[2021年暑假课程][八年级英语学科 第3讲 形容词的用法及其比较级和最高级]（含答案）

第3讲
形容词的用法及其比较级和最高级
入门测
(
)1.
“A
______
accident
happened
at
7:30
a.m.”
said
the
policeman
_______.
A.
serious,
serious
B.
seriously,
seriously
C.
seriously,
serious
D.
serious,
seriously
(
)2.
The
cake
smells
______.
Please
throw
it
away.
A.
good
B.
badly
C.
bad
D.
well
(
)3.
What
a
＿＿＿
cough!
You
seem
＿＿＿
ill.
A.
terrible,
terribly
B.
terribly,
terrible
C.
terrible,
terrible
D.
terribly,
terribly
(
)4.
Jim
is
＿＿＿
at
all
his
lessons.
And
I'm
sure
he'll
do
very
＿＿＿
in
the
exams.
A.
well,
good
B.
good,
well
C.
well,
well
D.
good,
good
(
)5.
---It’s
so
cold
today.
---Yes,
it’s
_______than
it
was
yesterday.
A.
more
cold
B.
more
colder
C.
much
colder
D.
cold
(
)6.
---Remember
this,
children.
____
careful
you
are,
______
mistakes
you
will
make.
---We
know,
Miss
Gao.
A.
The
more;
the
more
B.
The
fewer;
the
more
C.
The
more;
the
fewer
D.
The
less;
the
less
(
)7.
Which
lesson
is
_______,
this
one
or
that
one?
A.
difficult
B.
much
difficult
C.
more
difficult
D.
the
most
difficult
(
)8.
This
pencil
is
______
that
one.
A.
so
long
as
B.
as
longer
as
C.
longer
than
D.
not
as
longest
as
(
)9.
It’s
such
an
________
film
that
all
the
students
are
______
in
it.
A.
interesting;
interested
B.
interested;
interesting
C.
interesting;
interesting
D.
interested;
interested
(
)10.---What
does
Lucy
like
better,
singing
or
dancing?
---Singing.
of
course.
She’s
known
to
＿＿＿
it.
A.
be
good
at
B.
be
good
for
C.
be
bad
at
D.
be
bad
for
【答案】DCABC
CCCAC
情景导入
Can
you
use
about
three
sentences
to
describe
these
four
pictures
below?
学习目标
To
review
the
usage
of
the
adjectives.
To
master
the
comparative
and
superlative
degrees
of
adjectives.
Attract
students’
interest
to
English
learning.
知识精讲
形容词的用法
形容词的用法及位置
说明人或事物的特征、性质或状态,常用来修饰名词或不定代词的词叫形容
词。
(1)
作定语,放在名词之前,复合不定代词之后。
如:The
nice
girl
is
my
sister.
(2)
作表语,放在系动词之后。
如:He
looks
very
happy.?
(3)
作宾补,放在宾语之前,常与
make,
leave,
keep
等动词连用。
如:You
must
keep
your
eyes
closed.
【即学即练】
(
)1.
Paul
stayed
up
late
to
watch
the
soccer
game
last
night
and
now
he
feels
very
_____.
(2016
贵阳)
A.
sleep
B.
asleep
C.
sleepy
答案:C
形容词的顺序
当名词由两个以上的形容词(包括一些具有形容词功能的限定词)修饰时,
这些词的顺序通常遵循一定的规则,一般不得随意调换,也不能依照汉语的
意思去排列。通常可按下面的次序排列:?
限定词,包括:冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、名词所有格、数词等
(2)表示观点的描绘性形容词,如
beautiful,
fine,
interesting
等。
(3)
表示大小、长短、高低等的形容词,如
tall,
high,
small,
little,
round
等。
(4)表示年龄、新旧的形容词,如:young,
old,
new
等。
(5)
表示颜色的形容词,如
black,
white,
blue
等。
(6)
表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词,如
Japanese,
American,
English,
rural
等。
(7)
表示形成中心名词的材料的形容词,如:plastic,
silky,
wooden
等。
如:two
round
blue
plastic
plates
两个圆形的蓝色塑料盘
顺口溜:限定描绘大长高,形状年龄新和老,色国料
【即学即练】
(
)1.
Tony
missed
the
________
meeting．
A.
big
large
important
B.
big
important
large
C.
last
important
big
D.
important
large
big．
(
)2.
Many
people
consider
it
the
________
music．
A.
