英语学科讲义
知识梳理：
完型填空专项训练
考查能力：
逻辑推理能力：
完形填空对篇章逻辑推理能力的考查主要表现在考生能否根据句中，句间甚至是整篇文章的逻辑关系，比如因果、转折、并列等关系，选出正确选项。主要包括以下几个方面：
句中逻辑推理能力
句间逻辑推理能力
篇章逻辑推理能力
篇章原词重现
词汇辨析能力：
词汇辨析能力的考查主要集中在名词，动词，形容词和副词上，选项往往以同义词，近义词，反义词或拼写相近容易混淆词的形式出现。其中，由于篇章中会带有作者主观的意识，因此在形容词或者副词的考查上会出现感彩的辨析。主要包括以下几个方面：
同、近义或者反义辨析
词的感彩
语法知识掌握能力：
语法知识的考查主要体现在某些常见的语法结构和固定句式当中。主要包括以下几个方面：
语法知识运用能力
固定短语搭配和句式
背景文化知识掌握能力：
在完形填空中有时渗着相关的文化背景和生活常识等方面的知识。在做题时，要积极调动自己的跨文化背景和生活常识，巧妙地运用，特别是注意中西文化的差异。
背景文化知识掌握能力
解题技巧：
1)
通读全文，仔细阅读文章，把握语篇大意，顾及文章的整体性和合理性。
2）选项相仿时，切勿主观臆断，联系上下文，选择最佳答案。
3）检查是否逻辑合理，语法无误。
典题分析：
1.
联系上下文，结合语境，定位正确选项。
联系上下文，选择或填写正确的词是完型填空解题最常用的方法之一。在做完型填空时，有些选项的答案从语法角度来讲可以说得通，遇到这种情况，我们应该细读上下文，正确答案会在上下文中得到提示。
【经典例题1】
What
do
I
remember
about
my
childhood?
There
were
good
things
and
bad
things.
We
used
to
live
_________,
and
my
parents
always
got
up
early
in
the
morning
to
feed
the
cows
and
sheep.
A.
in
a
town
B.
on
a
farm
C.
on
a
busy
street
D.
in
a
city
【经典例题2】
I
dashed
to
the
front
door
and
banged(大声敲)
on
it
loudly.
“Who’s
there?”
I
heard.
“It’s
Billy!
Let
me
in!”
The
voice
behind
the
_________
answered,
“
Billy
doesn’t
live
here
anymore,
he
ran
away
from
home.”
A
.house
B.
tree
C.
door
D.
yard
2.
根据词汇的辨析和词组的搭配来解题
在选项中设置四个词性一致、意义相近的词是完型填空命题时常用的手段之一。在做此类题目时，必须要在特定的语境中选择最佳、或者也可以推敲一些固定的词组搭配来进行选项。在做首字母填空时，尤其应注意空格所缺单词的词性及固定搭配。
【经典例题1】
On
the
train,
Tom
was
looking
_____1____
for
his
ticket
because
the
conductor
was
coming
_____2_____
to
his
ticket.
1)
A.
out
B.
forward
C.
anywhere
D.
everywhere
2)
A.
down
B.
up
C.
in
D.
on
【经典例题2】
A
Japanese
manager
once
said
he
himself
and
his
workers
would
all
stand
while
they
were
having
meetings.
Do
you
__________
what
he
means?
A.
think
B.
guess
C.
know
D.
understand
【经典例题3】
“Isn’t
it
a
nice
day?”
“Do
you
_____1_____
it
will
rain?”
“I
think
it’s
going
to
rain.”
These
are
the
common
ways
of
_____2_____
conversation.
1）
A.
think
B.
see
C.
say
D.
feel
2)
A.
start
B.
begin
C.
talking
D.
starting
【经典例题4】
“You
shouldn’t
what
people
say
about
what
you
look
like
because
we’re
not
different
from
anyone
else,
Holly,”
A.
write
down
B.
agree
with
C.
pass
on
D.
listen
to
3.
利用逻辑关系解题
利用逻辑关系是完型填空命题设计过程中用得较多的方法之一。解这类题目时需要我们多注意周围生活常识、行文的脉络及句子之间的转承关系。
【经典例题1】
The
English
language
has
now
become
an
international
language
because
it
is
widely
used
in
most
counties
in
the
world.
_________
you
want
to
do
business
with
foreigners,
you
have
to
learn
English,
for
most
of
them
speak
and
write
English.
A.
As
B.
If
C.
So
D.
Since
【经典例题2】
A
pair
of
gloves
may
be
a
_________
thing,
but
it
can
make
a
big
difference
in
winter.
A.
small
B.
useful
C.
helpful
D.
cheap
【经典例题3】
Here,
my
mother
_________
in
her
bedroom
window
and
wrote
in
her
diary.
A.
lay
B.
play
C.
stood
D.
sat
【经典例题4】
Lisa
was
one
of
the
mobile(流动的)
children,
_____1_____
from
house
to
house
in
childhood.
She
longs
for
a
sense
of
_____2_____
,
and
so
we
have
come
to
Nova
Scotia
where
my
husband
and
I
were
born
and
where
our
ancestors
41
for
200
years.
A.
passed
B.
raised
C.
moved
D.
sent
A.
home
B.
duty
C.
reality
D.
relief
4.
利用语法和句型解题
这类题目主要考查学生在一定语境中运用语法知识和识别句型的能力。由于学生对这类选项把握较大，因此这类题型的数量越来越少。
【经典例题1】
Karl
Landsteiner
first
thought
of
naming
blood
types
in
1900.
He
________
four
types.
A.
make
blood
into
B.
put
blood
into
C.
keep
blood
into
D.
store
blood
as
【经典例题2】
The
earth
is
our
home.
We
must
take
care
of
it.
Life
today
is
easier
than
it
was
___________
years
ago,
but
it
has
brought
some
new
problems.
A.
hundred
B.
hundreds
of
C.
hundred
of
D.
hundreds
【经典例题3】
___________
it
was
getting
dark,
she
saw
a
small,
dark
wooden
house.
A.
When
B.
Until
C.
If
D.
Because
【经典例题4】
You
can’t
blame
others
___________
you
start
with
yourself.
A.
although
B.
if
C.
when
D.
unless
强化练习：
(基础篇)
B.
Choose
the
best
answer
and
complete
the
passage
(选择最恰当的选项完成短文)
(12分)
My
husband
Bill,
was
diagnosed
with
cancer(癌症).
Over
the
course
of
seven
months,
he
went
from
beating
me
silly
at
tennis
to
needing
my
help
to
go
to
the
bathroom.
It
was
the
best
seven
months
of
my
life.
Maybe
I
don’t
75
mean
that,
but
it
was
certainly
the
time
when
I
felt
most
alive.
I
had
become
a
respected
professor,
and
a
responsible
wife.
During
those
seven
months,
I
came
to
understand
that
nothing
would
76
more
than
what
I
had
done
to
my
husband.
When
I
couldn’t
sleep
at
night,
I
prayed(祈祷)
to
God.
Then
I
began
praying
it
daily
even
if
I
had
no
difficulty
sleeping,
which
77
my
breathing
and
calmed
my
mind.
During
his
last
week,
a
relative
visited.
I
noticed
that
she’d
changed
her
appearance,
but
in
a
funny
way.
It
was
the
kind
of
78
I
kept
to
myself.
