英语学科讲义
知识典例
宾语从句
一、结构：
主句
+连词（引导词）+
宾语从句
二、宾语从句种类
a.
由that引导的宾语从句，that无任何意义，可以省略。
当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句），连词由that引导
Lin
Tao
feels
(that)
his
own
team
is
even
better.
She
says
(that)
she
won’t
take
part
in
the
sports
meeting
next
Sunday.
Jim
thought
(that)
the
train
was
like
a
big
moving
party.
He
said
(that)
he
would
like
to
see
the
headmaster.
注意：
在主句为动词be加某些形容词（如sorry,
sure,
afraid,
glad等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的
从句也可算是宾语从句。
I’m
sorry
(that)
I
don’t
know
.
We’re
sure
(that)
our
team
will
win
.
I’m
afraid
(that)
he
won’t
pass
the
exam.
b.
由if或whether引导的宾语从句，if或whether表示“是否”，不可以省略。
当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether或if引导
I
want
to
know
if
/Whether
you
still
work
in
the
factory.
He
asks
if
/Whether
we
will
go
to
visit
the
museum
next
week.
注意：
一般情况下，if和whether可以互换，但以下3种情况只能用whether：
①在不定式前：Whether
to
go
there
or
not
hasn’t
been
decided.
②在介词前：It
depends
on(依靠)
whether
it
is
going
to
rain.
③与or
not连用：They
are
talking
about
whether
to
go
there
or
not.
c.
由疑问词引导的宾语从句，疑问代词或疑问副词有意义，并在从句中充当一定的句子成分，不可以省略。
当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由连接代词（what,
who,
whom,
which,
whose）或连接副词（when,
where,
how,
why）引导
Do
you
know
when
we
are
going
to
Beijing?
He
wants
to
know
who
lives
in
this
room.
I
wonder
what
he
is
doing
now.
I
am
really
surprised
at
why
he
said
so.
注意：
带how的词组也都可以引导宾语从句。
I
don’t
know
how
far
it
is
to
the
cinema
.
Please
tell
us
how
many
students
there
are
in
your
school
?
Could
you
tell
us
how
much
it
costs
to
fly
to
Hainan
?
三、宾语从句语序
宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分”。
Can
you
tell
me
who(m)
do
we
have
to
see?(╳)
Can
you
tell
me
who(m)
we
have
to
see?(
√)
The
teacher
asked
the
students
what
they
were
doing.(思考:
what在从句中的成分)
注意:
当从句的原句为以下句子以及疑问词做主语(常用：which,
who)作主语时，语序不变：
What’s
wrong?/What’s
the
matter?/What’s
happening?/What’s
the
proble?/What’s
the
trouble?
eg:I
don’t
know
what’s
the
matter./Can
you
tell
me
who
is
over
there?
四、宾语从句时态
1.如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态根据具体情况来确定。
Please
tell
us
where
we’ll
go
fishing
tomorrow.
Do
you
know
when
Mr.
Smith
moved
here?
I
don’t
think
(that)
you
are
right.
2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时，
过去进行
时，
过去将来时，过去完成时）。
He
told
me
that
he
was
born
in
Beijing
in
1992.
(
√)
He
said
that
he
would
go
back
to
the
U.S.
soon.
(
√)
I
thought
(that)
you
are
free
today.
(╳)
I
thought
(that)
you
would
be
free
today.
(
√)
注意：
当宾语从句叙述的是客观真理时，不管主句谓语的时态如何，从句都用一般现在时。
The
teacher
told
us
(that)
the
earth
moves
around
the
sun.
Could
you.......?引导的宾语从句时态不用过去时，根据主句来决定时态。could是委婉语气。
Could
you
tell
me
how
I
can
get
to
the
station?
五、宾语从句和状语从句的区别
I
will
go
out
tomorrow
if
it
is
fine
tomorrow.
→状语从句，表示“条件”，修饰主句，意为：如果。
I
don’t
know
if
the
train
has
arrived.
→宾语从句，充当谓语动词don’t
know的宾语，意为：是否。
判断方法：
1、从整个句式看。
状语从句一般可以放在主句的前面或后面，宾语从句只能放在主句谓语动词之后。
2、从引导词看。
if充当宾语从句的连接词时，相当于whether，词义为“是否”，充当状语从句的连接词时，词
义为“如果”。
when充当宾语从句的连接词时，意为“什么时候”，充当状语从句的连接词时，意为“当……
的时候”。
3．从时态看。
if和when作连接词时，引导宾语从句要注意：从句的谓语动词的时态应根据主句的时态作相应的变化。
if和when充当从属连词时，引导条件和时间状语从句，一般遵从“主将从现”的用法。
They
don’t
know
if
(是否)we
are
going
hiking
next
weekend.(宾语从句)
We’ll
go
to
the
Great
Wall
if
(如果)
it
doesn’t
rain
tomorrow.(状语从句)
=If
doesn’t
rain
tomorrow,
we’ll
go
to
the
Great
Wall.
Could
you
tell
me
when（什么时候）the
train
arrives
?
(宾语从句)
Every
thing
is
coming
to
life
when（当……时候）spring
comes.(状语从句)
六、宾语从句中的从句简化（难点）
在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词＋不定式”结构。如：
Can
you
tell
me
how
I
can
get
to
the
station?
→Can
you
tell
me
how
to
get
to
the
station?
按照要求完成下列题目：
1.考查时态一致性
(
)
1.
The
girls
asked
if
they
____
some
food
and
drink
with
them.
A.
took
B.
take
C.
takes
D.
will
take
(
)
2
.Catherine
said
that
she
___
to
Guangzhou.
A.
has
never
gone
B.
had
never
gone
C.
has
never
been
D.
had
never
been
(
)
3.
The
students
want
to
know
whether
they___
dictation(背诵)
today.
A.
had
B.
has
C.
will
have
D.
have
(
)
4.
She
asked
Linda
if___
go
and
get
some.
A.
could
she
B.
she
could
C.
she
can
D.
she
may
(
)
5.
Linda
said
the
moon___
round
the
earth.
A.
traveled
B.
has
traveled
C.
travels
D.
had
traveled
2.考查连接词
1.He
said,
“You
are
younger
than
I”.（改为含宾语从句的复合句）
He
said_________
I_________
younger
than
him.
2."Will
they
go
to
visit
the
Great
Wall?"
he
asked.（改为含宾语从句的复合句）
He
asked
_________they_________
go
to
visit
the
Great
Wall.
3.He
asked
me,
“Why
are
you
late
for
school?”（改为含宾语从句的复合句）
He
asked
me
_________
_________
was
late
for
school.
3.考查陈述句语序
(
)
1.
Could
you
tell
me
___?
A.
when
will
they
leave
Beijing
B.
when
would
they
leave
Beijing
C.
when
they
will
leave
Beijing
D.
when
they
would
leave
Beijing
(
)
2.Please
tell
me
______
last
year.
A.where
does
your
sister
work
B
where
did
your
sister
work
C
where
your
sister
works
D
where
your
sister
worked
(
)
3.She
asked
me
if
I
knew
______.
A.
whose
pen
is
it
B.
whose
pen
it
was
C.
whose
pen
it
is
D.
whose
pen
was
it
(
)
4.
You
must
remember
________.
A.
what
your
mother
said
B.
what
did
your
mother
say
C.
your
mother
said
what
D.
what
has
your
mother
said
(
)
5.
Did
you
know
____?
A.
who
he
was
looking
after
B.
who
was
he
looking
for
C.
who
he
is
looking
for
D.
who
he
is
looking
after
4.
考查.If/when
的区别
1.
If
it
_______(rain)
tomorrow，I
won’t
come.
2.
He
didn’t
tell
me
if
it
_________(rain)
tomorrow.
3.
I
don’t
know
if
he
__________(come)
tomorrow.
If
he______
(come),
I’ll
tell
you.
4.
When
it
________
(stop)
raining,
we’ll
go
swimming.
5.
Could
you
tell
me
when
the
film
____________(start)?
I’ll
leave
for
a
moment.
Keys:
1.
1-5
ADCBC
2.
1.that,was
2.if
(whether)
,would
3.why
I
3.
1-5
CDBAA
4.
1.
rains
2.would
rain
3.will
come,
comes
4.stops
5.will
start
状语从句
一、分类
从句类型从属连词时间when，while,
before,
after,
as(当…时），since(自从），as
soon
as，not...until条件if，unless,as
long
as原因because，since
(既然），as
(由于），now
that目的so
that
(为了），in
order
that结果so
...
that…
(如此……以至于）such...that.....,so
that(结果是)让步though,
although,even
though,even
if比较than,
as
...
as
,
not
as/so
...
as
...
