长沙市一中2021届高三月考试卷(八)
英语
注意事项:
1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力(共两节.满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话.每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有1。秒钟的时间来何答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例:How
much
is
the
shirt?
A.
?
19.15.
B.
?9.18.
C.
?9.15.
答案是C。
1.Where
did
the
man
meet
George?
A.At
John's
house.
B.At
George’s
house.
C.At
the
man's
house.
2.Why
does
the
woman
want
to
lose
weight?
A.To
fit
into
a
dress.
B.To
find
a
husband.
C.
To
keep
fit.
3.When
will
the
party
begin?
A.
in
10
minutes.
B.
In
15
minutes.
C.
In
30
minutes.
4.What
is
the
woman
probably
doing?
A.Checking
a
project.
B.Calling
an
engineer.
C.Interviewing
somebody.
5.Why
do
the
speakers
have
to
move
this
time?
A.Because
of
a
job.
B.Because
of
the
man's
parents.
C.Because
of
their
children's
education.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分?满分22.
5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题.从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后?各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6.What
did
the
woman
lose?
A.
Her
ticket.
B.
Her
purse.
C.
Her
money.
7.Where
did
the
woman
probably
lose
it?
A.
In
the
bank.
B.
In
the
gym.
C.
In
the
shop.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.What
will
Mary
do
tomorrow?
A.Stay
at
home.
B.
Climb
a
mountain.
C.
Go
to
see
a
movie.
9.What
discount
is
available
on
Sunday
at
the
cinema?
A.
50%.
B.
30%.
C.
20%.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.
What
are
the
speakers
mainly
talking
about?
A.
Modern
technology.
B.
Environmental
problems.
C.
Industrial
development.
11.According
to
the
man,
what’s
the
problem
in
Africa?
A.
Farmland
is
turning
into
desert.
B.
The
country
needs
wood.
C.
People
are
fighting
with
each
other.
12.What's
the
possible
relationship
between
the
speakers?
A.
Boss
and
secretary.
B.
Manager
and
worker.
C.
TV
hostess
and
guest.
听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。
13.
What
is
the
man's
daytime
telephone
number?
A.
626195.
B.
646195.
C.
626159.
14.
What
is
the
man's
main
job?
A.
An
engineer.
B.
A
project
manager.
C.
A
bank
clerk.
15.
How
often
will
the
man
receive
his
statements?
A.
Daily.
B.
Weekly.
C.
Monthly.
16.
What
does
the
woman
offer
to
do
in
the
end?
A.
Set
up
the
man's
Internet
service.
B.
Give
the
man
some
additional
information.
C.
Send
the
man
to
the
Internet
company.
听第10段材料.回答第17至20题。
17.
When
were
the
miners
asked
to
leave
the
park?
A.
In
the
1960s.
B.
In
1975.
C.
In
1986.
18.
Why
are
there
so
many
animals
in
the
park?
A.Tourists
feed
them.
B.
There
are
many
plants
for
them
to
cat.
C.
The
park
is
by
the
water.
19.
What
do
we
know
about
the
two
trips?
A.Tourists
must
pay
$
50.
B.They
are
both
along
the
water.
C.
Tourists
must
be
accompanied
by
a
guide.
20.What
is
the
main
attitude
toward
tourism
in
the
park?
A.
It
should
be
totally
discouraged.
B.
It
should
be
cautiously
welcomed.
C
It
should
be
celebrated
by
everyone.
第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小如每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The
Grand
Palace
If
there
is
one
must-see
sight
without
which
no
visit
to
Bangkok
would
be
complete,
it
s
the
spectacular
Grand
Palace,
undoubtedly
the
city’s
most
famous
landmark.
Built
in
1782
and
for
150
years
the
home
of
the
Thai
King,
the
Royal
court
and
the
administrative
seat
of
government,
the
Grand
Palace
of
Bangkok
continues
to
have
visitors
in
awe
of
its
beautiful
architecture
and
complicated
details,
which
is
a
proud
salute
(致敬)
to
the
creativity
and
craftsmanship
of
Thai
people.
Within
its
walls
were
also
the
Thai
war
ministry,
the
state
departments,
and
even
the
mint
(铸币厂).
Today,
the
complex
remains
the
spiritual
heart
of
the
Thai
Kingdom.
Important
Notes
about
the
Grand
Palace
A
strict
dress
code
applies.
The
Grand
Palace
with
the
Temple
of
the
Emerald
Buddha
is
Thailand’s
most
sacred
site.
Visitors
must
be
properly
dressed
before
being
allowed
entry
to
the
temple.
Men
must
wear
long
pants
and
shirts
with
sleeves
(no
lank
lops).
If
you’re
wearing
sandals
or
flip-flops
you
must
wear
socks,
in
other
words,
no
bare
feet.
Women
must
be
similarly
modestly
dressed.
No
see-through
clothes,
bare
shoulders,
etc.
If
you
show
up
at
the
front
gate
improperly
dressed,
there
is
a
booth
near
the
entrance
that
can
provide
clothes
to
cover
you
up
properly
(a
deposit
is
required).
Opening
Hours:
Daily
8:30-15:30
Location:
Na
Phra
Lan
Road,
Old
City
(Rattanakosin)
Price
Range:
Tickets
sold
from
8:30-15:30
and
cost
500
baht!
One
ticket
includes
entry
to
Vimanmek
Palace
and
Abhisek
Dusit
Throne
Hall.
1.
What
makes
the
Grand
Palace
an
important
landmark?
A.
Its
convenient
location.
B.
Its
cheap
price
of
the
tickets.
C.
Its
excellent
guides
and
service.
D.
Its
splendid
history
and
architecture.
2.
Who
can
be
allowed
to
enter
the
Grand
Palace?
A.
Edward
wearing
shorts
and
sandals.
B.
Cathy
wearing
a
T-shirt
and
a
short
skirt.
C.
Tom
wearing
a
sweater,
jeans
and
sports
shoes.
D.
Anne
wearing
a
long
dress
with
bare
shoulders.
3.
What
can
we
learn
from
the
text?
A.
Visitors
can
enter
the
Grand
Palace
every
day.
B.
The
Grand
Palace
has
nothing
to
do
with
the
Thai
King.
C.
Clothes
for
improperly
dressed
people
are
sold
at
the
gate.
D.
You
can’t
visit
Abhisek
Dusit
Throne
Hall
with
your
ticket.
B
In
summer
2007,
I
joined
the
British
Red
Cross
at
15.
After
several
days
of
training.
I
was
attending
my
first
event
as
a
fully
qualified
Red
Cross
volunteer.
Our
team
was
providing
medical
cover
for
a
large
martial
arts
grading
event.
Although
I'd
passed
my
first
aid
course
with
flying
colours,
I
was
nervous
before
the
event
began.
There's
quite
a
difference
between
the
classroom
and
the
real
thing!
Two
experienced
adult
volunteers
would
be
working
with
me
for
the
day.
Rosie
was
taking
part
in
the
under-16s
event.
This
was
supposed
to
be
non-contact,
and
she
was
wearing
full
protective
clothing
just
in
case.
All
these
precautions
didn't
help,
however,
when
her
competitor
misjudged
a
move
and
delivered
a
violent
blow
to
her
head.
“Guys,
we
need
some
help
over
here!”
Over
we
went,
all
three
of
us
carrying
various
bits
of
kit.
Rosie
was
lying
on
the
ground.
As
we
approached
we
could
see
she
was
conscious.
Brian,
my
colleague
took
the
lead.
“Hey
there,
stay
nice
and
still
for
me.
Chris
here
is
just
going
to
hold
your
head.
Don't
worry;
it's
just
a
precaution.”
I
helped,
painfully
aware
that
hundreds
of
sets
of
eyes
were
following
our
every
move.
However
I
soon
forgot
all
about
this
as
I
focused
on
the
task
at
hand.
Rosie
was
complaining
of
pain
in
her
neck.
These
are
all
classic
signs
of
a
possible
spinal
injury.
Quickly,
Brian
found
there
were
no
other
injuries
and
an
ambulance
was
called.
I
was
still
holding
her
head
and
doing
my
best
to
comfort
her.
The
doctors
arrived
and
we
put
Rosie
carefully
into
the
ambulance
for
a
trip
to
hospital.
Then
we
went
back
to
the
first
aid
post
quickly.
Ten
years
on
I've
met
many
more
people
like
Rosie—in
need
of
help.
I've
moved
on
from
being
a
trainee
to
a
trainer,
from
an
inexperienced
first
aider
to
being
part
of
an
emergency
ambulance
team.
When
a
call
comes
in,
that
slight
feeling
of
nervousness
is
still
there.
However,
so
is
the
feeling
of
making
a
difference,
being
there
during
a
painful
moment
in
someone's
life.
4.
What
does
the
underlined
part
“with
flying
colours”
probably
mean?
A.
Slowly.
B.
Successfully.
C.
Poorly.
D.
Carefully.
5.
How
was
Rosie
injured?
A.
She
was
hit
by
mistake.
B.
She
made
a
wrong
move.
C.
She
didn't
take
precautions.
D.
She
was
not
herself
and
fell.
6
How
did
the
author
help
Rosie?
A.
She
took
her
to
hospital.
B.
She
held
her
head
and
calmed
her.
C.
She
checked
her
injuries.
D.
She
did
something
for
her
pain.
7.
What
do
we
know
about
the
author
now?
A.
She
often
receives
first
aid
training.
B.
She's
working
as
a
professional
doctor.
C.
She
feels
a
sense
of
achievement
about
her
work.
D.
She's
no
longer
nervous
when
performing
first
aid.
