课时分层作业(十三)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The
ball
bounced(弹起)
crazily
over
his
shoulder
into
the
net.
2．He
folded
the
papers
and
stuck
them
in
his
desk
drawer(抽屉)．
3．The
president
beat
his
breast(胸部)
and
called
that
deal
a
mistake.
4．Hydrogen(氢)
combines
chemically
with
oxygen
to
form
water.
5．The
people
went
up
to
the
bridegroom(新郎)
and
the
bride
to
bless
them.
6．I
feel
that
geometry(几何学)
is
a
difficult
subject.
7．An
industrial
estate(工业区)
will
help
to
promote
the
business
of
that
city.
8．The
teacher's
system
of
punishments
appealed
to
the
children's
sense
of
justice(公平)．
9．She
practically
accused(控告)
me
of
starting
the
fire!
10．She
was
too
full
of
wonder
and
desire
to
be
greedy(贪婪)．
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
It's
AOL
Jobs
Week.We'll
have
many
job
listings，so
settle
in
and
get
your
resume
ready.And
be
sure
to
check
out
the
rest
of
our
Jobs
Week
content：from
resume
writing
and
networking
to
day
jobs
and
time
management
to
getting
a
new
restaurant
off
the
ground.Lastly，don't
forget
to
enter
our
sweepstakes(抽奖)
for
a
chance
to
win
a
personal
session
with
one
of
our
career
experts!
·Customer
Service
Workers
Median
salary：US
$31，547
Top
cities
for
hiring：Houston，Texas；Chicago，Illinois；Atlanta，Georgia
We've
all
dealt
with
customer
service
representatives，those
disembodied
voices(不见其人的说话声)
helping
you
over
the
phone
with
various
company
or
purchase?related
matters.Love
them
or
hate
them，the
customer
service
field
is
currently
blowing
up
in
the
United
States—big
time.
·Warehouse
Workers
Median
salary：US
$29，357
Top
cities
for
hiring：Houston，Texas；Chicago，Illinois；Columbus，Ohio
Without
warehouse
workers，everything
we've
ever
purchased
would
still
be
sitting
in
a
building
somewhere.The
rise
of
online
shopping
sites
like
Amazon
has
made
warehouses
a
hot
spot
for
hiring.
·Accountants
Median
salary：US
$63，550
Top
cities
for
hiring：Chicago，Illinois；Houston，Texas；New
York
Death
and
taxes
may
be
two
reasons
for
the
popularity
of
accounting
jobs，which
are
frequently
in
high
demand.You'll
need
to
become
a
CPA(Certified
Public
Accountant注册会计师)
to
get
started.While
some
jobs
are
at
the
mercy
of
the
economy，the
economy
itself
isn't
going
away.Neither
are
accountants.
·Human
Resources
Managers
Median
salary：US
$99，720
Top
cities
for
hiring：Chicago，Illinois；Houston，Texas；New
York
Speaking
of
job
security，workers
in
a
company's
human
resources
department
are
always
needed
to
find
and
assess
new
hires，along
with
countless
other
tasks
essential
to
keeping
a
company
well?peopled.CareerCast
named
it
one
of
the
ten
best
jobs，because
it
has
high
income
and
low
stress.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。介绍了四种比较热门的工作、它们的平均薪资以及最热门的招聘城市。
1．If
you
are
lucky，you
can
have
access
to
through
the
Jobs
Week
sweepstakes.
A．a
good
job
B．a
career
expert
C．a
well?written
resume
D．some
money
B [细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Lastly，don't
forget
to
enter
our
sweepstakes(抽奖)
for
a
chance
to
win
a
personal
session
with
one
of
our
career
experts！”可知，如果幸运的话，就有机会通过抽奖获得与职业专家单独交流的机会。故选B项。]
2．If
an
employee
wants
to
work
in
Columbus，he
can
choose
to
work
as
a(n)
．
A．customer
service
worker
B．warehouse
worker
C．accountant
D．human
resources
manager
B [细节理解题。根据各招聘信息下的Top
cities
for
hiring部分的信息可知，只有Warehouse
Workers处提到了Columbus，由此可知，如果一名雇员想在哥伦布市工作的话，他可以去当一名仓库工人。故选B项。]
3．The
job
of
a
human
resources
manager
is
considered
to
be
．
A．demanding
B．secure
C．stressful
D．well?paid
D [细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“...workers
in
a
company's
human
resources
department
are
always
needed...CareerCast
named
it
one
of
the
ten
best
jobs，because
it
has
high
income
and
low
stress.”可知，人力资源经理的工资是丰厚的。故选D项。]
B
Walking
home
from
work
with
a
family
friend，I
found
myself
in
a
discussion
about
her
daughter's
going
to
college.
It
started
with
the
mother
telling
me
that
she
had
no
money
to
help
her
daughter
go
through
college，which
led
the
mother
to
push
the
community
college
fiercely.She
then
started
to
say
how
she
had
been
pushing
“high?paying”
fields
on
her
daughter—doctor，engineer，lawyer，etc.When
I
asked
her
if
that
was
what
her
daughter
had
interest
in，she
said
no.I
asked
her
what
the
point
was
to
push
her
daughter
into
something
that
she
didn't
like，and
she
responded
with，“I
just
want
her
to
make
a
good
fortune.”
After
hearing
her
words，I
would
like
to
state
that
money
is
not
everything.A
high?paying
job
means
nothing
if
you
are
miserable.I
used
to
do
a
high?paying
job，but
it
was
very
tiring
and
I
had
no
time
of
my
own.I
didn't
like
it
at
all.Though
the
pay
was
good，I
was
not
happy.
So
I'd
like
to
tell
parents，please
do
not
force
your
children
into
a
major
or
a
career
just
because
you
think
they
are
going
to
make
a
lot
of
money.They
would
feel
terrible
for
taking
that
major
or
job
just
to
comfort
you.The
worst
part
is
the
feeling
of
guilty
when
they
decide
to
change
that
major
to
something
they
actually
want
or
when
they
quit
that
job.
Being
a
member
of
a
generation
who
are
willing
to
give
absolutely
everything
to
our
kids，we
know
we
just
hope
our
children
could
live
happy
lives.Please
do
not
force
a
career
path
on
our
children
just
because
we
think
it
is
good
for
them.Give
our
children
advice，but
don't
force
them.
【语篇解读】 本文是对父母的忠告：不要为了让孩子将来多赚钱而逼迫他们学习自己不喜欢的专业或从事他们不喜欢的工作。
4．What
do
we
know
about
that
mother?
A．She
thought
highly
of
the
community
college.
B．She
got
along
very
well
with
her
daughter.
C．She
couldn't
afford
her
daughter's
college
fees.
D．She
wanted
to
be
a
doctor
when
she
was
young.
C [细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，那位妈妈没有足够的钱来供女儿上大学。故选C。]
5．The
mother
chose
the
fields
for
her
daughter
mainly
because
．
A．her
daughter
really
liked
those
fields
B．she
thought
those
fields
were
interesting
C．those
fields
wouldn't
cost
much
at
college
D．she
considered
them
to
be
high?paying
fields
D [细节理解题。根据第二段第二句和最后一句可知，这位妈妈之所以让她的女儿学那些专业，是因为那些专业的学生将来挣钱多。]
6．Why
did
the
writer
mention
her
story
in
Paragraph
3?
A．To
prove
that
high?paying
jobs
mean
nothing.
B．To
show
that
not
all
high?paying
jobs
are
satisfying.
C．To
prove
that
high?paying
jobs
make
people
miserable.
D．To
show
that
low?paying
jobs
are
better
than
high?paying
jobs.
B [推理判断题。根据上下文可知，作者通过那位妈妈的故事来引出话题，再用自己的故事表明并不是所有的高薪工作都是令人满意的。故选B。]
7．From
the
text，we
can
infer
that
the
writer
would
most
probably
advise
parents
to
．
A．choose
the
best
major
or
career
for
their
children
B．avoid
giving
their
children
advice
on
their
major
or
career
C．let
their
children
make
the
final
decision
on
their
major
or
career
D．give
everything
to
their
kids
to
make
sure
they'll
have
a
good
future
C [推理判断题。根据最后一段内容，尤其是最后两句可推知选C。]
Ⅲ.阅读七选五
What
is
a
big
dream？
1
Or，is
a
big
dream
something
that
provides
only
entertainment?
Children
dream
big
dreams，but
there
are
three
barriers
to
realizing
dreams.They
often
kill
them
before
they
ever
have
a
chance
to
grow.
The
Self
Immediately
following
the
birth
of
a
big
dream，a
negative
self?talk
takes
over
and
gives
all
the
reasons
why
it
can't
happen.This
inside
voice
is
the
ego(自我)．It
is
there
for
protecting
and
should
be
listened
to.Sometimes
it
is
right，but
more
often
it
is
wrong.
2
That's
why
only
a
handful
of
people
make
their
dream
come
true.
3
Family
and
friends
are
a
lot
like
the
ego.They
want
to
protect
those
they
love，so
they
will
often
list
all
the
reasons
why
the
big
dreams
won't
come
true.Sometimes，family
and
friends
destroy
dreams
of
those
they
love
most，out
of
their
own
fear
of
being
left
behind.
The
World
If
one
gets
past
the
first
two
barriers，one
has
to
face
the
world.
4
In
the
past，big
dreamers
were
locked
up
and
sometimes
even
killed
when
they
were
shown
to
the
world.Fortunately，in
most
of
the
world
today，big
dreamers
just
get
laughed
at.
The
way
to
realize
a
big
dream
is
with
confidence
and
action.When
children
have
confidence
and
then
take
action，they
will
be
ready
to
accept
any
failure.The
truth
is
that
every
great
dreamer
whose
dreams
have
never
seen
the
light
of
success
knows
failure
well.
5
A．How
Big
Dreams
Die
B．Family
and
Friends
C．They
simply
fail
until
they
succeed.
D．Does
a
big
dream
show
one's
future?
E．Most
people
are
influenced
by
the
inside
voice.
F．It
is
the
last
and
the
most
terrible
barrier.
G．And
their
big
dream
is
to
be
a
rock
star
or
a
famous
artist.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了什么是伟大的梦想以及实现梦想可能遇到的三大障碍。
1．D [根据下文的“Or，is
a
big
dream
something
that
provides
only
entertainment？”可知，此处是一个选择疑问句，分析选项并结合句意可知，D项(伟大的梦想显示一个人的未来吗？)符合题意。故选D。]
2．E [该段主要叙述自我带给自己的一些影响，所以E项(大部分人受这种内部声音的影响)符合题意。其中inside
voice是线索词，故选E。]
3．B [本段第一句“Family
and
friends
are
a
lot
like
the
ego.”就提到了朋友和家人，而且本段主要讲述了家人和朋友对个人梦想实现的影响，因此B项(家人和朋友)概括准确，故选B。]
4．F [上文说“If
one
gets
past
the
first
two
barriers，one
has
to
face
the
world.”(如果一个人已经通过了前两个障碍，将面对的就是外面的世界)与F(这是最后一个也是最糟糕的障碍)语义衔接，故选F。]
5．C [上文说“every
great
dreamer...knows
failure
well”(每一个伟大的梦想家都很清楚失败)与C项(他们只是失败直到成功)语义衔接，故选C。]
1/61．Work
banishes
those
three
great
evils：boredom，vice，and
poverty.
