v．?ing和不定式作宾语
[观察例句]
观察下列句子，指出其黑体部分的动词形式及作用。
1．As
a
young
man，he
saw
the
great
need
for
increasing
the
rice
output.
动词?ing作介词的宾语
2．“We
regret
to
inform
you...”are
the
words
every
writer
knows
well.
不定式作宾语
3．However，he
doesn't
care
about
being
famous.
动词?ing作介词的宾语
4．He
enjoys
listening
to
violin
music，playing
mahjong，swimming
and
reading.
动词?ing作动词的宾语
5．He
awoke
from
his
dream
with
the
hope
of
producing
a
kind
of
rice
that
could
feed
more
people.
动词?ing作介词的宾语
6．Xiao
Wang's
parents
planned
to
take
a
holiday
abroad.
不定式作动词的宾语
7．They
start
working/to
work
at
eight
every
morning.不定式或动词?ing作动词的宾语
8．He
neglected
locking/to
lock
the
door.
不定式或动词?ing作动词的宾语
9．In
those
days
they
couldn't
afford
to
buy
a
car.
不定式作动词的宾语
10．I
may
claim
to
have
learned
8，000
English
words.
不定式作动词的宾语
[归纳用法]
一、只接动词?ing形式作宾语的动词
1．作动词的宾语
括号中的动词后接动词?ing形式作宾语。这些动词可用下面的口诀帮助记忆：
避免错过少延期(avoid，miss，postpone)
建议完成多练习(advise/suggest，finish，practise)
喜欢想象禁不住(enjoy，imagine，can't
help)
承认否定与嫉妒(admit，deny，envy)
逃避冒险莫原谅(escape，risk，excuse)
忍受保持不介意(stand，keep，mind)
Would
you
mind
opening
the
window?
你介意打开窗子吗？
I
don't
like
watching
television
but
I
enjoy
listening
to
the
radio.
我不喜欢看电视，但是喜欢听收音机。
He
tried
to
avoid
answering
my
questions.
他试图对我的问题避而不答。
2．作动词短语的宾语
动词短语：insist
on，object
to，be
good
at，be
fond
of，lead
to，put
off，give
up，look
forward
to，feel
like，get/be
used
to，pay
attention
to，be
worth等后接动词?ing形式作宾语。
She
is
very
fond
of
telling
other
people
what
to
do.
她爱对别人指手画脚。
He
insisted
on
doing
it
in
his
own
way.
他坚持要按照自己的方法做。
[即学即练1] 单句语法填空
①I
had
as
much
fun
sailing
the
seas
as
I
now
do
working(work)
with
students.
②I
often
practise
listening(listen)
and
speaking(speak)．
③The
boy
was
lucky
to
escape
being
punished(punish)．
④It
is
useful
for
someone
who
is
trying
to
give
up
smoking(smoke)．
⑤It's
quite
hot
today.Do
you
feel
like
going(go)
for
a
swim?
二、常接动词不定式作宾语的动词
1．agree(同意)，afford(付得起)，offer(主动提出)，plan(打算，计划)，demand(要求)，promise(答应)，help(帮忙)，prepare(准备)，decide(决定)，refuse(拒绝)，choose(选择，决定)，wish/hope/want/expect(希望)，fail(失败)，pretend(假装)，manage(设法)，determine(决心)，beg(恳求，祈求)，arrange(安排，筹备)，threaten(威胁)，claim(声称)，aim(力争做到)，hesitate(顾虑)，happen(碰巧)，hope(希望)等动词后通常接动词不定式作宾语。
I
offered
to
paint
the
house
in
exchange
for
a
week's
accommodation.
我主动提出给房子刷油漆以换取一周的食宿。
John
is
very
reliable－if
he
promises
to
do
something，he'll
certainly
do
it.
约翰非常可靠，他如果许诺做什么事，就一定会做的。
[名师点津]
动词不定式作宾语且后面有自己的宾语补足语时，常常用it作形式宾语，将不定式放在宾语补足语之后。当不定式作consider,
feel,
find,
make,
think等动词的宾语时，常使用这一结构。
They
all
feel
it
very
hard
to
learn
English.
他们都感觉学英语很难。
2．动词不定式作宾语，通常有三种形式：
(1)一般式：动词不定式的一般式所表示的动作通常与谓语动词所表示的动作(状态)同时发生，或是在它之后发生。当动词不定式的逻辑主语是其所表示的动作的发出者时，用主动形式(to
do)；当动词不定式的逻辑主语是其所表示的动作的承受者时，用被动形式(to
be
done)。
I
just
wanted
to
know
if
everything
was
all
right.
我只是想知道是否一切都好。
He
refused
to
be
photographed.
他拒绝让人拍照。
(2)进行式：动词不定式的进行式(to
be
doing)表示动词不定式所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，并强调动作的持续性或动作正在进行。
When
I
came
in，he
pretended
to
be
sleeping.
当我进来时，他假装正在睡觉。
It
happened
to
be
raining
when
I
got
there.
我到达那里的时候，碰巧在下雨。
(3)完成式：动词不定式的完成式(to
have
done)表示动词不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。
He
claimed
to
have
been
badly
treated
in
the
supermarket
when
he
was
doing
shopping
yesterday.
他声称昨天在超市购物时受到了不好的对待。
[即学即练2] 单句语法填空
①I
had
hoped
to
send(send)
him
a
telegram
to
congratulate
him
on
his
marriage.
②When
his
mother
came
in，the
boy
pretended
to
be
reading(read)．
③Having
failed
in
the
driving
test
twice，he
decided
not
to
take(take)
it
again.
④If
you
want
to
go(go)
with
us，you
should
be
ready
by
eight
o'clock.
⑤This，in
a
nutshell，is
what
Richard
Chaplin
appears
to
have
done
(do)．
三、既可以接动词?ing形式也可以接动词不定式作宾语的情况
1．在start，begin，continue等动词后既可接动名词也可接不定式作宾语，两者意义区别不大。
They
continued
working/to
work
as
if
nothing
had
happened.
他们继续工作，似乎什么也没发生过。
2．在love，hate，prefer，like等动词后接动词?ing形式作宾语指经常性的动作，用不定式作宾语指具体的动作。
He
preferred
staying
in
the
house
when
it
rained.
下雨时他宁愿待在家里。
(动词?ing形式作宾语，指每逢下雨都待在家里。)
I
prefer
to
stay
at
home
this
afternoon.
今天下午我宁愿待在家里。
(动词不定式作宾语，表示今天下午待在家里这一具体的动作。)
3．下表中的动词(短语)后跟不定式和动词?ing形式作宾语均可，但含义不同。
动词
宾语的形式
意义
forget
to
do
忘记要做……
doing
忘记做过……
remember
to
do
记着要去做……
doing
记得做过……
regret
to
do
遗憾/抱歉要做……
doing/having
done
后悔做了……
try
to
do
尽力做……
doing
尝试做……
mean
to
do
打算做……
doing
意味着……
go
on
to
do
接着做(另外一件事)
doing
接着做(同一件事)
stop
to
do
停下来去做……
doing
停止做……
Please
remember
to
give
my
best
regards
to
your
family.
请记着代我向你的家人问好。
I
still
remember
visiting
the
museum
for
the
first
time.
我仍记得第一次参观博物馆的情景。
4．下列动词可接动词?ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义，相当于不定式的被动形式：need/want/require/deserve
doing＝need/want/require/deserve
to
be
done。
The
bike
needs
repairing/to
be
repaired.
这辆自行车需要修理。
[即学即练3] 单句语法填空
①He
likes
swimming
but
he
doesn't
like
to
swim
this
afternoon.(swim)
②I
mean
to
change(change)
it
for
another
one.
③Missing
the
train
means
waiting(wait)
for
another
hour.
④I
remembered
locking(lock)
the
door
before
I
left
the
office，but
forgot
to
turn(turn)
off
the
lights.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．They
promised
to
come(come)
here
to
help
us.
2．Some
students
find
it
very
difficult
to
speak(speak)
English
fluently.
3．I
regret
to
tell(tell)
you
that
your
school
team
has
lost
the
game.
4．Yesterday
he
forgot
posting/having
posted(post)
the
letter
and
looked
for
it
everywhere.
5．Generally
speaking，young
kids
are
keen
on
watching(watch)
cartoons.
6．He
claimed
to
have
reached
(reach)
the
top
of
the
mountain.
7．I
was
so
angry
that
I
felt
like
throwing(throw)
something
at
him.
8．Have
you
considered
looking(look)
for
one
special
friend?
9．I
expect
him
to
be
doing
(do)
homework
now.
10．She
objected
to
going(go)
there
by
train
in
such
a
situation.
Ⅱ.短文语法填空
We
were
sorry
1.to
hear(hear)
that
Cindy
was
ill
in
hospital.We
hoped
2.to
help(help)
her
in
some
way，so
we
decided
3.to
pay(pay)
a
visit
to
her
yesterday
afternoon.Cindy
was
happy
to
see
us.She
started
4.talking(talk)
with
us.She
told
us
that
she
felt
like
5.going(go)
to
school
soon，6.but
the
doctor
suggested
7.staying(stay)
in
bed
for
three
days.We
told
her
not
8.to
worry(worry)
about
her
lessons.We
would
do
everything
we
could
9.to
help(help)
her.Cindy
said
she
would
try
10.to
catch
(catch)
up
with
us.
6/6Self?trust
is
the
first
secret
of
success.—Ralph
Waldo
Emerson
自信是成功的第一秘诀。
——拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生
Once
the
road
of
life
is
chosen，we
must
bravely
go
to
the
end
and
never
turn
back.
——Zola
生活的道路一旦选定，就要勇敢地走到底，决不回头。
——左拉
I
can
accept
failure，but
I
can't
accept
giving
up!
——Michael
Jordan
我可以接受失败，但我不能接受放弃！
——迈克尔·乔丹
Many
things
are
not
impossible
to
succeed，but
we
are
always
successful
if
we
try
it.Many
dreams
are
not
impossible
to
achieve，but
to
see
how
much
we
are
determined
to
do.We
must
have
the
determination
to
break
the
boat
and
be
determined
to
win，and
persevere
to
pursue，and
we
have
hope
for
success.
Life
doesn't
always
give
us
the
joy
we
want.We
don't
always
get
our
hopes
and
dreams，and
we
don't
always
get
our
way.But
don't
give
up
hope，because
you
can
make
a
difference
one
situation
and
one
person
at
a
time.
Look
for
the
beauty
around
you，in
nature，in
others，in
yourself，and
believe
in
the
love
of
friends，family，and
humankind.You
can
find
love
in
a
smile
or
a
helping
hand，in
a
thoughtful
gesture
or
a
kind
word.It
is
all
around，if
you
just
look
for
it.
Give
love，forgiving
it
you
will
find
the
power
in
life
along
with
joy，happiness，patience
and
understanding.Believe
in
the
goodness
of
others
and
remember
that
anger
and
depression
can
be
countered
by
love
and
hope.
Even
when
you
feel
as
though
there
isn't
a
lot
you
can
do
to
change
unhappiness
or
problems，you
can
always
do
a
little—and
a
little
at
a
time
eventually
makes
a
big
difference.
Hope
is
always
available
to
us.When
we
feel
defeated，we
only
need
to
take
a
deep
breath
and
say
“Yes”and
hope
will
reappear.
[探索发现]
1．Find
out
why
we
shouldn't
give
up
hope.
Because
we
can
make
a
difference.
2．Find
out
where
we
can
find
love.
In
a
smile
or
a
helping
hand，in
a
thoughtful
gesture
or
a
kind
word.
3．Find
out
what
can
you
do
when
you
can't
change
unhappiness
or
problems.
You
can
always
do
a
little
at
a
time.
2/2Ⅰ.匹配词义
a．单词匹配
( )1.dread
A．n.名著；经典作品
( )2.overnight
B．v.锲而不舍，坚持不懈
( )3.persevere
C．adv.
suddenly
or
quickly
( )4.classic
D．n.(忍)耐力
( )5.endurance
E．v.to
be
very
afraid
of
sth.
[答案] 1－5 ECBAD
b．短语匹配
( )1.regret
to
do
sth.
A．以……为例
( )2.take...for
example
B．有太多时候，太过频繁
( )3.have...in
common(with)
C．遗憾地要做某事
( )4.all
too
often
D．(与……)有共同之处
( )5.turn...down
E．拒绝；调小(声音等)
[答案] 1－5 CADBE
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．debt
n．
债务，欠款
2．pace
n.
速度；进度
3．inform
v.
通知，告知
4．rarely
adv.
很少，难得
5．rejection
n.
拒绝，否决
6．nevertheless
adv.
然而，不过
7．criticism
n.
批评；指责
8．guarantee
v.
保证；确保
9．delighted
adj.
愉快的，高兴的
10.
outcome
n.
结果，后果
Ⅰ.语境填空
pace；inform；outcome；dread；best?seller；debt；classic;
guarantee;
nevertheless;
overnight
1．Three
years
later，he
finally
paid
off
his
debts．
2．The
Harry
Potter
movies
are
universally
acknowledged
as
classics.
3．We
guarantee
the
quality
of
our
merchandise
for
life.
4．This
story
tells
us
that
greed
is
no
good
outcome．
5．If
he
continues
to
work
at
that
pace，he
will
certainly
crack
up.
6．Nevertheless，I
have
a
lot
of
things
to
learn
before
I
do
that.
7．They
would
inform
him
of
any
progress
they
had
made.
8．I
dread
that
I
may
never
see
you
again.
9．Don't
expect
it
to
improve
overnight．
10．He
had
the
satisfaction
of
seeing
his
book
become
a
best?seller．
Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词
1．Your
trouble
is
that
you
can't
take
rejection
(reject)．
2．He
always
turns
a
deaf
ear
to
other
people's
criticism
(criticize)．
3．Another
example
is
my
neighbor，whose
children
rarely
(rare)
visit
him.
4．We
were
delighted
(delight)
that
he
had
passed
the
exam.
5．They
showed
great
perseverance
(persevere)
in
the
face
of
difficulty.
6．I
admired
him
for
his
remarkable
endurance
(endure)
throughout
his
illness.
7．For
further
information
(inform)
on
the
diet，write
to
us
at
this
address.
1．You
may
have
spent
years
giving
up
your
weekends
and
free
time
to
write
your
life's
work...
为了写你一生的著作，你可能用了很多年，放弃了周末和空闲时间……
2．J.D.Salinger
started
writing
short
stories
in
high
school，but
later
struggled
to
get
his
works
published.
