【新教材】牛津译林版（2020）2020-2021学年高中英语选择性必修第一册Unit 2 The universal language 词汇讲解及词汇过关练习 （含学生版）

新牛津高中英语词汇练习十四
识记
Austrian n. 奥地利人，奥地利语 adj. 奥地利的，奥地利人的，奥地利语的
In my heart I am, and will remain, an?Austrian!
The?Austrian?economy has outperformed most other industrial economies.
She is going to marry an Austrian.
Austrian?women?receive?$700?a month?for three?years?when?they have their?first?child.?
composer n. 作曲家，作曲者
After his education, Goldschmidt became a pupil of the?composer?Franz Schreker.
It?was?the?fortieth?anniversary?of the death of the?composer.
No?composer?was?considered?worthy?of the name?until?he?had written?an opera.
symphony n. 交响乐，交响曲
symphony orchestra 交响乐队
The?symphony?does require a large group of players.
The first movement of the symphony is beautiful.
concerto n. 协奏曲
The concert ended with a Mozart violin concerto.
She played the difficult piano concerto to perfection.
There was some fine playing in the violin?concerto.
Polish adj. 波兰的，波兰语的，波兰人的 n. 波兰人
My spoken Polish is better than my written Polish.
After escaping from the labor camp through sewers, he joined the semiofficial Polish militia in 1944.?
Germany insists on restrictions on the import of?Polish?coal.
polish vt. 擦，擦光，使完美 vi.被擦亮，变得完美，发光泽 n.擦亮剂，光滑，擦，优雅
nail polish 指甲油
It's an honest book but it lacks?polish.
Women with longer nails should leave more?polish?on the brush.
Polish your shoes with a brush.
A hot plate will spoil the polish on this table.
This car polish is an effective shield against rust.
I polished my buttons with a handkerchief.
compose vt. & vi. 作曲，组成，撰写，创作，调解，使镇静
compose music 作曲
be composed of...=be made up of..=consist of... 由......组成
Most software programs allow you to?compose?emails offline.
She began to compose songs at an early age.
Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen.
Compose yourself and try to tell me what happened.
deserve vt. 值得，应得
They?deserve?their success.
Grains?deserve?the most emphasis in the diet.
I used to be very absolutist regarding the death penalty, but some people really?deserve?to die.
Violent and dangerous kids?deserve?to be locked up.
He has done nothing to deserve death.
You deserve a reward for being so helpful.
These proposals deserve careful study.
tear apart 使关系密切的人分离，分开，撕开
Studies?show that?factory?farms?can?tear?apart?rural?communities.
But?when?a?misunderstanding?arises,?their?lifelong?friendship?suddenly?threatens?to?tear?apart.
Most?businesses?are?not?willing to?tear?apart?last?year's?model?of?success?and build?a?new?one.
If?you're ready?to?forgive?me,?then?nothing?can?tear?us?apart,?I?promise.?
Nothing?could?tear?us?apart,?and now?we?were?here?together.?
pleasant adj. 令人愉快的，可喜的，有好的，和善的
It's so?pleasant?after the bad weather we've been having.
It's always?pleasant?to do what you're good at.
Peter is so pleasant that everyone likes him.
We are living in pleasant surroundings.
The tree gives a pleasant shade in summer.
whisper vi. & vt.耳语，低语，私下说，沙沙作响 n. 低语，轻柔的声音，传言
in a whisper 轻声地
I've heard a?whisper?that the Bishop intends to leave.
He was having to?whisper?to avoid being overheard by his neighbors.
Her voice dropped to a?whisper.
They heard the?whisper?of leaves.
dramatic adj. 激动人心的，引人注目的，突然的，戏剧的，夸张的
She announced the?dramatic?news.
Her opening words were dramatic.
It was really a dramatic game.
I decided to take a dramatic arts class as my elective.
weep (wept, wept) vi. & vt. 哭泣，流泪，滴(液体)，流浓
weep one's eyes out 痛哭不止
Jenny, what's wrong with you? Why do you keep?weeping like that?
She began to?weep?in choking sobs, and Meadows tried to calm her.
She wanted to laugh and?weep?all at once.
In severe cases, the skin can crack and?weep.
She wept bitter tears over her lost youth.