工作撵跑三个魔鬼：无聊、堕落和贫穷。
—Voltaire
2．When
work
is
a
pleasure，life
is
joy!
When
work
is
duty，life
is
slavery.
工作是一种乐趣时，生活是一种享受！工作是一种义务时，生活则是一种苦役。
—Maxim
Gorky
3．It
is
no
use
doing
what
you
like；you
have
got
to
like
what
you
do.
不能爱哪行才干哪行；要干哪行爱哪行。
—Winston
Churchill
4．Natural
abilities
are
like
natural
plants
that
need
pruning
by
study.
天生的才干如同天生的植物一样，需要靠学习来修剪。
—Francis
Bacon
Understanding
the
process
of
making
career
choices
and
managing
your
career
is
a
basic
life
skill
that
everyone
should
understand.
Your
career
decisions
have
such
a
profound
effect
on
all
aspects
of
your
life.It's
important
to
have
the
knowledge
and
resources
needed
to
make
smart，informed
decisions.Whether
you
are
looking
for
a
new
job，aiming
to
take
the
next
step
at
your
current
job
or
planning
your
retirement
options，you
are
making
career
decisions.Using
good
resources
and
the
guidance
of
a
career
counselor
can
help
you
to
make
those
decisions
well.
What
do
you
want
to
be
when
you
grow
up?
A
teacher?
A
doctor?
How
about
an
ice
cream
taster?
Yes，there
really
is
a
job
where
you
can
get
paid
to
taste
ice
cream.Just
ask
John
Harrison，an
“Official
Taste
Tester”
for
the
past
few
years.Testing
helps
manufacturers
(制造商)
to
be
sure
of
a
product's
quality.During
his
career，Harrison
has
been
responsible
for
approving
large
quantities
of
the
sweet
ice
cream—as
well
as
for
developing
over
75
flavors
(味道)．Some
people
think
that
it
would
be
easy
to
do
this
job，after
all，you
just
have
to
like
ice
cream，right?
No，there's
more
to
the
job
than
that，says
Harrison，who
has
a
degree
in
chemistry.He
points
out
that
a
dairy
or
food
science
degree
would
be
very
useful
to
someone
wanting
a
career
in
this
“cool”
field.
In
a
typical
morning
on
the
job，Harrison
tastes
and
assesses
60
ice
cream
samples.He
lets
the
ice
cream
warm
up
to
about
12℃.Harrison
explains，“You
get
more
flavor
from
warmer
ice
cream，which
is
why
some
kids
like
to
stir
(搅拌)
it，creating
ice
cream
soup.”
[探索发现]
1．What
is
John
Harrison?
An
ice
cream
taster./An
official
taste
tester.
2．What
does
John
Harrison
do
first
when
testing
ice
cream?
He
lets
the
ice
cream
warm
up.
3．Why
do
some
kids
like
to
stir
ice
cream?
Because
they
can
get
more
flavor
from
warmer
ice
cream.速读P50～51教材课文，完成下列任务：
Ⅰ.阅读判断
判断以下句子提供的信息是正确，还是错误，还是没有提及。
1．You
had
better
start
thinking
about
possible
careers
when
you
are
at
school.
A．Right.
B．Wrong.
C．Not
mentioned.
2．Career
aptitude
tests
are
effective
ways
to
get
some
insight
on
a
possible
career.
A．Right.
B．Wrong.
C．Not
mentioned.
3．There
are
right
or
wrong
answers
in
career
aptitude
tests.
A．Right.
B．Wrong.
C．Not
mentioned.
4．Looking
at
the
basic
careers
can
let
you
know
what
you
may
like
to
aim
for
in
the
future.
A．Right.
B．Wrong.
C．Not
mentioned.
5．Career
aptitude
tests
are
only
meant
for
guidance.
A．Right.
B．Wrong.
C．Not
mentioned.
[答案] 1－5 AABBA
Ⅱ.补全信息
选择正确选项填入空白处，补全所给句子提供的信息：
A．what
they
want
to
do
from
a
young
age
B．what
I
really
wanted
to
do
C．who
you
are
D．what
targets
you
need
to
reach
E．that
they
are
only
meant
for
guidance
F．what
work
you
might
like
now
1．This
is
because
your
career
is
a
very
important
part
of
．
2．Some
people
know
，but
many
others
just
have
a
few
ideas
bouncing
around
in
their
heads.
3．I
wish
I
had
thought
more
about
．
4．For
example，you
could
look
at
the
basic
careers
to
see
，and
then
look
at
the
more
advanced
careers
so
you
know
what
you
may
like
to
aim
for
in
the
future.
5．This
is
a
great
tool
to
help
plan
your
career
and
let
you
know
to
get
there.
6．However，it
is
important
to
remember
．
[答案] 1－6 CABFDE
Ⅲ.表格填空
WORKING
OUT
WHAT
YOU
WANT
TO
DO
The
best
time
◆While
you
are
still
1.at
school．◆Before
you
make
any
choices
about
your
2.further
education.
One
effective
way
◆To
3.complete
a
“career
aptitude
test”．◆The
results
of
the
test
will
tell
you
about
your
4.strengths
and
interests．◆Some
tests
also
suggest
5.careers
that
you
may
be
suited
to.
Different
career
aptitude
tests.
◆Some
ask
questions
about
your
personal
interests
and
6.attitudes．◆Others
focus
more
on
asking
you
to
rate
different
kinds
of
7.work
scenarios．◆They
are
a
very
useful
8.tool.
One
popular
test
It
asks
the
9.participants
to
grade
their
preferences
for
a
variety
of
10.work
tasks.
细读P50～51教材课文，完成下列任务：
Ⅰ.主旨匹配
段落
主旨大意
1.Para.12.Para.23.Para.34.Para.45.Para.56.Para.67.Para.7
A.One
effective
way
to
learn
about
your
career.B.The
best
time
to
consider
your
career.C.Considering
your
career
is
essential.D.Looking
at
careers
of
different
levels.E.Career
aptitude
tests
are
only
for
guidance.F.Different
career
aptitude
tests.G.One
popular
career
aptitude
test.
[答案] 1－7 CBAFGDE
Ⅱ.课文理解
1．Why
do
strangers
often
ask
your
career?
A．Because
they
want
to
make
friends
with
you.
B．Because
your
career
is
your
important
part.
C．Because
they
would
like
to
define
your
life.
D．Because
your
career
needs
to
take
time
to
think
about.
2．What
can
make
you
know
about
your
possible
career?
A．Career
aptitude
tests.
B．Your
further
education.
C．Your
strengths
and
interests.
D．Your
personal
interests
and
attitudes.
3．What
is
very
important
for
career
aptitude
tests?
A．Patience.
B．Interest.
C．Honesty.
D．Kindness.
4．What
is
the
writer's
attitude
towards
career
aptitude
tests?
A．Doubtful.
B．Favourable.
C．Sympathetic.
D．Curious.
[答案] 1－4 BACB
Ⅲ.概要写作微技能
概要写作微技能——查找含有衔接词的语句
阅读教材课文中含有衔接词的语句
1．The
career
you
have
defines
your
life，and
so
taking
time
to
think
about
it
is
an
essential
exercise
for
young
people.
2．This，however，is
not
always
easy.
3．Some
people
know
what
they
want
to
do
from
a
young
age，but
many
others
just
have
a
few
ideas
bouncing
around
in
their
heads.
4．The
results
of
the
test
will
tell
you
about
your
strengths
and
interests，and
some
tests
also
suggest
careers
that
you
may
be
suited
to.
5．There
are
many
free
tests
online，so
give
one
a
try.
6．Of
course，while
completing
these
sorts
of
tests，it
is
very
important
to
be
honest—and
don't
worry—there
are
no
right
or
wrong
answers.
7．The
career
suggestions
are
also
based
on
your
education
and
experience
level，but
you
can
look
at
higher?level
careers
as
well，which
is
very
useful
for
high
school
students.
8．For
example，you
could
look
at
the
basic
careers
to
see
what
work
you
might
like
now，and
then
look
at
the
more
advanced
careers
so
you
know
what
you
may
like
to
aim
for
in
the
future.课时分层作业(十四)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．I
find
it
difficult
to
come
to
a
conclusion.
2．Foxes(fox)
started
coming
in
from
the
surrounding
countryside.
3．It's
time
for
you
to
wake
up
and
attend
to
your
business.
4．Canals(canal)
have
been
built
to
take
water
to
the
desert.
5．I
knew
I'd
never
find
a
parking(park)
space
in
the
Square.
6．But
the
custom
in
our
country
is
different
from
overseas，we
process
food
mostly
by
frying(fry)．
7．She
sewed(sew)
all
the
dresses
on
the
sewing
machine
last
week.
8．I
think
all
caged(cage)
birds
should
be
set
free.
9．All
purchases
shall
be
financed(finance)
with
the
proceeds
of
loan.
10．We
must
cherish
experience
acquired(acquire)
at
the
cost
of
blood.
Ⅱ.完形填空
On
Sunday
I
had
my
own
Father's
Day
celebration.Suddenly
I
1
about
my
dad
a
lot.My
dad
is
2
the
kindest
man
in
the
world.He
would
never
refuse
anyone
in
trouble.
Every
Thursday
night，my
dad
would
3
Shreveport，to
a
church
there.I
always
drove
the
car
for
him.
4
this
happened
many
times，I
recalled(回想起)
one
incident
on
one
of
those
trips
to
Shreveport.That
time
on
the
way，my
dad
saw
a
hitchhiker(搭便车的人)．Dad
asked
me
to
pull
the
car
over
and
offer
him
a
5
．Dad
asked
him
his
name
and
address，told
him
ours，and
talked
to
him
about
all
sorts
of
things.
At
first
the
hitchhiker
was
hesitant(迟疑的)，but
he
changed
his
6
as
he
could
tell
we
were
really
listening
to
him.I
did
know
that
it
was
quite
7
outside
and
the
hitchhiker
was
very
happy
to
be
able
to
get
a
lift
in
our
warm
car.
We
8
another
forty?five
minutes
and
learned
that
the
hitchhiker
was
9
many
difficulties
in
life.Dad
told
him
to
keep
his
head
up
and
said
that
everything
would
become
better
for
him
soon.He
10
into
his
pocket
and
handed
the
hitchhiker
a
twenty?dollar
bill，leaving
only
a
ten?dollar
bill
for
himself.The
hitchhiker
then
became
very
11
．
I
was
always
told
never
to
pick
up
a
hitchhiker
and
yet
my
dad
did
it
every
time
he
saw
one.Dad
always
gave
them
money
12
he
did
not
have
very
much
of
his
own.