C
With
a
quick
movement,
the
little
creature
vanishes
in
the
air
like
it
never
existed
and
somehow
appears
dramatically-this
is
a
part
of
the
film
Fantastic
Beasts
and
Where
to
Find
Them.
But
in
reality,
“disappeared”
fantastic
creatures
can
also
reappear.
The
Global
Wildlife
Conservation(GWC)
announced
on
Oct
30
they
have
rediscovered
the
Voeltzkow's
chameleon(变色龙)in
Madagascar.
The
last
time
that
the
animal
was
seen
was
in
1913.
This
discovery
excited
the
research
team,
but
the
finding
was
not
easy.
The
GWC
organized
an
expedition
as
part
of
its
Search
for
Lost
Species
program,
an
attempt
to
rediscover
species
that
have
not
been
observed
by
scientists
for
at
least
a
decade.
They
headed
into
the
forests
of
northwestern
Madagascar
in
April
2018.
But
they
didn't
have
much
luck
for
a
long
time.
Just
days
before
the
trip
was
to
end.
the
tour
guides
spotted
one
of
the
chameleons.
Ultimately,
the
team
discovered
three
males
and
13
females.
Male
Voeltzkow's
chameleons
are
up
to
164
millimeters
long
and
arc
light
green
with
dark
stripes,
which
get
darker
when
they
are
angry
or
stressed.
Females
arc
smaller
than
males,
growing
to
about
150
millimeters
long.
They
can
change
their
skin
to
a
pattern
of
red
dots
and
a
stripe
of
purple
against
a
background
of
black
and
white.
“The
Voeltzkow's
chameleon
adds
color
and
beauty
to
the
planet,
and
reminds
us
that
even
when
all
seems
lost,
a
great
adventure
can
reawaken
hope."
said
Don
Church,
president
of
the
GWC.
"Now
we
have
so
much
to
learn
about
this
extraordinary
reptile(爬行动物)?
including
how
we
can
best
save
it
from
extinction.”
This
isn't
the
only
time
a
species
thought
to
be
extinct
has
been
rediscovered.
In
fact,
this
year
scientists
discovered
a
frog
that
has
been
missing
for
more
than
50
years
in
a
Brazilian
jungle.
Another
example
is
the
Albany
adder
snake,
which
was
rediscovered
in
2016.
The
species
had
disappeared
for
over
a
decade
and
was
generally
believed
to
be
extinct.
So
how
are
these
"lost"
species
able
to
make
a
comeback?
If
the
environment
changes
in
favor
of
certain
species
that
have
been
considered
extinct,
the
population
size
of
those
species
may
recover
again.
As
they
reach
greater
numbers,
the
chance
of
humans
discovering
them
increases.
8.
Why
is
the
part
of
Fantastic
Beasts
and
Where
to
Find
Them
mentioned?
A.
To
lead
to
a
discussion
about
animal
extinction.
B.
To
warn
of
the
difference
between
reality
and
fiction.
C.
To
demonstrate
that
magic
can
be
found
in
real
life.
D.
To
further
discuss
the
reappearance
of
creatures.
9
What
does
Paragraph
3
mainly
talk
about?
A.
How
luck
determined
the
fate
of
a
lost
species.
B.
How
the
GWC
rediscovered
the
Voeltzkow's
chameleon.
C.
An
introduction
to
the
Search
for
Lost
Species
program.
D.
The
solutions
to
make
“lost"
species
come
back.
10.
What
can
we
know
about
the
Voeltzkow's
chameleon?
A.
They
can
change
their
colors
to
green
and
yellow.
B.
Female
chameleons
are
much
longer
than
male
ones.
C.
The
color
of
the
males'
skin
can
reflect
their
mood.
D.
Male
chameleons
outnumber
female
ones
by
a
lot.
11.
What
can
be
concluded
from
the
last
two
paragraphs?
A.
The
rediscoveries
may
be
due
to
environmental
changes.
B.
The
habitats
of
frogs
and
snakes
arc
quite
similar.
C.
Human
beings
are
to
blame
for
species
extinction.
D.
Extinct
reptiles
would
be
the
first
group
to
be
rediscovered.
D
Video
calls
are
a
common
occurrence,
but
have
you
imagined
being
able
to
touch
the
person
on
the
other
end
of
the
line?
Scientists
are
making
this
a
reality.
Researchers
at
the
University
of
New
South
Wales,
Australia,
have
invented
a
soft
skin
stretch
device
(SSD),
a
haptic
(触觉的)
device
that
can
recreate
the
sense
of
touch.
Haptic
technology
mimics
(模仿)
the
experience
of
touch
by
stimulating
small
areas
of
the
skin
in
ways
that
are
similar
to
what
is
felt
in
the
real
world,
through
force,
vibration
(震动)
or
motion.
Vibration
is
the
most
common
haptic
technology
today
and
has
been
built
into
many
electronic
devices,
such
as
one
attached
to
the
back
of
a
trackpad
(触控板)
in
laptops,
which
mimics
a
button
clicking.
However,
haptic
feedback
with
vibration
becomes
less
sensitive
when
used
continuously.
The
existing
technology
also
has
great
difficulty
recreating
the
sense
of
touch
with
objects
in
virtual
environments
or
located
remotely,
according
to
Mai
Thanh
Thai,
lead
author
of
the
study.
The
new
technology
overcomes
issues
with
existing
haptic
devices.
The
research
team
introduced
a
novel
method
to
recreate
the
sense
of
touch
through
soft,
artificial
“muscles”.
“Our
three-way
directional
skin
stretch
device,
built
into
the
fingertips
of
the
wearable
haptic
glove
we
also
created,
is
like
wearing
a
second
skin
—
it’s
soft,
stretchable
and
mimics
the
sense
of
touch
—
and
will
enable
new
forms
of
haptic
communication
to
enhance
everyday
activities,”
said
Thanh
Nho
Do,
senior
author
of
the
study.
It
works
like
this:
Imagine
you
are
at
home
and
you
call
your
friend
who
is
in
Australia.
You
wear
a
haptic
glove
with
the
SSDs
and
your
friend
also
wears
a
glove
with
integrated
(集成的)
3D
force
sensors.
If
your
friend
picks
up
an
object,
it
will
physically
press
against
your
friend’s
fingers.
And
his/her
glove
with
3D
force
sensors
will
measure
these
interactions.
The
force
signals
can
be
sent
to
your
glove
so
your
device
will
generate
the
same
3D
forces,
making
you
experience
the
same
sense
of
touch
as
your
friend.
The
haptic
devices
could
be
applied
in
various
scenarios,
allowing
users
to
feel
objects
inside
a
virtual
world
or
at
a
distance.
This
could
be
especially
beneficial
during
such
times
like
the
COVID-19
pandemic
when
people
rely
on
video
calls
to
stay
connected
with
loved
ones.
Or
it
could
be
used
in
medical
practices.
Doctors
can
feel
a
patient’s
organ
tissues
with
surgical
tools
without
touching
them.
12.
What’s
the
main
purpose
of
the
text?
A.
To
encourage
the
use
of
a
new
product.
B.
To
inform
readers
of
a
new
invention.
C.
To
compare
different
haptic
devices.
D.
To
introduce
the
development
of
haptic
technology.
13.
What
can
we
learn
about
the
SSD?
A.
It
mimics
the
sense
of
touch
through
a
trackpad.
B
It
mainly
uses
vibration
technology.
C.
It
takes
the
shape
of
a
glove.
D.
It
makes
virtual
haptic
communication
possible.
14.
What
does
Paragraph
6
mainly
talk
about?
A.
The
advantages
of
the
new
haptic
glove.
B.
The
applications
of
the
new
haptic
technology.
C.
An
explanation
of
how
the
haptic
device
works.
D.
A
personal
experience
of
using
SSDs
during
a
video
call.
15.
How
could
the
new
haptic
device
benefit
people?
A.
It
could
replace
video
calls
as
a
way
to
communicate.
B.
it
could
be
used
for
recreating
organ
tissues.
C.
Doctors
could
perform
surgeries
at
once.
D.
Users
could
feel
remote
objects
in
a
realistic
way.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文.从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Do
Americans
have
any
morals?
That's
a
good
question.
Many
people
insist
that
ideas
about
right
and
wrong
are
merely
personal
opinions.
Some
voices,
though,
are
calling
Americans
back
to
traditional
moral
values.
William
J.
Bennett.
former
U.
S.
Secretary
of
Education,
edited
The
Book
of
Virtues
in
1993
to
do
just
that.___16___The
success
of
Bennett's
book
shows
that
many
Americans
still
believe
in
moral
values.
But
what
are
they?
One
of
the
most
basic
moral
values
for
Americans
is
honesty.
The
well-known
legend
about
George
Washington
and
the
cherry
tree
teaches
this
value
clearly.
In
the
story,
instead
of
punishment,
George
received
praise
for
not
lying
but
telling
the
truth
that
he
cut
down
his
father's
favorite
cherry
tree.
Sometimes
American
honesty—being
open
and
direct—can
offend
people.___17___
Another
virtue
Americans
respect
is
perseverance.
Remember
Aesop's
Fables
(伊索寓言)
about
the
turtle
and
the
rabbit
that
had
a
race?___18___But
the
turtle
finally
won
because
he
did
not
give
up.
___19___The
story
of
“The
Good
Samaritan(撒马利亚人)"
from
the
Bible
describes
a
man
who
showed
compassion.
On
his
way
to
a
certain
city,
a
Samaritan
man.
instead
of
just
passing
by.
stopped
to
help
a
poor
traveler
lying
on
the
road
who
was
beaten
and
robbed.
In
no
way
can
this
brief
description
cover
all
the
moral
values
honored
by
Americans.
