2020-2021学年
南京一中
高二下学期期中考试试卷
一、阅读
A
A
Schengen
visa
is
a
short-stay
visa
awarded
to
persons
wishing
to
travel
to
one
or
many
of
the
countries
that
make
of
the
26
European
country
Schengen
Area.
It
grants
(授予)
each
holder
entry
to
all
the
countries
in
the
area
on
a
single
visa.
Several
new
Schengen
visa
application
rules
came
into
force
in
all
countries
on
February
2,
2020.
Check
out
some
of
the
major
changes:
Increased
visa
fees
The
Schengen
visa
fee
has
increased
from
60
euros
to
80
for
adults,
while
children
aged
between
6
and
12
now
need
to
pay
40
euros
instead
of
35.
The
rise
in
fees
is
to
increase
staff
numbers,
ensure
stronger
security
screenings,
and
upgrade
IT
equipment
and
software,
according
to
the
European
Commission.
Electronic
application
form
The
application
process
has
been
greatly
simplified.
Schengen
member
states
now
accept
electronic
applications,
and
the
application
form
can
be
signed
and
submitted
electronically.
Longer
application
submission
periods
Schengen
visa
applicants
used
to
apply
as
early
as
three
months
ahead
of
their
trip.
Today
applications
can
be
submitted
up
to
six
months
in
advance.
Benefits
for
frequent
travelers
Those
who
have
previously
visited
the
Schengen
Area
and
have
a
positive
visa
history
will
be
granted
the
opportunity
to
get
a
multiple-entry
visa
valid
for
up
to
five
years.
That
is,
people
who
have
lawfully
used
their
previous
visas,
have
a
good
economic
standing
in
their
home
countries,
and
intend
to
leave
the
area
before
their
Schengen
visa
expires
(过期)
will
now
have
the
chance
to
get
a
visa
for
up
to
five
years
with
multiple
entries.
1.
If
a
couple
with
a
seven-year-old
kid
apply
for
Schengen
visas,
how
much
should
they
pay
under
the
new
rules?
A.
45
euros.
B.
80
euros.
C.
155
euros.
D.
200
euros.
2.
When
applying
for
a
Schengen
visa
now,
you
can
.
A.
upgrade
your
computer
software
B.
hand
in
an
electronic
application
form
C.
get
all
your
materials
ready
before
February
2
D.
turn
in
your
application
9
months
in
advance
3.
To
frequent
travelers
to
the
Schengen
Area,
the
new
rules
are
more
.
A.
specific
B.
complicated
C.
favourable
D.
rigid
【答案】1.
D
2.
B
3.
C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则申根签证的广告启事，介绍了签证价格、电子设备、频繁来这里旅行可以享受的好处等。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The
Schengen
visa
fee
has
increased
from
60
euros
to
80
for
adults,
while
children
aged
between
6
and
12
now
need
to
pay
40
euros
instead
of
35.”申根签证费成人从60欧元提高到80欧元，而6到12岁的儿童需要支付40欧元，而不是35欧元。可知，如果一对夫妇带着一个七岁的小孩来申请申根签证，他们按照新规要付80
2+40=200欧元。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The
application
process
has
been
greatly
simplified.
Schengen
member
states
now
accept
electronic
applications,
and
the
application
form
can
be
signed
and
submitted
electronically.”申请过程已大大简化。申根成员国现在接受电子申请，申请表可以通过电子方式签署和提交。可知，当你现在申请申根签证时，可以上交电子申请表。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据“That
is,
people
who
have
lawfully
used
their
previous
visas,
have
a
good
economic
standing
in
their
home
countries,
and
intend
to
leave
the
area
before
their
Schengen
visa
expires
(过期)
will
now
have
the
chance
to
get
a
visa
for
up
to
five
years
with
multiple
entries.”
也就是说，那些合法使用之前签证的人，在本国经济状况良好，并打算在申根签证之前离开该地区的人现在将有机会多次入境，获得长达五年的签证。可以看出，这些新规对于频繁去申根地区的人更加支持了，故选C项。
【点睛】细节理解题主要考查考生对某句话或某几句话的理解，同学们若能根据题干内容从原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分析，便可确定最佳答案。多数情况下，作者不会明确的呈现一个事实，读者需要根据已有的信息进行处理，读出言外之意。还要特别注意文章的时间顺序、故事发生的地点、情节的发展和人物之间的关系。例如，第2题，细节理解题。根据“The
application
process
has
been
greatly
simplified.
Schengen
member
states
now
accept
electronic
applications,
and
the
application
form
can
be
signed
and
submitted
electronically.”申请过程已大大简化。申根成员国现在接受电子申请，申请表可以通过电子方式签署和提交。可知，当你现在申请申根签证时，可以上交电子申请表。故选B项。
B
It
is
one
of
the
greatest
mysteries
of
nature.
In
case
you
haven’t
noticed,
all
living
things
follow
very
definite,
individual
rhythms,
all
as
regular
as
a
clock,
but
what
makes
them
regular?
Though
many
scientists
maintain
that
these
rhythms
are
the
result
of
some
outside
force
like
gravity
or
radiation
or
both,
the
results
of
most
scientific
researches
agree
with
other
scientists
who
believe
that
each
living
thing
has
its
own
built-in
biological
“time
clock.”
Take
the
mystery
of
migration
for
example.
Scientists
can’t
really
explain
why
many
species
of
birds
migrate
in
the
autumn
even
though
the
temperature
is
still
summery.
The
birds
just
seem
to
snub
the
comfortable
weather
that
they
are
having.
When
a
certain
time
comes,
they
travel
south
by
the
thousand.
In
spring
time,
they
migrate
northwards
when
though
there
probably
is
snow
still
covering
the
ground
when
they
finally
arrive.
Something
said
“go”,
and
they
did.
Animals
that
hibernate
are
obeying
individual
time
clock,
too.
When
their
clock
indicates
the
time
to
take
a
winter’s
nap,
they
do,
and
nothing
can
stop
them.
At
a
certain
time
in
the
spring,
they
wake
up
and
come
out
regardless
of
the
weather
outside.
Plants
appear
to
have
yearly
rhythms,
such
as
the
sprouting(发芽)of
seeds,
and
they
also
have
daily
rhythms.
Notice
sometimes
that
plants
raise
their
leaves
in
daylight
and
lower
them
at
night.
If
you
live
along
the
California
coast,
you
can
easily
observe
a
demonstration
of
this
mysterious
clock
functioning
regularly.
There,
from
February
to
September,
the
highest
tides
occur
exactly
every
fourteen
and
four-fifths
days,
and
during
these
high
tides,
but
at
no
other
time,
small
silvery
fish
called
grunions
surf-ride
a
wave
to
the
beach.
There
the
female
deposits
her
eggs
in
the
sand
and
the
male,
fertilize
them;
then
both
hitch
a
wave-ride
back
to
the
sea.
Exactly
fourteen
and
four-fifths
days
later,
never
before
or
after,
the
tiny
eggs
hatch,
and
the
high
tide
carries
the
new
habits
out
to
sea.
4.
According
to
the
passage
the
mysterious
rhythms
result
from
________.
A.
the
influence
of
gravity
on
living
species
B.
the
effect
of
radiation
on
living
species
C.
the
influence
of
a
mysterious
outer
force
on
living
species
D.
the
internal
mechanism
inside
the
living
species
5.
The
underlined
word
“snub”
in
the
third
paragraph
probably
means
________.
A.
fight
B.
ignore
C.
symbolize
D.
criticize
6.
Which
of
the
following
statements
is
NOT
TRUE?
A.
Hibernating
animals
are
obeying
an
internal
time
clock.
B.
The
positioning
of
the
leaves
of
some
plants
is
due
to
the
daily
rhythms.
C.
The
internal
clock
functioning
is
demonstrated
in
the
reproducing
habits
of
grunions.
D.
The
yearly
hibernation
is
more
because
of
the
weather
influence
than
the
biological
functioning.
7.
The
passage
is
mainly
about
________.
A.
the
rhythms
of
life
B.
the
reasons
of
mysterious
hibermation
C.
strange
behaviors
of
species
D.
the
timing
for
different
events
in
the
world
of
species
【答案】4.
D
5.
B
6.
D
7.
A
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。主要讨论的是地球上生命的节奏，不同的物种有不同的生长规律，有不同的生活节奏，其实是由于其体内的内在机制所决定的。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据Though
many
scientists
maintain
that
these
rhythms
are
the
result
of
some
outside
force
like
gravity
or
radiation
or
both，the
results
of
most
scientific
researches
agree
with
other
scientists
who
believe
that
each
living
thing
has
its
own
built-in
biological
“time
clock."(虽然许多科学家认为这些节奏是重力或辐射等外力的结果，或者两者兼而有之，但大多数科学研究的结果与其他科学家一致，他们认为每个生物都有自己内置的生物“时间钟。”)可知，生物身上的节奏是由于其体内的生物机制所决定的，故答案为D。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据上文Scientists
can’t
really
explain
why
many
species
of
birds
migrate
in
the
autumn
even
though
the
temperature
is
still
summery.(科学家无法真正解释为什么许多鸟类在秋天迁徙，即使温度仍然是夏季。)可推断划线句The
birds
just
seem
to
snub
the
comfortable
weather
that
they
are
having．句意：鸟儿似乎在忽视它们所拥有的舒适的天气。结合下文When
a
certain
time
comes,
they
travel
south
by
the
thousand.