From
that
I've
learned
a
lot
about
my
dad
and
13
．I've
learned
that
if
you
come
from
a
place
with
14
，you
will
show
a
lot
of
kindness
to
people
who
are
suffering.Just
one
single
kind
act
may
15
someone's
life.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者的父亲总是帮助别人，父亲的善举也让作者明白了一个道理：一个简单的善行可能会改变一个人的一生。
1．A.worried
B．thought
C．talked
D．learned
B [worry
担忧；think
想，认为；talk
谈论；learn
学习。根据下文作者对父亲的描述可知，他想到了自己的父亲。故选B。]
2．A.hardly
B．basically
C．absolutely
D．finally
C [hardly
几乎不；basically
基本地；absolutely
绝对地；finally
最后。根据下文的叙述可知，作者认为父亲绝对是世界上最善良的人。故选C。]
3．A.drive
to
B．stay
in
C．come
from
D．head
for
D [drive
to开车去；stay
in停留在；come
from从……来；head
for前往……。根据后面的“to
a
church
there.I
always
drove
the
car
for
him”可知，作者的父亲是要去什里夫波特，故选D。]
4．A.Because
B．So
C．Unless
D．Although
D [虽然作者多次帮父亲开车去做礼拜，但是他仍然记得其中的一件事情。上下文之间为转折关系，故选D。]
5．A.gift
B．lift
C．chance
D．sign
B [give/offer
sb.a
lift让某人搭顺路车，捎某人一程，下文中的“be
able
to
get
a
lift”也是提示。故选B。]
6．A.attitude
B．trip
C．route
D．road
A [attitude
态度；trip旅行；route路线；road
公路。根据句中的“At
first
the
hitchhiker
was
hesitant(迟疑的)”可知，当他知道作者他们在认真地听他讲话时，他的态度也就改变了。故选A。]
7．A.dark
B．sunny
C．cold
D．windy
C [dark
黑的；sunny
阳光明媚的；cold
冷的；windy
有风的。根据句中的“get
a
lift
in
our
warm
car”可推断，外面很冷。故选C。]
8．A.walked
B．escaped
C．drove
D．flew
C [walk散步；escape逃脱；drive驾驶；fly飞。根据语境可知，当时他们一直在开车。故选C。]
9．A.confronting
B．finding
C．deciding
D．causing
A [confront面临，对抗；find
找到；decide决定；cause
引起。根据下一句“Dad
told
him
to
keep
his
head
up
and
said
that
everything
would
become
better
for
him
soon.”可知，那个人当时面临很多困难。故选A。]
10．A.turned
B．reached
C．looked
D．got
B [turn转变；reach到达，(伸手)去够；look看；get得到。根据句中“into
his
pocket”可知，作者的父亲把手伸进衣袋里拿钱给他。故选B。]
11．A.angry
B．nervous
C．sad
D．grateful
D [angry生气的；nervous紧张不安的；sad伤心的；grateful感激的。根据常识可知，那个人得到父亲的帮助后应该很感激。故选D。]
12．A.and
B．if
C．though
D．unless
C [句意：尽管父亲不是很有钱，他还是经常资助搭便车的人。and
和；if
如果；though尽管；unless除非。根据空后的“he
did
not
have
very
much
of
his
own”可知，前后两个分句表示让步关系，故选C。]
13．A.life
B．business
C．adventure
D．entertainment
A [life生活；business生意；adventure冒险；entertainment娱乐。根据下文可知，作者学到了父亲乐于助人的品质和生活的道理。故选A。]
14．A.laughter
B．success
C．complaint
D．love
D [laughter笑；success成功；complaint抱怨；love爱。根据后文的“a
lot
of
kindness”可知，只有在有爱的环境中成长的人才会善待他人。故选D。]
15．A.enjoy
B．change
C．risk
D．share
B [enjoy享受；change改变；risk冒险；share分享。根据句中的“kind
act”和全文内容可知，一个简单的善行可能会改变某个人的一生。故选B。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
Nowadays，it
is
common
1.
more
and
more
high
school
students
open
their
own
microblogs
on
the
Internet.For
one
thing，it
can
provide
a
colorful
platform
to
show
their
talent.For
another，it
is
a
useful
way
2.
(release)
their
pressure.And
all
these
make
it
more
and
more
popular
with
high
school
students.But
many
parents
and
teachers
hold
a
different
view.They
think
that
managing
one's
microblog
will
take
a
lot
of
time
and
energy，3.
should
be
used
to
study.
In
my
view，I
am
4.
(great)
in
favor
of
this
activity.Today
the
Internet
is
playing
5.
important
role
in
our
life.Therefore，as
high
school
students
of
the
Information
Age，we
need
to
learn
to
make
use
of
this
6.
(value)
tool
to
communicate.What's
more，opening
and
organizing
microblogs
need
various
7.
(ability)
such
as
writing，designing，being
skillful
at
computer
and
so
on.As
a
result，we
improve
ourselves
while
8.
(organize)
our
microblogs.
In
fact，microblog
9.
(it)
is
of
little
harm.It
is
your
attitude
towards
it
that
10.
(matter)．We
should
take
the
advantages
and
avoid
some
bad
effects.
【语篇解读】 本文讨论了高中生开设微博这一现象的利与弊。
1．that [考查主语从句。句意：当今，越来越多的高中生在互联网上开设自己的微博，这是很普遍的。此处it是形式主语，that引导的主语从句是真正的主语。故填that。]
2．to
release [考查非谓语动词。the
way
to
do
sth.做某事的方法。此处是动词不定式作后置定语，故填to
release。]
3．which [考查非限制性定语从句。此处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面提到的
a
lot
of
time
and
energy，且在从句中作主语，故填which。]
4．greatly [考查词性转换。此处修饰谓语be
in
favor
of，故用副词形式。]
5．an [考查冠词。play
a
part/role
in为固定搭配，表示“在……中起作用”，又因为important的第一个音素为元音，故前面应该用an。]
6．valuable [考查词性转换。此处需要用形容词修饰名词tool，故用valuable。]
7．abilities [考查名词的单复数。由空后的内容可知，此处指不同的能力，故用复数形式。]
8．organizing [考查状语从句的省略。此处while后面省略了organize的逻辑主语we以及be动词，表示“当……在做某事时”，补充完整为while
we
are
organizing...，故填organizing。]
9．itself [考查代词。句意：事实上，微博本身几乎没有害处。故此处应该用反身代词itself。]
10．matters [考查动词的时态。句意：重要的是你对它的态度。此句是强调句式，由前半句中的is可知，此处用一般现在时态，故填matters。]
1/5长句
无论是多么复杂的长句，它都是由一些基本的成分组成。所以首先要弄清英语原文的句法结构，找出整个句子的中心内容及其各层意思，然后分析几层意思之间的相互逻辑关系。
一般来说，造成长句的原因有三方面：
(1)修饰语多；(2)并列成分多；(3)语言结构层次多。
在分析长句时可以采用下面的方法：
(1)找出全句的主语、谓语和宾语，从整体上把握句子的结构。
(2)找出句中所有的谓语结构、非谓语动词、介词短语和从句的引导词。
(3)分析从句和短语的功能。例如，是否为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句等；若是状语，它是表示时间、原因、结果、还是表示条件等。
(4)分析词、短语和从句之间的相互关系。例如，定语从句所修饰的先行词是哪一个。
(5)注意插入语等其他成分。
(6)注意分析句子中是否有固定词组或固定搭配。
下面我们结合一些实例来进行分析：
[例1] Behaviorists
suggest
that
the
child
who
is
raised
in
an
environment
where
there
are
many
stimuli
which
develop
his
or
her
capacity
for
appropriate
responses
will
experience
greater
intellectual
development.
行为主义者认为，如果儿童的成长环境里有许多刺激因素，这些因素又有利于其适当反应能力的发展，那么，儿童的智力就会发展到较高的水平。
分析：(1)该句的主语为behaviorists，谓语为suggest，宾语为一个从句，因此整个句子为Behaviorist
suggest
that?clause结构。
(2)该句共有五个谓语结构，它们的谓语动词分别为suggest，is
raised，are，develop，experience。这五个谓语结构之间的关系为：Behaviorist
suggest
that?clause结构为主句；who
is
raised
in
an
environment为定语从句，所修饰的先行词为child；where
there
are
many
stimuli为定语从句，所修饰的先行词为environment；which
develop
his
or
her
capacity
for
appropriate
responses为定语从句，所修饰的先行词为stimuli；在suggest的宾语从句中，主语为child，谓语为experience，宾语为greater
intellectual
development。在作了如上的分析之后，我们就会对该句有了一个较为透彻的理解。
[例2] For
a
family
of
four，for
example，it
is
more
convenient
as
well
as
cheaper
to
sit
comfortably
at
home，with
almost
unlimited
entertainment
available，than
to
go
out
in
search
of
amusement
elsewhere.
譬如，对于一个四口之家来说，舒舒服服地在家中看电视，就能看到几乎数不清的娱乐节目，这比到外面别的地方去消遣更便宜更方便。
分析：(1)该句的主干结构为it
is
more...
to
do
sth.than
to
do
sth.else.是一个比较结构，而且是在两个不定式之间进行比较。
(2)该句中共有三个谓语结构，它们之间的关系为：it
is
more
convenient
as
well
as
cheaper
to...为主体结构，但it是形式主语，真正的主语为第二个谓语结构to
sit
comfortably
at
home，并与第三个谓语结构to
go
out
in
search
of
amusement
elsewhere作比较。
(3)句首的for
a
family
of
four作状语，表示条件。另外，还有两个介词短语作插入语：for
example，with
almost
unlimited
entertainment
available，其中第二个介词短语作伴随状语，修饰to
sit
comfortably
at
home。
分析下列长句，并试着翻译
1．People
feared
that
weakening
a
21?year?old
ban
on
the
sale
of
ivory
would
encourage
illegal
hunting
and
hurt
elephant
populations.
【分析】 that
引导宾语从句，从句中谓语动词是encourage和hurt，根据逻辑意义，可知encourage和hurt
的主语是动名词短语weakening
a
21?year?old
ban
on
the
sale
of
ivory。
【句意】 二十一年来，象牙交易一直被明令禁止，人们担心削弱这一禁令会助长非法捕猎，导致大象数量减少。
2．Economists
from
the
University
of
Sussex
analysed
findings
from
the
National
Longitudinal
Study
of
Adolescent
Health，a
15?year
research
project
charting
the
fortunes
of
a
group
of
thousands
of
teenagers
who
attended
high
schools
in
the
US
in
the
mid?1990s.
【分析】 句子主干为Economists
analysed
findings，from
the
University
of
Sussex作economists的定语；from
the
National
Longitudinal
Study
of
Adolescent
Health作findings的定语；a
15?year
research
project作the
National
Longitudinal
Study
of
Adolescent
Health
的同位语；charting...作project
的定语；who引导定语从句，先行词为teenagers。
【句意】 来自萨塞克斯大学的经济学家们分析了国家青少年健康纵向研究的研究结果，这项研究是一个历时15年的课题，它记录了数千名20世纪90年代中期在美国上中学的一组青少年的财产情况。
3．Whether
you
get
along
well
with
your
professors
or
not
has
a
huge
effect
on
yourself
growth
as
it
is
a
measure
of
how
well
you
can
respect
authority
and
obey
requirements.
【分析】 此句为复合句，句中whether引导主语从句，as引导原因状语从句，how
well引导从句作介词of的宾语。
【句意】 你与教授相处是否融洽对你的自身发展起着重要的作用，因为这是衡量你是否尊重权威和服从要求的标准。
4．Some
companies
have
made
the
manufacturing
of
clean
and
safe
products，to
some
degree，their
main
selling
points
and
emphasize
it
in
their
advertising.
【分析】 本句是一个“主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语”句型。“make＋
宾语
＋
宾补”，即“使……成为……”，只不过宾语和宾补被“to
some
degree”隔开而已。
【句意】 一些公司把生产的卫生的、安全的产品，从某种程度上说，当作他们的卖点，并在广告中强调这一点。
5．The
fact
that
members
of
one
culture
do
not
express
their
emotions
as
openly
as
do
members
of
another
does
not
mean
that
they
do
not
experience
emotions.