Evil men should weep for their evil deeds.
overcome (overcame, overcome) vt. 克服，解决，战胜，受到......的极大鼓舞
I then realized how possible it was to?overcome?your limitations.
She speaks to women in a gentle way that helps?overcome?resistance.
There will be no difficulty in the world that they cannot overcome.
I was overcome by a sense of failure. (我被失败感所压倒。)
We?can?overcome?any?difficulty,?however?great.?
Mary?was?overcome with emotion.(玛丽激动得不能自持。)
She?was?overcome?with grief?when?her husband?died.?(丈夫去世时她悲痛欲绝。)
conquer，overcome，overthrow，defeat，beat 这些动词均含“征服，战胜”之意。
conquer?? 侧重战胜和控制。书面用词。
overcome?? 多指战胜或克服非物质的东西，如困难和不良习惯等。语气较弱也可指在斗争或竞争中战胜或压倒对方。
overthrow?? 指彻底击败对手，使其丧失力量和地位。
defeat?? 普通用词，多指在战争、比赛、竞选或辩论中战胜对手，侧重胜利的暂时性。
beat?? 口笔语均可用，可与defeat换用。
sorrow n. 悲伤，悲痛，伤心事，遗憾，忧愁，不幸
Words cannot express my?sorrow.
As he looked at Katherine, great?sorrow?clouded his eyes.
He hanged himself in sorrow after his wife died.
Life has many joys and sorrows.
He expressed his sorrow for what he had done.
grave n. 坟墓，死亡，去世 adj. 严重的，严肃的
have one foot in the grave 快死了
They laid flowers on his?grave.
He drank himself to an early?grave.
He was shoveling earth into the?grave.
His face was grave when I told him my decision.
The situation poses a grave threat to world peace.
He announced the news in a grave voice.
Life is a battle from cradle to?grave.
They used to visit her grave twice a year.
He?knew?he?had committed?a?grave?error?of?judgment.?
earnest，serious，grave，severe这些形容词均有“严肃的”之意。
earnest?? 指严肃，认真，含诚恳和热情意味。
serious?? 指具有关键、严肃或严重意义的事情。
grave?? 侧重严肃和尊严，需要认真思考，含令人担忧意味。
severe?? 指面孔的严肃，法律的严厉，伤病的严重。着重严厉性，无丝毫温情。
transform vi. & vt. 使变形，使改观，使转化，变形，变换
Even a single letter can?transform?the meaning of the word it precedes.
He wanted to reconstruct the state and?transform?society.
The magician transformed the frog into a princess.
His plans were transformed overnight into reality.
The sofa can transform for use as a bed.
forever adv. 永远，长久地，老是
The lovers promised to be faithful forever.
Although shoes like this are expensive, they last?forever.
The old social order was gone?forever.
She is highly intelligent and her mind is?forever?active.
combine vt. & vi.使融合，使结合，使混合，融合，结合，兼做，合并 n. 集团，联合收割机
Two parties will combine to defeat the third.
We can't always combine work with pleasure.
We should combine work with rest.
Efforts and confidence combine to make a full man.
The newspaper combine threatened all the smaller papers.
The oil combine monopolized the fuel sales of the country.
rely on =depend on 依赖，依靠，信任，指望
It would be better to?rely on?ourselves than on others.
I'd like to come with you but that's not a promise, don't?rely on?it.
Don't?rely on?going abroad for our holiday, we may not be able to afford it.
You can't?rely on?the weather being fine for anything you plan in England.
You can?rely on?me for help.
You cannot?rely on?her; for instance, she arrived an hour late for an important meeting yesterday.
blues n.(the blues) 蓝调，布鲁斯音乐，忧郁，悲伤
My favorite music is blues.
Leave me alone.I really have the blues today.(离我远点,我今天情绪确实不好。)
Can?white?girls?sing?the?blues??
Rock music?came out of?the?blues.?
Most?pop?music?is?influenced, to a greater?or?lesser?degree, by?the?blues.
The?room?was?decorated?in a combination?of?greens?and?blues.
folk adj. 民间的，民俗的 n.民间音乐，人们，各位，家人
folk music 民谣，民间音乐
They're city?folk. They don't understand the ways of the country.
A military band played Russian marches and?folk?tunes.