二、句法功能：
★时间状语从句（主句将来时从句现在时）
时间状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。连接时间状语从句的连接词有：
when(当……的时候)；while（当……的时候）
as(当……的时候)
；since(自从
……)
till/
until（一直到……；
否定：not…until
直到……才）；by
the
time(到……时)
as
soon
as（一……就）；before(在……前)
after(在……后)
It
was
raining
hard
when
got
to
school
yesterday.
While
he
was
doing
his
homework,
the
telephone
rang.
As
he
walked
along
the
lake,
he
sang
happily.
He
had
learned
a
little
Chinese
before
he
came
to
China.
After
he
finished
middle
school,
he
went
to
work
in
a
factory.
易混引导词while,
when的区别：
when既可以指"时间点",与瞬间动词连用，也可以指"时间段"，与延续性动词连用（=while）。
While表示时间段,因此，while
从句的谓语动词要用延续性动词。
练习：用while或when填空
Please
don't
talk
so
loud
______
others
are
working.
______
he
came
in,
his
mother
was
cooking.
______
we
were
at
school,
we
went
to
the
library
every
day.
在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。
练习：
I’ll
ring
you
up
as
soon
as
I
______（get）
to
New
York.
I
will
tell
him
everything
when
he
______
(come)
back.
He
won’t
believe
it
until
he
______
(see)
it
with
his
own
eyes.
结论:
主将从现的原则
在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“一直到……时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式，其含义是“直到……才……”,
“在……以前不……”,
谓语动词可用瞬间动词。
例如：（注意粗体单词）
The
young
man
read
till
the
light
went
out.
Let’s
wait
until
the
rain
stops.
We
won’t
start
until
Bob
comes.
Don’t
get
off
until
the
bus
stops.
★条件状语从句
（主句用将来时从句用现在时）
1)条件状语从句通常由if,
unless引导。例如：
What
shall
we
do
if
it
snows
tomorrow?
Don’t
leave
the
building
unless
I
tell
you
to.
2)在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。
练习：
1.
I’ll
help
you
with
your
English
if
I
______(be)
free
tomorrow.
2.
He
______(not)
be
late
unless
he
is
ill.
3)“祈使句
+
and
(or)+
陈述句”
在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如：
Hurry
up,
or
（其中文意思是什么）you’ll
be
late.
=If
you
don’t
hurry
up,
you’ll
be
late.
Study
hard
and
you
will
pass
the
exam.
=If
you
study
hard,
you
will
pass
the
exam.
批注：需要让学生理解祈使句也是个句子，只是省略主语的句子，汉语中也较多此类句型，可以
类比讲解。
★原因状语从句
1)原因状语从句通常由because,
since（因为）,
as（因为）引导。例如：
He
didn’t
come
to
school
because
he
was
ill.
As
it
is
raining,
we
shall
not
go
the
zoo.
Since
you
can’t
answer
the
question,
I’ll
ask
someone
else.
because表示直接原因，语气最强。Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由why
提出的问题，只能用because。As和since语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。由as和since引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。例如：
------Why
aren’t
going
there?
------Because
I
don’t
want
to.
As
he
has
no
car,
he
can’t
get
there
easily.
Since
we
have
no
money,
we
can’t
buy
it.
3)because和so不能同用在一个句子里。
★结果状语从句
1)结果状语从句由so…that,
such…that,
so
that引导。
练习：
1.
He
is
______
poor
that
he
can’t
buy
a
bike
for
his
son.
A.so
B.
such
C.
much
D
.too
2.
She
is
______good
teacher
that
everybody
likes
her.
A
.such
a
B.
so
a
C.
a
so
D
.a
such
2)so…that语such...that可以互换。例如：
在由so...that引导的结果状语从句中，so是副词，与形容词连用。其结构是:
“...so
+
形容词（副词）+
that
+
从句”。
例如：
He
was
so
glad
that
he
couldn’t
say
a
word.
The
hall
is
so
big
that
it
can
hold
2,000
people.
Mother
lives
so
far
away
that
we
hardly
ever
see
her.
在由such…that引导的结果状语从句中，such是形容词，它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词，
也可以是不可数名词；名词前面可以带形容词，也可不带。如果是单数可数名词，前面需加不定
冠词a或an。例如：
It
was
such
a
hot
day
that
nobody
wanted
to
do
anything.
He
had
such
long
arms
that
he
could
almost
touch
the
ceiling.
He
made
such
rapid
progress
that
he
did
very
well
in
the
mid-term.
有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。
练习：（选出划线部分的近义选项）
(1)It
was
such
a
wonderful
film
that
all
of
us
wanted
to
see
it
again.
A
so
wonderful
a
film
B
so
a
wonderful
film
(2)It
is
such
an
important
match
that
nobody
wants
to
miss
it.
A
so
an
important
match
B
an
so
important
match
C
so
important
a
match
(3)如果名词前由many,
much,
little,
few等词修饰时，只能用so,
不用such。
练习：
1.Soon
there
were
______
many
deer
that
they
ate
up
all
the
wild
roses.
A
so
B
such
C
much
★比较状语从句
比较状语从句通常由as…as,
比较级
+
than…等连词引导。例如：
Tom
runs
faster
than
John
does.
This
classroom
is
as
big
as
that
one.
批注：这里需要强调两个as后面接的词性是不同的，且第一个as后面接的必须是形容词和副词
的原级，这是考试的重点；与此不同的是，than前面必须是形容词和副词的比较级形式。
★目的状语从句
1)目的状语从句通常由
so
that,
in
order
that引导。例如：
We
started
early
so
that
we
could
catch
the
first
train.
He
studies
hard
so
that
he
could
work
better
in
the
future.
We
used
the
computer
in
order
that
we
might
save
time.
2)so
that既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。区别这两种从句的办法有两个：
目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can,
could,
may,
might等。
从意思上看，目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。例如：
Speak
clearly
so
that
they
may
understand
you.
(目的状语从句)
Jack
is
badly
ill
so
that
he
has
to
rest.
(结果状语从句)
批注：这里主要引导学生从意思的角度进行区分，比如第二个句子，生病的目的不可能是为了休
息，不符合正常的逻辑。
★让步状语从句
1)让步状语从句通常由although,
though，even
though，even
if，no
matter，however等连词引导。
1.Though
he
is
young,
he
knows
a
lot.
2.
Although／Though／Even
though／Even
if
you
don’t
like
him
you
can
still
be
polite．
尽管／即使／纵然／即使你不喜欢他，你仍可有礼貌一些。
3.
No
matter
what
you
do(Whatever
your
do)，don’t
touch
this
switch．
无论怎样，都别碰这个按钮。
4.
However
rich
people
are(=No
matter
how
rich
people
are
)，they
always
seem
anxious
to
make
more
money．
无论人们多么富有，他们似乎总还渴望赚到更多的钱。
5.
However
carefully
you
drive，you
will
probably
have
an
accident
eventually．
无论你开车多小心，最后你大概还会出车祸。
6.
Whatever
you
do，don’t
tell
him
that
I
told
you
this．
无论如何，别跟他说这件事是我告诉你的。
2)although(though)和but不能用在同一个句子中。例如：
我们不能说：Though
it
was
raining
hard,
but
he
still
went
out.
应该说：Though
it
was
raining
hard,
he
still
went
out.
或
It
was
raining
hard,
but
he
still
went
out.
批注：这是英语和汉语说话习惯不同的地方，需要重点讲解。另外，可以类比地讲解“因为和所
以不能出现在同一个句子中”。
★地点状语从句
地点状语从句常常由where来引导。例如：
Go
where
you
like./Where
there
is
a
will,
there
is
a
way.
批注：这属于比较难的知识点，学生理解即可。
强化练习
2018-2020二模卷分类汇编
宾语从句汇编
I.Choose
the
best
answer.选择填空。
1.
These
animals
are
in
danger.
We
should
think
________
to
protect
them.
A.
what
can
we
do
B.
what
we
can
do
C.
how
can
we
do
D.
how
we
can
do
2.
Could
you
tell
me______?
A.
where
is
the
headmaster
B.
whose
camera
it
is
C.
what
Jack
was
happened
D.
how
long
does
it
take
you
to
the
aquarium
3.
I
don’t
know
______
Apple
iphone4s.