American
best
modern
B.
best
American
modern
C.
best
modern
American
D.
modern
American
best．
答案:C
B
形容词的名词化
某些形容词放在定冠词之后,变成名词,表示一类人,常见词有
good/
bad/,
rich/
poor,
young/
old,
black/
white
等。
如:The
young
should
be
polite
to
the
old.
【即学即练】
请将下列词语用形容词名词化翻译。
残疾人
________
病
人
________
穷
人
________
富
人
________
聋
人
________
盲
人
________
答案:
残疾人the
disabled;
病人the
sick;
穷人
the
poor；富人
the
rich；
聋人the
deaf
；盲人the
blind
常见名词变形容词的方法
名词
构成方法
意义
举例
表示天气现象的名词
-y
充满…的，
多…的
cloud-cloudy
表示方位的名词
-ern
…方位的，朝…方的
west-western
表示称谓的名词
-ly
…般的
friend-friendly
表示时间的名词
-ly
每…的
week-weekly
表示物质的名词
-en
由…制成的
wood-wooden
表示抽象意义的名词
-ful/
-y/
-less
…的/
…的/
无…的
care-careful;
luck-lucky;
hope-hopeless
表示大洲与国家的名词
-n
…的/
…人的
Asia-Asian
【即学即练】
用所给词的适当形式填空
The
girl
is
so
_________(love).
The
boy
is
very
_________(luck),
he
never
wins
anything.
If
it
isn’t
_________(rain),
we
will
go
out
and
play.
The
_________(wood)
house
is
made
by
his
father.
Many
_________(Africa)
countries
are
facing
serious
problems.
答案：1.lovely
2.unlucky
3.rainy
4.wooden
5.African
形容词的比较级和最高级
形容词比较级和最高级的构成
规则变化
类别
构成方法
原级
比较级
最高级
单音节词和少数双音节词
一般直接加-er,
-est
long
longer
longest
以不发音的e结尾时加-r,
-st
late
later
latest
以辅音字母加y结尾时把y变i，再加-er,
-est
easy
easier
easiest
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写最后的辅音字母，再加-er,
-est
big
bigger
biggest
多音节词和部分双音节词
在原级前加more,
most
careful
more
careful
most
careful
不规则变化
原级
比较级
最高级
good/well
better
best
many/
much
more
most
bad
worse
worst
old
older（年级较大的）elder（较年长的）
oldest（年级最大的）eldest（最年长的）
【即学即练】
写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级
1.
long
_____
______
2.
wide
______
_______
3.
fat
____
_____
4.
heavy____
______
5.
slow
______
_______
6.
few____
_____
7.
good
______
_______
8.
bad
____
_____
答案：1.longer
longest
2.
wider
widest
3.
fatter
fattest
4.
heavier
heaviest
5.
slower
slowest
6.
fewer
fewest
7.
better
best
8.worse
worst
2.形容词比较级的用法
①.
表示两者进行比较时用形容词比较级，其结构为“A…+比较级+than
+B”。
如：Lily’s
room
is
bigger
than
mine.
莉莉的房间比我的大。
②.
有表示程度的副词a
little,
a
bit,
a
great
deal,
a
lot,
much,
even,
still,
far等修饰形容词时，该形容词可以用比较级。
如：The
weather
of
Tianjin
is
colder
than
that
of
Guangzhou
in
winter.
冬天，天津的天气比广州的冷。
③.
表示在两者之间选择“哪一个更……”时，用句型“Which
/
Who
+
be
+
形容词比较级，A或B？”表示。
如：Who
is
taller,
Li
Ming
or
Wang
Tao?
谁比较高，李明还是王涛？
④.
表示“几倍于……”时，用“倍数+比较级+than”表示。
如：Your
room
is
three
times
bigger
than
mine.
你的房间比我的大三倍。
⑤.
表示“两者之间比较……的一个（of
the
two）”时，常用“the
+
比较级”结构。
如：Mary
is
the
taller
of
the
twins.
玛丽是双胞胎中比较高的那个。
⑥.
表示“越来越......”，用比较级重叠结构，即“比较级+and+比较级”，当形容词为多音节词或部分双音节词时，用“more
and
more
+
形容词原级”。
如：It’s
getting
warmer
and
warmer
in
spring.
春天天气变得越来越暖和。
⑦.
表示“越……越……”时，用“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构。
如：The
more,
the
better.
越多越好。
【即学即练】
(
)1.
---I
think
it's
necessary
to
learn
how
to
work
in
groups.