Courage,
responsibility,
loyalty,
gratitude
and
many
others
could
be
discussed.
In
fact,
Bennett's
bestseller—over
800
pages—highlights
just
10
virtues.
Even
Bennett
admits
that
he
has
only
scratched
the
surface.
But
no
matter
how
long
or
short
the
list,
moral
values
are
invaluable.___20___
A.
But
this
virtuous
attitude
is
hardly
one
of
them.
B.
Compassion(同情心)
is
a
desire
within
us
to
help
others.
C.
The
rabbit
thought
he
could
win
easily,
so
he
took
a
nap.
D.
Compassion
may
be
the
queen
of
American
virtues.
E.
But
Americans
still
believe
that
"honesty
is
the
best
policy”.
F.
They
are
the
foundation
of
American
culture—and
any
culture.
G.
Bennett
suggests
that
great
moral
stories
can
build
character.
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A
daughter
complained
to
her
father
about
her
life
and
how
things
were
so
hard
for
her.
She
did
not
know
how
to
___21___
and
want
to
give
up.
It
seemed
as
one
problem
was
solved.
a
new
one___22___.
Her
father
took
her
to
the
kitchen.
He
filled
three
pots
with
water
and
placed
each
on
a
high
fire.
Soon
the
pots
came
to
a(n)___23___
.
In
one
he
placed
carrots,
the
second
eggs,
and
the
last
ground
coffee
beans.
He
let
them
___24___
and
boil,
without
saying
a
word.
The
daughter
sucked
her
teeth
and
impatiently
waited.
In
about
twenty
minutes
he
turned
off
the
___25___
.
He
fished
the
carrots
out
and
placed
them
in
a
bowl.
He
pulled
the
eggs
out
and
placed
them
in
a
bowl.
Then
he___26___
the
coffee
out
and
placed
it
in
a
mug.
Turning
to
her
he
asked,
"Darling,
what
do
you
see?”
“Carrots,
eggs,
and
coffee."
she
replied.
He
brought
her
closer
and
asked
her
to___27___the
carrots,
she
did
and
noted
that
they
were
soft.
He
then
asked
her
to
take
an
egg
and
break
it.
After
___28___
the
egg,
she
observed
the
hard-boiled
egg.
Finally,
he
asked
her
to
sip
the
coffee.
She
___29___
,
as
she
tasted
its
rich
fragrance.
“What
does
it
mean.
Father?”
she
asked.
He
explained
that
each
of
them
had
faced
the
same____30____boiling
water,
but
each
reacted____31____.The
carrot
went
in
strong,
and
hard.
But
after
being
subjected
(to
the
boiling
water,
it
softened
and
became
weak.
The
egg
had
been
____32____.
Its
thin
outer
shell
had
protected
its
liquid
interior,
but
after
sitting____33____
the
boiling
water,
its
inside
became
hardened.
The
ground
coffee
beans
were
____34____,however.
After
they
were
in
the
boiling
water,
they
had
changed
the
water.
“Which
are
you?”
he
asked
his
daughter.
When
adversity
(逆境)
knocks
on
your
door,
how
do
you____35____?
Are
you
a
carrot,
an
egg
or
a
coffee
bean?
21.
A.
make
it
B.
catch
it
C.
make
up
D.
catch
up
22.
A.
mattered
B.
arose
C.
boosted
D.
ceased
23.
A.
boil
B.
pause
C.
end
D.
stop
24.
A.
stand
B.
fall
C.
sit
D.
jump
25.
A.
water
B.
light
C.
tap
D.
burners
26.
A.
brought
B.
cleared
C.
spooned
D.
carried
27.
A.
roast
B.
feel
C.
squeeze
D.
smell
28.
A.
shelling
B.
covering
C.
frying
D.
laying
29.
A.
cried
B.
sniffed
C.
smiled
D.
complained
30.
A.
adversity
B.
dilemma
C.
thing
D.
occasion
31.
A.
fiercely
B.
calmly
C.
commonly
D.
differently
32.
A.
soft
B.
fragile
C.
weak
D.
strong
33.
A.
through
B.
over
C.
in
D.
front
34.
A.
similar
B.
usual
C.
original
D.
unique
35.
A.
avoid
B.
answer
C.
reflect
D.
respond
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分.满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Katherine
Johnson
Dies
at
101；
Mathematician
Broke
Barriers
at
NASA
They
asked
Katherine
Johnson
for
the
moon,
and
she
gave
it
to
them.
___36___
(use)
little
more
than
a
pencil,
a
slide
rule
and
one
of
the
finest
mathematical
minds
in
the
country,
Mrs.
Johnson,
who
died
at
101
on
Monday,
calculated
the
precise
trajectories(轨道)that
would
let
Apollo
11
land
on
the
moon
in
1969
and,
after
Neil
Armstrong's
history-making
moonwalk,
___37___(let)
it
return
to
Earth.
Yet
throughout
Mrs.
Johnson's
33
years
in
NASA
and
for
___38___
(decade)
afterward,
almost
no
one
knew
her
name.
Mrs.
Johnson
was
one
of
several
hundred
strictly
educated,
extremely
capable
yet
largely
___39___
(mention)
women
who
are
well
before
the
modern
feminist
movement.
worked
as
NASA
mathematicians.
But
___40___was
not
only
her
sex
that
kept
her
long
marginalized
and
long
unsung.
For
some
years
at
midcentury,
the
black
women
worked
as
"computers”
___41___
were
subjected
to
a
double
segregation(隔离歧视):They___42___
(keep)
separate
from
the
much
___43___(large)
group
of
white
women
who
in
turn
were
segregated
from
the
agency's
male
mathematicians
and
engineers.
In
old
age.
Mrs.
Johnson
became
___44___
most
celebrated
of
the
small
excellent
group
of
black
women
who
at
midcentury
served___45___
mathematicians
for
the
space
agency.
Their
story
was
told
in
the
2016
Hollywood
film
"Hidden
Figures”,
which
was
nominated
for
three
Oscars,
including
Best
Picture.
第四部分写作(共两节.满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46.
假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter生日将至，他喜欢中国文化，生肖属牛。为此你绘制一幅国画“拓荒牛”送给他，并随画给他写了一封邮件。其内容如下：
1表达生日祝福；
2.说明礼物含义。
注意:1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇:拓荒牛the
pioneering
ox
第二节(满分23分)
47.
阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。
Mr.
Taylor
checked
again:
water,
food,
bandage,
medicines,
a
compass,
and
a
map
wrapped
in
plastic...
Bingo!
He
put
all
that
he
prepared
for
the
coming
hiking
into
his
backpack.
Mr.
Taylor
was
fond
of
hiking,
this
time
in
particular,
for
it
was
the
first
time
for
him
to
hike
with
his
two
sons,
Harry
and
Joel.
Joel
liked
reading
books
about
explorers
and
Harry
joined
the
hiking
club
in
his
school
this
term.
“It
will
be
an
unforgettable
experience,
definitely.”
he
whispered
to
himself,
unconsciously
a
smile
spreading
over
his
face.
Harry
and
Joel,
however,
argued
for
the
first
three
miles
of
their
hiking
trip.
Harry
accused
Joel
of
wearing
smelly
old
shoes.
Joel
blamed
Harry
for
using
all
of
the
bug
spray(喷雾防虫剂).
Harry
told
Joel
he
smelled
terrible.
Joel
called
Harry
a
coward(懦夫).
“Will
the
two
of
you
just
quiet
down
and
enjoy
our
hike
together?”
their
father
said.
“You’re
missing
all
of
the
beautiful
scenery!”
It
was
true.
Neither
Joel
nor
Harry
had
taken
notice
of
the
bear
their
father
had
spied
at
the
start
of
their
trip.
They
hadn’t
looked
up
at
the
eagle
he
pointed
out
overhead.
Worst
of
all,
they
hadn’t
paid
any
attention
to
the
turns
and
twists
along
the
way
while
they
continued
their
argument.
“Joel
threw
a
stick
at
me!”
Harry
screamed.
“That’s
not
true!”
Joel
shouted
back.
Mr.
Taylor
could
no
longer
contain
his
anger.
“And
both
of
you
need
to
stop
arguing!”
he
erupted.
As
he
turned
to
face
them,
his
left
foot
caught
on
a
root.
He
slipped
backward
and
down
muddy
bank,
falling
into
the
river
that
ran
alongside
the
path.
Harry
and
Joel
raced
to
their
father’s
assistance.
They
helped
him
up
out
of
the
water,
and
then
dragged
his
wet
backpack
up
onto
land.
Fortunately,
their
wet-through
father
found
himself
just
slightly
injured.
注意:
1.
所续写短文的词数应为
150
左右；
2.
至少使用
5
个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3.
续写部分分为两段,
每段的开头语已为你写好；
4.
续写完成后,
请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph
1:
But
his
glasses
came
off
when
he
fell
in
the
water.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph
2:
”Just
calm
down.”
Mr.
Taylor
shouted,
“Without
my
glasses,
we
need
to
work
together
to
find
our
way.长沙市一中2021届高三月考试卷(八)
英语
注意事项:
1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力(共两节.满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话.每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有1。秒钟的时间来何答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例:How
much
is
the
shirt?
A.
?
19.15.
B.
?9.18.
C.
?9.15.
答案是C。
1Where
did
the
man
meet
George?
A.At
John's
house.
B.At
George’s
house.
C.At
the
man's
house.
2.Why
does
the
woman
want
to
lose
weight?
A.To
fit
into
a
dress.
B.To
find
a
husband.
C.
To
keep
fit.
3.When
will
the
party
begin?
A.
in
10
minutes.
