1.
If
I
hadn’t
been
faced
with
so
many
barriers,
I
_____
where
I
am.
A.
won’t
be
B.
wouldn’t
have
been
C.
wouldn’t
be
D.
shouldn’t
have
been
【答案】C
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果没有面对那么多的障碍，我现在就不会在这里。分析句子成分可知，此处是错综时间虚拟语气，根据空后where
I
am可知，此处是与现在事实相反的假设，主句谓语动词应使用would/could/might/should+do。故选C。
2.
The
workers
were
not
better
organized,
otherwise
they
______
the
task
in
half
the
time.
A.
accomplished
B.
had
accomplished
C.
would
accomplish
D.
would
have
accomplished
【答案】D
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：工人们没有被更好的组织起来，否则他们用一半的时间就能完成任务。根据上句the
workers
were
not
better
organized可知，这是对过去事情的虚拟。与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为，从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would/could/might)+现在完成时+其他，故选D。
3.
What
a
pity!
You
missed
the
sightseeing,
or
we
_________
a
good
time
together.
A.
had
B.
will
have
C.
would
have
had
D.
had
had
【答案】C
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：真遗憾！你错过了这次观光，否则，我们本应该在一起度过一段愉快时光的。根据上文，可知是对过去事情的虚拟，与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为，从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would,
could,
might)+现在完成时+其他，故选C。
4.
They
might
have
found
a
better
hotel
if
they
_________
a
few
more
kilometers.
A.
drove
B.
would
drive
C.
were
to
drive
D.
had
driven
【答案】D
【解析】由语境可知，主、从句都表示与过去事实相反，故从句用过去完成时。
5.
If
we
_______
the
flight
yesterday,
we
would
be
enjoying
our
holiday
on
the
beach.
A.
had
caught
B.
caught
C.
have
caught
D.
would
catch
【答案】A
【解析】由语境可知，主句表示与现在事实相反，从句表示与过去事实相反。故从句用过去完成时。
6.—Do
you
have
Betty’s
phone
number?
—Yes.
Otherwise,
I
______able
to
reach
her
yesterday.
A.
hadn’t
been
B.
wouldn’t
have
been
C.
weren’t
D.
wouldn’t
be
【答案】B
【解析】由yesterday可知，与过去事实相反，otherwise相当于if
I
hadn’t
had
Betty’s
number，其后的句子相当于主句，谓语动词用wouldn’t
have
done。
7.
There
is
a
good
social
life
in
the
village,
and
I
wish
I
_____
a
second
chance
to
become
more
involved.
A.
had
B.
will
have
C.
would
have
had
D.
have
had
【答案】A
【解析】由语境可知，这里表示将来的愿望，谓语动词用一般过去时。
8.
It’s
strange
that
he
_______
have
taken
the
books
without
the
owner’s
permission.
A.
would
B.
should
C.
could
D.
might
【答案】B
【解析】在“It
is/was
+形容词+that从句”中，that从句用“should+动词原形”表示虚拟。这里表示“竟然”，should不能省略。
一、单项选择
1.
Without
your
encouragement
and
support,
we
.
A.
should
not
succeed
B.
would
not
succeed
C.
would
have
succeeded
D.
would
not
have
succeeded
【答案】D
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：没有你们的鼓励和支持，我们就不会成功。根据前半句可知，为虚拟语气。结合句意可知，是对过去的虚拟，用would
have
done的否定形式。故选D。
2.
We
for
the
spring
outing
last
week,
if
it
had
not
been
for
the
thick
fog.
A.
would
have
gone
B.
must
have
gone
C.
need
have
gone
D.
can
have
gone
【答案】A
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是大雾，我们上星期就去春游了。本句是由if引导的虚拟条件句，与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时（had
done），主句用would/could/might
have
done（本来会做），应用would
have
gone，故选A项。
3.
What
a
relief!
We
would
be
still
waiting
anxiously
in
the
classroom
to
bring
an
umbrella
with
you.
A.
should
you
forget
B.
had
you
forgotten
C.you
should
forget
D.
you
had
forgotten
【答案】B
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：真是松了一口气！如果你忘了带雨伞，我们还在教室里焦急地等着。本句是省略if引导的错综时间虚拟语气句，还原句子为：We
would
be
still
waiting
anxiously
in
the
classroom
if
you
had
forgotten
to
bring
an
umbrella
with
you。“一直等”这个动作发生在现在，表示现在的情况，所以主句谓语用would+动词原形，“忘记”这个动作发生在过去，表示与过去事实相反，从句谓语应用过去完成时（had
done），在虚拟语气中，若有had/were/should等助动词，可将其提到句首，省略if变成为倒装句式，即had
you
forgotten
to
bring
an
umbrella
with
you，故选B项。
4.
