Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet? 语法学案：现在完成时精讲精练

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
八下unit8现在完成时精讲精练
一.
现在完成时的用法
1.过去某一时间点发生的动作对现在产生影响。
2.过去某一时间点发生的动作持续
到现在或还将持续下去。
二．基本结构
have
/
has
+
done(过去分词)
常见的不规则动词：
do,
have,
go,
buy,
be动词，
read，
see,
leave,
write,
make,
sweep,
take等
三.常与现在完成时连用的标志性表达
⑴
单个词汇
1.注意：already
用于肯定句，yet
用于疑问句和否定句中
A:
______
your
brother
______
his
homework
yet?
(finish)
B:
Yes,
he
‘s
already
done
it.
答案：Has
/finished
2.注意：
ever
曾经
，
用于疑问句中；never
从不，
带有否定意义
A:
_______
you
ever
_______
to
the
park?
(
be
)B:
No,
never.
答案：Have/been
3．just:刚刚,
与现在完成时连用,
一般置句中；just
now：刚才，与一般过去时连用
I
______
just
_______
the
desk,
you
can
take
it
to
your
classroom
.
(mend
)
答案：have/mended
4.before
My
brother
never
abroad
before.
答案：has/been
⑵一段时间
4.since
后面带过去时间或有一般过去时的句子
Tom
___________
in
the
factory
since
he
left
school
ten
years
ago.
(work
)
答案：has
worked
5.
for
+
一段时间
He
has
had
the
book
for
a
week.
6.so
far
We
_______
only
____________
100
trees
so
far.
(answer
)
答案：have
worked
7.in
the
past
10
years
8.
how
long
A:
How
long
______
you
________
in
this
school?
(be)B:
For
6
years.
答案：have/been
9.
once,
twice,也可以是其他表示次数的词
He
has
seen
the
film
twice.
练习：
⑴
改写以下句子，将括号中表示时间的状语放在恰当的位置。
1.I
have
had
breakfast.(just)
2.He
has
been
in
prison.
(
for
6
months)
3.
The
police
have
not
caught
the
thief.(yet)
4.
You
have
asked
that
question
three
times.(already)
5.Have
you
been
to
Italy?(ever)
答案：
1.I
have
just
had
breakfast.
2.He
has
been
in
prison
for
6
months.
3.
The
police
have
not
caught
the
thief
yet.
4.
You
have
already
asked
that
question
three
times.
5.Have
you
ever
been
to
Italy?
⑵模仿例句，完成以下练习
对比以下两个句子：
The
bell
is
ringing.---
The
bell
has
just
rung.
1.
He
is
leaving
the
house.----
He
has
just
.
2.
He
is
having
breakfast.-----He
has
.
3.
She
is
writing
a
letter.------
.
4.
My
sister
is
turning
on
the
radio.----
.
5.
My
brother
is
making
the
bed.-----
.
6.
She
is
buying
a
new
hat.-----
.
答案：
1.
He
has
just
left
the
house.
2.
He
has
had
breakfast.
3.
She
has
written
a
letter.
4.
My
sister
has
turned
on
the
radio.
5.
My
brother
has
made
the
bed.
6.
She
has
bought
a
new
hat.
对比以下例句：
He
is
still
having
breakfast.-----He
hasn’t
had
breakfast
yet.
1.
He
is
still
washing
the
machines.-----
2.
She
is
still
making
the
bed.------
3.
He
is
still
combing
his
hair.------
4.
She
is
still
sweeping
the
floor.-----
5.
We
are
still
reading‘Macbeth’.
答案：
1.
He
hasn’t
washed
the
machines
yet.
2.
She
hasn’t
made
the
bed
yet.
3.
He
hasn’t
combed
his
hair
yet.
4.
She
hasn’t
swept
the
floor
yet.
5.
We
haven’t
read
‘Macbeth’
yet.
对比以下例句：
I’ve
already
had
lunch.-----
Have
you
had
lunch
yet?
1.
I’ve
already
seen
the
new
play
at
‘The
Globe’.-----
2.
I’ve
already
taken
my
holidays.-----
3.
I’ve
already
read
this
book.-----
4.
I’ve
already
done
my
homework.-----
5.
I’ve
already
finished
my
work.------
答案：
1.
Have
you
seen
the
new
play
at
‘The
Globe’
yet?
2.
Have
you
taken
your
holidays
yet?
3.
Have
you
read
this
book
yet?
4.
Have
you
done
your
homework
yet?
5.
Have
you
finished
your
work
yet?
四.短暂性动词转换成延续性动词
buy---have
leave----be
away
come
to---
be
in
borrow
-----
keep
go
to----
be
in
begin
----be
on
got
to-/arrive
at,in----
be
in
finish---be
over
join----be
in
die
---be
dead
get
married---
be
married
be
to/
go
to---
be
in
练习：找出下列句子中的语法错误并改正
1.My
brother
has
joined
the
army
for
five
years.
2.I
have
left
Shanghai
for
3
days.
3.I
have
borrowed
the
dictionary
since
3
days
ago
.
4.The
film
has
begun
for
10
minutes
5.The
concert
has
finished
for
half
an
hour
6.His
dog
has
died
for
two
years
.
7.
She
has
bought
the
computer
for
two
years.
8.
How
long
have
you
come
to
the
United
States？
9.