B.
In
15
minutes.
C.
In
30
minutes.
4.What
is
the
woman
probably
doing?
A.Checking
a
project.
B.Calling
an
engineer.
C.Interviewing
somebody.
5.Why
do
the
speakers
have
to
move
this
time?
A.Because
of
a
job.
B.Because
of
the
man's
parents.
C.Because
of
their
children's
education.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分?满分22.
5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题.从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后?各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6.What
did
the
woman
lose?
A.
Her
ticket.
B.
Her
purse.
C.
Her
money.
7.Where
did
the
woman
probably
lose
it?
A.
In
the
bank.
B.
In
the
gym.
C.
In
the
shop.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.What
will
Mary
do
tomorrow?
A.Stay
at
home.
B.
Climb
a
mountain.
C.
Go
to
see
a
movie.
9.What
discount
is
available
on
Sunday
at
the
cinema?
A.
50%.
B.
30%.
C.
20%.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.
What
are
the
speakers
mainly
talking
about?
A.
Modern
technology.
B.
Environmental
problems.
C.
Industrial
development.
11.According
to
the
man,
what’s
the
problem
in
Africa?
A.
Farmland
is
turning
into
desert.
B.
The
country
needs
wood.
C.
People
are
fighting
with
each
other.
12.What's
the
possible
relationship
between
the
speakers?
A.
Boss
and
secretary.
B.
Manager
and
worker.
C.
TV
hostess
and
guest.
听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。
13.
What
is
the
man's
daytime
telephone
number?
A.
626195.
B.
646195.
C.
626159.
14.
What
is
the
man's
main
job?
A.
An
engineer.
B.
A
project
manager.
C.
A
bank
clerk.
15.
How
often
will
the
man
receive
his
statements?
A.
Daily.
B.
Weekly.
C.
Monthly.
16.
What
does
the
woman
offer
to
do
in
the
end?
A.
Set
up
the
man's
Internet
service.
B.
Give
the
man
some
additional
information.
C.
Send
the
man
to
the
Internet
company.
听第10段材料.回答第17至20题。
17.
When
were
the
miners
asked
to
leave
the
park?
A.
In
the
1960s.
B.
In
1975.
C.
In
1986.
18.
Why
are
there
so
many
animals
in
the
park?
A.Tourists
feed
them.
B.
There
are
many
plants
for
them
to
cat.
C.
The
park
is
by
the
water.
19.
What
do
we
know
about
the
two
trips?
A.Tourists
must
pay
$
50.
B.They
are
both
along
the
water.
C
Tourists
must
be
accompanied
by
a
guide.
20.What
is
the
main
attitude
toward
tourism
in
the
park?
A.
It
should
be
totally
discouraged.
B.
It
should
be
cautiously
welcomed.
C.
It
should
be
celebrated
by
everyone.
第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小如每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The
Grand
Palace
If
there
is
one
must-see
sight
without
which
no
visit
to
Bangkok
would
be
complete,
it
s
the
spectacular
Grand
Palace,
undoubtedly
the
city’s
most
famous
landmark.
Built
in
1782
and
for
150
years
the
home
of
the
Thai
King,
the
Royal
court
and
the
administrative
seat
of
government,
the
Grand
Palace
of
Bangkok
continues
to
have
visitors
in
awe
of
its
beautiful
architecture
and
complicated
details,
which
is
a
proud
salute
(致敬)
to
the
creativity
and
craftsmanship
of
Thai
people.
Within
its
walls
were
also
the
Thai
war
ministry,
the
state
departments,
and
even
the
mint
(铸币厂).
Today,
the
complex
remains
the
spiritual
heart
of
the
Thai
Kingdom.
Important
Notes
about
the
Grand
Palace
A
strict
dress
code
applies.
The
Grand
Palace
with
the
Temple
of
the
Emerald
Buddha
is
Thailand’s
most
sacred
site.
Visitors
must
be
properly
dressed
before
being
allowed
entry
to
the
temple.
Men
must
wear
long
pants
and
shirts
with
sleeves
(no
lank
lops).
If
you’re
wearing
sandals
or
flip-flops
you
must
wear
socks,
in
other
words,
no
bare
feet.
Women
must
be
similarly
modestly
dressed.
No
see-through
clothes,
bare
shoulders,
etc.
If
you
show
up
at
the
front
gate
improperly
dressed,
there
is
a
booth
near
the
entrance
that
can
provide
clothes
to
cover
you
up
properly
(a
deposit
is
required).
Opening
Hours:
Daily
8:30-15:30
Location:
Na
Phra
Lan
Road,
Old
City
(Rattanakosin)
Price
Range:
Tickets
sold
from
8:30-15:30
and
cost
500
baht!
One
ticket
includes
entry
to
Vimanmek
Palace
and
Abhisek
Dusit
Throne
Hall.
1.
What
makes
the
Grand
Palace
an
important
landmark?
A.
Its
convenient
location.
B.
Its
cheap
price
of
the
tickets.
C.
Its
excellent
guides
and
service.
D.
Its
splendid
history
and
architecture.
2.
Who
can
be
allowed
to
enter
the
Grand
Palace?
A.
Edward
wearing
shorts
and
sandals.
B.
Cathy
wearing
a
T-shirt
and
a
short
skirt.
C.
Tom
wearing
a
sweater,
jeans
and
sports
shoes.
D.
Anne
wearing
a
long
dress
with
bare
shoulders.
3.
What
can
we
learn
from
the
text?
A.
Visitors
can
enter
the
Grand
Palace
every
day.
B.
The
Grand
Palace
has
nothing
to
do
with
the
Thai
King.
C.
Clothes
for
improperly
dressed
people
are
sold
at
the
gate.
D.
You
can’t
visit
Abhisek
Dusit
Throne
Hall
with
your
ticket.
【答案】1.
D
2.
C
3.
A
【解析】
【分析】本文主要介绍了坐落于泰国首都曼谷的大皇宫是游客们应该观看的一个景点。作者对大皇宫所在的地点、游览注意事项、开放时间以及票价进行了详细的说明。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中Built
in
1782
and
for
150
years
the
home
of
the
Thai
King,the
Royal
court
and
the
administrative
seat
of
government,the
Grand
Palace
of
Bangkok
continues
to
have
visitors
in
awe
of
its
beautiful
architecture
and
complicated
details,
which
is
a
proud
salute（致敬）to
the
creativity
and
creativity
and
craftsmanship
of
Thai
people.
可知，大皇宫成为重要的地标建筑是因为它辉煌的历史和精巧的建筑，故选D。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中Visitors
must
be
properly
dressed
before
being
allowed
entry
to
the
temple.
Men
must
wear
long
pants
and
shirts
with
sleeves
(no
tank
lops).
If
you’re
wearing
sandals
or
flip-flops
you
must
wear
socks,
in
other
words,
no
bare
feet.
Women
must
be
similarly
modestly
dressed.
No
see-through
clothes,
bare
shoulders,
etc.可知，穿戴适当的人才被允许进入神殿。规定必须穿长裤，所以A、B排除，规定必须穿戴袖子的衬衫，所以排除D，选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据Opening
Hours:
Daily
8:30-15:30可推断出，游客们每天都可以进入大皇宫参观，故选A。
B
In
summer
2007,
I
joined
the
British
Red
Cross
at
15.
After
several
days
of
training.
I
was
attending
my
first
event
as
a
fully
qualified
Red
Cross
volunteer.
Our
team
was
providing
medical
cover
for
a
large
martial
arts
grading
event.
Although
I'd
passed
my
first
aid
course
with
flying
colours,
I
was
nervous
before
the
event
began.
There's
quite
a
difference
between
the
classroom
and
the
real
thing!
Two
experienced
adult
volunteers
would
be
working
with
me
for
the
day.
Rosie
was
taking
part
in
the
under-16s
event.
This
was
supposed
to
be
non-contact,
and
she
was
wearing
full
protective
clothing
just
in
case.
All
these
precautions
didn't
help,
however,
when
her
competitor
misjudged
a
move
and
delivered
a
violent
blow
to
her
head.
“Guys,
we
need
some
help
over
here!”
Over
we
went,
all
three
of
us
carrying
various
bits
of
kit.
Rosie
was
lying
on
the
ground.
As
we
approached
we
could
see
she
was
conscious.
Brian,
my
colleague
took
the
lead.
“Hey
there,
stay
nice
and
still
for
me.
Chris
here
is
just
going
to
hold
your
head.
Don't
worry;
it's
just
a
precaution.”
I
helped,
painfully
aware
that
hundreds
of
sets
of
eyes
were
following
our
every
move.
However
I
soon
forgot
all
about
this
as
I
focused
on
the
task
at
hand.
Rosie
was
complaining
of
pain
in
her
neck.
These
are
all
classic
signs
of
a
possible
spinal
injury.
Quickly,
Brian
found
there
were
no
other
injuries
and
an
ambulance
was
called.
I
was
still
holding
her
head
and
doing
my
best
to
comfort
her.
The
doctors
arrived
and
we
put
Rosie
carefully
into
the
ambulance
for
a
trip
to
hospital.
Then
we
went
back
to
the
first
aid
post
quickly.
Ten
years
on
I've
met
many
more
people
like
Rosie—in
need
of
help.
I've
moved
on
from
being
a
trainee
to
a
trainer,
from
an
inexperienced
first
aider
to
being
part
of
an
emergency
ambulance
team.
When
a
call
comes
in,
that
slight
feeling
of
nervousness
is
still
there.
However,
so
is
the
feeling
of
making
a
difference,
being
there
during
a
painful
moment
in
someone's
life.
4.