It
is
highly
recommended
that
the
general
public
one-metre
social
distance
to
avoid
any
possible
risk
of
getting
infected.
A.
keep
B.
will
keep
C.
must
keep
D.
keeps
【答案】A
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：强烈建议公众保持一米的社交距离，避免任何可能的感染风险。recommend表示建议，后面的主语从句中的谓语动词，要用should加动词原形，should可以被省略。故选A。
5.
They
advocate
the
proposal
we
were
opposed
rediscussed
at
the
next
meeting
A.
to
be
B.
should
be
C.
to
was
D.
was
【答案】A
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：他们建议我们反对的那个提议在下次会议上被讨论。本题中的动词advocate后面的宾语从句要使用should+动词原形的虚拟语气，should可以省略。本题中还有一个定语从句we
were
opposed
to用来修饰前面的名词proposal。故A选项正确。
6.
It
was
John
who
broke
the
window.
Why
are
you
talking
to
me
as
if
I
it?
A.
had
done
B.
have
done
C.
did
D.
am
doing
【答案】A
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：John打破了窗户，为什么你对我说话的语气好像是我打破了窗户似的？题中broke表明打破窗户发生在过去。as
if/though后面的引导的从句用had
done表示对过去的虚拟。故A项正确。
7.
Jack
wasn’t
saving
anything,
but
the
teacher
smiled
at
him
he
had
done
something
very
clever.
A.
as
if
B.
in
case
C.
while
D.
though
【答案】A
【解析】考查状语从句。句意：Jack什么也没说，但老师向他笑了笑，好像他做了什么聪明的事情一样。A.
as
if：好像；B.
in
case：以防；C.
while：当……的时候；D.
though：尽管。根据句意，空格处需要填入“好像，仿佛”。故选A。
8.
Don’t
blame
the
boy.
He
only
made
a
mistake
which
others
on
such
an
occasion.
A.
will
make
B.
would
make
C.
were
to
make
D.
would
have
made
【答案】D
【解析】考查情态动词+have
done。句意：不要怪那个小男孩，他只是犯了一个其他人在这种情况下也会犯的错误。根据句意，是小男孩犯了错误，其他人并没有犯这种错误，此处要用虚拟语气，且这个是对过去发生的事情的虚拟，would
have
done表示对过去事情的假设，所以空格处要用情态动词加have
done结构，选D项。
9.
—Robert
remained
depressed
at
home
before
his
school
reopened.
—If
only
the
new
term
for
the
virus.
A.
were
not
delayed
B.
would
not
be
delayed
C.
had
not
been
delayed
D.
were
not
to
be
delayed
【答案】C
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：——罗伯特在复学前一直在家闷闷不乐。——要是新学期没有因病毒而推迟就好了。If
only要用虚拟语气。结合句意，前文出现过去式remained，因此If
only表示对过去的虚拟，用过去完成时（had
done）。故选C项。
10.
If
she
_______
generous
as
she
makes
out
she
would
have
donated
more
money
in
the
catastrophe.
A.
had
been
B.
were
C.
would
be
D.
was
【答案】B
【解析】考查虚拟语气。从句首的if（如果）与主句的would
have
done（早就做）可判断是虚拟语气，并且根据主句时态可以判断是与现在事实相反的假设，所以if从句用一般过去式，be动词要用were。虚拟语气中，be动词的一般过去时只能用were不能用was，故选B。
11.
The
bus
would
not
have
run
into
the
river
_______
for
the
bad-tempered
lady.
A.
if
it
were
not
B.
had
it
not
been
C.
if
it
would
not
be
D.
should
it
not
be
【答案】B
【解析】考查if从句的虚拟语气。句意：要不是那位坏脾气的女士，公共汽车是不会掉进河里的。此处是if引导的虚拟语气，与过去的事实相反，从句用过去完成时态，从句中有had则if省略，把助动词had提到主语前面，故选B。
12.
You
didn’t
let
me
drive.
If
we
______
by
turns,
you
______
so
tired.
A.
drove;
didn’t
get
B.
drove;
wouldn’t
get
C.
were
driving;
wouldn’t
get
D.
had
driven;
wouldn’t
have
got
【答案】D
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：你当时不让我开车，如果我们轮流开车的话，你就不会这么累了。根据You
didn’t
let
me
drive判断此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，从句要用过去完成时，主句用wouldn’t
have
done结构，故D项正确。
13.
If
it
had
not
been
for
the
heroes’
contributions
and
sacrifices,
we
_______
such
a
happy
life.
