课时分层作业(十八)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Next
time
your
pet
dog
starts
to
pant
(喘息)
and
pace
(踱步)
during
a
thunderstorm
or
when
you
have
to
leave
for
a
day，you
know
separation
anxiety
is
about
to
happen，and
you
should
consider
playing
some
music，but
not
just
any
music.According
to
a
new
study
published
in
the
journal
of
Physiology
&
Behavior，dogs
prefer
the
sounds
of
reggae
(雷盖音乐)
or
soft
rock
to
any
other
type.
For
the
study，conducted
by
the
Scottish
Society
for
Prevention
of
Cruelty
to
Animals
(SSPCA)，researchers
played
five
different
types
of
music
for
shelter
dogs.During
the
study，classical
music，soft
rock，reggae，pop
music
and
Motown
were
played.While
the
dogs
were
listening，researchers
took
note
of
their
heart
rates，cortisol
(皮质醇)
levels
and
behavior.
It
turns
out
that
dogs
are
fans
of
Bob
Marley，just
like
we
do
on
our
beach
vacations，as
results
showed
that
dogs
were
less
stressed
while
listening
to
soft
rock
or
reggae.When
they
were
listening
to
Motown，their
stress
levels
were
higher.
Based
on
the
results
of
the
study，researchers
believe
that
dog
owners
can
play
reggae
or
soft
rock
music
for
their
dogs
during
high
stress
situations.For
dogs
entering
a
shelter
for
the
first
time，the
new
surroundings
will
make
them
horrified，causing
them
to
bark
or
shake，and
dogs
living
at
home
can
be
fearful
of
loud
noises
when
their
owners
leave.
This
study
discovered
shelter
dogs
listening
to
classical
music
were
more
relaxed，barking
less
and
lying
down
more.Unfortunately，the
study
also
found
that
by
the
seventh
day
of
listening
to
classical
music，the
dogs
returned
to
restlessness.This
led
the
researchers
to
believe
that
“the
animals
were
getting
used
to
the
music，or
possibly
getting
bored.”
Those
previous
results
are
what
led
the
researchers
to
try
various
types
for
the
new
study.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一项研究发现，不同类型的音乐在安抚狗的情绪方面的作用是不同的。
1．What
did
the
researchers
do
in
the
study?
A．They
measured
dogs'
hearing.
B．They
studied
dogs'
separation
anxiety.
C．They
researched
into
dogs'
living
habits.
D．They
recorded
dogs'
physical
responses
to
music.
D [细节理解题。根据第二段的“During
the
study...researchers
took
note
of
their
heart
rates，cortisol
(皮质醇)
levels
and
behavior.”可知，研究人员记录了播放不同类型的音乐时狗的反应。]
2．When
listening
to
soft
rock，the
dogs
________．
A．got
bored
easily
B．tended
to
be
calmer
C．usually
ate
more
food
D．suffered
a
high
stress
level
B [细节理解题。根据第三段的“dogs
were
less
stressed
while
listening
to
soft
rock
or
reggae.When
they
were
listening
to
Motown，their
stress
levels
were
higher”可知，狗在听轻柔的音乐时更加平静。]
3．What
can
we
know
from
the
last
paragraph?
A．Dogs'
favorite
is
classical
music.
B．Shelter
dogs
get
annoyed
more
easily.
C．Music
may
affect
dogs'
mood
for
limited
time.
D．Researchers
are
satisfied
with
the
previous
results.
C [推理判断题。根据最后一段的“shelter
dogs
listening
to
classical
music
were
more
relaxed，barking
less
and
lying
down
more...by
the
seventh
day
of
listening
to
classical
music，the
dogs
returned
to
restlessness.”可知，音乐在有限的时间内或许对狗的情绪有影响。]
4．What's
the
text
mainly
about?
A．How
dog
lovers
comfort
their
dogs.
B．Advice
about
staying
with
a
pet
dog.
C．Why
dogs
should
be
free
of
anxiety.
D．A
study
on
music's
influence
on
dogs.
D [主旨大意题。本文通过介绍研究过程、结果和意义介绍了不同类型的音乐在安抚狗的情绪方面的不同作用，故作者的目的是介绍一项关于音乐对狗的影响的研究。]
B
The
coronavirus
pandemic
(冠状病毒流行病)
has
shut
down
offices
around
the
world
and
forced
people
to
work
at
home.Most
people
know
the
proper
rules
for
being
in
a
meeting，but
things
change
when
that
meeting
is
moved
to
a
video
conference
call.Avoiding
the
following
mistakes
will
help
you
be
professional
and
polite
during
a
video
call.
You're
not
prepared
for
the
call.When
you're
unaware
of
the
meeting
agenda
(议程)，you're
not
able
to
fully
prepare
in
advance
in
a
way
that
will
make
the
meeting
productive
and
efficient.In
order
to
use
your
time
well
and
everyone
else's
on
the
call，ask
the
organizer
for
information
to
find
out
the
purpose
and
desired
outcome
of
the
call.
You're
typing
and
responding
to
e?mails.Since
you're
already
on
your
computer，it
can
be
appealing
to
read
emails
and
try
to
get
other
work
done
in
a
video
call，but
it's
important
to
keep
your
focus
on
the
meeting.If
you
plan
to
take
notes
during
the
video
call，let
the
person
on
the
call
know
it
ahead
of
time.“Don't
embarrass
yourself
by
sending
the
message
that
your
e?mail
is
more
important
than
the
person
on
the
call.Your
e?mail
will
always
be
there，”
says
Schweitzer，founder
of
Access
to
Culture.
You
ended
the
call
without
checking
whether
you're
understood.Before
saying
goodbye，confirm
that
you
have
fully
answered
all
of
your
colleagues'
questions，noted
the
action
plan
and
solved
their
concerns.When
you
make
sure
all
problems
are
solved，wish
them
a
good
rest
and
say
“Goodbye”
rather
than
“Talk
to
you
later”，suggests
Schweitzer.
Please
remember
that
communication
is
an
important
soft
skill
you
need
to
have
in
the
business
world，no
matter
when
you
are
at
the
office
or
on
a
business
video
call.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。文章主要告诫人们在参加视频会议时应该避免做的事情。
5．What
does
the
author
intend
to
remind
us
in
Paragraph
1?
A．Working
at
home
will
be
common
in
the
future.
B．It
is
important
to
know
rules
for
video
conferences.
C．It
is
necessary
to
improve
the
efficiency
of
working
at
home.
D．The
coronavirus
pandemic
has
made
many
people
unemployed.
B [写作意图题。根据第一段“Most
people
know
the
proper
rules...but
things
change...a
video
conference
call...help
you
be
professional
and
polite...”可知，了解视频会议的规则很重要。]
6．To
make
the
meeting
productive
and
efficient，you
should
________．
A．work
with
the
organizer
all
the
time
B．make
the
meeting
agenda
by
yourself
C．communicate
with
everyone
through
the
video
D．know
its
purpose
and
desired
outcome
in
advance
D [细节理解题。根据第二段“make
the
meeting
productive
and
efficient...to
find
out
the
purpose
and
desired
outcome
of
the
call”可知，为了使会议高效且有成果，可以事先了解会议的目的和预期结果。]
7．What
can
we
learn
from
Paragraph
3?
A．Be
focused
in
a
video
conference
call.
B．It's
important
to
respond
to
e?mails
in
time.
C．Try
to
have
most
work
finished
on
the
computer.
D．Taking
notes
during
the
video
call
may
be
embarrassing.
A [细节理解题。根据第三段“it's
important
to
keep
your
focus
on
the
meeting”可知，在会议中要集中注意力。]
8．What
is
suggested
doing
in
the
end
of
a
video
conference?
A．Thanking
everyone
present.
B．Having
all
problems
solved.
C．Encouraging
everyone
to
work
hard.
D．Setting
the
time
for
the
next
meeting.
B [细节理解题。根据第四段“When
you
make
sure
all
problems
are
solved，wish
them
a
good
rest
and
say
‘Goodbye’”可知，在结束会议前，要确保所有的问题得到解决。]
Ⅱ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I
experienced
one
disaster
after
another
during
last
June.I
was
happy
to
say“Bye，June”
and
head
for
July.You
see，in
the
course
of
a
month，my
computer
needed
to
be
replaced，the
water
heater
had
to
be
replaced
as
well，and
my
car
broke
down
on
the
way
to
my
son's
birthday
party.I
wish
I
were
making
this
up－my
life
like
a
comedy
(喜剧)
of
errors，except
that
I
wasn't
finding
any
of
it
funny.
I
was
stressed，about
money，about
getting
to
kindergarten
meetings
and
about
doing
all
the
housework
in
the
kitchen.My
hair
was
going
gray
at
a
faster
rate
than
normal，but
I
had
no
money
to
treat
it.My
usually
bright
and
cheerful
character
turned
bad
and
terrible.I
was
shouting
at
my
kids
more
often
than
I
used
to.Did
they
listen
to
what
I
said?
I
felt
tired
and
annoyed
and
slightly
crazy.I
also
thought
I
was
failing
as
a
parent.
On
July
4th，the
kids
went
to
their
grandparents'
with
their
dad
for
the
day.I
kissed
them
goodbye.When
I
went
into
the
kitchen，I
found
standing
water
(积水)
on
the
floor，so
I
wanted
to
know
if
the
water
heater
broke
down
again.I
sat
on
the
sofa
wondering
if
July
was
going
to
be
just
as
bad
as
June.With
tears
in
my
eyes，I
cleaned
the
kitchen，washed
some
clothes，did
the
housework
and
watched
an
interesting
movie.Then
I
waited
for
my
kids
and
their
dad.When
would
they
be
home?
Although
I
always
got
impatient
and
the
kids
made
me
anxious
sometimes，they
were
my
world.Everything
seemed
off
when
they
weren't
with
me.I
loved
them.Therefore，I
sent
a
text
message
to
their
dad，“Are
the
kids
coming
home
soon?
This
place
is
quiet
now.”
注意：1.续写的词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
They
finally
returned
home._________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
However，I
wasn't
my
best
self
sometimes.___________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
【参考范文】
They
finally
returned
home.
I
hugged
each
of
my
kids.When
we
had
dinner
at
the
dining
room
table，my
kids
talked
with
me
about
the
time
they
spent
with
their
grandparents.My
son
said
although
their
grandparents
were
very
kind
to
them
and
loved
them，they
missed
me
very
much.I
told
him
I
missed
them
as
well.Suddenly，he
said
sweetly
and
sincerely，“Mommy，you're
the
best
mommy
in
the
world.I
love
you.”
Hearing
what
he
said，I
was
in
tears
and
kissed
him.
However，I
wasn't
my
best
self
sometimes.I
was
annoyed.I
was
impatient.I
was
shouting
at
my
kids
once
in
a
while.However，my
kids
didn't
see
this
as
a
disaster.Instead，they
regarded
home
as
the
best
place
where
they
could
play
and
learn
and
be
themselves.As
my
kids
said，they
saw
a
place
where
they
were
safe
and
well
cared
for.Besides，they
saw
a
parent
who
was
beautiful
and
hard?working
because
she
had
made
her
efforts
to
give
them
the
best
life
possible.Most
importantly，she
loved
them.
6/6课时分层作业(十七)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Where
have
you
been？We
have
been
looking(look)
for
you
everywhere.
2．They
have
known
(know)
each
other
since
childhood.
3．I
have
been
trying
(try)
to
get
my
new
room
in
order
all
morning.
4．Sorry，I'm
full.I
have
had
(have)
supper
already.
5．—He
hopes
that
he
will
find
a
job
tomorrow.
—Well，it
is
said
that
he
has
been
looking
(look)
for
a
job
for
three
months.
6．Maria
has
been
learning/has
learned
(learn)
English
for
two
years
and
she
does
well
in
it.
7．Some
scientists
have
been
doing
(do)
research
on
artifical
internal
organs.
8．All
these
years
they
have
been
contributing
(contribute)
articles
to
our
magazine.