【分析】 本句的主干为The
fact
does
not
mean
that...，其中that
they
do
not
experience
emotions从句作mean的宾语。that
members
of
one
culture
do
not
express
their
emotions
as
openly
as
do
members
of
another为fact的同位语，其中as
do
members
of
another是状语从句，助动词do位于主语members
of
another
前形成倒装。
【句意】 一种文化背景下的人不像另一种文化背景下的人一样直率地表达他们的情感，这一事实并不意味着他们没有这些情感。1．law
n.
法；法律；法规→lawyer
n.
律师
2．draw
vt.&
vi.
拖；拉→drawer
n．抽屉
3．bride
n.
新娘
→bridegroom
n.
新郎
4．detect
vt.
发现；发觉；查明→detective
n．侦探；警探
1．bounce
vi.&
vt.(使)弹起；上下晃动
n.
弹性；弹跳；活力
①She
bounced
the
ball
against
the
wall.
vt.使弹起
②The
ball
bounced
away
and
he
chased
it.
vi.弹起
③Every
bounce
of
the
truck
brought
them
into
fresh
contact.
n.弹跳
2．profile
n.
简介；概述；侧面轮廓
vt.
扼要介绍；概述；写简介；显出轮廓
①We
could
see
the
profile
of
a
distant
hill
if
it
is
very
clear.
n．侧面轮廓
②The
newspaper
publishes
a
profile
of
a
leading
sportsman
every
week.
n．简介
③His
career
is
profiled
in
this
month's
journal.
vt.概述
Words
and
Phrases
bounce
vi.&
vt.(使)弹起；上下晃动
n.
弹性；弹跳；活力
[教材原句P50]
Some
people
know
what
they
want
to
do
from
a
young
age，but
many
others
just
have
a
few
ideas
bouncing
around
in
their
heads.
有些人年轻时就清楚自己想做什么，但更多的人往往是只有一些想法在脑子里晃来晃去。
[例1] Short
sound
waves
bounce
off
even
small
objects.
短声波在很小的物体上也能反射回来。
[例2]
The
ball
bounced
up
and
down.
球上下弹跳。
[造句] 球弹得很高，她没有接住。
The
ball
bounced
high
and
she
missed
it.
[知识拓展]
(1)on
the
bounce
在弹起时；接二连三地
(2)bounce
around/about
蹦来蹦去；弹来弹去
bounce
into
蹦蹦跳跳地进入；猛然冲进
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①He
bounced
into
the
room
and
shouted
at
me.
②Ferreira
again
won
the
Portuguese
championship，becoming
the
first
coach
to
win
three
titles
on
the
bounce.
③Because
Gypsies
bounced
around/about
from
country
to
country，they
found
it
difficult
to
build
permanent
settlements
or
find
jobs.
head
start起步前的优势
[教材原句P50]
Getting
a
head
start
in
considering
your
future
career
may
help
you
for
the
rest
of
your
life.
提前考虑你未来的职业可能对你今后的人生很有用。
[例1] Being
able
to
speak
French
gave
her
a
head
start
over
the
other
candidates.
会说法语使她比其他候选人占优势。
[例2]
Joe
has
a
head
start.He
began
to
study
early
than
we
did.
乔比我们占优势，他准备功课比我们早。
[造句] 良好的教育会让你的孩子在人生的起跑线上比别人领先一步。
A
good
education
gives
your
child
a
head
start
in
life.
[知识拓展]
at
the
start
刚开始；在起跑线
at
the
start
of
在……开始的时候
a
fresh
start
新的起点，新的开始
take
a
fresh
start
重新开始
from
start
to
finish
自始至终，彻头彻尾
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①The
new
system
was
confronted
with
great
difficulties
at
the
start.
②He
takes
over
as
chief
executive
at
the
start
of
next
year.
③You'll
have
a
fresh
start
every
single
day—not
just
on
January
1st.
debt
n.
债务；欠款
[教材原句P50]
Help
and
advise
people
in
serious
debt
帮助和建议严重负债的人
[例1]
He
did
not
look
forward
to
being
in
debt
because
his
restaurant
was
no
longer
popular.
他不希望由于餐馆不受欢迎而负债。
[例2]
This
young
couple
are
always
in
debt
because
they
never
consider
their
incomes
before
buying
something.
这对年轻的夫妇总是负债，因为他们在买东西时从不考虑自己的收入。
[造句] 失业后她开始欠债。
After
she
lost
her
job，she
began
to
run
into
debt.
[知识拓展]
in
debt
负债
out
of
debt
不欠债
pay
off
debts
还清债务
get/run
into
debt
负债
owe
sb.a
debt
欠某人一个人情
get
out
of
debt
还债
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①I'm
heavily
in
debt
at
the
moment，but
hope
to
be
out
of
debt
when
I
get
paid.
②He
worked
hard
day
and
night
to
pay
off
his
debts(debt)．
③I
owe
him
a
debt
of
gratitude
for
all
he
has
done
for
me.
④It's
much
easier
to
get
into
debt
than
to
get
out
of
debt．
借债容易还债难。
profile
n.
简介；概述；侧面轮廓
vt.
扼要介绍；概述；写简介
[教材原句P50]
Categorise
employee
profiles
归类员工档案
[例1]
He
presented
his
best
profile
to
the
camera.
他在照相机前呈现自己最好看的侧面轮廓。
[例2]
The
story
was
given
a
low
profile
in
today's
papers.
今天的报纸很低调地报道这个故事。
[造句] 他侧面朝我坐着。
He
sat
in
profile
to
me.
[知识拓展]
in
profile
从侧面看；以侧面
draw
in
profile
画侧面像或轮廓
a
profile
of
……的简介或概述
high
profile
鲜明的姿态
low
profile
低姿态；不出头露面；不惹人注意
keep
a
low
profile
保持低调
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①The
painting
shows
her
in
profile.
②The
BBC
are
working
on
a
profile
of
the
British
nuclear
industry.
③When
you
are
feeling
happy，please
enjoy
it，but
keep
a
low
profile.
spy
n.
密探；间谍
vi.从事间谍活动
vt.
突然看见；发现
(牛津词典)He
spied
for
his
government
for
more
than
ten
years.
他做过十多年的政府间谍。
[例1]
We
spied
three
figures
in
the
distance.
我们看见远处有三个人影儿。
[例2]
He
denied
acting
as
an
enemy
spy.
他否认自己是敌方间谍。
[造句] 我肯定邻居在暗中监视我。
I'm
sure
my
neighbours
spy
on
me.
[知识拓展]
spy
on/upon
sb.
暗中监视某人；侦察某人
spy
into
sth.
侦察某事
spy
sth.out
暗中查明某事，秘密了解清楚某事
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①He
studied
the
map
and
spied
out
the
quickest
route.
②He
knew
he
was
being
spied
on/upon
at
that
time.
③I
was
demanded
to
spy
into
the
enemy's
movements.
Sentence
Patterns
状语从句的省略
[教材原句P50]
As
an
adult，one
of
the
first
questions
you
are
asked
when
meeting
someone
new
is，“What
do
you
do？”
作为一个成年人，当你遇到一个不认识的人时，你会被问到的第一批问题之一是：“你是做什么的？”
[句式分析]
句中when
meeting
someone
new是一个省略句，补全后为：When
you
meet
someone
new。
[例1]
Work
hard
when
(you
are)
young，or
you'll
regret.
少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。
[例2] While
(she
was)
walking
along
the
river
bank，she
was
singing
a
pop
song.
她沿着河堤边走边唱着流行歌曲。
[造句] 做作业的时候不要听音乐。
Don't
listen
to
music
when
(you
are)
doing
your
homework.
[知识拓展]
当when，while，before，after，unless，as
if，if等引导的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或从句主语是it，且从句谓语中含有be动词时，可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。
[即学即练]——用省略句改写下列句子
①If
you
are
accepted
for
the
job，you'll
be
informed
soon.
＝If
accepted
for
the
job，you'll
be
informed
soon.
②While
he
was
playing
with
his
children
outdoors，the
father
felt
very
happy.
＝While
playing
with
his
children
outdoors，the
father
felt
very
happy.
③He
won't
come
unless
he
is
invited.
＝He
won't
come
unless
invited．
现在分词短语作后置定语
[教材原句P50]
This，however，is
not
always
easy.Some
people
know
what
they
want
to
do
from
a
young
age，but
many
others
just
have
a
few
ideas
bouncing
around
in
their
heads．
然而，这并不总是那么容易。有些人年轻时就清楚自己想做什么，但更多的人往往是只有一些想法在脑子里晃来晃去。
[句式分析]
句中bouncing
around
in
their
heads为现在分词短语作名词ideas的后置定语。
[例1]
They
put
an
advertisement
in
a
newspaper
looking
for
rock
musicians.
他们在报上登了一则广告，寻求摇滚乐乐师。
[例2] The
building
being
built
is
our
teaching
building.
正在盖的楼房是我们的教学楼。
[造句] 站在窗边的那个人是我们的老师。
The
man
standing
by
the
window
is
our
teacher.
[知识拓展]
(1)现在分词(短语)作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，表示该动作的主动和进行。
(2)单个现在分词作定语，放在所修饰词的前面，而现在分词短语作定语则放在所修饰词的后面。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①Do
you
know
the
man
talking
(talk)
to
your
father?
②Make
less
noise.There's
a
sleeping
(sleep)
child.
③There
is
a
note
on
the
door
saying
(say)
“On
Holiday”．
④The
girl
waiting
to
see
the
famous
actor
is
my
classmate.
等着见那位著名演员的女孩是我的同学。
1．[教材原句P50]The
best
time
to
start
thinking
about
possible
careers
is
while
you
are
still
at
school，before
you
make
any
choices
about
your
further
education.
分析：句中动词不定式短语to
start
thinking
about
possible
careers
作名词time
的后置定语，while
you
are
still
at
school为while引导的表语从句，before
you
make
any
choices
about
your
further
education
为before引导的时间状语从句。
译文：在决定继续深造之前，你开始考虑可能的职业最好是还在上学的时候。
2．[教材原句P51]For
example，you
could
look
at
the
basic
careers
to
see
what
work
you
might
like
now，and
then
look
at
the
more
advanced
careers
so
you
know
what
you
may
like
to
aim
for
in
the
future.
分析：句中so连接表示因果关系的并列句，what
work
you
might
like
now为what引导的宾语从句，what
you
may
like
to
aim
for
in
the
future也是一个what引导的宾语从句。
译文：例如，你可以审视基本的职业，看看你现在可能喜欢什么工作，然后审视更高级的职业，这样你就知道你将来可能想要从事什么职业。
教材
高考
1.As
an
adult，one
of
the
first
questions
you
are
asked
when
meeting
someone
new
is，“What
do
you
do？”
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)For
Hill，it
is
impossible
not
to
talk
about
China
as
the
leading
player
when
discussing
fashion.
2.Help
and
advise
people
in
serious
debt
(2019·天津卷)Most
of
his
adult
life
has
been
a
losing
struggle
against
debt
and
misfortune.
3.I
have
been
captain
of
my
school
table
tennis
team
for
two
years，so
I
know
how
to
lead
and
decide
on
priorities.