A.
wouldn’t
have
led
B.
wouldn’t
be
leading
C.
haven’t
led
D.
are
not
leading
【答案】B
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果不是英雄们的贡献和牺牲，我们现在不会过着幸福的生活。从句与过去事实相反，谓语用had
done结构；主句与现在事实相反，谓语应用would+动词原形结构，故选B项。
14.
I
felt
like
giving
up.
I
probably
_______
but
my
dad
whispered,
“Come
on!
You
can
make
it.”
A.
would
have
B.
would
C.
should
D.
should
have
【答案】A
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我想要放弃。我可能已经放弃了，但是我父亲低声说道，“加油！你能成功的。”根据I
felt
like
giving
up可知，我过去想要放弃，但是在父亲的鼓励下，我并没有放弃，即本想要做某事而没有做，应用would
have
done，句中用了省略形式，完整句子为I
probably
would
have
given
up...故选A项。
15.
If
she
_______
make
such
a
simple
wish
as
not
to
be
teased
for
disability
last
Christmas,
Amy
would
still
feel
lonely
now.
A.
had
dared
not
B.
hadn’t
dared
to
C.
dared
not
D.
didn’t
dare
to
【答案】B
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果Amy在去年的圣诞节不敢许下如此简单的愿望——不因为残疾而被嘲笑，她现在仍然会感到孤独。根据last
Christmas可知，从句与过去事实相反，应用had
done结构dare作为实意动词的固定用法为dare
to
do
sth.，故选B项。
二、单句语法填空
1.
If
only
he
(lie）quietly
as
the
doctor
instructed,
he
wouldn’t
suffer
so
much
now.
【答案】had
lain
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：要是他能像医生嘱咐的那样静静地躺着，他现在就不会那么痛苦了。本句为If
only句型，表示“要是……就好了”，根据后文“he
wouldn’t
suffer
so
much
now.”可知表示与过去事实相反的假设，虚拟语气的条件从句的谓语用过去完成时（had+过去分词），故填had
lain。
2.
If
(study)
hard
in
the
past
few
weeks,
I
would
pass
the
exam
easily
tomorrow.
【答案】had
studied
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我在过去的几个星期里努力学习，我明天就会轻松地通过考试。分析句意，这是一个错综条件句的虚拟，从句部分表示和过去相反，主句表示和将来相反。根据非真实条件句的要求，从句与过去相反时，从句的动词用had
done的形式表达。本题的从句有表示过去时的时间状语in
the
past
few
weeks，故此处应表达和过去相反，故填had
studied。
3.
I
would
appreciate
it
if
I
(offer)
an
opportunity
to
display
my
talent.
【答案】were
offered
【解析】考查虚拟语气和语态。句意：如果能给我一个施展才华的机会，我将不胜感激。对现在情况的虚拟，从句：if+主语+动词的过去式（be变were）+其他；主句：主语+would（should，could，might）+动词原形+其他，“我”和提供一个机会之间是被动关系，用被动语态，所以填were
offered。
4.
What
(will)
you
do
if
you
won
the
1ottery?
【答案】would
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你赢了彩票你将做什么？由if引导的非真实条件句使用了虚拟语气可知，主句也用虚拟语气，表示与将来事实相反，主句用would+动词原形，故填would。
5.
The
manager
insisted
that
the
new
employee
(train)
first.
【答案】(should)
be
trained
【解析】考查虚拟语气及被动语态。句意：经理坚持要先对新雇员进行培训。分析句子，在名词性从句中，若insisted译为“坚持要求”时，从句部分用（should）+do表示虚拟。根据题意，此处insisted译为“坚持要求”，且从句的逻辑主语和提示词之间表示被动关系。综合分析，故填（should）be
trained。
6.
The
manager
gave
his
command
that
measures
(take)
immediately
to
correct
all
the
mistakes
made
in
marketing.
【答案】be
taken
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：经理下令立即采取措施纠正市场营销中所犯的错误。that引导的是一个同位语从句，解释说明前面的抽象名词command，command意为“命令”，其后的同位语从句用should+动词原形，should可以被省略的虚拟语气，在同位语从句中，measures和take之间是被动关系，用被动语态，所以填be
taken。
7.
But
for
the
teacher’s
help,
I
(fail)
in
the
exam
last
week.
【答案】would
have
failed
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是老师的帮助，我上一周的考试就会不及格。But
for意为“如果不是，要不是”，与虚拟语气连用。根据时间状语last
week可知，是对过去情况的虚拟，主句谓语动词用would
have
done，故填would
have
failed。
8.
It’s
time
that
you
(collect)
your
daughter
from
the
school.
【答案】collected/should
collect
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：你就该去学校接你女儿了。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定句型It’s
time
that...意为：是……的时候了。It为形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句，表示该做某事了，但实际上并没做，故that后从句部分应用虚拟语气，谓语动词可为两种形式，第一种为一般过去时，这时动词需用过去式形式，故空格处应填collected，第二种为“should+动词原形”，这时should一般不省略，故空格处也可填should
collect，故填collected/should
collect。
9.