By midnight, most of the old?folk?had gone home.
A lot of folks are upset at the changes.
I'd like you to meet my folks.(我想要你见见我的父母。)
He is a very popular folk singer.
Chicken soup is a popular folk remedy for the common cold.
tune n. 曲调，曲子，节奏，歌曲 vt.&vi.调音，调频道，调整，用无线电与…取得联系
in tune 协调
tune in收听，调谐
He whistled a?tune.
The fiddler played another little?tune.
He sang out of?tune.
The orchestra tuned their instruments.
The machine has just been tuned.
We always tune in at ten o'clock to hear the news.
lyric n. 歌词，抒情诗 adj.抒情的，吟唱的
lyric?poetry/poem 抒情诗
Many of the slower dances are danced to the?lyrics of tragedies. He meant that you turned it into a comedy.
He is a fine writer of lyrics.
I'm deeply moved by this lyric of Shelley's.
I didn't remember the lyric,but the song sounded quiet and peaceful.
He?wrote?a?lyric?poem.?
At last,?I?translated?the?lyric?into?Chinese.?
He?wrote?lyric?poems of his own?in?English, for he?did not?speak?the Welsh?language.?
throw in 奉送，额外赠送，附送，扔进，插话
You can have the piano for $200, and I’ll throw in the stool as well.
The dealer will throw in the painting for free.
If you buy a refrigerator, we will throw in a microwave oven.
for good measure 额外，作为额外增添
And?just?for?good?measure,?they?added?two?spaceship?sounds:?rising?and?gently?descending.?
I added one more sugar to my coffee for good measure.
George usually repeats an example for good measure.
In addition to dessert , they serve fruit?for good measure
rural adj.乡村的，农村的，乡下的，田园的，乡民的，乡下人的，农业的
People were compulsorily transferred from?rural?villages to the new tower blocks.
Nine tenths of the population in rural areas live from hand to mouth.
The rural scenery was so beautiful that he decided to stay one more week.
The disease occurs most frequently in rural areas.
surroundings n. 环境，周围
He looked more relaxed, as if some of the harmony from his?surroundings?had flowed into him.
The town and its?surroundings?are lovely.
Her son Peter adapted effortlessly to his new?surroundings.
She?felt?uneasy?in?the?unfamiliar?surroundings.
It took?him?a?while?to?adapt himself to?his?new?surroundings.?
environment和surroundings的区别：
environment意为"环境,周围状况,自然环境"，一个生物体或一群生物体周围的整体状况，尤其指作用和影响这群生物体的生长、发展和生存的外界物质条件的总和。
surroundings用复数形式，指"环境,周围的事物",词义较狭窄,仅指周围的具体的物质性的东西。
The twins were separated at birth and brought up in entirely different environments.
The students live happily in beautiful surroundings.
surrounding和surroundings的区别：
surrounding的意思：adj. 周围的; 附近的; v. (现在分词)围绕; 环绕; (使)包围，围住。surrounding用着形容词时是指单纯的环境。
surroundings的意思：环境(用复数形式)。surroundings指环境时包括周围的建筑物或者其他物体。
heaven n. 极乐之地，极乐，天堂，天空
seventh heaven, 七重天，极乐世界
This help was, he believed,?heaven-sent.(他相信这一帮助是上天所赐。)
The soft cotton feels like?heaven?on the skin.
It would be?heaven?to hold you in my arms again.
A lark is singing in the heaven.
If there's a heaven on earth, this is it!
It was the will of Heaven.
breeze n. 微风，和风，轻而易举的事 vi.吹微风，飘然而行 vt.使作轻松活动
The leaves stirred in the?breeze.
There was a stiff southerly?breeze.
As the?breeze?grew in strength, the flags shook.
We are enjoying the cool breeze that comes from the lake.
We got the job done in a breeze.
Teaching you English is by no means a breeze.
She breezed along, smiling at everyone.
guarantee vt.保证，担保，确保，为某种产品提供保修 n.保证，担保，保修单
It was still under?guarantee.
Wealth does not?guarantee?happiness.
The vigorous pursuit of policies is no?guarantee?of success.
In most cases, your?guarantee?will still be valid.