9．The
little
boy
is
dirty
all
over
because
he
has
been
playing
(play)
in
the
mud
all
morning.
10．Here
he
is!
We
have
been
waiting
(wait)
anxiously
for
him
since
last
night.
Ⅱ.完形填空
My
university
had
a
program
that
enabled
students
to
take
a
break
from
their
research
to
do
an
internship
(实习)．Failing
to
find
a
paid
internship
in
my
field
of
interest—science
policy，I
1
one
in
a
biotech
company.On
the
first
day
of
my
internship，I
felt
2
because
I
had
never
worked
in
a
company.As
the
morning
passed，my
unease
(不安)
3
．I
wondered
whether
my
choice
had
been
a(n)
4
．
My
manager
sat
me
down
to
5
．After
hearing
of
my
interest
in
science
policy，she
asked，“Are
you
sure
that
the
work
of
science
policy
professionals
6
you？”
I
couldn't
come
up
with
a
satisfactory
answer.“You
should
take
on
a
short?term
7
to
find
out
if
you'll
like
it，”
she
advised.Suddenly，it
8
me
that
I'd
spent
years
dreaming
up
potential
jobs
based
on
my
interests，
9
I
didn't
have
any
experience
to
know
whether
I'd
like
any
of
them.
Over
the
past
months，I've
learned
that
her
advice—to
give
a
new
career
path
a
try，was
10
right.I'd
gone
into
my
internship
11
to
do
standard
experiments
without
creative
thought.I
was
prepared
to
get
12
quickly.But
things
turned
out
different
and
there's
more
13
in
industry
than
I
imagined.I
have
been
surprised
by
how
much
I've
14
my
work.
I
successfully
15
my
Ph.D.，and
I
am
seeking
my
first
post－Ph.D.
job.You
never
know
whether
you'll
like
something
until
you
try
it
out.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文中作者有一段时间停止了博士研究，去一家公司实习，在此过程中，他感悟出任何事情都要尝试过后才知道是否喜欢。
1．A.escaped
from
B．refused
C．decided
on
D．demanded
C [根据下文作者在一家生物科技公司实习可知，作者最终决定(decided
on)去那家公司实习。]
2．A.touching
B．disappointing
C．scaring
D．pleasing
C [这是作者实习的第一天，下文也提到作者的不安，所以可推出作者此时的心情是担心、害怕的(scaring)。]
3．A.left
B．grew
C．changed
D．returned
B [作者未在公司里工作过，下文也提到他开始怀疑自己的选择，所以可推出作者不安的感觉增加了(grew)。]
4．A.embarrassment
B．amusement
C．dream
D．mistake
D [作者怀疑自己当初的选择是否是一个错误(mistake)。]
5．A.chat
B．work
C．rest
D．study
A [根据下文经理和作者的谈话可知，经理在和作者聊天(chat)。]
6．A.limits
B．rushes
to
C．troubles
D．appeals
to
D [经理问“你确定喜欢(appeals
to)科学政策专业人员的日常工作吗？”]
7．A.survey
B．position
C．treatment
D．vacation
B [经理建议作者先去短期的岗位(position)做一做，体验一下。]
8．A.hit
B．informed
C．taught
D．promised
A [作者突然意识到(hit)他这么多年只是在根据自己的兴趣想象未来的工作。It
hits
sb.that...指“某人突然意识到某事”。]
9．A.until
B．if
C．unless
D．but
D [作者突然意识到这么多年来只是在根据自己的兴趣想象未来的工作，但是(but)从来都没有任何实际体验来让他知道自己是否喜欢它们。]
10．A.partly
B．temporarily
C．totally
D．hardly
C [根据下文作者的收获和感悟可推出，作者认为那位经理的建议完全(totally)正确。]
11．A.expecting
B．aiming
C．preferring
D．managing
A [作者刚开始进入公司，原以为(expecting)要做些常规的实验，不需要什么创意。]
12．A.happy
B．bored
C．relaxed
D．trained
B [作者觉得自己在这家公司上班会很快变得无聊(bored)。]
13．A.creativity
B．income
C．danger
D．loss
A [这家公司带给作者的体验全然不是他预料的那样，工作中需要很多的创意(creativity)。]
14．A.enjoyed
B．ignored
C．improved
D．tried
A [作者很喜欢(enjoyed)这份工作，这让他很吃惊。]
15．A.started
B．abandoned
C．completed
D．stopped
C [根据下文作者在寻找博士毕业后的第一份工作可推出，作者后来继续完成了(completed)博士学位的学习。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
How
important
is
drinking
tea
in
Britain?
During
the
darkest
days
of
World
War
Ⅱ，British
Prime
Minister
Winston
Churchill
famously
said
that
he
had“nothing
1.________
(offer)
but
blood，toil
(辛劳)，tears，and
sweat”．He
didn't
mention
2.________
one
historian
called
his
secret
weapon：tea.It
might
seem
like
a
movie
cliché
(陈词滥调)，but
the
truth
is
that
the
British
3.________
(true)
love
tea.Churchill
realized
it.He
reportedly
ordered
that
all
4.________
(sailor)
have
an
unlimited
amount
available.
As
losses
gradually
increased
and
people's
morale(士气)dropped，Britain
set
out
to
buy
all
the
tea
5.________
(produce)
in
the
world
except
for
Japan's
share.Germany
was
also
aware
of
the
importance
of
tea
6.________
life
in
Britain.During
the
ongoing
bombing
of
London
in
1941，Mincing
Lane，known
as
the
“Street
of
Tea”，7.________
(attack)
by
German
pilots.In
fact，some
would
argue
that
tea
was
a
key
factor
in
Britain's
eventual
victory
in
8.________
war.They
think
tea's
steaming
presence
offered
strong
confidence，9.________
(believe)，and
a
sense
of
peace
and
normality
in
that
10.________
(danger)
times，improving
the
soldiers'
spirits
and
bringing
them
together.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了茶对英国人来说很重要，它甚至对英国人赢得二战起了一定的积极作用。
1．to
offer [考查非谓语动词。此处动词不定式作不定代词nothing的后置定语。]
2．what [考查宾语从句。此空在句中引导宾语从句，且在从句中作called的宾语，指物，故用what。]
3．truly [考查副词。此空在句中修饰后面的动词，故用副词。]
4．sailors [考查名词的数。此空在从句中作主语，要用名词。sailor是可数名词，且前有限定词all，故用复数形式。]
5．produced [考查非谓语动词。此空在句中作定语，与tea之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词。]
6．to [考查介词。根据句意可知，此处是说“茶对生活的重要性”，故用介词to表示“对于”。]
7．was
attacked [考查动词的时态和语态。句子描述的是过去的事，故用一般过去时。Mincing
Lane与attack之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态。]
8．the [考查冠词。根据上下文可知，此处特指二战，故要用定冠词the。]
9．belief [考查词性转换。此空与其前后的名词、名词短语并列，作offered的宾语，故用名词。]
10．dangerous [考查词性转换。此空在句中修饰名词times，故用形容词。]
5/5Ⅰ.匹配词义
a．单词匹配
( )1.emission
A．n.腰，腰部
( )2.via
B．prep.通过(某人、某机器等)
传送(某物)；借助于
( )3.conservationist
C．n.经济
( )4.economy
D．n.(动植物或古旧建筑的)
保护工作者；环境保护主义者
( )5.waist
E．n.散发物，排放物
[答案] 1—5 EBDCA
b．短语匹配
( )1.under
threat
A．除……之外
( )2.highlight
the
importance
of
B．支持，赞同
( )3.be
made
up
of
C．处于危险中
( )4.in
favour
of
D．强调……的重要性
( )5.in
addition
to
E．由……组成
[答案] 1—5 CDEBA
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．negotiable
adj.
可协商的
2．preference
n.
优先(权)
3．favour
n.
支持，赞同
4．qualification
n.
技能条件，资格
5．operator
n.
经营者
6．applicant
n.
申请人
7．candidate
n.
申请者
8．advertise
v.
(为……)做广告(宣传)
9．genuine
adj.
真的，真正的
10．salary
n.
薪金，工资
Ⅰ.语境填空
favour；economy；emission；advertise；waist；salary；candidate；jungle；genuine；disturb
1．She
was
born
without
the
ability
to
use
her
legs
and
she
has
no
feeling
below
the
waist．
2．He
received
one
year's
salary
as
compensation
for
loss
of
office.
3．He
seems
so
honest
and
genuine
and
my
every
instinct
says
he's
not.
4．I
wouldn't
advertise
the
fact
that
you
don't
have
a
work
permit.
5．To
carry
out
the
research
on
the
chimp
will
involve
living
in
the
jungle
for
several
years.
6．The
programme
has
lost
favour
with
viewers
recently.
7．Tony，your
father
is
working
on
his
computer.Turn
down
your
music
and
don't
disturb
him.
8．The
arts
create
jobs
that
help
develop
the
economy．
9．Burning
coal
and
other
fuels
gives
off
a
large
amount
of
carbon
emission．
10．In
my
opinion，she's
the
perfect
candidate
for
the
job.
Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词
1．A
conservationist
(conservation)
is
a
person
who
takes
an
active
part
in
the
protection
of
the
environment.
2．Soon
people
were
complaining
that
the
young
operator(operate)
of
the
supermarket
was
mean.
3．Every
applicant
(apply)
should
complete
one
application
form
for
each
product.
4．Miss
Parrish
recently
placed
an
advertisement
(advertise)
in
the
local
newspaper.
5．This
is
an
exciting
challenge
and
the
salary
is
negotiable
(negotiate)．
6．He
really
has
a
preference
(prefer)
for
equality.
7．Should
I
send
you
copies
of
my
qualification
(qualify)
in
advance?
8．The
terms
of
the
agreement
are
favourable
(favour)
to
both
sides.
1．You'll
need
to
report
back
via
weekly
blogs，photo
diaries
and
video
updates.
你将要通过每周博客、照片日记和视频更新汇报工作。
2．You'll
also
be
asked
to
promote
the
islands
through
newspapers，magazines
and
TV
interviews.
还将要求你通过报纸、杂志和电视采访宣传这些礁岛。
3．In
addition
to
blogging，taking
photos
and
writing
articles
about
the
reef，he
made
a
number
of
appearances
on
television
to
argue
in
favour
of
its
defence.
除了对大堡礁写博客、拍照和撰写文章以外，他还频频上电视，据理力争主张保护大堡礁。
词语助读
①Great
Barrier
Reef大堡礁
reef
n．礁，礁脉
a
coral
reef珊瑚礁
②accommodation
n．住处
[1]本句为主从复合句；include后是两个并列的v.?ing短语作宾语；finding
out后是what引导的宾语从句，what在从句中作宾语。
③via
prep.通过(某人、某机器等)传送(某物)；借助
④update
n．最新消息，更新
⑤promote
vt.推广；促销，推销
⑥means
n．(单复数同形)方法，手段，工具
means
to
do
sth./means
of
doing
sth.做某事的方法
⑦highlight
the
importance
of...强调……的重要性
⑧outer
space
n．太空；外层空间
⑨be
made
up
of由……组成
⑩host
n．(寄生动植物的)寄主，宿主
?under
threat处于危险中
?candidate
n．申请者
?prove
vt.证明，证实；linking
verb结果证明是，被发现了是
?applicant
n．申请人
?in
addition
to...除……之外in
addition此外
?a
number
of一些，若干
the
number
of
……的数量
?appearance
n．公开露面；到来
?in
favour
of支持，赞同
?defence
n．保护，保卫
?presenter
n．(广播、电视)节目主持人
advertise
vt.&vi.(为……)做广告(宣传)
[2]本句为主从复合句。that在此引导宾语从句，作joked的宾语，该宾语从句中，should
have
been
advertised属于
“情态动词＋have
done”结构。
原文呈现
THE
BEST
JOB
IN
THF
WORLD
1．How
would
you
like
to
spend
six
months
living
on
an
island
and
looking
after
the
Great
Barrier
Reef①？The
working
hours
are
flexible
and
accommodation②
is
provided.Key
duties
include
exploring
the
islands
of
the
reef
and
finding
out
what
the
area
has
to
offer.[1]
You'll
need
to
report
back
via③
weekly
blogs，photo
diaries
and
video
updates④.You'll
also
be
asked
to
promote⑤
the
islands
through
newspapers，magazines
and
TV
interviews.
