Unit 4 Don't eat in class. Section B 知识点讲义

(
第
8
讲
Don’t
eat
in
class!
(B)
)
学习掌握有关规章制度的记叙方式；
掌握有规章制度文章的表达特点；
学习掌握如何书写各种规章制度。
(
1
)
Teacher:
When
you
are
unhappy
about
something.
Who
do
you
like
to
talk
to,
your
parents,
your
teacher
or
your
friends?
Can
you
tell
me?
Students:
……
Teacher:
Molly
is
a
student
like
us.
She
is
very
upset.
Do
you
know
why
she
is
unhappy,
and
who
she
likes
to
talk
to?
Now,
let’s
read
the
text
about
Molly.
阅读
规章制度类文章
Don’t
leave
the
dirty
dishes
in
the
kitchen!
My
dad
says
I
can’t
play
basketball
because
I
must
do
my
homework
After
dinner,
I
can’t
relax
either.
I
know
how
you
feel.
There
are
a
lot
of
things
you
can
do.
...
they
make
rules
to
help
us.
You
can
watch
TV
after
you
read
a
book.
写作
谈论如何写规章制度
(
阅读理解
)
Read
the
letters
and
answer
the
questions.
Can
Molly
leave
the
dirty
dishes
in
the
kitchen?
What
rules
do
they
have
at
school?
Why
do
we
have
to
follow
the
rules?
(
Dear
Dr.
Know,
There
are
too
many
rules!
At
6:00
a.m.,
my
mom
says,
“Get
up
now
and
make
your
bed!”
After
breakfast,
my
mom
always
says,
①
“Don’t
leave
the
dirty
dishes
in
the
kitchen!”
After
that,
I
run
to
school
because
I
can’t
be
late.
At
school,
we
have
more
rules
—
don’t
be
noisy,
don’t
eat
in
class,
…
②
My
dad
says
I
can’t
play
basketball
after
school
because
I
must
do
my
homework.
I
can
play
only
on
weekends.
③
After
dinner,
I
can’t
relax
either.
I
must
read
a
book
before
I
can
watch
TV.
But
I
have
to
go
to
bed
before
10:00.
Rules,
rules,
rules!
What
can
I
do,
Dr.
Know?
)
(
3
Good
luck!
Dr.
Know
Dear
Molly,
④
I
know
how
you
feel.
People
always
tell
us,
“Don’t
do
this!”
or
“Don’t
do
that!”
But
think
about
it,
Molly.
⑤
There
are
a
lot
of
things
you
can
do.
You
can
play
basketball
on
weekends.
⑥
You
can
watch
TV
after
you
read
a
book.
Parents
and
schools
are
sometimes
strict,
but
remember,
⑦
they
make
rules
to
help
us.
We
have
to
follow
them.
)
(
重点讲解
)
Don’t
leave
the
dirty
dishes
in
the
kitchen!
翻译：别把脏餐具留在厨房里
结构：leave
sb./sth.
+
地点
把某人或某物遗忘在某地例句：She
left
her
pen
in
the
bed
room.
辨析：forget
与
leave
forget
sb./
sth.
忘记某人或某物
The
boy
always
forgets
his
old
friend.
那个男孩总是忘记他的老朋友。
leave
sb./sth.
+
地点
把某人或某物遗
忘在某地
He
often
leaves
his
homework
at
home
他总是把作业忘在家里。
【即学即练】
Don’t
your
phone
at
home.
When
you
get
there,
please
call
me.
forget
B.
forgets
C.
leave
D.
leaves
The
old
man
always
some
things
because
he’s
too
old.
leave
B.
leaves
C.
forget
D.
forgets
My
dad
says
I
can’t
play
basketball
because
I
must
do
my
homework
翻译：我爸爸说我不能打篮球因为我必须要做作业用法：because
引导原因状语从句。
特别注意：英语中
because
和
so
不能同时使用。例句：Because
Li
Lei
got
up
late,
he
arrived
late
for
school
因为李雷起床晚了，所以他上学迟到了。
【即学即练】
it’s
raining,
_
they
don’t
play
basketball.
Because;
so
B.
Because;
/
C.
So;
because
D.
/;
because
改错：Because
the
boy
is
too
young,
so
he
can’t
go
to
school.