A.
that
she
is
so
crazy
about
B.
what
is
she
so
crazy
about学科王
C.
why
she
is
so
crazy
about
D.
how
she
is
so
crazy
about科王
4.
I
wonder________
on
April
23,
World
Book
Day.
Did
you
find
some
interesting
books
to
read?
A.
what
did
you
do
B.
what
you
did
C.
what
do
you
do
D.
what
you
do学科
5.-
What
did
the
teacher
say
to
you
just
now?
-
She
asked
______.
A.
where
did
I
learn
English
B.
where
I
learned
English
B.
where
do
I
learn
English
D.
where
I
learn
English
6.
—Can
you
guess
______
the
new
schoolbag
yesterday?
—Sorry,
I’ve
no
idea.
A.
how
much
did
he
pay
for
B.
how
much
he
spent
C.
how
much
he
paid
for
D.
how
much
did
he
spend
7.
—Mary,
could
you
tell
me
if
your
mother
________
our
school
sports
meeting
tomorrow?
—I
think
she
will
come
to
school
if
she
_________
free.
A.
will
take
part
in;
will
be
B.
takes
part
in;
is
C.
will
take
part
in;
is
D.
takes
part
in;
will
be
8.
The
policeman
asked
the
small
girl
__________
A.
why
she
was
crying
B.
why
was
she
crying
C.
why
she
is
crying
D.
why
is
she
crying
9.
Could
you
tell
me
______
after
this
exam
?
A.
what
you
did
B.
what
did
you
do
C.
what
will
you
do
D.
what
you
will
do
10.
He
said
that
light
______much
faster
than
sound.
A.
has
travelled
B.
went
C.
travels
D.travelled
11.
Could
you
tell
me
________
find
another
interesting
detective
story
to
read?
A)
where
I
can
B)
where
can
I
C)
where
I
could
D)
where
could
I
12.
Could
you
tell
me
________
late
for
the
meeting
yesterday?
A.
why
were
you
B.
why
you
were
C.
why
are
you
D.
why
you
are
13.
Mr.
King
doesn't
know
what
time
________
back
home
yesterday
evening.
A.
does
his
son
come
B.
his
son
comes
C.
did
his
son
come
D.
his
son
came
14.
A:
Show
me
the
map,
please.
I
wonder
________.
B:
Look,
it’s
here,
in
the
east
of
China,
near
Taiwan
Province.
A.where
is
Diaoyu
Island
B.
where
is
Diaoyu
Island
located
C.
where
does
Diaoyu
Island
lie
D.where
Diaoyu
Island
is
located
15.
I
don't
know________
the
day
after
tomorrow．
A.
when
does
he
come
B.
how
will
he
come
C.
if
he
comes
D.
whether
he'll
come
Keys:1-5BBCBB
6-10CCADC
11-15ABDDD
II.
Rewrite
the
following
sentences
as
required.
1.
He
asked:
“
How
can
I
get
to
the
Bund?”
(改为间接引语)
He
asked___________
he
__________
get
to
the
Bund.
2.
Mrs.
Lin
asked
me
“Have
you
finished
drawing
the
picture?”
(合并为一句)
Mrs.
Lin
asked
me
________
I
________
finished
drawing
the
picture.
3.
When
will
we
take
an
English
exam?
We
wanted
to
know.
(改为宾语从句)
We
wanted
to
know
we
take
an
English
exam.
4.
“Can
you
help
me
repair
the
bike?”
Mary
asked
Jack.
(改为宾语从句)
Mary
asked
Jack
_____________he
_____________
help
her
repair
the
bike.
5.“Do
you
always
catch
such
an
early
train?”
The
policeman
asked
the
man.（合并为一句）
The
policeman
asked
the
man
________
he
always
________
such
an
early
train.
6.
Frank
asked
me,
"Have
you
ever
created
a
comic
strip?"
(改为宾语从句)
Frank
asked
me
whether
________
________
ever
created
a
comic
strip.
7.
“Mum,
was
the
telephone
invented
by
Bell?”
the
girl
asked.
(改为宾语从句)
The
girl
asked
her
mum
________
the
telephone
________
invented
by
Bell.
8.
I
wondered.
Will
Jack
recognize
me
after
such
a
long
time?
(合并两句)
I
wondered
________
Jack
________
recognize
me
after
such
a
long
time.
9.
When
are
we
going
to
visit
the
museum?
Do
you
know?
(改为宾语从句)
Do
you
know
when
_______
_______
going
to
visit
the
museum?
10.
“What
are
you
doing?”
My
teacher
asked
us
.（合并为一句）
My
teacher
asked
us
what
________
________doing.
We
haven't
decided
where
will
hold
the
meeting.（改为简单句）
We
haven't
decided
________
________
hold
the
meeting.
Diana
is
thinking
about
what
she
can
do
to
solve
the
serious
problem.（改为简单句）
Diana
is
thinking
about
________
________
do
to
solve
the
serious
problem.
When
will
they
come
back?
The
readers
always
asked.
(改为宾语从句）
The
readers
always
asked
_______
they________
come
back.
“What
kind
of
stories
have
you
read
these
years?”
Bob
asked
me.（改为宾语从句）
Bob
asked
me
_________
kind
of
stories
I
_________
read
these
years.
“How
did
the
ancient
people
build
that
stone
bridge?”
asks
Tom.
（改为间接引语）
Tom
wants
to
know
_________
the
ancient
people
_________
that
stone
bridge.
"Roddy,
do
you
enjoy
working
as
an
extra?"
asked
the
journalist,（改为间接引语）
The
journalist
asked
Roddy_________
_________enjoyed
working
as
an
extra.
Did
Bob
catch
the
plane
last
weekend?
Could
you
tell
me?（改为含宾语从句的主从复合句）
Could
you
tell
me_______Bob
_______the
plane
last
weekend?
‘How
have
they
managed
to
get
everything
finished
so
quickly?’
Mike
wondered.（改为宾语从句）
Mike
wondered
_________
they
_________
managed
to
get
everything
finished
so
quickly.
“What
will
we
have
for
dinner?”
Nina
asked
her
mother.（改为间接引语）
Nina
asked
her
mother
_________
they
_________
have
for
dinner.
John
asked
his
teacher
Sandy,
“What
do
you
think
of
our
suggestions
to
the
school?（改为宾语从句）
John
asked
his
teacher
Sandy
__________
she
__________
of
their
suggestions
to
the
school.
Keys:
1.how
could
2.whether
had
3.when
would
4.whether
could
5.whether
caught
6.I
had
7.whether
was
8.whether
would
9.we
are
10.we
were
11.
where
to
12.
what
to
13.
when
would
14.
what
,had
15.
how,
built
16.
whether/if,
he
17.
whether/if;
caught
18.
how
,had
19.
what
,
would
20.
what
thought
状语从句汇编
单项选择
1.Fresh
water
is
______
precious
______
it
is
sometimes
called
liquid
gold.
A.
such…that
B.
too…to
C.
as…as
D.
so…that
2.
Peter
knew
the
solution
to
the
maths
problem,
_____
he
was
too
shy
to
answer
it.
A.
and
B.
or
C.
but
D.
so
3.Please
practice
playing
the
violin
regularly,
______
you
will
improve
your
skills.
A.
and
B.
or
C.
but
D.
so
4.
Do
you
still
want
to
go
camping
in
such
cold
weather
____
have
you
changed
your
mind?
A.
and
B.
or
C.
but
D.
so
5.Jerry
lost
his
way
in
the
field,
________
the
ground
was
covered
with
thick
snow.
A.
or
B.
for
C.
but
D.
so
6.
_______
most
of
the
earth’s
surface
is
covered
with
water,
fresh
water
is
very
rare
and
precious.
A.
Since
B.
While
C.
Because
D.
Although
7.
We
will
achieve
good
marks
_____
we
keep
working
hard.
A.even
if
B.
so
that
C.
as
long
as
D.
instead
of
8.
Jimmy
set
out
early
for
the
airport,
______
he
wouldn’t
catch
the
plane.
A.
and
B.
then
C.
so
D.
or
9.
I’m
going
to
buy
my
mum
a
blouse
______
I
can
think
of
a
better
idea
for
a
present.
A.
because
B.
after
C.
until
D.
unless
10.
Mom
hated
the
latest
action
movie,
______dad
thought
it
was
a
good
one.
A.
so
B.
and
C.
or
D.
but
11.
The
Trojan
War
continued
for
several
hours
_____
darkness
came.
A.
as
soon
as
B.
if
C.
since
D.
until
12.