(
当某一时刻到来时，它们大批大批地向南旅行。)可知，候鸟不管天气如何，只要到了某个时间就会迁徙，因此推断划线词词义为“忽视”，与ignore意思相近。故答案为B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段Animals
that
hibernate(冬眠)are
obeying
individual
time
clocks，too．When
their
clock
indicates
the
time
to
take
a
winter's
nap，they
do，and
nothing
can
stop
them．At
a
certain
time
in
the
spring，they
wake
up
and
come
out
regardless
of
the
weather
outside．(冬眠的动物也遵守各自的时钟。当它们的时钟指示了一个冬天小睡的时间时，它们就会睡觉，没有什么能阻止它们。在春天的某个时候，它们醒来了，不管外面的天气如何，站起来出来。)可知，动物冬眠主要不是根据天气，而是根据内在的生物钟，故D项“每年的冬眠更多是因为天气的影响，而不是生物的功能。”错误。故答案为D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。纵观全文特别是第二段的the
results
of
most
scientific
researches
agree
with
other
scientists
who
believe
that
each
living
thing
has
its
own
built-in
biological
“time
clock.”(大多数科学研究结果与其他科学家一致，它们认为每个生物都有自己内置的生物“时间钟。”)，可知，本文主要讨论的是地球上生命的节奏，不同的物种有不同的生长规律，有不同的生活节奏，其实是由于其体内的内在机制所决定的，故答案为A。
C
In
modern
society
there
is
a
great
deal
of
argument
about
competition.
Some
value
it
highly,
believing
that
it
is
responsible
for
social
progress
and
prosperity.
Others
say
that
competition
is
bad;
that
it
sets
one
person
against
another;
that
it
leads
to
unfriendly
relationship
between
people.
I
have
taught
many
children
who
held
the
belief
that
their
self?worth
relied
on
how
well
they
performed
at
tennis
and
other
skills.
For
them,
playing
well
and
winning
are
often
life?and?death
affairs.
In
their
single?minded
pursuit
of
success,
the
development
of
many
other
human
qualities
is
sadly
forgotten.
However,
while
some
seem
to
be
lost
in
the
desire
to
succeed,
others
take
an
opposite
attitude.
In
a
culture
which
values
only
the
winner
and
pays
no
attention
to
the
ordinary
players,
they
strongly
blame
competition.
Among
the
most
vocal
are
youngsters
who
have
suffered
under
competitive
pressures
from
their
parents
or
society.
Teaching
these
young
people,
I
often
observe
in
them
a
desire
to
fail.
They
seem
to
seek
failure
by
not
trying
to
win
or
achieve
success.
By
not
trying,
they
always
have
an
excuse:
“I
may
have
lost,
but
it
doesn't
matter
because
I
really
didn't
try.”
What
is
not
usually
admitted
by
themselves
is
the
belief
that
if
they
had
really
tried
and
lost,
that
would
mean
a
lot.
Such
a
loss
would
be
a
measure
of
their
worth.
Clearly,
this
belief
is
the
same
as
that
of
the
true
competitors
who
try
to
prove
themselves.
Both
are
based
on
the
mistaken
belief
that
one's
self?respect
relies
on
how
well
one
performs
in
comparison
with
others.
Both
are
afraid
of
not
being
valued.
Only
as
this
basic
and
often
troublesome
fear
begins
to
dissolve
can
we
discover
a
new
meaning
in
competition.
8.
What
does
this
passage
mainly
talk
about?
A.
Competition
helps
to
set
up
self?respect.
B.
Opinions
about
competition
are
different
among
people.
C.
Competition
is
harmful
to
personal
quality
development.
D.
Failures
are
necessary
experiences
in
competition.
9.
The
underlined
phrase
“the
most
vocal”
in
Paragraph
3
means
________.
A.
those
who
try
their
best
to
win
B.
those
who
value
competition
most
highly
C.
those
who
are
against
competition
most
strongly
D.
those
who
rely
on
others
most
for
success
10.
What
is
the
similar
belief
of
the
true
competitors
and
those
with
a
“desire
to
fail”？
A.
One's
worth
lies
in
his
performance
compared
with
others'.
B.
One's
success
in
competition
needs
great
efforts.
C.
One's
achievement
is
determined
by
his
particular
skills.
D.
One's
success
is
based
on
how
hard
he
has
tried.
11.
Which
point
of
view
may
the
author
agree
to?
A.
Every
effort
should
be
paid
back.
B.
Fear
of
failure
should
be
removed
in
competition.
C.
Winning
should
be
a
life?and?death
matter.
D.
Competition
should
be
encouraged.
【答案】8.
B
9.
C
10.
A
11.
B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。短文主要论述了对于竞争人们的不同观点。有些人支持竞争，他们觉得这样可以使社会进步；有些人反对竞争，他们觉得竞争给人与人之间带来不友好。作者建议我们正确理解竞争的意义。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。由第一段“Some
value
it
highly,
believing
that
it
is
responsible
for
social
progress
and
prosperity.
Others
say
that
competition
is
bad;
that
it
sets
one
person
against
another;
that
it
leads
to
unfriendly
relationship
between
people”可知，一些支持竞争的人认为，竞争对社会进步是有帮助的，推进社会的向前发展和繁荣。反对竞争的人认为，竞争会挑起人们之间的斗争，给人们之间带来不友好。所以这篇文章主要讲了人们对竞争的看法各不相同。故选B项。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。由第三段“However,
while
some
seem
to
be
lost
in
the
desire
to
succeed,
others
take
an
opposite
attitude.
In
a
culture
which
values
only
the
winner
and
pays
no
attention
to
the
ordinary
players,
they
strongly
blame
competition.
Among
the
most
vocal
are
youngsters
who
have
suffered
under
competitive
pressures
from
their
parents
or
society”可知，然而，当一些人似乎迷失在成功的欲望中，另一些人持相反的态度。在一个只重视赢家而不关注普通参与者的文化中，他们强烈谴责竞争。其中最强烈反对竞争的人是那些承受着来自父母或社会竞争压力的年轻人。所以通过上下文的语境可以判断出，第3段中带下划线的短语"the
most
vocal"是指最强烈反对竞争的人。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。由最后段“Both
are
based
on
the
mistaken
belief
that
one's
self?respect
relies
on
how
well
one
performs
in
comparison
with
others”可知，两者都是基于错误的信念，即一个人的自尊取决于一个人与他人相比的表现。所以真正的竞争者和那些“渴望失败”的人有相似的信念既一个人的价值在于与别人相比的表现。故选A项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。由最后段“Only
as
this
basic
and
often
troublesome
fear
begins
to
dissolve
can
we
discover
a
new
meaning
in
competition.”可知，只有当这种基本的、令人烦恼的恐惧消失时，我们才能在竞争中发现新的意义。所以通过关键词“
fear
begins
to
dissolve，discover
a
new
meaning”可以判断出，作者在对比了两种对于竞争的不同态度之后，作者认为在竞争中应该消除对失败的恐惧。故选B项。
【点睛】抓住特定信息进行逆向或者正向推理。做此类试题要善于抓住某一段话中的关键信息，即某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断，利用逆向思维或正面推理，从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。
由最后段“Only
as
this
basic
and
often
troublesome
fear
begins
to
dissolve
can
we
discover
a
new
meaning
in
competition.”可知，只有当这种基本的、令人烦恼的恐惧消失时，我们才能在竞争中发现新的意义。所以通过关键词“
fear
begins
to
dissolve，discover
a
new
meaning”可以判断出，作者在对比了两种对于竞争的不同态度之后，作者认为在竞争中应该消除对失败的恐惧。故小题4选B项。
D
Hartley
got
to
Gentral
Slalion
nearly
an
hour
before
his
train
was
due
to
leave.
A
lifetime
in
the
theatre
had
given
him
a
healthy
—
indeed
excessive
(过分的)
—
sense
of
punctuality;
a
lifetime
of
unwanted
cups
of
coffee,
constant
checking
of
the
time,
yet
another
turn
around
the
block
before
that
all
too
often
pointless,
tiresome
audition
(试镜).
Hartley
was
75
—
pretty
fit
for
his
age,
legs
holding
lip,
memory
still
ticking
over
nicely
—
though
the
occasions
for
punctuality
were
now
rather
fewer.
But
he
was
a
creature
of
habit
and
couldn’t
change
now.
He
repaired
to
the
restaurant
purchased
a
coffee
and
a
blueberry
muffin,
tired
and
failed
to
find
a
litter-free
table.
The
coffee
was
awful,
the
muffin
was
stale
—
but
the
coffee
was
always
awful,
the
muffin
always
stale.
Hartley
refused
to
let
himself
be
annoyed.
His
visit
to
the
city
had
not
been
without
its
pleasures.
Lunch
with
an
old
actor-chum
(好友),
then
a
film
—
regrettably
not
utilizing
(利用)
his
own
talents
—
had
rounded
out
an
agreeable
day.
Hartley
was
a
good
actor,
although
the
calls
on
his
talents
were
now
infrequent.
But
really,
he
thought
draining
his
awful
coffee,
he’d
had
a
reasonably
good
career.
Something
to
be
proud
of.
But
he’d
never
had
that
break-through
part.
He
headed
for
his
platform.
Just
as
the
train
was
about
to
pull
out
a
man
ran
down
the
platform,
jumped
aboard
as
the
door
slammed
shut
and
sank
into
the
seat
next
to
Hartley.
“Cutting
it
a
bit
fine”,
he
said.
“Indeed”,
Hartley
replied.
“A
close
run
thing”.
The
man
—
forty-ish,
amiable
looking
—
gave
him
an
amused
glance.
This
brief
exchange
served
as
an
adequate
ice-breaker
and
they
chatted
their
way
through
the
outer
suburbs
and
into
the
countryside.
Having
satisfactorily
disposed
of
the
sad
state
of
the
railways,
country
versus
city
living,
his
neighbour
asked
Hartley
what
he
did—or
had
done—for
a
living.
Hartley
hated
telling
people
he
was
an
actor.
He
was
not
ashamed
of
his
job.
Not
in
the
least
but
he
had
long
tired
of
reactions
ranging
from
“what
have
I
seen
you
in”
to
“how
do
you
learn
all
those
lines”.
