北师大版（2019）高中英语必修第三册Unit 8 Green living-核心讲解学案（含答案）

高中北师大2019版英语必修三
Unit 8 GREEN LIVING
【NOTES ON THE TEXTS】
Topic Talk
green living 绿色生活
Living things that are nourished will not injure one another; roads that run parallel will not interfere with one another.
万物并育而不相害，道并行而不相悖。
------《礼记·中庸》
Lesson l
Well, say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth, leave a light on when you go out or you drop a piece of litter and can’t be bothered to pick it up.
① leave sth.(sb.) doing 让......处于（某种状态）。
Eg：Don’t leave your children playing with fire.
② litter n. 垃圾，废弃物；杂乱，凌乱；一窝
v. 乱丢杂物
近义词：rubbish 垃圾，废物，废话；adj. 毫无价值的,
garbage 垃圾，废物（主要指有机废料）,
trash 垃圾，废物；vt. 修剪树枝，丢弃
③ be bothered to do sth. 费心做某事；懒得做某事
can’t be bothered 不想出力，不愿找麻烦
bother with 为......而费心/操心；用......打扰
Eg: You can’t be bothered to revise. 你甚至懒得花力气复习
Eg：She didn’t want to bother with anything unpleasant now.
她现在跟本不想在令人不愉快的事情上费心思。
Eg：I should be revising, but I just can’t be bothered.
我本该复习的，但我就是不想做这件事。
In addition to her research, she has been whole-heartedly committed to environment protection.
除了自己的科研，他还全身心的投入环保事业。
In addition to 除......之外（还）； what’s more
In addition 此外，另外
Eg：In addition to my weekly wage, I got a lot of tips.
除了每周的薪水外，我还得到不少的小费。
eg：There is, in addition, one further point to make.
此外还有一点要说。
Lesson 2
NPO none-profit organization 非营利组织
Why did she set up such an organization and what is it for?
207645069215set up 建立，设立，开始 build，construct，establish
set up for 自以为，自命为，为......做准备
Eg：The two sides agreed to set up a commission to investigate claims.
双方同意组建一个委员会来调查那些索赔要求。
Eg：I have got everything set up for her. 我已经为她准备好了一切。
Lesson 3
In the 1960s, a group of cycling fans came up with an idea.
come up with 提出，想出（主意、答案等）
Eg：He came up with the idea on his way home.
Several of the members have come up with suggestions of their own. 有几位成员提出了自己的建议。
Thanks to the ideas and efforts of many people, like the cycling fans of the 1960s...
thanks to 由于，因为；归功于 （突出一种感激之情）
-2032003175due to (书面语），侧重于“起因于”
owing to 由于，因为；归功于。 可以和due to 进行互换
Eg: Owing to the rain, the match was canceled.
His failure is largely due to timidity. 他的失败主要是由于胆小。
Last August, city officials interviewed about 500 residents to find out people’s attitudes to protecting the environment and what actions they had taken.
take action to do sth. 采取行动做某事
Eg：we should take action to protect the newly developed technology.
【GRAMMAR】
-ing / -ed 形式的动词（分词）————非谓语动词
分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种，现在分词通常暗含有主动和进行两个概念；过去分词通常暗含有被动和完成两个概念。
构成：
现在分词----动词原形+ing
过去分词----动词原形+ed
成分：表语，定语，状语和宾语补足语
作表语
分词作表语通常表示主语所具有的特征。
Eg：The movie we saw yesterday was really moving.
They were very excited on hearing the news.
作定语
分词前置
Eg：an understanding man
A developing country
Smoked fish
A developed country

分词后置相当于定语从句的省略，但要注意不是所有的定语从句都能用分词代替，关键在于定语从句的时态。
Eg： The girl sitting in that corner is a good singer.
The proposal made by him will be discussed.
注意：过去分词作定语含有被动和完成的概念，即分词的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前，因此不是所有被动语态的定语从句都可省略成过去分词；
eg：Do you know the name of the book which will be written by our teacher？
作状语
分词作状语实际上就是一个并列句或状语从句的省略，并对句子稍作改动。
Eg：Being a clever boy，he studies very well.== (As a clever boy, he studies very well.)
作宾语补足语
感官动词或感觉动词 hear，see，watch，observe等词后可用现在分词作宾补。
另外catch，discover，find，get，have等动词后可用现在分词作宾补。
Eg：I heard someone knocking at the door.（我听到有人正在敲门。强调进行）
I heard someone knock at the door. （强调有这么回事）
She caught me smoking again.
He had the light burning all night.
分词的时态和语态
【练习】
He told me about the things ＿＿＿ at the meeting ． (discuss)
A metal ＿＿＿ uranium gives off a kind of radiation ． (call)
The water in this glass is too hot ． I prefer some cold ＿＿＿ water ． (boil)
The problem just ＿＿＿ is an important one ． (refer to)
The story was so ＿＿＿ that all of us were ＿＿＿ to tears ． (move)
When I entered the theatre, I saw him ＿＿＿ in the first row ． (seat)
I found my daughter quite ＿＿＿ in drawing ． (interest)
He had his leg ＿＿＿ in the football match yesterday ． (break)
If you have a book in front of your face, you can feel the air ＿＿＿ against your face ． (move)
With the job ＿＿＿ , they went to the cinema ． (do)
With the boy ＿＿＿ the way, the soldiers managed to walk through the forest ． (lead)
Before he came to London, he had never heard a single English word ＿＿＿． (speak)
She was very glad to see her child well ＿＿＿． (take care of)
The boy went to the ball, ＿ like a pretty girl.(dress)
＿ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.(dress)
The film was made ＿ on a true old story.(base)
When ＿ ,the museum will be open to the public next year.(complete)
＿ to his research, he almost forgot everything.(devote)
＿ his attention on his novel, he didn’t notice the teacher coming.(fix)
＿ on his novel, he didn’t notice the teacher coming.(fix)
The old engineer talked of the difficulty they ＿ the tower.(build)
＿ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.(suffer)
＿ the past, our life is becoming much better.(compare with)
The boy was last seen ＿ near the East Lake.(play)
Tom was very unhappy for ＿ to the party.(invite)
When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door ＿ “Sorry to miss you; will call later.” (read)
We went to see him yesterday evening, ＿ him away.(find)
＿ of plastics, the machines are easy to carry.(make)
答案： 1. discussed 2.called 3.boiled 4. refferred to 6.seated 7. interested 8 broken 9 moving 10 done 11 leading 12 spoken 13 taken care of
答案 : 1 dressed 2. Dressed 3 based 4 completed 5 Devoted 6 Fixing 7 Fixed 8 had building 9 Having suffered 10 Compared with 11 playing 12 not having been invited 13 reading 14 only to find 15 Made