J．D.塞林格高中时开始写短篇小说，但后来很难让他的作品得以出版。
3．“We
feel
that
we
don't
know
the
central
character
well
enough”was
the
criticism
he
received
on
his
manuscript
for
The
Catcher
in
the
Rye.
“我们觉得我们对(书中的)主要人物还不够了解”，这是写在他的《麦田里的守望者》的手稿上的批评。
4．In
fact，it
is
within
the
pages
of
Jane
Eyre
that
we
can
find
these
words：“I
honour
endurance，perseverance，industry，talent；because
these
are
the
means
by
which
men
achieve
great
ends...”
事实上，正是在《简·爱》这本书里，我们能够找到这些话：“我尊崇忍耐力、毅力、勤奋和才干；因为这些是人们实现伟大目标所凭借的手段……”
5．While
a
lot
of
hard
work
and
a
touch
of
luck
play
a
part，perseverance
is
the
key.
虽然艰苦的努力和少许的运气都起作用，但毅力是关键。
词语助读
①inform
v．通知，告知
information
n．信息
②response
n．回应；反应
respond
vi.回应；反应
respond
to...
对……做出回应
③eagerly
adv.热切地；渴望地
eager
adj.热切的；渴望的
be
eager
for...
渴望得到……
④rarely
adv.很少，难得
rare
adj.稀少的，珍贵的
⑤previously
adv.先前；以前
previous
adj.以前的；先前的
[1]their
hearts
sinking是独立主格结构，在句中作状语。
⑥take...for
example以……为例
set
an
example
for
sb.为某人树立榜样
⑦have
something
in
common
with...
和……有共同点
⑧survive
v．幸存；生存；幸免
survive
on靠……生存
⑨comment
n．评论
nevertheless
adv.然而，不过
?persevere
v．坚持不懈；锲而不舍
?turn
down拒绝
?eventually
adv.最终；最后；终于
in
the
end最后；终于
[2]句中的not...until...
表示“直到……才……”。
[3]句中with
over
400
million
books
sold
and
translated
into
more
than
seventy
different
languages是“with＋宾语＋宾补”结构。
?criticism
n．批评；指责
?along
with和；和……一起
?struggle
v．斗争；努力
struggle
to
do
sth.
努力做某事
struggle
for为……努力
?get
sth.
done使某事被做
?central
character主要人物
?manuscript
n．手稿，底稿
?despite
prep.尽管
chapter
n．章；节
best?seller
n．畅销书
millions
of数百万，大量的
overall
adj.全面的；综合的；总体的
in
print
印刷体
encourage
v．鼓励
encourage
to
do
sth.鼓励做某事
business
n．商业；事务；公事
stop
doing
sth.停止做某事
stop
to
do
sth.停下来去做另外的事
under
male
names以男性的名字
be
regarded
as...
被认为是……
classic
n．经典作品；名著
endurance
n．(忍)耐力
talent
n．天赋；才能
talented
adj.有天赋的
have
a
talent
for...
有……天赋
means
n．方式；方法
by
means
of通过……方式
[4]本句是一个强调句，强调within
the
pages
of
Jane
Eyre。by
which引导定语从句，修饰先行词means。
guarantee
v．担保；保证
key
n．关键
the
key
to...
……的关键
原文呈现
We
Regret
to
Inform①
You...
1．“We
regret
to
inform
you...”These
are
the
words
that
every
writer
dreads
receiving，but
words
every
writer
knows
well.The
response②
from
a
publisher
comes
back
and
the
writer
eagerly③
opens
and
reads
it，their
hearts
sinking
[1]
when
they
reach
that
final
sentence.You
may
have
spent
years
giving
up
your
weekends
and
free
time
to
write
your
life's
work，yet
still
this
is
often
not
enough.Everyone
knows
that
success
rarely④
happens
overnight，but
perhaps
not
many
know
that
a
lot
of
highly
successful
writers
have
previously⑤
faced
rejection.
2．Take
for
example⑥
J．K.Rowling.When
she
received
her
first
rejection
letter，she
decided
that
it
meant
she
now
had
something
in
common
with⑦
her
favourite
writers，and
stuck
it
on
her
kitchen
wall.Rowling
had
spent
years
surviving⑧
on
little
money，spending
all
her
time
writing.When
she
finally
finished
her
first
book，she
received
comments⑨
from
publishers
along
the
lines
of
“too
difficult
for
children”，“too
long”，“Children
would
not
be
interested
in
it”．Nevertheless⑩，she
persevered?.“I
wasn't
going
to
give
up
until
every
single
publisher
turned
me
down?
[2]，but
I
often
feared
that
would
happen，”she
later
posted.After
a
total
of
twelve
rejections，one
publisher
eventually?
agreed
to
print
500
copies
of
her
first
book，and
as
we
know，Harry
Potter
became
a
global
success，with
over
400
million
books
sold
and
translated
into
more
than
seventy
different
languages
[3]．
3．All
too
often
writers
of
great
works
have
had
to
face
criticism?
along
with?
rejection.
J．D.Salinger
started
writing
short
stories
in
high
school，but
later
struggled?
to
get
his
works
published?.“We
feel
that
we
don't
know
the
central
character?
well
enough”was
the
criticism
he
received
on
his
manuscript?
for
The
Catcher
in
the
Rye.Despite?
rejections
from
several
publishers，J.D.Salinger
refused
to
give
up.Even
when
serving
in
the
US
Army
during
the
Second
World
War，he
carried
six
chapterseq
\s\up10()
of
The
Catcher
in
the
Rye
with
him
and
worked
on
the
novel
throughout
his
war
service.When
it
was
eventually
published，the
book
became
an
immediate
best?sellereq
\s\up10()
and
went
on
to
sell
millions
and
millions
ofeq
\s\up10()
copies.
4．Perhaps
the
overalleq
\s\up10()
prize
for
perseverance
should
go
to
three
sisters
from
Victorian
England
who
dreamt
of
seeing
their
words
in
printeq
\s\up10().This，however，was
a
time
when
women
were
not
encouragedeq
\s\up10()
to
become
writers.As
the
then
Poet
Laureate，Robert
Southey，wrote
to
one
of
them：“Literature
cannot
be
the
businesseq
\s\up10()
of
a
woman's
life，and
it
ought
not
to
be.”Nevertheless，the
sisters
didn't
stop
tryingeq
\s\up10().Their
response
was
to
write
a
book
of
poems
under
male
nameseq
\s\up10().Even
when
the
book
sold
only
two
copies，the
sisters
still
didn't
give
up.They
started
writing
novels，and
today
Charlotte
Bront?'s
Jane
Eyre，Emily
Bront?'s
Wuthering
Heights
and
Anne
Bront?'s
Agnes
Grey
are
regarded
aseq
\s\up10()
classicseq
\s\up10()
of
world
literature.In
fact，it
is
within
the
pages
of
Jane
Eyre
that
we
can
find
these
words：“I
honour
enduranceeq
\s\up10()，perseverance，industry，talenteq
\s\up10()；because
these
are
the
meanseq
\s\up10()
by
which
men
achieve
great
ends...”[4]
5．So，it
seems
that
talent
alone
isn't
enough
to
guaranteeeq
\s\up10()
success.While
a
lot
of
hard
work
and
a
touch
of
luck
play
a
part，perseverance
is
the
keyeq
\s\up10().Keep
trying
and
eventually
you
will
read
the
words
“We
are
delighted
to
inform
you...”
译文参考
我们很遗憾地通知你……
1．“我们很遗憾地通知你……”这些话是每个作者都害怕收到的，但每个作者都很清楚。出版商的答复回来了，作者急切地展开阅读，当他们读到最后一句时，他们的心沉了下来。为了写你一生的著作，你可能用了很多年，放弃了周末和空闲时间，但这仍然常常是不够的。每个人都知道成功很少在一夜之间发生，但也许没有多少人知道，很多非常成功的作家之前都面临过拒绝。
2．以J.K.罗琳为例。当她收到第一封拒绝信时，她认为这意味着她现在和她最喜欢的作家有了共同点，并把它贴在了厨房的墙上。罗琳度过了好几年靠很少的钱维持生活的岁月，把所有的时间都花在写作上。当她终于写完第一本书时，她收到了出版商的评论，大意是“对孩子来说太难了”，“太长了”，“孩子们不会对它感兴趣”。尽管如此，她还是坚持了下来。她后来在网上发帖写道：“在每个出版商拒绝我之前，我不会放弃，但我经常担心会发生这种情况。”在12次拒绝之后，一位出版商最终同意出版她的第一本书，印了500本，正如我们所知，《哈利·波特》在全球获得了成功，售出了4亿多本书，并被翻译成70多种语言。
3．伟大作品的作者常常不得不面对批评和拒绝。J.D.塞林格高中时开始写短篇小说，但后来很难让他的作品得以出版。“我们觉得我们对(书中的)主要人物还不够了解”，这是写在他的《麦田里的守望者》的手稿上的批评。尽管遭到几位出版商的拒绝，J.D.塞林格还是拒绝放弃。即使第二次世界大战期间在美国军队服役时，他也随身携带了《麦田里的守望者》中的六章，并在整个战争服役期间致力于这部小说的创作。当这本书最终出版时，它立即成为畅销书，并售出数百万册。
4．也许坚韧不拔综合奖应该颁给英国维多利亚时代的三姐妹，因为她们梦想着看到自己的文字被印刷出来。然而，这是一个不鼓励妇女成为作家的时代。正如当时的桂冠诗人罗伯特·索西给三姐妹中的一人的信中所写的：“文学创作不可能也不应该是女人生活中的事情。”然而，这三姐妹并没有停止尝试。她们的回应是用男性的名字写一本诗集。即使这本书只卖了两本，姐妹仨还是没有放弃。她们开始写小说，今天夏洛特·勃朗特的《简·爱》、艾米莉·勃朗特的《呼啸山庄》和安妮·勃朗特的《阿格尼丝·格雷》都被认为是世界文学的经典之作。事实上，正是在《简·爱》这本书里，我们能够找到这些话：“我尊崇忍耐力、毅力、勤奋和才干；因为这些是人们实现伟大目标所凭借的手段……”
5．所以，似乎光靠天赋不足以保证成功。虽然艰苦的努力和少许的运气都起作用，但毅力是关键。继续努力，最终你会读到“我们很高兴地通知你……”
8/8课时分层作业(五)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The
teacher
told
the
students
to
stop
writing(write)
and
to
listen(listen)
to
him.
2．He
succeeded
in
persuading(persuade)
her
to
do
the
job.
3．Seeing
the
funny
scene，I
can't
help
laughing(laugh)．
4．I
regret
to
tell(tell)
you
that
my
sister
regrets
making/having
made(make)
you
her
date.You
are
not
the
kind
of
person
she
wants.
5．The
book
is
worth
reading(read)
a
second
time.
6．We
are
looking
forward
to
hearing(hear)
from
Mr.
Li.
7．The
windows
haven't
been
cleaned
for
a
long
time.They
need
cleaning/to
be
cleaned(clean)．
8．The
TV
star
pretended
to
have
been(be)
the
victim
of
the
threats.
9．They
could
hardly
hope
to
get(get)
there
before
seven.
10．Taking
this
job
means
taking(take)
a
lot
of
risks.
Ⅱ.完形填空
Randy
Lazer
started
running
back
in
1990.As
an
asthma(哮喘)
1
，it
took
about
four
tries
for
him
to
run
a
full
mile，but
that
only
2
him
to
go
farther.In
1995，Lazer
completed
26.2
miles
in
his
first
marathon.
3
，his
step
came
to
a
sudden
stop.
One
Sunday
morning，Lazer
began
to
feel
so
4
that
he
drove
himself
to
the
hospital.
5
the
hospital
staff
and
a
strong
will
to
live，Lazer
6
the
operation.
“When
I
got
home，I
couldn't
even
make
it
up
the
stairs
to
my
bedroom，”Lazer
said.His
new
7
became
walking
for
just
a
few
minutes
every
day
and
he
kept
at
it
day
after
day.Less
than
two
weeks
later，he
was
8
a
mile.
Soon
after
he
9
that
milestone，Lazer
signed
up
for
the
Rock
'n'
Roll
Las
Vegas
Marathon.He
went
back
to
10
his
pace
on
the
road.Seven
weeks
out
from
the
11
，he
turned
his
typical
walk
into
a
run.Lazer
once
again
12
his
mileage
(英里里程)，so
he
could
finally
finish
his
first
Las
Vegas
Rock
'n'
Roll
Marathon
in
2001.