So
in
situations
like
this
he
simply
selected
an
occupation
from
a
former
role.
Bit
risky,
of
course.
You
say
you’re
a
doctor
and
find
yourself
meeting
the
quizzical（疑问的）gaze
of
a
heart
surgeon.
But
he’d
never
been
caught
out
and
it
was
harmless
enough
game,
Hartley
felt.
It
amused
him,
and
he’d
given
some
damn
good
performances
too.
“I’m
a
lawyer”,
he
replied.
“Retired
several
years
ago.
Property
law.
Bit
of
criminal
stuff”.
The
train
was
slowing
down.
The
man
glanced
out
of
the
window.
“My
station.
I
had
you
quite
wrong
then”.
He
stood
and
took
down
his
briefcase
from
the
overhead
rack.
“Yes,
I’d
have
said
you
were
an
actor.
The
voice
especially.
Still,
lawyers
are
actors
in
a
way,
don’t
you
think?
Plenty
of
drama
in
a
courtroom”.
The
train
drew
into
the
station.
“I’m
a
film
director.
Casting
a
feature
at
the
moment.
You
study
faces.
On
the
train.
Everywhere.
Always
on
the
lookout.
Anyway,
enjoyed
our
chat.
Bye.”
12.
What
did
Hartley
think
of
his
not
telling
his
occupation?
A.
Harmful
to
his
acting
career.
B.
Amusing
despite
the
risk
C
Helpful
to
protect
his
identity
D.
Upsetting
when
caught
out.
13.
What
can
we
learn
about
Hartley’s
travel
companion
from
the
underlined
sentence
“I
had
you
quite
wrong
then.”?
A.
He
assumed
Hartley
had
given
another
answer.
B.
He
understood
Hartley’s
profession
was
acting.
C.
He
thought
Hartley
practiced
a
different
profession.
D.
He
mistook
Hartley
for
another
person.
14.
The
use
of
the
word
“Bye”
at
the
end
of
the
story________.
A.
shows
the
readers
how
unexpectedly
Hartley’s
career
ends
B.
describes
Hanley’s
shock
on
finding
the
man
is
a
director
C.
confirms
Hartley's
lack
of
luck
in
spite
of
his
acting
skills
D.
proves
the
man
will
reconsider
giving
Hartley
a
chance
to
act
15.
Which
of
the
following
can
be
the
best
title
of
the
story?
A.
Acting
up
B.
Employ
talents
C.
Selecting
an
occupation
D.
Casting
a
feature
【答案】12.
B
13.
C
14.
C
15.
A
【解析】
【分析】本文属于记叙文。文章主要讲述了哈特利在火车上碰到了一个电影导演，互相演戏，隐藏了自己的真实职业，最终错失了一个机会。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第十一段“So
in
situations
like
this
he
simply
selected
an
occupation
from
a
former
role.
Bit
risky,
of
course.
You
say
you’re
a
doctor
and
find
yourself
meeting
the
quizzical
(疑问的)
gaze
of
a
heart
surgeon.”以及“It
amused
him,
and
he’d
given
some
damn
good
performances
too.”可知，每当遇到这样的情况，他会选择之前的一个角色作为回答。这么做是有风险的，比如你说你是一个医生，但是会遇到一个心脏外科医生怀疑的目光。但是，这也让他觉得很有趣，他也呈现了很好的表演，故选B。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据上文““I’m
a
lawyer”,
he
replied.
“Retired
several
years
ago.
Property
law.
Bit
of
criminal
stuff.””以及下文““Yes,
I’d
have
said
you
were
an
actor.
The
voice
especially.
Still,
lawyers
are
actors
in
a
way,
don’t
you
think?
Plenty
of
drama
in
a
courtroom”.”可知，哈特利告诉他是一个律师，但是他认为他是一个演员，尤其是声音。由此推知，划线部分的意思是他认为哈特利从事不同的职业，故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“I’m
a
film
director.
Casting
a
feature
at
the
moment.
You
study
faces.
On
the
train.
Everywhere.
Always
on
the
lookout.
Anyway,
enjoyed
our
chat.
Bye.”
可知，我是一名电影导演。此刻投出一个特写。你在研究面孔。在火车上。到处都是。一直在寻找。无论如何，享受我们的聊天，再见。由此推知，在故事结尾处使用“再见”这个词证实了哈特利尽管他有表演技巧仍然缺乏运气。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。阅读全文，根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了哈特利在火车上碰到了一个电影导演，互相演戏，隐藏了自己的真实职业，最终错失了一个机会。由此可知，Acting
up(运作不正常；出毛病)适合做本文最佳标题。故选A。
二、七选五
Lots
of
people
find
it
hard
to
get
up
in
the
morning
and
put
the
blame
on
the
alarm
clock.
In
fact,
the
key
to
easy
morning
wake-up
lies
in
resetting
your
body
clock.
____16____
Here’s
how
to
make
one.
____17____
In
order
to
make
a
change,
you
need
to
decide
why
it’s
important.
Do
you
want
to
get
up
in
time
to
have
breakfast
with
your
family,
get
in
some
exercise,
or
just
be
better
prepared
for
your
day?
Once
you
are
clear
about
your
reasons,
tell
your
family
or
roommates
about
the
change
you
want
to
make.
Rethink
mornings.
Now
that
you
know
why
you
want
to
wake
up,
consider
re-arranging
your
morning
activities.
If
you
want
time
to
have
breakfast
with
your
family,
save
some
time
the
night
before
by
setting
out
clothes,
shoes,
and
bags.
____18____
That's
a
quarter-hour
more
you
could
be
sleeping
if
you
bought
a
coffee
maker
with
a
timer.
____19____
If
you
are
tired
out
by
Friday
night,
sleeping
in
on
Saturday
could
sound
wonderful.
But
compensation
on
the
weekends
actually
feeds
into
your
sleepiness
the
following
week,
a
recent
study
found.
Stick
to
your
set
bedtime
and
wake-up
time,
no
matter
the
day.
Keep
a
record
and
evaluate
it
weekly.
Keep
track
of
your
efforts
and
write
down
how
you
feel.
After
you’ve
tried
a
new
methods
for
a
week,
take
a
look
at
your
record.
____20____
If
not,
take
another
look
at
other
methods
you
could
try.
A.
Reconsidering
the
15
minutes
you
spend
in
line
at
the
cafe
to
get
coffee.
B.
If
the
steps
you
take
are
working,
keep
it
up.
C.
Keep
your
sleep/wake
schedule
on
weekends.
D.
And
consider
setting
a
second
alarm.
E.
Find
the
right
motivation.
F.
A
better
plan
for
sleep
can
help.
G.
Get
a
sleep
specialist.
【答案】16.
F
17.
E
18.
A
19.
C
20.
B
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章找到了解决早上起床难这一的问题关键，并给出了解决问题的方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“In
fact,
the
key
to
easy
morning
wake-up
lies
in
resting
your
body
clock.（事实上，早上起床容易的关键在于让重置你的生物钟）”可知，早起的关键是重置生物钟，结合常识可知，要调整生物钟就要有良好的作息习惯，
F选项“A
better
plan
for
sleep
can
help.（一个更好的睡眠计划会有所帮助）”中“A
better
plan
for
sleep”正是调整生物钟的关键，另外下一句“Here’s
how
to
make
one.”中代词“one”也指代了“A
better
plan
for
sleep”。故选F项。
【17题详解】
设空处为段首中心句。根据下文“In
order
to
make
a
change,
you
need
to
decide
why
it’s
important.
(为了做出改变，你需要想清楚它为什么重要)”和“Once
you
are
clear
about
your
reason,
tell
your
family
or
roommates
about
the
change
you
want
to
make.
(一旦你清楚了原因，告诉你的家人或室友你想要做出的改变)”可知，本段讲在做出改变与调整前，要先弄清楚原因，也就是动机。E项“Find
the
right
motivation.
(找到正确的动机)”中motivation与下文中“why
it’s
important”和reason相照应。故选E项。
【18题详解】
根据段首中心句“Rethink
mornings.
(重新思考早晨)”可知本段主要讲重新思考早晨和重新规划早晨活动。A项“Reconsidering
the
15
minutes
you
spend
in
line
at
the
cafe
to
get
coffee.
(重新考虑一下你在咖啡馆等咖啡15分钟)”与其下文“That’s
a
quarter-hour
more
you
could
be
sleeping
if
you
bought
a
coffee
maker
with
a
timer.
(如果你买了一个带定时器的咖啡机，你可以多睡一刻钟)”提出了一种通过利用定时咖啡机来增加早晨睡眠时间的方法，是对中心句的呼应，且A项中Reconsidering与中心句Rethink相照应，15
minutes与下文a
quarter-hour相应照应。故选A项。
【19题详解】
设空处为段首中心句。根据下文“But
compensation
on
the
weekends
actually
feeds
into
your
sleepiness
the
following
week,
a
recent
study
found.
Stick
to
your
set
bedtime
and
wake-up
time,
no
matter
the
day.（但最近的一项研究发现，周末的睡眠补偿实际上会让你在接下来的一周嗜睡。无论哪一天，都要坚持固定的睡觉时间和起床时间）”可知，本段在强调不论什么时候都要坚持固定的睡眠习惯，周末也不例外。故选C项。
【20题详解】
根据下文“If
not,
take
another
look
at
other
methods
you
could
try.(如果没有，再看看你可以尝试的其他方法)”中省略的条件状语从句If
not可知，上文空格处需要明确省略的具体条件。B选项“If
the
steps
you
take
are
working,
keep
it
up.(如果你所采取的措施是有效的，那就坚持下去)”明确了条件是“措施是否有效”，并与下文形成一正一反的对比关系。故选B项。
三、完形填空
It’s
about
250
miles
from
the
hills
of
west-central
Iowa
to
Ehlers’
home
in
Minnesota.