My
mother
has
little
interest
in
football
________
she
didn’t
watch
the
live
match
on
TV
yesterday
evening.
A.
so
B.
if
C.
though
D.
when
13.
You’ll
not
make
any
progress________you
get
rid
of
your
bad
habit
of
study.
A.
because
B.
after
C.if
D.
unless
14.
The
British
swimmer
received
a
lot
of
cheers
from
the
audience
_____
he
lost
the
race.
A.
as
soon
as
B.
though
C.
until
D.before
15.Betty
didn’t
notice
the
mistake
she
made
at
all
_______she
read
the
article
again
carefully.
A.
after
B.
when
C.
as
soon
as
D.
until
16.
At
school,
we
are
taught______
knowledge_______
how
to
behave
well.
neither;
nor
B)either;
or
C)not
only;
but
also
D)not;
but
17.Work
really
hard,
______you
can
realize
your
dream
of
becoming
a
pilot.
A.
but
B.
so
C.
or
D.
and
18.The
Italian
woman
didn’t
feel
a
culture
shock________it
was
her
first
time
to
Shanghai.
A)
though
B)
since
C)if
D)when?
19.Your
mother
will
be
happier________you
can
help
with
the
housework
when
you
have
time.
A.
if
B.
until
C.
where
D.
unless
20.
I
don't
feel
lonely_______I
make
an
effort
to
make
friends
with
people.
A.
while
B.
because
C.
before
D.
unless
Keys:1-5
DCABB
6-10
DCDDD
11-15
DADBD
16-20
CDAAB
句型转换
We’d
better
set
out
early
so
that
we
won’t
hurry
on
the
way.（保持句意基本不变）
We’d
better
set
our
early
_________
_________
not
to
hurry
on
the
way.
Be
strict
with
yourself
or
you
will
fall
behind.（保持句意基本不变）
You
will
fall
behind
________
you
________
strict
with
yourself.
Protecting
ourselves
is
important.
So
is
protecting
the
medical
workers.
(保持句意不变）
Protecting
the
medical
workers
is
just
______
important
______
protecting
ourselves.
The
girl
felt
so
lucky
that
she
could
get
a
chance
to
interview
the
scientist.（改为简单句）
The
girl
felt
_________
_________
to
get
a
change
to
interview
the
scientist.
Alex
was
proud
of
his
father.
He
wrote
many
articles
about
him.
（合并成一句）
Alex
was
_________
proud
of
his
father
_________
he
wrote
many
articles
about
him.
The
night
was
cold.
We
had
to
put
a
camping
blanket
around
us.（保持句意基本不变）
The
night
was
_________cold
_________we
had
to
put
a
camping
blanket
around
us.
Lucy
was
very
angry.
She
didn’t
know
what
to
say.
(两句合并为一句)
Lucy
was_________
angry________
she
didn't
know
what
to
say.
We
don
t
allow
fireworks
here
in
order
to
prevent
air
pollution
and
fires.（保持句意基本不变）
We
don't
allow
fireworks
here_______
_______we
can
prevent
air
pollution
and
fires.
You
cannot
watch
TV
tonight
unless
you
have
done
your
homework.
(保持句意基本不变)
You
cannot
watch
TV
tonight
_________
you
_________
done
your
homework.
Jack
ran
so
fast
that
he
caught
the
early
train
to
the
city.
(保持句意基本不变)
Jack
ran
_____
_____
to
catch
the
early
train
to
the
city
I
don’t
think
Peter
looks
as
healthy
as
his
brother.
（保持句意基本不变）
I
think
Peter’s
brother
looks
_______
_______
Peter.
The
superstar
is
very
kind.
He
helps
poor
villages
to
set
up
schools.
(保持句意基本不变)
The
superstar
is
______
kind
______
he
helps
poor
villages
to
set
up
schools.
The
waiter
stopped
explaining
the
menu
after
all
of
us
understood
it.
(保持句意基本不变)
The
waiter
stop
explaining
the
menu
all
of
us
understood
it.
Jane
cleaned
out
her
house.
She
could
have
a
party
inside.（合并为一句）
Jane
cleaned
out
her
house
________
________
she
could
have
a
party
inside.
He
went
to
the
summer
camp
in
order
to
improve
his
language.
(保持句意不变)
He
went
to
the
summer
camp
__________
__________
he
could
improve
his
language.
KEYS：
in
order/
so
as
2.
unless
are
/
if
aren't
3.
as
as
4.
lucky
enough
5.
so,
that
6.
so
,that
so
that
8.
so
that
9.
if
haven’t
10.
fast
enough
11.
healthier
than
12.
so…that…
13.
didn’t
until
14.so
that
15.
so
that
翻转总结
“主过从过”是什么意思？
so...that..和so
that的区别是什么？它们的同义转换有哪些？
巩固提升
2020青浦二模
B.
Choose
the
best
answer
and
complete
the
passage
（选择最恰当的选项完成短文）
Studies
prove
that
there
are
many
differences
between
people
who
own
kittens
and
those
who
own
puppies.
1.
Cat
lovers
are
not
afraid
to
be
alone.
Wonder
why
so
many
__75__
girls
own
cats?
Cat
people
love
to
spend
time
and
live
alone.
They
prefer
to
stay
at
home
rather
than
party
all
night
long.
Dog
lovers,
__76__,
enjoy
the
company
and
they
have
trouble
living
alone.
2.
Dog
lovers
seek
companionship（伙伴关系）
Many
people
adopt
or
buy
dogs.
One
of
the
__77__
is
that
they
look
for
long-term
companionship.
Dogs
love
the
company
and
tend
to
spend
more
time
with
people
than
just
sleep
the
whole
day
on
the
couch.
Dog
owners
are
the
same.
My
friend,
who
is
a
big
dog
lover,
says,
“The
best
thing
about
owning
a
dog
is
companionship:
When
I
come
home,
my
puppy
comes
to
__78__
me
as
if
he
has
not
seen
me
for
ages.”
3.
Cat
lovers
tend
to
ignore
rules
Dogs
are
more
obedient
than
cats.
While
it
is
extremely
hard
to
make
a
cat
to
walk
with
you
in
the
park
or
teach
them
to
sit
or
lie
down
when
needed,
dogs
do
those
things
easily.
The
same
goes
for
dog
lovers
-
they
__79__
the
rules
and
obey
when
needed.
Cat
people
often
ignore
the
rules
they
do
not
like.
4.
Cat
lovers
are
more
__80__
Cats
lovers
do
not
bother
about
a
single
life.
They
have
enough
strength
to
survive
the
hard
times
all
alone
and
deal
with
any
problem
without
any
help.
Without
someone
else’s
help.
Dog
people
have
trouble
solving
their
problems.
75.
A.
lovely
B.
likely
C.
lonely
D.
friendly
76.
A.
indeed
B.
instead
C.
in
fact
D.
for
example
77.
A.
reasons
B.
secrets
C.
results
D.
choices
78.
A.
notice
B.
catch
C.
greet
D.
cheer
79.
A.
follow
B.
explain
C.
protect
D.
break
80.
A.
responsible
B.
powerful
C.
confident
D.
independent
C.
Fill
in
the
blanks
with
proper
words
（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）
A
Welcoming
Way
to
Show
China
to
the
World
Modern
life
is
not
easy
and
full
of
stress.
It
will
be
nicer
to
get
away
from
all
the
noise
and
congestion（拥挤）and
live
a
simpler
life
in
the
countryside.
This
is
what
popular
vlogger（网络视频录制者）Li
Ziqi
did.
Li
was
raised
on
a
farm
by
her
grandparents,
but
at
the
age
of
14
she
left
the
farm
to
work
in
the
city.
However,
she
found
that
city
life
was
d__81__
and
decided
to
move
back
to
the
countryside.
“When
I
worked
in
the
city,
it
was
only
about
survival,”
she
said,
“In
the
countryside,
I
am
t___82__
living.”
When
Li
was
back,
she
began
making
videos
about
her
daily
life
and
posting
them
to
the
Internet.
She
now
has
more
than
20
million
followers
on
Sina
Weibo
and
over
7.5
million
subscribers
on
YouTube.
Her
fans
admire
the
way
she
makes
e__83__
by
herself:
growing
food
and
preparing
traditional
Chinese
dishes,
cutting
down
bamboo
and
making
furniture,
dyeing（染色）cloth
and
making
her
own
clothes.
The
videos
are
beautifully
made,
but
Li
says
she
hopes
her
videos
an
provide
people
with
e__84__
as
well
as
fun.