2．__________
It
was
actually
a
very
clever
means⑥
to
highlight
the
importance
of⑦
the
Great
Barrier
Reef
and
the
need
to
protect
it.
3．________________________
About
the
size
of
Japan，it
even
can
be
seen
from
outer
space⑧.More
than
25
million
years
old，the
Great
Barrier
Reef
is
made
up
of⑨
living
coral
growing
on
dead
coral.It
is
host⑩
to
many
species
of
birds
and
sea
creatures.But
this
unique
and
delicate
place
is
now
under
threat?
from
pollution
and
climate
change.
4．To
get
this
job，the
candidates?
had
to
make
a
short
video
showing
how
much
they
knew
about
the
reef.They
also
needed
to
prove?
why
they
were
the
best
person
to
do
the
job.Out
of
the
thousands
of
applicants?，eleven
were
selected，including
a
young
woman
from
China.Eventually，the
job
was
offered
to
Ben
Southall
from
the
UK.
5．______________________
In
addition
to?
blogging，taking
photos
and
writing
articles
about
the
reef，he
made
a
number
of?
appearances?
on
television
to
argue
in
favour
of?
its
defence?.He
also
worked
as
a
presenter?
for
the
National
Geographic
Channel，before
going
on
to
write
a
book
about
his
experiences.Ben
later
joked
that
the
job
should
have
been
advertised
[2]
not
as
the
“best”
，but
the
“busiest
job
in
the
world”！
6．___________________________________
The
most
important
thing
was
that
people
all
over
the
world
became
aware
of
the
beauty
of
the
ocean
in
the
area.What's
more，they
came
to
understand
the
delicate
balance
that
the
environment
exists
in
and
what
can，and
must，be
done
to
protect
the
reef.That
way，it
will
remain
a
safe
habitat
for
wildlife，as
well
as
a
dream
destination
for
the
millions
of
tourists
who
visit
it
each
year.
译文参考
全世界最好的工作
1．你觉得在岛上生活6个月，照看大堡礁怎么样？工作时间灵活，提供住宿。主要职责包括探索礁岛，了解该地区都有些什么。你将要通过每周博客、照片日记和视频更新汇报工作。还将要求你通过报纸、杂志和电视采访宣传这些礁岛。
2．________________________________________________
这确实是一种强调大堡礁的重要性和保护它的必要性的非常高明的手段。
3．________________________________________________
大堡礁的面积与日本(的面积)大致相当，从外太空都能看到它。它有着2
500多万年的历史，由生长在死珊瑚虫上的活珊瑚虫组成。众多鸟类和海洋生物栖息于此。然而，这个独特又脆弱的地方正在遭受污染和气候变化带来的威胁。
4．要得到这份工作，申请人必须制作一个短片，展示他们对于大堡礁了解多少。他们还需要证明为什么自己是做这项工作的最佳人选。在数以千计的申请人当中挑选出了11人，其中包括一名来自中国的年轻女性。最终，来自英国的本·索撒尔获得了这份工作。
5．_________________________________________________
除了对大堡礁写博客、拍照和撰写文章以外，他还频频上电视，据理力争主张保护大堡礁。他还曾在国家地理频道做过节目主持人，后来写了一本关于个人经历的书。本后来开玩笑说，这份工作不应被广告宣传为
“最好的”，而应是
“世界上最繁忙的工作”！
6．________________________________________________
最重要的是，世界各地的人开始意识到这片地区的海洋是多么美丽。此外，他们开始理解当地环境平衡的脆弱性，以及人们可以，并且必须做些什么来保护大堡礁。那样，它将会继续成为野生动物的安全栖息地和每年来此参观的数百万游客的梦想目的地。
6/6Accuse
not
nature，she
hath
done
her
part；do
thou
but
thine.
—John
Milton
别指责自然，她已尽其职；你应好自为之。
——约翰·弥尔顿
We
won't
have
a
society
if
we
destroy
the
environment.
—Margaret
如果我们毁坏了环境，社会将不复存在。
——玛格丽特
Only
to
obey
nature
in
order
to
overcome
nature.
—Charles
Darwin
要征服自然，只能遵从自然。
——查尔斯·达尔文
Never
does
nature
say
one
thing
and
wisdom
another.—Juvenal
自然与智慧永不相悖。
——茹韦纳尔
A
World
Heritage
Site
is
a
landmark
that
is
recognized
by
the
United
Nations，specifically
by
the
United
Nations
Educational，Scientific
and
Cultural
Organization
(UNESCO)．For
a
landmark
to
be
considered
a
world
heritage
site，it
needs
to
be
unique
in
some
respect
geographically
and
historically.It
also
needs
to
have
a
cultural
or
physical
significance.
Mausoleum
of
the
First
Qin
Emperor
The
Mausoleum
of
the
First
Qin
Emperor
is
located
in
Lintong
County，near
Xi'an
City，capital
of
Shaanxi
Province.A
total
of
8，000
life?size
terracotta
warriors，chariots
and
horses，and
hundreds
of
bronze
weapons
have
been
unearthed
from
it.Many
state
leaders
and
experts
worldwide
believe
that
the
discovery
of
the
mausoleum
is
a
major
archeological
find
and
can
be
called
the
eighth
wonder
of
the
world，paralleling
Egypt's
pyramids.
Kulangsu，a
Historic
International
Settlement
Gulangyu
Island，known
in
the
local
dialect
as
Kulangsu，is
located
on
the
entry
of
the
Jiulong
River，facing
the
city
of
Xiamen.The
island
was
occupied
by
at
least
a
dozen
countries，including
Great
Britain，France
and
Japan.As
a
result，Western
culture
grew
rapidly
there
in
the
19th
century，especially
music.With
such
a
harmonious
blend
of
Western
music
and
Eastern
culture，Gulangyu
is
naturally
referred
to
as
the
“island
of
music”．It
is
famous
for
its
outstanding
musicians
and
musical
instruments.
[探索发现]
1．Where
the
Mausoleum
of
the
First
Qin
Emperor
is?
It
is
located
in
Lintong
County，Shaanxi
Province.
2．How
many
wonders
of
the
world
are
mentioned
in
the
passage?
Two.
3．What
is
Gulangyu
famous
for?
It
is
famous
for
its
outstanding
musicians
and
musical
instruments.
2/2速读P62—63教材课文，完成下列任务：
Ⅰ.阅读判断
判断下列句子提供的信息是正确，还是错误，还是没有提及。
1．The
Sky
Railway
was
built
on
the
“roof
of
the
world”．
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not
mentioned.
2．When
building
the
railway，engineers
took
the
ecosystem
into
account.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not
mentioned.
3．Qingshuihe
Bridge
is
the
longest
bridge
in
the
world.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not
mentioned.
4．Tanggula
Station
is
the
highest
railway
station
in
the
world.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not
mentioned.
[答案] 1—4 AABA
Ⅱ.补全信息
选择正确选项填入空白处，补全所给句子提供的信息。
A.to
catch
my
eye
B．To
prevent
damage
to
wetlands
and
grasslands
C．to
allow
the
animals
to
move
safely
and
freely
in
their
natural
habitat
D．to
overcome
the
most
difficult
engineering
challenges
E．to
work
on
this
railway
F．To
make
sure
we
stayed
healthy
1．I
was
one
of
the
people
who
came
from
all
parts
of
China
________．
2．Taking
years
to
complete，the
Qinghai?Tibet
Railway
is
a
record
of
all
our
efforts
________．
3．The
first
landmark
________
is
the
splendid
Qingshuihe
Bridge，the
worlds'
longest
bridge
built
over
permafrost.
4．Thirty?three
passages
have
been
built
under
the
railway
________．
5．________，675
bridges
with
a
total
length
of
about
160
kilometres
were
built
between
Golmud
and
Lhasa.
6．________，several
oxygen?making
stations
were
constructed.
[答案] 1—6 EDACBF
Ⅲ.表格填空
The
Sky
Railway
To
protect
wild
animals.
1.Thirty?three
passages
have
been
built
to
allow
the
animals
to
move
at
their
leisure.Qingshuihe
Bridge
is
one
of
them，which
is
the
2.longest
bridge
built
over
permafrost.
To
prevent
damage
to
3．wetlands
and
grasslands．
675
bridges
with
a
total
length
of
about
4.160
kilometres
were
built
between
Golmud
and
Lhasa.140，000
square
metres
of
5.wetland
was
moved
to
protect
its
distinct
ecosystem.
To
make
sure
the
workers
stayed
healthy.
Several
6.oxygen?making
stations
were
constructed
to
make
sure
workers
were
able
to
enjoy
regular
breaks
in
7.lower
areas.
To
prevent
8．construction
waste．
Thousands
and
thousands
of
9.sandbags
were
used
to
build
a
twenty?kilometre
wall
along
the
10.Cuona
Lake，which
has
a
pale
blue
mirror?like
surface.
细读P62—63教材课文，完成下列任务：
Ⅰ.主旨匹配
( )1.Para.1
A．Ways
to
protect
wetlands
and
grasslands.
( )2.Para.2
B．Sandbags
to
protect
Cuona
Lake.
( )3.Para.3
C．The
travel
along
the
Sky
Railway.
( )4.Para.4
D．The
Qingshuihe
Bridge
to
protect
wildlife.
( )5.Para.5
E．Admiration
for
the
railway.
( )6.Para.6
F．Efforts
to
solve
the
engineering
difficulties.
( )7.Para.7
G．Measures
to
keep
railway
workers
healthy.
[答案] 1—5 CFDAG 6—7 BE
Ⅱ.单项选择
1．What
was
the
author
concerned
about
most?
A．The
cost
of
the
railway.
B．The
possibility
of
success.
C．The
efforts
to
get
rid
of
difficulties.
D．The
way
to
protect
the
ecosystem.
2．According
to
the
third
paragraph，what
are
the
passages
used
for?
A．To
make
the
bridge
strong.
B．To
let
the
wildlife
eat
grass.
C．To
protect
the
safety
of
wildlife.
D．To
make
sure
the
train
passes
quickly.
3．What
can
we
know
from
the
fifth
paragraph?
A．It
takes
much
time
to
travel
to
the
highest
station.
B．The
conditions
at
the
station
are
very
tough.
C．Workers
often
have
a
rest
in
higher
areas.
D．Measures
are
taken
to
ensure
workers'
health.
4．How
did
the
author
feel
about
the
Qinghai?Tibet
Railway?
A．Proud.
B．Curious.
C．Regretful.
D．Annoyed.
5．Why
is
the
Qinghai?Tibet
Railway
called
the
Sky
Railway?
A．Because
of
its
location.
B．Because
of
so
many
challenges.
C．Because
of
the
magical
landscape.
D．Because
of
people's
admiration.
[答案] 1—5 DCDAB
Ⅲ.读后续写微技能
读后续写微技能(六)——描述心理活动
A．阅读文中含有心理活动的语句。
1．As
we
pass
Cuona
Lake，I
feel
a
sense
of
pride
and
achievement.
2．Cuona
Lake
is
so
close
to
the
railway
that
I
want
to
reach
out
and
touch
its
pale
blue
mirror?like
surface.
3．I
am
proud
that
we
built
our“impossible”railway，and
did
so
with
the
care
that
the
environment
deserves.
B．判断下列语句中哪个不是表示心理活动的？
1．All
this
time，the
song“Sky
Railway”has
been
playing
inside
my
head.
2．We
were
also
able
to
enjoy
regular
breaks
in
lower
areas.
[答案] 2
4/4阅读P68－69教材课文，选出最佳选项。
1．If
you
live
on
the
Great
Barrier
Reef，how
can
you
report
back
your
findings?