Lazer
kept
up
the
marathon
tradition
after
that
13
Rock
'n'
Roll
Marathon.In
2004，he
finished
it
in
three
hours
and
50
minutes.“Running
is
part
of
14
I
am—I
am
struggling
to
be
the
15
that
I
possibly
can
be，”he
says.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作为一个患有哮喘的人，兰迪·拉泽从1990年开始跑步，以此迈向更健康的生活方式。
1．A.survivor
B．volunteer
C．specialist
D．sufferer
D [作为一个患有哮喘的人(sufferer)，他试了大约四次才跑完一英里。]
2．A.inspired
B．forced
C．warned
D．persuaded
A [根据“In
1995，Lazer
completed
26.2
miles”可知，那会激励(inspired)他走得更远。]
3．A.Besides
B．Then
C．Therefore
D．Again
B [根据下文可知，然后(Then)，他的步伐突然停止了。]
4．A.terrible
B．stressed
C．angry
D．nervous
A [根据下文“he
drove
himself
to
the
hospital”和“the
operation”可知，
他感觉很糟糕(terrible)。]
5．A.Between
B．As
to
C．Without
D．Thanks
to
D [多亏了(Thanks
to)医护人员和强烈的求生意志，拉泽挺过来了。]
6．A.carried
out
B．refused
C．pulled
through
D．ended
C [根据上文“the
hospital
staff
and
a
strong
will
to
live”及下文可知，拉泽从手术中挺过来了(pulled
through)。]
7．A.choice
B．goal
C．skill
D．promise
B [他的新目标(goal)很快就变成了每天只步行几分钟。]
8．A.riding
B．marching
C．running
D．walking
D [根据上文“walking
for
just
a
few
minutes
every
day”可知，不到两周后，他已经能走(walking)一英里。]
9．A.removed
B．overcame
C．hit
D．announced
C [不久之后，他达到了(hit)那个里程碑。]
10．A.pushing
B．controlling
C．recording
D．testing
A [拉泽继续在路上加快(pushing)步伐。]
11．A.incident
B．trial
C．experience
D．race
D [根据上文“the
Rock
'n'
Roll
Las
Vegas
Marathon”可知，离比赛(race)只有七个星期了。]
12．A.figured
out
B．balanced
C．built
up
D．analyzed
C [拉泽再一次积累了(built
up)他的里程。]
13．A.beginning
B．awful
C．changing
D．painful
A [根据上文“his
first
Las
Vegas
Rock
'n'
Roll
Marathon
in
2001”可知，
在最初的(beginning)摇滚马拉松比赛之后，拉泽又坚持了三年的跑马拉松的传统。]
14．A.why
B．how
C．who
D．where
C [根据全文可知，跑步一定程度上定义了“我”是谁(who)。]
15．A.fastest
B．wisest
C．fairest
D．best
D [根据文章第一句“Randy
Lazer
started
running
back
in
1990.”及整个语篇可知，拉泽正在努力做到最好(best)。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
Foster
homes(寄养家庭)provide
a
safe
environment
for
pets
that
1.________(wait)
to
be
adopted.Many
shelters
and
rescue
organizations
will
refuse
to
take
in
homeless
pets
unless
they
have
a
place
for
them
2.________(live)
in.As
shelters
close
due
to
the
coronavirus，3.________(find)
foster
homes
has
become
important.While
animal
shelters
4.________(ask)
to
provide
necessary
services
by
the
Humane
Society
of
the
US，many
have
had
to
close
because
of
fewer
and
fewer
5.________(volunteer)．And
social
distancing
has
made
pet
adoption
days
impossible.At
the
same
time，there
has
been
6.________
increase
in
pets
coming
into
shelters
because
7.________(they)
owners
are
too
sick
to
take
care
of
them
or
can
no
longer
afford
to
keep
them.The
Arizona
Humane
Society
in
Phoenix
has
a
new
drive?up
service.People
8.________
volunteer
to
foster
animals
send
a
text
when
they
arrive.A
member
of
the
shelter
staff
quickly
brings
the
paperwork
to
the
car
to
complete
and
the
new
foster
fur
baby.There
is
still
a
need
9.________
pet
foster
homes
across
the
US，so
if
you
are
interested，contact
an
animal
shelter
or
rescue
centre
near
you.Pets
add
too
much
fun
to
people's
lives
and
you
will
not
be
10.________
(disappoint)
to
have
a
fur
baby
in
your
home.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了由于疫情的影响，在美国很多收容所关闭，寻找宠物寄养家庭已成为当务之急。
1．are
waiting [考查动词的时态。根据句意“寄养家庭为正在等待被领养的宠物提供了一个安全的环境”可知，此处应用一般现在进行时，且pets与wait之间为主谓关系，故填are
waiting。]
2．to
live [考查不定式。此处不定式作后置定语，修饰
place。]
3．finding [考查非谓语动词。主句缺少主语，因此用动名词形式作主语。]
4．were
asked [考查动词的时态和语态。根据句意，动物收容所“被要求”提供一些必要服务，且这一要求发生在过去，因此用一般过去时的被动语态。]
5．volunteers [考查名词的数。because
of后缺宾语，且volunteer为可数名词，故填volunteers。]
6．an [考查冠词。此处句意为：与此同时，来领养中心的宠物数量在增加。increase作there
be句型的主语，表示“数量增长”之意，为可数名词，且发音以元音音素开头，故填an。]
7．their [考查代词。根据句意“它们的主人因病得太重而无法照顾它们或不再有能力去照顾它们”可知，此处应填形容词性物主代词their，修饰名词owners。]
8．who/that [考查定语从句引导词。此处“volunteer
to
foster
animals”为定语从句，修饰指人的People，故引导词用who或that。]
9．for [考查介词。此处句意为：全美国都有对宠物寄养家庭的需求，a
need
for
sth.意为“需要某物”，故填for。]
10．disappointed [考查形容词。此处句意为：宠物给人们的生活带来了如此多的乐趣，你不会因领养一只宠物而失望。此处应填形容词作表语，故填disappointed。]
5/5Ⅰ.匹配词义
a．单词匹配
( )1.companionship
A．v.调查；探究
( )2.workaday
B．adj.
ordinary；not
very
interesting
( )3.probe
C．n.友谊；友好交往
( )4.dawn
D．n.
the
time
of
day
when
light
first
appear
( )5.relish
E．n.享受，乐趣
[答案] 1－5 CBADE
b．短语匹配
( )1.worthy
of
A．降临
( )2.be
appreciative
of
B．继续做某事，忙于某事
( )3.probe
into
C．感激
( )4.go
about
D．值得……的
( )5.descend
upon
E．探究，追问
[答案] 1－5 DCEBA
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．worthwhile
adj.
重要的；值得做的
2．enthusiastic
adj.
热心的，热衷的
3．contest
n.
比赛，竞赛
4．upset
adj.
心烦意乱的，烦恼的
5．elect
v.
选举，推选
6．mere
adj.
仅仅，只不过
7．outline
n.
外形，轮廓
8．permanent
adj.
长久的；永久的
9．literary
adj.
文学的
10．embarrassed
adj.
难堪的，尴尬的
Ⅰ.语境填空
upset，orchestra，contest，perfume，outline，dawn，blanket,
permanent,
literary,
worthy
1．Have
you
ever
entered
a
beauty
contest?
2．I
was
also
curious
if
I
should
be
so
upset
about
my
break?up.
3．We
could
only
see
the
outline
of
a
house
in
the
distance.
4．Luckily，the
accident
has
not
done
any
permanent
damage.
5．He
is
a
very
worthy
man，I
suppose，but
he
is
very
dull.
6．It
was
Chaucer
who
really
turned
English
into
a
literary
language.
7．The
woman
walked
into
the
room
and
put
a
blanket
over
the
baby.
8．We
set
sail
at
dawn
and
headed
for
New
York.
9．We
gave
stockings
to
the
women，and
in
return，they
gave
us
perfume
for
our
girlfriends.
10．He
plays
the
flute
in
the
school
orchestra．
Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词
1．Her
remark
was
followed
by
an
embarrassing(embarrass)
silence.
2．He
laid
his
hand
gently(gentle)
on
the
crown
of
her
head.
3．You
are
merely(mere)
reciting
facts
that
you
have
learned
by
rote.
4．The
company
was
very
appreciative(appreciate)
of
my
efforts.
5．I
give
my
blessing(bless)
to
all
my
friends!
6．She
talked
enthusiastically(enthusiastic)
and
at
some
length
on
the
joys
of
having
a
large
family.
7．It
is
reported
that
the
prime
minister
is
about
to
call
an
election(elect)．
1．I
have
often
thought
it
would
be
a
blessing
if
each
human
being
were
stricken
blind
and
deaf
for
a
few
days
at
some
time
during
his
early
adult
life.
我常常想，如果每个人在刚成年的某个时候能失明、失聪几天，这或许是一件幸事。
2．And
I
have
imagined
what
I
should
most
like
to
see
if
I
were
given
the
use
of
my
eyes，say
for
just
three
days.
并且我已经设想过如果我有视力，比方说只有三天，我最想看到的是什么。
3．The
evening
of
my
second
day
I
should
spend
at
a
theater
or
at
the
movies.
当天晚上我将会看戏或看电影。
4．The
following
morning，I
should
again
greet
the
dawn，anxious
to
discover
new
delights，new
revelations
of
beauty.
第三天清晨，我将再次迎接黎明，渴望发现新的喜悦、新的美景。
5．Touch
each
object
you
want
to
touch
as
if
tomorrow
your
tactile
sense
would
fail.
触摸你想触摸的每一个物体，就像明天你的触觉就要衰退一样。
词语助读
①blessing
n．幸事，幸运
②strike
vt.顿时使处于某状态。其过去分词形式为struck或stricken。
be
struck/stricken
dumb/deaf/blind一时什么也说不出/听不见/看不见
[1]句中含有省略了that的宾语从句，作thought的宾语。该从句中“if...adult
life”是if从句，表示与现在事实相反的假设，if从句的谓语是were
stricken，对应的主句谓语是would
be。
③appreciative
adj.感激的
be
appreciative
of
sth.感激某事，感谢某事
④now
and
then有时，偶尔，时常
⑤in
particular特殊的，专门的，具体的
[2]该句是特殊疑问句。it是形式主语，“to
walk...of
note”是动词不定式短语作真正的主语。“I
asked
myself”作插入语。
⑥worthy
of
note值得注意的
worthy
adj.值得尊敬的；值得赞赏的
worthy
of值得……的
⑦mere
adj.仅仅，只不过
merely
adv.仅仅，只不过
⑧reveal
vt.揭示；显出
revelation
n．展现，显示
⑨say
vt.比方说；假设
⑩gentleness
n．和蔼，温和
gentle
adj.温柔的；温和的
?companionship
n．友谊；友好交往
companion
n．旅伴，陪伴；同伴
[3]该句中，what引导宾语从句，在该从句中，what作表语，it是形式主语，“to
see
into...eye”是动词不定式短语作真正的主语。“the
eye”是“window
of
the
soul”的同位语。
?fingertip
n．[usually
pl.]指尖
?outline
n．外形，轮廓
?intoxicate
v．使兴奋，使陶醉
intoxicate
one's
eyes
on
sth.使某人的眼睛陶醉于某物
?pageant
n．盛大的(露天)演出
the
pageant
of(历史事件的)缤纷场景
?probe
into探究，追问
probe
v．调查；探究
[4]和[5]分别把see的宾语“The
things
I
knew
through
touch”和
spend的宾语“The
evening
of
my
second
day”提到句首，以示强调。其中“I
knew
through
touch”为省略了关系词的定语从句，修饰The
things。
?dawn
n．黎明，破晓
at
dawn在拂晓
from
dawn
till
dusk从早到晚
?delight
n．使人高兴的事
delightful
adj.令人愉快的，讨人喜欢的
[6]此处为形容词短语作状语。
?workaday
adj.平凡的；平淡的
?amid
prep.在……之中
haunt
n．(某人)常去的地方
go
about继续做某事，忙于某事
permanent
adj.长久的；永久的
[比较]temporary
adj.短暂的，临时的，暂时的
close
in
on包围，逐渐接近，逼近
descend
v．降临；来临
descended
on/upon降临
[7]该句使用了部分倒装结构。“Only
when...me”是“Only＋时间状语从句”置于句首，此时主句要用部分倒装语序。
hint
n．暗示；征兆vi.&vt.暗示
mighty
adj.强有力的；雄伟的
strains
of音乐的曲调或旋律
orchestra
n．(大型的)管弦乐队
tactile
adj.触觉的
perfume
n．香味
relish
n．享受，乐趣
with
relish津津有味地
morsel
n．[C](尤指食物的)一小片，一小块
[8][9][10][11]此处均为as
if引导的方式状语从句，表示对将来情况的假设，使用虚拟语气。
原文呈现
Three
Days
to
See
1．I
have
often
thought
it
would
be
a
blessing①
if
each
human
being
were
stricken②
blind
and
deaf
for
a
few
days
at
some
time
during
his
early
adult
life.[1]
Darkness
would
make
him
more
appreciative③
of
sight；silence
would
teach
him
the
joys
of
sound.
2．Now
and
then④
I
have
tested
my
seeing
friends
to
discover
what
they
see.Recently，I
asked
a
friend
who
had
just
returned
from
a
long
walk
in
the
woods
what
she
had
observed.“Nothing
in
particular⑤，”she
replied.
3．How
was
it
possible，I
asked
myself，to
walk
for
an
hour
through
the
woods
and
see
nothing
worthy
of
note⑥？[2]
I
who
cannot
see
find
hundreds
of
things
to
interest
me
through
mere⑦
touch.If
I
can
get
so
much
pleasure
from
touch，how
much
more
beauty
must
be
revealed⑧
by
sight？And
I
have
imagined
what
I
should
most
like
to
see
if
I
were
given
the
use
of
my
eyes，say⑨
for
just
three
days.
4．On
the
first
day，I
should
want
to
see
the
people
whose
kindness
and
gentleness⑩
and
companionship?
have
made
my
life
worth
living.I
do
not
know
what
it
is
to
see
into
the
heart
of
a
friend
through
that
“window
of
the
soul”，the
eye.[3]
I
can
only
“see”
through
my
fingertips?
the
outline?
of
a
face.I
should
like
to
see
the
books
which
have
been
read
to
me，and
which
have
revealed
to
me
the
deepest
channels
of
human
life
and
the
human
spirit.In
the
afternoon
I
should
take
a
long
walk
in
the
woods
and
intoxicate?
my
eyes
on
the
beauties
of
the
world
of
nature.That
night，I
should
not
be
able
to
sleep.
5．On
my
second
day，I
should
like
to
see
the
pageant?
of
man's
progress，and
I
should
go
to
the
museums.I
should
try
to
probe
into?
the
soul
of
man
through
his
art.The
things
I
knew
through
touch
I
should
now
see.[4]
The
evening
of
my
second
day
I
should
spend
at
a
theater
or
at
the
movies.[5]
6．The
following
morning，I
should
again
greet
the
dawn?，anxious
to
discover
new
delights?，new
revelations
of
beauty
[6]．Today
I
shall
spend
in
the
workaday?
world，amid?
the
hauntseq
\s\up10()
of
men
going
abouteq
\s\up10()
the
business
of
life.
7．At
midnight
permanenteq
\s\up10()
night
would
close
in
oneq
\s\up10()
me
again.Only
when
darkness
had
again
descendedeq
\s\up10()
upon
me
should
I
realize
how
much
I
had
left
unseen.[7]
8．I
who
am
blind
can
give
one
hinteq
\s\up10()
to
those
who
see：Use
your
eyes
as
if
tomorrow
you
would
be
stricken
blind
[8]．And
the
same
method
can
be
applied
to
the
other
senses.Hear
the
music
of
voices，the
song
of
a
bird，the
mightyeq
\s\up10()
strains
ofeq
\s\up10()
an
orchestraeq
\s\up10()，as
if
you
would
be
stricken
deaf
tomorrow
[9]．Touch
each
object
you
want
to
touch
as
if
tomorrow
your
tactileeq
\s\up10()
sense
would
fail
[10]．Smell
the
perfumeeq
\s\up10()
of
flowers，taste
with
relisheq
\s\up10()
each
morseleq
\s\up10()，as
if
tomorrow
you
could
never
smell
and
taste
again
[11]．But
of
all
the
senses，I
am
sure
that
sight
must
be
the
most
delightful.