During
the
long
trip
home,
following
a
weekend
of
hunting,
Ehlers
____21____about
the
small
dog
he
had
seen
____22____
alongside
the
road.
He
had
tried
to
coax
the
dog
to
him
but,
frightened,
it
had
____23____.
Back
home,
Ehlers
was
troubled
by
that
____24____
dog.
So,
four
days
later,
he
called
his
friend
Greg,
and
the
two
drove
____25____.
After
a
long
and
careful
____26____,
Greg
saw,
across
a
field,
the
dog
moving
____27____
away.
Ehlers
eventually
succeeded
in
coaxing
the
animal
to
him.
Nervousness
and
fear
were
replaced
with
joy.
It
just
started
licking
Ehlers’
face.
A
local
farmer
told
them
the
dog
sounded
like
one
____28____
as
lost
in
the
local
paper.
The
ad
had
a
phone
number
for
a
town
in
southern
Michigan.
Ehlers
____29____
the
number
of
Jeff
and
Lisa
to
tell
them
he
had
found
their
dog.
Jeff
had
______30______
in
Iowa
before
Thanksgiving
with
his
dog,
Rosie,
but
the
gun
shots
had
scared
the
dog
off.
Jeff
searched
______31______
for
Rosie
in
the
next
four
days.
Ehlers
returned
to
Minnesota,
and
then
drove
100
miles
to
Minneapolis
to
put
Rosie
on
a
flight
to
Michigan.
“It’s
good
to
know
there’s
still
someone
out
there
who
______32______
enough
to
go
to
that
kind
of
______33______,”says
Lisa
of
Ehlers’
rescue
______34______.
“I
figured
whoever
lost
the
dog
was
probably
just
as
______35______
to
it
as
I
am
to
my
dogs,”
says
Ehlers.
“If
it
had
been
my
dog,
I’d
hope
that
somebody
would
be
willing
to
go
that
extra
mile.”
21.
A.
read
B.
forgot
C.
heard
D.
thought
22.
A.
trembling
B.
fighting
C.
eating
D.
sleeping
23.
A.
calmed
down
B.
stood
up
C.
run
off
D.
rolled
over
24.
A.
injured
B.
stolen
C.
rescued
D.
lost
25.
A.
home
B.
past
C.
on
D.
back
26.
A.
preparation
B.
explanation
C.
search
D.
test
27.
A.
casually
B.
cautiously
C.
skillfully
D.
angrily
28.
A.
advertised
B.
predicted
C.
believed
D.
recorded
29.
A.
copied
B.
called
C.
counted
D.
remembered
30.
A.
skied
B.
hunted
C.
lived
D.
worked
31.
A.
on
purpose
B.
on
time
C.
in
vain
D.
in
turn
32.
A.
sees
B.
cares
C.
suffers
D.
learns
33.
A.
trouble
B.
place
C.
waste
D.
extreme
34.
A.
service
B.
plan
C.
team
D.
effort
35.
A.
equal
B.
allergic
C.
close
D.
grateful
【答案】21.
D
22.
A
23.
C
24.
D
25.
D
26.
C
27.
B
28.
A
29.
B
30.
B
31.
C
32.
B
33.
A
34.
D
35.
C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了埃勒斯和自己的朋友经过了艰苦的努力，成功地帮走失的狗狗找到了主人。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过一个周末的狩猎，在回家的漫长旅途中，埃勒斯想起了他看到的那条在路边颤抖的小狗。A.
read阅读；B.
forgot忘记；C.
heard听到；D.
thought想起。根据“He
had
tried
to
coax
the
dog
to
him
but,
frightened,
it
had
____3____.”可知埃勒斯想起了他看到的那条狗。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：埃勒斯想起了他看到的那条在路边颤抖的小狗。A.
trembling发抖；B.
fighting打架；C.
eating吃；D.
sleeping睡觉。根据“He
had
tried
to
coax
the
dog
to
him
but,
frightened,
it
had
____3____.”和“Nervousness
and
fear
were
replaced
with
joy.
It
just
started
licking
Ehlers’
face.”可知埃勒斯第一次见到这条狗时，狗很害怕，全身在颤抖。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他曾试图把狗哄到他跟前，但由于害怕，狗跑掉了。A.
calmed
down平静下来；B.
stood
up站起来；C.
run
off逃跑；D.
rolled
over翻滚。根据“frightened”以及下文作者和朋友返回去找狗的描述，可知狗逃跑了。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在家里，埃勒斯一直为那条走失的狗而烦恼。A.
injured受伤的；B.
stolen被偷的；
C.
rescued被救的；D.
lost走失的。根据“Jeff
had
_____10_____
in
Iowa
before
Thanksgiving
with
his
dog,
Rosie,
but
the
gun
shots
had
scared
the
dog
off.
Jeff
searched
_____11_____
for
Rosie
in
the
next
four
days.”可知这是一只走失的狗。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：所以，四天后，他打电话给他朋友格雷格，两人开车回去了。A.
home回家；B.
past经过；C.
on在上面；D.
back回原处。根据“After
a
long
and
careful
____6____,
Greg
saw,
across
a
field,
the
dog
moving
____7____
away.”可知埃勒斯和朋友两人开车返回了。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过长时间的仔细搜寻，格雷格看到，穿过一片田野，狗小心翼翼地走开了。A.
preparation准备；B.
explanation解释；C.
search搜寻；
D.
test测验。根据“Greg
saw,
across
a
field,
the
dog
moving
____7____
away.”可知经过长时间的仔细搜寻，他们找到了狗。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：经过长时间的仔细搜寻，格雷格看到，穿过一片田野，狗小心翼翼地走开了。A.
casually随便地；B.
cautiously谨慎地；C.
skillfully巧妙地；D.
angrily愤怒地。根据“Ehlers
eventually
succeeded
in
coaxing
the
animal
to
him.”结合生活常识，可知狗再次见到他们的时候，仍然非常小心谨慎，不敢靠近。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位当地的农民告诉他们，这只狗听起来就像当地报纸上刊登的走失的狗。A.
advertised登广告；B.
predicted预测；C.
believed相信；D.
recorded记录。根据“as
lost
in
the
local
paper.”和“The
ad
had
a
phone
number
for
a
town
in
southern
Michigan.”可知寻狗启示被刊登在当地报纸上。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：埃勒斯打电话给杰夫和丽莎，告诉他们他找到了他们的狗。A.
copied复制；B.
called打电话；C.
counted数数；D.
remembered记得。根据“The
ad
had
a
phone
number
for
a
town
in
southern
Michigan.
”和“Ehlers
____9____
the
number
of
Jeff
and
Lisa
to
tell
them
he
had
found
their
dog.”可知埃勒斯打电话给杰夫和丽莎。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：感恩节前，杰夫曾带着他的狗罗茜在爱荷华州打猎，但枪声把狗吓跑了。A.
skied滑雪；B.
hunted打猎；C.
lived生活；D.
worked工作。根据“but
the
gun
shots
had
scared
the
dog
off.”可知杰夫曾带着他的狗罗茜在爱荷华州打猎。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：杰夫在接下来的四天里一直找不到罗西。A.
on
purpose故意地；B.
on
time按时；C.
in
vain徒然；D.
in
turn轮流。根据文章描述，是埃勒斯和他的朋友打电话给杰夫，告知他狗的消息，所以杰夫在接下来的四天里一直找不到罗西，他寻找狗的工作是徒劳的。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在谈到埃勒斯的救援工作时，丽莎说:“很高兴知道仍然有人有足够的关心去面对这样的麻烦。”A.
sees看到；B.
cares关心；C.
suffers遭受；D.
learns学习。埃勒斯和他的朋友返回去找狗，并且给狗的主人打电话，足以说明埃勒斯和他的朋友关心狗狗，在乎帮狗狗回家这件事情。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在谈到埃勒斯的救援工作时，丽莎说:“很高兴知道仍然有人有足够的关心去面对这样的麻烦。”A.
trouble麻烦；B.
place地方；C.
waste浪费；D.
extreme极端。帮助走失的狗狗找到主人，这是一件比较麻烦的事情。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在谈到埃勒斯的救援工作时，丽莎说:“很高兴知道仍然有人有足够的关心去面对这样的麻烦。”A.
service服务；B.
plan计划；C.
team队；D.
effort努力。埃勒斯和朋友回去找狗，并试图接近狗，然后给狗主人打电话，这是经过了很多的努力。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：埃勒斯说:“我想，丢了狗的人大概也和它很亲近，就像我和我的狗一样。”A.
equal平等的；B.
allergic对……过敏的；C.
close接近的，亲密的；D.
grateful感谢的。根据“as
I
am
to
my
dogs”可知这里意思是丢狗人可能和狗狗关系很亲密，在急切的寻找它。故选C。
四、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The
United
Nations
believes
about
17
percent
of
the
world's
food
goes
to
waste
each
year.
That
amounts
____36____
931
million
metric
tons
of
food
being
thrown
away
from
homes,
stores
and
food
companies.
The
information
comes
from
the
U.N.
Environment
Program's
Food
Waste
Index
Report
2021.
The
report
says
food
waste
is
not
only
a
problem
in
rich
countries
like
Britain
or
the
United
States.
It
happens
in
poor
countries,
too,
____37____
food
supplies
can
go
bad
without
cold
storage.
Most
of
the
wasted
food
—
61
percent
—
comes
from
homes.
The
rest
comes
from
stores
and
food
service
companies.
The
U.N.
is
working
on
ways
to
reduce
food
waste
and
trying
to
learn
how
much
food
becomes
unusable
before
it
reaches
people.
It
hopes
the
report
will
show
countries
some
of
the
problems
so
their
governments
can
try
to
fix
____38____.
Inger
Andersen
is
the
Executive
Director
of
UNEP.