After
she
left,
Bill
voiced
exactly
what
I’d
been
thinking,
in
that
truthful
way
he
had,
and
I
found
myself
laughing
out
in
my
heart.
I
could
live
with
this
man,
even
needing
as
much
care
as
he
does,
for
the
next
40
years,
I
thought.
79
,
he
would
be
dead
very
soon.
I
will
never
again
have
that
high
a
purpose
in
my
life.
I
will
try
to
be
a
little
less
unhappy,
and
a
little
more
80
for
the
small
moments
in
life.
I
am
a
better
person
for
caring
for
Bill.
It
was
his
last,
best
gift
to
me.
75.
A)
completely
B)
hardly
C)
actually
D)
carefully
76.
A)
care
B)
matter
C)
change
D)
cost
77.
A)
slowed
B)
increased
C)
held
D)
took
78.
A)
jokes
B)
friends
C)
work
D)
thought
79.
A)
Luckily
B)
However
C)
Instead
D)
Finally
80.
A)
sorry
B)
excited
C)
thankful
D)
worried
(2)
Most
films
set
in
space
are
usually
horror
films
and
include
aliens
in
their
story.
Gravity(地心引力)
is
different
and
focuses
on
the
human
drama
75
.
The
film’s
special
effects
are
so
amazing
that
it
is
easy
to
believe
that
Gravity
really
was
filmed
in
space.
It
took
more
than
three
years
for
a
British
team
to
create
all
of
these
effects.
We
first
meet
the
76
outside
of
their
spaceship
on
a
spacewalk.
Dr
Stone,
a
strong-minded
mother
whose
daughter
died
in
an
accident,
is
on
her
first
journey
into
space
and
is
joined
by
Matt
Kowalski,
an
experienced
astronaut.
Kowalski
makes
jokes
and
tells
stories
about
his
life
to
help
Dr
Stone
feel
less
nervous
about
being
in
space.
The
astronauts
are
soon
77
that
pieces
of
a
damaged
satellite
are
flying
in
their
direction.
Their
spaceship
is
soon
hit
and
destroyed.
Dr
Stone
is
knocked
into
space.
It
seems
that
she
will
die
there.
The
fast
moving
camera
work
and
losing
78
with
the
Earth
makes
everything
even
scarier(恐怖的).
79
,
Kowalski
saves
Dr
Stone
and
they
decide
to
go
to
the
nearby
International
Space
Station
and
see
if
their
escape
vehicle
can
be
used
to
return
to
the
Earth.
On
the
journey,
they
have
trouble
and
are
about
to
lose
their
lives
in
space
together.
Kowalski
allows
himself
to
float
away
to
save
Dr
Stone.
From
here
Dr
Stone
is
alone
and
the
film
explores
whether
she
is
strong
enough
to
stay
alive,
or
want
to.
Gravity
is
a
powerful
film
about
a
woman’s
journey
in
a(n)
80
place.
You
will
find
it
worth
watching
because
it
is
not
only
interesting
but
also
moving.
75.
A)
still
B)
yet
C)
instead
D)
perhaps
76.
A)
characters
B)
directors
C)
actors
D)
fans
77.
A)
agreed
B)
warned
C)
shown
D)
telephoned
78.
A)
energy
B)
patience
C)
sight
D)
contact
79.
A)
Finally
B)
Recently
C)
Luckily
D)
Immediately
80.
A)
dark
B)
lonely
C)
horrible
D)
empty
(3)
It
happened
one
spring
morning.
I
woke
up
and
went
downstairs.
My
mum
asked
me
if
I
wanted
some
orange
juice.
“Yes,
thanks,”
I
replied,
but
my
voice
had
changed!
It
sounded
very
deep.
I
was
quite
75
,
and
so
was
the
dog!
But
my
mum
just
smiled
and
said,
“Oh,
that’s
just
your
voice
breaking.”
Breaking?
That
did
not
sound
good!
So
at
school
that
day,
I
asked
my
biology
teacher
what
was
happening.
“Don’t
worry.
It’s
76
common!”
she
said.
“Sound
is
made
by
the
mouth
as
the
air
is
77
out
through
the
voice
box,
which
is
in
the
neck.
As
you
grow
older,
the
voice
box
grows
larger
and
thicker.
When
you
are
a
teenager,
there
can
be
a
78
.”
“But
my
sister
is
older
than
me,
and
her
voice
is
still
the
same,”
I
said,
a
little
79
.
“The
change
is
bigger
in
boys,
so
you
notice
it
more.
Girls’
voices
only
change
a
little,
so
it
is
hard
to
tell
the
80
.”
Now
I
like
my
new
voice.
But
the
dog
still
is
not
sure!
A)
excited
B)
embarrassed
C)
surprised
D)
satisfied
A)
especially
B)
probably
C)
hardly
D)
completely
A)
pushed
B)
turned
C)
taken
D)
picked
A)
common
mistake
B)
sudden
change
C)
similar
experience
D)
slow
process
A)
angry
B)
confused
C)
calm
D)
frightened
A)
truth
B)
reason
C)
secret
D)
difference
(4)
The
Thanksgiving
turkey
is
the
cause
of
stress
for
me.
I
have
75
it
as
an
enemy
on
Thanksgiving.
Over
the
years
I
had
tried
just
every
method
of
cooking
the
turkey.
When
I
just
got
married
I
tried
the
traditional
pan
roasting
method.
But
I
forgot
to
buy
my
turkey
76
the
day
before
Thanksgiving.
And
I
bought
a
big
one
because
I
wanted
to
be
sure
to
have
enough
turkey
for
everyone.
Unfortunately,
it
wasn’t
thawed
(解冻)
by
the
time
I
needed
to
cook
it.
I
ended
up
with
a
dry
turkey
overcooked
on
the
outside
and
rarely
done
77
.
And
I
had
lots
and
lots
of
leftover
turkey
because
nobody
liked
it.
The
following
year
I
was
busy
with
a
baby.
So
again
I
forgot
to
buy
my
turkey
in
time
to
get
it
78
thawed.
I
had
to
be
up
most
of
the
night
before
Thanksgiving
running
cold
water
over
my
turkey
to
get
it
thawed.
The
turkey
ended
up
turning
out
okey
but
I
was
so
tired
and
sleepy
by
the
time
I
served
dinner.
The
next
year
I
got
a
method
of
cooking
turkey
from
local
radio
in
early
November.
I
was
79
to
give
it
a
try.
Making
that
turkey
was
like
taking
care
of
a
baby
for
nearly
two
days.
I
was
so
pleased
with
that
turkey.
I
thought
it
was
going
to
be
the
best
tasting
turkey
ever
since
it
was
the
most
80
I
ever
put
in
making
turkey.
But
that
didn’t
happen.
Nobody
liked
the
flavour
of
the
turkey.
I
decided
not
to
make
one
this
year.
But
my
family
thought
it
wasn't
Thanksgiving
without
turkey.
The
Thanksgiving
turkey
has
been
a
yearly
joke
at
our
house
and
when
I
don’t
make
one
there
is
nothing
to
complain
about.
75.
A)
visited
B)
considered
C)
heard
D)
told
76.
A)
before
B)
after
C)
until
D)
since
77.
A)
on
the
surface
B)
on
the
top
C)
at
the
bottom
D)
in
the
middle
78.