It’s
high
time
we
(destroy)
the
old
world
and
build
a
new
one.
【答案】destroyed/should
destroy
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：现在是时候摧毁旧世界并建立一个新世界了。It
is(high)
time
that句型中，that后从句的谓语动词要使用过去式或should加动词原形，但should不可省略。故填destroyed/should
destroy。
10.
I
___________(go）through
the
hard
times
but
for
my
teacher’s
generous
and
timely
help.
【答案】couldn’t
have
gone
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是老师慷慨而及时的帮助，我不可能熬过那段艰难的岁月。根据句意可知设空处为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故答案为couldn’t
have
gone，本句中的but
for相当于if
it
hadn’t
been
for。
11.
It
might
have
saved
me
some
trouble
__________(know)
the
schedule.
【答案】had
I
known
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：要是我知道安排的话，可能会省一些事儿。根据句意可知，空格处为省略了if的条件状语从句，had
I
known
the
schedule=if
I
had
known
the
schedule。该从句表示与过去事实相反，故填had
I
known。
12.
Why
didn’t
you
tell
me
about
your
trouble
last
week?
If
you
_______(tell)
me,
I
could
have
helped.
【答案】had
told
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：你上周为什么不告诉我你遇到的麻烦呢？如果你告诉我，我可以帮你的。根据时间状语last
week可知，此处表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用过去完成时，主句谓语动词用would/could/should/might
have
done。
13.
I
was
wearing
a
seat
belt.
If
I
hadn’t
been
wearing
one,
I
_______(injure).
【答案】would/could/should/might
have
been
injured
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我那时系着安全带呢，如果我没系安全带的话，我就受伤了。第一句用了过去进行时，说明此处是表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，if从句用过去完成时，主句谓语动词用would/could/should/might
have
done，故可填would/could/should/might
have
been
injured。
14.
Ellen
is
a
fantastic
dancer.
I
wish
I
_______(dance)
as
well
as
her.
【答案】danced
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：Ellen是一个非常优秀的舞者，我希望我能跳得像她一样好。wish后的宾语从句中用一般过去时表示对现在的虚拟，故选danced。
15.
Without
his
wartime
experiences,
Hemingway
_______(write)
his
famous
novel
A
Farewell
to
Arms.
【答案】wouldn’t
have
written
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果没有战时经历的话，海明威就不会写出他著名的小说《永别了，武器》。Without
his
wartime
experiences相当于If
he
hadn’t
had
his
wartime
experiences，主句谓语动词应用would
have
done结构，表示与过去事实相反的虚拟，故填wouldn’t
have
written。
16.
It
is
lucky
we
booked
a
room,
or
we
_______(have)
nowhere
to
stay
now.
【答案】would
have
【解析】考查虚拟语气的用法。句意：很幸运，我们预订了一个房间，要不然我们现在就没有地方可以住了。or前面是真实的情况，or后面表示对现在的虚拟，用would
do的形式，故填would
have。
17.
If
I
_______(see)
it
with
my
own
eyes,
I
wouldn’t
have
believed
it.
【答案】hadn’t
seen
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果不是我亲眼看到，我是不会相信的。由主句谓语wouldn’t
have
believed可知此处为与过去事实相反的虚拟，故填hadn’t
seen。
18.
I
wish
I
_______(be)
at
my
sister’s
wedding
last
Tuesday,
but
I
was
on
a
business
trip
in
New
York
then.
【答案】had
been
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我要是上周二能参加我姐姐的婚礼就好了，可是那时我正在纽约出差。wish后接宾语从句时，从句应用虚拟语气。根据last
Tuesday可知，此处表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，谓语部分应用had
done形式，故填had
been。
19.
We
would
rather
our
daughter
_______(stay)
at
home
with
us,
but
it
is
her
choice,
and
she
is
not
a
child
any
longer.
【答案】stayed
【解析】考查虚拟语气和固定句式。would
rather后直接跟宾语从句中，从句不用that连接。如果表示现在或将来要做的事情，从句的谓语动用一般过去式。根据is可知填stayed。
20.
It
was
John
who
broke
the
window.
Why
are
you
talking
to
me
as
if
I
_______(do)
it?
【答案】had
done
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：是约翰打破了窗户。你为什么以好像是我打破了的语气对我说话？as
if引导的状语从句中，谓语动词与wish引导的宾语从句的虚拟语气形式相同。结合语境可知，此处表示对过去的虚拟，填had
done。1.
If
I
hadn’t
been
faced
with
so
many
barriers,
I
_____
where
I
am.