What
does
the
underlined
part
“with
flying
colours”
probably
mean?
A.
Slowly.
B.
Successfully.
C.
Poorly.
D.
Carefully.
5.
How
was
Rosie
injured?
A.
She
was
hit
by
mistake.
B.
She
made
a
wrong
move.
C.
She
didn't
take
precautions.
D.
She
was
not
herself
and
fell.
6.
How
did
the
author
help
Rosie?
A.
She
took
her
to
hospital.
B.
She
held
her
head
and
calmed
her.
C.
She
checked
her
injuries.
D.
She
did
something
for
her
pain.
7.
What
do
we
know
about
the
author
now?
A.
She
often
receives
first
aid
training.
B.
She's
working
as
a
professional
doctor.
C.
She
feels
a
sense
of
achievement
about
her
work.
D.
She's
no
longer
nervous
when
performing
first
aid.
【答案】4.
B
5.
A
6.
B
7.
C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者15岁时第一次作为一名合格的红十字会志愿者参加活动，帮助一名受伤的青少年Rosie的故事。
【4题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段中“In
summer
2007,
I
joined
the
British
Red
Cross
at
15.
After
several
days
of
training.
I
was
attending
my
first
event
as
a
fully
qualified
Red
Cross
volunteer.(
2007年夏天，15岁的我加入了英国红十字会。经过几天的训练。这是我第一次作为一名合格的红十字会志愿者参加活动)”以及画线词上文“I'd
passed
my
first
aid
course”可知，作者成功地通过了急救课程考核，成为一名合格的红十字会志愿者。故画线词意思是“成功地”。A.
Slowly.缓慢地；B.
Successfully.成功地；C.
Poorly.差劲地；D.
Carefully.仔细地。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“All
these
precautions
didn't
help,
however,
when
her
competitor
misjudged
a
move
and
delivered
a
violent
blow
to
her
head.(然而，当她的对手误判了一个动作，给了她头部一记重击时，所有这些预防措施都无济于事)”可知，Rosie被误撞而受伤的。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第七段中“I
was
still
holding
her
head
and
doing
my
best
to
comfort
her.(我仍然抱着她的头，尽力安慰她)”可知，作者抱住
Rosie的头部并不断安抚她。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“When
a
call
comes
in,
that
slight
feeling
of
nervousness
is
still
there.
However,
so
is
the
feeling
of
making
a
difference,
being
there
during
a
painful
moment
in
someone's
life.(当有任务来临的时候，那种轻微的紧张感仍然存在。然而，在别人生命中痛苦时刻的感受也一样)”可推知，作者对自己的工作有一种成就感。故选C。
C
With
a
quick
movement,
the
little
creature
vanishes
in
the
air
like
it
never
existed
and
somehow
appears
dramatically-this
is
a
part
of
the
film
Fantastic
Beasts
and
Where
to
Find
Them.
But
in
reality,
“disappeared”
fantastic
creatures
can
also
reappear.
The
Global
Wildlife
Conservation(GWC)
announced
on
Oct
30
they
have
rediscovered
the
Voeltzkow's
chameleon(变色龙)in
Madagascar.
The
last
time
that
the
animal
was
seen
was
in
1913.
This
discovery
excited
the
research
team,
but
the
finding
was
not
easy.
The
GWC
organized
an
expedition
as
part
of
its
Search
for
Lost
Species
program,
an
attempt
to
rediscover
species
that
have
not
been
observed
by
scientists
for
at
least
a
decade.
They
headed
into
the
forests
of
northwestern
Madagascar
in
April
2018.
But
they
didn't
have
much
luck
for
a
long
time.
Just
days
before
the
trip
was
to
end.
the
tour
guides
spotted
one
of
the
chameleons.
Ultimately,
the
team
discovered
three
males
and
13
females.
Male
Voeltzkow's
chameleons
are
up
to
164
millimeters
long
and
arc
light
green
with
dark
stripes,
which
get
darker
when
they
are
angry
or
stressed.
Females
arc
smaller
than
males,
growing
to
about
150
millimeters
long.
They
can
change
their
skin
to
a
pattern
of
red
dots
and
a
stripe
of
purple
against
a
background
of
black
and
white.
“The
Voeltzkow's
chameleon
adds
color
and
beauty
to
the
planet,
and
reminds
us
that
even
when
all
seems
lost,
a
great
adventure
can
reawaken
hope."
said
Don
Church,
president
of
the
GWC.
"Now
we
have
so
much
to
learn
about
this
extraordinary
reptile(爬行动物)?
including
how
we
can
best
save
it
from
extinction.”
This
isn't
the
only
time
a
species
thought
to
be
extinct
has
been
rediscovered.
In
fact,
this
year
scientists
discovered
a
frog
that
has
been
missing
for
more
than
50
years
in
a
Brazilian
jungle.
Another
example
is
the
Albany
adder
snake,
which
was
rediscovered
in
2016.
The
species
had
disappeared
for
over
a
decade
and
was
generally
believed
to
be
extinct.
So
how
are
these
"lost"
species
able
to
make
a
comeback?
If
the
environment
changes
in
favor
of
certain
species
that
have
been
considered
extinct,
the
population
size
of
those
species
may
recover
again.
As
they
reach
greater
numbers,
the
chance
of
humans
discovering
them
increases.
8.
Why
is
the
part
of
Fantastic
Beasts
and
Where
to
Find
Them
mentioned?
A.
To
lead
to
a
discussion
about
animal
extinction.
B.
To
warn
of
the
difference
between
reality
and
fiction.
C.
To
demonstrate
that
magic
can
be
found
in
real
life.
D.
To
further
discuss
the
reappearance
of
creatures.
9.
What
does
Paragraph
3
mainly
talk
about?
A.
How
luck
determined
the
fate
of
a
lost
species.
B.
How
the
GWC
rediscovered
the
Voeltzkow's
chameleon.
C.
An
introduction
to
the
Search
for
Lost
Species
program.
D.
The
solutions
to
make
“lost"
species
come
back.
10.
What
can
we
know
about
the
Voeltzkow's
chameleon?
A.
They
can
change
their
colors
to
green
and
yellow.
B.
Female
chameleons
are
much
longer
than
male
ones.
C.
The
color
of
the
males'
skin
can
reflect
their
mood.
D.
Male
chameleons
outnumber
female
ones
by
a
lot.
11.
What
can
be
concluded
from
the
last
two
paragraphs?
A.
The
rediscoveries
may
be
due
to
environmental
changes.
B.
The
habitats
of
frogs
and
snakes
arc
quite
similar.
C.
Human
beings
are
to
blame
for
species
extinction.
D.
Extinct
reptiles
would
be
the
first
group
to
be
rediscovered.
【答案】8.
D
9.
B
10.
C
11.
A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述人们发现了已经灭绝的变色龙，由于环境的改变，已经灭绝的物种可能会重新出现，并且让人们重新发现它们。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“With
a
quick
movement,
the
little
creature
vanishes
in
the
air
like
it
never
existed
and
somehow
appears
dramatically-this
is
a
part
of
the
film
Fantastic
Beasts
and
Where
to
Find
Them.
But
in
reality,
“disappeared”
fantastic
creatures
can
also
reappear.（随着一个快速的动作，这个小生物在空中消失了，就像它从来没有存在过一样，然后不知怎么地戏剧性地出现了——这是电影《神奇动物在哪里》的一部分。但在现实中，“消失”的神奇生物也可以重新出现。）”可知，Fantastic
Beasts
and
Where
to
Find
Them在文中被提到主要是为了说明灭绝生物的重新出现。故选D项。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“This
discovery
excited
the
research
team,
but
the
finding
was
not
easy…Ultimately,
the
team
discovered
three
males
and
13
females.（这个发现让研究团队很兴奋，但这个发现并不容易。……最终，团队发现了3只雄性和13只雌性。）”可知，第三段主要讲述全球野生动物保护组织如何最终发现了变色龙。故选B项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段“Male
Voeltzkow's
chameleons
are
up
to
164
millimeters
long
and
are
light
green
with
dark
stripes,
which
get
darker
when
they
are
angry
or
stressed.（雄性沃兹科变色龙的体长可达164毫米，呈淡绿色，身上有深色的条纹，当它们生气或紧张时，颜色就会变深。）”可知，雄性变色龙的皮肤颜色可以反映它们的情绪。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“If
the
environment
changes
in
favor
of
certain
species
that
have
been
considered
extinct,
the
population
size
of
those
species
may
recover
again.
As
they
reach
greater
numbers,
the
chance
of
humans
discovering
them
increases.（如果环境改变有利于某些被认为已经灭绝的物种，这些物种的种群规模可能会恢复。随着它们数量的增加，人类发现它们的机会也在增加。）”可知，环境的改变可能让已经灭绝的物种重新出现，并且让人们重新发现它们。故选A项。
D
Video
calls
are
a
common
occurrence,
but
have
you
imagined
being
able
to
touch
the
person
on
the
other
end
of
the
line?
Scientists
are
making
this
a
reality.
Researchers
at
the
University
of
New
South
Wales,
Australia,
have
invented
a
soft
skin
stretch
device
(SSD),
a
haptic
(触觉的)
device
that
can
recreate
the
sense
of
touch.
Haptic
technology
mimics
(模仿)
the
experience
of
touch
by
stimulating
small
areas
of
the
skin
in
ways
that
are
similar
to
what
is
felt
in
the
real
world,
through
force,
vibration
(震动)
or
motion.
Vibration
is
the
most
common
haptic
technology
today
and
has
been
built
into
many
electronic
devices,
such
as
one
attached
to
the
back
of
a
trackpad
(触控板)
in
laptops,
which
mimics
a
button
clicking.