A)
completely
B)
carefully
C)
easily
D)
slowly
79.
A)
afraid
B)
responsible
C)
surprised
D)
ready
80.
A)
money
B)
work
C)
power
D)
water
小结：
完型填空答题原则：
1．首句重读原则
“首句重读”指首句需重点阅读。首句很多情况是Topic
sentence
(主题句)，会透露文章背景和主旨。首句一般不设空，若设空，则需重点读后面的例子，例子里面会提供线索。现在很多考题都是用后面的例子印证首句。
例子关联原则
例子联合起来都是去证明本文中心的，但例子与例子间有时会有正反对比关系或者平行并列关系。
最佳适用原则
场景匹配原则
5.
平行并列原则
完形填空文章很多时候是围绕一个话题展开，每个段落有的时候发展模式都是差不多的，前面提到如果首句设空，除了关注到后面的例子，还可以关注下一段首句或者再下下段首句。类似的如果某段末句设空也可以关注下面一段的末句。
课后作业：
(提高篇)
2020杨浦一模
Choose
the
best
answer
and
complete
the
passage
（选择最恰当的选项完成短文）
Have
you
ever
tried
playing
the
kind
of
video
games
that
your
parents
played?
The
Museum
of
Science
in
Manchester,
in
the
UK,
has
held
an
exhibition
for
the
last
few
years,
which
invites
visitors
to
do
___50___
that.
It
offers
them
the
chance
to
play
games
from
the
last
40
years,
in
various
sessions
throughout
the
day.
These
video
game
sessions
have
now
become
one
of
the
main
attractions
of
the
museum.
They
are
full
of
people
every
day,
playing
a
wide
range
of
games.
However,
visitors
often
choose
the
ones
they’re
___51___.
For
parents,
for
example,
these
are
usually
the
games
they
used
to
play
in
their
childhood.
There’s
also
a(n)___52___
purpose
to
the
games.
For
instance,
some
old
types
of
computer,
dating
back
40
years,
are
also
available
in
the
sessions.
They
were
originally
used
in
classrooms
to
teach
pupils
to
write
their
won
computer
programs.
And
at
the
time,
it
helped
lots
of
young
people
to
do
that.
Now,
the
museum
is
holding
workshops
that
encourage
children
to
learn
similar
skills
--
and
they’re
still
very
popular.
The
exhibition
also
shows
how
much___53___technology
has
made
over
the
last
40
years.
Parents
can
often
remember
playing
very
simple
games.
But
the
games
that
are
played
today
are
more
complex.
They
have
better
story-lines
and
animation,
too.
And
the
players
also
have
to
use
much
more
complicated
techniques.
____54____,
one
serious
side
of
the
exhibition
is
that
organisers
also
want
to
show
that
video
gaming
is
an
important
industry,
employing
many
skilled
people.
So
they
hope
the
exhibition
will
___55___
this
message.
That
way,
people
who
enjoy
gaming
will
also
understand
all
the
hard
work,
talent,
imagination
that
goes
into
creating
these
amazing
games.
50.
A.
especially
B.
exactly
C.
directly
D.
mainly
51.
A.
ready
for
B.
poor
at
C.
connected
to
D.
familiar
with
52.
A.
dramatic
B.
official
C.
historical
D.
educational
53.
A.
response
B.
progress
C.
knowledge
D.
impression
54.
A.
However
B.
Therefore
C.
In
fact
D.
In
conclusion
55.
A.
link
B.
check
C.
share
D.
record
2020嘉定一模
B.
Choose
the
best
answer
and
complete
the
passage
（选择最恰当的选项完成短文）
Books
have
magical
power.
They
contain
knowledge
and
knowledge
makes
our
human
become
wiser
and
stronger.
Between
their
pages,
readers
can
be
transported
to
anywhere
imaginable
and
become
just
about
anyone
...
or
anytime.
______50______
,
many
children
all
over
the
world
don’t
have
access
to
books.
For
several
years
now,
Maria
Keller,
a
teenager
from
Minneapolis,
Minnesota,
has
been
trying
to
change
that
fact.
When
she
was
8
years
old,
Maria
already
loved
reading.
She
also
noticed
that
some
of
her
classmates
didn’t
read
as
much
as
she
did.
When
she
asked
her
mother
why
that
was,
her
mother
said
that
they
might
not
be
able
to
___51___books.
Maria
had
never
thought
of
this.
She
couldn’t
believe
that
some
children
didn’t
have
bedtime
stories
read
to
them,
and
she
became___52___to
change
this.
With
her
mother’s
help.
Maria
created
a
non-profit
organization
which
is
dedicated（致力于）to
collecting
and
distributing
books
to
children___53___
During
the
early
stages
of
Read
Indeed,
Maria
set
the
goal
of
collecting
and
distributing
I
million
books
by
the
time
she
was
18.
It
didn’t
take
long
to
reach
that
goal.
Up
till
now,
she
has
collected
over
2.4
million
books
and
has
shipped
them
to
many
states
and
countries
around
the
world.
She
said,
“I
cannot
live
without
books.
As
I
continue
my
mission（使命）.
I
have
learned
that
the
number
of
kids
who
have
no
books
is
in
the
hundreds
of
millions.
So
I
just
can’t___54___.
even
after
reaching
my
original
goal
of
1
million
books.”
She
recently
set
a
new
goal:to
distribute
donations
to
kids
in
need
in
every
state
in
the
US,
and
every
country
in
the
world.
She
keeps
records
of
her___55___
on
a
large
map
at
the
warehouse（仓库）where
her
books
are
stored
and
sorted.
50.
A.
So
B.
However
C.
After
all
D.
Instead
51.
A.
choose
B.
afford
C.
share
D.
read
52.
A.
excited
B.
used
C.
supposed
D.
determined
53.
A.
in
safety
B.
in
danger
C.
in
need
D.
in
trouble
54.
A.
set
out
B.
give
up
C.
get
off
D.
take
up
55.
A.
industry
B.
research
C.
progress
D.
study
2020徐汇一模
B.
Choose
the
words
or
expressions
and
complete
the
passage（选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文):
Could
you
imagine
a
library
where
you
borrow
tools,
appliances
and
sports
gear(用具)?
As
a
student,
Sabrina
could
see
the
simple
solution
to
a
problem
—
in
order
to
reduce
waste
and
create
a
good
effect
on
our
environment,
perhaps
we
should
try
sharing
the
things
we
have.
When
she
arrived
in
Brisbane
four
years
ago,
Sabrina
had
nothing
with
her
but
a
suitcase
full
of
clothes
and
a
laptop.
To
start
settling
in,
she
asked
friends
if
she
could
borrow
the
things
she
needed.
Over
time,
as
she
started
to
have
things
of
her
own,
she
would
___50___
them
to
her
friends
in
return.
She
then
came
to
the
conclusion
that
we
don’t
need
to
own
every
single
tool
for
every
single___51___,
we
just
need
to
have
them;
we
need
a
place
where
we
can
borrow
what
we
need
—in
other
words,
a
library.
Sabrina
decided
to
put
her
idea
into
action
and
so
the
Brisbane
Tool
Library
was
born.
Within
two
years
the
tool
library
has
grown
to
over
225
members
and
today
is
run
by
a
team
of
volunteers,
mostly
women,
from
13
different
nationalities.