A．Via
weekly
blogs.
B．Via
photos
on
computer.
C．Via
telephone.
D．Via
express
company.
2．How
large
is
the
Great
Barrier
Reef?
A．Larger
than
Japan.
B．About
the
same
as
outer
space.
C．About
25
million
square
metres.
D．Almost
Japanese
whole
field.
3．What
did
Ben
mean
by
saying
“not
as
the
best，but
the
busiest
job
in
the
world”？
A．He
didn't
love
the
job
actually.
B．He
thought
it
so
busy
a
job.
C．He
meant
it
is
not
a
simple
common
job.
D．He
wanted
to
advertise
for
one
to
replace.
4．What
is
the
most
important
thing
that
we
can
do
for
the
Great
Barrier
Reef?
A．To
work
and
accommodate
on
the
island.
B．To
make
people
know
the
beauty
there
and
protect
it.
C．To
advertise
to
employ
more
and
more
employees.
D．To
give
Ben
more
salaries
to
make
him
adapt
there.
[答案] 1—4 ADCB
Words
and
Phrases
知识要点1 disturb
v．干扰，扰乱
(教材P67) However，the
local
people
worry
that
building
the
hotel
is
not
eco?friendly
and
will
disturb
the
wildlife，in
particular
the
turtles
which
lay
their
eggs
on
White
Beach.
然而，当地人担心，修建这家酒店不环保，会干扰野生动物，特别是在白沙滩上产卵的海龟。
[例] I'm
sorry
to
disturb
you，but
can
I
talk
to
you
for
a
moment?
对不起，打扰你一下，我能跟你谈一会儿吗？
[知识拓展]
(1)disturbed
adj.
被扰乱的；感到不安的
be
disturbed
by/about/at
对……感到忧虑/不安
be
disturbed
to
do
sth.
对做某事感到不安
be
disturbed
that...
担心……
(2)disturbing
adj.
令人不安的；使人烦恼的
disturbance
n.
骚乱；打扰
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①We
were
very
disturbed
(disturb)
at
the
loud
noise
made
by
the
working
machines
throughout
the
night.
②She
was
disturbed
to
hear
(hear)
you
had
been
injured
in
the
accident.
③There
are
disturbing
(disturb)
reports
of
killings
at
the
two
centres.
④If
you
get
up
early，try
not
to
disturb
everyone
else.
如果你起得早，尽量不要打扰别人。
知识要点2 in
favour
of支持，赞同；有利于……
(教材P69) ...he
made
a
number
of
appearances
on
television
to
argue
in
favour
of
its
defence.
……他还频频上电视，据理力争主张保护大堡礁。
[例] Some
are
in
favour
of
it，some
are
against
it.
有的赞成，有的反对。
[知识拓展]
do
sb.
a
favour＝do
a
favour
for
sb.
帮某人的忙
ask
sb.
for
a
favour＝ask
a
favour
of
sb.
请求某人帮忙
in
sb.'s
favour
对某人有利，有助于某人
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/一句多译
①Even
though
we
have
some
trouble
right
now，I
think
the
final
result
will
be
in
our
favour.
②All
the
people
present
at
the
meeting
are
in
favour
of
the
plan.
③I
asked
a
favour
of
him，but
he
refused
immediately.
④通过给她一些极有价值的建议，他帮了她一个大忙。
a．He
did
her
a
great
favour
by
giving
her
some
valuable
suggestions.
b．He
did
a
great
favour
for
her
by
giving
her
some
valuable
suggestions.
知识要点3 negotiable
adj.可协商的
(教材P71) Salary
negotiable...
薪水可协商……
[例] The
price
I
am
offering
will
no
longer
be
negotiable.
我现在报的价格不可以再协商了。
[知识拓展]
(1)negotiate
vt.
谈判；协商
negotiate
with
sb.
about/over/for
sth.
＝(be)
in
negotiation
with
sb.
over
sth.
与某人协商某事
negotiate
an
agreement/contract
with
sb.
与某人商定协议/合同
(2)negotiation
n.
协商，谈判
under
negotiation
在协商中
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①We
negotiated
with
an
American
firm
about
the
purchase
of
computers.
②He
has
negotiated
a
new
contract
with
the
seller.
③It
is
said
it
remains
in
negotiation
(negotiate)
with
the
Russian
authorities.
④It's
said
that
the
details
of
the
contract
are
still
under
negotiation．
据说合约的细节仍在协商中。
知识要点4 (教材P71) All
applications
welcome，but
preference
will
be
given
to
those
with
diving
qualifications．
欢迎所有申请，但有潜水证书者优先。
(1)preference
n．优先(权)；偏爱，喜爱
[例] Many
people
expressed
a
strong
preference
for
the
original
plan.
许多人强烈表示偏爱原计划。
[知识拓展]
(1)have
a
preference
for
对……偏爱
in
preference
to
而不是
(2)prefer
vt.(preferred；preferring)
更喜欢；选择某事物
(而不选择其他事物)
prefer
doing/to
do
sth.
更喜欢做某事
prefer
(doing)
A
to
(doing)
B
比起(做)B更喜欢(做)A
prefer
to
do
A
rather
than
do
B
宁愿做A也不做B
prefer
sb.
to
do
sth.
宁愿某人做某事
prefer
that...
宁愿……(从句谓语用
“should＋动词原形”，
should可省略)
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Parents
should
not
have
a
preference
for
any
one
of
their
children.
②She
chose
to
learn
the
violin
in
preference
(prefer)
to
the
piano.
③I
prefer
wearing/to
wear
(wear)
clothes
made
of
natural
fibers.
④I'd
prefer
you
to
cycle(cycle)，if
you
don't
mind.
⑤He
prefers
to
die
rather
than
give
in
to
the
enemy.
他宁死也不屈服于敌人。
(2)qualification
n．资格，合格证书；技能条件
[例] He
left
school
with
no
formal
qualifications.
他离开学校没有获得正式学历。
[知识拓展]
(1)a
qualification
for
……的资格
(2)qualify
v.
使具备资格
qualify
sb.
to
do
sth.
使某人有资格做某事
(3)qualified
adj.
有资格的，合格的，胜任的
be
qualified
to
do
sth.
有资格做某事
be
qualified
for
具备……资格的；
适合担任……的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①He
has
no
qualification
for
this
job.
②He
knew
he
was
not
qualified
to
be
(be)
a
teacher.
③Strictly
speaking，he's
not
qualified
for
the
job.
④The
test
qualifies
you
to
drive
heavy
vehicles.
这一考试使你有资格驾驶重型车辆。
Sentence
Pattern
重点句式 状语从句的省略
(教材P69) He
also
worked
as
a
presenter
for
the
National
Geographic
Channel，before
going
on
to
write
a
book
about
his
experiences．
他还曾在国家地理频道做过节目主持人，后来写了一本关于个人经历的书。
句式分析：本句中before
going
on
to
write
a
book
about
his
experiences为before引导的时间状语从句的省略句。
[例1] Wood
gives
off
much
smoke
while
(it
is)
burning.
木头燃烧时产生很多烟。
[例2] When
(it
is)
heated，ice
can
be
turned
into
water.
加热的时候冰可以变成水。
[知识拓展]
省略句的结构和用法
(1)在when，while，if，as
if，though，although，as，until，once，whether，unless，whenever等连接的状语从句中，当从句主语跟主句的主语相同且从句谓语中含有系动词be或从句的主语为it时，则从句中主语和be动词常被省略。
(2)在than，as等引导的比较状语从句中常省略某些成分。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/把下列句子改为省略句
①When
surfing
(surf)
the
Internet，I
downloaded
the
film.
②Video
games
can
be
a
poor
influence
if
left
(leave)
in
the
wrong
hands.
③He
shook
his
head
as
if
to
say
(say)
“no”．
④If
it
is
so，I
hope
you
will
have
a
wonderful
time.
→If
so，I
hope
you
will
have
a
wonderful
time.
⑤The
winters
in
Hangzhou
are
not
so
mild
as
they
are
in
Guangzhou.
→The
winters
in
Hangzhou
are
not
so
mild
as
in
Guangzhou．
标题归纳题
标题具有概括性、针对性、醒目性的特点。所谓概括性，就是指标题应在最大程度上覆盖全文，囊括文章的主要内容，体现文章的主题。针对性是对标题外延的一种界定，标题要直接指向文章的主要特点。了解文章主要论题的关键是找到全文的主题句。主题句通常在文章首段，但是也可能在文章的末段、在文章的某一段落，或者分散在文章的各个段落中。如果每个段落都有主题句，那么把各个段落的主题句的中心思想集中起来，即为全文的主题句。
[例文]
Of
the
many
influences
on
human
behavior，social
influences
are
the
most
widespread.The
main
influence
on
people
is
people.When
we
hear
the
words
social
influence，most
of
us
think
of
deliberate
attempts
of
someone
to
persuade
us
to
change
our
actions
or
opinions.The
TV
ad
comes
to
mind.But
many
of
the
most
important
forms
of
social
influence
are
unintentional，and
some
of
the
effects
we
humans
have
on
one
another
occur
as
a
result
of
the
simple
fact
that
we
are
in
each
other's
physical
presence.
Which
is
the
best
title
for
the
passage?
A．Coaction
Makes
Faster
B．Social
Influence
C．An
Interesting
Observation
D．Effect
of
Audience
Presence
[答案] B
[即学即练] 请快速阅读下面一段文字并确定其标题
Losing
weight
comes
with
a
lot
of
health
benefits—including
making
your
brain
sharper.Yes，it
turns
out
that
overweight
may
damage
cognitive
functions
such
as
memory
and
attention.There
have
been
few
studies
of
overweight
and
cognitive
functioning，possibly
because
it
is
generally
believed
that
it
is
not
a
primary
risk
cause
for
poor
cognitive
performance.Losing
weight，therefore，may
help
improve
these
mental
functions，according
to
a
new
study
led
by
John
Gunstad，assistant
professor
of
psychology
at
Kent
State
University.
Which
of
the
following
is
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A．Body
Weight
and
Health
B．Losing
Weight
by
Operation
C．Ways
to
Improve
Mental
Functions
D．Losing
Weight
to
Sharpen
Your
Mind
[解析] 根据文章主题句“Losing
weight
comes
with
a
lot
of
health
benefits—including
making
your
brain
sharper.”及全文内容可知减肥可以使你思维敏捷。
[答案] D
7/7课时分层作业(十六)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Large
dams
have
harmed
Siberia's
delicate
(脆弱的)
ecological
balance.
2．The
climbers
stood
on
the
top
of
the
mountain，gazing
at
the
splendid
(壮丽的)
view.
3．Sunlight
consists
of
different
wavelengths
of
radiation
(辐射)．
4．Because
mother
is
afraid
we'll
get
lost，we
aren't
allowed
to
wander
(闲逛)
far.
5．Sometimes
they
just
drive
slowly
down
the
lane
enjoying
the
scenery
(风景)．
6．An
antelope
(羚羊)
is
an
animal
like
a
deer，which
lives
in
Africa
or
Asia.
7．We
needed
to
reskill
our
workforce
to
cope
with
massive
(巨大的)
technological
change.
8．In
the
middle
to
high
latitudes，rainfall
has
risen
steadily
(平稳地)
over
the
last
20－30
years.
9．The
Qinghai?Tibet
railway
is
the
first
railway
in
permafrost(永久冻土层)
region
in
China.
10．The
Eiffel
Tower
is
a
famous
landmark
(地标)．
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
Government
in
Tibet
has
denied
the
permanent
(永久的)
closure
of
Mount
Qomolangma
National
Nature
Reserve.
The
announcement
came
after
a
report
went
viral
online
claiming
the
base
camp
of
the
world's
highest
mountain
was
“permanently
closed
due
to
heavy
pollution”
and
caused
a
universal
misunderstanding.