However,
haptic
feedback
with
vibration
becomes
less
sensitive
when
used
continuously.
The
existing
technology
also
has
great
difficulty
recreating
the
sense
of
touch
with
objects
in
virtual
environments
or
located
remotely,
according
to
Mai
Thanh
Thai,
lead
author
of
the
study.
The
new
technology
overcomes
issues
with
existing
haptic
devices.
The
research
team
introduced
a
novel
method
to
recreate
the
sense
of
touch
through
soft,
artificial
“muscles”.
“Our
three-way
directional
skin
stretch
device,
built
into
the
fingertips
of
the
wearable
haptic
glove
we
also
created,
is
like
wearing
a
second
skin
—
it’s
soft,
stretchable
and
mimics
the
sense
of
touch
—
and
will
enable
new
forms
of
haptic
communication
to
enhance
everyday
activities,”
said
Thanh
Nho
Do,
senior
author
of
the
study.
It
works
like
this:
Imagine
you
are
at
home
and
you
call
your
friend
who
is
in
Australia.
You
wear
a
haptic
glove
with
the
SSDs
and
your
friend
also
wears
a
glove
with
integrated
(集成)
3D
force
sensors.
If
your
friend
picks
up
an
object,
it
will
physically
press
against
your
friend’s
fingers.
And
his/her
glove
with
3D
force
sensors
will
measure
these
interactions.
The
force
signals
can
be
sent
to
your
glove
so
your
device
will
generate
the
same
3D
forces,
making
you
experience
the
same
sense
of
touch
as
your
friend.
The
haptic
devices
could
be
applied
in
various
scenarios,
allowing
users
to
feel
objects
inside
a
virtual
world
or
at
a
distance.
This
could
be
especially
beneficial
during
such
times
like
the
COVID-19
pandemic
when
people
rely
on
video
calls
to
stay
connected
with
loved
ones.
Or
it
could
be
used
in
medical
practices.
Doctors
can
feel
a
patient’s
organ
tissues
with
surgical
tools
without
touching
them.
12.
What’s
the
main
purpose
of
the
text?
A.
To
encourage
the
use
of
a
new
product.
B.
To
inform
readers
of
a
new
invention.
C.
To
compare
different
haptic
devices.
D.
To
introduce
the
development
of
haptic
technology.
13.
What
can
we
learn
about
the
SSD?
A.
It
mimics
the
sense
of
touch
through
a
trackpad.
B.
It
mainly
uses
vibration
technology.
C.
It
takes
the
shape
of
a
glove.
D.
It
makes
virtual
haptic
communication
possible.
14.
What
does
Paragraph
6
mainly
talk
about?
A.
The
advantages
of
the
new
haptic
glove.
B.
The
applications
of
the
new
haptic
technology.
C.
An
explanation
of
how
the
haptic
device
works.
D.
A
personal
experience
of
using
SSDs
during
a
video
call.
15.
How
could
the
new
haptic
device
benefit
people?
A.
It
could
replace
video
calls
as
a
way
to
communicate.
B.
it
could
be
used
for
recreating
organ
tissues.
C.
Doctors
could
perform
surgeries
at
once.
D.
Users
could
feel
remote
objects
in
a
realistic
way.
【答案】12.
B
13.
D
14.
C
15.
D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家正在使视频通话能够触碰到电话另一端的人成为现实。这一项技术将会利用在方方面面，造福于人类。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。第二段第一句“Researchers
at
the
University
of
New
South
Wales,
Australia,
have
invented
a
soft
skin
stretch
device
(SSD),
a
haptic
(触觉的)
device
that
can
recreate
the
sense
of
touch.”提到，澳大利亚新南威尔士大学的研究人员发明了一种柔软皮肤拉伸设备，这是一种可以重现触觉的触觉设备，下文讲述了该设备的工作原理和应用，所以本文的目的是介绍一项发明。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Scientists
are
making
this
a
reality.”及第二段第一句“Researchers
at
the
University
of
New
South
Wales,
Australia,
have
invented
a
soft
skin
stretch
device
(SSD),
a
haptic(触觉的)
device
that
can
recreate
the
sense
of
touch.(澳大利亚新南威尔士大学的研究人员发明了一种柔软皮肤拉伸设备(SSD)，这是一种可以重现触觉的触觉设备。)”可知，SSD可使虚拟触觉通信成为可能。故选D项。
【14题详解】
段落大意题。根据第六段中“It
works
like
this:”可知，这段主要是解释触觉设备的工作原理。故选C项。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第一句“The
haptic
devices
could
be
applied
in
various
scenarios,
allowing
users
to
feel
objects
inside
a
virtual
world
or
at
a
distance.”可知，触觉设备可以应用在各种场景中，允许用户感受虚拟世界中物体或者远距离的物体。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文.从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Do
Americans
have
any
morals?
That's
a
good
question.
Many
people
insist
that
ideas
about
right
and
wrong
are
merely
personal
opinions.
Some
voices,
though,
are
calling
Americans
back
to
traditional
moral
values.
William
J.
Bennett.
former
U.
S.
Secretary
of
Education,
edited
The
Book
of
Virtues
in
1993
to
do
just
that.___16___The
success
of
Bennett's
book
shows
that
many
Americans
still
believe
in
moral
values.
But
what
are
they?
One
of
the
most
basic
moral
values
for
Americans
is
honesty.
The
well-known
legend
about
George
Washington
and
the
cherry
tree
teaches
this
value
clearly.
In
the
story,
instead
of
punishment,
George
received
praise
for
not
lying
but
telling
the
truth
that
he
cut
down
his
father's
favorite
cherry
tree.
Sometimes
American
honesty—being
open
and
direct—can
offend
people.___17___
Another
virtue
Americans
respect
is
perseverance.
Remember
Aesop's
Fables
(伊索寓言)
about
the
turtle
and
the
rabbit
that
had
a
race?___18___But
the
turtle
finally
won
because
he
did
not
give
up.
___19___The
story
of
“The
Good
Samaritan(撒马利亚人)"
from
the
Bible
describes
a
man
who
showed
compassion.
On
his
way
to
a
certain
city,
a
Samaritan
man.
instead
of
just
passing
by.
stopped
to
help
a
poor
traveler
lying
on
the
road
who
was
beaten
and
robbed.
In
no
way
can
this
brief
description
cover
all
the
moral
values
honored
by
Americans.
Courage,
responsibility,
loyalty,
gratitude
and
many
others
could
be
discussed.
In
fact,
Bennett's
bestseller—over
800
pages—highlights
just
10
virtues.
Even
Bennett
admits
that
he
has
only
scratched
the
surface.
But
no
matter
how
long
or
short
the
list,
moral
values
are
invaluable.___20___
A.
But
this
virtuous
attitude
is
hardly
one
of
them.
B.
Compassion(同情心)
is
a
desire
within
us
to
help
others.
C.
The
rabbit
thought
he
could
win
easily,
so
he
took
a
nap.
D.
Compassion
may
be
the
queen
of
American
virtues.
E.
But
Americans
still
believe
that
"honesty
is
the
best
policy”.
F.
They
are
the
foundation
of
American
culture—and
any
culture.
G.
Bennett
suggests
that
great
moral
stories
can
build
character.
【答案】16.
G
17.
E
18.
C
19.
D
20.
F
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个美国的道德观。
【16题详解】
空前一句“William
J.
Bennett.
former
U.
S.
Secretary
of
Education,
edited
The
Book
of
Virtues
in
1993
to
do
just
that.”提到，前美国教育部长William
J.
Bennett.正是为了此目的，在1993年编辑了The
Book
of
Virtues一书，分析选项，G项
“Bennett建议伟大的道德故事可以塑造性格”继续讲Bennett的书的内容，符合语境，故选G项。
【17题详解】
根据本段首句“One
of
the
most
basic
moral
values
for
Americans
is
honesty.”可知，本段主要讲美国的基本道德价值观之一是诚实，空前一句“Sometimes
American
honesty—being
open
and
direct—can
offend
people.
”提到，有时，美国的诚实——开放和直接——可能冒犯人们，分析选项，E项（但是美国人仍然相信“诚实就是最好的政策”。）符合语境，E项中的“But”和前面一句中的“offend
people”构成转折关系，且和本段主题句呼应。故选E项。
【18题详解】
根据空前一句“Remember
Aesop's
Fables(伊索寓言)
about
the
turtle
and
the
rabbit
that
had
a
race?”可知，此处提到《伊索寓言》中龟兔赛跑的故事，结合空后一句“But
the
turtle
finally
won
because
he
did
not
give
up.(但是最后乌龟赢了，因为他不放弃。)”可知，空处与下文构成转折关系，C项“兔子认为他可以轻松地赢得比赛，所以他睡觉。”符合语境。故选C项。
【19题详解】
空处是本段主题句，根据空后“The
story
of
“The
Good
Samaritan(撒马利亚人)"
from
the
Bible
describes
a
man
who
showed
compassion.(《圣经》中撒马利亚人的故事描述了一个展示同情心的人。)”可知，本段主要讲述另一个道德观：同情心，D项“同情心可能是美国的道德之最了。”符合语境，故选D项。
【20题详解】
根据空前一句“But
no
matter
how
long
or
short
the
list,
moral
values
are
invaluable.(但是不论这张道德表是多长或多短，道德价值都是无价的。)”可知，此处是讲道德价值观的重要性，F项“它们是美国文化——也是任何其他国家的文化基础。”符合语境。F项中的
“They”指代空前的“moral
values”。故选F项。
【点睛】
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A
daughter
complained
to
her
father
about
her
life
and
how
things
were
so
hard
for
her.
