中考直接引语间接引语

(共38张PPT)
宾 语从 句----------
直接引语、间接引语
主语
谓语
宾语
主语
谓语
宾语
主语
谓语
宾语
宾语从句
I know him.
I know his name.
I know he is a student.
主语
谓语
宾语
主语
谓语
宾语从句
主语
谓语
宾语
We know that we should work hard.
They believed that they would win the match.
Could you tell me who he is？
I want to know when the plane will take off.
My teacher asked me why I was late.
We don’t know if he will come today.
He told me where the accident happened.
Mike asked me how I did it.
宾
语
从
句
引导词
时态
陈述语 序
1. that : 引导陈述句，无意义，可以省略。
引导词
We know (that) we should work hard.
They believed (that) they would win the match.
2.if / whether: 引导一般疑问句，表是否。
I am not sure if / whether he will come tonight.
3.特殊疑问词：引导特殊疑问句。
Could you tell me who he is？
I want to know when the plane will take off.
My teacher asked me why I was late.
He told me where the accident happened.
Mike asked me how I did it.
that，if，whether，what，which，who，whom，whose，when，where，why，how
宾从引导词，其实很简单
若是陈述句，that或不填
一般疑问句，if和whether
特殊疑问句，特殊疑问词
陈述语序：
主句+引导词+主语+谓语
He comes from Cuba.
Does he come from Cuba
陈述句变宾语从句时，语序不变。
He is a kind man.
----- I said he was a kind man.
2. 一般疑问句变宾语从句时，语序变成陈述句，并用
if/ whether连接。
Does he study hard
------I don’t know if/ whether he studies hard.
特殊疑问句变宾语从句时，语序要用陈述语序，用特殊疑
问词连接。
Who is he
I know who he is.
-----Do you know who he is
陈述语序：
主句+引导词+主语+谓语
漳州市41
---Do you know _______going to stay in London
---No, I don’t. Maybe a few days.
A. when he is
B. how long he is
C. when is he
D. how long is he
南平市45
The new-designed car is on show now. I wonder _______.
A. how much it costs
B. how much did it cost
C. how much does it cost
3.如果宾语从句表示的是客观真理，那么不管主句是什么时态，宾语从句都用一般现在时。
The teacher told us yesterday that the moon travels round the earth.
宾语从句的时态：
1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句根据实际来判断所用时态。he will ask Jim a question tomorrow.
He says he isn’t feeling well now.
he came back last night.
2.当主句是一般过去时，宾语从句应用过去的某个时态。
He told me he would leave Chongqing soon.
He wanted to know what they were talking about.
主现从任意
主过从过意
从句是真理
主句算个P
直接引语和间接引语的转换
时态的变化
状语的变化
语序的变化
代词的变化
直接引语和间接引语的转换---时态变化
主句的谓语动词是现在时，间接引语时态不变。
Joe says, “I know your uncle.”
Joe says he knows my uncle.
2. 主句的谓语动词是过去时态，间接引语的时态要变成相应
的过去时态。
　　直接引语时态 　　间接引语时态
一般现在时
一般过去时
现在进行时
过去进行时
现在完成时
过去完成时
一般过去时
过去完成时
过去完成时
不变
一般将来时
过去将来时
can---could
will---would
shall---should
may---might
could---could
should---should
would---would
might---might
must---must
1) 一般现在时→一般过去时态；
She said: “ I am a student. ”
→ She said (that) she was a student.
2)一般将来时→过去将来时
She said, "He will go to see his friend.”
→She said he would go to see his friend。
Tom said, “ I am going to play basketball tomorrow.”
→ Tom said he was going to play basketball tomorrow.
3) 现在进行时→过去进行时；
She said ,“I am reading a book.”
→She said she was reading a book.
直接引语和间接引语的转换---时态变化
3. 当直接引语是真理或客观事实时，时态不变。
The teacher said "The earth moves around the sun .”
→ The teacher said me the earth moves around
the sun earth.
My father told me light _______much faster than sound.
is travelling
B. will travel
C. traveled
D. travels
人称的变化
口诀 　　说明 直接引语 间接引语
一
随
主
二随宾
三
不
变
引号内的第一人
称变间引后与主
句主语的人称保
持一致
引号内的第二人
称变间引后与主
句宾语的人称保
持一致
引号内的第三人
称在变间引后去人
称不变
She said,“ I like
Tennis.”
She said that she
liked tennis
He said to Lily,
“ you must get
up early”
He told Lily that
she must get up
early
She said to me ,
“ They want to
help him”
She told me that
That they wanted
help him
一随主，二随宾，三不变
Practice:
1) He said,“ My brother failed in the exam.”
He said ____brother had failed in the exam.
2) He said to Mary,“ How is your mother now ”
he asked Mary how _____mother was then.
3)My teacher said, ‘‘ she is a good student. ’’
My teacher said ____was a good student
4) He said to me,“ I’ve left her book in your room”
He told me that ___had left ___ book in ___ room.
his
her
she
he
her
my
三、如何变状语：
直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规律，
时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”
（例：now变为then, yesterday变为 the day before
today变为 that day
He said, ”I want to go swimming now. ”
→ He said he wanted to go swimming then.