“I
want
people
in
the
city
to
know
where
their
food
comes
from.
Some
children
b__85__
rice
grows
on
trees!”
The
idyllic（田园诗般的）countryside
life
Li
shows
has
the
magical
power
of
making
people
feel
comfortable
and
relaxed.
When
we
talk
about
Chinese
culture,
the
first
things
that
come
to
many
people
might
be
bullet
trains.
5G
technology
and
fast-developing
cities.
However,
it
is
actually
the
more
traditional
side
of
China
that
is
much
more
a__86__
to
people
from
other
cultures.
Through
her
videos.
Li
lets
the
world
know
that
Chinese
people
are
good
at
making
works
of
a__87__
out
of
even
the
simplest
materials
--
this
is
definitely
a
way
to
show
China
to
the
world.
B.
75.
C
76.
B
77.
A
78.
C
79.
A
80.
D
C.
81.
difficult
82.
truly
83.
everything
84.
education
85.
believe
86.
attractive
87.
art英语学科讲义
宾语从句
一、结构：
主句
+连词（引导词）+
宾语从句
二、宾语从句种类
a.
由that引导的宾语从句，that无任何意义，可以省略。
当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句），连词由that引导
Lin
Tao
feels
(that)
his
own
team
is
even
better.
She
says
(that)
she
won’t
take
part
in
the
sports
meeting
next
Sunday.
Jim
thought
(that)
the
train
was
like
a
big
moving
party.
He
said
(that)
he
would
like
to
see
the
headmaster.
注意：
在主句为动词be加某些形容词（如sorry,
sure,
afraid,
glad等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的
从句也可算是宾语从句。
I’m
sorry
(that)
I
don’t
know
.
We’re
sure
(that)
our
team
will
win
.
I’m
afraid
(that)
he
won’t
pass
the
exam.
b.
由if或whether引导的宾语从句，if或whether表示“是否”，不可以省略。
当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether或if引导
I
want
to
know
if
/Whether
you
still
work
in
the
factory.
He
asks
if
/Whether
we
will
go
to
visit
the
museum
next
week.
注意：
一般情况下，if和whether可以互换，但以下3种情况只能用whether：
①在不定式前：Whether
to
go
there
or
not
hasn’t
been
decided.
②在介词前：It
depends
on(依靠)
whether
it
is
going
to
rain.
③与or
not连用：They
are
talking
about
whether
to
go
there
or
not.
c.
由疑问词引导的宾语从句，疑问代词或疑问副词有意义，并在从句中充当一定的句子成分，不可以省略。
当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由连接代词（what,
who,
whom,
which,
whose）或连接副词（when,
where,
how,
why）引导
Do
you
know
when
we
are
going
to
Beijing?
He
wants
to
know
who
lives
in
this
room.
I
wonder
what
he
is
doing
now.
I
am
really
surprised
at
why
he
said
so.
注意：
带how的词组也都可以引导宾语从句。
I
don’t
know
how
far
it
is
to
the
cinema
.
Please
tell
us
how
many
students
there
are
in
your
school
?
Could
you
tell
us
how
much
it
costs
to
fly
to
Hainan
?
三、宾语从句语序
宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分”。
Can
you
tell
me
who(m)
do
we
have
to
see?(╳)
Can
you
tell
me
who(m)
we
have
to
see?(
√)
The
teacher
asked
the
students
what
they
were
doing.(思考:
what在从句中的成分)
注意:
当从句的原句为以下句子以及疑问词做主语(常用：which,
who)作主语时，语序不变：
What’s
wrong?/What’s
the
matter?/What’s
happening?/What’s
the
proble?/What’s
the
trouble?
eg:I
don’t
know
what’s
the
matter./Can
you
tell
me
who
is
over
there?
四、宾语从句时态
1.如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态根据具体情况来确定。
Please
tell
us
where
we’ll
go
fishing
tomorrow.
Do
you
know
when
Mr.
Smith
moved
here?
I
don’t
think
(that)
you
are
right.
2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时，
过去进行
时，
过去将来时，过去完成时）。
He
told
me
that
he
was
born
in
Beijing
in
1992.
(
√)
He
said
that
he
would
go
back
to
the
U.S.
soon.
(
√)
I
thought
(that)
you
are
free
today.
(╳)
I
thought
(that)
you
would
be
free
today.
(
√)
注意：
当宾语从句叙述的是客观真理时，不管主句谓语的时态如何，从句都用一般现在时。
The
teacher
told
us
(that)
the
earth
moves
around
the
sun.
Could
you.......?引导的宾语从句时态不用过去时，根据主句来决定时态。could是委婉语气。
Could
you
tell
me
how
I
can
get
to
the
station?
五、宾语从句和状语从句的区别
I
will
go
out
tomorrow
if
it
is
fine
tomorrow.
→状语从句，表示“条件”，修饰主句，意为：如果。
I
don’t
know
if
the
train
has
arrived.
→宾语从句，充当谓语动词don’t
know的宾语，意为：是否。
判断方法：
1、从整个句式看。
状语从句一般可以放在主句的前面或后面，宾语从句只能放在主句谓语动词之后。
2、从引导词看。
if充当宾语从句的连接词时，相当于whether，词义为“是否”，充当状语从句的连接词时，词
义为“如果”。
when充当宾语从句的连接词时，意为“什么时候”，充当状语从句的连接词时，意为“当……
的时候”。
3．从时态看。
if和when作连接词时，引导宾语从句要注意：从句的谓语动词的时态应根据主句的时态作相应的变化。
if和when充当从属连词时，引导条件和时间状语从句，一般遵从“主将从现”的用法。
They
don’t
know
if
(是否)we
are
going
hiking
next
weekend.(宾语从句)
We’ll
go
to
the
Great
Wall
if
(如果)
it
doesn’t
rain
tomorrow.(状语从句)
=If
doesn’t
rain
tomorrow,
we’ll
go
to
the
Great
Wall.
Could
you
tell
me
when（什么时候）the
train
arrives
?
(宾语从句)
Every
thing
is
coming
to
life
when（当……时候）spring
comes.(状语从句)
六、宾语从句中的从句简化（难点）
在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词＋不定式”结构。如：
Can
you
tell
me
how
I
can
get
to
the
station?
→Can
you
tell
me
how
to
get
to
the
station?
按照要求完成下列题目：
1.考查时态一致性
(
)
1.
The
girls
asked
if
they
____
some
food
and
drink
with
them.
A.
took
B.
take
C.
takes
D.
will
take
(
)
2
.Catherine
said
that
she
___
to
Guangzhou.
A.
has
never
gone
B.
had
never
gone
C.
has
never
been
D.
had
never
been
(
)
3.
The
students
want
to
know
whether
they___
dictation(背诵)
today.
A.
had
B.
has
C.
will
have
D.
have
(
)
4.
She
asked
Linda
if___
go
and
get
some.
A.
could
she
B.
she
could
C.
she
can
D.
she
may
(
)
5.
Linda
said
the
moon___
round
the
earth.
A.
traveled
B.
has
traveled
C.
travels
D.
had
traveled
2.考查连接词
1.He
said,
“You
are
younger
than
I”.（改为含宾语从句的复合句）
He
said_________
I_________
younger
than
him.
2."Will
they
go
to
visit
the
Great
Wall?"
he
asked.（改为含宾语从句的复合句）
He
asked
_________they_________
go
to
visit
the
Great
Wall.
3.He
asked
me,
“Why
are
you
late
for
school?”（改为含宾语从句的复合句）
He
asked
me
_________
_________
was
late
for
school.
3.考查陈述句语序
(
)
1.
Could
you
tell
me
___?
A.
when
will
they
leave
Beijing
B.
when
would
they
leave
Beijing
C.
when
they
will
leave
Beijing
D.
when
they
would
leave
Beijing
(
)
2.Please
tell
me
______
last
year.
A.where
does
your
sister
work
B
where
did
your
sister
work
C
where
your
sister
works
D
where
your
sister
worked
(
)
3.She
asked
me
if
I
knew
______.
A.
whose
pen
is
it
B.
whose
pen
it
was
C.
whose
pen
it
is
D.
whose
pen
was
it
(
)
4.
You
must
remember
________.
A.
what
your
mother
said
B.
what
did
your
mother
say
C.
your
mother
said
what
D.
what
has
your
mother
said
(
)
5.
Did
you
know
____?
A.
who
he
was
looking
after
B.
who
was
he
looking
for
C.
who
he
is
looking
for
D.
who
he
is
looking
after
4.