A.
won’t
be
B.
wouldn’t
have
been
C.
wouldn’t
be
D.
shouldn’t
have
been
【答案】C
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果没有面对那么多的障碍，我现在就不会在这里。分析句子成分可知，此处是错综时间虚拟语气，根据空后where
I
am可知，此处是与现在事实相反的假设，主句谓语动词应使用would/could/might/should+do。故选C。
2.
The
workers
were
not
better
organized,
otherwise
they
______
the
task
in
half
the
time.
A.
accomplished
B.
had
accomplished
C.
would
accomplish
D.
would
have
accomplished
【答案】D
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：工人们没有被更好的组织起来，否则他们用一半的时间就能完成任务。根据上句the
workers
were
not
better
organized可知，这是对过去事情的虚拟。与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为，从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would/could/might)+现在完成时+其他，故选D。
3.
What
a
pity!
You
missed
the
sightseeing,
or
we
_________
a
good
time
together.
A.
had
B.
will
have
C.
would
have
had
D.
had
had
【答案】C
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：真遗憾！你错过了这次观光，否则，我们本应该在一起度过一段愉快时光的。根据上文，可知是对过去事情的虚拟，与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为，从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would,
could,
might)+现在完成时+其他，故选C。
4.
They
might
have
found
a
better
hotel
if
they
_________
a
few
more
kilometers.
A.
drove
B.
would
drive
C.
were
to
drive
D.
had
driven
【答案】D
【解析】由语境可知，主、从句都表示与过去事实相反，故从句用过去完成时。
5.
If
we
_______
the
flight
yesterday,
we
would
be
enjoying
our
holiday
on
the
beach.
A.
had
caught
B.
caught
C.
have
caught
D.
would
catch
【答案】A
【解析】由语境可知，主句表示与现在事实相反，从句表示与过去事实相反。故从句用过去完成时。
6.—Do
you
have
Betty’s
phone
number?
—Yes.
Otherwise,
I
______able
to
reach
her
yesterday.
A.
hadn’t
been
B.
wouldn’t
have
been
C.
weren’t
D.
wouldn’t
be
【答案】B
【解析】由yesterday可知，与过去事实相反，otherwise相当于if
I
hadn’t
had
Betty’s
number，其后的句子相当于主句，谓语动词用wouldn’t
have
done。
7.
There
is
a
good
social
life
in
the
village,
and
I
wish
I
_____
a
second
chance
to
become
more
involved.
A.
had
B.
will
have
C.
would
have
had
D.
have
had
【答案】A
【解析】由语境可知，这里表示将来的愿望，谓语动词用一般过去时。
8.
It’s
strange
that
he
_______
have
taken
the
books
without
the
owner’s
permission.
A.
would
B.
should
C.
could
D.
might
【答案】B
【解析】在“It
is/was
+形容词+that从句”中，that从句用“should+动词原形”表示虚拟。这里表示“竟然”，should不能省略。
一、单项选择
1.
Without
your
encouragement
and
support,
we
.
A.
should
not
succeed
B.
would
not
succeed
C.
would
have
succeeded
D.
would
not
have
succeeded
2.
We
for
the
spring
outing
last
week,
if
it
had
not
been
for
the
thick
fog.
A.
would
have
gone
B.
must
have
gone
C.
need
have
gone
D.
can
have
gone
3.
What
a
relief!
We
would
be
still
waiting
anxiously
in
the
classroom
to
bring
an
umbrella
with
you.
A.
should
you
forget
B.
had
you
forgotten
C.you
should
forget
D.
you
had
forgotten
4.
It
is
highly
recommended
that
the
general
public
one-metre
social
distance
to
avoid
any
possible
risk
of
getting
infected.
A.
keep
B.
will
keep
C.
must
keep
D.
keeps
5.
They
advocate
the
proposal
we
were
opposed
rediscussed
at
the
next
meeting
A.
to
be
B.
should
be
C.
to
was
D.
was
6.
It
was
John
who
broke
the
window.
Why
are
you
talking
to
me
as
if
I
it?
A.
had
done
B.
have
done
C.
did
D.
am
doing
7.
Jack
wasn’t
saving
anything,
but
the
teacher
smiled
at
him
he
had
done
something
very
clever.
A.
as
if
B.
in
case
C.
while
D.
though
8.
Don’t
blame
the
boy.
He
only
made
a
mistake
which
others
on
such
an
occasion.
A.
will
make
B.
would
make
C.
were
to
make
D.
would
have
made
9.
—Robert
remained
depressed
at
home
before
his
school
reopened.
—If
only
the
new
term
for
the
virus.
A.
were
not
delayed
B.
would
not
be
delayed
C.
had
not
been
delayed
D.
were
not
to
be
delayed
10.