地点状语，尤其表示方向性的，
here 变 there
The teacher said ,“ You should come here at 7:00.”
→The teacher said I should go there at 7:00.
指示代词修饰的状语，由“此”改为“彼”
例：this 改为that; these改those
He said, "This books is mine.“
→He said that book was his.
ago—before; this morning—that morning
Yesterday—the day before;
tomorrow—the next day
next week—the following week/the next week
Yesterday morning—the morning before
※直接引语中动词come在间接引语中用go:
※直接引语中副词here在间接引语中用there：
※直接引语中的指示代词转换规则：
this变为that; these变为those
本来就是that/those则不变。
1. “What does this word mean ” she asked me.
She asked me what word meant.
that
2. “Can you see that map on the wall ” he asked me.
He asked me if I could see map on the wall.
that
3. “Do you like these toys ” Jane asked us.
Jane asked us if we liked toys.
those
4. “Bring those balls to me.” said my sister.
My sister asked us to bring balls to her.
those
①直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导
的宾语从句。
She said, "Our bus will arrive in five minutes.“
→She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.
②直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由 whether或if引导的宾语从句.
He said, "Can you swim, John “
→He asked John if he could swim。
③直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）。
She asked me, "When do they have their dinner ”
→ She asked me when they had their dinner.
语序的变化
将下列句子改成间接引语
She said, “We are having a party now.”
She said _______ _______ _______ _______ a party _______.
Mike asked, “Can I watch TV tomorrow ”
Mike asked _______ _______ _______ _______ TV the next day.
that
they
were
having
then
if
he
could
watch
将下列句子改成间接引语
Lucy said, “I have kept this book for a week.”
Lucy said _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ book for a week.
Tom asked, “When will they come back from Beijing ”
Tom asked _______ _______ _______ _______back from Beijing.
that
she
had
kept
that
when
they
would
come
将下列句子改成间接引语
Paul asked, “Where does the old man live ”
Paul asked _______ the old man _______.
Mr. Wang asked me, “Is there a computer in your room ”
Mr. Wang asked me _______ there_______ a computer in _______ room.
where
lived
if
was
my
单项填空
1. Do you know _______ during the coming summer holiday
A. what will Tom do B. what did Tom do
C. what Tom will do D. what Tom did
2. Do you know ________ I could pass the exam
A. that B. whether C. what D. which
3. Jim doesn’t understand ____________.
A. which is the way to the museum
B. why his wife always goes shopping
C. what is the way to the museum
D. why does she always go shopping
C
B
B
4. ---Could you tell me ______ she is looking for
A. that B. whose C. who D. which
5. Mr. King didn’t know _______ yesterday evening.
A. when does his son come home
B. when his son comes home
C. when did his son come home
D. when his son came home
6. ---I’m waiting for the mail. Do you know ________ it will arrive
---Usually it comes by 4: 00.
A. how B. where C. when D. what
C
D
C
7. ---Excuse me, would you please tell me ________
---Certainly. Go straight along here. It’s next to a hospital.
A. how we can get to the post office
B. how can we get to the post office
C. how get to the post office
D. how could we get to the post office
8. ---Can I help you
---Yes. I’d like a ticket to Mount Emei. Can you tell me ______ take to get there
A. how soon will it B. how soon it will
C. how long it will D. how long will it
9. He wanted to know ___________.
A. whether he speaks at the meeting
B. when the meeting would start
C. what he’s going to do at the meeting
D. where would the meeting be held
A
C
B
1. I know (that) he ___________ (join) the League in 1985.
2. Could you tell me where he __________(mend) his bike at that time
3. I see that they ___________ (play) football over there.
4. Tell me where he ___________ (live).
5. I hear that he ____________(come) tomorrow.
joined
was mending
are playing
lives
will come
根据主句，在宾语从句中填入正确的动词时态：
6.I knew that he ___________(join) the League in 1999.
7. I wanted to know how you __________ (get) on with your classmates.
8. I wondered if he ______________(come) tomorrow.
joined
got
would come
9.Our teacher told us that light ________(go) faster than sound.
10. We all knew that the moon ________(move) round the sun.
11. It was true that there ________(be)
twelve months in a year.
goes
moves
are
将下列句子合并为一句:
1. Where do they stop on the way I asked.
2. What will you speak at the meeting Could you tell me
3. Do they like to make friends with us He asked.
I asked where they stopped on the way.
Could you tell me what you will speak at the meeting
He asked if they liked to make friends with them.
4. “ I am doing my homework.” He said.
5. “I will come back.” Tom said.
6. “Is he doing his homework ” Jim asked.
He said that he was doing his homework.
Tom said that he would come back.
Jim asked if he was doing his homework.
7. “When will he come back ” Tom asked.
8. “How can I get to the station ”
Could you tell me
9. “Why is the train late ” Would you tell me
10. “Where is Tom ” They asked.
Tom asked when he would come back.
Could you tell me how I can get to the station
Would you tell me why the train is late
They asked where Tom was.