(Excerpts
from
“Three
Days
to
See”
by
Helen
Keller)
译文参考
假如给我三天光明
1．我常常想，如果每个人在刚成年的某个时候能失明、失聪几天，这或许是一件幸事。黑暗会使他更加珍惜视觉；而寂静会教他领略声音的乐趣。
2．我时不时地询问我有视力的朋友，了解一下他们看到了什么。最近，我问一个在树林里走了很长一段路刚回来的朋友，问她看到了什么。“没什么特殊的东西。”她回答道。
3．我问自己，在树林里走上一个小时，竟没有看到什么值得注意的东西，这怎么可能呢？我一个看不见东西的人，仅凭触摸就能发现很多使我感兴趣的东西。如果我从触摸中就能获得如此多的乐趣，那么还有多少美景是通过视觉一定能领略到的呢？并且我已经设想过如果我有视力，比方说只有三天，我最想看到的是什么。
4．第一天，我要看看那些待我仁慈、温和、友好，从而使我的生活变得有价值的人。我不知道透过“心灵之窗”，即眼睛，来探视一个朋友的内心是怎么回事。我只能通过我的指尖“看”脸的轮廓。我想看看别人为我读过的、为我指出了人生及心灵最深航道的那些书。下午我将去树林里漫步，让我的眼睛陶醉在大自然的美景之中。那天晚上，我将无法入睡。
5．第二天，我想看看人类进步的盛况，我将会去博物馆。我将通过艺术来探究人的灵魂。此时我会看看那些我凭触摸所知道的东西。当天晚上我将会看戏或看电影。
6．第三天清晨，我将再次迎接黎明，渴望发现新的喜悦、新的美景。今天，我将在当前的平凡世界中度过，到为生活奔忙的人们常去的地方。
7．到了午夜，永恒的黑夜将再次包围我。只有当黑暗再次降临，我才意识到我还有多少东西没有见到。
8．我，一个盲人，想给有视力的人一点提示：用你的眼睛吧，就像你明天就要失明一样。其他感官也同样适用该方法。去听音乐般的嗓音，鸟儿的鸣唱，管弦乐队铿锵的旋律，就像你明天就要失聪一样。触摸你想触摸的每一个物体，就像明天你的触觉就要衰退一样。闻闻花香，津津有味地品尝每一口食物，仿佛你明天再也不能闻到气味或品尝味道一样。不过，我相信，在所有感官中，最令人开心的一定是视觉。
(海伦·凯勒《假如给我三天光明》节选)
8/8阅读P20－21教材课文，选出最佳选项。
1．How
did
Helen
feel
when
her
friend
told
her
she
observed
nothing
after
a
long
walk?
A．Unbelievable.
B．Pleased.
C．Understanding.
D．Interested.
2．What
did
Helen
most
want
to
do
if
she
had
three
days
to
see?
A．To
stay
up
throughout
the
night.
B．To
take
a
long
walk
in
the
woods.
C．To
see
the
people
who
have
helped
her
a
lot.
D．To
see
books
which
have
revealed
much
to
her.
3．What
can
we
learn
from
the
first
paragraph?
A．Helen
loves
darkness
and
silence.
B．Helen
is
only
stricken
with
blindness.
C．Helen
wishes
people
to
suffer
from
diseases.
D．Helen
thinks
healthy
people
ignore
too
much.
4．What
kind
of
person
do
you
think
Helen
is?
A．She
is
a
person
who
is
greedy
for
too
much.
B．She
is
a
person
who
is
too
easy
to
delight.
C．She
is
a
person
who
longs
to
live
a
normal
life.
D．She
is
a
person
who
is
jealous
of
others'
advantages.
5．What
can
we
learn
from
the
passage?
A．Do
it
now.
B．No
pleasure
without
pain.
C．One
cannot
put
back
the
clock.
D．A
day
without
sunshine
is
like
night.
[答案] 1－5 ACDCA
Words
and
Phrases
知识要点1 enthusiastic
adj.热心的，热衷的
(教材P18) With
life
being
made
up
of
ups
and
downs，it
is
not
always
easy
to
maintain
a
good
and
enthusiastic
attitude.
由于生活有起有伏，要保持一种良好而热情的态度并不总是那么容易。
[例] He
doesn't
know
much
about
this
subject，but
he's
very
enthusiastic.
他对这个问题所知不多，但他非常有热情。
[知识拓展]
(1)be
enthusiastic
about
对……热心
(2)enthusiasm
n.
热情
enthusiastically
adv.
热心地，热情地
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Today，I
am
just
as
enthusiastic
about
my
job
as
the
day
I
first
started.
②University
teachers
generally
have
admitted
a
lack
of
enthusiasm(enthusiastic)
about
their
subjects.
③The
whole
playground
was
excited
with
the
audience
cheering
enthusiastically
(enthusiastic)
for
the
athletes.
知识要点2 upset
adj.心烦意乱的，烦恼的v.使烦恼，使心烦意乱；打翻，碰倒，使倾覆；打乱，搅乱
(教材P19) Why
are
you
so
upset?
你为什么那么不安？
[例] She's
been
very
depressed
and
upset
about
this
whole
situation.
她对整个情形感到极其沮丧和不快。
[知识拓展]
be
upset
over/about/at
sth.
为某事感到不安
be
upset
that...
为……感到不安
It
upsets
sb.
that...
使某人心烦的是……
(it
作形式主语)
It
upsets
sb.
to
do
sth.
做某事使某人心烦(it作形式主语)
[即学即练] 写出下列句子中upset的词性及含义/单句语法填空
①Next
keep
in
mind
that
forgiveness
does
not
necessarily
mean
accepting
the
action
of
the
person
who
upsets
you.
vt.使生气，使心烦意乱
②When
you
are
nervous，angry
or
upset，try
releasing
the
pressure
through
exercise
or
physical
activities.
adj.心烦意乱的，烦恼的
③Any
changes
in
weather
would
upset
our
plans
of
driving
across
the
desert.
vt.打乱，搅乱
④—What's
the
matter
with
Rod?
—I
think
he's
still
upset
about
failing
his
driving
test.
⑤It
upsets
me
to
see(see)
the
river
filled
with
plastic
bags
and
other
litter.
[小片段填空]
Jim
is
doing
his
homework.The
flies'
flying
around
him
without
a
stop
upsets
him.He
is
so
upset
that
he
upsets
a
cup
of
water
at
the
corner
of
the
desk.(upset)
知识要点3 elect
v．选举，推选；选择，决定(做某事)
(教材P19) You
ran
for
Head
of
the
Student
Committee
but
weren't
elected.
你竞选学生会主席但落选了。
[例] All
the
people
agreed
to
elect
him
chairman.
所有人都同意选他当主席。
[知识拓展]
(1)elect
sb.
(as)＋职务
选举某人为……
elect
to
do
sth.
选择/决定做某事
(2)election
n.
选举，推选；当选
run
for/stand
for
election
参加竞选
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①—I'm
going
to
vote
for
Jackson
in
the
next
election(elect)．How
about
you?
—Me，too.He's
the
best
man
for
the
position.
②The
question
why
Cheng
Yu
elected
to
return(return)
to
his
hometown
made
his
best
friend
feel
lost.
③How
many
people
are
standing
for
running
for
election
next
week?
④It's
reported
that
he
was
elected
(as)
president
of
the
World
Bank
last
week.
据报道，上周他被选为世界银行的行长。
[名师点津]
在“elect
sb.
(as)＋职务”或“be
elected(as)＋职务”结构中，president，monitor，chairman，mayor，captain等表示独一无二的职位的名词前不加任何冠词。
知识要点4 appreciative
adj.感激的
(教材P20) Darkness
would
make
him
more
appreciative
of
sight...
黑暗会使他更加珍惜视觉……
[例] He
wrote
a
warm
and
appreciative
letter，thanking
her
for
everything
she
had
done.
他写了一封热情洋溢的、充满感激的信，感谢她所做的一切。
[知识拓展]
(1)be
appreciative
of...
对……感激
(2)appreciate
v.
欣赏；赏识；感激
appreciate
sth.
欣赏/感激某事
appreciate
doing
sth.
感激做某事
appreciate
one's
doing
sth.
感激某人做某事
I
would
appreciate
it
if...
如果……，我将不胜感激
(3)appreciation
n.
赏识，鉴赏，感激
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①
I'd
appreciate
it
so
much
if
you
could
contact
me
at
your
earliest
convenience.
②I
really
appreciate
your
offering(offer)
to
help
me，but
I
am
sure
that
I
will
be
able
to
make
it
by
myself.
③The
author
holds
an
appreciative(appreciate)
attitude
towards
what
Alice
has
done
for
her
community.
④In
this
letter，I
would
like
to
convey
my
sincere
appreciation(appreciate)
to
you
for
your
help.
⑤She
was
appreciative
of
Greg's
concern
for
her
health.她感谢格雷格对她健康的关心。
知识要点5 worthy
adj.值得尊敬的；值得赞赏的
(教材P20) How
was
it
possible，I
asked
myself，to
walk
for
an
hour
through
the
woods
and
see
nothing
worthy
of
note?
我问自己，在树林里走上一个小时，竟没有看到什么值得注意的东西，这怎么可能呢？
[例] The
money
we
raise
will
be
going
to
a
very
worthy
cause.
我们筹集的钱款将用于非常崇高的事业。
[知识拓展]
(1)be
worthy
of
being
done/be
worthy
to
be
done
某事值得被做……
(2)be
worth＋n.
值得……，值……
be
worth
doing
某事值得被做
(3)worthwhile
adj.
值得(努力、花时间、花钱)的
It
is/was
worthwhile
doing/to
do
sth.
做某事是值得的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/句型转换
①Do
you
think
it
is
worthwhile
to
argue
with
them？The
question
is
not
worthy
to
be
discussed(discuss)．
②Though
the
book
is
a
bit
dear，it
is
worthwhile
buying/to
buy(buy)
it.
③Everything
worth
doing
is
worthy
of
being
done
well.(do)
④Do
you
think
the
car
is
worth
repairing?
→Do
you
think
the
car
is
worthy
to
be
repaired?
→Do
you
think
the
car
is
worthy
of
being
repaired?
→Do
you
think
it
is
worthwhile
repairing/to
repair
the
car?
知识要点6 go
about忙于某事，继续做某事；着手做，开始做
(教材P21) Today
I
shall
spend
in
the
workaday
world，amid
the
haunts
of
men
going
about
the
business
of
life.
今天，我将在当前的平凡世界中度过，到为生活奔忙的人们常去的地方。
[例1] The
children
are
going
about
their
homework
carefully
tonight.
今晚孩子们正忙着认真地做他们的作业。
[例2] I
want
to
learn
German
but
I
don't
know
the
best
way
to
go
about
it。
我想学德语，但我不知道怎么样学最好。
[知识拓展]
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The
woman
biologist
who
stayed
in
Africa
for
13
years
must
have
gone
through
a
lot
of
difficulties.
②All
the
employees
at
the
company
are
going
about
their
business
as
usual.
③The
sun
goes
up
in
the
east
and
goes
down
in
the
west.
④Her
mother
expected
her
to
be
a
doctor，but
she
went
against
her
mother's
wish.
⑤I
haven't
go
in
for
poetry
before，but
now
I'm
beginning
to
take
an
interest
in
it.
我之前对诗歌不感兴趣，但是现在我开始对它有兴趣了。
知识要点7 close
in
on包围，逼近，逐渐接近
(教材P21) At
midnight
permanent
night
would
close
in
on
me
again.
到了午夜，永恒的黑夜将再次包围我。
[例] Before
the
thieves
can
flee，the
police
close
in
on
them.
警察包围了他们，小偷无处可逃。
[知识拓展]
(1)close
in
(夜色)渐浓；迫近；(白昼)渐短
close
down
关闭；停止播音
(2)get
close
to
靠近，接近
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Do
not
touch，get
close
to，feed
or
pick
up
wild
animals.
②Do
you
know
that
restaurant
round
the
corner？It's
closed
down．
③They
gathered
around
the
fire
as
the
night
closed
in．
④He
sat
up
and
felt
the
dark
walls
of
Santa
Caterina
close
in
on
him.
他坐起来，感到圣卡塔林纳的黑黢黢的墙壁将他团团围住了。
知识要点8 knock
over/down撞倒某人；撞翻；拆毁，摧毁
(教材P23) Because
we
couldn't
see
where
anything
was，my
friend
and
I
knocked
over
glasses
and
dropped
food.
因为我们看不到东西在哪里，我和我的朋友打翻了玻璃杯，把食物弄掉了。
[例1] I
put
the
milk
bottle
there.Who
knocked
it
over？我把牛奶瓶放在那儿，谁把它打翻了？
[例2] A
car
knocked
over
the
lady
at
the
street
corner
last
weekend.
上周末，一辆汽车在街角处把这位女士给撞倒了。
[知识拓展]
knock
at/on
敲
knock
around
漫游，在某地四处旅行
knock
out
把……击昏；击败
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①I
knocked
around
with
an
old
friend
while
I
was
having
a
trip
in
Beijing
last
week.
②You
should
knock
at/on
the
door
first
before
you
enter
the
teachers'
office.
③Carelessly，I
knocked
over
my
teacup
and
the
tea
spilled
all
over
the
table.
④Unfortunately，Beth
was
knocked
down/over
by
a
motorcycle
when
she
was
crossing
the
street.
知识要点9 embarrassed
adj.难堪的，尴尬的
(教材P23) I
felt
embarrassed，even
though
no
one
could
see
me.
我觉得很尴尬，尽管没人能看见我。
[例] Feeling
embarrassed，he
muttered
a
few
words
and
walked
off.
他很尴尬，嘟囔了几句走开了。
[知识拓展]
(1)be/feel
embarrassed
at/about
sth.
对……感到尴尬
be/feel
embarrassed
to
do
sth.
对做……感到尴尬
(2)embarrass
vt.
使窘迫；使为难
embarrassment
n.
窘迫；令人窘迫的事
embarrassing
adj.
令人尴尬的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①It
was
embarrassing(embarrass)
to
say
anything
to
his
wife
about
his
job.
②We
apologize
for
any
embarrassment
(embarrass)
this
may
have
caused.
③I
was
embarrassed
about/at
forgetting
his
name.
我对把他的名字忘了感到尴尬。
Sentence
Patterns
重点句式 “only＋状语(从句)”位于句首引起的部分倒装
(教材P21) Only
when
darkness
had
again
descended
upon
me
should
I
realize
how
much
I
had
left
unseen.