If
she
_______
generous
as
she
makes
out
she
would
have
donated
more
money
in
the
catastrophe.
A.
had
been
B.
were
C.
would
be
D.
was
11.
The
bus
would
not
have
run
into
the
river
_______
for
the
bad-tempered
lady.
A.
if
it
were
not
B.
had
it
not
been
C.
if
it
would
not
be
D.
should
it
not
be
12.
You
didn’t
let
me
drive.
If
we
______
by
turns,
you
______
so
tired.
A.
drove;
didn’t
get
B.
drove;
wouldn’t
get
C.
were
driving;
wouldn’t
get
D.
had
driven;
wouldn’t
have
got
13.
If
it
had
not
been
for
the
heroes’
contributions
and
sacrifices,
we
_______
such
a
happy
life.
A.
wouldn’t
have
led
B.
wouldn’t
be
leading
C.
haven’t
led
D.
are
not
leading
14.
I
felt
like
giving
up.
I
probably
_______
but
my
dad
whispered,
“Come
on!
You
can
make
it.”
A.
would
have
B.
would
C.
should
D.
should
have
15.
If
she
_______
make
such
a
simple
wish
as
not
to
be
teased
for
disability
last
Christmas,
Amy
would
still
feel
lonely
now.
A.
had
dared
not
B.
hadn’t
dared
to
C.
dared
not
D.
didn’t
dare
to
二、单句语法填空
1.
If
only
he
(lie）quietly
as
the
doctor
instructed,
he
wouldn’t
suffer
so
much
now.
2.
If
(study)
hard
in
the
past
few
weeks,
I
would
pass
the
exam
easily
tomorrow.
3.
I
would
appreciate
it
if
I
(offer)
an
opportunity
to
display
my
talent.
4.
What
(will)
you
do
if
you
won
the
1ottery?
5.
The
manager
insisted
that
the
new
employee
(train)
first.
6.
The
manager
gave
his
command
that
measures
(take)
immediately
to
correct
all
the
mistakes
made
in
marketing.
7.
But
for
the
teacher’s
help,
I
(fail)
in
the
exam
last
week.
8.
It’s
time
that
you
(collect)
your
daughter
from
the
school.
9.
It’s
high
time
we
(destroy)
the
old
world
and
build
a
new
one.
10.
I
___________(go）through
the
hard
times
but
for
my
teacher’s
generous
and
timely
help.
11.
It
might
have
saved
me
some
trouble
__________(know)
the
schedule.
12.
Why
didn’t
you
tell
me
about
your
trouble
last
week?
If
you
_______(tell)
me,
I
could
have
helped.
13.
I
was
wearing
a
seat
belt.
If
I
hadn’t
been
wearing
one,
I
_______(injure).
14.
Ellen
is
a
fantastic
dancer.
I
wish
I
_______(dance)
as
well
as
her.
15.
Without
his
wartime
experiences,
Hemingway
_______(write)
his
famous
novel
A
Farewell
to
Arms.
16.
It
is
lucky
we
booked
a
room,
or
we
_______(have)
nowhere
to
stay
now.
17.
If
I
_______(see)
it
with
my
own
eyes,
I
wouldn’t
have
believed
it.
18.
I
wish
I
_______(be)
at
my
sister’s
wedding
last
Tuesday,
but
I
was
on
a
business
trip
in
New
York
then.
19.
We
would
rather
our
daughter
_______(stay)
at
home
with
us,
but
it
is
her
choice,
and
she
is
not
a
child
any
longer.
20.
It
was
John
who
broke
the
window.
Why
are
you
talking
to
me
as
if
I
_______(do)
it?
一、单项选择
1.【答案】D
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：没有你们的鼓励和支持，我们就不会成功。根据前半句可知，为虚拟语气。结合句意可知，是对过去的虚拟，用would
have
done的否定形式。故选D。
2.【答案】A
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是大雾，我们上星期就去春游了。本句是由if引导的虚拟条件句，与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时（had
done），主句用would/could/might
have
done（本来会做），应用would
have
gone，故选A项。
3.【答案】B
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：真是松了一口气！如果你忘了带雨伞，我们还在教室里焦急地等着。本句是省略if引导的错综时间虚拟语气句，还原句子为：We
would
be
still
waiting
anxiously
in
the
classroom
if
you
had
forgotten
to
bring
an
umbrella
with
you。“一直等”这个动作发生在现在，表示现在的情况，所以主句谓语用would+动词原形，“忘记”这个动作发生在过去，表示与过去事实相反，从句谓语应用过去完成时（had
done），在虚拟语气中，若有had/were/should等助动词，可将其提到句首，省略if变成为倒装句式，即had
you
forgotten
to
bring
an
umbrella
with
you，故选B项。
4.【答案】A
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：强烈建议公众保持一米的社交距离，避免任何可能的感染风险。recommend表示建议，后面的主语从句中的谓语动词，要用should加动词原形，should可以被省略。故选A。
5.【答案】A
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：他们建议我们反对的那个提议在下次会议上被讨论。本题中的动词advocate后面的宾语从句要使用should+动词原形的虚拟语气，should可以省略。本题中还有一个定语从句we
were
opposed
to用来修饰前面的名词proposal。故A选项正确。
6.【答案】A
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：John打破了窗户，为什么你对我说话的语气好像是我打破了窗户似的？题中broke表明打破窗户发生在过去。as
if/though后面的引导的从句用had
done表示对过去的虚拟。故A项正确。
7.【答案】A
【解析】考查状语从句。句意：Jack什么也没说，但老师向他笑了笑，好像他做了什么聪明的事情一样。A.