---I
quite
agree.
Sometimes
it's
even
________
than
grades.
A.
less
important
B.
more
important
C.
the
least
important
D.
the
most
important
(
)2.
---This
kind
of
watch
is
much
_____
today
than
last
month.
Would
you
like
to
have
one?
---Really?
I'll
take
one.
A.
the
most
expensive
B.
the
cheapest
C.
more
expensive
D.
cheaper
(
)3.
---"Food
Safety"
problem
is
becoming
_____
these
days.
---I
think
so.
The
government
must
do
something
to
deal
with
it.
A.
smaller
and
smaller
B.
worse
and
worse
C.
better
and
better
D.
nicer
and
nicer
(
)4.
The
earlier
kids
learn
to
be
independent,
the
________
it
is
for
their
future.
A.
good
B.
well
C.
better
D.
best
(
)5.
There
are
_____
sharing
bikes
in
many
cities.
So
there
will
be
______
pollution
A.
less
and
less;
more
and
more
B.
less
and
less;
fewer
and
fewer
C.
more
and
more;
less
and
less
D.
fewer
and
fewer;
less
and
less
答案:B
D
B
C
C
3.
形容词最高级的用法
①.
表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用最高级形式。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the，句末常跟一个in/of短语来表示范围。
如：Shanghai
is
the
biggest
city
in
China.
上海是中国最大的城市。
②.
表示在三者或三者以上的人或物中进行选择时，用“Which
/
Who
+
be
+
the
+
形容词最高级，A，B，or
C?”结构。
如：Which
city
is
the
most
beautiful,
Beijing,
Shanghai
or
Fuzhou?
哪座城市最漂亮，北京、上海还是福州？
③.
表示“最……的……之一”时，用“one
of
the
+
形容词最高级
+
可数名词复数”结构。
如：Jay
Zhou
is
one
of
the
most
popular
singers.
周杰伦是最受欢迎的歌手之一。
④.
形容词最高级前面可以加序数词，表示“第几最……”。
如：The
Yellow
River
is
the
second
longest
river
n
China.
黄河是中国第二长河。
⑤.
形容词最高级前面可以用形容词性物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰，此时不能再用定冠词。
如：This
is
our
best
lesson
today.
这是我们今天最好的一节课。
⑥.
形容词比较级结构可以表示最高级含义。
如：Li
Lei
is
the
tallest
student
in
his
class.
李雷是他班里最高的学生。
=
Li
Lei
is
taller
than
any
other
student
in
his
class.
李雷比班里其他任何一个学生都高。
【即学即练】
(
)1.
---Have
you
seen
the
movie
Zootopia?
---Yes,
I've
seen
it
twice.
Of
all
the
movies
I've
ever
seen,
It's
____
one.
A.
interesting
B.
more
interesting
C.
most
interesting
D.
the
most
interesting
(
)2.
She?is?the?second?_______student?in?our?class.?
A.?tall????
B.?taller????
C.?tallest?
D.
tallst
(
)3.
The?Yellow?River?is?one?of?______rivers?in?China.????
A.?long???
B.?longer???
C.?longest
D.
the?longest?
答案：D
C
D
当堂练习
一、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.
The
river
was
so
polluted
that
it
_________(actual)
caught
fire
and
burned.
2.
Bend
your
knees
slightly
and
reach
out
your
arms
like
tree
branches,
naturally
and
_______
(soft).
3.
Just
be
______________
(patience).
4.
Although
parents
should
take
_________
(well)
care
of
their
young
children,
they
don’t
______________
(necessary)
do
anything
for
them.
5.
---Do
you
like
Mary’s
new
hairstyle?
---Perfect!
How
much
________
(good)
she
looks
with
the
curly
short
hair!
6.
---Are
you
satisfied
with
the
result
of
the
exam?
---
Not
at
all.
I
can’t
have
a
________
(bad)
one.
7.
---
Lily
did
succeed
at
last!
---Yeah,
indeed,
but
she
was
_______________
(luck)
than
successful,
I
think.
8.
That
would
be
a
very
_________
(reason)
thing
to
do
in
a
big
city,
but
it
could
destroy
a
small
village
like
this.
9.
Mary
felt
__________
(please),
because
there
were
many
empty
seats
in
the
room.
10.
The
teachers
are
very
enthusiastic
and
__________
(friend)
and
the
classrooms
are
_____________
(amaze).
11.