Mount
Qomolangma
National
Nature
Reserve
was
set
up
in
1988.Covering
an
area
of
more
than
33，800
square
km，it
is
home
to
one
of
the
world's
weakest
ecosystems
(生态系统)．
Kelsang，deputy
director
of
the
reserves
administration，said
ordinary
tourists
are
allowed
to
visit
areas
around
Rongpo
Monastery，almost
5，000
metres
above
sea
level.As
for
travellers
who
have
a
climbing
permit，they
can
go
to
the
base
camp
at
an
altitude
of
5，200
metres.The
mountaineering
activities
have
been
permitted
by
the
regional
forestry
department.
To
conserve
the
environment
surrounding
Mount
Qomolangma，China
carried
out
three
major
clean?ups
at
an
altitude
of
5，200
metres
and
above，collecting
eight
tonnes
of
household
wastes，human
wastes
and
mountaineering
trash.This
year，the
clean?up
will
continue，and
the
remains
of
mountaineering
victims
(受害者)
above
8，000
metres
will
be
centrally
dealt
with
for
the
first
time.Meanwhile，the
number
of
people
who
stay
at
the
base
camp
will
be
kept
under
300.
Recently，there
are
85
wildlife
protectors
in
the
reserve，and
1，000
herders
have
part?time
jobs
going
around
and
cleaning
up
garbage.
These
measures
aim
to
strike
a
balance
between
various
demands
such
as
environmental
protection，local
poverty
relief，mountaineering
and
education，said
Wang
Shen，county
chief
of
Dingri
at
the
mountain
foot.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。报道说西藏自治区政府否认网传“珠穆朗玛峰景区永久关闭”的不实消息，并表示西藏珠穆朗玛峰保护区将继续有条件开放。
1．Which
of
the
following
can
replace
the
underlined
words
“went
viral”
in
Paragraph
2?
A．Spread
wild.
B．Blocked
out.
C．Gave
away.
D．Shot
up.
A [词义猜测题。根据画线词后“...caused
a
universal
misunderstanding”可知，一篇声称珠穆朗玛峰景区因污染严重而永久关闭的报道在网上疯传，引起了普遍的误解，由此可知，画线词词义为“疯传”，故选A。]
2．What
can
we
learn
according
to
Kelsang's
words
about
the
National
Nature
Reserve?
A．Most
tourists
are
allowed
to
visit
the
base
camp.
B．A
climbing
permit
is
a
must
for
visitors
going
to
the
base
camp.
C．The
mountaineering
activities
are
not
allowed
these
days.
D．The
areas
above
5，200
metres
are
open
to
everyone.
B [推理判断题。根据第四段“ordinary
tourists
are
allowed
to
visit...have
been
permitted
by
the
regional
forestry
department”可知，普通游客可以参观海拔5
000米的荣普寺周边地区，对于有登山许可证的游客，可参观海拔5
200米的大本营，登山活动已得到林业部门的批准，由此可知，去大本营的游客必须有登山许可，故选B。]
3．Why
did
the
government
carry
out
clean?ups
at
an
altitude
of
5，200
metres
and
above?
A．To
provide
a
much
easier
path
for
mountaineers.
B．To
keep
mountaineering
activities
going
smoothly.
C．To
remove
the
remains
of
mountaineering
victims.
D．To
protect
the
environment
of
Mount
Qomolangma.
D [细节理解题。根据第五段“To
conserve
the
environment...5，200
metres
and
above...”可知，为了保护珠穆朗玛峰周边的环境，中国政府在海拔5
200以上的地方进行了三次大清理，故选D。]
4．How
many
people
are
involved
in
the
cleaning
up
activities
at
present?
A．300.
B．1，000.
C．85.
D．1，085.
D [细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“there
are
85
wildlife
protectors...cleaning
up
garbage”可知，保护区里有85名野生动物保护者以及1
000名牧民做清理垃圾的兼职工作，共有1
085个人参与了清理工作，故选D。]
B
Your
personal
image，the
views
that
people
have
about
you，affects
your
success
in
every
aspect
of
life—
your
career，your
social
life，even
your
personal
relationships
with
others.Your
personal
image
has
a
number
of
elements，including
the
way
you
dress
and
the
colors
you
choose.
Let's
first
look
at
an
example
from
an
article
published
in
The
New
York
Times.It
reported
on
what
happened
when
two
young
men
attempted
to
get
an
online
service
executive
(主管)
to
give
them
$500，000
for
their
surfing
website.The
young
men
bought
new
suits
for
the
meeting
and
their
presentation
was
equally
buttoned
up
(寡言少语的)．After
just
five
minutes，the
executive
ended
the
meeting，saying
“They
are
real
surfers？”
A
couple
of
months
later
they
came
back
for
another
presentation.How
were
they
dressed
this
time?
Like
surfers－with
Hawaiian
shirts，shorts
and
sandals
(凉鞋)．In
addition，they
acted
the
part
in
everything
they
said
and
did.But
they
didn't
change
their
presentation
at
all.This
time，they
walked
out
with
the
$500，000
order.
This
isn't
the
only
example
that
shows
the
importance
of
dressing
correctly.
In
a
famous
experiment，two
men
approached
50
secretaries
each
in
the
same
building
to
see
which
one
could
best
get
past
the
secretaries
to
see
their
bosses.Both
used
the
same
approach，but
the
first
one
succeeded
24%
of
the
time，while
the
second
succeeded
a
surprising
60%
of
the
time!
Even
more
surprisingly，they
were
the
same
man.The
first
time
the
man
approached
the
50
secretaries，he
was
wearing
a
black
raincoat.The
secretaries
regarded
him
as
a
messenger
or
a
delivery
person
—
someone
who
should
not
be
allowed
to
get
in
to
see
their
bosses.When
he
approached
50
secretaries
the
second
time，he
wore
a
tan
raincoat.And
it
was
quite
another
story.
Clearly，the
way
he
dressed
made
a
huge
difference.He
now“looked
the
part”
and
this
gave
him
the
credibility
he
lacked
before.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过两个事例说明合适的穿着有助于我们成功。
5．Why
did
the
two
young
men
go
to
the
online
service
executive?
A．To
seek
advice
on
proper
dressing.
B．To
show
him
the
importance
of
a
real
surfer.
C．To
explain
the
process
of
building
a
website.
D．To
persuade
him
to
support
them
with
money.
D [细节理解题。根据第二段的“It
reported...attempted
to
get
an
online
service
executive
(主管)
to
give
them
$500，000
for
their
surfing
website.”可知，这两位年轻人是想要获得资金上的帮助。]
6．Why
did
the
two
young
men
succeed
the
second
time?
A．They
were
in
company
with
sellers.
B．They
appeared
professional
surfers.
C．They
received
the
training
in
acting.
D．They
improved
the
presentation
content.
B [推理判断题。根据第三段的“Like
surfers
—
with
Hawaiian
shirts，shorts
and
sandals
...they
acted
the
part”可推知，他们第二次成功了是因为他们看起来更专业了。]
7．What
does
the
author
mean
by
saying“it
was
quite
another
story”？
A．The
man
turned
out
to
be
a
storyteller.
B．The
man
was
dressed
more
fashionably
later.
C．The
man
was
thought
poorly
of
the
second
time.
D．The
man
succeeded
more
easily
the
second
time.
D [句意理解题。根据倒数第二段的“the
second
succeeded
a
surprising
60%
of
the
time”及“When
he
approached
...the
second
time，he
wore
a
tan
raincoat.”可推知，作者的意思是：那人第二次成功的几率大了很多。]
8．The
author
tells
the
two
stories
to
show
that
________．
A．we
are
what
we
wear
B．we
are
what
we
want
to
be
C．we
can
leave
good
impressions
D．we
can
succeed
with
a
better
approach
A [写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文主要是讲我们的穿着是我们个人形象很重要的一部分，得体的穿着可以帮助我们取得成功。]
Ⅲ.阅读七选五
In
a
culture
that
is
so
digitally
connected，more
basic，everyday
connections
(like
with
physical
neighbors)
seem
less
important.
1
Here
are
some
ways
that
you
can
make
your
neighborhood
a
lovelier
place
to
live.
Celebrate
the
kids
in
the
community.Children
are
really
the
lifeblood
of
a
neighborhood.
2
Plan
a
back?to?school
party
or
a
giant
birthday
party
for
all
the
kids
in
the
neighborhood.Make
the
little
members
of
your
community
feel
loved
and
seen.
3
Start
a
community
garden
or
arrange
a
play
space
for
children
in
a
dead
end
or
court.Encouraging
the
creation
of
spaces
that
members
of
the
community
have
a
vested
interest(既得利益)in
will
create
pride
and
connection
in
your
neighborhood.It
will
also
provide
more
opportunities
for
people
to
run
into
and
get
to
know
one
another.
Focus
on
communication.It's
easy
to
become
isolated
(孤立的)
from
your
neighbors
without
a
clear
method
of
communication.If
your
neighbors
are
comfortable
with
it，make
a
list
of
names，addresses，and
numbers
that
can
be
emailed
to
the
whole
block.Or
start
a
Facebook
group
for
your
community.
4
Treat
others
as
you
would
want
them
to
treat
you.If
you
want
your
neighborhood
to
be
a
much
lovelier
place
to
live，then
begin
treating
the
people
around
you
as
you
would
want
to
be
treated.Help
people
with
their
groceries.
5
Cook
people
dinner.Be
a
servant
to
the
people
around
you
and
your
neighborhood
will
be
transformed
by
selflessness
and
love.
A．Know
your
neighbors.
B．Pick
up
trash
in
the
street.
C．Develop
community
spaces.
D．They
are
the
ones
spending
the
most
time
outside
playing.
E．But
caring
for
your
neighborhood
will
make
living
there
a
great
pleasure.
F．People
in
your
neighborhood
will
look
forward
to
this
celebration
every
year.
G．Whatever
way
you
choose，make
sure
all
members
of
the
community
are
included.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何让自己居住的社区更宜居。
1．E [此空设于段中，与上句存在转折关系。虽然数字时代下与现实中邻居的联系似乎不那么重要了，但是关爱社区邻居会让你在那里生活愉快。]
2．D [此空设于段中，与上句存在指代关系。此处的They指代上句提到的Children。]
3．C [此空设于段首，是本段主题句。本段内容主要围绕开发社区空间展开。]
4．G [此空设于段尾，是一个总结句，是对前面所说内容的总结：无论你选择哪种方式，都要确保社区的所有成员都包括在内。]
5．B [此空设于段中，与上句、下句存在并列关系。这三句列举了三种服务社区的方式。]
7/7现在完成进行时
[观察例句]
观察下列句子，并指出黑体部分的时态及语法作用
1．He
has
been
writing
a
novel，which
will
be
finished
next
month.
现在完成进行时 表示未完成的动作
2．He
has
written
a
novel，which
is
being
prepared
to
come
out
now.
现在完成时 表示动作已经完成
3．I
have
been
visiting
my
hometown
recently，and
it
impresses
me
differently
each
time.
现在完成进行时 表示动作的重复
4．I
have
visited
my
hometown
recently，whose
changes
have
left
a
deep
impression
on
me.
现在完成时 表示一次性动作
5．Recently
she
has
always
been
helping
me.
现在完成进行时 具有感彩
6．Recently
she
has
helped
me
a
lot.
现在完成时 陈述一种事实
[归纳用法]
一、现在完成进行时
1．基本结构：have/has
been
doing
2．基本用法：
(1)表示一个在过去开始，而在最近刚刚结束的动作
We
have
been
waiting
for
you
for
half
an
hour.(动作刚结束)
我们一直等了你半个小时。
I'm
rather
tired.I
have
been
playing
basketball
since
breakfast.(动作刚结束)
我很累。自从吃过早饭以来一直在打篮球。
(2)表示一个从过去开始，持续到现在并将继续进行的动作
The
Chinese
have
been
making
paper
for
over
two
thousand
years.(动作还将继续下去)
中国人已有2
000多年的造纸历史。
I
have
been
learning
English
since
three
years
ago.(动作还将继续下去)
自从三年前以来我一直在学英语。
(3)表示一个从过去开始延续到现在，可以包括现在在内的一个阶段内，重复发生的动作，通常表示一种感彩(关切、惊异、愤怒、赞许等)。
You
have
been
coughing
a
lot
lately.(关切)
近来你一直咳嗽。
Too
much
has
been
happening
today.(感慨)
今天真是个多事的日子啊。
He
has
always
been
studying
hard.(赞许)
他学习一直很刻苦。
[即学即练1] 单句语法填空
①Inventors
have
been
trying
(try)
to
make
flying
cars
since
the
1930s.