只有当黑暗再次降临，我才意识到我还有多少东西没有见到。
句式分析：该句使用了部分倒装结构。其正常语序是：I
should
realize
how...only
when
darkness...upon
me。only在此作状语，修饰由when引导的时间状语从句。
[例] Only
after
I
had
read
the
poem
a
second
time
did
I
make
sense
of
it.
我又读了一遍这首诗之后才理解了它的含义。
[知识拓展]
only所修饰的状语可以是副词、介词短语，也可以是状语从句，如果only修饰的是状语从句，要记住主句倒装，从句不倒装。
[即学即练] 完成句子/把句子变成以only开头的倒装句
①Only
then
did
I
realize(我才意识到)
the
mistakes
I
had
made.
②Only
when
a
child
grows
up
can
he
understand(他才能明白)his
parents'
intentions.
③We
can
make
our
earth
a
cleaner
planet
only
with
everyone
doing
his
part.
Only
with
everyone
doing
his
part
can
we
make
our
earth
a
cleaner
planet.
④The
teacher
realized
that
she
had
left
the
textbook
at
home
only
when
she
walked
into
the
classroom.
Only
when
the
teacher
walked
into
the
classroom
did
she
realize
that
she
had
left
the
textbook
at
home.
[名师点津]
only修饰主语时，不用倒装结构。
细节理解题
对此类题型，学生可以首先从问题中找到关键词，然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节，找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别。
[例文]
Napa
and
Sonoma
Wine
Country
Tour
Escape
to
California's
famous
wine
country
on
this
full?day
tour
from
San
Francisco.Taste
regional
varietals
at
three
different
wineries
including
both
big?name
and
family?run
estates
(庄园)．Learn
about
the
winemaking
process
during
guided
tours，and
appreciate
the
regional
culture
with
a
stop
for
lunch.
What
can
you
do
on
Napa
and
Sonoma
Wine
Country
Tour?
A．Appreciate
some
of
the
oldest
and
tallest
trees
on
Earth.
B．Enjoy
supersized
natural
wonders.
C．Get
some
winemaking
knowledge.
D．Take
a
ride
on
the
boat.
[答案] C
[即学即练] 请快速确定下面这段文字的细节理解题的答案
Josh's
fund?raising
efforts
began
to
produce
results.Still，there
were
challenges.Four
months
before
his
deadline，he
was
$30，000
short.He
decided
to
hold
Family
Fun
Fair
and
Spaghetti
Dinner
in
Uxbridge，which
is
in
the
province
of
Ontario.The
event
raised
$19，000.
Why
was
the
Family
Fun
Fair
and
Spaghetti
Dinner
event
held
in
Uxbridge?
A．To
attain
his
goal.
B．To
call
for
more
attention.
C．To
win
approval
from
the
locals.
D．To
find
sponsors
for
a
family.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据本段“Four
months
before
his
deadline，he
was
$30，000
short.He
decided
to
hold
Family
Fun
Fair
and
Spaghetti
Dinner
in
Uxbridge，which
is
in
the
province
of
Ontario.The
event
raised
$19，000.”可知，在他的最后期限前4个月，他缺少30
000美元。他决定在Uxbridge举办家庭娱乐博览会和意大利面晚餐。这是为了实现他的目标，筹集钱。故选A。
[答案] A
10/101．inform
v．通知，告知→information
n．信息
2．rare
adj.罕见的；稀少的→rarely
adv.很少，难得
3．reject
v．拒绝，否决→rejection
n．拒绝，否决
4．persevere
v．锲而不舍，坚持不懈→perseverance
n．毅力；坚持
5．critic
n．批评者→critical
adj.批评的→criticize
v．批评，挑剔→criticism
n．批评；指责
6．delight
n．使人高兴的事→delighted
adj.高兴的；愉快的→delightful
adj.令人愉快的，讨人喜欢的
7．debt
n．债务，欠款→debtor
n．债务人
guarantee
n．保证；保证书；担保；担保人；抵押品v.保证；确保
1．Wealth
is
not
always
a
guarantee
of
happiness.
n.保证
2．He
put
up
his
house
as
a
guarantee.
n.抵押品
3．I
guarantee
I
can
be
an
excellent
volunteer
and
serve
visitors
well.
v.保证
Words
and
Phrase
知识要点1 debt
n．债务，欠款
(教材P13) When
the
funds
are
low
and
the
debts
are
high，...
当资金少而债务多的时候，……
[例] He
was
so
good
to
me
that
I
can
never
repay
the
debt
I
owe
him.
他对我太好了，我永远也还不清这份人情。
[知识拓展]
in
debt
负债(状态)
be
in
heavy
debt
负债累累
be
out
of
debt
不欠债(状态)
go/get/run
into
debt
负债(动作)
pay
off
all
the
debts
还清债务(动作)
be
in
sb.'s
debt＝be
in
debt
to
sb.
欠某人的人情债；
受某人的恩惠；感激某人
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Nearly
half
the
college
students
said
they
were
in
debt.
②It's
much
easier
to
get
into
debt
than
get
out
of
debt.
③If
I
make
good
money
this
time，I'll
pay
off
all
my
debts
first.
如果这次能挣大钱，我就先还清所有债务。
[小片段填空]
Mike
had
been
in
debt
for
many
years，but
he
worked
hard
day
and
night
and
managed
to
get
out
of
debt.However，his
father
fell
seriously
ill
suddenly
and
Mike
ran
into
debt
to
save
his
father.Mike
felt
helpless
as
he
didn't
know
how
to
pay
off
the
debts，Mr.White
offered
him
a
good
job
to
help
him，so
Mike
often
said
to
Mr.White，“I
will
always
remember
your
kindness
and
I'm
forever
in
your
debt.”
知识要点2
pace
n．速度；进度；步速；节奏
(教材P13) Don't
give
up
though
the
pace
seems
slow...
尽管进度似乎很慢，但不要放弃……
[例] I
prefer
the
relaxed
pace
of
life
in
the
country.
我喜爱乡间那悠闲的生活节奏。
[知识拓展]
at
one's
own
pace
以某人自己的速度
keep
pace
with
跟上，(与……)并驾齐驱；
(与……)步调一致
set
the
pace
定步速；起带头作用
the
pace
of
life
生活节奏
pace
up
and
down
来回踱步
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Students
study
at
their
own
pace
and
the
teachers
seldom
set
tests.
②Until
now，wage
increases
have
always
kept
pace
with
inflation.
③He
paced
up
and
down，waiting
for
the
doctor
to
call.
他踱来踱去，等着医生的电话。
知识要点3 (教材P14) “We
regret
to
inform
you...”
“我们很遗憾地通知你……”
(1)regret
v．&
n．遗憾；懊悔
[例] “I
regret
to
inform
Canberrans
that
we
have
our
first
case
of
COVID?19
in
the
territory，”Barr
said
at
a
press
conference.
巴尔在新闻发布会上说：“我很遗憾地通知Canberrans，我们在该地区发现了第一例新型冠状病毒肺炎感染者。”
[知识拓展]
regret
to
do
sth.
对要做的某事感到遗憾(to
do的具体形式通
常是inform、say、tell的不定式)
regret
doing/having
done
sth.
后悔做过某事(已经做了)
regret＋that从句
很遗憾……
(much)
to
one's
regret
令人(非常)遗憾的是
with
regret
遗憾地
express
regret
at/about/for
对……表示遗憾
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①I
don't
regret
telling/having
told(tell)
her
what
I
thought.
②I
regret
to
tell(tell)
you
that
you
have
failed
again
in
the
examination.
③We
informed
her
with
regret
of
our
decision.
④We
regret
that
we
are
unable
to
reconsider
your
case.
我们很遗憾无法重新考虑你的情况。
[小片段填空]
I
regretted
to
tell
(tell)
her
that
she
had
been
dismissed.Much
to
my
regret，she
said
to
me，“I
have
no
regret.I
only
regret
taking/having
taken
(take)
the
wrong
job.”
(2)inform
v．通知，告知
[例] If
you
threaten
me
or
use
any
force，I
shall
inform
the
police.
你要是威胁我或是动武，我就报警。
[知识拓展]
(1)inform
sb.
of
sth.
通知某人某事
inform
sb.
that...
告知某人……
(2)informed
adj.
了解情况的；有见识的；有学问的
keep
sb.
informed
of
sth.
使某人知道某事；
随时报告某人某事
(3)information
n.
信息(不可数)
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Thanks
for
informing
us
of
the
change
in
the
schedule
so
that
we
can
make
necessary
adjustments.
②I
hope
you
will
keep
us
informed(inform)
of
how
you
are
getting
on
with
your
work.
③They
have
bought
some
gardening
tools
and
often
get
some
useful
information
(inform)
from
the
Internet.
④He
has
been
informed
that
he
doesn't
qualify
for
the
scholarship
because
of
his
academic
background.
他已经被告知，因为教育背景他不具备获得奖学金的资格。
知识要点4 rarely
adv.很少，难得
(教材P14) Everyone
knows
that
success
rarely
happens
overnight...
每个人都知道成功很少在一夜之间发生……
[例] I
often
deal
with
customers
on
the
phone
and
rarely
meet
them
face?to?face.
我经常用电话和客户打交道，很少和他们见面。
[知识拓展]
rare
adj.
稀少的，稀罕的；珍贵的
it
is
rare
(for
sb.)
to
do
sth.
(某人)难得做某事，(某人)很少做某事
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/句型转换
①It's
apparently
rare
for
anyone
to
have
(have)
two
legs
the
same
length.
②Tom
is
an
honest
boy.Rarely
(rare)
does
he
fail
to
keep
his
promise.
③A
debate
rarely
attracted
so
much
media
attention.
→Rarely
did
a
debate
attract
so
much
media
attention.(倒装句)
[名师点津]
rarely是具有否定意义的副词，位于句首时，句子往往要部分倒装，即把句中的助动词、系动词等移至主语之前，有类似用法的词还有never、little、seldom、hardly、nor
等。
知识要点5 have
sth.
in
common
(with
sb.
or
sth.)与……有(想法、兴趣、特征等)相同之处
(教材P14) When
she
received
her
first
rejection
letter，she
decided
that
it
meant
she
now
had
something
in
common
with
her
favourite
writers...
当她收到第一封拒绝信时，她认为这意味着她现在和她最喜欢的作家有了共同点……
[例] We
are
attracted
by
each
other，because
we
have
something
in
common.
我们惺惺相惜，是因为我们有共同之处。
[知识拓展]
have
nothing
in
common
无共同之处
have
little
in
common
几乎无共同之处
have
a
lot
in
common
有许多共同之处
in
common
with
和……一样；和……有共同之处
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①What
all
the
inventors
have
in
common
is
that
they
are
curious
about
the
things
around.
②In
common
with
other
new
mothers，I
find
it
difficult
to
balance
my
career
with
motherhood.
③They
are
twin
sisters，but
they
have
nothing
in
common．
她们是双胞胎姐妹，但她们毫无共同之处。
知识要点6 turn
down调小(声音等)；拒绝
(教材P14) I
wasn't
going
to
give
up
until
every
single
publisher
turned
me
down...
在每个出版商拒绝我之前，我不会放弃……
[例] She
could
not
bear
the
endless
music
and
turned
down
the
volume.
她受不了没完没了的音乐，就把音量调小了。
[知识拓展]
turn
up
出现；到场；开大，调高(音量、热量等)
turn
around/round
转身
turn
out
证明是；结果是
turn
to
转向；求助于
turn
over
翻转；移交
turn
on/off
打开/关闭(开关)
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①He
said
he
was
a
doctor；but
later
he
turned
out
to
be
a
cheat.
②To
my
surprise，he
failed
to
turn
up．
③As
he
turned
around/round，he
was
surprised
to
see
that
the
man
had
disappeared.
④Please
tell
Tom
not
to
leave
the
classroom
unless
he
makes
sure
that
all
the
lights
are
turned
(turn)
off.
⑤Tom
had
to
turn
down
the
invitation
to
the
party
last
weekend
because
he
was
too
busy.
上个周末，汤姆不得不拒绝参加宴会的邀请，因为他太忙了。
知识要点7 guarantee
v．保证；确保；保障n.保证；保证书
(教材P15) So，it
seems
that
talent
alone
isn't
enough
to
guarantee
success.
所以，似乎光靠天赋不足以保证成功。
[例1] I
guarantee
that
if
you
take
this
medicine，you'll
soon
get
well.
我保证你吃了这药很快就会好。
[例2] A
famous
old
name
on
a
firm
is
not
necessarily
a
guarantee
of
quality.
公司悠久的品牌并不能确保商品的质量。
[知识拓展]
(1)guarantee
sb.
sth.(＝ensure
sb.
sth.)
保证某人得到某物
guarantee
to
do
sth.
保证做某事
guarantee＋that从句
确保……
guarantee
sth.
for
some
time
对……保修多久
(2)give
sb.
a
guarantee＋that从句
向某人保证……
under
guarantee
在保修期内
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①We
should
pay
attention
to
small
details，which
can
guarantee
to
succeed
(succeed)
in
the
end.
②If
there
should
be
something
wrong
with
the
camera
while
it
is
still
under
guarantee，we
would
repair
it
at
our
expense.
③I
guarantee
to
be
here
tomorrow.
我保证明天来这里。
知识要点8 delighted
adj.高兴的，愉快的
(教材P15) We
are
delighted
to
inform
you...
我们很高兴地通知你……
[例] I
was
delighted
to
be
able
to
eat
my
favorite
dishes
to
my
heart's
content.
我很高兴能够痛痛快快地吃我最喜爱的菜。
[知识拓展]
(1)be
delighted
at/by...
由于……而高兴
be
delighted
with...
对……感到高兴/满意
be
delighted
to
do
sth.
很高兴做某事
be
delighted＋that从句
很高兴……
(2)delight
v.
(使)愉快
n.
高兴/快乐的事
to
one's
delight
令某人高兴的是……
(3)delightful
adj.
令人快乐的，讨人喜欢的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①I
am
always
delighted
to
receive
(receive)
your
letters.
②It
is
a
truly
delightful
(delight)
place
with
winding
streets
and
pretty
cottages.
③To
our
delight，varieties
of
birds
in
the
forest
are
on
the
increase.
④Sophie
has
moved
to
the
countryside
and
she
is
delighted
with
her
new
home.