Of
the
two
girls,
I
find
Lucy
the
_______
(clever).
12.
Gold(黄金)
is
______
(little)
useful
than
iron(铁).
13.
My
sister
is
two
years
_______
(old
)
than
I.
14.
John’s
parents
have
four
daughters,
and
she
is
the
_____
(young)
child.
15.
The
_____
(cheap)
bags
are
the
not
usually
the
best
ones.
16.
The
short
one
is
by
far
_______
expensive
of
the
five.
17.
The
boy
is
not
so
______
(interesting)
as
his
brother.
18.
Dick
sings
________
(well),
she
sings
_________(well)
than
John,
but
Mary
sings
________(well)
in
her
class.
19.
She
will
be
much
______
(happy)
in
her
mew
house.
20.
This
dress
is
______
than
that
one.(expensive)
解析1.actually
2.
softly
3.
patient
4.
good,
necessarily
5.
better
6.
worse
7.
luckier
8.
reasonable
9.
pleased
10.
friendly,
amazing
11.
cleverer
12
.less
13.older
14.youngest
15.cheapest
16.the
most
17.
interesting
18.well,better
,best
19.
happier
20.
more
expensive
二、单项选择
(
)1.
---What
do
you
think
of
the
movie??
---Great!
I
have
never
seen
a
_____
one.?
A.
good
B.
bad
C.
better
D.
worse
(
)2.
---China
is
over
5000
years
old.
It’s
one
of
______
countries
in
the
world.?
---Yes,
it
has
much
______
history
than
the
USA.?
A.
old;
long
B.
older;
longer
C.
older;
the
longest
D.
the
oldest;
longer?
(
)3.Nowadays
people
wish
to
have
______
food
than
before
as
their
life
improves.?
A.
healthy
B.
healthier
C.
healthiest
D.
the
healthiest
(
)4.
Jim
studies
better
than
Tom,
but
Tom
is
_____
and
he
has
more
friends.?
A.
friendly
B.
more
friendly?
C.
the
most
friendly
D.
most
friendly
(
)5.Our
country
is
getting
______.We
are
proud
of
it.
A.
more
and
more
strong
B.
strong
and
strong?
C.
stronger
and
stronger.
D.
more
strong
(
)6.
Jane
has
become
much____than
before.
She
can
express
herself
in
public
now.?
A.
Brave
B.
braver
C.
lazy
D.
lazier
(
)7.
Nothing
is
_____
than
keeping
trying
if
you
want
to
achieve
your
dream.?
A.
very
important
B.
more
important?
C.
the
most
important
D.
as
important
as
(
)8.
All
the
students
in
our
class
are
over
fifteen
except
Nick.
He
is
__
in
our
class.?
A.
younger
B.
older
C.
the
youngest
D.
the
oldest
(
)9.
The
hotel
is
very
old.
It’s
one
of
______
buildings
in
the
city.
A.
old
B.
older
C.
oldest
D.
the
oldest
(
)10.
Mr.
Liu
is
a
really
nice
person
---
the
________
person
I
know.
A.
nicer
B.
nicest
C.
happier
D.
happiest
(
)11.
Miho
is
___
student
because
she
was
born
later
than
anyone
else
in
her
class.?
A.
young
B.
younger
C.
the
younger
D.
the
youngest
(
)12.
Of
all
the
drinks,
tea
is
___
in
the
world.
It
has
a
history
of
about
5,000
years.?
A.
old
B.
older
C.
the
oldest
D.
very
old
(
)13.
Among
these
children,
Jim
has
______
life
and
he
lives
______.
A.
the
most
happy;
most
happily
B.
the
happiest;
most
happily
C.
the
happiest;
happiest
D.
the
happiest;
happily
(
)14.
---
How
do
you
like
the
song
Chengdu
sung
by
Zhao
Lei?
---
Oh,
I
have
never
enjoyed
a
______
one
before.
A.
worst
B.
best
C.
worse
D.
better?
(
)15.
Peter
is
_______
boy
in
our
class
and
he
often
helps
us
carry
heavy
things.
A.
strong
B.
stronger
C.
strongest
D.
the
strongest
(
)16.
---Playing
video
games
is
a
waste
of
time.
---I
can't
agree
more.
There
are
_____
meaningful
things
to
do.
A.
the
most
B.
the
least
C.
more
D.
less
(
)17.
---Roy
never
likes
junk
food.
---Neither
do
I.
That's
probably
why
I'm
becoming
____
now.