(2019·江苏卷)Nowadays
the
priority
for
travelling
is
shifted
from
shopping
to
food
and
scenery.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．He
came
bouncing(bounce)
into
the
room.
2．To
have
a
head
start
in
life，your
child
needs
to
stay
healthy
and
fit.
3．She
is
in
many
ways
a
symbol
of
the
values
that
the
lawyers(lawyer)
are
fighting
for.
4．The
door
swung
inwards
to
crash
against
a
chest
of
drawers
behind
it.
5．He
took
her
wrists(wrist)
and
held
them
firmly.
6．Never
get
into
debt
if
you
can
avoid
it.
7．When
they
discovered
he
was
a
spy，he
became
a
marked
man.
8．He
was
arrested
by
detectives(detect)
as
he
walked
through
the
customs
hall.
9．Look!
The
old
trees
are
profiled(profile)
against
the
pale
sky.
10．I've
asked
the
children
to
clean
out
their
drawers(draw)．
Ⅱ.短语填空
bounce
around；head
start；a
chest
of
drawers；spy
on；in
profile；in
debt
1．We
want
him
to
have
a
head
start
for
college.
2．We
just
fit
our
bed
and
a
chest
of
drawers
in.
3．All
at
once，the
three
children's
faces
lit
up，and
they
began
to
bounce
around
in
the
room，laughing
and
chattering.
4．The
Queen's
head
appears
in
profile
on
British
stamps.
5．They're
using
villagers
to
keep
an
eye
on
each
other，to
spy
on
each
other.
6．Stop
spending
money
so
fast，or
you'll
end
us
up
in
debt．
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Your
career
is
a
very
important
part
of
who
you
are，so
1.taking(take)
some
time
to
think
about
it
is
an
essential
for
young
people.The
best
time
2.to
start(start)
thinking
about
your
career
is
at
school.One
of
the
most
3.effective(effect)
ways
is
to
complete
a
“career
aptitude
tests”．One
popular
test
asks
the
4.participants(participant)
to
grade
their
preferences
for
a
variety
of
work
tasks.Their
answers
are
then
analysed
and
5.divided(divide)
up
between
six
different
types
of
work
personalities.The
career
suggestions
are
also
based
6.on
your
education
and
experience
level，but
you
can
look
at
higher?level
careers
as
well，7.which
is
very
useful
for
high
school
students.In
conclusion，career
aptitude
tests
are
8.clearly(clear)
a
very
useful
tool，but
it
is
important
to
remember
that
they
are
only
meant
for
9.guidance(guide)．The
secret
to
a
good
career
is
finding
something
that
you
are
passionate
about.10.So
try
a
few
tests
online
and
start
thinking
about
your
future
career
right
now！阅读P56～57教材课文，选择最佳答案
1．What
is
the
letter
written
for?
A．A
job.
B．A
college.
C．A
CV.
D．A
team.
2．How
is
Kelly
Xu's
English
level?
A．Poor.
B．Good.
C．Terrible.
D．Bad.
3．Why
does
Kelly
Xu
know
how
to
lead
and
decide
on
priorities?
A．Because
she
has
rich
experience.
B．Because
she
likes
raising
animals.
C．Because
she
always
help
others.
D．Because
she
is
good
at
table
tennis.
4．When
did
Kelly
Xu
visit
UK
as
an
exchange
student?
A．In
2019.
B．In
2018.
C．In
2017.
D．In
2016.
[答案] 1－4 ABAC
Words
and
Phrases
attend
to关怀；照料；处理
[教材原句P55]
We
are
building
a
team
of
keen
young
people
to
help
us
attend
to
hundreds
of
students
from
all
over
the
world.
我们正在组建一个由热心的年轻人组成的团队，帮助我们照顾来自世界各地的数百名学生。
[例1]
He
offered
to
go
and
attend
to
the
matter.
他主动提出来处理这件事。
[例2]
You
must
attend
to
your
studies.
你必须注意你的学习。
[造句] 他日夜仔细照料伤员。
He
carefully
attended
to
the
wounded
soldiers
day
and
night.
[知识拓展]
attend
on/upon
sb.
伺候或照顾某人
attend
school/church
去上学/做礼拜
attend
a
meeting/a
lecture
参加会议/听演讲
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①If
you
don't
attend
to
work，you'll
not
succeed.
②I
have
some
urgent
business
to
attend
to．
③A
nurse
attended
to
his
needs
constantly.
有一位护士经常照料他的需要。
fry
n.
油煎的食物
vt.&
vi.
油炸；油炒；油煎；晒伤
[教材原句P56]Camel
rides，barbecue
&
fry，calligraphy，purse
sewing，knitting
with
wool，etc.
骑骆驼、烧烤和油煎食品、书法、绣荷包、织毛衣等。
[例1]
Would
you
like
a
fry
in
the
morning?
你早晨喜欢吃油炸食品吗？
[例2]
We'll
fry
if
we
stay
too
long
in
this
hot
sun.
我们如果在这样酷热的阳光下待久了，皮肤会晒伤的。
[造句] 油煎4分钟左右，直到洋葱变软。
Fry
for
about
4
minutes
until
the
onion
has
softened.
[知识拓展]
fry
up
油煎；油炸；油炒
fried
chicken
炸鸡
have
other
fish
to
fry
有别的事；另有企图
French
fry
油炸马铃薯，薯条
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①He
fried
up
some
eggs
and
potatoes.
②Would
you
like
a
steak
or
fried(fry)
chicken
for
dinner?
③I'm
not
going
with
you，I
have
other
fish
to
fry(fry)．
[小片段填空]
The
noodles
are
not
fried
separately，but
are
thrown
in
at
the
last
minute
and
tossed
with
the
stir
fry．(fry)
priority
n．优先事项；首要的事；优先
[教材原句P56]
I
have
been
captain
of
my
school
table
tennis
team
for
two
years，so
I
know
how
to
lead
and
decide
on
priorities.
我曾担任学校乒乓球队队长两年，所以我知道如何领导和决定事情的轻重缓急。
[例1]
Getting
food，medicine
and
blankets
to
flood
victims
is
the
most
urgent
priority.
为洪水灾民提供食物、药物和毯子是当务之急。
[例2]
Material
possessions
have
always
been
a
low
priority
for
Mike.
对迈克来说，物质的追求一直都是次要的。
[造句] 把各项任务按重要程度依次列出来。
List
the
tasks
in
order
of
priority.
[知识拓展]
a
top
priority
最优先考虑的事
according
to
priority
依次
give
(first)
priority
to
给……以(最)优先权
take
priority
of
比……居先；得……优先权
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①The
development
of
the
national
economy
is
a
top
priority.
②The
film
stars
went
onto
the
stage
according
to
priority
of
their
appearance
in
the
film.
③The
status
of
treaty
does
not
take
definitely
priority
of
the
national
law.
acquire
vt.
获得；购得
[教材原句P58]
Remember，the
knowledge
you
acquire
and
the
diligent
attitude
you
develop
in
high
school
will
be
invaluable
in
the
real
world.
记住，你在高中学到的知识和养成的勤奋态度在现实世界中是无价的。
[例1]
Only
if
you
ask
many
different
questions
will
you
acquire
all
the
information
you
need
to
know.
只有提很多不同的问题，你才能收集到你所需要的信息。
[例2]
The
company
has
recently
acquired
new
offices
in
central
London.
公司最近在伦敦市中心弄到了新的办公室。
[造句] 我们应当取得更多的第一手资料。
We
should
acquire
more
first?hand
information.
[知识拓展]
acquire
a
good
knowledge
of
精通……知识
acquire
the
habit
of
养成……的习惯
[即学即练]——完成句子
①We
want
people
to
acquire
the
habit
of
using
public
transport
instead
of
their
cars.
我们希望人们养成使用公共交通工具而不是私家车的习惯。
②He
acquired
a
good
knowledge
of
English
by
careful
study.
他通过认真学习精通了英语。
Sentence
Pattern
as
soon
as
possible
尽快
[教材原句P56]
I
look
forward
to
hearing
from
you
as
soon
as
possible．
我期待着尽快收到你的来信。
[句式分析]
[例1]
It
is
wise
to
seek
help
and
counsel
as
soon
as
possible.
尽快寻求帮助和建议乃明智之举。
[例2]
We
agreed
to
contact
again
as
soon
as
possible.
我们同意尽快再次联系。
[造句] 请尽快做决定。
Please
make
your
decision
as
soon
as
possible.
[知识拓展]
(1)as
soon
as引导时间状语从句，当主句用一般过去时时，从句中用一般过去时或过去完成时。
(2)as
soon
as
可以表将来的事，这时主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。(主将从现)
[即学即练]——完成句子
①He
left
as
soon
as
the
party
began．
晚会刚一开始他就离开了。
②He
fainted
as
soon
as
he
heard
the
news．
他一听到那个消息就晕倒了。
③I
will
tell
him
the
news
as
soon
as
I
see
him．
我一见到他就告诉他这个消息。
篇章结构题
此类题目能全面地、深层次地考查考生的阅读理解能力。
解题技巧——把脉络看结构
篇章结构题主要是针对文章的整体篇章结构或某一段落的展开层次所设置的问题。高考对文章结构的考查主要涉及两个层次：一是按段落的组织方法理解文章的结构；二是按写作手法(论证方法)理解文章的结构。设问形式常有：
(1)Which
of
the
following
shows
the
development
of
ideas
in
this
passage?
(2)Which
of
the
following
shows
the
organization/structure
of
the
(whole)
passage?
因此这类题的解题方法也分为两种：
注意：
1．文章的段落组织通常采用“总—分；分—总；总—分—总”的框架。
2．内容的展开则常用以下手法：
(1)时间顺序：按时间先后顺序说明某一事物的发展情况。
(2)空间顺序：按照事物的空间结构顺序进行描写或说明。
(3)例证关系：所列举的事物用来论证观点，通常是数据、事例等。
(4)对比或类比关系：这类文章通常以对比各事物之间的共同点或差异为主。
[典例]
Careers
in
zoology
are
extremely
varied
and
unique，and
can
provide
incredible
learning
and
work
opportunities
for
anyone
devoted
to
animal
studies
and
welfare.Zoology，or
the
study
of
animals，is
a
wide
field
with
many
specialties，including
research，conservation，veterinary(兽医的)
medicine，and
the
care
of
animals.For
people
with
a
love
of
animals
and
some
training，dreams
of
careers
in
zoology
may
come
true.
Some
careers
in
zoology
focus
on
research
and
scientific
studies.These
careers
may
allow
those
with
a
good
theoretical
science
background
to
develop
and
run
studies
that
improve
human
understanding
of
the
animal
world.Research
in
zoology
can
help
create
safer
and
more
effective
products
for
animals
or
can
teach
humans
more
about
animal
behavior
in
order
to
aid
in
conservation，breeding
programs，and
habitat
preservation.
Careers
in
zoology
that
focus
on
conservation
attach
great
importance
to
the
continued
survival
and
increased
protection
of
animal
species.Conservationists
may
work
with
political
groups
or
governments
to
help
make
laws
to
protect
and
preserve
animals，or
may
work
in
the
field
gathering
information
on
potential
threats
to
the
health
of
global
ecosystems.Some
conservationists
work
in
educational
fields，trying
to
improve
human
efforts
to
save
animals
from
extinction.