索菲亚已经搬到乡下住了，她对新家很满意。
[小片段填空]
Today，a
piece
of
good
news
delighted
(delight)
Lily.When
class
began，the
maths
teacher
was
delighted
to
tell
(tell)
the
whole
class.“To
my
delight，the
results
of
the
test
are
excellent，and
Lily
gets
full
marks.This
is
a
delightful
(delight)
result；next
Lily
will
share
her
experience
with
us.”
Sentence
Patterns
重点句式1 “have
sth.
done”结构
(教材P14) Emily
Bront?
had
to
pay
to
have
her
poetry
published．
艾米莉·勃朗特不得不花钱出版她的诗集。
句式分析：“have
sth.
done”结构，意为“使某事被做”。publish与her
poetry
之间为逻辑上的动宾关系。
[例] You
should
understand
the
traffic
rule
by
now.We've
had
it
explained
enough
to
you.
到现在你应该理解这条交通规则了吧，我们已经给你解释得够多了。
[知识拓展]
(1)“have
sth.
done”结构中，have为使役动词，意为“使，让”。“have
sth.
done”结构可表示三种含义：
a．(主语)
请/派别人完成某事。
b．(主语)完成某事。
c．(主语)遭受某种不幸的情况。
(2)have
sb.
do
sth.让某人做某事。宾语sb.与do构成逻辑上的主谓关系。
(3)have
sb./sth.
doing
sth.让某人/某物一直做某事，强调动作一直在持续。宾语sb./sth.与do构成逻辑上的主谓关系。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Joe
had
me
find(find)
a
car
for
him.
②I'm
sorry
to
have
you
waiting(wait)
here
so
long.
③I
had
my
watch
stolen(steal)
last
night.
④Before
you
came
back
I
had
had
all
my
mistakes
corrected(把所有的错误都改正过来了)．
⑤I
had
my
leg
broken(我的一条腿摔断了)
when
I
got
off
the
bus.
重点句式2 It
seems
that...
(教材P15) So，it
seems
that
talent
alone
isn't
enough
to
guarantee
success.
所以，似乎光靠天赋并不足以保证成功。
句式分析：“It
seems＋that从句”，其中it
是形式主语，that引导主语从句。
[例] It
seems
to
me
that
Mr.
Brown
will
not
come
again.
在我看来，布朗先生不会再来了。
[知识拓展]
除了“It
seems＋that从句”结构，seem还常用于下列句式：
(1)“主语＋seem(s)＋(to
be
)＋表语”，表语多为名词或形容词，有时是其他的词或短语，以说明主语的特征或状态。
(2)“主语＋seem(s)＋不定式”，此句型中的seem与不定式一起构成复合谓语。
(3)“There＋seem(s)
to
be＋名词”，其中to
be
可省略。seem
的单复数形式要根据后面作主语的名词的单复数形式确定。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Her
mind
seemed
to
be
wandering(wander)
and
she
didn't
recognize
us.
②She
seemed
to
have
forgotten(forget)
her
promise.
③There
doesn't
seem
to
be
much
hope
of
our
beating
that
team.
④Except
for
one
minor
disease，he
seemed
to
be
in
excellent
health(似乎非常健康)．
⑤The
children
seemed
to
be
eating(似乎正在吃)
something
in
the
room.
重点句式3 祈使句＋连词＋陈述句
(教材P15) Keep
trying
and
eventually
you
will
read
the
words
“We
are
delighted
to
inform
you...”
继续努力，最终你会读到“我们很高兴地通知你……”
句式分析：本句是“祈使句＋连词＋陈述句”句式，其中祈使句表示条件。
[例] Come
early，and
you'll
see
Zhong
Nanshan.
早点来，你会见到钟南山的。
[知识拓展]
“祈使句＋连词＋陈述句”句型的具体形式：
(1)祈使句＋and＋陈述句
(2)祈使句＋or
(else)/otherwise＋陈述句
注意：(1)中还有以下两种变化形式：
①祈使句＋破折号＋陈述句
②名词词组(通常含有more、another、further等词)＋and＋陈述句
[即学即练] 完成句子/同义句转换
①Try
some
of
this
juice—perhaps
you'll
like
it(也许你会喜欢的)．
②Hurry
up，or
you'll
be
late
again(否则你会又迟到的)．
③Work
hard
and
you
will
make
progress.
→If
you
work
hard，you'll
make
progress.
④Let's
keep
to
the
point，or
we
will
never
reach
any
decisions.
→Unless
we
keep
to
the
point/If
we
don't
keep
to
the
point，we
will
never
reach
any
decisions.
⑤One
more
week，and
we
will
accomplish
the
task.
→Give
us
one
more
week，and
we
will
accomplish
the
task.
→If
we
have
one
more
week/If
you
give
us
one
more
week，we
will
accomplish
the
task.
1．(教材P14)The
response
from
a
publisher
comes
back
and
the
writer
eagerly
opens
and
reads
it，their
hearts
sinking
when
they
reach
that
final
sentence.
[分析] 本句为复合句。their
hearts
sinking为独立主格结构，在句中作状语；when
they
reach
that
final
sentence为when引导的时间状语从句。
[译文] 出版商的答复回来了，作者急切地展开阅读，当他们读到最后一句时，他们的心沉了下来。
2．(教材P15)In
fact，it
is
within
the
pages
of
Jane
Eyre
that
we
can
find
these
words：“I
honour
endurance，perseverance，industry，talent；because
these
are
the
means
by
which
men
achieve
great
ends...”
[分析] 本句为复合句。it
is
within
the
pages
of
Jane
Eyre
that
we
can
find
these
words是强调句，强调状语within
the
pages
of
Jane
Eyre；直接引语中，because引导原因状语从句，by
which引导定语从句，修饰先行词means。
[译文] 事实上，正是在《简·爱》这本书里，我们能够找到这些话：“我尊崇忍耐力、毅力、勤奋和才干；因为这些是人们实现伟大目标所凭借的手段……”
教材
高考
1.When
the
funds
are
low
and
the
debts
are
high...
(2019·天津卷)Most
of
his
adult
life
has
been
a
losing
struggle
against
debt
and
misfortune.
2.Don't
give
up
though
the
pace
seems
slow...
(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)According
to
most
calculations，race
walkers
moving
at
a
pace
of
six
miles
per
hour
would
burn
about
800
calories(卡路里)
per
hour...
3.We
regret
to
inform
you...
(2020·天津卷)Once
the
book
you've
requested
is
delivered
to
the
nearest
branch，they
will
inform
you
by
e?mail，so
you
can
pick
it
up.
4.So，it
seems
that
talent
alone
isn't
enough
to
guarantee
success.
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Data
security
measures
are
guaranteed.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Now
that
many
changes
have
taken
place，we
should
keep
pace
with
the
changes
too.
2．We
were
poor
but
we
never
got
into
debt.
3．They
were
rarely(rare)
seen
together
and
certainly
did
not
travel
together.
4．Feeling
rather
hurt，I
struggled
to
understand
this
rejection(reject)．
5．He
is
trying
to
shelter
his
student
from
criticism(criticize)．
6．Go
there，and
you
are
guaranteed
to
enjoy(enjoy)
the
sights
in
their
natural
state.
7．I
regret
to
say(say)
it
is
not
always
easy
to
do
the
right
thing.
8．Comparing
them，you
will
find
there
is
something
in
common
between
them.
9．Aunt
Lucy
is
always
turning
up
without
warning
and
bringing
us
presents.
10．Mr.Huang
will
play
a
leading
part
in
the
movement.
Ⅱ.短语填空
regret
to，take
for
example，have...in
common，stick...on，a
touch
of，turn
down，a
total
of，play
a
part
1．If
you
like，stick
a
picture
of
the
country
on
the
cover.
2．He
was
disappointed
to
find
his
suggestions
turned
down．
3．Those
two
brothers
not
only
look
alike，but
also
they
have
a
lot
in
common．
4．Communication
along
with
information
industry
plays
an
important
part
in
modern
times.
5．Honey，I
regret
to
say
I
can't
go
to
the
get?together
tonight.I'm
tired
out.
6．There
is
a
touch
of
frost
in
the
air.
7．At
present，we
are
studying
a
total
of
nine
subjects.
8．I
know
many
women
who
have
a
career
and
a
family—take
for
example
Alison.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
What
does
every
writer
most
dread
1.reading
(read)
among
the
comments
from
publishers？Yes，it's
“We
regret
2.to
inform
(inform)
you...”，which
will
make
the
writers'
hearts
sink.In
fact，a
lot
of
highly
successful
writers
have
3.previously
(previous)
faced
rejection.
J.
K.
Rowling，after
a
total
of
twelve
rejections，eventually
got
her
first
book
Harry
Potter
published，which
became
4.a
global
success.
Another
famous
writer
J.
D.
Salinger
persevered
5.in
working
on
his
novel
The
Catcher
in
the
Rye
despite
the
criticism
along
with
rejections
from
several
publishers
and
when
it
was
eventually
published，it
became
an
immediate
best?seller.
The
three
Bronte
sisters
lived
in
the
Victorian
Age，a
time
6.when
women
were
not
encouraged
to
become
writers.Although
they
7.dreamed/dreamt
(dream)
of
seeing
their
words
in
print，they
experienced
many
rejections.However，they
persevered
and
now，Charlotte's
Jane
Eyre，Emily's
Wuthering
Heights
and
Anne's
Agnes
Grey
8.are
regarded
(regard)
as
classics
of
world
literature.
From
the
stories
above，we
can
learn
that
it's
9.perseverance
(persevere)
that
made
them
realize
their
dreams.Therefore，keep
trying
and
eventually
you'll
read
the
words
“We
are
10.delighted(delight)
to
inform
you...”
13/13速读P14－15教材课文，完成下列任务：
Ⅰ.阅读判断
判断下列句子提供的信息是正确，还是错误，还是没有提及。
1．All
the
successful
writers
have
previously
faced
rejection.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not
mentioned.
2．When
J．K.Rowling
first
wrote
her
novels，she
was
rich.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not
mentioned.
3．Harry
Potter
has
been
translated
into
more
than
70
different
languages.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not
mentioned.
4．J.D.Salinger
stopped
writing
during
the
Second
World
War.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not
mentioned.
5．The
three
sisters
from
England
once
used
a
male
name
to
publish.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not
mentioned.
[答案] 1－5 BBABA
Ⅱ.补全信息
选择正确选项填入空白处，补全所给句子提供的信息。
A.seeing
their
words
in
print
B．giving
up
your
weekends
and
free
time
C．serving
in
the
US
Army
during
the
Second
World
War
D．surviving
on
little
money
E．writing
short
stories
in
high
school
1．You
may
have
spent
years
________
to
write
your
life's
work，yet
still
this
is
often
not
enough.
2．Rowling
had
spent
years
________．
3．J.D.Salinger
started
________．
4．Even
when
________，J.D.Salinger
didn't
give
up
writing.
5．Three
sisters
from
Victorian
England
dreamt
of
________．
[答案] 1－5 BDECA
Ⅲ.表格填空
Success
rarely
happens
overnight.A
lot
of
highly
successful
writers
have
previously
1.faced
rejection.
When
J．K.Rowling
first
received
her
rejection
letter，she
2.stuck
it
on
the
wall，thinking
she
3.had
something
in
common
with
famous
writers.
She
spent
years
4．surviving
on
little
money.Although
many
publishers
rejected
her，she
persevered
and
finally
her
novel，
Harry
Potter
became
a
5.global
success.
J.D.Salinger
started
writing
in
high
school.
6．Despite
rejections
from
publishers，he
refused
to
give
up.Even
during
the
Second
World
War，he
worked
on.
Finally，the
book
turned
out
to
be
an
7.immediate
best?seller
and
sold
millions
of
copies.
Three
sisters
from
Victorian
England
dreamt
of
seeing
their
words
8．published，but
at
that
time，
women
were
not
encouraged
to
become
writers.
The
three
sisters
didn't
stop
trying
and
even
wrote
a
book
under
9.male
names.Their
works
are
regarded
as
classics
of
world
literature.
Talent
isn't
not
enough
to
guarantee
success.10．Perseverance
is
the
key.
细读P14－15教材课文，完成下列任务：
Ⅰ.主旨匹配
( )1.Para.1
A．The
experience
of
rejection
of
three
sisters
from
Victorian
England.
( )2.Para.2
B．Perseverance
is
the
key
to
success.
( )3.Para.3
C．J.K.
Rowling's
experience
of
rejection.
( )4.Para.4
D．J.D.
Salinger's
experience
of
rejection.
( )5.Para.5
E．Many
highly
successful
writers
have
faced
rejection
before.
[答案] 1－5 ECDAB
Ⅱ.单项选择
1．What
can
we
learn
from
Paragraph
1?
A．Every
writer
was
happy
when
receiving
the
response
from
a
publisher.
B．The
author
suggests
that
every
writer
should
give
up
weekends
to
write.
C．A
number
of
very
successful
writers
have
been
rejected
before.
D．Not
many
writers
believe
success
rarely
happens
overnight.
2．What
can
we
learn
about
J．K.Rowling?
A．She
was
an
excellent
cook.
B．She
usually
wrote
in
the
kitchen.
C．She
stuck
to
writing
when
rejected.
D．She
published
her
novel
on
the
Internet.
3．Who
once
served
in
the
army
according
to
the
text?
A．J.K.Rowling.
B．J.D.Salinger.
C．Charlotte
Bront?.
D．Emily
Bront?.
4．Why
did
the
three
sisters
write
a
book
of
poems
using
male
names?
A．Because
women
weren't
supported
to
be
writers.
B．Because
they
got
Robert
Southey's
objection.
C．Because
they
wanted
to
see
their
words
in
print.
D．Because
their
novels
were
unsuccessful.
5．Which
of
the
following
words
can
best
describe
the
writers
mentioned
in
the
text?
A．Enthusiastic.
B．Cooperative.
C．Persevering.
D．Generous.
[答案] 1－5 CCBBC
Ⅲ.读后续写微技能
读后续写微技能(二)——描述心理活动
A．阅读文中含有描述心理活动的语句。
1．...their
hearts
sinking
when
they
reach
that
final
sentence.
2．...but
I
often
feared
that
would
happen.
3．How
was
it
possible，I
asked
myself，to
walk
for
an
hour...
B．判断下列语句中哪个是描述心理活动的？
1．Nevertheless，the
sisters
didn't
stop
trying.
2．We
are
delighted
to
inform
you...
3．The
following
morning，I
should
again
greet
the
dawn，anxious
to
discover
new
delights，new
revelations
of
beauty.