For
a
small
membership
fee,
the
library
offers
___52___
from
hand
and
power
tools
to
sporting
and
camping
gear,
and
kitchen
equipment.
The
library
now
has
over
500
items
in
its
storeroom
with
another
500
waiting
to
come.
These
are
items
that
would
otherwise
have
gone
into
landfill
when
their
owners
are
____53____
them
sitting
on
the
shelf
—
most
are
still
new.
“It
doesn’t
need
to
be
like
this,”
says
Sabrina.
“It’s
not
just
about
reducing
waste
when
things
are
at
the
___54___
of
their
life
cycle.
And
recycling
is
not
enough.
We
need
to
rethink
purchasing
from
the
very
beginning.
We
need
some
change.”
It’s
a
part
of
the
rise
of
the
share
economy,
where
phone
apps
allow
___55___
to
share
rarely-used
goods
with
people
who
need
them.
Libraries
have
been
around
for
centuries
offering
public
use
of
shared
resources.
50.
A.
lend
B.
report
C.
read
D.
sell
51.
A.
excuse
B.
success
C.
purpose
D.
secret
52.
A.
something
B.
everything
C.
anything
D.
nothing
53.
A.
fond
of
B.
tired
of
C.
surprised
at
D.
afraid
of
54.
A.
start
B.
top
C.
rest
D.
end
55.
A.
learners
B.
officers
C.
users
D.
designers英语学科讲义
知识梳理：
完型填空专项训练
考查能力：
逻辑推理能力：
完形填空对篇章逻辑推理能力的考查主要表现在考生能否根据句中，句间甚至是整篇文章的逻辑关系，比如因果、转折、并列等关系，选出正确选项。主要包括以下几个方面：
句中逻辑推理能力
句间逻辑推理能力
篇章逻辑推理能力
篇章原词重现
词汇辨析能力：
词汇辨析能力的考查主要集中在名词，动词，形容词和副词上，选项往往以同义词，近义词，反义词或拼写相近容易混淆词的形式出现。其中，由于篇章中会带有作者主观的意识，因此在形容词或者副词的考查上会出现感彩的辨析。主要包括以下几个方面：
同、近义或者反义辨析
词的感彩
语法知识掌握能力：
语法知识的考查主要体现在某些常见的语法结构和固定句式当中。主要包括以下几个方面：
语法知识运用能力
固定短语搭配和句式
背景文化知识掌握能力：
在完形填空中有时渗着相关的文化背景和生活常识等方面的知识。在做题时，要积极调动自己的跨文化背景和生活常识，巧妙地运用，特别是注意中西文化的差异。
背景文化知识掌握能力
解题技巧：
1)
通读全文，仔细阅读文章，把握语篇大意，顾及文章的整体性和合理性。
2）选项相仿时，切勿主观臆断，联系上下文，选择最佳答案。
3）检查是否逻辑合理，语法无误。
典题分析：
1.
联系上下文，结合语境，定位正确选项。
联系上下文，选择或填写正确的词是完型填空解题最常用的方法之一。在做完型填空时，有些选项的答案从语法角度来讲可以说得通，遇到这种情况，我们应该细读上下文，正确答案会在上下文中得到提示。
【经典例题1】
What
do
I
remember
about
my
childhood?
There
were
good
things
and
bad
things.
We
used
to
live
_________,
and
my
parents
always
got
up
early
in
the
morning
to
feed
the
cows
and
sheep.
A.
in
a
town
B.
on
a
farm
C.
on
a
busy
street
D.
in
a
city
【解析】本段主要讲作者回忆儿童时代所居住的地点。从四个选项来看都是可能的，语法上都说得通。但通过下文my
parents
always
got
up
early
in
the
morning
to
feed
the
cows
and
sheep
“我父母总是很早起来喂牛羊”,提示我们作者生活在农村。正确答案是B。
【经典例题2】
I
dashed
to
the
front
door
and
banged(大声敲)
on
it
loudly.
“Who’s
there?”
I
heard.
“It’s
Billy!
Let
me
in!”
The
voice
behind
the
_________
answered,
“
Billy
doesn’t
live
here
anymore,
he
ran
away
from
home.”
A
.house
B.
tree
C.
door
D.
yard
【解析】联系上文，中文章里多次提到“door”。根据上文中“I
dashed
to
the
front
door
and
banged
on
it
loudly.
”可以得知作者冲过去敲门，那么答应声当然是从门后传来的。故选择C。
2.
根据词汇的辨析和词组的搭配来解题
在选项中设置四个词性一致、意义相近的词是完型填空命题时常用的手段之一。在做此类题目时，必须要在特定的语境中选择最佳、或者也可以推敲一些固定的词组搭配来进行选项。在做首字母填空时，尤其应注意空格所缺单词的词性及固定搭配。
【经典例题1】
On
the
train,
Tom
was
looking
_____1____
for
his
ticket
because
the
conductor
was
coming
_____2_____
to
his
ticket.
1)
A.
out
B.
forward
C.
anywhere
D.
everywhere
2)
A.
down
B.
up
C.
in
D.
on
【解析】第一空格指“汤姆在火车上到处寻找火车票”，因此选D，
词组look
out
=
be
careful,
“小心；当心”，look
forward
to
“期待”,
look
for“寻找”，anywhere常用于否定句和疑问句中；第二空格意为“列车员上前查票”，“走到某人面前”词组为come
up
to
sb,
固定搭配，所以正确答案是B。
【经典例题2】
A
Japanese
manager
once
said
he
himself
and
his
workers
would
all
stand
while
they
were
having
meetings.
Do
you
__________
what
he
means?
A.
think
B.
guess
C.
know
D.
understand
【解析】本段讲述了一个日本经理和他的员工在开会时将都站着的问题。
本题问的是“你知道他说话的含义么？”。从四个选项来看，A和B放入句中意思不通，而C和D两个答案很接近。
D选项强调理解他的意思，从上文句子看当然很好理解这句话讲述了什么故事。但是其中的含义就不知道了。因此选项C才是最合适的。
【经典例题3】
“Isn’t
it
a
nice
day?”
“Do
you
_____1_____
it
will
rain?”
“I
think
it’s
going
to
rain.”
These
are
the
common
ways
of
_____2_____
conversation.
1）
A.
think
B.
see
C.
say
D.
feel
2)
A.
start
B.
begin
C.
talking
D.
starting
【解析】1)
应选A。
从后面的句子I
think…
就能判断出A是准确答案。
2)
当同学们看到conversation
会考虑到
start
conversation,但这时一定要注意介词
of
后应跟动名词
starting,
所以答案应是D。
【经典例题4】
“You
shouldn’t
what
people
say
about
what
you
look
like
because
we’re
not
different
from
anyone
else,
Holly,”
A.
write
down
B.
agree
with
C.
pass
on
D.
listen
to
【解析】D。短语词义辨析。根据what
people
say
about（人们说什么），可知是不要‘听’，因此选项D正确。A.
write
sown
记下
B.
agree
with
同意
C.
pass
on
传递，均不符合语境。
3.
利用逻辑关系解题
利用逻辑关系是完型填空命题设计过程中用得较多的方法之一。解这类题目时需要我们多注意周围生活常识、行文的脉络及句子之间的转承关系。
【经典例题1】
The
English
language
has
now
become
an
international
language
because
it
is
widely
used
in
most
counties
in
the
world.