She
said,
"Reducing
food
waste
would
cut
greenhouse
gas
emissions,
slow
the
____39____(destroy)
of
nature
through
land
conversion
and
pollution."
____40____(addition),
cutting
waste
will
reduce
hunger
that
is
expected
to
rise
during
the
corona-virus
pandemic.
Researchers
say
food
waste
is
a
____41____(grow)
concern
because
of
the
large
amount
of
land
and
energy
required
to
produce
food,
raise
animals
and
plant
crops.
They
observe
that
forests
are
also
being
cleared
to
make
space
for
more
food
production.
If
food
waste
____42____(reduce),
it
may
be
possible
to
lessen
the
impact
of
its
production
on
the
world.
Some
large
problems
exist
with
the
food
supply,
but
there
are
smaller
reasons
for
waste.
The
report
mentioned
some
of
the
small
problems
that
could
be
fixed.
Sometimes
stores
offer
reduced
prices
on
larger
amounts
of
food.
When
people
buy
too
much
food,
they
do
not
always
use
it
____43____
it
goes
bad.
Also,
the
writing
on
food
containers
can
be
hard
____44____(understand).
In
some
cases,
the
manufacturers
put
a
date
that
shows
when
the
food
will
be
best
to
eat.
Sometimes
the
food
is
still
good
for
a
number
of
days
after
the
date,
but
people
will
throw
it
away.
Food
administrators
in
the
U.S.
have
asked
manufacturers
to
label
their
products
in
a
way
that
is
easier
for
people
to
understand.
In
the
U.S.,
the
Department
of
Agriculture
(USDA)
estimates
a
family
of
four
wastes
about
$1,500
worth
of
food
each
year.
Richard
Swannell
is
a
co-writer
of
the
UN
report.
He
said
people
in
rich
countries
think
differently
about
wasting
food
than
they
used
to.
Just
40
or
50
years
ago,
most
people
could
not
afford
to
waste
food.
Now
that
people
have
more
money,
they
are
not
_____45_____(as)
concerned.
But
Swannell
does
not
think
that
is
the
right
idea.
【答案】36.
to
37.
where
38.
them
39.
destruction
40.
Additionally
41.
growing
42.
is
reduced
43.
before
44.
to
understand
45.
as
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文，介绍了令人触目惊心的食物浪费现状，联合国环境规划署的《2021年食物浪费指数报告》分析了食物浪费带来的危害和原因，并希望通这一报告引起国家与个人对这一现象的重视，
【36题详解】
考查介词和固定短语。句意：那相当于有9.31亿公吨的食品被从家庭、商店和食品公司扔掉。动词短语amount
to…(总计，相当于)为固定短语，在句中作谓语。故填to。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这种情况也发生在贫穷国家，那里的食物供应如果没有冷藏可能会变坏。分析句子结构可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词poor
countries，再分析定语从句结构可知，关系词将先行词poor
countries代入定语从句中作地点状语，表示“在这些贫穷国家”，所以应使用在定语从句中作状语的关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。
【38题详解】
考查代词。句意：它希望这份报告能向各国展示一些问题，以便其政府能够设法解决这些问题。根据句意可知，政府需要设法解决的是前文提到的“some
of
the
problems(一些问题)”，复数概念,且空格处是动词fix后的宾语，所以应使用第三人称复数代词的宾格形式。故填them。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：她说：“减少食物浪费将减少温室气体排放，减缓土地转换和污染对自然的破坏。”。根据空格前冠词the和空格后作定语的介词短语of
nature可知，空格处应填入名词，作动词slow的宾语。故填destruction。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：此外，减少浪费将减少在冠状病毒大流行期间预计会增加的饥饿人群。根据空格前上文“Reducing
food
waste
would
cut
greenhouse
gas
emissions,
slow
the
____4____(destroy)
of
nature
through
land
conversion
and
pollution.(
减少食物浪费将减少温室气体排放，减缓土地转换和污染对自然的破坏)”和下文“cutting
waste
will
reduce
hunger
that
is
expected
to
rise
during
the
corona-virus
pandemic.(减少浪费将减少在冠状病毒大流行期间预计会增加的饥饿人群)”句意可知，前后句是并列关系，且空格处用逗号与主句隔开，所以应填入表示并列关系的连接副词。故填Additionally。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：研究人员说，由于生产食物、饲养动物和种植作物需要大量土地和能源，食物浪费问题越来越令人担忧。设空处在冠词与名词之间，应填入形容词作定语修饰名词concern，形容词growing表示“不断增加的，不断增强的”，符合句意。故填growing。
【42题详解】
考查谓语动词形式。句意：如果减少食物浪费，就有可能减少其生产对世界的影响。分析句子结构可知，空格处是条件状语从句中谓语动词，动词reduce（减少）与主语food
waste之间有被动关系，再根据上下文可知应使用一般现在时态，所以应填入一般现在时的被动语态，又因主语food
waste是一种行为，应视为第三人称单数。故填is
reduced。
【43题详解】
考查连词。句意：当人们买了太多的食物，他们并不总是在变质之前使用它。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填入连词连接前后分句，结合句意可知“they
do
not
always
use
it”发生在“it
goes
bad”之前，所以用并列连词before。故填before。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词和固定句型。句意：此外，食物容器上的文字可能很难理解。“主语+
be
+
adj.
+
to
do…”为固定句型,该句型中形容词表明主语的特征或性质，句中动词不定式与主语之间存在动宾关系。本句中hard表明主语the
writing
on
food
containers的特征，understand与主语the
writing
on
food
containers有动宾关系，适用该固定句型。故填to
understand。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：现在人们有了更多的钱，他们就不那么关心了。本句是省略句，完整句子是：they
are
not
as
concerned
as
before。句中第一个as是副词，用于比较，表示“像…一样，如同”，修饰其后形容词concerned。故填as。
五、写作
第一节
46.
假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom对中国文化有浓厚的兴趣。恰好你校今年暑假将为外国学生举办一场汉语夏令营活动（Chinese
Summer
Camp)，请你给她发一份邮件，邀请他参加活动。
内容包括：
1.
时间和地点；
2.
活动内容：学习日常汉语、了解中国历史和传统文化、参观博物馆等；
3.
报名方式和截止日期。
注意：
1.
词数100左右；
2.
可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear
Tom,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li
Hua
【答案】Dear
Tom，
Here
comes
a
piece
of
good
news.
Chinese
Winter
Camp,
which
is
intended
for
international
students,
is
going
to
be
held
in
our
school
this
summer
vacation.
Since
you
are
obsessed
with
Chinese
culture,
I'd
like
to
invite
you
to
join
it.
The
Camp
is
scheduled
to
last
11
days,
from
December
18
to
December
28.
It
covers
a
wide
variety
of
cultural
activities.
These
activities
range
from
studying
Chinese
daily
expressions
to
attending
some
lectures
on
Chinese
history
and
traditional
culture.
As
we
all
know,
language
is
closely
related
to
culture,
so
I'm
convinced
that
you
can
dig
out
Chinese
cultural
features
from
language
study.
In
addition,
the
Camp
provides
a
chance
for
you
to
visit
some
famous
museums,
which
is
the
best
way
to
learn
about
the
country.
By
admiring
the
historical
relics,
you
will
definitely
gain
a
better
understanding
of
the
country.
If
you
want
to
be
part
of
it,
please
sign
up
for
it
before
December
2rd
at
our
school
website.
Looking
forward
to
your
early
reply.
Yours,
Li
Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于邀请信，要求考生给美国朋友Tom写信，邀请他参加今年暑假为外国学生举办的汉语夏令营活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
打算，计划：intend→
plan/
propose
对……着迷：be
obsessed
with→
be
crazy
about
包括：cover→
include
说服，劝说：convince→
persuade
当然，肯定地：definitely→
certainly
2.句式拓展
原句：It
covers
a
wide
variety
of
cultural
activities.
These
activities
range
from
studying
Chinese
daily
expressions
to
attending
some
lectures
on
Chinese
history
and
traditional
culture.
拓展句：It
covers
a
wide
variety
of
cultural
activities
ranging
from
studying
Chinese
daily
expressions
to
attending
some
lectures
on
Chinese
history
and
traditional
culture.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
Chinese
Winter
Camp,
which
is
intended
for
international
students,
is
going
to
be
held
in
our
school
this
summer
vacation.
(运用了which引导的定语从句)
[高分句型2]
If
you
want
to
be
part
of
it,
please
sign
up
for
it
before
December
2d
at
our
school
website.
(运用了if引导的条件状语从句)
第二节
47.
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On
Sunday,Nicholas,
a
teenager,
went
skiing
with
his
father
at
Sugarloaf
Mountain
in
Maine.
They
had
a
wonderful
day
and
decided
to
drive
home
to
Massachusetts
after
a
final
run.
They
took
a
chairlift
to
the
top
of
the
mountain,
where
they
split
up
to
go
down
in
different
trails.
When
the
father
finished
his
run,
he
headed
to
the
parking
lot
to
wait
for
his
son.
However,
Nicholas
never
showed
up.
It
turned
out
that
a
fierce
snowstorm
had
swept
into
the
area
as
Nicholas
was
on
his
way
down.
Unable
to
see
far,
he
accidentally
turned
off
the
path
and
ventured
down
the
west
side
of
the
mountain.
Before
he
knew
it,
Nicholas
was
lost
and
all
alone.
His
way
back
to
the
ski
trails
was
blocked.
What's
worse,
he
didn't
have
any
food
or
water
with
him,
let
alone
his
cell
phone
or
other
supplies.
The
sun
began
to
sink
and
he
was
getting
colder
by
the
minute.
Nicholas
had
no
idea
where
he
was.
He
tried
not
to
panic.
He
thought
about
Bear
Grylls'
survival
show
Man
vs.
Wild
that
he
used
to
watch
on
TV.