After
dinner,
I
can’t
relax
either.
翻译：晚饭后，我也不能休息
用法：①
relax
此处用作不及物动词，意为“放松；休息”，与
rest
和
have
a
rest
同义，第三人称单数形式为
relaxes.
另外，relax
还可以用作及物动词，意为“使放松”。
(
15
)
例句：Let’s
stop
working
and
relax
for
an
hour.
咱们停止工作放松一个小时吧。
This
song
relaxes
me.
这首歌使我心情舒畅。辨析：relax,
relaxing,
relaxed
relax
动词
使放松；休息
Playing
games
always
relaxes
me
玩游戏总是使我放松。
relaxing
形容词
修饰物，表示“令人
放松的”
This
film
is
very
relaxing.
这部电影令人很放松。
relaxed
形容词
修饰人，表示某人
“感到轻松的”
He
is
relaxed
after
listening
to
music.
听完音乐后，他感到轻松。
用法：②
either
此处用作副词，意为“也”，用于否定句末。
例句：He
can’t
swim.
I
can’t
swim
either.他不会游泳，我也不会游泳。辨析：either,
too,
also
either
常用于否定句末，前面可用逗号隔开。
I
don’t
like
math.
He
doesn’t
like
it,
either.
我不喜欢数学，他也不喜欢。
too
常用于肯定句末，前面可用
逗号隔开。
I
play
football
after
school,
too.
放学后我也踢足球。
also
常用于句中，较正式用语，
放在实义动词之前，系动词、助动词或情态动词之后。
I
also
play
football
after
school.
放学后我也踢足球。
【即学即练】
I
don’t
like
this
one,
and
I
don’t
like
that
one,
_
.
too
B.
either
C.
also
D.
beside
Walking
after
dinner
is
very
.
relax
B.
relaxed
C.
relaxing
D.
relaxes
My
friend
Frank
sings
well,
and
he
is
good
at
dancing.
not
B.
too
C.
yet
D.
also
Look!
They’re
lying
on
the
beach.
How
they
are!
relaxed
B.
relaxing
C.
relax
D.
to
relax
We
often
feel
(
relax
)
on
weekends.
I
know
how
you
feel.
翻译：我知道你感觉怎样。
结构：本句为含有宾语从句的主从复合句,
how
you
feel
作
know
的宾语。
用法：feel
在此处作系动词，意为“觉得”
系动词后可接形容词作表语，常用的感官系动词还有
look（看起来）sound（听起来）smell（闻起来）taste
（尝起来）
例句：He
feels
happy
today.
他今天觉得很快乐。
【即学即练】
The
running
water
makes
the
stone（石头）
very
smooth（光滑的）
sound
B.
taste
C.
smell
D.
feel
I
really
enjoy
the
noodles.
They
delicious.
smell
B.
taste
C.
sound
D.
feel
There
are
a
lot
of
things
you
can
do.
翻译：有许多你可以做的事情。
结构：此句中
a
lot
of
things
是一个名词短语，you
can
do
是一个定语从句，起着修饰限定名词
things
的作用。英语中当短语或句子修饰限定名词时要放在名词的后面。
例句：There
are
a
lot
of
clothes
you
can
wear
【即学即练】汉译英
有许多歌你可以唱
有很多房间我们可以打扫。
...
they
make
rules
to
help
us.
翻译：他们制定制度是为了帮助我们。
用法：help
在此作动词，意为“帮助”，相关短语有
①
help
sb.
(
to
)
do
sth.
“帮助某人做某事”
②
help
sb.
with
sth.
“帮助某人（做）某事”
例句：He
would
like
to
help
me
do
the
work.他愿意帮我做工作。
My
teacher
always
helps
me
with
my
English.老师总是帮我学习英语。
【即学即练】
The
students
often
help
the
old
man
the
room.
cleaning
B.
cleans
C.
to
clean
D.
cleaned
Now
I’m
helping
my
mother
housework.
in
B.
with
C.
on
D.
for
The
girl
often
helps
clothes
at
home
on
weekends.
wash
B.
washing
C.
washes
D.
washed
You
can
watch
TV
after
you
read
a
book.