She
did
not
know
how
to
___21___
and
want
to
give
up.
It
seemed
as
one
problem
was
solved.
a
new
one___22___.
Her
father
took
her
to
the
kitchen.
He
filled
three
pots
with
water
and
placed
each
on
a
high
fire.
Soon
the
pots
came
to
a(n)___23___
.
In
one
he
placed
carrots,
the
second
eggs,
and
the
last
ground
coffee
beans.
He
let
them
___24___
and
boil,
without
saying
a
word.
The
daughter
sucked
her
teeth
and
impatiently
waited.
In
about
twenty
minutes
he
turned
off
the
___25___
.
He
fished
the
carrots
out
and
placed
them
in
a
bowl.
He
pulled
the
eggs
out
and
placed
them
in
a
bowl.
Then
he___26___
the
coffee
out
and
placed
it
in
a
mug.
Turning
to
her
he
asked,
"Darling,
what
do
you
see?”
“Carrots,
eggs,
and
coffee."
she
replied.
He
brought
her
closer
and
asked
her
to___27___the
carrots,
she
did
and
noted
that
they
were
soft.
He
then
asked
her
to
take
an
egg
and
break
it.
After
___28___
the
egg,
she
observed
the
hard-boiled
egg.
Finally,
he
asked
her
to
sip
the
coffee.
She
___29___
,
as
she
tasted
its
rich
fragrance.
“What
does
it
mean.
Father?”
she
asked.
He
explained
that
each
of
them
had
faced
the
same____30____boiling
water,
but
each
reacted____31____.The
carrot
went
in
strong,
and
hard.
But
after
being
subjected
(to
the
boiling
water,
it
softened
and
became
weak.
The
egg
had
been
____32____.
Its
thin
outer
shell
had
protected
its
liquid
interior,
but
after
sitting____33____
the
boiling
water,
its
inside
became
hardened.
The
ground
coffee
beans
were
____34____,however.
After
they
were
in
the
boiling
water,
they
had
changed
the
water.
“Which
are
you?”
he
asked
his
daughter.
When
adversity
(逆境)
knocks
on
your
door,
how
do
you____35____?
Are
you
a
carrot,
an
egg
or
a
coffee
bean?
21.
A.
make
it
B.
catch
it
C.
make
up
D.
catch
up
22.
A.
mattered
B.
arose
C.
boosted
D.
ceased
23.
A.
boil
B.
pause
C.
end
D.
stop
24.
A.
stand
B.
fall
C.
sit
D.
jump
25.
A.
water
B.
light
C.
tap
D.
burners
26.
A.
brought
B.
cleared
C.
spooned
D.
carried
27.
A.
roast
B.
feel
C.
squeeze
D.
smell
28.
A.
shelling
B.
covering
C.
frying
D.
laying
29.
A.
cried
B.
sniffed
C.
smiled
D.
complained
30.
A.
adversity
B.
dilemma
C.
thing
D.
occasion
31.
A.
fiercely
B.
calmly
C.
commonly
D.
differently
32.
A.
soft
B.
fragile
C.
weak
D.
strong
33.
A.
through
B.
over
C.
in
D.
front
34.
A.
similar
B.
usual
C.
original
D.
unique
35.
A.
avoid
B.
answer
C.
reflect
D.
respond
【答案】21.
A
22.
B
23.
A
24.
C
25.
D
26.
C
27.
B
28.
A
29.
C
30.
A
31.
D
32.
B
33.
A
34.
D
35.
D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲了一个女儿向她的父亲抱怨她的生活，说她的生活很艰难。她的父亲在沸水中分别煮了三种东西：胡萝卜、鸡蛋和咖啡豆。通过和女儿一起观察这三种事物面对沸水的反应，这位父亲告诉女儿一个生活哲理，当面对困境时，自己想充当什么样的角色决定了事情的结果。
【21题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：她不知道怎么成功，想放弃。
A.
make
it成功；B.
catch
it受责备；C.
make
up组成；D.
catch
up赶上。根据“and
want
to
give
up”可知她不知道怎么成功。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：似乎有一个问题解决了，一个新的问题又出现了。A.
mattered要紧；B.
arose出现；C.
boosted提高；D.
ceased停止。根据“She
did
not
know
how
to
___1___
and
want
to
give
up.”可知似乎有一个问题解决了，一个新的问题又出现了，总是不能成功，所以她想放弃。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，壶里的水开了。A.
boil沸腾；B.
pause暂停；C.
end结束；
D.
stop停止。根据“He
let
them
___4___
and
boil,
without
saying
a
word.”可知水沸腾了。故选A。
24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他由着水把它们煮沸。A.
stand站立；B.
fall落下；C.
sit位于；
D.
jump跳跃。根据“Its
thin
outer
shell
had
protected
its
liquid
interior,
but
after
sitting___13___
the
boiling
water,
its
inside
became
hardened.”可知这里是原词复现，意思是他由着水把它们煮沸。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：大约二十分钟后，他关掉了火炉
。A.
water水；B.
light光；C.
tap水龙头；D.
burners炉子。根据“He
filled
three
pots
with
water
and
placed
each
on
a
high
fire.”可知他关掉了火炉。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后用勺子舀出咖啡，放进一个杯子里。A.
brought带来；
B.
cleared清除；C.
spooned舀出
；D.
carried拿。根据“and
placed
it
in
a
mug”可知是用勺子舀出咖啡。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲把她带近了一些，要她去摸胡萝卜，她摸了以后，注意到它们变软了。
A.
roast烘烤；B.
feel触摸；C.
squeeze挤；D.
smell闻。根据“she
did
and
noted
that
they
were
soft.”可知她的父亲让她触摸胡萝卜。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：剥完鸡蛋壳后，她观察了这个煮熟的鸡蛋。A.
shelling剥壳；B.
covering遮盖；C.
frying油炸；D.
laying放置。根据“she
observed
the
hard-boiled
egg.”可知她把鸡蛋剥了壳。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尝了尝浓郁的香味，她笑了。
A.
cried哭；B.
sniffed闻；
C.
smiled笑；D.
complained抱怨。根据“as
she
tasted
its
rich
fragrance.”可知喝到了美味的咖啡，自然是会心一笑。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：父亲解释说，每种东西面临着同样的逆境——煮沸的水，但其反应却各不相同。A.
adversity逆境；B.
dilemma进退两难；C.
thing事物；D.
occasion时机。根据“When
adversity
(逆境)
knocks
on
your
door,
how
do
you___15___?”可知这里意思是每种东西面临着同样的逆境——煮沸的水。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：父亲解释说，每种东西面临着同样的逆境——煮沸的水，但其反应却各不相同。A.
fiercely猛烈地；B.
calmly平静地；C.
commonly普通地；D.
differently不同地。根据下文的叙述可知，胡萝卜、鸡蛋和咖啡豆在面对煮沸的水时，反应完全不同。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：鸡蛋本来是易碎的。A.
soft柔软的；B.
fragile易碎的；C.
weak虚弱的；D.
strong强壮的。根据“Its
thin
outer
shell
had
protected
its
liquid
interior”以及结合生活常识，可知鸡蛋易碎。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：它薄薄的外壳保护着内部的液体，但是在经历了煮沸的水之后，它的内部变得坚硬了。A.
through经由；B.
over在……
上面；C.
in在……里；D.
front前面。根据“the
boiling
water”可知这里意思是经历了煮沸的水之后，它的内部变得坚硬了。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，磨碎的咖啡豆是独一无二的。A.
similar相似的；B.
usual通常的；C.
original原来的；D.
unique独特的。根据“however.
After
they
were
in
the
boiling
water,
they
had
changed
the
water.”可知咖啡豆改变了水，所以它是独特的。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当逆境敲门时，你该如何应对呢？A.
avoid避免；B.
answer回答；C.
reflect反射；D.
respond作出反应。根据“Are
you
a
carrot,
an
egg
or
a
coffee
bean?”可知这里意思是当逆境敲门时，你该如何应对。故选D。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分.满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Katherine
Johnson
Dies
at
101；
Mathematician
Broke
Barriers
at
NASA
They
asked
Katherine
Johnson
for
the
moon,
and
she
gave
it
to
them.
___36___
(use)
little
more
than
a
pencil,
a
slide
rule
and
one
of
the
finest
mathematical
minds
in
the
country,
Mrs.
Johnson,
who
died
at
101
on
Monday,
calculated
the
precise
trajectories(轨道)that
would
let
Apollo
11
land
on
the
moon
in
1969
and,
after
Neil
Armstrong's
history-making
moonwalk,
___37___(let)
it
return
to
Earth.
Yet
throughout
Mrs.
Johnson's
33
years
in
NASA
and
for
___38___
(decade)
afterward,
almost
no
one
knew
her
name.
Mrs.
Johnson
was
one
of
several
hundred
strictly
educated,
extremely
capable
yet
largely
___39___
(mention)
women
who
are
well
before
the
modern
feminist
movement.
worked
as
NASA
mathematicians.
But
___40___was
not
only
her
sex
that
kept
her
long
marginalized
and
long
unsung.
For
some
years
at
midcentury,
the
black
women
worked
as
"computers”
___41___
were
subjected
to
a
double
segregation(隔离歧视):They___42___
(keep)
separate
from
the
much
___43___(large)
group
of
white
women
who
in
turn
were
segregated
from
the
agency's
male
mathematicians
and
engineers.
In
old
age.
Mrs.
Johnson
became
___44___
most
celebrated
of
the
small
excellent
group
of
black
women
who
at
midcentury
served___45___
mathematicians
for
the
space
agency.
Their
story
was
told
in
the
2016
Hollywood
film
"Hidden
Figures”,
which
was
nominated
for
three
Oscars,
including
Best
Picture.