_________
you
want
to
do
business
with
foreigners,
you
have
to
learn
English,
for
most
of
them
speak
and
write
English.
A.
As
B.
If
C.
So
D.
Since
【解析】本段主要将是英语语言在世界上被广泛地运用，后面一句是举例说明。假如你想跟外国人做生意，你就必须学英文，因为他们大多数人讲英文。两句句子是论点和论据的关系，论据部分用了假设的条件关系。因此，在理清句子之间的脉络之后，很容易知道应选B。
【经典例题2】
A
pair
of
gloves
may
be
a
_________
thing,
but
it
can
make
a
big
difference
in
winter.
A.
small
B.
useful
C.
helpful
D.
cheap
【解析】考查句中的逻辑推理能力。后半句有but转折，且有“make
a
big
difference”，根据转折的逻辑关系可推知选A.
small。
【经典例题3】
Here,
my
mother
_________
in
her
bedroom
window
and
wrote
in
her
diary.
A.
lay
B.
play
C.
stood
D.
sat
【解析】D。考查句中并列逻辑关系推理能力。该句中的and体现了前后两个动作的并列关系，依据这个逻辑关系，能与wrote这个动作构成并列关系的，只有sat最为合适：在这里，母亲坐在她的卧室窗户旁，写日记。
【经典例题4】
Lisa
was
one
of
the
mobile(流动的)
children,
_____1_____
from
house
to
house
in
childhood.
She
longs
for
a
sense
of
_____2_____
,
and
so
we
have
come
to
Nova
Scotia
where
my
husband
and
I
were
born
and
where
our
ancestors
41
for
200
years.
A.
passed
B.
raised
C.
moved
D.
sent
A.
home
B.
duty
C.
reality
D.
relief
【解析】考查句间的逻辑推理能力。前句的关键词
the
mobile
children,
和
from
house
to
house，可以得推测出第一题答案是C。再根据Lisa
从小居无定所，可以推测出结论：她应该是渴望有家的感觉，根据这两者间的因果关系，得出第二题正确答案为
A。
4.
利用语法和句型解题
这类题目主要考查学生在一定语境中运用语法知识和识别句型的能力。由于学生对这类选项把握较大，因此这类题型的数量越来越少。
【经典例题1】
Karl
Landsteiner
first
thought
of
naming
blood
types
in
1900.
He
________
four
types.
A.
make
blood
into
B.
put
blood
into
C.
keep
blood
into
D.
store
blood
as
【解析】做这题时，好多同学吃不准应用哪一个搭配，但只要你仔细辨别，不难发现这四个选项看起来都是动词原形，但其中B项的动词put过去式、过去分词是同一单词，而这个选项的时态应该是过去时，所以B是正确答案。
【经典例题2】
The
earth
is
our
home.
We
must
take
care
of
it.
Life
today
is
easier
than
it
was
___________
years
ago,
but
it
has
brought
some
new
problems.
A.
hundred
B.
hundreds
of
C.
hundred
of
D.
hundreds
【解析】答案是B。
此句考查的是数词的用法。表示具体几百时，应是“基数词+
hundred”；表示成百上千时，用
“hundreds
of”.
【经典例题3】
___________
it
was
getting
dark,
she
saw
a
small,
dark
wooden
house.
A.
When
B.
Until
C.
If
D.
Because
【解析】A。考查状语从句。由句意可知所填词引导时间状语从句，引导词意思是：当……的时候，选A。
【经典例题4】
You
can’t
blame
others
___________
you
start
with
yourself.
A.
although
B.
if
C.
when
D.
unless
【解析】D。考查状语从句。由句意：除非你从自己开始反思，否则你不能责备他人。
强化练习：
(基础篇)
B.
Choose
the
best
answer
and
complete
the
passage
(选择最恰当的选项完成短文)
(12分)
My
husband
Bill,
was
diagnosed
with
cancer(癌症).
Over
the
course
of
seven
months,
he
went
from
beating
me
silly
at
tennis
to
needing
my
help
to
go
to
the
bathroom.
It
was
the
best
seven
months
of
my
life.
Maybe
I
don’t
75
mean
that,
but
it
was
certainly
the
time
when
I
felt
most
alive.
I
had
become
a
respected
professor,
and
a
responsible
wife.
During
those
seven
months,
I
came
to
understand
that
nothing
would
76
more
than
what
I
had
done
to
my
husband.
When
I
couldn’t
sleep
at
night,
I
prayed(祈祷)
to
God.
Then
I
began
praying
it
daily
even
if
I
had
no
difficulty
sleeping,
which
77
my
breathing
and
calmed
my
mind.
During
his
last
week,
a
relative
visited.
I
noticed
that
she’d
changed
her
appearance,
but
in
a
funny
way.
It
was
the
kind
of
78
I
kept
to
myself.
After
she
left,
Bill
voiced
exactly
what
I’d
been
thinking,
in
that
truthful
way
he
had,
and
I
found
myself
laughing
out
in
my
heart.
I
could
live
with
this
man,
even
needing
as
much
care
as
he
does,
for
the
next
40
years,
I
thought.
79
,
he
would
be
dead
very
soon.
I
will
never
again
have
that
high
a
purpose
in
my
life.
I
will
try
to
be
a
little
less
unhappy,
and
a
little
more
80
for
the
small
moments
in
life.
I
am
a
better
person
for
caring
for
Bill.
It
was
his
last,
best
gift
to
me.
75.
A)
completely
B)
hardly
C)
actually
D)
carefully
76.
A)
care
B)
matter
C)
change
D)
cost
77.
A)
slowed
B)
increased
C)
held
D)
took
78.
A)
jokes
B)
friends
C)
work
D)
thought
79.
A)
Luckily
B)
However
C)
Instead
D)
Finally
80.
A)
sorry
B)
excited
C)
thankful
D)
worried
(2)
Most
films
set
in
space
are
usually
horror
films
and
include
aliens
in
their
story.
Gravity(地心引力)
is
different
and
focuses
on
the
human
drama
75
.
The
film’s
special
effects
are
so
amazing
that
it
is
easy
to
believe
that
Gravity
really
was
filmed
in
space.
It
took
more
than
three
years
for
a
British
team
to
create
all
of
these
effects.
We
first
meet
the
76
outside
of
their
spaceship
on
a
spacewalk.
Dr
Stone,
a
strong-minded
mother
whose
daughter
died
in
an
accident,
is
on
her
first
journey
into
space
and
is
joined
by
Matt
Kowalski,
an
experienced
astronaut.
Kowalski
makes
jokes
and
tells
stories
about
his
life
to
help
Dr
Stone
feel
less
nervous
about
being
in
space.
The
astronauts
are
soon
77
that
pieces
of
a
damaged
satellite
are
flying
in
their
direction.
Their
spaceship
is
soon
hit
and
destroyed.
Dr
Stone
is
knocked
into
space.
It
seems
that
she
will
die
there.
The
fast
moving
camera
work
and
losing
78
with
the
Earth
makes
everything
even
scarier(恐怖的).
79
,
Kowalski
saves
Dr
Stone
and
they
decide
to
go
to
the
nearby
International
Space
Station
and
see
if
their
escape
vehicle
can
be
used
to
return
to
the
Earth.
On
the
journey,
they
have
trouble
and
are
about
to
lose
their
lives
in
space
together.
Kowalski
allows
himself
to
float
away
to
save
Dr
Stone.