[答案] 3
4/4课时分层作业(六)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Father's
Day，a
boxy(箱状的)bright
red
boat，was
designed
and
made
by
Hugo
Vihlen.It
had
no
room
for
unnecessary
things
and
only
very
limited
room
for
him.
Vihlen
once
made
an
85?day
crossing
of
the
Atlantic
Ocean
in
1968.It
was
then
the
smallest
boat
to
have
made
the
journey.The
sailing
boat
April
Fool
was
5
feet
and
11
inches
long.But
Tom
McNally
broke
the
world
record
in
1993
by
crossing
the
Atlantic
in
a
boat
that
was
5
feet
and
4.5
inches
long.
Determined
to
regain
the
world
record，Hugo
set
out
alone
later
that
same
year
to
cross
the
Atlantic
from
Newfoundland
to
Falmouth.This
time
he
was
in
Father's
Day，his
home?built
boat，which
was
half
an
inch
shorter
than
McNally's.
During
his
crossing，Hugo
had
to
sleep
on
his
back
with
his
knees
bent.He
woke
every
hour
to
check
his
heading
direction
and
general
sailing
conditions.After
facing
everything
the
Atlantic
could
throw
at
him，and
some
close
encounters
with
large
ships，Hugo
arrived
in
Falmouth
105
days
later.He
could
hardly
walk
and
had
lost
34
pounds
in
weight，but
he
had
regained
his
record.
His
reception
on
arrival
in
Falmouth
was
hardly
a
hero's
welcome.One
of
the
waiting
journalists
found
him
a
pizza
to
eat
while
his
boat
was
taken
to
a
local
sailing
boat
club.When
the
party
arrived
at
the
sailing
club
for
a
celebration
tea，they
found
the
club
closed.He
felt
a
pity
for
that.But
luckily，a
member
of
the
public
brought
a
bottle
of
champagne(香槟酒)to
toast
his
success.
What
better
time
to
look
back
at
Hugo
Vihlen's
daring
achievements
than
on
Father's
Day？17
years
later，along
with
his
boxy
bright
red
boat
Father's
Day，he
perhaps
still
holds
the
world
record
for
sailing
across
the
Atlantic
Ocean
in
the
smallest
boat.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Hugo
Vihlen乘坐自制小船横渡大西洋创造世界纪录的故事。
1．Why
did
Hugo
Vihlen
cross
the
Atlantic
in
his
boat
in
1993?
A．To
test
his
newly
built
boat.
B．To
make
Father's
Day
famous.
C．To
draw
public
attention
to
sailing.
D．To
break
Tom
McNally's
world
record.
D [细节理解题。根据第二段的“...Tom
McNally
broke
the
world
record
in
1993...”和第三段“Determined
to
regain
the
world
record，Hugo
set
out
alone
later
that
same
year
to
cross
the
Atlantic...”可知，HugoVihlen是为了打破Tom
McMally的世界纪录。]
2．What
can
we
learn
about
Hugo
Vihlen's
crossing
the
Atlantic
Ocean?
A．It
took
half
a
year.
B．It
was
very
difficult
and
uncomfortable.
C．It
was
beyond
Hugo
Vihlen's
expectation.
D．It
made
Hugo
Vihlen
seriously
injured
a
few
times.
B [推理判断题。根据第四段“He
woke
every
hour...He
could
hardly
walk
and
had
lost
34
pounds
in
weight，but
he
had
regained
his
record.”可推断，这次横渡大西洋的过程非常艰辛且不舒服。]
3．How
was
Hugo
Vihlen's
reception
on
arrival
in
Falmouth?
A．It
attracted
a
great
deal
of
media
attention.
B．It
finally
turned
into
a
simple
celebration.
C．It
was
arranged
in
a
serious
way.
D．It
was
exactly
a
hero's
welcome.
B [推理判断题。根据第五段“When
the
party
arrived
at
the
sailing
club
for
a
celebration
tea，they
found
the
club
closed...a
bottle
of
champagne(香槟酒)
to
toast
his
success.”可推断，庆祝Hugo
Vihlen成功横渡大西洋的仪式最终从简举行。]
4．What
is
the
text
mainly
about?
A．The
legend
of
Father's
Day.
B．An
unexpected
new
world
record.
C．A
celebration
of
Hugo
Vihlen's
great
achievement.
D．Hugo
Vihlen's
story
of
sailing
across
the
Atlantic
Ocean.
D [主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了Hugo
Vihlen乘坐自制小船横渡大西洋的故事。]
B
When
gold
was
discovered
in
Coloma，California
in
1848，news
traveled
fast
and
many
went
there
to
find
their
fortune.Before
1849，California
was
a
place
focusing
mainly
on
agriculture.As
word
of
the
gold
discovery
spread，many
people
left
their
fields
to
seek
their
fortune.With
more
and
more
travelers
arriving，restaurants
and
hotels
were
built
to
feed
and
accommodate(提供住宿)them.
On
the
mining
sites，men
were
often
forced
to
cook
for
themselves
since
few
gold
diggers
were
women.In
the
early
days，both
food
and
riches
were
plentiful
and
miners
could
uncover
$2，000
worth
of
gold
in
just
one
day.When
it
came
to
food，there
were
plenty
of
wild
animals
to
be
hunted，and
meat，beans
and
coffee
could
be
purchased
at
a
reasonable
price.Times
appeared
to
be
good.
Over
time，because
the
majority
of
food
in
California
had
to
be
imported，it
became
very
expensive.Simple
foods
like
eggs
and
bread
were
sold
for
one
dollar
a
piece
in
1849.Besides，fruit
and
vegetables
were
scarce
(缺乏的)．Therefore，many
gold
diggers
couldn't
get
enough
food，and
some
even
had
no
food
at
all
at
last.But
the
gold
diggers
also
hated
to
tear
themselves
away
from
their
search
for
gold
and
turned
to
quick
and
simple
meals
that
could
be
cooked
over
hot
ashes.
During
the
Gold
Rush，San
Francisco's
famous
sourdough(酸面团)bread
became
a
main
type
of
food.Miners
would
often
buy
a
piece
in
the
morning
that
would
be
eaten
slowly
throughout
the
day.The
Boudin
family，who
came
from
France，was
partly
responsible
for
putting
San
Francisco
sourdough
on
the
map.The
Boudin
bakery
has
used
the
same
sourdough，a
piece
of
so?called
mother
dough
since
1849.And
when
the
1906
earthquake
hit，Louise
Boudin
managed
to
save
some
sourdough，ensuring
that
each
piece
of
bread
that
came
from
the
bakery
would
be
linked
throughout
history.So
far
the
Boudin
bakery
has
remained
in
California，using
the
sourdough
that
is
the
same
as
the
one
in
1849.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国加利福尼亚淘金热时期的一种食物——旧金山酸面团面包的由来。
5．What
change
took
place
in
California
after
1849?
A．The
environment
got
damaged
by
gold
diggers.
B．Gold
diggers
from
outside
became
its
main
population.
C．Fanuing
and
the
gold
industry
pushed
each
other
forward.
D．Business
of
eating
and
living
developed
due
to
the
Gold
Rush.
D [细节理解题。根据第一段“Before
1849，California...focusing
mainly
on...”及“With...
restaurants
and
hotels
were
built
to...”可知，1849年后，随着淘金者的涌入，加利福尼亚的餐饮住宿业发展了起来。]
6．What
can
we
infer
about
gold
diggers
from
Paragraph
3?
A．Many
sadly
left
without
any
gold.
B．Many
had
to
bring
food
from
home.
C．Many
likely
ended
up
with
poor
health.
D．Many
probably
turned
to
unique
ingredients.
C [推理判断题。根据第三段“...fruit
and
vegetables
were
scarce...many
gold
diggers...some
even
had
no
food
at
all
at
last.”可推断，由于食物短缺，淘金者的健康受到影响，身体很可能变差。]
7．What's
Boudin
family's
contribution
to
California?
A．Helping
discover
lots
of
gold
there.
B．Rescuing
many
people
from
the
earthquake.
C．Creating
a
type
of
tasty
bread
for
Califormans.
D．Passing
down
some
food
culture
in
the
Gold
Rush.
D [细节理解题。根据第四段“The
Boudin
bakery
has
used
the
same
sourdough...would
be
linked
throughout
history.”可知，Boudin
bakery
一直使用从淘金热时期延续至今的酸面团，传承了淘金热时期的饮食文化。]
8．What's
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A．The
Origin
of
San
Francisco
Sourdough
B．The
Historical
Changes
of
California
C．The
Tough
Life
of
Early
Gold
Diggers
D．The
Rise
and
Fall
of
the
Gold
Rush
A [标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了美国加利福尼亚淘金热时期出现的一种酸面团面包。]
Ⅱ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I
am
the
kind
of
guy
who
likes
to
have
all
his
ducks
in
a
row.I'm
fairly
disciplined(守纪律的)and
expect
the
members
of
our
family
to
do
things
in
the
most
efficient
way，like
I
do.
I
especially
like
us
to
get
to
places
on
time.To
help
my
family，I
tell
them
the
exact
time
we're
going
to
leave
to
go
somewhere.That
means
they
have
to
be
seated
in
the
car，with
all
their
shopping
bags，lunch
bags，and
various
pieces
of
gear
(装备)．I
calculate
how
long
it
takes
to
drive
somewhere
and，if
we're
visiting
someone，when
we'll
arrive.
When
we
were
raising
our
children，we
lived
in
the
country，so
there
were
many
opportunities
to
drive
to
distant
places
and
train
everyone
to
leave
at
the
proper
time.One
such“distance
drive”was
to
hockey
practice
(曲棍球练习)．The
ice
surface
in
the
small
village
where
we
lived
was
not
big
enough
for
Bantam
hockey，the
minor
hockey
division
for
thirteen?to
fourteen?year?olds.That
meant
we
had
to
drive
to
the
next
town
thirty
miles
away，on
a
winding
mountain
road.Naturally，I
had
to
have
the
journey
timed
just
right
to
get
there
on
time.
To
save
time，I
had
my
son
Alex
put
on
his
hockey
gear
before
we
left
for
one
of
those
drives.I
could
work
a
few
minutes
after
school
where
I
taught
and
then
walk
home
in
five
minutes，in
time
to
drive
him
to
his
practice.Meanwhile，Alex
was
supposed
to
be
getting
ready
and
putting
on
his
gear.This
did
not
always
work
exactly
the
way
it
should
have.Alex
did
not
have
the
same
sense
of
discipline.
“Alex!
Get
going
and
get
dressed！”my
wife
would
call
out.“Dad
will
be
here
in
a
few
minutes！”
注意：1.续写的词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Usually，my
wife
organized
him
while
I
headed
straight
for
the
car，but
on
this
particular
day，I
first
went
into
the
house
to
take
a
snack._______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
After
driving
for
several
minutes，I
looked
back
in
the
mirror
to
finally
say
something._______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Usually，my
wife
organized
him
while
I
headed
straight
for
the
car，but
on
this
particular
day，I
first
went
into
the
house
to
take
a
snack.Minutes
went
by.However，I
didn't
see
Alex.“Where
is
that
boy？”I
wondered.I
was
seeing
red
by
then.Impatiently，I
got
into
the
car
and
closed
the
door.Out
of
the
corner
of
my
eye，I
caught
sight
of
Alex
sitting
in
the
back
seat，but
was
too
angry
to
say
anything.This
day，I
drove
a
bit
faster
than
usual，fearing
we
would
be
late
for
the
hockey
practice.Alex
needed
to
make
the
most
of
every
minute
of
his
time
on
the
ice.
After
driving
for
several
minutes，I
looked
back
in
the
mirror
to
finally
say
something.“What？”Where
was
Alex？I
was
sure
he
was
in
the
car.Looking
back
again，I
saw
that
what
I
had
thought
was
Alex's
head
with
his
helmet
on
was
really
a
basketball
under
the
window.I
was
already
twenty
miles
away.I
had
no
choice
but
to
turn
back.When
I
got
home，I
found
that
Alex
was
waiting
in
the
driveway，not
knowing
what
to
make
of
this
turn
of
events.
6/6经历感受类写作
该类写作描述个人经历，常以短文或日记等文体呈现；以一般过去式为主，按照事件发展的顺序来记叙。可以用一些与时间相关的副词如then，later，next衔接句子。至于感受部分，同学们平时可以多积累相关的单词或短语。
[基本框架]
1．开头(beginning)——引出主题
2．主体(body)——介绍事件
3．结尾(ending)——发表感受
[常用词块]
1．an
unforgettable
experience
一次难忘的经历
2．to
my
joy/delight
令我高兴的是
3．see
sb.
off为某人送行
4．a
five?day
tour
为期五天的旅行
5．live
a．..life过着……样的生活
6．win
the
first
prize获得一等奖
7．think
highly
of高度赞扬
8．set
a
good
example
for
sb.给某人树立好的榜样
[常用语句]
精彩开头
1．Last
week
I
went
to
Mount
Emei
in
Sichuan
Province
with
my
family.
上周，我和家人去了四川省的峨眉山。
2．I
will
never
forget
the
experience
when
I
went
to
Beijing
last
year.
我永远不会忘记去年去北京的经历。
3．Last
night
I
was
busy
preparing
for
my
test
when
I
heard
a
loud
noise.
昨天晚上我正忙于准备考试，突然我听到一个很大的声音。
正文佳句
1．On
the
hot
afternoon
of
last
Saturday，Li
Yu
went
downtown
and
walked
from
one
store
to
another.
上周六炎热的下午，李玉去了市中心，从一家商店逛到另一家商店。
2．I
looked
in
the
direction
of
the
call
and
saw
a
boy
falling
into
the
river.
我朝呼喊的方向看去，看见一个男孩掉进河里。
3．Throwing
the
fishing
pole，I
dashed
over
like
an
arrow，jumped
into
the
river
and
swam
very
quickly
towards
the
boy.
我扔下钓竿，像箭一样冲了过去，跳进河里，飞快地向男孩游去。
余味结尾
1．However，maybe
all
of
my
efforts
are
not
made
in
vain.
然而，也许我所有的努力都没有白费。
2．How
I
wish
I
could
go
back
to
enjoy
middle
school
life
once
more!
我多么希望我能再次回到中学生活中去！
3．But
they
will
remain
a
happy
memory
all
my
life.