In
the
show,
Grylls
is
abandoned
in
a
wild
area
and
has
to
help
himself
out.
It
was
time
to
put
the
tips
he
had
learned
to
use.
He
decided
to
stop
moving
around.
He
needed
the
energy,
and
the
winds
weren't
as
strong
in
the
valley
where
he
stood
as
they
were
up
on
the
mountain.
Plus,
there
was
a
better
chance
of
someone
finding
him
if
he
stayed
put.
The
first
thing
he
did
was
to
seek
shelter
from
the
freezing
wind
and
snow.
Using
his
skis,
Nicholas
built
a
snow
cave.
He
gathered
a
huge
mass
of
snow
and
dug
out
a
hole
in
the
middle.
Then
he
piled
branches
on
top
of
himself,
like
a
blanket,
to
stay
as
warm
as
he
could.
When
evening
came,
Nicholas
was
really
hungry.
He
ate
some
snow
and
drank
some
water
from
nearby
stream
so
that
he
wouldn't
dehydrate
(脱水）。
Then
he
returned
to
his
cave
and
slept.
Paragraph
1:
When
Nicholas
didn't
show
up,
his
father
realized
there
must
be
something
wrong.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph
2:
The
next
day,Nicholas
heard
the
sound
of
a
snowmobile.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
When
Nicholas
didn't
show
up,
his
father
realized
there
must
be
something
wrong.The
father
contacted
the
police,and
a
search
team
was
gathered
to
look
for
the
missing
teenager.
Although
the
weather
condition
was
poor
and
the
wind
was
still
fierce,they
didn't
lose
hope
of
finding
Nicholas
alive.However,they
knew
the
clock
was
ticking,and
Nicholas
stood
a
better
chance
of
survival
the
earlier
they
found
him.The
team
split
up,and
one
of
the
searchers
who
knew
the
area
better
decided
to
sweep
a
mountain
trail
he
used
to
hike
up.
The
next
day,
Nicholas
heard
the
sound
of
a
snowmobile.
He
went
out
and
followed
the
sound
to
find
help.
He
had
walked
for
about
a
mile
when
he
heard
someone
calling
his
name.
He
moved
towards
the
sound,and
sure
enough,a
few
minutes
later,
he
came
face
to
face
with
the
searcher.
Despite
feeling
weak,Nicholas
was
generally
in
a
good
condition,and
he
was
really
happy
as
he
was
carried
back
to
the
ski
resort
to
reunite
with
his
family.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，十几岁的尼古拉斯和父亲去缅因州的Sugarloaf
Mountain滑雪，在下山的时候，古拉斯已经迷失了方向，孤身一人。他想起了以前在电视上看的贝尔·格里尔斯(Bear
Grylls)的生存节目“荒野求生”，成功自救并最终获救的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
由第一段首句内容“当尼古拉斯没有出现时，他的父亲意识到一定出了什么事”可知，第一段可描写尼古拉斯的父亲报了警，警察以及派出小分队寻找尼古拉斯的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“第二天，尼古拉斯听到了雪地摩托的声音。”可知，第二段可描写尼古拉斯被救的过程以及尼古拉斯的状况。
2.续写线索：意识到出了什么事情——报警——救援队出去搜索——发现尼古拉斯——状况良好以及精神状态——与家人团聚
3.词汇激活
行为类
意识到出了什么事情：realized/
be
something
wrong/
救援队出去搜索：look
for/
search/
lose
hope
of/find/
sweep
a
mountain
trail
发现尼古拉斯：
follow
the
sound/
move/
came
face
to
face
情绪类
①状况良好以及精神状态：weak/
good
/
happy
/
delighted/
pleased
【点睛】[高分句型1]Although
the
weather
condition
was
poor
and
the
wind
was
still
fierce,they
didn't
lose
hope
of
finding
Nicholas
alive.although引导的让步状语从句。
[高分句型2]
The
team
split
up,and
one
of
the
searchers
who
knew
the
area
better
decided
to
sweep
a
mountain
trail
he
used
to
hike
up.who引导的定语从句。2020-2021学年
南京一中
高二下学期期中考试试卷
一、阅读
A
A
Schengen
visa
is
a
short-stay
visa
awarded
to
persons
wishing
to
travel
to
one
or
many
of
the
countries
that
make
of
the
26
European
country
Schengen
Area.
It
grants
(授予)
each
holder
entry
to
all
the
countries
in
the
area
on
a
single
visa.
Several
new
Schengen
visa
application
rules
came
into
force
in
all
countries
on
February
2,
2020.
Check
out
some
of
the
major
changes:
Increased
visa
fees
The
Schengen
visa
fee
has
increased
from
60
euros
to
80
for
adults,
while
children
aged
between
6
and
12
now
need
to
pay
40
euros
instead
of
35.
The
rise
in
fees
is
to
increase
staff
numbers,
ensure
stronger
security
screenings,
and
upgrade
IT
equipment
and
software,
according
to
the
European
Commission.
Electronic
application
form
The
application
process
has
been
greatly
simplified.
Schengen
member
states
now
accept
electronic
applications,
and
the
application
form
can
be
signed
and
submitted
electronically.
Longer
application
submission
periods
Schengen
visa
applicants
used
to
apply
as
early
as
three
months
ahead
of
their
trip.
Today
applications
can
be
submitted
up
to
six
months
in
advance.
Benefits
for
frequent
travelers
Those
who
have
previously
visited
the
Schengen
Area
and
have
a
positive
visa
history
will
be
granted
the
opportunity
to
get
a
multiple-entry
visa
valid
for
up
to
five
years.
That
is,
people
who
have
lawfully
used
their
previous
visas,
have
a
good
economic
standing
in
their
home
countries,
and
intend
to
leave
the
area
before
their
Schengen
visa
expires
(过期)
will
now
have
the
chance
to
get
a
visa
for
up
to
five
years
with
multiple
entries.
1.
If
a
couple
with
a
seven-year-old
kid
apply
for
Schengen
visas,
how
much
should
they
pay
under
the
new
rules?
A.
45
euros.
B.
80
euros.
C.
155
euros.
D.
200
euros.
2.
When
applying
for
a
Schengen
visa
now,
you
can
.
A.
upgrade
your
computer
software
B.
hand
in
an
electronic
application
form
C.
get
all
your
materials
ready
before
February
2
D.
turn
in
your
application
9
months
in
advance
3.
To
frequent
travelers
to
the
Schengen
Area,
the
new
rules
are
more
.
A.
specific
B.
complicated
C.
favourable
D.
rigid
B
It
is
one
of
the
greatest
mysteries
of
nature.
In
case
you
haven’t
noticed,
all
living
things
follow
very
definite,
individual
rhythms,
all
as
regular
as
a
clock,
but
what
makes
them
regular?
Though
many
scientists
maintain
that
these
rhythms
are
the
result
of
some
outside
force
like
gravity
or
radiation
or
both,
the
results
of
most
scientific
researches
agree
with
other
scientists
who
believe
that
each
living
thing
has
its
own
built-in
biological
“time
clock.”
Take
the
mystery
of
migration
for
example.
Scientists
can’t
really
explain
why
many
species
of
birds
migrate
in
the
autumn
even
though
the
temperature
is
still
summery.
The
birds
just
seem
to
snub
the
comfortable
weather
that
they
are
having.
When
a
certain
time
comes,
they
travel
south
by
the
thousand.
In
spring
time,
they
migrate
northwards
when
though
there
probably
is
snow
still
covering
the
ground
when
they
finally
arrive.
Something
said
“go”,
and
they
did.
Animals
that
hibernate
are
obeying
individual
time
clock,
too.
When
their
clock
indicates
the
time
to
take
a
winter’s
nap,
they
do,
and
nothing
can
stop
them.
At
a
certain
time
in
the
spring,
they
wake
up
and
come
out
regardless
of
the
weather
outside.
Plants
appear
to
have
yearly
rhythms,
such
as
the
sprouting(发芽)of
seeds,
and
they
also
have
daily
rhythms.
Notice
sometimes
that
plants
raise
their
leaves
in
daylight
and
lower
them
at
night.
If
you
live
along
the
California
coast,
you
can
easily
observe
a
demonstration
of
this
mysterious
clock
functioning
regularly.
There,
from
February
to
September,
the
highest
tides
occur
exactly
every
fourteen
and
four-fifths
days,
and
during
these
high
tides,
but
at
no
other
time,
small
silvery
fish
called
grunions
surf-ride
a
wave
to
the
beach.
There
the
female
deposits
her
eggs
in
the
sand
and
the
male,
fertilize
them;
then
both
hitch
a
wave-ride
back
to
the
sea.
Exactly
fourteen
and
four-fifths
days
later,
never
before
or
after,
the
tiny
eggs
hatch,
and
the
high
tide
carries
the
new
habits
out
to
sea.
4.
According
to
the
passage,
the
mysterious
rhythms
result
from
________.
A.
the
influence
of
gravity
on
living
species
B.
the
effect
of
radiation
on
living
species
C.
the
influence
of
a
mysterious
outer
force
on
living
species
D.
the
internal
mechanism
inside
the
living
species
5.
The
underlined
word
“snub”
in
the
third
paragraph
probably
means
________.
A.
fight
B.
ignore
C.
symbolize
D.
criticize
6.
Which
of
the
following
statements
is
NOT
TRUE?
A.
Hibernating
animals
are
obeying
an
internal
time
clock.
B.
The
positioning
of
the
leaves
of
some
plants
is
due
to
the
daily
rhythms.
C.
The
internal
clock
functioning
is
demonstrated
in
the
reproducing
habits
of
grunions.
D.
The
yearly
hibernation
is
more
because
of
the
weather
influence
than
the
biological
functioning.
7.
