2012年中考英语语法复习—非谓语动词

(共23张PPT)
动词不定式
动名词
基本形式及特点
用法
注意事项
动词不定式
（1）基本形式：
to+动词原形 （在某些情况下可以不带 to）
（2）特点 ：
A .没有人称和数的变化
C . 有时态和语态的变化（被动语态的形式为 to be + 动词过去分词）
B . 可以有自己的宾语和状语
动词不定式
(3) 用法 ：
A、作主语，如
To learn a foreign language is not easy . = It’s not easy to learn a foreign language.
注意：不定式短语作主语如果太长，常用IT作形式主语，将不定式后置。除动词be外， 动词take也常用于上述结构。
B、作表语，如
The important thing is to finish the work on time .
动词不定式
作宾语
C、
动词 + to do
动词+疑问词 + to do
动词 + it(形式宾语）+宾补 +to do
常见动词有 agree,arrange decide ,fail, hope, wish , want, plan 等
I don’t know what to do .
I find it important to learn English.
动词不定式
D、
作宾补
动词 + 宾语 +to do
动词 + 宾语 + do
Li Mei asked me to show her the new dictionary .
注：有以上结构的常用动词有 tell. wish, ask, want , like, beg, invite,warn, allow,encourage,advise 等。
(不带 to 的不定式)
注：常用的动词是：感官动词see, hear, feel, watch, notice； 使役动词 have ,make,let.
动词不定式的否定形式为：
not + to do
Mr.Smith asked the boy ___________(not play) this kind of game.
not to play
Please have him __________(not do) so much housework.
not do
基本形式及特征
用法
注意
基本形式
特点
动词原形 + ing
1、具有名词、动词的一些特征。
2、有时态和语态的变化
用法
1、作主语
Picking apples is much better than having classes.
2、作宾语
（1）只能接动名词做宾语的动词有miss, finish, mind, keep,deny,suggest , practice, enjoy, 等。
（2）既可接动词不定式又可接动名词作宾语的动词有两类：
意义区分不大：begin , start, like, love, hate, prefer 等。
意义不同：remember, forget, stop, go on , try 等
3、作表语
His favorite sport is playing basketball .
4、作定语
shopping bag
1、动名词的 复合结构为：
名词所有格
形容词性物主代词
+ 动名词
Do you mind _________the window
me to open b. I open
c.my opening d. me opening
c
2、动名词的习惯用语：
a. It’s no use doing sth.做什么事是没用的
b. can’t help doing sth情不自禁地干某事.
c. feel like doing sth喜欢做某事.
d. be busy doing sth.忙于做某事
1.I’ve worked with children before, so I know what ___ in my job.
. expected . to expect . to be expecting . expects
2.The patient was warned ____ oily food after the operation.
. to eat not . eating not . not to eat . not eat
. 3.The speaker raised his voice but still couldn’t make himself____ .
.hear . to hear . hearing . heard
4.--I usually go there by train.
--Why not ____ by boat for a change
. to try going . trying to go . to try and go . try going
＿
6. She can’t help ____ the house because she’s busy making a cake.
. to clean . cleaning . cleaned . being cleaned
5. How about the two of us ____ a walk down the garden
. to take . take . taking . to be taking
7.He gave us some advice on how____ English.
.learning . learned . to learn . learn
8.Is______necessary to change trains at Beijing
. this . that . it . he
9.Our father often told us in the past that _____is believing.
.to see .seeing .see .to be seen
10.She reached the top of the hill and stopped_____on a big rock by the side of the path.
.to have rested .resting .to rest .rest
8.Is______necessary to change trains at Beijing
. this . that . it . he
9.Our father often told us in the past that _____is believing.
.to see .seeing .see .to be seen
20. The library needs ______,but it’ll have to wait until Sunday.
A. cleaning B. be cleaned C. clean D. being cleaned
12.Tom is the first _____ to school.
. get . to get .getting . got
11.I’m thirsty. Would you please give me something________.
.drunk .to drink .to be drunk .for drinking
10.She reached the top of the hill and stopped_____on a big rock by the side of the path.
.to have rested .resting .to rest .rest
13.Would you mind ____________ your radio a little 　A.turn off 　B.turning off 　C.to turn down 　D.turning down 14.Don’t you remember _____________ 　A.seeing the man before 　B.saw the man before 　C.to see the man before 　D.to have seen the man before
15.People couldn’t help ____________ the foolish emperor in the procession. 　A.laugh at 　B.to laugh at 　C.laughing at 　D.laughing on 16.Do you remember ____________ me at a party last year 　A.meet 　B.to meet 　C.meeting 　D.met
. I didn’t spend al the money _______(buy) the books.
2. Do you have anything ________(say) at the meeting
3. Yesterday I saw a wallet ________(lie) on the ground .
4.The man ran out ________(see) what was wrong .
5. She was often heard _________(sing) in English.
6. Stop ________(read), please.I’ve something to tell you .
7. The boy _______(call) Li Hua in the room is his brother.
buying
to say
lying
to see
to sing
reading
called