Ann
has
gone
to
China
since
three
months
ago.
答案：1.has
joined-has
been
in
2.
have
left-
have
been
away
3.have
borrowed-
have
had
4.has
begun-has
been
on
5.
has
finished-has
been
over
6.
has
died-has
been
dead
7.has
bought-
has
had
8.
have
you
come
to-
have
you
been
in
9.has
gone
to-has
been
in
五．have
been
to
V.S
have
gone
to
have
gone
to
去了某还没回来
have
been
to
去过某地已经回来,
表达人生经历，常与ever,
never,
once,
twice,连用
练习：用have/has
gone
to
或have
/has
been
to/in
填空
1.
Her
sister
_____________
Australia,
She
left
this
morning.
2.A:
Where
is
Bob
?
B:
He
____________
Japan
with
his
sister.
3.A:
How
long
____
you
_______
China?
B:
I
_________
here
for
3
years.
4.A:
_____
you
ever
________
the
city
?
B:
No
,
never
.
答案：1.
has
gone
to
;
2.has
gone
to;
3.
have
/been
in,
have
been
4.have/
been
to
六.用所给动词的适当形式填空
　　1.I____
already
____
(see)
the
film.
I
________(see)
it
last
week.
　　2.
_____
he
____(finish)
his
work
today
?
Not
yet
.
　　3.
___
you
____(be)
to
Hong
Kong
?
Yes,
I
_____
(be)
there
twice
.
　　4.
_______
the
young
woman
ever
_______(travel)
to
England?
　　5.Have
you
_______(get)
any
new
CDs?8.My
family
have
never
_______
(be)
to
Sanya.
6.I
_______
just
_______
(lose)
my
science
book.
　　7.I
have
already
_______
(read)
this
book.
　　8._________
you
ever
____(eat
)
chocolate
sundaes
?
No,
never.
　
9.____
you
____________
(find)
your
science
book
yet?
10.My
father
____
just
____
(come)
back
from
work.
He
is
tired
now.
　　11.Where's
Li
Ming
?
He
__________
(go)
to
the
teacher's
office.
　　12.Shanghai
_____
(be)
a
small
town
hundreds
of
years
ago.
Now
it
_________
(become)
a
large
city.
　　13.I
_______________
(work)
here
since
I
______________
(move)
here
in
1999.
　　14.So
far
I
_______________(make)
quite
a
few
friends
here.
15.How
long
________
the
Wangs
______________(stay)
here
?
For
two
weeks.
答案：1.have/seen/saw
2.Has/finished
3.Have/been/have
been
4.Has/traveled
5.got/been
6.
have/lost
7.
read
8.Have/eaten
9.Have/
found
10.has/come
11.has
gone
12.was/
has
become
13.
have
worked/
moved
14.have
made
15.
have
/stayed
七．
单项选择
1.?Mother?____?me?a?new?coat?yesterday,?I?_____?it?on.?It?fits?me?well.?
A.?has?made…have?tried?B.?made…have?tried?C.?has?made…tried?D.?made…tried?
2.?"?He?____?to?draw?horses?already?.""?When?____he??”.?"?Last?year.?"?
A.?learned…has?B.?learned…did?C.?has?learned…has?D.?has?learned…did?
3.?Tom?____?up?into?the?tree.?Look,?he?_____?high?up?there?!?
A.?has?got…?is?B.?has?climbed…?was?C.?got…?was?D.?climbed…?is?
4.?_____you?_____?the?text?yet???Yes,?we?_____?it?two?hours?ago.?
?A.?Did…copy…did?B.?Have…?copied…have?C.?Have…?copied…?did?D.?Did?…copy…had?
5.?"Why
?she?angry?"?"Because?he?_____?at?her?just?now.
?A.?did…?get,?shouted?B.?has…got…shouted?
C.?did…?get…?has?shouted?D.?has…got…has?shouted?
6.?_____?you?______?the?film?before???Where?____?you?_____?it???
A.?Have…?seen…?did…?see?B.?Did…see…die…watch?
C.?Have…seen…?have…?seen?D.?Did…see…have…seen?
7.?You?_____?me?waiting?for?two?hours.?I?_____?for?you?since?five.?
A.?Kept…waited?B.?have?kept…waited?
C.?kept…have?waited?D.?have?kept…have?waited?
8.?Where?_____John?_____??To?the?library.?He?_____?there?for?an?hour.?
A.?has…?been?…?has?gone?B.?has…gone…has?been?C.?did…?go…?went?D.?did…be…went?
9.?_____?the?baby?still?_____???No,?it?______?crying.
?A.?Has…?cried…?has?stopped?B.?Is…crying…stopped
?C.?Did…?cry…?stopped?D.?Is…crying…has?stopped?
10.?I?_____?the?way.?I?______?here?for?quite?many?years.?
A.?knew…?have?lived?B.?knew…?live?
C.?know…?have?lived?D.?know…?live?
11.?_____?you?ever?_____America???Yes,?I?have.?
A.?Have…?gone?to?B.?Have…?gone?in?C.?Have…?been?to?D.?Have…?been?in?
12.?My?brother?_______?college?for?over?three?years.?
A.?has?gone?to?B.?has?been?to?C.?has?been?in?D.?has?been?for?
1-5?BDACB
6-10A?DBDC?
11-12CC
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