as
if：好像；B.
in
case：以防；C.
while：当……的时候；D.
though：尽管。根据句意，空格处需要填入“好像，仿佛”。故选A。
8.【答案】D
【解析】考查情态动词+have
done。句意：不要怪那个小男孩，他只是犯了一个其他人在这种情况下也会犯的错误。根据句意，是小男孩犯了错误，其他人并没有犯这种错误，此处要用虚拟语气，且这个是对过去发生的事情的虚拟，would
have
done表示对过去事情的假设，所以空格处要用情态动词加have
done结构，选D项。
9.【答案】C
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：——罗伯特在复学前一直在家闷闷不乐。——要是新学期没有因病毒而推迟就好了。If
only要用虚拟语气。结合句意，前文出现过去式remained，因此If
only表示对过去的虚拟，用过去完成时（had
done）。故选C项。
10.【答案】B
【解析】考查虚拟语气。从句首的if（如果）与主句的would
have
done（早就做）可判断是虚拟语气，并且根据主句时态可以判断是与现在事实相反的假设，所以if从句用一般过去式，be动词要用were。虚拟语气中，be动词的一般过去时只能用were不能用was，故选B。
11.【答案】B
【解析】考查if从句的虚拟语气。句意：要不是那位坏脾气的女士，公共汽车是不会掉进河里的。此处是if引导的虚拟语气，与过去的事实相反，从句用过去完成时态，从句中有had则if省略，把助动词had提到主语前面，故选B。
12.【答案】D
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：你当时不让我开车，如果我们轮流开车的话，你就不会这么累了。根据You
didn’t
let
me
drive判断此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，从句要用过去完成时，主句用wouldn’t
have
done结构，故D项正确。
13.【答案】B
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果不是英雄们的贡献和牺牲，我们现在不会过着幸福的生活。从句与过去事实相反，谓语用had
done结构；主句与现在事实相反，谓语应用would+动词原形结构，故选B项。
14.【答案】A
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我想要放弃。我可能已经放弃了，但是我父亲低声说道，“加油！你能成功的。”根据I
felt
like
giving
up可知，我过去想要放弃，但是在父亲的鼓励下，我并没有放弃，即本想要做某事而没有做，应用would
have
done，句中用了省略形式，完整句子为I
probably
would
have
given
up...故选A项。
15.【答案】B
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果Amy在去年的圣诞节不敢许下如此简单的愿望——不因为残疾而被嘲笑，她现在仍然会感到孤独。根据last
Christmas可知，从句与过去事实相反，应用had
done结构dare作为实意动词的固定用法为dare
to
do
sth.，故选B项。
二、单句语法填空
1.【答案】had
lain
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：要是他能像医生嘱咐的那样静静地躺着，他现在就不会那么痛苦了。本句为If
only句型，表示“要是……就好了”，根据后文“he
wouldn’t
suffer
so
much
now.”可知表示与过去事实相反的假设，虚拟语气的条件从句的谓语用过去完成时（had+过去分词），故填had
lain。
2.【答案】had
studied
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我在过去的几个星期里努力学习，我明天就会轻松地通过考试。分析句意，这是一个错综条件句的虚拟，从句部分表示和过去相反，主句表示和将来相反。根据非真实条件句的要求，从句与过去相反时，从句的动词用had
done的形式表达。本题的从句有表示过去时的时间状语in
the
past
few
weeks，故此处应表达和过去相反，故填had
studied。
3.【答案】were
offered
【解析】考查虚拟语气和语态。句意：如果能给我一个施展才华的机会，我将不胜感激。对现在情况的虚拟，从句：if+主语+动词的过去式（be变were）+其他；主句：主语+would（should，could，might）+动词原形+其他，“我”和提供一个机会之间是被动关系，用被动语态，所以填were
offered。
4.【答案】would
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你赢了彩票你将做什么？由if引导的非真实条件句使用了虚拟语气可知，主句也用虚拟语气，表示与将来事实相反，主句用would+动词原形，故填would。
5.【答案】(should)
be
trained
【解析】考查虚拟语气及被动语态。句意：经理坚持要先对新雇员进行培训。分析句子，在名词性从句中，若insisted译为“坚持要求”时，从句部分用（should）+do表示虚拟。根据题意，此处insisted译为“坚持要求”，且从句的逻辑主语和提示词之间表示被动关系。综合分析，故填（should）be
trained。
6.【答案】be
taken
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：经理下令立即采取措施纠正市场营销中所犯的错误。that引导的是一个同位语从句，解释说明前面的抽象名词command，command意为“命令”，其后的同位语从句用should+动词原形，should可以被省略的虚拟语气，在同位语从句中，measures和take之间是被动关系，用被动语态，所以填be
taken。
7.【答案】would
have
failed
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是老师的帮助，我上一周的考试就会不及格。But
for意为“如果不是，要不是”，与虚拟语气连用。根据时间状语last