【答案】36.
using
37.
let/would
let
38.
decades
39.
unmentioned
40.
it
41.
who/that
42.
were
kept
43.
larger
44.
the
45.
as
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的著名的数学家凯瑟琳?约翰逊
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：使用一个铅笔,计算尺和一个最好的数学头脑,约翰逊太太精确计算出轨迹,让1969年阿波罗11号登陆月球约翰逊夫人于周一去世，享年101岁。设空处在句中做非谓语，和句子的逻辑主语之间是逻辑的主动关系。故答案为using。
【37题详解】
考查动词。句意：在尼尔·阿姆斯特朗历史性的月球行走之后，让它返回地球。设空处在句中作谓语，根据句意可知，句子的主语为the
precise
trajectories(轨道)，设空处与would
let
并列，故答案为let/would
let。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：然而，在约翰逊夫人在NASA工作的33年里以及之后的10年里，几乎没有人知道她的名字。设空处在句中为可数名词，设空处前无限定词修饰。此处应用复数形式，故答案为decades。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：约翰逊夫人是现代女权运动之前几百位受过严格教育、极有能力却很少被提及的女性之一。曾是NASA的数学家。设空处后为名词，故设空出应用形容词形式。结合句意，此处表示很少被提到的。故答案为unmentioned。
【40题详解】
考查强调句。句意：但使她长期被边缘化、默默无闻的，并不仅仅是她的性别。强调句的结构：it+is/was+强调成分+that/who+其他。故答案为it。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句的引导词。句意：在20世纪中叶的几年里，黑人妇女充当“受到双重隔离的计算机”设空处引导定语从句且在句中做指人的主语。先行词为the
black
women。故答案为who/that。
【42题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：她们被与数量多得多的白人女性隔离开来，而白人女性又被与该机构的男性数学家和工程师隔离开来。设空处在句中做谓语，和句子的主语之间是被动关系，叙述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故答案为were
kept。
【43题详解】
考查形容词的比较级。句意见上题解析。设空处后为名词，设空处应用形容词；much修饰比较级，故设空处应用形容词的比较级。故答案为larger。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：在晚年。约翰逊夫人是本世纪中叶为数不多的优秀黑人女性中最著名的一位，她们在太空总署担任数学家。设空处后为最高级，故设空处应用定冠词the,故答案为the。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意见上题解析。固定短语“serve
as”充当；结合句意。故答案为as。
第四部分写作(共两节.满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46.
假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter生日将至，他喜欢中国文化，生肖属牛。为此你绘制一幅国画“拓荒牛”送给他，并随画给他写了一封邮件。其内容如下：
1.表达生日祝福；
2.说明礼物含义。
注意:1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇:拓荒牛the
pioneering
ox
【答案】Dear
Peter,
How
is
everything
going?
I’
m
delighted
to
learn
that
your
birthday
is
drawing
near.
Here,
I’
d
like
to
extend
my
best
wishes
for
you.
Happy
birthday
to
you!
Knowing
that
you
were
born
in
the
year
of
ox
and
you
are
also
interested
in
Chinese
culture.
I
have
prepared
present.
Chinese
painting
“
the
pioncering
ox”
,
which
represents
progress
and
innovation.
In
China.
people
born
this
year
impress
other
people
with
their
strength
and
diligence.
So
I
hope
the
painting
will
bring
you
good
luck
and
prosperity
this
year.
I
do
hope
you
will
like
it.
Yours,
Li
Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Peter绘制一幅国画“拓荒牛”送给他，并随画给他写了一封邮件，表达对他生日的祝福。
【详解】1.
词汇积累
高兴的：happy→delighted
创新：creation→innovation
牛：cow→ox
成功，繁荣：success→prosperity
2.
句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Knowing
that
you
were
born
in
the
year
of
ox
and
you
are
also
interested
in
Chinese
culture.
I
have
prepared
present.
拓展句：I
have
prepared
present
for
knowing
that
you
were
born
in
the
year
of
ox
and
you
are
also
interested
in
Chinese
culture.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
I’m
delighted
to
learn
that
your
birthday
is
drawing
near.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2]
Chinese
painting
“the
pioncering
ox”,
which
represents
progress
and
innovation.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
第二节(满分23分)
47.
阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。
Mr.
Taylor
checked
again:
water,
food,
bandage,
medicines,
a
compass,
and
a
map
wrapped
in
plastic...
Bingo!
He
put
all
that
he
prepared
for
the
coming
hiking
into
his
backpack.
Mr.
Taylor
was
fond
of
hiking,
this
time
in
particular,
for
it
was
the
first
time
for
him
to
hike
with
his
two
sons,
Harry
and
Joel.
Joel
liked
reading
books
about
explorers
and
Harry
joined
the
hiking
club
in
his
school
this
term.
“It
will
be
an
unforgettable
experience,
definitely.”
he
whispered
to
himself,
unconsciously
a
smile
spreading
over
his
face.
Harry
and
Joel,
however,
argued
for
the
first
three
miles
of
their
hiking
trip.
Harry
accused
Joel
of
wearing
smelly
old
shoes.
Joel
blamed
Harry
for
using
all
of
the
bug
spray(喷雾防虫剂).
Harry
told
Joel
he
smelled
terrible.
Joel
called
Harry
a
coward(懦夫).
“Will
the
two
of
you
just
quiet
down
and
enjoy
our
hike
together?”
their
father
said.
“You’re
missing
all
of
the
beautiful
scenery!”
It
was
true.
Neither
Joel
nor
Harry
had
taken
notice
of
the
bear
their
father
had
spied
at
the
start
of
their
trip.
They
hadn’t
looked
up
at
the
eagle
he
pointed
out
overhead.
Worst
of
all,
they
hadn’t
paid
any
attention
to
the
turns
and
twists
along
the
way
while
they
continued
their
argument.
“Joel
threw
a
stick
at
me!”
Harry
screamed.
“That’s
not
true!”
Joel
shouted
back.
Mr.
Taylor
could
no
longer
contain
his
anger.
“And
both
of
you
need
to
stop
arguing!”
he
erupted.
As
he
turned
to
face
them,
his
left
foot
caught
on
a
root.
He
slipped
backward
and
down
muddy
bank,
falling
into
the
river
that
ran
alongside
the
path.
Harry
and
Joel
raced
to
their
father’s
assistance.
They
helped
him
up
out
of
the
water,
and
then
dragged
his
wet
backpack
up
onto
land.
Fortunately,
their
wet-through
father
found
himself
just
slightly
injured.
注意:
1.
所续写短文的词数应为
150
左右；
2.
至少使用
5
个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3.
续写部分分为两段,
每段的开头语已为你写好；
4.
续写完成后,
请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph
1:
But
his
glasses
came
off
when
he
fell
in
the
water.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph
2:
”Just
calm
down.”
Mr.
Taylor
shouted,
“Without
my
glasses,
we
need
to
work
together
to
find
our
way.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Para
1.
But
his
glasses
came
off
when
he
fell
in
the
water.
Harry
and
Joel
waded
back
into
the
river.
Twigs
and
leaves
swirled
around
their
ankles
before
floating
away
on
the
current.
No
glasses!
Harry
thought
they
might
have
been
swept
downstream.
But
Mr.
Taylor
couldn’t
see
without
his
glasses.
Everything
was
a
blur
to
him
now.
How
could
they
get
home?
“Oh
great!
Now
we’re
lost,”
groaned
Joel,
“and
it
might
be
days
before
someone
finds
us.”
“No
thanks
to
you.”
Harry
blamed.
Para
2
“Just
calm
down.”
Mr.
Taylor
shouted,
“Without
my
glasses,
we
need
to
work
together
to
find
our
way.”
Mr.
Taylor
fumbled
in
his
backpack
and
pulled
the
map
and
the
compass
out.
Luckily,
Joel
learned
how
to
read
a
map
from
his
books,
and
Harry
knew
how
to
use
a
compass
from
his
hiking
club.
They
stopped
arguing,
looked
down
at
the
map,
searched
for
the
river
and
used
the
compass
to
find
the
direction.
In
relief,
Mr.
Taylor
beamed
proudly,
“You
two
will
save
the
day.
You’re
pretty
good
hiking
partners!”
【解析】
【分析】本篇考查的作文类型是读后续写。
【详解】前文主要讲的是Taylor先生第一次和两个儿子Harry和Joel一起徒步旅行。然而，Harry和Joel为徒步旅行的前三英里而争吵。结果后来惹得Taylor先生生气了，他的左脚被树根缠住了，在泥泞的河岸上滑来滑去，掉进了路旁的河里。两个儿子前去帮助父亲，还好浑身湿透的父亲发现自己只是受了点轻伤。在给的第一段开头中，“But
his
glasses
came
off
when
he
fell
in
the
water.”“came
off”意思是“掉进”，第二段开头“Just
calm
down.”
Mr.
Taylor
shouted,
“Without
my
glasses,
we
need
to
work
together
to
find
our
way.”此句中的find
our
way为关键词，因为后文都围绕这个词在说。
【高分句型1】
Harry
thought
his
glasses
might
have
been
swept
downstream,
without
which
Mr.
Taylor
couldn’t
see.
Harry想他的眼镜可能被冲到下游去了，没有眼镜Taylor先生就看不见。运用“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句。
【高分句型2】
They
stopped
arguing
and
looked
down
at
the
map,
so
that
they
could
search
for
the
river
and
used
the
compass
to
find
the
direction.
他们停止了争论，低头看了看地图，这样他们就可以寻找河流，用指南针找到方向。运用so
that引导目的状语从句。