From
here
Dr
Stone
is
alone
and
the
film
explores
whether
she
is
strong
enough
to
stay
alive,
or
want
to.
Gravity
is
a
powerful
film
about
a
woman’s
journey
in
a(n)
80
place.
You
will
find
it
worth
watching
because
it
is
not
only
interesting
but
also
moving.
75.
A)
still
B)
yet
C)
instead
D)
perhaps
76.
A)
characters
B)
directors
C)
actors
D)
fans
77.
A)
agreed
B)
warned
C)
shown
D)
telephoned
78.
A)
energy
B)
patience
C)
sight
D)
contact
79.
A)
Finally
B)
Recently
C)
Luckily
D)
Immediately
80.
A)
dark
B)
lonely
C)
horrible
D)
empty
(3)
It
happened
one
spring
morning.
I
woke
up
and
went
downstairs.
My
mum
asked
me
if
I
wanted
some
orange
juice.
“Yes,
thanks,”
I
replied,
but
my
voice
had
changed!
It
sounded
very
deep.
I
was
quite
75
,
and
so
was
the
dog!
But
my
mum
just
smiled
and
said,
“Oh,
that’s
just
your
voice
breaking.”
Breaking?
That
did
not
sound
good!
So
at
school
that
day,
I
asked
my
biology
teacher
what
was
happening.
“Don’t
worry.
It’s
76
common!”
she
said.
“Sound
is
made
by
the
mouth
as
the
air
is
77
out
through
the
voice
box,
which
is
in
the
neck.
As
you
grow
older,
the
voice
box
grows
larger
and
thicker.
When
you
are
a
teenager,
there
can
be
a
78
.”
“But
my
sister
is
older
than
me,
and
her
voice
is
still
the
same,”
I
said,
a
little
79
.
“The
change
is
bigger
in
boys,
so
you
notice
it
more.
Girls’
voices
only
change
a
little,
so
it
is
hard
to
tell
the
80
.”
Now
I
like
my
new
voice.
But
the
dog
still
is
not
sure!
A)
excited
B)
embarrassed
C)
surprised
D)
satisfied
A)
especially
B)
probably
C)
hardly
D)
completely
A)
pushed
B)
turned
C)
taken
D)
picked
A)
common
mistake
B)
sudden
change
C)
similar
experience
D)
slow
process
A)
angry
B)
confused
C)
calm
D)
frightened
A)
truth
B)
reason
C)
secret
D)
difference
(4)
The
Thanksgiving
turkey
is
the
cause
of
stress
for
me.
I
have
75
it
as
an
enemy
on
Thanksgiving.
Over
the
years
I
had
tried
just
every
method
of
cooking
the
turkey.
When
I
just
got
married
I
tried
the
traditional
pan
roasting
method.
But
I
forgot
to
buy
my
turkey
76
the
day
before
Thanksgiving.
And
I
bought
a
big
one
because
I
wanted
to
be
sure
to
have
enough
turkey
for
everyone.
Unfortunately,
it
wasn’t
thawed
(解冻)
by
the
time
I
needed
to
cook
it.
I
ended
up
with
a
dry
turkey
overcooked
on
the
outside
and
rarely
done
77
.
And
I
had
lots
and
lots
of
leftover
turkey
because
nobody
liked
it.
The
following
year
I
was
busy
with
a
baby.
So
again
I
forgot
to
buy
my
turkey
in
time
to
get
it
78
thawed.
I
had
to
be
up
most
of
the
night
before
Thanksgiving
running
cold
water
over
my
turkey
to
get
it
thawed.
The
turkey
ended
up
turning
out
okey
but
I
was
so
tired
and
sleepy
by
the
time
I
served
dinner.
The
next
year
I
got
a
method
of
cooking
turkey
from
local
radio
in
early
November.
I
was
79
to
give
it
a
try.
Making
that
turkey
was
like
taking
care
of
a
baby
for
nearly
two
days.
I
was
so
pleased
with
that
turkey.
I
thought
it
was
going
to
be
the
best
tasting
turkey
ever
since
it
was
the
most
80
I
ever
put
in
making
turkey.
But
that
didn’t
happen.
Nobody
liked
the
flavour
of
the
turkey.
I
decided
not
to
make
one
this
year.
But
my
family
thought
it
wasn't
Thanksgiving
without
turkey.
The
Thanksgiving
turkey
has
been
a
yearly
joke
at
our
house
and
when
I
don’t
make
one
there
is
nothing
to
complain
about.
75.
A)
visited
B)
considered
C)
heard
D)
told
76.
A)
before
B)
after
C)
until
D)
since
77.
A)
on
the
surface
B)
on
the
top
C)
at
the
bottom
D)
in
the
middle
78.
A)
completely
B)
carefully
C)
easily
D)
slowly
79.
A)
afraid
B)
responsible
C)
surprised
D)
ready
80.
A)
money
B)
work
C)
power
D)
water
参考答案：
Keys1:
75.
C
76.
B
77.A
78.
D
79.
B
80.
C
Keys2:
75.
C
76.
A
77.B
78.
D
79.
C
80.
B
Keys3:
75.
C
76.
D
77.A
78.
B
79.
B
80.
D
Keys4:
75.
B
76.
C
77.D
78.
A
79.
D
80.
B
小结：
完型填空答题原则：
1．首句重读原则
“首句重读”指首句需重点阅读。首句很多情况是Topic
sentence
(主题句)，会透露文章背景和主旨。首句一般不设空，若设空，则需重点读后面的例子，例子里面会提供线索。现在很多考题都是用后面的例子印证首句。
例子关联原则
例子联合起来都是去证明本文中心的，但例子与例子间有时会有正反对比关系或者平行并列关系。
最佳适用原则
场景匹配原则
5.
平行并列原则
完形填空文章很多时候是围绕一个话题展开，每个段落有的时候发展模式都是差不多的，前面提到如果首句设空，除了关注到后面的例子，还可以关注下一段首句或者再下下段首句。类似的如果某段末句设空也可以关注下面一段的末句。
课后作业：
(提高篇)
2020杨浦一模
Choose
the
best
answer
and
complete
the
passage
（选择最恰当的选项完成短文）
Have
you
ever
tried
playing
the
kind
of
video
games
that
your
parents
played?
The
Museum
of
Science
in
Manchester,
in
the
UK,
has
held
an
exhibition
for
the
last
few
years,
which
invites
visitors
to
do
___50___
that.
It
offers
them
the
chance
to
play
games
from
the
last
40
years,
in
various
sessions
throughout
the
day.
These
video
game
sessions
have
now
become
one
of
the
main
attractions
of
the
museum.
They
are
full
of
people
every
day,
playing
a
wide
range
of
games.
However,
visitors
often
choose
the
ones
they’re
___51___.
For
parents,
for
example,
these
are
usually
the
games
they
used
to
play
in
their
childhood.
There’s
also
a(n)___52___
purpose
to
the
games.
For
instance,
some
old
types
of
computer,
dating
back
40
years,
are
also
available
in
the
sessions.
They
were
originally
used
in
classrooms
to
teach
pupils
to
write
their
won
computer
programs.
And
at
the
time,
it
helped
lots
of
young
people
to
do
that.
Now,
the
museum
is
holding
workshops
that
encourage
children
to
learn
similar
skills
--
and
they’re
still
very
popular.