考查.If/when
的区别
1.
If
it
_______(rain)
tomorrow，I
won’t
come.
2.
He
didn’t
tell
me
if
it
_________(rain)
tomorrow.
3.
I
don’t
know
if
he
__________(come)
tomorrow.
If
he______
(come),
I’ll
tell
you.
4.
When
it
________
(stop)
raining,
we’ll
go
swimming.
5.
Could
you
tell
me
when
the
film
____________(start)?
I’ll
leave
for
a
moment.
状语从句
一、分类
从句类型从属连词时间when，while,
before,
after,
as(当…时），since(自从），as
soon
as，not...until条件if，unless,as
long
as原因because，since
(既然），as
(由于），now
that目的so
that
(为了），in
order
that结果so
...
that…
(如此……以至于）such...that.....,so
that(结果是)让步though,
although,even
though,even
if比较than,
as
...
as
,
not
as/so
...
as
...
二、句法功能：
★时间状语从句（主句将来时从句现在时）
时间状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。连接时间状语从句的连接词有：
when(当……的时候)；while（当……的时候）
as(当……的时候)
；since(自从
……)
till/
until（一直到……；
否定：not…until
直到……才）；by
the
time(到……时)
as
soon
as（一……就）；before(在……前)
after(在……后)
It
was
raining
hard
when
got
to
school
yesterday.
While
he
was
doing
his
homework,
the
telephone
rang.
As
he
walked
along
the
lake,
he
sang
happily.
He
had
learned
a
little
Chinese
before
he
came
to
China.
After
he
finished
middle
school,
he
went
to
work
in
a
factory.
易混引导词while,
when的区别：
when既可以指"时间点",与瞬间动词连用，也可以指"时间段"，与延续性动词连用（=while）。
While表示时间段,因此，while
从句的谓语动词要用延续性动词。
练习：用while或when填空
Please
don't
talk
so
loud
______
others
are
working.
______
he
came
in,
his
mother
was
cooking.
______
we
were
at
school,
we
went
to
the
library
every
day.
在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。
练习：
I’ll
ring
you
up
as
soon
as
I
______（get）
to
New
York.
I
will
tell
him
everything
when
he
______
(come)
back.
He
won’t
believe
it
until
he
______
(see)
it
with
his
own
eyes.
结论:
主将从现的原则
在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“一直到……时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式，其含义是“直到……才……”,
“在……以前不……”,
谓语动词可用瞬间动词。
例如：（注意粗体单词）
The
young
man
read
till
the
light
went
out.
Let’s
wait
until
the
rain
stops.
We
won’t
start
until
Bob
comes.
Don’t
get
off
until
the
bus
stops.
★条件状语从句
（主句用将来时从句用现在时）
1)条件状语从句通常由if,
unless引导。例如：
What
shall
we
do
if
it
snows
tomorrow?
Don’t
leave
the
building
unless
I
tell
you
to.
2)在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。
练习：
1.
I’ll
help
you
with
your
English
if
I
______(be)
free
tomorrow.
2.
He
______(not)
be
late
unless
he
is
ill.
3)“祈使句
+
and
(or)+
陈述句”
在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如：
Hurry
up,
or
（其中文意思是什么）you’ll
be
late.
=If
you
don’t
hurry
up,
you’ll
be
late.
Study
hard
and
you
will
pass
the
exam.
=If
you
study
hard,
you
will
pass
the
exam.
★原因状语从句
1)原因状语从句通常由because,
since（因为）,
as（因为）引导。例如：
He
didn’t
come
to
school
because
he
was
ill.
As
it
is
raining,
we
shall
not
go
the
zoo.
Since
you
can’t
answer
the
question,
I’ll
ask
someone
else.
because表示直接原因，语气最强。Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由why
提出的问题，只能用because。As和since语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。由as和since引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。例如：
------Why
aren’t
going
there?
------Because
I
don’t
want
to.
As
he
has
no
car,
he
can’t
get
there
easily.
Since
we
have
no
money,
we
can’t
buy
it.
3)because和so不能同用在一个句子里。
★结果状语从句
1)结果状语从句由so…that,
such…that,
so
that引导。
练习：
1.
He
is
______
poor
that
he
can’t
buy
a
bike
for
his
son.
A.so
B.
such
C.
much
D
.too
2.
She
is
______good
teacher
that
everybody
likes
her.
A
.such
a
B.
so
a
C.
a
so
D
.a
such
2)so…that语such...that可以互换。例如：
在由so...that引导的结果状语从句中，so是副词，与形容词连用。其结构是:
“...so
+
形容词（副词）+
that
+
从句”。
例如：
He
was
so
glad
that
he
couldn’t
say
a
word.
The
hall
is
so
big
that
it
can
hold
2,000
people.
Mother
lives
so
far
away
that
we
hardly
ever
see
her.
在由such…that引导的结果状语从句中，such是形容词，它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词，
也可以是不可数名词；名词前面可以带形容词，也可不带。如果是单数可数名词，前面需加不定
冠词a或an。例如：
It
was
such
a
hot
day
that
nobody
wanted
to
do
anything.
He
had
such
long
arms
that
he
could
almost
touch
the
ceiling.
He
made
such
rapid
progress
that
he
did
very
well
in
the
mid-term.
有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。
练习：（选出划线部分的近义选项）
(1)It
was
such
a
wonderful
film
that
all
of
us
wanted
to
see
it
again.
A
so
wonderful
a
film
B
so
a
wonderful
film
(2)It
is
such
an
important
match
that
nobody
wants
to
miss
it.
A
so
an
important
match
B
an
so
important
match
C
so
important
a
match
(3)如果名词前由many,
much,
little,
few等词修饰时，只能用so,
不用such。
练习：
1.Soon
there
were
______
many
deer
that
they
ate
up
all
the
wild
roses.
A
so
B
such
C
much
★比较状语从句
比较状语从句通常由as…as,
比较级
+
than…等连词引导。例如：
Tom
runs
faster
than
John
does.
This
classroom
is
as
big
as
that
one.
★目的状语从句
1)目的状语从句通常由
so
that,
in
order
that引导。例如：
We
started
early
so
that
we
could
catch
the
first
train.
He
studies
hard
so
that
he
could
work
better
in
the
future.
We
used
the
computer
in
order
that
we
might
save
time.
2)so
that既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。区别这两种从句的办法有两个：
目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can,
could,
may,
might等。
从意思上看，目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。例如：
Speak
clearly
so
that
they
may
understand
you.
(目的状语从句)
Jack
is
badly
ill
so
that
he
has
to
rest.
(结果状语从句)
★让步状语从句
1)让步状语从句通常由although,
though，even
though，even
if，no
matter，however等连词引导。
1.Though
he
is
young,
he
knows
a
lot.
2.
Although／Though／Even
though／Even
if
you
don’t
like
him
you
can
still
be
polite．
尽管／即使／纵然／即使你不喜欢他，你仍可有礼貌一些。
3.
No
matter
what
you
do(Whatever
your
do)，don’t
touch
this
switch．
无论怎样，都别碰这个按钮。
4.
However
rich
people
are(=No
matter
how
rich
people
are
)，they
always
seem
anxious
to
make
more
money．
无论人们多么富有，他们似乎总还渴望赚到更多的钱。
5.
However
carefully
you
drive，you
will
probably
have
an
accident
eventually．
无论你开车多小心，最后你大概还会出车祸。
6.
Whatever
you
do，don’t
tell
him
that
I
told
you
this．
无论如何，别跟他说这件事是我告诉你的。
2)although(though)和but不能用在同一个句子中。例如：
我们不能说：Though
it
was
raining
hard,
but
he
still
went
out.
应该说：Though
it
was
raining
hard,
he
still
went
out.
或
It
was
raining
hard,
but
he
still
went
out.
★地点状语从句
地点状语从句常常由where来引导。例如：
Go
where
you
like./Where
there
is
a
will,
there
is
a
way.
2018-2020二模卷分类汇编
宾语从句汇编
I.Choose
the
best
answer.选择填空。
1.
These
animals
are
in
danger.
We
should
think
________
to
protect
them.
A.
what
can
we
do
B.
what
we
can
do
C.
how
can
we
do
D.
how
we
can
do
2.
Could
you
tell
me______?
A.
where
is
the
headmaster
B.
whose
camera
it
is
C.
what
Jack
was
happened
D.
how
long
does
it
take
you
to
the
aquarium
3.