②Dashan，who
has
been
learning
(learn)
crosstalk，the
Chinese
comedic
tradition，for
decades，wants
to
mix
it
up
with
the
Western
stand?up
tradition.
③—Excuse
me，which
movie
are
you
waiting
for?
—The
new
Star
Wars.We
have
been
waiting
(wait)
here
for
more
than
two
hours.
④—Tony，why
are
your
eyes
red?
—I
have
been
cutting(cut)
up
peppers
for
the
last
five
minutes.
⑤It
is
reported
that
the
project
has
been
completed
(complete)．
二、现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别
1．现在完成时强调动作的完成，而现在完成进行时强调动作的延续或反复，因此，表示动作的完成，只能用现在完成时，而不能用现在完成进行时。
I
have
written
a
book.(动作已经完成)
我已经写了一本书。
They
have
been
building
a
bridge.(动作还将继续下去)他们一直在建造一座桥。
2．现在完成时强调动作行为的结果、影响，而现在完成进行时只强调动作行为本身。
The
repairman
has
been
repairing
the
car
all
the
afternoon.
整个下午，这位修理工一直在修那辆车。
The
repairman
has
repaired
your
car，and
you
can
have
it
now.
修理工已修好了你的车，现在你可以把它开走。
[名师点津]
有些动词不能用于现在完成进行时，但可用于现在完成时，这些动词为：
状态动词：be，have，exist等；
情感动词：like，love，hate等；
感官动词：see，hear，know，feel，sound等；
短暂性动词：finish，marry，get
up，come，go
等。
I
have
known
him
for
years.
我认识他已经好几年了。
They
have
finished
the
work.
他们已经完成了工作。
[即学即练2] 单句语法填空
①There
has
existed
(exist)
an
old
temple
since
the
Ming
Dynasty.
②I
have
been
teaching
(teach)
English
for
almost
twenty
years，and
I
will
step
in
another
new
teaching
year.
③He
hasn't
felt
(not
feel)
himself
since
yesterday.
④The
manager
has
been
telling(tell)
the
workers
how
to
improve
the
program
since
9
a．m.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．In
the
last
few
years，China
has
made
(make)
great
achievements
in
this
field.
2．Despite
the
previous
rounds
of
talks，no
agreement
has
been
reached
(reach)
so
far.
3．Marty
has
been
working
(work)
hard
on
his
book
and
he'll
have
finished
it
by
Friday.
4．They
have
been
working
(work)
on
the
perfection
of
the
new
model.
5．Oh
no！We're
too
late.The
train
has
left
(leave)．
6．He
has
been
reading(read)
in
the
library
since
it
opened
this
morning.
7．—Take
a
break，Amy.You
have
been
practising
(practise)
the
piano
all
the
morning.
—I'd
like
to，but
this
time
next
week
I
will
be
giving
a
concert
at
the
concert
hall.
8．Tom
has
been
working
(work)
in
the
library
every
day
over
the
last
three
months.
9．I
have
been
writing
letters
this
morning
and
I
have
written
for
four
hours
so
far.(write)
10．—What
bad
weather!
I
am
sick
of
it
here.
—So
am
I．It
has
been
raining
(rain)
since
last
Friday.Wish
we
could
see
the
sun
tomorrow.
Ⅱ.短文语法填空
My
wish
is
1.to
go(go)
to
a
key
university.I
2.have
been
studying(study)
for
many
years.But
I
3.have
been(be)
poor
in
English
since
I
went
to
junior
school.My
English
teacher
insists
4.on
my
listening
and
writing.I
5.have
been
listening(listen)
English
every
morning
to
improve
it.Because
I
6.have
been
wasting(waste)
a
lot
of
time，it
is
hard
to
catch
up
with
other
students.After
7.going(go)
to
high
school，I
8.have
been
staying(stay)
up
late
into
the
night
and
9.have
been
getting(get)
up
early
in
the
morning.I
10.have
been
writing(write)
two
compositions
every
day.I
think
I
should
spare
no
effort
to
improve
my
English
and
achieve
my
dream.
4/4Ⅰ.匹配词义
a．单词匹配
( )1.landmark
A.
adj.
西藏的
( )2.permafrost
B.
n.
a
large
area
of
open
land
covered
with
wild
grass
( )3.Tibetan
C.
n.
地标
( )4.plateau
D.
n.
永久冻土层
( )5.grassland
E.
n.
an
area
of
flat
land
higher
than
the
land
around
it
[答案] 1—5 CDAEB
b．短语匹配
( )1.among
the
top
concerns
A.空闲时
( )2.catch
one's
eye
B.使……更有趣，
使……更生动
( )3.reach
out
C.最重要的事情之一
( )4.bring...to
life
D.引起某人的注意
( )5.at
one's
leisure
E.伸出
[答案] 1—5 CDEBA
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．massive
adj.
巨大的
2．splendid
adj.
壮丽的
3．delicate
adj.
脆弱的
4．leisure
n.
空闲，闲暇
5．steadily
adv.
平稳地
6．radiation
n.
辐射
7．mirror?like
adj.
如镜面般的
8．wander
v.
徘徊
9．scenery
n.
风景，景色
10．wetland
n.
湿地
Ⅰ.语境填空
scenery，massive，splendid，radiation，delicate，wander，landmark，grassland，leisure，plateau
1．The
explosion
made
a
massive
hole
in
the
ground.
2．All
mobile
phones
give
off
a
small
amount
of
radiation
when
in
use.
3．She
wandered
aimlessly
around
the
streets
yesterday.
4．Most
of
them
are
extremely
delicate
and
can
be
damaged
by
a
simple
touch.
5．The
architecture
is
a
successful
combination
of
the
old
and
the
new，and
looks
splendid．
6．There
is
no
scenery
comparable
to
that
of
the
West
Lake.
7．There
is
good
grassland
here
for
your
cattle
and
horses
to
graze
on.
8．As
the
river
drops
from
the
plateau，it
forms
great
waterfalls.
9．These
days
we
have
more
money
and
more
leisure
to
enjoy
it.
10．The
Empire
State
Building
is
a
familiar
landmark
on
the
New
York
skyline.
Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词
1．A
wanderer
(wander)
keeps
travelling
from
place
to
place
without
permanent
home.
2．China's
image
is
improving
steadily
(steady)，with
its
role
in
international
affairs.
3．They
suffer
from
health
problems
and
fear
the
long
term
effects
of
radiation
(radiate)．
4．Families
who
bring
up
massively
(massive)
handicapped
children
often
find
the
stress
too
much
for
them.
1．Sitting
back
in
my
seat，I
can't
quite
believe
that
I'm
about
to
travel
along
the
railway
that
many
foreign
experts
claimed
was
“impossible”．
靠坐在座位上，我不太相信自己将要沿着这条许多外国专家断言“不可能建成”的铁路旅行。
2．The
words
“railways
like
massive
dragons
are
winding
among
the
mountains”
seem
particularly
vivid
as
I
travel
across
the“roof
of
the
world”．
当我穿越“世界屋脊”时，“一条条巨龙翻山越岭”这句歌词显得格外生动。
3．Thirty?three
passages
have
been
built
under
the
railway
to
allow
the
animals
to
move
safely
and
freely
in
their
natural
habitat.
为了让这些动物在它们的自然栖息地安全、自由地活动，在这条铁路下面修建了33条通道。
4．In
locations
such
as
this，the
thin
air，changeable
weather
and
high
levels
of
UV
radiation
presented
perhaps
the
greatest
challenge
for
railway
workers.
在这样的地方，稀薄的空气、多变的天气和强烈的紫外线辐射可能是铁路工人面临的最大挑战。
词语助读
①claim
v．宣称，声明
②steadily
adv.平稳地
③massive
adj.巨大的
④wind
v．蜿蜒；曲折而行
⑤particularly
adv.特别，尤其
⑥vivid
adj.生动的，栩栩如生的
[1]Sitting
back
in
my
seat是现在分词短语作状语。
⑦Qinghai?Tibet
Railway青藏铁路，称青藏线，是一条连接青海省西宁市至西藏自治区拉萨市的国铁Ⅰ级铁路，是中国新世纪四大工程之一，是通往西藏腹地的第一条铁路，也是世界上海拔最高、线路最长的高原铁路。
⑧overcome
v．克服
⑨delicate
adj.脆弱的
⑩ecosystem
n．生态系统
[2]Taking
years
to
complete是现在分词短语作状语，表示时间。
?splendid
adj.壮丽的
?permafrost
n．永久冻土层
?Tibetan
antelope藏羚羊
?habitat
n．栖息地
?totally
adv.完全地
?unaware
adj.无意识的
[3]此处是with复合结构，表示伴随。
?length
n．长，长度
?wetland
n．湿地
?distinct
adj.明显不同的
?Tanggula
Station唐古拉站，是青藏铁路上的一座铁路车站，位于青海省格尔木市唐古拉山镇与西藏自治区那曲地区安多县的交界处，是中国铁路青藏集团有限公司下属的一座五等站，于2006年7月1日随青藏铁路格拉段启用。
changeable
adj.可能变化的；易变的
UV
radiation紫外线辐射
stay
healthy保持健康
oxygen?making
station制氧站
[4]Located
at
over
5，000
metres
above
sea
level是过去分词短语作状语。
achievement
n．成就；功绩
construction
waste建筑垃圾
reach
out伸出
mirror?like如镜面般的
wander
v．徘徊
[5]句中的water
birds
playing；
cattle
and
sheep
wandering
the
grasslands是动词?ing复合结构，作主语。
Qinghai?Tibet
Plateau青藏高原，亚洲内陆高原，是中国最大、世界海拔最高的高原，被称为“世界屋脊”、“第三极”。
attract
v．吸引
thanks
to幸亏，由于
magical
adj.魔幻般的
extraordinary
adj.非凡的
原文呈现
The
Sky
Railway
1．Sitting
back
in
my
seat
[1]，I
can't
quite
believe
that
I'm
about
to
travel
along
the
railway
that
many
foreign
experts
claimed①
was
“impossible”.
The
train
has
been
racing
along
steadily②
since
it
left
Xining.All
this
time，the
song
“Sky
Railway”
has
been
playing
inside
my
head.The
words
“railways
like
massive③
dragons
are
winding④
among
the
mountains”
seem
particularly⑤
vivid⑥
as
I
travel
across
the
“roof
of
the
world”．
2．I
was
one
of
the
people
who
came
from
all
parts
of
China
to
work
on
this
railway.Taking
years
to
complete[2],
the
Qinghai?Tibet
Railway⑦
is
a
record
of
all
of
our
efforts
to
overcome⑧
the
most
difficult
engineering
challenges.
How
to
protect
the
delicate⑨
ecosystem⑩
was
among
the
top
concerns.
3．The
first
landmark
to
catch
my
eye
is
the
splendid?
Qingshuihe
Bridge，the
world's
longest
bridge
built
over
permafrost?.Look!
A
group
of
Tibetan
antelopes?
is
moving
under
the
bridge，with
some
stopping
to
eat
grass
at
their
leisure
[3].
Thirty?three
passages
have
been
built
under
the
railway
to
allow
the
animals
to
move
safely
and
freely
in
their
natural
habitat?.Wild
animals
such
as
these
Tibetan
antelopes
have
now
been
using
these
passages
for
years.They
seem
totally?
unaware?
that
we
are
speeding
past
at
over
100
kilometres
an
hour.