但它们会成为我一生的快乐回忆。
人人都在渴望幸福，人人都在感受幸福。请用英语写一篇短文，描述你体验幸福的一次经历，并谈谈你对幸福的理解。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
I
still
remember
___________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
[学生习作]
I
still
remember
the
late
afternoon
when
it
was
cold
and
showering.I
didn't
have
an
umbrella
to
shelter
me
from
the
heavy
rain.I
had
to
stand
still
and
wait
for
my
father.My
father
finally
arrived.I
was
about
to
rush
home.I
found
that
my
English
teacher，Miss
Wang
was
also
waiting
for
the
rain
to
stop.I
went
to
her
and
gave
my
umbrella
to
her.She
accepted
it.I
smiled
with
happiness.
点评：
1．要点不完整，只是叙述了一次经历，缺少对幸福的理解。
2．文章松散，缺少有效的衔接。
3．句式单一，没有复杂句式。
[升格作文]
I
still
remember
the
late
afternoon
when
it
was
cold，and
it
was
showering.Without
an
umbrella，I
had
to
wait
for
my
father.After
seemingly
long
hours'
waiting，he
arrived.I
was
about
to
rush
home
when
I
found
my
English
teacher，Miss
Wang
was
also
waiting
for
the
rain
to
stop.Without
any
hesitation，I
gave
my
umbrella
to
her.Surprised
but
happy，she
accepted
it.Seeing
Miss
Wang
walking
in
the
rain
with
my
umbrella，I
smiled
with
happiness.In
fact
as
long
as
we
are
willing
to
share，we'll
find
happiness
everywhere.
你校英文报正在举办主题为“A
moving
experience”的征文活动，你有意参加。请你用英语写一篇短文，讲述一次让你感动的经历，并谈谈你的感悟。
注意：词数80左右。
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Last
Sunday，while
eating
in
a
restaurant，I
noticed
a
bowl
full
of
dumplings
on
the
table
next
to
ours.They
must
have
been
left
by
someone.Just
then，an
old
man
entered.
Judging
from
his
clothes，I
believed
he
was
poor.He
saw
the
dumplings
left
on
the
table.Looking
shy，he
sat
down
and
started
eating.
The
others
around
looked
at
him，puzzled，and
some
even
laughed.However，after
finishing
the
dumplings，he
went
up
to
the
donation
box
on
the
counter，put
one
hundred
yuan
in
it
and
left，which
left
us
all
shocked
and
ashamed.
We
shouldn't
judge
a
person
just
from
his
or
her
appearance.
A
person
with
a
loving
heart
is
the
richest
in
the
world.
3/3课时分层作业(四)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The
students
couldn't
go
to
school
during
the
period
of
the
prevention
and
control
of
COVID?19.Nevertheless(然而)，they
can
study
by
attending
online
courses
provided
by
schools.
2．The
climate
here
is
quite
pleasant，the
temperature
rarely(很少)，if
ever，reaching
30
℃
in
summer.
3．It
is
widely
known
that
the
Internet
has
many
advantages.It
keeps
us
informed(告知)
of
the
latest
news，and
also
provides
us
entertainment.
4．The
company
has
changed
some
of
its
working
practices
in
response
to
complaints
and
criticism(s)(批评)
from
the
customers.
5．No
one
succeeds
overnight(一下子)；success
belongs
to
those
who
are
willing
to
work
hard.
6．How
to
guarantee(保证)
the
quality
of
food
has
become
a
focus
now.
7．—What
was
last
night's
outcome(结果)，Mary?
—France
narrowly
beat
Germany
2－1
in
the
thrilling
final.
8．This
library
contains
a
wide
collection
of
e?books，from
new
best?sellers
to
classics(经典作品)．
9．The
real
winners
in
sports
are
those
who
know
how
to
persevere(坚持不懈)
and
behave
with
dignity
(尊严)
whether
they
win
or
lose
a
game.
10．Physical
education
in
schools
can
teach
us
endurance(忍耐力)—something
we
all
need
in
case
life
becomes
tough.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
It
was
the
summer
of
1965.DeLuca，then
17，visited
Peter
Buck，a
family
friend.Buck
asked
DeLuca
about
his
plans
for
the
future.“I'm
going
to
college，but
I
need
a
way
to
pay
for
it，”DeLuca
recalls，saying.Buck
said，“You
should
open
a
sandwich
shop.”
That
afternoon，they
agreed
to
be
partners.And
they
set
a
goal：to
open
32
stores
in
ten
years.After
doing
some
research，Buck
wrote
a
check
for
$1，000.DeLuca
rented
a
storefront
(店面)
in
Connecticut，and
when
they
couldn't
cover
their
start?up
costs，Buck
kicked
in
another
$1，000.
But
business
didn't
go
smoothly
as
they
expected.DeLuca
says，“After
six
months，we
were
doing
poorly，but
we
didn't
know
how
badly，because
we
didn't
have
any
financial
controls.”All
he
and
Buck
knew
was
that
their
sales
were
lower
than
their
costs.
DeLuca
was
managing
the
store
and
going
to
the
University
of
Bridgeport
at
the
same
time.Buck
was
working
at
his
day
job
as
a
nuclear
physicist
in
New
York.They'd
meet
Monday
evenings
and
brainstorm
ideas
for
keeping
the
business
running.“We
convinced
ourselves
to
open
a
second
store.We
figured
we
could
tell
the
public，‘We
are
so
successful；we
are
opening
a
second
store.”And
they
did—in
the
spring
of
1966.Still，it
was
a
lot
of
learning
by
trial
and
error.
But
the
partners'
learn?as?you?go
approach
turned
out
to
be
their
greatest
strength.Every
Friday，DeLuca
would
drive
around
and
hand?deliver
the
checks
to
pay
their
suppliers.“It
probably
took
me
two
and
a
half
hours
and
it
wasn't
necessary，but
as
a
result，the
suppliers
got
to
know
me
very
well，and
the
personal
relationships
established
really
helped
out，”DeLuca
says.
And
having
a
goal
was
also
important.“There
are
so
many
problems
that
can
get
you
down.You
just
have
to
keep
working
toward
your
goal，”DeLuca
adds.
DeLuca
ended
up
founding
Subway
Sandwich，the
multimillion?dollar
restaurant
chain.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了DeLuca和Buck合伙开店，虽然他们经历了失败，但一直坚持，最终取得成功的故事。
1．DeLuca
opened
the
first
sandwich
shop
in
order
to
________．
A．pay
for
his
college
education
B．support
his
family
C．help
his
partner
expand
business
D．do
some
research
A [细节理解题。根据第一段第四句“I'm
going
to
college，but
I
need
a
way
to
pay
for
it”可知，他开三明治店是为了挣钱付学费。]
2．They
decided
to
open
a
second
store
probably
because
they
________．
A．had
enough
money
to
do
it
B．had
succeeded
in
their
business
C．wanted
to
make
people
believe
that
they
were
successful
D．wished
to
meet
the
increasing
demand
of
customers
C [细节理解题。根据第四段的“...We
figured
we
could
tell
the
public，‘We
are
so
successful；we
are
opening
a
second
store.’”可知，在第一家店铺没有盈利的情况下，为了向顾客证明这家店的生意是红火的，他们开了第二家店。]
3．What
contributes
most
to
their
success
according
to
the
author?
A．Making
friends
with
suppliers.
B．Learning
by
trial
and
error.
C．Finding
a
good
partner.
D．Opening
chain
stores.
B [推理判断题。根据第四段的“And
they
did—in
the
spring
of
1966.Still，it
was
a
lot
of
learning
by
trial
and
error.”可知，他们真的做到了，在1966年的春天，这仍在不断地失败与尝试中学习。故答案为B项。]
B
When
it
comes
to
the
ACT
(American
College
Test)
vs
the
SAT
(Scholastic
Aptitude
Test)，both
exams
are
widely
accepted
by
US
colleges.It
often
leads
students
to
ask：Which
test
should
I
take？The
answer
to
that
question
lies
in
understanding
the
differences
between
the
two
tests.
Both
college
admissions
exams
are
wildly
popular.In
the
class
of
2019，a
reported
2.2
million
test?takers
completed
the
SAT
while
1.8
million
students
took
the
ACT.It
is
unclear
how
many
students
took
both，but
experts
say
it
is
common
practice
for
a
test?taker
to
deal
with
both
exams.“More
and
more
students
in
the
last
5
to
10
years
are
taking
both，”says
Joe
Korfmacher，director
of
an
admissions
consulting
company.But
despite
this，the
tests
vary
in
structure
and
timing
as
well
as
the
content
matter
and
scoring.
Students
hoping
to
find
the
easier
testing
option
are
out
of
luck.These
are
high?stakes(高风险的)
tests；neither
of
them
is
going
to
be
easy.To
help
students
make
their
decision，experts
suggest
they
begin
with
a
practice
test
and
see
which
exam
is
best
suited
for
them.The
two
exams
may
have
appeal
to
different
types
of
students.Experts
advise
that
students
with
a
strong
English
background
may
choose
the
ACT，which
puts
more
emphasis
on
verbal
skills.But
for
students
who
are
strong
in
math，the
SAT
may
reflect
that
much
better.
The
SAT
costs
$49.50
for
the
test
only
and
$64.50
if
the
optional
essay
is
included.The
ACT
costs
$52
for
only
the
exam
and
$68
if
the
optional
writing
test
is
included.Additional
fees
may
apply
for
other
options，such
as
late
registration.
Regardless
of
which
test
students
decide
to
take，the
idea
behind
both
exams
is
similar：to
demonstrate
college
readiness.To
help
students
be
successful，experts
offer
strategic
test?prep
tips.Some
are
simple，such
as
bringing
a
snack
on
the
test
day
and
taking
breaks
when
offered.Others
require
much
more
time
and
deliberation(从容)
on
the
part
of
the
student，such
as
identifying
and
working
on
weak
spots
in
testing.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了ACT及SAT这两种考试的差异。
4．What
do
we
know
about
the
applicants
for
the
ACT
and
SAT?
A．They
mostly
take
the
exams
to
demonstrate
their
language
skills.
B．A
majority
of
them
come
from
English?speaking
countries.
C．They
usually
prefer
taking
the
ACT
rather
than
the
SAT.
D．A
growing
number
of
them
take
both
of
the
exams.
D [细节理解题。根据第二段中“it
is
common
practice...deal
with
both
exams”和“More
and
more...taking
both”可知，越来越多申请者选择两门考试都参加。]
5．Which
of
the
following
will
experts
agree
with?
A．The
ACT
is
more
difficult
to
sign
up
for.
B．Students
should
place
emphasis
on
English.
C．Students
should
take
as
many
practice
tests
as
possible.
D．The
SAT
is
more
suitable
for
students
doing
well
in
math.
D [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But
for
students
who
are
strong
in
math，the
SAT
may
reflect
that
much
better.”可推知，专家会认同“数学成绩更好的人更适合参加SAT考试”这一观点。]
6．How
much
should
an
applicant
taking
both
the
exams
without
the
writing
parts
pay?
A．$101.5.
B．$114.
C．$118.5
D．$120.
A [推理判断题。根据第四段中“The
SAT
costs
$49.50
for
the
test
only...
The
ACT
costs
costs
$52
for
only
the
exam”可知，只参加这两门考试，分别需49.5美元和52美元，合计为101.5美元。]
7．What
is
a
suitable
title
for
the
text?
A．The
ACT
VS
the
SAT：Which
Test
to
Choose
B．How
to
Be
Successful
on
the
ACT
and
SAT
C．Application
Processes
for
Studying
Abroad
D．Advice
on
Taking
College
Admissions
Exams
A [标题归纳题。根据第一段中“It
often
leads
students
to
ask：Which
test
should
I
take？”及下文论述可知，本文主要介绍了ACT及SAT这两种考试的差异及选择哪个考试，故选A。]
Ⅲ.阅读七选五
My
name
is
Wah
Gyi.I
was
born
in
Thailand，and
arrived
in
Australia
at
10.Now
aged
18，I
would
like
to
share
my
experiences
of
growing
up
in
Melbourne
and
how
badminton
helped
me
along
the
way.
I
had
many
challenges
soon
after
arriving
in
Australia.I
changed
schools
3
times
when
I
first
arrived.It
was
hard
to
make
friends
because
I
was
moving
so
much.
1
Badminton
had
never
been
of
interest
to
me
before
my
arrival
in
Melbourne.My
grandpa
was
very
good
at
badminton
and
wanted
all
us
grandkids
to
play
really
well.
2
That
all
changed
for
me
in
year
7，when
I
gave
badminton
another
chance.I
started
to
love
the
game
and
made
two
close
friends
in
the
process，Leng
and
Shirley.
We
started
to
meet
every
Friday
and
watch
badminton
videos
on
YouTube.
3
Therefore，our
skills
improved
rapidly.
4
It
makes
me
feel
fit
and
active，gives
relief
from
stress
and
makes
me
feel
good.For
3
years，I
have
enjoyed
coaching
younger
students
at
my
school.I
have
also
developed
strategic
skills
on
the
court
and
learned
how
to
communicate
with
people
I
would
not
have
otherwise
connected
with.
The
future
focus
for
me
is
to
get
involved
in
badminton
clubs，but
I
am
also
happy
to
focus
on
my
studies
with
year
12
approaching.
5
I
am
also
proud
to
honor
my
grandpa's
legacy
by
loving
the
game
of
badminton.
A．I
am
ready
for
any
challenge
in
the
future.
B．However，none
of
us
showed
much
interest
in
it.
C．It
was
a
turning
point
for
me
to
make
the
decision.
D．I
was
not
sure
how
the
other
students
would
respond.
E．Playing
badminton
has
taught
me
lots
of
valuable
lessons.
F．What
makes
things
harder
was
that
I
couldn't
speak
any
English!
G．We
challenged
and
encouraged
each
other
to
keep
learning
and
play
better.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了一个出生于泰国后来移居澳洲的小女孩学会了打羽毛球，以及羽毛球使她获益良多的故事。
1．F [此空设于段尾，与前一句内容存在递进关系。本段主要讲述移民后面临的各种挑战，本句说明更糟糕的是，“我”一句英语也不会说。]
2．B [此空设于段中，与前后内容存在转折关系。爷爷想要孙子们打羽毛球，可他们都对打羽毛球不很感兴趣，可到七年级后，情况变了。]
3．G [此空设于段中，与后一句内容存在因果关系。我们互相竞争并鼓励对方，这使得我们的球技得以快速提升。]
4．E [此空设于段首，是本段的主题句。本段主要讲打羽毛球教给作者很多有价值的东西。]
5．A [此空设于段中，与前一句内容存在解释关系。作者未来既要将精力投在羽毛球俱乐部上，又要努力学习，这说明她为未来的任何挑战做好了准备。]
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