The
passage
is
mainly
about
________.
A.
the
rhythms
of
life
B.
the
reasons
of
mysterious
hibermation
C.
strange
behaviors
of
species
D.
the
timing
for
different
events
in
the
world
of
species
C
In
modern
society
there
is
a
great
deal
of
argument
about
competition.
Some
value
it
highly,
believing
that
it
is
responsible
for
social
progress
and
prosperity.
Others
say
that
competition
is
bad;
that
it
sets
one
person
against
another;
that
it
leads
to
unfriendly
relationship
between
people.
I
have
taught
many
children
who
held
the
belief
that
their
self?worth
relied
on
how
well
they
performed
at
tennis
and
other
skills.
For
them,
playing
well
and
winning
are
often
life?and?death
affairs.
In
their
single?minded
pursuit
of
success,
the
development
of
many
other
human
qualities
is
sadly
forgotten.
However,
while
some
seem
to
be
lost
in
the
desire
to
succeed,
others
take
an
opposite
attitude.
In
a
culture
which
values
only
the
winner
and
pays
no
attention
to
the
ordinary
players,
they
strongly
blame
competition.
Among
the
most
vocal
are
youngsters
who
have
suffered
under
competitive
pressures
from
their
parents
or
society.
Teaching
these
young
people,
I
often
observe
in
them
a
desire
to
fail.
They
seem
to
seek
failure
by
not
trying
to
win
or
achieve
success.
By
not
trying,
they
always
have
an
excuse:
“I
may
have
lost,
but
it
doesn't
matter
because
I
really
didn't
try.”
What
is
not
usually
admitted
by
themselves
is
the
belief
that
if
they
had
really
tried
and
lost,
that
would
mean
a
lot.
Such
a
loss
would
be
a
measure
of
their
worth.
Clearly,
this
belief
is
the
same
as
that
of
the
true
competitors
who
try
to
prove
themselves.
Both
are
based
on
the
mistaken
belief
that
one's
self?respect
relies
on
how
well
one
performs
in
comparison
with
others.
Both
are
afraid
of
not
being
valued.
Only
as
this
basic
and
often
troublesome
fear
begins
to
dissolve
can
we
discover
a
new
meaning
in
competition.
8.
What
does
this
passage
mainly
talk
about?
A.
Competition
helps
to
set
up
self?respect.
B.
Opinions
about
competition
are
different
among
people.
C.
Competition
is
harmful
to
personal
quality
development.
D.
Failures
are
necessary
experiences
in
competition.
9.
The
underlined
phrase
“the
most
vocal”
in
Paragraph
3
means
________.
A.
those
who
try
their
best
to
win
B.
those
who
value
competition
most
highly
C.
those
who
are
against
competition
most
strongly
D.
those
who
rely
on
others
most
for
success
10.
What
is
the
similar
belief
of
the
true
competitors
and
those
with
a
“desire
to
fail”？
A.
One's
worth
lies
in
his
performance
compared
with
others'.
B.
One's
success
in
competition
needs
great
efforts.
C.
One's
achievement
is
determined
by
his
particular
skills.
D.
One's
success
is
based
on
how
hard
he
has
tried.
11.
Which
point
of
view
may
the
author
agree
to?
A.
Every
effort
should
be
paid
back.
B
Fear
of
failure
should
be
removed
in
competition.
C.
Winning
should
be
a
life?and?death
matter.
D.
Competition
should
be
encouraged.
D
Hartley
got
to
Gentral
Slalion
nearly
an
hour
before
his
train
was
due
to
leave.
A
lifetime
in
the
theatre
had
given
him
a
healthy
—
indeed
excessive
(过分的)
—
sense
of
punctuality;
a
lifetime
of
unwanted
cups
of
coffee,
constant
checking
of
the
time,
yet
another
turn
around
the
block
before
that
all
too
often
pointless,
tiresome
audition
(试镜).
Hartley
was
75
—
pretty
fit
for
his
age,
legs
holding
lip,
memory
still
ticking
over
nicely
—
though
the
occasions
for
punctuality
were
now
rather
fewer.
But
he
was
a
creature
of
habit
and
couldn’t
change
now.
He
repaired
to
the
restaurant
purchased
a
coffee
and
a
blueberry
muffin,
tired
and
failed
to
find
a
litter-free
table.
The
coffee
was
awful,
the
muffin
was
stale
—
but
the
coffee
was
always
awful,
the
muffin
always
stale.
Hartley
refused
to
let
himself
be
annoyed.
His
visit
to
the
city
had
not
been
without
its
pleasures.
Lunch
with
an
old
actor-chum
(好友),
then
a
film
—
regrettably
not
utilizing
(利用)
his
own
talents
—
had
rounded
out
an
agreeable
day.
Hartley
was
a
good
actor,
although
the
calls
on
his
talents
were
now
infrequent.
But
really,
he
thought
draining
his
awful
coffee,
he’d
had
a
reasonably
good
career.
Something
to
be
proud
of.
But
he’d
never
had
that
break-through
part.
He
headed
for
his
platform.
Just
as
the
train
was
about
to
pull
out
a
man
ran
down
the
platform,
jumped
aboard
as
the
door
slammed
shut
and
sank
into
the
seat
next
to
Hartley.
“Cutting
it
a
bit
fine”,
he
said.
“Indeed”,
Hartley
replied.
“A
close
run
thing”.
The
man
—
forty-ish,
amiable
looking
—
gave
him
an
amused
glance.
This
brief
exchange
served
as
an
adequate
ice-breaker
and
they
chatted
their
way
through
the
outer
suburbs
and
into
the
countryside.
Having
satisfactorily
disposed
of
the
sad
state
of
the
railways,
country
versus
city
living,
his
neighbour
asked
Hartley
what
he
did—or
had
done—for
a
living.
Hartley
hated
telling
people
he
was
an
actor.
He
was
not
ashamed
of
his
job.
Not
in
the
least,
but
he
had
long
tired
of
reactions
ranging
from
“what
have
I
seen
you
in”
to
“how
do
you
learn
all
those
lines”.
So
in
situations
like
this
he
simply
selected
an
occupation
from
a
former
role.
Bit
risky,
of
course.
You
say
you’re
a
doctor
and
find
yourself
meeting
the
quizzical（疑问的）gaze
of
a
heart
surgeon.
But
he’d
never
been
caught
out
and
it
was
harmless
enough
game,
Hartley
felt.
It
amused
him,
and
he’d
given
some
damn
good
performances
too.
“I’m
a
lawyer”,
he
replied.
“Retired
several
years
ago.
Property
law.
Bit
of
criminal
stuff”.
The
train
was
slowing
down.
The
man
glanced
out
of
the
window.
“My
station.
I
had
you
quite
wrong
then”.
He
stood
and
took
down
his
briefcase
from
the
overhead
rack.
“Yes,
I’d
have
said
you
were
an
actor.
The
voice
especially.
Still,
lawyers
are
actors
in
a
way,
don’t
you
think?
Plenty
of
drama
in
a
courtroom”.
The
train
drew
into
the
station.
“I’m
a
film
director.
Casting
a
feature
at
the
moment.
You
study
faces.
On
the
train.
Everywhere.
Always
on
the
lookout.
Anyway,
enjoyed
our
chat.
Bye.”
12.
What
did
Hartley
think
of
his
not
telling
his
occupation?
A.
Harmful
to
his
acting
career.
B.
Amusing
despite
the
risk
C.
Helpful
to
protect
his
identity
D.
Upsetting
when
caught
out.
13.
What
can
we
learn
about
Hartley’s
travel
companion
from
the
underlined
sentence
“I
had
you
quite
wrong
then.”?
A.
He
assumed
Hartley
had
given
another
answer.
B.
He
understood
Hartley’s
profession
was
acting.
C.
He
thought
Hartley
practiced
a
different
profession.
D
He
mistook
Hartley
for
another
person.
14.
The
use
of
the
word
“Bye”
at
the
end
of
the
story________.
A.
shows
the
readers
how
unexpectedly
Hartley’s
career
ends
B.
describes
Hanley’s
shock
on
finding
the
man
is
a
director
C.
confirms
Hartley's
lack
of
luck
in
spite
of
his
acting
skills
D.
proves
the
man
will
reconsider
giving
Hartley
a
chance
to
act
15.
Which
of
the
following
can
be
the
best
title
of
the
story?
A.
Acting
up
B.
Employ
talents
C.
Selecting
an
occupation
D.
Casting
a
feature
二、七选五
Lots
of
people
find
it
hard
to
get
up
in
the
morning
and
put
the
blame
on
the
alarm
clock.
In
fact,
the
key
to
easy
morning
wake-up
lies
in
resetting
your
body
clock.
____16____
Here’s
how
to
make
one.
____17____
In
order
to
make
a
change,
you
need
to
decide
why
it’s
important.
Do
you
want
to
get
up
in
time
to
have
breakfast
with
your
family,
get
in
some
exercise,
or
just
be
better
prepared
for
your
day?
Once
you
are
clear
about
your
reasons,
tell
your
family
or
roommates
about
the
change
you
want
to
make.
Rethink
mornings.
Now
that
you
know
why
you
want
to
wake
up,
consider
re-arranging
your
morning
activities.
If
you
want
time
to
have
breakfast
with
your
family,
save
some
time
the
night
before
by
setting
out
clothes,
shoes,
and
bags.
____18____
That's
a
quarter-hour
more
you
could
be
sleeping
if
you
bought
a
coffee
maker
with
a
timer.
____19____
If
you
are
tired
out
by
Friday
night,
sleeping
in
on
Saturday
could
sound
wonderful.
But
compensation
on
the
weekends
actually
feeds
into
your
sleepiness
the
following
week,
a
recent
study
found.
Stick
to
your
set
bedtime
and
wake-up
time,
no
matter
the
day.
Keep
a
record
and
evaluate
it
weekly.
Keep
track
of
your
efforts
and
write
down
how
you
feel.