翻译：你看书之后，你可以看电视。
结构：这句是
after
引导的时间状语主从复合句。
用法：时间状语主从复合句一般由两个简单句构成，引导词后面的句子是从句，另一个句子是主句，英译汉的时候，一般先翻译从句。
例句：The
boy
goes
to
bed
after
he
always
finishes
his
homework.
【即学即练】
Don’t
walk
across
the
street
the
traffic
lights
are
green
when
B.
after
C.
before
D.
but
Mr.
Black
usually
plays
tennis
he
works.
and
B.
after
C.
before
D.
so
(
短语归纳
)
too
many
+
复数名词
太多…
too
much
+
不可数名词
太多…
much
too
+
adj./adv.
非常；很
make
one’s
bed
整理床铺
leave
sb./sth.
+
地点
把某人或某物遗忘在某地
be
noisy
吵闹
think
about
思考；考虑
be
strict
with
sb.
对某人要求严格
be
strict
in
sth.
对某事要求严格
make
rules
制定制度
follow
the
rules
遵守制度
Good
luck
祝你好运
on
school
days
在上学期间的日子里
keep
sb./sth.
+
adj.
让某人或某物保持某种状态
have
fun
玩的开心
before
10:00
在十点以前
learn
to
do
sth.
学习做某事
remember
to
do
sth.
记住做某事
remember
doing
sth.
记得做过某事
(
话题分析
)
规章制度
本单元主要话题是规章制度，与本单元相关的写作题目可以与书写各种规章制度相结合。命题内容以学校、家庭和图书馆等场所的规章制度为主，根据提示写作时应注意祈使句和情态动词的应用。
书写规章制度常用以下句型
Don’t
do…
We
must…
We
can’t…
We
have
to…
(
写作实例
)
假如你是鲍勃(Bob)，你们班最近要举行一次关于规则的演讲比赛。现在请你以“My
Family
Rules”为题，并根据以下提示信息准备一篇不少于
60
词的稿子。提示内容：
What
rules
do
you
have
in
your
family?
Are
there
a
lot
of
rules
for
you?
What
do
you
think
of
them?
要求：
语法正确、语句通顺、逻辑连贯；
包含所给信息提示，并可适当发挥。
My
Family
Rules
(
写作指导
)
思路点拨
体裁:
应用文
人称:
第一人称。时态:
一般现在时
书写规章制度三段式
第
1
段
引出话题
There
are
too
many
family
rules
in
my
family.
第
2
段
说出规则
We
can’t/must/have
to…,
get
up
on
time,
make
my
bed,
go
to
school
early,
do
my
homework,
go
to
bed
before
9:00
第
3
段
发表看法
I
think
...
What
about
you?
写作实操
(
参考范文
)
My
Family
Rules
My
name
is
Bob.
There
are
many
family
rules
in
my
family.
In
the
morning,
I
must
get
up
on
time
and
make
my
bed.
After
breakfast,
I
need
to
go
to
school
early.
After
school,
the
first
thing
after
I
go
back
home
is
to
do
my
homework.
And
then
I
can
watch
TV
for
half
an
hour.
Before
9:00,
I
have
to
go
to
bed.
I
think
these
family
rules
are
good
for
me
to
develop
good
habits.
一、单项选择
My
mother
asks
me
to
the
rules
at
school.
get
B.
follow
C.
make
D.
do
—What
do
you
think
of
this
dress?
—It
so
soft
(柔软的).
sounds
B.
feels
C.
taste
D.
looks
—Why
is
Mr.
Cooper
so
his
students?
—Because
he
wants
them
to
do
well
in
math.
strict
with
B.
late
for
C.
good
at
D.
afraid
of
—Frank,
remember
_
your
hat.
—OK,
Mom.
take
B.
taking
C.
to
take
D.
to
taking
Betty
can
go
outside
_
school
nights,
but
she
must
go
back
home
9
o’clock.
(
10
)
on;
before
B.
on;
after
C.
in;
before
D.
in;
after
Tony
doesn’t
feel
relaxed
because
there
are
too
rules
in
the
school.
many
B.
much
C.
lot
of
D.
some
I
have
at
Tom’s
birthday
party.
a
fun
B.
fun
C.
funny
D.
funs
—I’m
taking
the
English
test
next
Monday.
—
With
pleasure
B.