Animals
are
subject
to
illness
and
injury，and
some
careers
in
zoology
help
to
create
a
safe，stable
animal
population.Veterinary
medicine
is
an
important
specialty
field，and
may
take
several
years
of
intensive
training
to
qualify
as
a
certified
veterinarian.While
many
veterinarians
focus
on
the
small?animal
practice
of
domestic
pets，vets
in
rural
areas
often
work
with
large
farm
animals
and
more
adventurous
veterinarians
may
work
with
exotic
species
in
zoos
and
wildlife
preserves.
Humans
love
to
observe
animals，and
modern?day
zoos
and
wildlife
preserves
help
meet
that
interest
while
providing
facilities
to
assist
with
conservation
programs.Zoology
careers
in
zoos
can
range
from
overseeing
breeding
programs，to
creating
the
proper
diet
for
a
deer，or
to
cleaning
the
tiger's
cage.Many
volunteer
and
entry?level
jobs
are
available
for
people
that
love
animals.
★Which
of
the
following
shows
the
structure
of
the
whole
passage?
(P1＝Paragraph
1；P2＝Paragraph
2；P3＝Paragraph
3；P4＝Paragraph
4；P5＝Paragraph
5)
A [通读全文，把握各段大意可知：第一段介绍了动物学方面的职业是多样而独特的，是总述。第二段从研究方面介绍；第三段介绍了自然保护的动物学工作；第四段是兽医学可以保护动物健康的介绍；第五段讲述了现代的动物园和野生动物保护区既有助于满足人们的兴趣，又提供了一些设施来帮助保护动物。分析每一段的关系发现：后面四个段落从不同的角度对第一段进行了分述，所以这篇文章是“总—分”结构，A项图例符合文章结构。故选A。]
[对点训练]
A
Antarctic
animals
are
exposed
to
some
of
the
coldest
environments
on
earth.Animals
survive
in
these
severe
conditions
by
reducing
the
percentage
of
body
heat
that
is
lost
to
the
environment.
Many
Antarctic
animals
have
either
a
windproof
or
waterproof
coat.Emperor
penguins
are
a
very
good
example
of
this.These
birds
have
four
layers
of
scale?like
feathers.These
layers
overlap
each
other，forming
a
good
protection
from
the
wind，even
in
snowstorm
conditions.
Whales，seals
and
some
penguins
have
thick
fat
layers.This
is
a
little
like
covering
yourself
in
a
blanket，but
on
the
inside.In
some
animals
this
is
even
further
improved，with
the
animals
selectively
able
to
reduce
the
blood
flow
to
the
fat
layers.The
further
the
blood
is
from
the
skin
surface，the
less
the
heat
is
lost.Fat
layers
can
also
be
used
as
energy
reserves，for
example，male
elephant
seals
can
live
off
their
fat
reserves
during
summer.
The
term
“extremities”
is
used
to
mean
any
body
part
that
is
furthest
away
from
the
main
body.In
humans，our
hands
and
feet
count
as
“extremities”．These
are
often
the
first
places
to
feel
cold
in
winter.The
same
applies
to
animals.Emperor
penguins
have
very
small
bills(喙)
and
feet，which
means
less
blood
is
required
to
these
areas.
Emperor
penguins
are
highly
adapted
to
cold
environments—and
as
the
only
warm?blooded
animal
that
produces
young
penguins
during
the
Antarctic
winter，they
need
to
be.In
addition
to
the
adaptation
described
above，emperor
penguins
also
have
noses
which
recover
much
of
the
heat
lost
through
breathing.
As
with
the
physical
means，emperor
penguins
have
unique
behavioral
adaptation
that
enables
them
to
survive
the
unkind
winter.Emperor
penguins
form
large
huddles(挤在一起的一群人或东西)．Not
only
does
this
share
body
warmth，but
it
also
shelters
many
of
the
penguins
from
the
effects
of
the
wind.Huddling
can
reduce
heat
loss
by
up
to
50%.
★Which
shows
the
development
of
ideas
in
the
passage?
I：Introduction
P：Point
Sp：Sub?point(次要点) C：Conclusion
B [篇章结构题。第一段是文章的主旨段并引出下文(Introduction)，南极动物通过减少身体热量损失在严寒中生存。下文分为两个要点，即身体上的适应手段physical
adaptation(Point
1)和行为上的适应手段behavioral
adaptation(Point
2)。第二至五段是Point
1的四个次要点，介绍四种身体上的适应手段——windproof
or
waterproof
coats，thick
fat
layers，small
extremities，emperor
penguins'
noses；第六段就是Point
2。故选B项。]
B
There
is
always
no
lack
of
ordinary
people
taking
action
for
extraordinary
change.Aghan
Oscar
is
just
among
them.Thirteen
years
ago，Aghan，bothered
by
the
ever?increasing
quantity
of
plastic
waste
in
this
low?income
suburb
of
Nairobi，decided
to
find
a
way
to
recycle
it.
Now
his
company，Continental
Renewable
Energy
Co.Ltd
(COREC)，produces
poles
for
use
in
construction，farming
and
road
signs.So
far
he
has
sold
96，000，and
he
says
his
potential
for
growth
is
limited
only
by
the
considerable
expense
of
setting
up
plastic
recycling
plants.
Most
of
Aghan's
customers
are
farmers
and
developers
who
once
used
wooden
fence
poles.Customers
say
they
have
other
benefits
as
well.“I
have
fenced
my
piece
of
land
three
times
using
wood
posts，but
most
of
the
time
the
fence
was
vandalized(故意破坏)
by
villagers
who
used
the
posts
as
firewood，”
said
Caleb
Kapten.“Now
plastic
posts
have
stopped
the
problem”，he
said.
The
Kenya
National
Highways
Authority
is
one
of
COREC's
biggest
customers.It
approached
the
company
after
road
signs
were
vandalized
by
criminals
who
sold
the
metal
poles
to
steel
manufacturing
companies.Aghan
reckons(估计)
that
COREC's
products
have
saved
the
government
millions
of
shillings，besides
preventing
road
accidents.And
he
also
points
out
that
COREC
has
been
able
to
conserve
large
numbers
of
trees
by
producing
plastic
poles.
When
Aghan
started
this
recycling
business
in
2003，most
of
his
employees
were
his
family
members
due
to
financial
constraints(限制)．Now
he
employs
250
young
people
to
collect
plastic
waste.Fifty
more
youths
work
on
the
production
line，where
the
waste
is
sorted
according
to
quality
before
being
crushed
and
washed，melted
and
cast
into
different
shapes.The
poles
are
then
arranged
by
shape
and
size
for
sale
in
the
yard
of
the
recycling
plant.
★Which
best
shows
the
structure
of
the
text?
D [篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段属于主旨段，引出本文的话题；第二段讲的是Aghan创办了自己的公司，生产用于建筑、农业和路标的塑料杆儿；第三段和第四段分别介绍塑料杆儿在农业和交通领域的应用，属于对第二段内容的扩展；第五段主要介绍这种塑料杆儿的生产过程，与第二段是并列关系。故选D。]Ⅰ.匹配词义
a．单词匹配
( )1.lawyer
A．n.抽屉
( )2.drawer
B．n.
律师
( )3.hydrogen
C．n.
新郎
( )4.wrist
D．n.手腕；腕关节
( )5.bridegroom
E．n.
氢；氢气
( )6.geometry
F．n.
庄园；住宅区；工业区
( )7.estate
G．n.
几何学；几何图形
( )8.receptionist
H．adj.
社会主义的
n.社会主义者
( )9.socialist
I．adj.共产主义的
n．共产主义者
( )munist
J．n.
接待员
[答案] 1－5 BAEDC 6－10 GFJHI
b．短语匹配
( )1.bounce
around
A．抽屉柜
( )2.head
start
B．蹦来蹦去；弹来弹去
( )3.a
chest
of
drawers
C．起步前的优势
( )4.(real)
estate
agent
D．关怀；照料；处理
( )5.come
to
a
conclusion
E．灭蚤颈圈
( )6.attend
to
F．房地产经纪人
( )7.flea
collar
G．得出结论
[答案] 1－7 BCAFGDE
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．bounce
vi.&
vt.
(使)弹起；上下晃动
n.
弹性；弹跳；活力
2．debt
n.
债务；欠款
3．profile
n.
简介；概述；侧面轮廓
vt.
扼要介绍；概述；写简介
4．detective
n.
侦探；警探
5．spy
n.
密探；间谍
vi.
从事间谍活动
vt.
突然看见；发现
6．justice
n.
公平；公正；合理
7．accuse
vt.
控告；控诉；谴责
8．greedy
adj.
贪婪的；贪心的
9．handwriting
n.
书法；书写；笔迹
10．parking
n.
停车位；停车
11．fry
n.
油煎的食物
vt.&
vi.
油炸；油炒；油煎
12．purse
n.
钱包；皮夹子(尤指女用)
13．sew
vi.&
vt.
(sewed，sewn/sewed)
缝制；缝；做针线活
14．priority
n.
优先事项；首要的事；优先
15．cage
n.
笼子
vt.
关在笼子里
16．finance
n.
资金；财政；金融
vt.
提供资金
17．certificate
n.
合格证书；证明
18．acquire
vt.
获得；购得
Ⅰ.语境填词
profile；debt；bounce；accuse；spy；fry；handwriting；greedy；acquire；sew
1．She
lets
us
do
anything，even
bounce
on
our
beds.
2．If
I
pay
all
my
debts，I'll
have
no
money
left.
3．The
data
will
enable
us
to
construct
a
profile
of
the
firm's
customers.
4．She
was
accused
of
spying
for
the
enemy.
5．Man
often
accuses
nature
for
his
own
misfortunes.
6．It
was
greedy
of
them
to
eat
up
all
the
candy.
7．The
boy's
handwriting
is
difficult
to
read.
8．Please
fry
the
vegetables
gently
in
oil.
9．My
mother
sewed
a
new
cotton
jacket
for
me.
10．I
tried
to
acquire
the
information
I
needed.
Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词
1．Vera
is
studying
law
because
she
wants
to
become
a
lawyer
(law)．
2．The
paper
is
in
my
desk
drawer
(draw)．
3．She
hired
a
private
detective(detect)
to
follow
her
husband.
4．It
is
his
job
to
bring
the
murderer
to
justice
(just)．
5．Ask
the
receptionist(reception)
to
put
your
call
through
to
my
room.
6．Socialist
(socialism)
construction
is
going
ahead
by
leaps
and
bounds
in
our
country.
7．Parking
(park)
is
something
I'm
very
bad
at.
8．The
development
of
the
national
economy
is
a
top
priority
(prior)．
1．This
is
because
your
career
is
a
very
important
part
of
who
you
are.
这是因为你的职业是你一个非常重要的组成部分。
2．Some
people
know
what
they
want
to
do
from
a
young
age，but
many
others
just
have
a
few
ideas
bouncing
around
in
their
heads.
有些人年轻时就清楚自己想做什么，但更多的人往往是只有一些想法在脑子里晃来晃去。
3．Getting
a
head
start
in
considering
your
future
career
may
help
you
for
the
rest
of
your
life.
提前考虑你未来的职业可能对你今后的人生很有用。
4．You
don't
want
to
look
back
in
years
to
come
and
say，“I
wish
I
had
thought
more
about
what
I
really
wanted
to
do.”