4．To
prevent
damage
to
wetlands
and
grasslands，675
bridges
with
a
total
length?
of
about
160
kilometres
were
built
between
Golmud
and
Lhasa.We
even
moved
140，000
square
metres
of
wetland?
to
a
new
area
in
order
to
protect
its
distinct?
ecosystem.
5．The
journey
has
been
flying
by，and
before
I
know
it，we
have
reached
Tanggula
Station?.Located
at
over
5，000
metres
above
sea
level
[4]，this
is
the
highest
railway
station
in
the
world.In
locations
such
as
this，the
thin
air，changeableweather
and
high
levels
of
UV
radiation
presented
perhaps
the
greatest
challenge
for
railway
workers.To
make
sure
we
stayed
healthy，several
oxygen?making
stations
were
constructed.We
were
also
able
to
enjoy
regular
breaks
in
lower
areas.
6．As
we
pass
Cuona
Lake，I
feel
a
sense
of
pride
and
achievement.Using
thousands
and
thousands
of
sandbags，we
built
a
twenty?kilometre
wall
along
the
lake
to
protect
it
from
construction
waste.Cuona
Lake
is
so
close
to
the
railway
that
I
want
to
reach
out
and
touch
its
pale
blue
mirror?like
surface.Water
birds
playing
in
the
lake，and
cattle
and
sheep
wandering
the
grasslands
[5]
bring
the
scenery
to
life.
7．The
Qinghai?Tibet
Plateau
has
been
attracting
people's
admiration
for
centuries.Now，thanks
to
our
efforts，passengers
from
all
over
the
country
have
been
enjoying
these
magical
landscapes.I
am
proud
that
we
built
our
“impossible”
railway，and
did
so
with
the
care
that
the
environment
deserves.It
truly
is
an
extraordinary
“Sky
Railway”．
译文参考
天 路
1．靠坐在座位上，我不太相信自己将要沿着这条许多外国专家断言“不可能建成”的铁路旅行。这列火车离开西宁后一直在平稳地行驶。这段时间，一直在我脑海里回想着“天路”这首歌。当我穿越“世界屋脊”时，“一条条巨龙翻山越岭”这句歌词显得格外生动。
2．我是从中国各地来这条铁路工作的人之一。青藏铁路用了几年的时间才建成，它记录了我们为克服最困难的工程方面的挑战所作的一切努力。如何保护(这里)脆弱的生态系统是人们最关心的问题之一。
3．第一个吸引我眼球的地标是壮丽的清水河大桥，世界上最长的建在永久冻土层上的桥。看！一群藏羚羊正从桥下通过，有几只停下来在从容地吃草。为了让这些动物能够在它们的自然栖息地安全、自由地活动，在这条铁路下面修建了33条通道。像这些藏羚羊之类的野生动物使用这些通道已经有数年了。它们似乎完全不知道我们正以每小时100公里的速度飞驰而过。
4．为防止破坏湿地和草原，在格尔木和拉萨之间修建了675座桥梁，总长约160公里。我们甚至把14万平方米的湿地移到一个新的地区，以保护它独特的生态系统。
5．火车一路急驰，不知不觉中我们就到了唐古拉站。这是世界上海拔最高的火车站，海拔5
000多米。在这样的地方，稀薄的空气、多变的天气和强烈的紫外线辐射可能是铁路工人面临的最大挑战。为了确保我们身体健康，建造了几个制氧站。我们还可以在较低的区域定期休整。
6．当我们经过措那湖时，我有一种自豪和成就感。我们用成千上万的沙袋，在湖边筑起了一堵20公里长的墙，以保护这个湖面免受建筑垃圾的污染。措那湖离铁路那么近，因此我想伸手去触摸它那淡蓝色的如镜的湖面。湖中水鸟嬉戏，草原上牛羊漫步，使景色更加生动有趣。
7．青藏高原几百年来一直是人们向往的地方。现在，由于我们的努力，来自全国各地的旅客都在欣赏这些神奇的风景。我为我们建成了“不可能”的铁路而感到骄傲，我们这么做是因为环境应得到保护。它确实是一条非凡的“天路”。
7/71．steady
adj.平稳的→steadily
adv.平稳地
2．delicate
adj.脆弱的→delicately
adv.脆弱地
3．splendid
adj.壮丽的→splendidly
adv.壮丽地
4．wander
v．徘徊→wanderer
n．流浪者；漂泊者
5．radiate
v．辐射→radiation
n．辐射
wander
v．徘徊；漫游；闲逛；游荡；走神
1．During
these
waits,
the
brain
slips
away
from
the
body
and
wanders
about
until
the
water
runs
over
the
edge
of
the
counter
and
onto
your
socks.
(思想)开小差，走神
2．The
boys
wandered
around
the
town
with
nothing
to
do
yesterday
evening.
漫步；闲逛
Words
and
Phrases
知识要点1 put
into
operation投入运行；(使)施行；(使)实行；(使)生效
(教材P62) In
which
year
was
the
completed
Qinghai?Tibet
Railway
put
into
operation?
建成的青藏铁路是哪一年投入运行的？
[例] Over
the
next
year，Beijing
will
put
into
operation
three
new
mass
transit
lines.
明年一年，北京三条新的主要运输线将投入运营。
[知识拓展]
put
into
practice
实施；实行；实践
put
into
effect
实施(计划)；实现(想法)
put
into
prison
关进监狱；监禁；投入监狱
put
into
use
投入使用；使用，利用
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①This
all
looks
simple
on
paper
but
is
hard
to
put
into
practice.
②The
new
methods
were
put
(put)
into
use
following
the
meeting.
③The
project
which
was
agreed
on
last
month
will
be
put
into
operation
soon.
上个月通过的那个工程很快就要操作了。
知识要点2 among
the
top
concerns最重要的事情之一
(教材P63) How
to
protect
the
delicate
ecosystem
was
among
the
top
concerns.
如何保护(这里)脆弱的生态系统是人们最关心的问题之一。
[例] As
we
know，these
issues
are
now
among
the
top
concerns
for
public
health
in
every
region
of
the
world.
众所周知，这些问题现已成为世界各地公共卫生领域最令人关注的问题。
[知识拓展]
(1)express
concern
for
sb.
表达对某人的关心
concern
oneself
about/for...
为……担心
(2)be
concerned
about/for...
对……担忧/忧虑
be
concerned
with...
与……有关的
(3)as
far
as
sb.
is
concerned
就某人而言
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①This
country
has
launched
a
campaign
to
ban
smoking
in
public
places，which
is
concerned
with
most
people.
②She
concerns
herself
about
/for
her
son's
future.
③As
far
as
I
am
concerned，parents
are
too
concerned
about/for
the
future
of
their
children.
在我看来，父母太过于关心他们孩子的未来了。
[小片段填空]
As
far
as
I
am
concerned，educators
should
be
concerned
about
the
problems
that
are
concerned
with
the
healthy
growth
of
the
children.
知识要点3 catch
one's
eye引起某人注意；引人瞩目
(教材P63) The
first
landmark
to
catch
my
eye
is
the
splendid
Qingshuihe
Bridge，the
world's
longest
bridge
built
over
permafrost.
第一个吸引我眼球的地标是壮丽的清水河大桥，世界上最长的建在永久冻土层上的桥。
[例] The
beautiful
flowers
catch
my
eye
when
I
am
crossing
the
city
garden.
当我穿过城市花园的时候，那些美丽的鲜花吸引了我的目光。
[知识拓展]
keep
an
eye
on
注意，留意
have
a
good
eye
for
对……有眼光/鉴赏力
look
sb.
in
the
eye
直视(正视)某人
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Please
keep
an
eye
on
the
stove
in
case
the
milk
boils.
②He
has
a
good
eye
for
detail
and
notices
almost
everything.
③Can
you
look
me
in
the
eye
and
tell
me
you're
not
lying?
④He
was
walking
in
the
park
when
a
massive
dark
cloud
caught
his
eye．
他正在公园里散步，这时一大片乌云映入眼帘。
知识要点4 at
one's
leisure
空闲时
(教材P63) A
group
of
Tibetan
antelopes
is
moving
under
the
bridge，with
some
stopping
to
eat
grass
at
their
leisure.
一群藏羚羊正从桥下通过，有几只停下来在从容地吃草。
[例] He
could
read
all
the
national
papers
at
his
leisure.
空闲时他可以阅读所有的全国性报纸。
[知识拓展]
at
one's
best
某人处于最佳状态
at
one's
convenience
在某人方便的时候
at
one's
service
听凭某人吩咐
at
one's
heels
紧跟在……后面
[即学即练] 选用上述短语填空
①You
had
better
think
over
the
matter
at
your
leisure．
②I
wasn't
feeling
at
my
best
at
the
party
so
I
didn't
enjoy
it.
③The
thief
ran
off
with
an
angry
crowd
at
his
heels．
④I
told
my
professor
I
would
be
at
his
service．
知识要点5 reach
out伸出(手)
(教材P63) Cuona
Lake
is
so
close
to
the
railway
that
I
want
to
reach
out
and
touch
its
pale
blue
mirror?like
surface.
措那湖离铁路那么近，因此我想伸手去触摸它那淡蓝色的如镜的湖面。
[例] I
could
almost
reach
out
and
grab
it
right
then
and
there.
当时在那儿我几乎伸手就能把它抓住了。
[知识拓展]
reach
out
to
sb.
向某人提供帮助
reach
an
agreement
达成协议
out
of/beyond
one's
reach
某人够不到
within
one's
reach/within
the
reach
of
sb.
在某人可以承受的范围内
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The
purpose
of
the
meeting
was
to
reach
an
agreement
on
next
year's
prices.
②The
shelf
is
so
high
that
it
is
beyond
my
reach.
③The
new
mobile
phone
is
priced
well
within
the
reach
of
most
people.
④When
you
need
help，reach
out
to
the
people
who
care
about
you.
当你需要帮助时，向那些关心你的人寻求帮助。
知识要点6 (教材P63) Water
birds
playing
in
the
lake，and
cattle
and
sheep
wandering
the
grasslands
bring
the
scenery
to
life.
湖中水鸟嬉戏，草原上牛羊漫步，使景色更加生动有趣。
(1)wander
v．漫游；游荡；闲逛；徘徊；走神
[例] Half
way
through
the
meeting
my
mind
started
to
wander.
会议开到了一半，我开始走神了。
[知识拓展]
wander
off
漫步；漫游；离群走散
wander
about/around
徘徊；流浪；漫步
wander
from
离题；离开；走神
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Instead
of
going
straight，they
always
wander
off
to
one
side
or
the
other.
②Don't
let
your
mind
wander
from
the
main
point
as
issue.
③He
loves
to
wander
about/around
the
beach
with
little
on
to
show
off
his
muscles.
④The
child
was
found
wandering
in
the
streets
alone．
那孩子被发现独自在大街上闲逛。
(2)bring...(back)to
life带给……生机；使复活；使苏醒了过来；使……更有趣
[例] They
brought
the
drowned
swimmer
back
to
life.
他们使溺水的游泳者苏醒了过来。
[知识拓展]
bring
about
引起；使掉头
bring
up
提出；教育；养育；呕吐
bring
out
出版，生产；使显示；说出
bring
in
引进；生产；增加
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①What
brought
about
the
change
in
his
attitude?
②The
firm
decided
to
bring
in
a
new
management
team.
③He
was
so
shocked
that
he
could
hardly
bring
out
a
word.
④It
is
said
that
she
is
a
doctor
who
can
bring
the
dying
to
life．
据说她是个妙手回春的医生。
(3)scenery
n．风景，景色；场面，景观
[例] There
is
no
scenery
comparable
to
that
of
the
West
Lake.
西湖之景无与伦比。
[名辨异同] scenery/scene/sight/view
scenery
指自然景色的全称，常用来描述静态的乡村景色；
scene
指包含人的活动的风景，属于scenery的一部分；
sight
“风景，名胜”，常用复数形式，指人文景观；
view
即指从某处所见的景色；也可指“观点、看法”。
[即学即练] 选词填空(scenery/scene/sight/view)
①Do
you
remember
the
scene
in
the
play
where
Susan
meets
Alan
for
the
first
time?