The
exhibition
also
shows
how
much___53___technology
has
made
over
the
last
40
years.
Parents
can
often
remember
playing
very
simple
games.
But
the
games
that
are
played
today
are
more
complex.
They
have
better
story-lines
and
animation,
too.
And
the
players
also
have
to
use
much
more
complicated
techniques.
____54____,
one
serious
side
of
the
exhibition
is
that
organisers
also
want
to
show
that
video
gaming
is
an
important
industry,
employing
many
skilled
people.
So
they
hope
the
exhibition
will
___55___
this
message.
That
way,
people
who
enjoy
gaming
will
also
understand
all
the
hard
work,
talent,
imagination
that
goes
into
creating
these
amazing
games.
50.
A.
especially
B.
exactly
C.
directly
D.
mainly
51.
A.
ready
for
B.
poor
at
C.
connected
to
D.
familiar
with
52.
A.
dramatic
B.
official
C.
historical
D.
educational
53.
A.
response
B.
progress
C.
knowledge
D.
impression
54.
A.
However
B.
Therefore
C.
In
fact
D.
In
conclusion
55.
A.
link
B.
check
C.
share
D.
record
【答案】50.
B
51.
D
52.
D
53.
B
54.
A
55.
C
【解析】本篇文章难度中等偏上，主要介绍英国的曼彻斯特博物馆过去几年展览过去的游戏并且非常受欢迎。并且讲述它的三个意义：一、具有教育的意义；二、科技在过去的四十年已经取得了重大的进步；三、向人们展示游戏也是一个重要的产业。
【50题详解】
句意：过去几年，英国曼彻斯特的科学博物馆举办了一场展览，邀请参观者亲身体验。
especially特别地；exactly正是，恰好地，正确地，精确地；directly直接地；mainly主要地。根据It
offers
them
the
chance
to
play
games
from
the
last
40
years,
in
various
sessions
throughout
the
day“它让他们有机会在一天中的不同时段玩过去40年的游戏”可知，表示人们可以真正地打游戏，故选B。
【51题详解】
句意“然而游客经常选择他们熟悉的游戏”。
be
ready
for为……做准备；be
poor
at不擅长……；be
connected
to与……有关联；be
familiar
with熟悉。根据For
parents,
for
example,
these
are
usually
the
games
they
used
to
play
in
their
childhood“例如，对于父母来说，这些通常是他们在童年时经常玩的游戏”可知，表示“选择他们熟悉的游戏”，故选D。
【52题详解】
句意：游戏还有教育目的。
dramatic戏剧的；official官方的；historical有关历史的；educational教育的。根据They
were
originally
used
in
classrooms
to
teach
pupils
to
write
their
won
computer
programs“它们最初被用在教室里，教学生编写他们的计算机程序”可知，表示游戏具有教育目的，故选D。
53题详解】
句意：这次展览还展示了过去40年来科技的进步
response响应，回答；progress进步，进展；knowledge知识；impression印象。根据Parents
can
often
remember
playing
very
simple
games.
But
the
games
that
are
played
today
are
more
complex“父母们能够经常记得他们玩非常简单的游戏，但是如今玩的游戏更加复杂”可知，表示科技取得重大进步，故选B。
【54题详解】
句意：然而，展览的一个严肃的方面是，组织者也想展示电子游戏是一个重要的产业，它雇佣了许多技术人员。
however然而（表示转折）；therefore因此；in
fact事实上；in
conclusion总而言之。根据全文可知，讲述了这次展览具有教育目的以及向我们展示在过去的四十年中科技的进步，所以这里表示转折，表示“组织者也想展示电子游戏是一个重要的产业”，故选A。
【55题详解】
句意：所以他们希望这次展览将分享这个信息。
link连接；check检查；share分享；record记录。根据one
serious
side
of
the
exhibition
is
that
organisers
also
want
to
show
that
video
gaming
is
an
important
industry,
employing
many
skilled
people“然而，展览的一个严肃的方面是，组织者也想展示电子游戏是一个重要的产业，它雇佣了许多技术人员”可知，表示“分享这个信息”。故选C。
【点睛】做完型填空时，首先要通读课文，明白主旨大意，然后再做题。做完型时要记住“瞻前顾后想结果”这一原则，根据上下文以及语境做题，切忌主观臆断。另外，平时还要多多积累词汇。完型填空常考名词、动词、形容词和副词等辨析。做词义辨析题时，首先要确认四个选项的含义，然后分析语境和逻辑关系，确定答案。
例如第2题。首先确定四个选项的含义，A.
dramatic戏剧的；B.
official官方的；C.
historical有关历史的；D.
educational教育的。再根据They
were
originally
used
in
classrooms
to
teach
pupils
to
write
their
won
computer
programs“它们最初被用在教室里，教学生编写他们的计算机程序”可知，表示游戏具有教育目的，故选D。
2020嘉定一模
B.
Choose
the
best
answer
and
complete
the
passage
（选择最恰当的选项完成短文）
Books
have
magical
power.
They
contain
knowledge
and
knowledge
makes
our
human
become
wiser
and
stronger.
Between
their
pages,
readers
can
be
transported
to
anywhere
imaginable
and
become
just
about
anyone
...
or
anytime.
______50______
,
many
children
all
over
the
world
don’t
have
access
to
books.
For
several
years
now,
Maria
Keller,
a
teenager
from
Minneapolis,
Minnesota,
has
been
trying
to
change
that
fact.
When
she
was
8
years
old,
Maria
already
loved
reading.
She
also
noticed
that
some
of
her
classmates
didn’t
read
as
much
as
she
did.
When
she
asked
her
mother
why
that
was,
her
mother
said
that
they
might
not
be
able
to
___51___books.
Maria
had
never
thought
of
this.
She
couldn’t
believe
that
some
children
didn’t
have
bedtime
stories
read
to
them,
and
she
became___52___to
change
this.
With
her
mother’s
help.
Maria
created
a
non-profit
organization
which
is
dedicated（致力于）to
collecting
and
distributing
books
to
children___53___
During
the
early
stages
of
Read
Indeed,
Maria
set
the
goal
of
collecting
and
distributing
I
million
books
by
the
time
she
was
18.
It
didn’t
take
long
to
reach
that
goal.
Up
till
now,
she
has
collected
over
2.4
million
books
and
has
shipped
them
to
many
states
and
countries
around
the
world.
She
said,
“I
cannot
live
without
books.
As
I
continue
my
mission（使命）.
I
have
learned
that
the
number
of
kids
who
have
no
books
is
in
the
hundreds
of
millions.
So
I
just
can’t___54___.
even
after
reaching
my
original
goal
of
1
million
books.”
She
recently
set
a
new
goal:to
distribute
donations
to
kids
in
need
in
every
state
in
the
US,
and
every
country
in
the
world.
She
keeps
records
of
her___55___
on
a
large
map
at
the
warehouse（仓库）where
her
books
are
stored
and
sorted.
50.
A.
So
B.
However
C.
After
all
D.
Instead
51.
A.
choose
B.
afford
C.
share
D.
read
52.
A.
excited
B.
used
C.
supposed
D.
determined
53.
A.
in
safety
B.
in
danger
C.
in
need
D.
in
trouble
54.
A.
set
out
B.
give
up
C.
get
off
D.
take
up
55.
A.
industry
B.
research
C.
progress
D.
study
【答案】50.
B
51.