After
you’ve
tried
a
new
methods
for
a
week
take
a
look
at
your
record.
____20____
If
not,
take
another
look
at
other
methods
you
could
try.
A.
Reconsidering
the
15
minutes
you
spend
in
line
at
the
cafe
to
get
coffee.
B.
If
the
steps
you
take
are
working,
keep
it
up.
C.
Keep
your
sleep/wake
schedule
on
weekends.
D.
And
consider
setting
a
second
alarm.
E.
Find
the
right
motivation.
F.
A
better
plan
for
sleep
can
help.
G.
Get
a
sleep
specialist.
三、完形填空
It’s
about
250
miles
from
the
hills
of
west-central
Iowa
to
Ehlers’
home
in
Minnesota.
During
the
long
trip
home,
following
a
weekend
of
hunting,
Ehlers
____21____about
the
small
dog
he
had
seen
____22____
alongside
the
road.
He
had
tried
to
coax
the
dog
to
him
but,
frightened,
it
had
____23____.
Back
home,
Ehlers
was
troubled
by
that
____24____
dog.
So,
four
days
later,
he
called
his
friend
Greg,
and
the
two
drove
____25____.
After
a
long
and
careful
____26____,
Greg
saw,
across
a
field,
the
dog
moving
____27____
away.
Ehlers
eventually
succeeded
in
coaxing
the
animal
to
him.
Nervousness
and
fear
were
replaced
with
joy.
It
just
started
licking
Ehlers’
face.
A
local
farmer
told
them
the
dog
sounded
like
one
____28____
as
lost
in
the
local
paper.
The
ad
had
a
phone
number
for
a
town
in
southern
Michigan.
Ehlers
____29____
the
number
of
Jeff
and
Lisa
to
tell
them
he
had
found
their
dog.
Jeff
had
______30______
in
Iowa
before
Thanksgiving
with
his
dog,
Rosie,
but
the
gun
shots
had
scared
the
dog
off.
Jeff
searched
______31______
for
Rosie
in
the
next
four
days.
Ehlers
returned
to
Minnesota,
and
then
drove
100
miles
to
Minneapolis
to
put
Rosie
on
a
flight
to
Michigan.
“It’s
good
to
know
there’s
still
someone
out
there
who
______32______
enough
to
go
to
that
kind
of
______33______,”says
Lisa
of
Ehlers’
rescue
______34______.
“I
figured
whoever
lost
the
dog
was
probably
just
as
______35______
to
it
as
I
am
to
my
dogs,”
says
Ehlers.
“If
it
had
been
my
dog,
I’d
hope
that
somebody
would
be
willing
to
go
that
extra
mile.”
21.
A.
read
B.
forgot
C.
heard
D.
thought
22.
A.
trembling
B.
fighting
C.
eating
D.
sleeping
23.
A.
calmed
down
B.
stood
up
C.
run
off
D.
rolled
over
24.
A.
injured
B.
stolen
C.
rescued
D.
lost
25.
A.
home
B.
past
C.
on
D.
back
26.
A.
preparation
B.
explanation
C.
search
D.
test
27.
A.
casually
B.
cautiously
C.
skillfully
D.
angrily
28
A.
advertised
B.
predicted
C.
believed
D.
recorded
29.
A.
copied
B.
called
C.
counted
D.
remembered
30.
A.
skied
B.
hunted
C.
lived
D.
worked
31.
A.
on
purpose
B.
on
time
C.
in
vain
D.
in
turn
32.
A.
sees
B.
cares
C.
suffers
D.
learns
33.
A.
trouble
B.
place
C.
waste
D.
extreme
34.
A.
service
B.
plan
C.
team
D.
effort
35.
A.
equal
B.
allergic
C.
close
D.
grateful
四、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The
United
Nations
believes
about
17
percent
of
the
world's
food
goes
to
waste
each
year.
That
amounts
____36____
931
million
metric
tons
of
food
being
thrown
away
from
homes,
stores
and
food
companies.
The
information
comes
from
the
U.N.
Environment
Program's
Food
Waste
Index
Report
2021.
The
report
says
food
waste
is
not
only
a
problem
in
rich
countries
like
Britain
or
the
United
States.
It
happens
in
poor
countries,
too,
____37____
food
supplies
can
go
bad
without
cold
storage.
Most
of
the
wasted
food
—
61
percent
—
comes
from
homes.
The
rest
comes
from
stores
and
food
service
companies.
The
U.N.
is
working
on
ways
to
reduce
food
waste
and
trying
to
learn
how
much
food
becomes
unusable
before
it
reaches
people.
It
hopes
the
report
will
show
countries
some
of
the
problems
so
their
governments
can
try
to
fix
____38____.
Inger
Andersen
is
the
Executive
Director
of
UNEP.
She
said,
"Reducing
food
waste
would
cut
greenhouse
gas
emissions,
slow
the
____39____(destroy)
of
nature
through
land
conversion
and
pollution."
____40____(addition),
cutting
waste
will
reduce
hunger
that
is
expected
to
rise
during
the
corona-virus
pandemic.
Researchers
say
food
waste
is
a
____41____(grow)
concern
because
of
the
large
amount
of
land
and
energy
required
to
produce
food,
raise
animals
and
plant
crops.
They
observe
that
forests
are
also
being
cleared
to
make
space
for
more
food
production.
If
food
waste
____42____(reduce),
it
may
be
possible
to
lessen
the
impact
of
its
production
on
the
world.
Some
large
problems
exist
with
the
food
supply,
but
there
are
smaller
reasons
for
waste.
The
report
mentioned
some
of
the
small
problems
that
could
be
fixed.
Sometimes
stores
offer
reduced
prices
on
larger
amounts
of
food.
When
people
buy
too
much
food,
they
do
not
always
use
it
____43____
it
goes
bad.
Also,
the
writing
on
food
containers
can
be
hard
____44____(understand).
In
some
cases,
the
manufacturers
put
a
date
that
shows
when
the
food
will
be
best
to
eat.
Sometimes
the
food
is
still
good
for
a
number
of
days
after
the
date,
but
people
will
throw
it
away.
Food
administrators
in
the
U.S.
have
asked
manufacturers
to
label
their
products
in
a
way
that
is
easier
for
people
to
understand.
In
the
U.S.,
the
Department
of
Agriculture
(USDA)
estimates
a
family
of
four
wastes
about
$1,500
worth
of
food
each
year.
Richard
Swannell
is
a
co-writer
of
the
UN
report.
He
said
people
in
rich
countries
think
differently
about
wasting
food
than
they
used
to.
Just
40
or
50
years
ago,
most
people
could
not
afford
to
waste
food.
Now
that
people
have
more
money,
they
are
not
_____45_____(as)
concerned.
But
Swannell
does
not
think
that
is
the
right
idea.
五、写作
第一节
46.
假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom对中国文化有浓厚的兴趣。恰好你校今年暑假将为外国学生举办一场汉语夏令营活动（Chinese
Summer
Camp)，请你给她发一份邮件，邀请他参加活动。
内容包括：
1.
时间和地点；
2.
活动内容：学习日常汉语、了解中国历史和传统文化、参观博物馆等；
3.
报名方式和截止日期
注意：
1.
词数100左右；
2.
可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear
Tom,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li
Hua
第二节
47.
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On
Sunday,Nicholas,
a
teenager,
went
skiing
with
his
father
at
Sugarloaf
Mountain
in
Maine.
They
had
a
wonderful
day
and
decided
to
drive
home
to
Massachusetts
after
a
final
run.
They
took
a
chairlift
to
the
top
of
the
mountain,
where
they
split
up
to
go
down
in
different
trails.
When
the
father
finished
his
run,
he
headed
to
the
parking
lot
to
wait
for
his
son.
However,
Nicholas
never
showed
up.
It
turned
out
that
a
fierce
snowstorm
had
swept
into
the
area
as
Nicholas
was
on
his
way
down.
Unable
to
see
far,
he
accidentally
turned
off
the
path
and
ventured
down
the
west
side
of
the
mountain.
Before
he
knew
it,
Nicholas
was
lost
and
all
alone.
His
way
back
to
the
ski
trails
was
blocked.
What's
worse,
he
didn't
have
any
food
or
water
with
him,
let
alone
his
cell
phone
or
other
supplies.
The
sun
began
to
sink
and
he
was
getting
colder
by
the
minute.
Nicholas
had
no
idea
where
he
was.
He
tried
not
to
panic.
He
thought
about
Bear
Grylls'
survival
show
Man
vs.
Wild
that
he
used
to
watch
on
TV.
In
the
show,
Grylls
is
abandoned
in
a
wild
area
and
has
to
help
himself
out.
It
was
time
to
put
the
tips
he
had
learned
to
use.
He
decided
to
stop
moving
around.
He
needed
the
energy,
and
the
winds
weren't
as
strong
in
the
valley
where
he
stood
as
they
were
up
on
the
mountain.
Plus,
there
was
a
better
chance
of
someone
finding
him
if
he
stayed
put.
The
first
thing
he
did
was
to
seek
shelter
from
the
freezing
wind
and
snow.
Using
his
skis,
Nicholas
built
a
snow
cave.
He
gathered
a
huge
mass
of
snow
and
dug
out
a
hole
in
the
middle.
Then
he
piled
branches
on
top
of
himself,
like
a
blanket,
to
stay
as
warm
as
he
could.
When
evening
came,
Nicholas
was
really
hungry.
He
ate
some
snow
and
drank
some
water
from
nearby
stream
so
that
he
wouldn't
dehydrate
(脱水）。
Then
he
returned
to
his
cave
and
slept.
Paragraph
1:
When
Nicholas
didn't
show
up,
his
father
realized
there
must
be
something
wrong.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph
2:
The
next
day,Nicholas
heard
the
sound
of
a
snowmobile.