Congratulations
C.
Nice
work
D.
Good
luck
There
are
rules
in
my
home.
We
have
homework
to
do
today.
too
many;
too
much
B.
too
much;
too
many
C.
too
many;
much
too
D.
much
too;
many
too
We
often
help
the
old
man
.
cleans
B.
cleaned
C.
to
do
some
cleaning
D.
cleaning
二、根据中文提示，完成句子
祝你好运！
！
我们上体育课必须穿运动服。
We
must
in
the
P.E.
class.
周末邦妮总是帮助妈妈洗餐具。
Bonnie
always
helps
her
mother
on
weekends.
不要说话。听这首歌。
Don’t
.
this
song。
我们在学校有更多的规则
We
have
_
at
school.
三、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
—Peter,
remember
(do)
your
homework
first
after
school.
—OK.
It’s
too
(noise)
here.
We
go
out.
You
can
(relaxing)
yourself
on
weekends.
She
learns
(
play)
the
piano
every
day.
They
are
helping
(clean)
the
city
park
now.
四、汉译英
她对自己要求特别严格。
我家有太多家规。
我妈妈要我先整理我的床铺。
我晚上
10
点以前必须上床睡觉。
在我可以看电视之前我必须先读书。
我知道你的感受。
她起床后总是先刷牙。
8.他每天练习游泳两个小时。
学生每天都得做太多的作业。
李雷经常帮我学习英语。
五、阅读理解
My
name
is
Kate.
There
are
many
rules
in
my
life.
I
think
these
rules
are
important
for
me.
At
home,
I
can’t
play
computer
games
for
more
than
(
超
过
)
half
an
hour.
I
think
it
is
good
for
my
study
because
I
can
have
more
time
to
study.
I
must
make
the
bed
after
I
get
up.
And
I
must
clean
my
room
every
day.
So
my
bedroom
is
always
clean
and
tidy.
My
mother
says
keeping
room
tidy
is
good
for
my
health.
I
study
at
Fuxing
Middle
School.
At
our
school,
we
also
have
some
rules.
We
can’t
be
late
for
school.
So
we
must
arrive
at
school
on
time.
We
must
get
to
school
before
half
past
seven
in
the
morning.
We
need
to
wear
the
school
uniform
every
day.
In
the
class,
we
have
to
be
quiet.
We
can’t
listen
to
music.
We
can’t
eat
in
the
class.
We
must
eat
in
the
dining
hall.
After
class,
we
can’t
run
in
the
hallways.
Do
you
have
rules
in
your
life?
Tell
me
about
it.
(
)
1.
What
does
Kate
think
of
the
rules
in
her
life?
Strict.
B.
Important.
C.
Terrible.
D.
Interesting.
(
)
2.
What
time
can
Kate
arrive
at
school
according
to
the
passage?
A.
At
7:35
a.m.
B.
At
7:40
a.m.
C.
At
8:00
a.m.
D.
At
7:25
a.m.
(
)
3.
How
long
can
Kate
play
computer
games
according
to
this
passage?
A.
One
and
a
half
hours.
B.
One
hour.
C.
Thirty-five
minutes.
D.
Twenty
minutes.
(
)
4.
What
can
we
know
from
the
passage?
Kate
is
a
tidy
girl.
Kate
never
follows
the
school
rules.
Kate
doesn’t
like
playing
computer
games.
Kate
has
to
be
quiet
at
home.
(
)
5.
The
best
title
for
the
passage
is
“
”.
Rules
in
Kate’s
Life
Kate’s
School
Life
Rules
at
Kate’s
Home
Kate’s
Tidy
Room
六、作文
俗话说“无规矩不能成方圆”，请你用英语至少说出你学校的至少四条校规，并谈一谈你对这些校规的看法。
不少于
60
个字（开头已给出，不计入总词数）
Different
schools
have
different
rules.
把某物忘在
leave
sth.
+
地
铺床
某地
点
词汇
遵守规则
帮助某人做
某事
阅读
太多
对某人要求
严格
写出祈使句的四种句型结构：
句型
1.
2.
Please
do
sth.
3.
4.
No
doing
sth.
写作
写出规章制度作文书写的三段式
1.引出话题
2.说出规则
3.发表看法
学生易错点整理：
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