A.
healthy
and
weak
B.
healthier
and
healthier
C.
weaker
and
weaker
D.
more
and
more
healthily
(
)18.
The
talent
show
is
______
the
game
show．I
like
both.
A.
as
boring
as
B.
not
so
bored
as
C.
as
interesting
as
D.
not
so
interested
as
(
)19.
If
more
people
give
up
driving
cars，the
air
will
get
much
_____
in
a
few
years.
A.
clean
B.
cleaner
C.
the
cleaner
D.
the
cleanest
(
)20.
Their
classroom
is
as
_____
as
ours.
A.
cleaner
B.
clean
C.
the
cleanest
D.
much
cleaner
解析：CDBBC
BBCDB
DCBDD
CBCBB
三、翻译句子：
1．
本书跟那本书一样有趣。This
book
is
_____
_____
_____
that
one.
2．
你游泳没有你弟弟好。You
can’t
swim
_____
_____
_____
your
brother.
3．
今天比昨天冷的多。It
is
_____
______
today______
it
was
yesterday.
4．
这个故事比另一个有趣得多。This
story
is
_____
______
______
than
that
one.
5．
他比我大两岁。He
is
_____
______
______
than
I.
6．
这个故事不如那个有趣。This
story
is
_____
_____
_____
than
that
one.
7．
她的身体状况一天天好起来。She
is
getting
_____
______
______
every
day.
8.他对英语越来越感兴趣。He
is
becoming
______
_____
_______
_____
______
English.
9.他吃的越多，人越胖。The
more
he
eats,
the
_______
he
gets.
10.你的问题是两个中比较难的那个。Your
question
is
_______
______
______
of
two.
解析：1.
as
interesting
as
2.
As
well
as
3.much
colder
today
than
4.
Much
more
interesting
5.two
years
older
6.
Not
more
interesting
7.
Getting
better
and
better
8.
more
and
more
interested
in
9.
fatter
10.
The
more
difficult
当堂总结
今天的收获：___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
出门测
一、单项选择。
(
)1.The
population
of
the
world
in
20th
century
became
very
much
_________
than
that
in
19th.
A.
bigger
B.
larger
C.
greater
D.
more?
(
)2.
Miss
Li
is
one
of
_______
in
our
school.?
A.
a
popular
teacher
B.
more
popular
teacher?
C.
most
popular
teacher
D.
the
most
popular
teachers?
(
)3.
The
magazines
are
______
easy
that
the
children
can
read
them
well.?
A.
such
B.
so
C.
too
D.
very?
(
)4.
---Would
you
like
________
more
tea？
---Thank
you.
I've
had
________.
A.
any,
much
B.
some,
enough?
C.
some，much
D.
any,
enough?
(
)5.
I
think
basketball
is
_______.
I
like
to
watch
it.?
A.
boring
B.
bored
C.
exciting
D.
excited?
(
)6.
This
dinner
looks
_______
to
me,
and
I
like
it.?
A.
terrible
B.
good
C.
badly
D.
nicely?
(
)7.He
never
does
his
work
_______
Mary.?
A.
as
careful
as
B.
so
careful
as
C.
as
carefully
as
D.
carefully
as
二、单句改错。（只有一处错误）
1.
The
fruits
are
small
in
size,
but
juicy
and
taste.
_____________________________________________________________
We
don’t
need
to
do
so
many
homework.
Therefore,
we
have
more
time
for
after-school
activities.
_____________________________________________________________
The
teachers
here
are
kind
and
helpfully.
They
are
not
only
our
teachers
but
also
our
friends.
_____________________________________________________________
That
is
too
much
for
us,
considering
how
closely
the
houses
are.
_____________________________________________________________
I’m
always
caution
about
what
I
say
because
some
careless
remarks
are
likely
to
hurt
other’s
feelings.
___________________________________________________________
Doing
physical
exercise
is
an
effect
way
to
get
rid
of
anger.
___________________________________________________________
But
such
a
small
thing
couldn’t
possible
destroy
a
village.
___________________________________________________________
Interesting,
it
has
a
connection
with
the
British
porcelain
(瓷器)
industry.
_____________________________________________________________
解析：
一、BDBCC
BC
二、1.taste
–
tasty
2.
many
–
much
3.
helpfully
–
helpful
4.
closely
–
close
5.
caution
–
cautious
6.
effect
–
effective
7.
possible
–
possibly
8.
Interesting
-
Interestingly