week可知，是对过去情况的虚拟，主句谓语动词用would
have
done，故填would
have
failed。
8.【答案】collected/should
collect
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：你就该去学校接你女儿了。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定句型It’s
time
that...意为：是……的时候了。It为形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句，表示该做某事了，但实际上并没做，故that后从句部分应用虚拟语气，谓语动词可为两种形式，第一种为一般过去时，这时动词需用过去式形式，故空格处应填collected，第二种为“should+动词原形”，这时should一般不省略，故空格处也可填should
collect，故填collected/should
collect。
9.【答案】destroyed/should
destroy
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：现在是时候摧毁旧世界并建立一个新世界了。It
is(high)
time
that句型中，that后从句的谓语动词要使用过去式或should加动词原形，但should不可省略。故填destroyed/should
destroy。
10.【答案】couldn’t
have
gone
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是老师慷慨而及时的帮助，我不可能熬过那段艰难的岁月。根据句意可知设空处为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故答案为couldn’t
have
gone，本句中的but
for相当于if
it
hadn’t
been
for。
11.【答案】had
I
known
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：要是我知道安排的话，可能会省一些事儿。根据句意可知，空格处为省略了if的条件状语从句，had
I
known
the
schedule=if
I
had
known
the
schedule。该从句表示与过去事实相反，故填had
I
known。
12.【答案】had
told
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：你上周为什么不告诉我你遇到的麻烦呢？如果你告诉我，我可以帮你的。根据时间状语last
week可知，此处表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用过去完成时，主句谓语动词用would/could/should/might
have
done。
13.【答案】would/could/should/might
have
been
injured
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我那时系着安全带呢，如果我没系安全带的话，我就受伤了。第一句用了过去进行时，说明此处是表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，if从句用过去完成时，主句谓语动词用would/could/should/might
have
done，故可填would/could/should/might
have
been
injured。
14.【答案】danced
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：Ellen是一个非常优秀的舞者，我希望我能跳得像她一样好。wish后的宾语从句中用一般过去时表示对现在的虚拟，故选danced。
15.【答案】wouldn’t
have
written
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果没有战时经历的话，海明威就不会写出他著名的小说《永别了，武器》。Without
his
wartime
experiences相当于If
he
hadn’t
had
his
wartime
experiences，主句谓语动词应用would
have
done结构，表示与过去事实相反的虚拟，故填wouldn’t
have
written。
16.【答案】would
have
【解析】考查虚拟语气的用法。句意：很幸运，我们预订了一个房间，要不然我们现在就没有地方可以住了。or前面是真实的情况，or后面表示对现在的虚拟，用would
do的形式，故填would
have。
17.【答案】hadn’t
seen
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果不是我亲眼看到，我是不会相信的。由主句谓语wouldn’t
have
believed可知此处为与过去事实相反的虚拟，故填hadn’t
seen。
18.【答案】had
been
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我要是上周二能参加我姐姐的婚礼就好了，可是那时我正在纽约出差。wish后接宾语从句时，从句应用虚拟语气。根据last
Tuesday可知，此处表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，谓语部分应用had
done形式，故填had
been。
19.【答案】stayed
【解析】考查虚拟语气和固定句式。would
rather后直接跟宾语从句中，从句不用that连接。如果表示现在或将来要做的事情，从句的谓语动用一般过去式。根据is可知填stayed。
20.【答案】had
done
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：是约翰打破了窗户。你为什么以好像是我打破了的语气对我说话？as
if引导的状语从句中，谓语动词与wish引导的宾语从句的虚拟语气形式相同。结合语境可知，此处表示对过去的虚拟，填had
done。