你也不希望多年之后回顾过去时才说：“我真希望当年能再多想想自己真正想要做什么。”
5．One
popular
test
asks
the
participants
to
grade
their
preferences
for
a
variety
of
work
tasks.
一个流行的测试要求参与者对各种工作任务的偏好打分。
词语助读
①define
one's
life决定某人的生活
②think
about思考
③an
essential
exercise一项必不可少的训练
④at
school上学
⑤further
education继续教育；深造
⑥from
a
young
age从很小的年龄开始
⑦bounce
around
蹦来蹦去；弹来弹去
⑧get
some
insight
on
对……有所了解
⑨career
aptitude
test职业能力测试
⑩strengths
and
interests
优势和兴趣
?be
suited
to适合
?provide
sb.with给某人提供……
?give...
a
try试一试……
?head
start起步前的优势
?look
back回顾
?personal
interests
and
attitudes
个人兴趣和态度
?focus
on集中于
?work
scenarios工作设想
?work
as担任
?lawyer
n.
律师
participant
n.
参与者，参加者
a
variety
of多种的
divide
up划分
be
used
to
do...被用来……
make
a
code建立一个代码
generate
a
list
of
career
suggestions生成职业建议列表
be
based
on基于
as
well也
advanced
careers高级职业
aim
for计划，打算
in
conclusion总之
be
meant
for作……用
be
passionate
about对……十分热情
right
now此刻，目前
原文呈现
WORKING
OUT
WHAT
YOU
WANT
TO
DO
As
an
adult，one
of
the
first
questions
you
are
asked
when
meeting
someone
new
is，“What
do
you
do？”(1)
This
is
because
your
career
is
a
very
important
part
of
who
you
are(2)．The
career
you
have(3)
defines
your
life①，and
so
taking
time
to
think
about②
it
is
an
essential
exercise③
for
young
people.
(1)句中you
are
asked为定语从句，修饰先行词questions，when
meeting
someone
new为时间状语。
(2)because引导表语从句，其中who
you
are作介词of的宾语。
(3)省略关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词career。
The
best
time
to
start
thinking
about
possible
careers
is
while
you
are
still
at
school④，before
you
make
any
choices
about
your
further
education⑤.(4)
This，however，is
not
always
easy.Some
people
know
what
they
want
to
do(5)
from
a
young
age⑥，but
many
others
just
have
a
few
ideas
bouncing
around⑦
in
their
heads.
(4)句中while
you
are
still
at
school为表语从句，before引导时间状语从句。
(5)what引导的宾语从句。
One
of
the
most
effective
ways
to
get
some
insight
on⑧
a
possible
career
path
is
to
complete
a
“career
aptitude
test⑨”．The
results
of
the
test
will
tell
you
about
your
strengths
and
interests⑩，and
some
tests
also
suggest
careers
that
you
may
be
suited
to?(6)．Having
this
information
will
provide
you
with?
a
better
chance
of
finding
a
job
you
like.There
are
many
free
tests
online，so
give
one
a
try?.Getting
a
head
start?
in
considering
your
future
career
may
help
you
for
the
rest
of
your
life.You
don't
want
to
look
back?
in
years
to
come
and
say，“I
wish
I
had
thought
more
about
what
I
really
wanted
to
do(7)．”
(6)that引导定语从句，修饰先行词careers。
(7)省略that的宾语从句，其中what
I
really
wanted
to
do也是一个宾语从句。
There
are
many
different
kinds
of
career
aptitude
tests.Some
ask
questions
about
your
personal
interests
and
attitudes?.Others
focus
more
on?
asking
you
to
rate
different
kinds
of
work
scenarios?，like
working
as?
a
librarian
or
a
lawyer?.Of
course，while
completing
these
sorts
of
tests(8)，it
is
very
important
to
be
honest—and
don't
worry—there
are
no
right
or
wrong
answers.
(8)While
completing时间状语，相当于while
you
are
completing...的省略形式。
One
popular
test
asks
the
participants
to
grade
their
preferences
for
a
variety
of
work
tasks.Their
answers
are
then
analysed
and
divided
up
between
six
different
types
of
work
personalities.The
participant
is
then
given
a
chart
showing
their
score
for
each
type
of
work
personality.The
top
three
scores
are
used
to
make
a
code
that
indicates
the
participant's
overall
work
personality(9)．This
code
is
then
used
to
generate
a
list
of
career
suggestions.
(9)that引导定语从句，修饰先行词code。
The
career
suggestions
are
also
based
on
your
education
and
experience
level，but
you
can
look
at
higher?level
careers
as
well，which
is
very
useful
for
high
school
students(10)．For
example，you
could
look
at
the
basic
careers
to
see
what
work
you
might
like
now，and
then
look
at
the
more
advanced
careers
so
you
know
what
you
may
like
to
aim
for
in
the
future.(11)
This
is
a
great
tool
to
help
plan
your
career
and
let
you
know
what
targets
you
need
to
reach
to
get
there(12)．
(10)which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面句子的内容。
(11)句中what
work...
now为宾语从句，what...
the
future也是一个宾语从句。
(12)what引导宾语从句。
In
conclusion，career
aptitude
tests
are
clearly
a
very
useful
tool.However，it
is
important
to
remember
that
they
are
only
meant
for
guidance(13)．The
secret
to
a
good
career
is
finding
something
that
you
are
passionate
about(14)．So
try
a
few
tests
online
and
start
thinking
about
your
future
career
right
now!
(13)that引导宾语从句。
(14)that引导定语从句，修饰先行词something。
译文参考
确定你想做什么
作为一个成年人，当你遇到一个不认识的人时，你会被问到的第一批问题之一是：“你是做什么的？”这是因为你的职业是你一个非常重要的组成部分。你所从事的职业决定了你的生活，所以花时间去思考它对年轻人来说是一项必不可少的训练。
在决定继续深造之前，你开始考虑可能的职业最好是还在上学的时候。然而，这并不总是那么容易。有些人年轻时就清楚自己想做什么，但更多的人往往是只有一些想法在脑子里晃来晃去。
要对可能的职业有所了解，最有效的方法之一是完成“职业能力测试”。测试的结果会告诉你你的优势和兴趣，一些测试也会就你可能适合的职业给出建议。有了这些信息，你就有更好的机会找到你喜欢的工作。网上有很多免费的测试，所以试一试吧。提前考虑你未来的职业可能对你今后的人生很有用。你也不希望多年之后回顾过去时才说：“我真希望当年能再多想想自己真正想要做什么。”
职业能力测试有很多种。有些会问一些关于你个人兴趣和态度的问题。另外一些则更注重于让你对不同的工作设想进行评估，比如担任图书管理员或律师。当然，在完成这类测试时，诚实是非常重要的——不要担心——答案没有正确或错误之分。
一个流行的测试要求参与者对各种工作任务的偏好打分。然后分析他们的答案，并将其分为六种不同类型的工作个性。然后，研究人员会给参与者一张表明他们对每种工作个性评分的表。前三名的分数被用来建立一个代码来显示参与者的整体工作个性。这个代码用于生成职业建议列表。
职业建议也基于你的教育和经验水平，但你也可以审视更高层次的职业，这对高中生非常有用。例如，你可以审视基本的职业，看看你现在可能喜欢什么工作，然后审视更高级的职业，这样你就知道你将来可能想要从事什么职业。这是一个很好的工具，帮助你规划你的职业生涯，并让你知道你需要达到什么目标。
总之，职业能力测试显然是一个非常有用的工具。然而，重要的是要记住它们只是用来指导的。理想职业的秘诀在于找到自己所热爱的事情。所以，试着在网上做一些测试，现在就开始考虑你未来的职业吧！课时分层作业(十五)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Orville
Wright
was
born
on
August
19，1871
in
Dayton，Ohio，USA
and
died
on
January
30，1948.Together
with
his
brother，Wilbur
(April
16，1867—
May
30，1912)，he
was
the
first
airplane
builder.The
brothers
created
the
first
controlled，powered
and
heavier?than?air
human
flight.
Their
parents
were
Milton
Wright
and
Susan
Catherine
Koerner
and
besides
the
two
famous
brothers
they
had
five
children.One
day
after
a
trip
their
father
brought
a
small
helicopter
as
a
gift.The
kids
loved
it
and
as
they
played
daily
with
it，it
broke
after
a
while.The
brothers
managed
to
create
a
new
one.Wilbur
even
let
go
his
plans
of
attending
Yale.He
spent
his
time
helping
his
sick
mother
and
reading
in
his
father's
library.
In
1884
the
family
decided
to
move
to
Dayton
and
they
remained
there
until
the
1870's.A
printing
press
was
built
by
the
two
and
Wilbur
was
an
editor.In
1892
they
started
being
fascinated
by
the
aeronautical(航空的)
events
of
that
time.Then
they
started
to
create
an
airplane
and
Wilbur
was
considered
the
head
of
the
team.They
were
the
inventors
of
“three
axis?control”，which
permitted
the
pilot
to
steer
the
aircraft's
balance.
In
1900
they
had
their
first
attempts
to
make
a
functional
glider(滑翔机)—of
course
it
didn't
have
a
pilot.After
three
years
they
thought
of
introducing
an
engine
to
the
glider.At
first，their
patent
application
was
refused
in
1903，but
after
one
year
it
was
accepted.
Orville's
first
flight
lasted
12
seconds
and
had
36.5
meters.He
was
responsible
with
the
public
shows
near
Washington
in
the
United
States.On
September
9，1908
his
flight
was
62
minutes
and
15
seconds
long
and
the
success
was
huge.
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了飞机发明家莱特兄弟——奥维尔·莱特和维尔伯·莱特，包括他们的爱好、发明以及对人类进步做出的巨大贡献。
1．What
might
make
Wright
brothers
interested
in
the
plane?
A．The
pleasant
trip.
B．Catherine's
education.
C．The
political
events.
D．Their
father's
gift.
D [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“One
day
after
a
trip
their
father
brought
a
small
helicopter
as
a
gift.The
kids
loved
it
and
as
they
played
daily
with
it，it
broke
after
a
while.The
brothers
managed
to
create
a
new
one.”可知，是父亲带回来的飞机模型使莱特兄弟对飞机产生了兴趣。故选D。]
2．Wilbur
didn't
go
to
Yale
probably
because
．
A．he
had
to
create
a
plane
B．he
didn't
have
enough
money
C．he
would
like
to
learn
by
himself
D．his
mother
asked
him
to
stay
at
home
A [推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The
brothers
managed
to
create
a
new
one.Wilbur
even
let
go
his
plans
of
attending
Yale.He
spent
his
time
helping
his
sick
mother
and
reading
in
his
father's
library.”可知，维尔伯因为制造飞机而没有去耶鲁大学上学。故选A。]
3．The
underlined
word
“steer”
in
Paragraph
3
probably
means
“
”．
A．keep
B．drive
C．learn
D．enjoy
A [词义猜测题。由画线词所在句“They
were
the
inventors
of
‘three
axis?control’，which
permitted
the
pilot
to
steer
the
aircraft's
balance.”可知，“three
axis?control”肯定是有助于保持飞机平衡的东西，故画线词的含义是“保持，维持”。故选A。]
4．This
passage
tells
us
about
．
A．the
plane's
history
B．Milton
and
his
children
C．Wright
brothers'
lives
D．the
development
of
science
C [主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了莱特兄弟的生平。故选C。]
B
Sure，you
talk
to
your
parents，but
what
if
you
need
to
really
talk?