I
don’t
know
______
Apple
iphone4s.
A.
that
she
is
so
crazy
about
B.
what
is
she
so
crazy
about学科王
C.
why
she
is
so
crazy
about
D.
how
she
is
so
crazy
about科王
4.
I
wonder________
on
April
23,
World
Book
Day.
Did
you
find
some
interesting
books
to
read?
A.
what
did
you
do
B.
what
you
did
C.
what
do
you
do
D.
what
you
do学科
5.-
What
did
the
teacher
say
to
you
just
now?
-
She
asked
______.
A.
where
did
I
learn
English
B.
where
I
learned
English
B.
where
do
I
learn
English
D.
where
I
learn
English
6.
—Can
you
guess
______
the
new
schoolbag
yesterday?
—Sorry,
I’ve
no
idea.
A.
how
much
did
he
pay
for
B.
how
much
he
spent
C.
how
much
he
paid
for
D.
how
much
did
he
spend
7.
—Mary,
could
you
tell
me
if
your
mother
________
our
school
sports
meeting
tomorrow?
—I
think
she
will
come
to
school
if
she
_________
free.
A.
will
take
part
in;
will
be
B.
takes
part
in;
is
C.
will
take
part
in;
is
D.
takes
part
in;
will
be
8.
The
policeman
asked
the
small
girl
__________
A.
why
she
was
crying
B.
why
was
she
crying
C.
why
she
is
crying
D.
why
is
she
crying
9.
Could
you
tell
me
______
after
this
exam
?
A.
what
you
did
B.
what
did
you
do
C.
what
will
you
do
D.
what
you
will
do
10.
He
said
that
light
______much
faster
than
sound.
A.
has
travelled
B.
went
C.
travels
D.travelled
11.
Could
you
tell
me
________
find
another
interesting
detective
story
to
read?
A)
where
I
can
B)
where
can
I
C)
where
I
could
D)
where
could
I
12.
Could
you
tell
me
________
late
for
the
meeting
yesterday?
A.
why
were
you
B.
why
you
were
C.
why
are
you
D.
why
you
are
13.
Mr.
King
doesn't
know
what
time
________
back
home
yesterday
evening.
A.
does
his
son
come
B.
his
son
comes
C.
did
his
son
come
D.
his
son
came
14.
A:
Show
me
the
map,
please.
I
wonder
________.
B:
Look,
it’s
here,
in
the
east
of
China,
near
Taiwan
Province.
A.where
is
Diaoyu
Island
B.
where
is
Diaoyu
Island
located
C.
where
does
Diaoyu
Island
lie
D.where
Diaoyu
Island
is
located
15.
I
don't
know________
the
day
after
tomorrow．
A.
when
does
he
come
B.
how
will
he
come
C.
if
he
comes
D.
whether
he'll
come
II.
Rewrite
the
following
sentences
as
required.
1.
He
asked:
“
How
can
I
get
to
the
Bund?”
(改为间接引语)
He
asked___________
he
__________
get
to
the
Bund.
2.
Mrs.
Lin
asked
me
“Have
you
finished
drawing
the
picture?”
(合并为一句)
Mrs.
Lin
asked
me
________
I
________
finished
drawing
the
picture.
3.
When
will
we
take
an
English
exam?
We
wanted
to
know.
(改为宾语从句)
We
wanted
to
know
we
take
an
English
exam.
4.
“Can
you
help
me
repair
the
bike?”
Mary
asked
Jack.
(改为宾语从句)
Mary
asked
Jack
_____________he
_____________
help
her
repair
the
bike.
5.“Do
you
always
catch
such
an
early
train?”
The
policeman
asked
the
man.（合并为一句）
The
policeman
asked
the
man
________
he
always
________
such
an
early
train.
6.
Frank
asked
me,
"Have
you
ever
created
a
comic
strip?"
(改为宾语从句)
Frank
asked
me
whether
________
________
ever
created
a
comic
strip.
7.
“Mum,
was
the
telephone
invented
by
Bell?”
the
girl
asked.
(改为宾语从句)
The
girl
asked
her
mum
________
the
telephone
________
invented
by
Bell.
8.
I
wondered.
Will
Jack
recognize
me
after
such
a
long
time?
(合并两句)
I
wondered
________
Jack
________
recognize
me
after
such
a
long
time.
9.
When
are
we
going
to
visit
the
museum?
Do
you
know?
(改为宾语从句)
Do
you
know
when
_______
_______
going
to
visit
the
museum?
10.
“What
are
you
doing?”
My
teacher
asked
us
.（合并为一句）
My
teacher
asked
us
what
________
________doing.
We
haven't
decided
where
will
hold
the
meeting.（改为简单句）
We
haven't
decided
________
________
hold
the
meeting.
Diana
is
thinking
about
what
she
can
do
to
solve
the
serious
problem.（改为简单句）
Diana
is
thinking
about
________
________
do
to
solve
the
serious
problem.
When
will
they
come
back?
The
readers
always
asked.
(改为宾语从句）
The
readers
always
asked
_______
they________
come
back.
“What
kind
of
stories
have
you
read
these
years?”
Bob
asked
me.（改为宾语从句）
Bob
asked
me
_________
kind
of
stories
I
_________
read
these
years.
“How
did
the
ancient
people
build
that
stone
bridge?”
asks
Tom.
（改为间接引语）
Tom
wants
to
know
_________
the
ancient
people
_________
that
stone
bridge.
"Roddy,
do
you
enjoy
working
as
an
extra?"
asked
the
journalist,（改为间接引语）
The
journalist
asked
Roddy_________
_________enjoyed
working
as
an
extra.
Did
Bob
catch
the
plane
last
weekend?
Could
you
tell
me?（改为含宾语从句的主从复合句）
Could
you
tell
me_______Bob
_______the
plane
last
weekend?
‘How
have
they
managed
to
get
everything
finished
so
quickly?’
Mike
wondered.（改为宾语从句）
Mike
wondered
_________
they
_________
managed
to
get
everything
finished
so
quickly.
“What
will
we
have
for
dinner?”
Nina
asked
her
mother.（改为间接引语）
Nina
asked
her
mother
_________
they
_________
have
for
dinner.
John
asked
his
teacher
Sandy,
“What
do
you
think
of
our
suggestions
to
the
school?（改为宾语从句）
John
asked
his
teacher
Sandy
__________
she
__________
of
their
suggestions
to
the
school.
状语从句汇编
单项选择
1.Fresh
water
is
______
precious
______
it
is
sometimes
called
liquid
gold.
A.
such…that
B.
too…to
C.
as…as
D.
so…that
2.
Peter
knew
the
solution
to
the
maths
problem,
_____
he
was
too
shy
to
answer
it.
A.
and
B.
or
C.
but
D.
so
3.Please
practice
playing
the
violin
regularly,
______
you
will
improve
your
skills.
A.
and
B.
or
C.
but
D.
so
4.
Do
you
still
want
to
go
camping
in
such
cold
weather
____
have
you
changed
your
mind?
A.
and
B.
or
C.
but
D.
so
5.Jerry
lost
his
way
in
the
field,
________
the
ground
was
covered
with
thick
snow.
A.
or
B.
for
C.
but
D.
so
6.
_______
most
of
the
earth’s
surface
is
covered
with
water,
fresh
water
is
very
rare
and
precious.
A.
Since
B.
While
C.
Because
D.
Although
7.
We
will
achieve
good
marks
_____
we
keep
working
hard.
A.even
if
B.
so
that
C.
as
long
as
D.
instead
of
8.
Jimmy
set
out
early
for
the
airport,
______
he
wouldn’t
catch
the
plane.
A.
and
B.
then
C.
so
D.
or
9.
I’m
going
to
buy
my
mum
a
blouse
______
I
can
think
of
a
better
idea
for
a
present.
A.
because
B.
after
C.
until
D.
unless
10.
Mom
hated
the
latest
action
movie,
______dad
thought
it
was
a
good
one.
A.
so
B.
and
C.
or
D.
but
11.
The
Trojan
War
continued
for
several
hours
_____
darkness
came.
A.
as
soon
as
B.
if
C.
since
D.
until
12.
My
mother
has
little
interest
in
football
________
she
didn’t
watch
the
live
match
on
TV
yesterday
evening.
A.
so
B.
if
C.
though
D.
when
13.
You’ll
not
make
any
progress________you
get
rid
of
your
bad
habit
of
study.
A.
because
B.
after
C.if
D.
unless
14.