②We
passed
through
some
beautiful
scenery
on
our
journey
through
the
Lake
District.
③You'll
get
a
fine
view
of
the
town
from
the
top
of
the
hill.
④The
Great
Wall
is
one
of
the
most
breathtaking
sights
in
the
world.
⑤If
you
stand
on
the
stage
and
share
your
view
of
the
world，people
will
connect
with
you.
Sentence
Pattern
重点句式 be
about
to
do
sth.
将要做某事
(教材P62) Sitting
back
in
my
seat，I
can't
quite
believe
that
I'm
about
to
travel
along
the
railway
that
many
foreign
experts
claimed
was
“impossible”．
靠坐在座位上，我不太相信自己将要沿着这条许多外国专家断言“不可能建成”的铁路旅行。
句式分析：be
about
to
do
sth.
表示“将要做某事”，一般不与表示将来的具体的时间状语连用。它常与并列连词when构成
“be
about
to
do
sth....when...”句型，表示
“正要做某事，这时(突然)……”。
[例1] We
are
about
to
start
off.
我们就要出发了。
[例2] He
was
just
about
to
stand
up
when
the
teacher
came
in.
他刚要站起来，这时老师进来了。
[知识拓展]
将来时的其他表达法：
(1)will/shall＋do：一般将来时最基本的表达方法，表示即将发生的动作，也可表示临时决定做某事。
(2)be
going
to
do：表示打算、计划要做某事或有迹象表明要发生的动作。
(3)be
to
do：表示预先安排好的计划或约定，也可表示注定要发生的事。
(4)现在进行时：表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作，有此用法的动词多为go，come，leave等趋向性动词。
(5)一般现在时：表示按规定、时间表、日程安排要发生的动作，句中常常有时间状语，但只限于少数动词，如begin，come，leave，go，arrive，start，return
等。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①As
I
was
about
to
give
(give)
up
hope，a
man
driving
an
old
dirty
car
came
to
my
aid.
②We
were
about
to
climb
up
the
mountain
when
it
began
to
rain
heavily.
③—The
movie
starts
(start)
at
8：30，and
we
can
have
a
quick
bite
of
our
dinner
before
we
go.
—Sounds
great.See
you
at
8：10.
④It's
10
o'clock
now.It
seems
that
she
is
going
to
be
late.
现在已经十点了，她似乎要迟到了。
1．(教材P62－63)Taking
years
to
complete，the
Qinghai?Tibet
Railway
is
a
record
of
all
of
our
efforts
to
overcome
the
most
difficult
engineering
challenges.
[分析] 本句为简单句。Taking
years
to
complete为v.?ing短语作状语，take与其逻辑主语the
Qinghai?Tibet
Railway之间为主谓关系，故用v.?ing形式。不定式短语to
overcome...challenges在句中作后置定语，修饰
efforts。
[译文] 青藏铁路用了几年的时间才建成，它记录了我们为克服最困难的工程方面的挑战所作的一切努力。
2．(教材P63)The
first
landmark
to
catch
my
eye
is
the
splendid
Qingshuihe
Bridge，the
world's
longest
bridge
built
over
permafrost.
[分析] 本句为简单句。因landmark
前有序数词The
first
修饰，故此处用不定式短语作后置定语。the
world's...permafrost为Qingshuihe
Bridge的同位语，其中built
over
permafrost为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰bridge，built与bridge之间为逻辑上的动宾关系。
[译文] 第一个吸引我眼球的地标是壮丽的清水河大桥，世界上最长的建在永久冻土层上的桥。
教材
高考
Water
birds
playing
in
the
lake，and
cattle
and
sheep
wandering
the
grasslands
bring
the
scenery
to
life.
(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Discover
the
China
of“past
ages，”its
walled
cities，temples
and
mountain
scenery
with
Prof.Robert
Thorp
(2019·浙江卷)They
help
to
discourage
the
sea
birds
from
wandering
onto
the
highway.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．You
can
take
the
documents
home
and
study
them
at
your
leisure.
2．I
was
wandering
(wander)
in
the
street
when
I
heard
someone
call
my
name.
3．Scientists
claimed
to
have
made
(make)
a
breakthrough
in
the
fighting
against
cancer.
4．Since
the
1930s，cancer
has
always
been
ranked
as
the
disease
people
are
most
concerned
(concern)
about.
5．If
she
refuses
to
follow
the
rules
about
car
safety，she
won't
be
allowed
to
use
(use)
the
car.
6．What
changeable
(change)
weather，fine
one
moment，raining
the
next!
7．Deeply
moved
by
her
performance，the
whole
audience
clapped
with
admiration
(admire)．
8．More
local
employment
will
be
created，particularly
(particular)
in
service
industry.
9．This
is
a
new
ship
and
has
been
put
into
operation
recently.
10．Who
was
the
last
to
finish
(finish)
the
marathon
that
day?
Ⅱ.短语填空
be
located
at，reach
out，catch
one's
eye，fly
by，bring...to
life，protect...from...，damage
to，at
one's
leisure，make
sure，a
sense
of
1．There
is
little
preparation
of
the
damage
to
the
natural
environment.
2．You'd
better
make
sure
you
have
adequate
time
to
prepare
for
the
new
day
ahead.
3．The
cold
weather
will
cause
the
plants
to
die
so
they
should
be
protected
from
the
cold.
4．Days
just
fly
by
because
there
is
simply
a
lot
that
needs
to
be
done.
5．I'll
come
back
to
see
you
at
my
leisure．
6．I
am
able
to
reach
out
to
others
and
bridge
the
gap
between
different
cultures.
7．Chongming
Island，China's
third
largest
island，is
located
at
the
mouth
of
the
Yangtze
River.
8．Bringing
up
a
child
alone
should
give
you
a
sense
of
achievement.
9．The
shy
man
at
the
back
of
the
class
caught
my
eye．
10．The
painter's
splendid
skills
in
painting
have
brought
his
painting
to
life．
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
With
the
song
“Sky
Railway”
1.playing
(play)
inside
my
head，I
am
travelling
along
the
“impossible”
railway
across
the
“roof
of
the
world”．As
a
worker
who
worked
on
the
railway
myself，I
know
clearly
that
we
have
overcome
lots
of
2.difficulties(difficulty)
because
we
had
to
protect
the
delicate
ecosystem
all
along
the
way.
3．To
protect
(protect)
the
wild
animals，we
built
the
splendid
Qingshuihe
Bridge
to
allow
the
animals
to
move
under
the
bridge
4.freely
(free)
and
safely
in
their
natural
habitat.To
prevent
damage
to
wetlands
and
grasslands，we
built
675
bridges
between
Golmud
and
Lhasa，5.which
measure
about
160
kilometres
in
total.What's
more，to
make
sure
that
the
workers
on
the
railway
stayed
6.healthy
(health)，several
oxygen?making
stations
7.were
built
(build)．In
order
to
protect
Cuona
Lake
8.from/against
construction
waste，we
used
thousands
and
thousands
of
sandbags
to
build
a
wall
along
the
lake.
Thanks
to
our
efforts，all
the
wild
animals
and
the
whole
natural
ecosystem
are
well
protected
along
the“Sky
Railway”．I
am
filled
with
9.a
sense
of
pride
and
achievement.We
10.constructed
(construct)
our
“Sky
Railway”，which
was
considered
to
be
“impossible”
by
foreign
experts.
9/9写——一则招聘广告
[基本框架]
1．开头(beginning)——招聘的职位
2．主体(body)——职位的具体要求
3．结尾(ending)——期待
[常用词块]
1．be
in
good
condition身体健康
2．have
some
relevant
knowledge
about...有……方面的相关知识
3．be
qualified
for...有……资格
4．spare
no
effort
to
do
sth.不遗余力地做某事
5．be
skilled
at擅长
6．a
graduate
of
a
key
university一位重点大学的毕业生
[常用语句]
精彩开头
1．Our
company
is
looking
for
an
editor
for
our
newspaper.
我们公司正在寻求一位报纸编辑。
2．An
experienced
driver
is
wanted
in
our
company.
我们公司需要一位有经验的司机。
3．Our
school
decides
to
invite
an
international
student
to
work
as
an
English
study
advisor
next
term.
我们学校决定下学期邀请一名国际学生担任英语学习顾问。
正文佳句
1．The
other
is
to
pick
out
articles
from
students
in
our
school
and
edit
them
for
use.
另一个是从我们学校的学生那里挑选文章并编辑使用。
2．First，he/she
is
willing
to
devote
some
of
the
spare
time
to
serving
others.
首先，他/她愿意奉献一些为他人服务的空闲时间。
3．It's
necessary
for
him/her
to
be
good
at
both
English
and
arts.
他/她必须精通英语和艺术。
余味结尾
1．Payment
for
the
service
will
be
discussed
during
the
interview.
服务费用将在面试期间讨论。
2．If
you
are
interested
in
the
position，please
email
us.
如果你对这个职位感兴趣，请给我们发邮件。
3．Those
who
are
interested
in
the
job，please
get
in
touch
with
the
Students'
Union
this
week.
那些对此工作感兴趣的人，请于本周与学生会联系。
假定你是正在新西兰留学的李华。你校将和当地动物保护组织合作绘制一系列墙体宣传画。请你写一份招聘广告在你校招聘一批志愿者帮助完成这项工作。内容包括：
1．宣传主题：提高公众的野生动物保护意识；
2．志愿者的条件；
3．活动时间；
4．报名方式和截止时间。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
[学生习作]
Volunteers
Needed!
In
order
to
raise
public
awareness
of
wildlife
protection
in
the
whole
society，our
school
will
cooperate
with
the
local
animal
protection
organisation
to
create
a
series
of
posters
on
the
walls.Some
volunteers
are
needed
to
help
complete
the
work.The
project
will
take
place
on
weekends.Please
sign
up
at
the
Students'
Union
before
July
11th.
点评：
1．遗漏要点：志愿者的条件。
2．通篇使用简单句，缺少复杂句式。
3．使用了一些高级词汇，如cooperate
with，a
series
of，sign
up等。
[升格作文]
Volunteers
Needed!
In
order
to
raise
public
awareness
of
wildlife
protection
in
the
whole
society，our
school
will
cooperate
with
the
local
animal
protection
organisation
to
create
a
series
of
posters
on
the
walls.Some
volunteers
who
are
good
at
painting
and
calligraphy
are
needed
to
help
complete
the
work.The
project
will
take
place
on
weekends.It's
not
only
a
good
chance
to
sharpen
your
skills
but
also
a
way
to
show
your
concern
and
love
for
wildlife!
If
you
are
interested
in
it，please
sign
up
at
the
Students'
Union
before
July
11th.
你校校报急需在校内招聘一位同学担任英文版编辑，请你以学生会的名义用英文以“An
English
Editor
Wanted”为题写一则招聘启事，要点如下：
1．工作内容：从英文报刊、杂志及互联网上选择适合学生的文章；挑选和编辑同学们的来稿。
2．要求：乐意贡献出一些业余时间为同学们服务；英文、美术皆好；能熟练使用电脑。
3．请感兴趣的同学在本周内与学生会联系。
注意：词数80左右。
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
An
English
Editor
Wanted
Our
school
paper
is
badly
in
need
of
an
editor
from
us
students
for
its
English
edition.The
job
mainly
includes
choosing
English
articles
from
other
newspapers，magazines
or
the
Internet
suitable
for
us
students
and
picking
out
suitable
articles
from
us
and
edit
them
for
use.
The
editor
should
be
willing
to
devote
some
of
the
spare
time
to
serving
others
and
good
at
both
English
and
art.What's
more，the
ability
to
use
the
computer
is
important
as
well.
Those
who
are
interested
in
the
job
please
get
in
touch
with
the
Students'
Union
this
week.
The
Students'
Union
4/4