Maybe
you
have
a
problem
you
can't
solve
alone，or
it
could
be
that
you
want
to
feel
closer
to
Mom
and
Dad.
It's
easy
to
say
“Hi，Mom”
or
“Dad，can
you
pass
the
potatoes？”，but
it
can
be
harder
to
start
a
discussion
about
tougher
topics.When
you
were
younger，it
probably
felt
easy
to
tell
your
parents
about
your
trouble.Even
though
you're
older
now，it's
still
perfectly
OK
to
believe
in
your
parents.In
fact，it
can
help
a
lot.
So
why
does
it
seem
so
uncomfortable
at
times?
Why
is
it
hard
to
bring
up
the
important
stuff?
Sometimes
kids
don't
speak
up
because
they
don't
want
to
feel
embarrassed(尴尬的)．Let's
face
it—talking
about
personal
stuff
can
make
you
feel
embarrassed.But
remember，your
parents
know
you
pretty
well，and
they
were
your
age
once，too!
So
don't
let
a
little
embarrassment
stop
you.It's
OK
to
go
ahead
and
share
the
personal
stuff.
Other
times，kids
might
not
want
to
make
their
parents
anxious
or
upset.As
you
explain
your
problem，your
mom
might
look
sad
or
your
dad
might
look
worried.But
that's
OK.Your
mom
and
dad
can
deal
with
knowing
about
your
problem，big
or
small.That
look
on
their
face
just
means
they
care，and
they
feel
for
you.That's
what
families
do—we
feel
for
the
people
we
love.
Sometimes，kids
don't
bring
up
a
problem
because
they
just
don't
want
to
think
about
it.They
hope
it
will
just
go
away.When
meeting
a
problem，they
will
likely
choose
not
to
face
it
or
just
keep
it
for
themselves.But
running
away
from
a
problem
hardly
ever
solves
it.And
bottling
up
your
feelings
can
make
you
feel
stressed.
Talking
things
over
with
parents
can
help
you
feel
less
stressed.Together，you
can
think
of
ways
to
solve
the
problem
and
make
you
feel
better.Just
knowing
your
parents
understand
and
care
about
what
you're
going
through
can
reduce
your
stress
a
lot.
【语篇解读】 孩子长大后和父母交谈的次数越来越少。本文建议孩子应和父母分享自己的感情，因为和父母交谈可以帮助自己减轻压力。
5．Some
kids
don't
want
to
share
their
problems
with
parents
because
they
．
A．believe
they
can
solve
the
problems
themselves
B．are
afraid
their
parents
may
know
their
secrets
C．don't
think
their
parents
will
understand
them
D．don't
want
to
make
themselves
embarrassed
D [细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“Sometimes
kids
don't
speak
up
because
they
don't
want
to
feel
embarrassed(尴尬的)．”可知，一些孩子不想和父母分享烦恼是因为他们不想感到尴尬。故选D。]
6．What
is
the
advantage
of
talking
with
parents
about
your
problems?
A．It
makes
your
problems
less
difficult.
B．It
improves
the
family
relationship.
C．It
helps
a
lot
to
reduce
pressure.
D．It
improves
your
ability
to
solve
problems.
C [细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Talking
things
over
with
parents
can
help
you
feel
less
stressed.”可知，和父母交谈可以减少压力。故选C。]
7．What
might
be
the
best
title
of
the
passage?
A．Let's
Talk
to
Each
Other
B．When
You
Need
to
Talk
to
Your
Parents
C．Why
You
Don't
Want
a
Talk
D．Come
and
Talk
to
Your
Parents
D [标题归纳题。本文在第一段就点出主题，然后介绍了和父母进行交谈的好处，特别是最后一段强调了和父母进行交谈的必要性。所以D项作本文标题最佳。]
Ⅱ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It
was
somewhere
between
spring
and
summer，my
mom
and
I
were
driving
through
the
countryside.Back
then，I
was
13
years
old，and
always
felt
unhappy
with
mom.But
little
did
I
know
that
this
trip
was
going
to
be
a
special
one.
A
pot
of
flowers
sat
in
the
back
seat，whose
heavenly
scent
filled
the
car.
Suddenly，in
the
middle
of
nowhere，my
mom
pulled
over.“What
are
you
doing？”I
cried，fearing
that
the
car
had
broken
down
and
we'd
be
stuck
there，so
far
from
home.But
that
wasn't
the
case.My
mom
hopped
out
of
the
car，grabbing
the
flowers
from
the
back
seat.“It'll
just
be
a
minute.”
She
called
back
through
the
open
windows.
My
eyes
impatiently
skimmed
the
edge
of
the
road
before
settling
on
a
little
sign
showing
that
it
was
a
nursing
home.I
looked
back
to
the
building，somewhat
annoyed，as
my
mom
reappeared—empty?handed.
Before
she
started
the
car，curiosity
drove
me
to
ask.“Do
you
know
someone
there？”She
shook
her
head.“Then
what
did
you
do
with
the
flowers？”
She
smiled
slightly.“I
gave
them
to
the
receptionist.”“What？”She
laughed
at
my
confusion.“I
told
the
receptionist
to
give
the
flowers
to
whoever
needed
them，especially
who
hasn't
gotten
any
in
a
while.”
I
kept
silent
for
a
moment.Not
long
after
we
continued
our
driving，I
spoke
again.“Did
you
leave
your
name？”To
this
she
answered
instantly.“No.Leaving
flowers
there
for
someone
who
will
appreciate
them
makes
me
feel
good，which
is
enough
of
a
thank
for
me.”
Suddenly，still
thinking
about
mom's
deeds，I
heard
something
burst
loudly.It
was
our
car
that
broke
down!
Nothing
could
be
worse，because
neither
my
mom
nor
I
understood
how
to
repair
it，and
we
didn't
know
where
the
garage
was.It
also
seemed
impossible
to
wait
for
any
passer?by，since
we
had
seen
so
few
along
the
way.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Paragraph
1：
We
were
worrying
about
what
could
be
done.
Paragraph
2：
As
we
drove
along，a
flower
shop
came
into
sight
on
the
road.
【参考范文】
Paragraph
1：
We
were
worrying
about
what
could
be
done.
But
after
waiting
in
vain
for
a
considerable
time，mom
and
I
decided
to
walk
back
the
road
to
the
nursing
home
and
seek
help.God
knows
how
far
we
had
driven!
When
we
arrived，the
receptionist
was
surprised，but
warmly
helped
us
contact
the
garage.There，the
old
men
who
had
received
the
flowers
were
excited
to
meet
us，talking
about
how
great
that
day
was.It
amazed
me
that
random
actions
of
kindness
could
mean
a
lot
to
the
people
who
received
it.While
we
were
laughing
and
talking
merrily，the
garage
got
our
car
repaired.
Paragraph
2：
As
we
drove
along，a
flower
shop
came
into
sight
on
the
road.I
paced
quickly
into
the
flower
shop，where
a
bunch
of
flowers
glowing
red
in
full
bloom
caught
my
eye.Having
witnessed
the
effect
of
kindness，I
decided
to
send
mom
the
sweet
flowers.Soon，the
heavenly
scent
filled
the
car
again.Mom
tried
to
conceal
her
excitement，but
the
glittering
tears
failed
her.Through
this
trip，I
discovered
that，despite
my
occasional
anger
towards
her，I
actually
felt
proud
of
her.This
was
the
trip
of
my
life.
1/6申请信
申请信有很多种，比如求职申请、加入某组织或活动的申请等，其目的在于让对方了解自己的经验、能力、成就以及愿望等。
[基本框架]
1．首段：说明写信目的(申请原因)，信息来源，自己的打算。
2．主体：着重介绍自己的背景(教育情况、工作经历、兴趣爱好、特长等)。
3．尾段：表达自己的愿望。
[常用词块]
1．apply
for
this
job申请这份工作
2．speak
English
fluently说英语很流利
3．have
a
strong
team
spirit有很强的团队精神
4．become
a
member
of
your
staff成为你的员工
5．be
well
qualified
for
the
job完全胜任这项工作
6．be
good
at
expressing
myself
in
English
善于用英语表达我自己
7．work
well
with
others善于与他人合作
8．provide
the
best
service提供最佳服务
9．consider
my
application考虑我的申请
10．ask
for
an
opportunity
to
try申请一个尝试的机会
[常用语句]
★夺人眼球开头句
1．I
have
learned
on
your
website
that...Now
I'm
writing
to
apply
for
the
position
of...
我从你们的网站上得知……现在我写信申请……的职位。
2．I
am
writing
to
you
in
the
hope
that
I
may
obtain
an
opportunity
to...
我写信给你是希望我可以获得一个……机会。
3．I
am
writing
this
letter
to
recommend
myself
as
a
qualified
candidate
for...
我认为我是……的合格人选，所以我写信推荐自己。
4．I
am
interested
in...and
wish
to
enter
this
significant
program.
我对……感兴趣，希望加入这个重要项目中。
★亮点出彩主体句
1．As
an
outgoing...I
get
along
well
with
my
classmates.
作为一名外向的……我和同学们相处得很好。
2．For
one
thing，I
can
help...For
another
thing，I
can
improve
my
English，make
more
friends，and
enrich
my
life.
一方面，我能帮助……另一方面，我能提高我的英语水平，结交更多的朋友，丰富生活。
3．I
am
confident
that
I'm
suitable
for.../I'm
qualified
to
do.../I'm
equal
to
(doing)
sth.
我确信，我适合……/我有做……的资格/我能胜任(做)……
★韵味无穷结尾句
1．I
would
appreciate
it
if
I
have
the
chance
of
doing/to
do...
如果我有做……的机会，我将不胜感激。
2．Should
you
offer
me
an
interview，I
would
be
most
grateful.Look
forward
to
your
reply
soon.
如果您能给我提供面试机会，我将非常感激。期待您的早日答复。
3．I'm
looking
forward
to
a
favorable
reply
at
your
earliest
convenience.
期待在您方便的时候尽早给我一个肯定的答复。
4．I
would
greatly
appreciate
it
if
you
could
take
my
application
into
consideration.
如果您能考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。
假设你是李华，你在某英文旅游网站看到一则招聘以中文为母语的人做本地导游的假期工作，你对此很感兴趣。请根据以下要点写一封申请信。要点如下：
1．消息来源，求职心愿；
2．自我介绍，自己的优势；
3．获职打算，请求答复。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
3．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear
Sir
or
Madam，
I
am
looking
forward
to
your
reply.
Yours
sincerely，
Li
Hua
【参考范文】
Dear
Sir
or
Madam，
I
read
from
your
website
that
you
want
a
local
tourist
guide
in
China.I
am
very
interested
in
this
job.
I
am
a
17?year?old
Chinese
boy.I
have
a
good
knowledge
of
both
Chinese
and
English
and
I
am
good
at
communicating
with
others
and
expressing
myself.In
addition，I
am
fond
of
travelling.During
my
vacation，I
often
go
travelling
with
my
family
or
friends，so
I
am
quite
familiar
with
the
tourist
attractions
in
this
city.If
I
can
get
this
job，I
believe
I
can
do
it
very
well.
I
am
looking
forward
to
your
reply.
Yours
sincerely，
Li
Hua
1/3