The
British
swimmer
received
a
lot
of
cheers
from
the
audience
_____
he
lost
the
race.
A.
as
soon
as
B.
though
C.
until
D.before
15.Betty
didn’t
notice
the
mistake
she
made
at
all
_______she
read
the
article
again
carefully.
A.
after
B.
when
C.
as
soon
as
D.
until
16.
At
school,
we
are
taught______
knowledge_______
how
to
behave
well.
neither;
nor
B)either;
or
C)not
only;
but
also
D)not;
but
17.Work
really
hard,
______you
can
realize
your
dream
of
becoming
a
pilot.
A.
but
B.
so
C.
or
D.
and
18.The
Italian
woman
didn’t
feel
a
culture
shock________it
was
her
first
time
to
Shanghai.
A)
though
B)
since
C)if
D)when?
19.Your
mother
will
be
happier________you
can
help
with
the
housework
when
you
have
time.
A.
if
B.
until
C.
where
D.
unless
20.
I
don't
feel
lonely_______I
make
an
effort
to
make
friends
with
people.
A.
while
B.
because
C.
before
D.
unless
句型转换
We’d
better
set
out
early
so
that
we
won’t
hurry
on
the
way.（保持句意基本不变）
We’d
better
set
our
early
_________
_________
not
to
hurry
on
the
way.
Be
strict
with
yourself
or
you
will
fall
behind.（保持句意基本不变）
You
will
fall
behind
________
you
________
strict
with
yourself.
Protecting
ourselves
is
important.
So
is
protecting
the
medical
workers.
(保持句意不变）
Protecting
the
medical
workers
is
just
______
important
______
protecting
ourselves.
The
girl
felt
so
lucky
that
she
could
get
a
chance
to
interview
the
scientist.（改为简单句）
The
girl
felt
_________
_________
to
get
a
change
to
interview
the
scientist.
Alex
was
proud
of
his
father.
He
wrote
many
articles
about
him.
（合并成一句）
Alex
was
_________
proud
of
his
father
_________
he
wrote
many
articles
about
him.
The
night
was
cold.
We
had
to
put
a
camping
blanket
around
us.（保持句意基本不变）
The
night
was
_________cold
_________we
had
to
put
a
camping
blanket
around
us.
Lucy
was
very
angry.
She
didn’t
know
what
to
say.
(两句合并为一句)
Lucy
was_________
angry________
she
didn't
know
what
to
say.
We
don
t
allow
fireworks
here
in
order
to
prevent
air
pollution
and
fires.（保持句意基本不变）
We
don't
allow
fireworks
here_______
_______we
can
prevent
air
pollution
and
fires.
You
cannot
watch
TV
tonight
unless
you
have
done
your
homework.
(保持句意基本不变)
You
cannot
watch
TV
tonight
_________
you
_________
done
your
homework.
Jack
ran
so
fast
that
he
caught
the
early
train
to
the
city.
(保持句意基本不变)
Jack
ran
_____
_____
to
catch
the
early
train
to
the
city
I
don’t
think
Peter
looks
as
healthy
as
his
brother.
（保持句意基本不变）
I
think
Peter’s
brother
looks
_______
_______
Peter.
The
superstar
is
very
kind.
He
helps
poor
villages
to
set
up
schools.
(保持句意基本不变)
The
superstar
is
______
kind
______
he
helps
poor
villages
to
set
up
schools.
The
waiter
stopped
explaining
the
menu
after
all
of
us
understood
it.
(保持句意基本不变)
The
waiter
stop
explaining
the
menu
all
of
us
understood
it.
Jane
cleaned
out
her
house.
She
could
have
a
party
inside.（合并为一句）
Jane
cleaned
out
her
house
________
________
she
could
have
a
party
inside.
He
went
to
the
summer
camp
in
order
to
improve
his
language.
(保持句意不变)
He
went
to
the
summer
camp
__________
__________
he
could
improve
his
language.
翻转总结
“主过从过”是什么意思？
so...that..和so
that的区别是什么？它们的同义转换有哪些？
巩固提升
2020青浦二模
B.
Choose
the
best
answer
and
complete
the
passage
（选择最恰当的选项完成短文）
Studies
prove
that
there
are
many
differences
between
people
who
own
kittens
and
those
who
own
puppies.
1.
Cat
lovers
are
not
afraid
to
be
alone.
Wonder
why
so
many
__75__
girls
own
cats?
Cat
people
love
to
spend
time
and
live
alone.
They
prefer
to
stay
at
home
rather
than
party
all
night
long.
Dog
lovers,
__76__,
enjoy
the
company
and
they
have
trouble
living
alone.
2.
Dog
lovers
seek
companionship（伙伴关系）
Many
people
adopt
or
buy
dogs.
One
of
the
__77__
is
that
they
look
for
long-term
companionship.
Dogs
love
the
company
and
tend
to
spend
more
time
with
people
than
just
sleep
the
whole
day
on
the
couch.
Dog
owners
are
the
same.
My
friend,
who
is
a
big
dog
lover,
says,
“The
best
thing
about
owning
a
dog
is
companionship:
When
I
come
home,
my
puppy
comes
to
__78__
me
as
if
he
has
not
seen
me
for
ages.”
3.
Cat
lovers
tend
to
ignore
rules
Dogs
are
more
obedient
than
cats.
While
it
is
extremely
hard
to
make
a
cat
to
walk
with
you
in
the
park
or
teach
them
to
sit
or
lie
down
when
needed,
dogs
do
those
things
easily.
The
same
goes
for
dog
lovers
-
they
__79__
the
rules
and
obey
when
needed.
Cat
people
often
ignore
the
rules
they
do
not
like.
4.
Cat
lovers
are
more
__80__
Cats
lovers
do
not
bother
about
a
single
life.
They
have
enough
strength
to
survive
the
hard
times
all
alone
and
deal
with
any
problem
without
any
help.
Without
someone
else’s
help.
Dog
people
have
trouble
solving
their
problems.
75.
A.
lovely
B.
likely
C.
lonely
D.
friendly
76.
A.
indeed
B.
instead
C.
in
fact
D.
for
example
77.
A.
reasons
B.
secrets
C.
results
D.
choices
78.
A.
notice
B.
catch
C.
greet
D.
cheer
79.
A.
follow
B.
explain
C.
protect
D.
break
80.
A.
responsible
B.
powerful
C.
confident
D.
independent
C.
Fill
in
the
blanks
with
proper
words
（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）
A
Welcoming
Way
to
Show
China
to
the
World
Modern
life
is
not
easy
and
full
of
stress.
It
will
be
nicer
to
get
away
from
all
the
noise
and
congestion（拥挤）and
live
a
simpler
life
in
the
countryside.
This
is
what
popular
vlogger（网络视频录制者）Li
Ziqi
did.
Li
was
raised
on
a
farm
by
her
grandparents,
but
at
the
age
of
14
she
left
the
farm
to
work
in
the
city.
However,
she
found
that
city
life
was
d__81__
and
decided
to
move
back
to
the
countryside.
“When
I
worked
in
the
city,
it
was
only
about
survival,”
she
said,
“In
the
countryside,
I
am
t___82__
living.”
When
Li
was
back,
she
began
making
videos
about
her
daily
life
and
posting
them
to
the
Internet.
She
now
has
more
than
20
million
followers
on
Sina
Weibo
and
over
7.5
million
subscribers
on
YouTube.
Her
fans
admire
the
way
she
makes
e__83__
by
herself:
growing
food
and
preparing
traditional
Chinese
dishes,
cutting
down
bamboo
and
making
furniture,
dyeing（染色）cloth
and
making
her
own
clothes.
The
videos
are
beautifully
made,
but
Li
says
she
hopes
her
videos
an
provide
people
with
e__84__
as
well
as
fun.
“I
want
people
in
the
city
to
know
where
their
food
comes
from.
Some
children
b__85__
rice
grows
on
trees!”
The
idyllic（田园诗般的）countryside
life
Li
shows
has
the
magical
power
of
making
people
feel
comfortable
and
relaxed.
When
we
talk
about
Chinese
culture,
the
first
things
that
come
to
many
people
might
be
bullet
trains.
5G
technology
and
fast-developing
cities.
However,
it
is
actually
the
more
traditional
side
of
China
that
is
much
more
a__86__
to
people
from
other
cultures.
Through
her
videos.
Li
lets
the
world
know
that
Chinese
people
are
good
at
making
works
of
a__87__
out
of
even
the
simplest
materials
--
this
is
definitely
a
way
to
show
China
to
the
world.