B
52.
D
53.
C
54.
B
55.
C
【解析】本文讲述玛利亚帮助贫困儿童读书的故事。
【50题详解】
句意：然而，全世界还有许多孩子没有机会读书。
so
所以；however
然而；after
all
毕竟；instead
反而。第一段空格处前文讲述读书的带来的好处，空格后表示世界上还有一些孩子是没有机会读书的，上下文是转折关系，并且空格后有逗号，所以用转折关系连词however。故选B。
【51题详解】
句意：当她问她妈妈这是为什么，她的妈妈告诉她也许他们买不起书。
choose
选择；afford支付；share
分享；read
阅读。根据前文“She
also
noticed
that
some
of
her
classmates
didn’t
read
as
much
as
she
did”她注意到她的一些同学读的书没有她多，可推测是孩子不能支付买书的费用。故选B，
【52题详解】
句意：她不能相信一些孩子是没有睡前故事的，所以她决定要改变这个状况。
excited
兴奋的；used
被用来；supposed
假设；determined
决定。become是系动词，后接形容词。根据前文“She
couldn’t
believe
that
some
children
didn’t
have
bedtime
stories
read
to
them”，可推测下文要表达的是她下定决心要改变它。固定搭配be
determined
to
do
sth
下定决心做某事。故选D。
【53题详解】
句意：在她妈妈的帮助下，玛利亚创建了一个零利润的机构，收集书籍和发放一些书籍给需要的孩子。
in
safety
安全中；in
danger
危险中；in
need
有需要；in
trouble
麻烦中。根据文章的最后一段“She
recently
set
a
new
goal:to
distribute
donations
to
kids
in
need
in
every
state
in
the
US”，可知，她创建的机构是为了帮助有需要的孩子们。故选C。
54题详解】
句意：所以我不能放弃，甚至是在达到了我初始设定的100万本的这个目标后。
set
out出发；give
up
放弃；get
off
下车；take
up占据。根据前文“I
have
learned
that
the
number
of
kids
who
have
no
books
is
in
the
hundreds
of
millions”，可推测，大概有1亿的孩子是没有书的，所以尽管在达到她初定的目标后，还不能放弃，还要继续。故选B。
【55题详解】
句意：她在储存书的仓库墙上的一张大地图记录了她的进展。
industry
工业；research
研究；progress
进展；study学习。根据空格后on
a
map，可推测在地图上记录她的进展，空格用progress符合句意。故选C。
2020徐汇一模
B.
Choose
the
words
or
expressions
and
complete
the
passage（选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文):
Could
you
imagine
a
library
where
you
borrow
tools,
appliances
and
sports
gear(用具)?
As
a
student,
Sabrina
could
see
the
simple
solution
to
a
problem
—
in
order
to
reduce
waste
and
create
a
good
effect
on
our
environment,
perhaps
we
should
try
sharing
the
things
we
have.
When
she
arrived
in
Brisbane
four
years
ago,
Sabrina
had
nothing
with
her
but
a
suitcase
full
of
clothes
and
a
laptop.
To
start
settling
in,
she
asked
friends
if
she
could
borrow
the
things
she
needed.
Over
time,
as
she
started
to
have
things
of
her
own,
she
would
___50___
them
to
her
friends
in
return.
She
then
came
to
the
conclusion
that
we
don’t
need
to
own
every
single
tool
for
every
single___51___,
we
just
need
to
have
them;
we
need
a
place
where
we
can
borrow
what
we
need
—in
other
words,
a
library.
Sabrina
decided
to
put
her
idea
into
action
and
so
the
Brisbane
Tool
Library
was
born.
Within
two
years
the
tool
library
has
grown
to
over
225
members
and
today
is
run
by
a
team
of
volunteers,
mostly
women,
from
13
different
nationalities.
For
a
small
membership
fee,
the
library
offers
___52___
from
hand
and
power
tools
to
sporting
and
camping
gear,
and
kitchen
equipment.
The
library
now
has
over
500
items
in
its
storeroom
with
another
500
waiting
to
come.
These
are
items
that
would
otherwise
have
gone
into
landfill
when
their
owners
are
____53____
them
sitting
on
the
shelf
—
most
are
still
new.
“It
doesn’t
need
to
be
like
this,”
says
Sabrina.
“It’s
not
just
about
reducing
waste
when
things
are
at
the
___54___
of
their
life
cycle.
And
recycling
is
not
enough.
We
need
to
rethink
purchasing
from
the
very
beginning.
We
need
some
change.”
It’s
a
part
of
the
rise
of
the
share
economy,
where
phone
apps
allow
___55___
to
share
rarely-used
goods
with
people
who
need
them.
Libraries
have
been
around
for
centuries
offering
public
use
of
shared
resources.
50.
A.
lend
B.
report
C.
read
D.
sell
51.
A.
excuse
B.
success
C.
purpose
D.
secret
52.
A.
something
B.
everything
C.
anything
D.
nothing
53.
A.
fond
of
B.
tired
of
C.
surprised
at
D.
afraid
of
54.
A.
start
B.
top
C.
rest
D.
end
55.
A.
learners
B.
officers
C.
users
D.
designers
【答案】50.
A
51.
C
52.
B
53.
B
54.
D
55.
C
【解析】文章大意：本文介绍了Sabrina建立布里斯班工具库灵感来源、过程及其发展。这个工具库通过分享自己拥有的工具来减少浪费，并对环境产生好的影响。
【50题详解】
句意：随着时间流逝，当她开始拥有自己东西，她把它们借给朋友们作为回报。
lend出借；report报告；read阅读；sell卖出。根据上文中“To
start
settling
in,
she
asked
friends
if
she
could
borrow
the
things
she
needed.”可知朋友曾借给她她所需的东西，由此可推出她把东西借给朋友们作为回报。故选A。
【51题详解】
句意：她当时意识到了我们不需要因每一个用途而拥有每一个工具，……
excuse借口；success成功；purpose用途；secret秘密。根据常识可知每一个工具都有它的用途。故选C。
【52题详解】
句意：收取少量的会员费，这个工具库提供一切东西，从手动和电动工具到运动和野营设备及厨房设备。
something某事物；everything一切；anything任何事物；nothing没有什么。根据题干中“from
hand
and
power
tools
to
sporting
and
camping
gear,
and
kitchen
equipment”可推出此处是指在这个范围内的一切东西。故选B。
【53题详解】
句意：这些物品大部分还是新的，原本可能已经在主人对放在架子上的它们感到厌烦时被填埋。
fond
of喜欢；tired
of厌倦；surprised
at对……感到吃惊；afraid
of害怕。根据题干中“items
that
would
otherwise
have
gone
into
landfill”可知原本这些物品可能已经被填埋，由此推出是在主人厌烦它们的时候被填埋。故选B。
【54题详解】
句意：它不仅是当物品在它们生命周期的尽头时减少废弃物。
start开始；top顶端；rest剩余的；end最后。根据题干中“reducing
waste”可推出此处说的是物品生命周期的尽头，用at
the
end
of表示“在……尽头”。故选D。
【55题详解】
句意：它是共享经济崛起的一部分，手机软件允许用户和有需要的人们分享极少使用的商品。
learners学习者；officers官员；users用户；designers设计者。根据句意“手机软件允许____和有需要的人们分享极少使用的商品”结合常识可知此处是说用户。故选C。