He says the new legislation will?guarantee?fairness for blacks in Georgia.
jazz n. 爵士乐 vt.演爵士乐
Jazz?is always improvisation. (爵士乐长久以来都是即兴创作的。)
Chaka Khan is realizing a lifetime's ambition by making a?jazz?album .
arch n. 拱门，拱，弓形结构 vi. & vt.(使)弯成弓形；(使)拱起
The triumphal?arch?commemorates Caesar's victory over Pompey.
They walked through the?arch?and into the courtyard.
Dip your head under the low arch.
The cat arched its back when it saw the dog.
adaptation n.改编本，改写本，适应，顺应，改装，改建，改写 (vt. adapt)
Most living creatures are capable of?adaptation?when compelled to do so.
Scotish adaptation was made about a century later.
I bought my son an adaptation for children of a play by Shakespeare.
He made a quick adaptation to the new environment.
Another idea is that art is a social adaptation.
communist adj. 共产主义的，共产党的 n.共产主义者，共产党员
He was a convinced?Communist.
Elections might ultimately produce a?Communist?victory.
invader n.侵略者，侵害者，侵略军，武装入侵的军队或国家 (vt. invade)
The invaders laid towns and villages in ruins.
A country must have the will to repel any invader.
When another country invade your country and you choose to work for the invader, you are a traitor.
consist of... 由......组成(构成)(=be made up of.../be composed of...)
The medical team consists of five doctors and ten nurses.
Air consists chiefly of nitrogen.
All electronic computers consist of five units although they are of different kinds.
defend vt. & vi. 保护，辩护，防御，辨白，辩解
defend against 防御.
It was Chelsea's turn to?defend.
The move was unpopular, but he had to?defend?it.
Millions of ordinary Americans defend?their right to own and use guns.
He had lawyers of his own choice to?defend?him.
She demonstrated how best to defend oneself.
The union said that they would take action to defend their member's jobs.
Some players are better at defending.
solo n. 独奏，独唱，单独表演，独奏曲 adj.独奏的，独唱的，独自的
The original version featured a guitar?solo.
The concert began with piano solo.
He has been asked to sing a solo at the concert.
flow vi.流，流动，充满，涨起 n. 流，流动，连贯，涨潮
This river flowed southwest to the Atlantic Ocean.
She lost control and the tears began to flow.
The low grounds along the river are annually flowed.
The government is trying to stop the increasing flow of refugees entering the country.
She unbound her hair and let it flow loose in the wind.
These dams have restricted the flow of the river downstream.
spacecraft n.(单复数同形) 航天器，宇宙飞船，航天飞机，太空船
unmanned spacecraft 无人飞船
The United States may soon have a manned?spacecraft?on Mars.
If a?spacecraft?travels faster than 11 km a second, it escapes the earth's gravitational pull.
The spacecraft is orbiting the moon.
Spacecraft have already traveled to other planets.
solar adj. 太阳的，太阳能的，日光的，与太阳有关的，利用太阳能的
solar energy 太阳能
solar system? 太阳系，太阳能系统，日头系，太阳系统
The roof has been designed to provide?solar?heating.
There remain gaps in our knowledge of the?solar?system.
A total?solar?eclipse is due to take place some time tomorrow.
Solar?panels?can only operate?in?sunlight.?
Large?homes?should?have?solar?collectors?in?their?designs.?
The?picture?shows?six?of?the?nine?planets?in the?solar?system.?
greet vt. 问候，欢迎，招呼，致意，映入眼帘
They hastened to?greet?him and asked urgently, `Did you find it?'
I got up from my chair and went to?greet?her.
An unerringly professional team?greet?and treat clients.
She liked to be home to?greet?Steve when he came in from school.
He greeted her with a loving hug.
Mick greeted her with a kiss on each cheek.
The audience greeted his speech with loud cheer.
get down to (doing) sth 开始认真做某事，开始认真注意或对待某事
Shall we have a rest or get down to doing our work??
Once you want to do something, you must get down to doing it well.?
It is time that they got down to doing their work.
get down to doing 和get down to do两者用法都有。 ??
get down to do sth 坐下来做...，着手做…
get down to doing sth开始认真做或认真对待某事。
suitable adj. 合适的，适当的，适宜的，适应的，适用的，恰当的
be suitable for... 适合…….
Monday isn't?suitable.
They'd soon be penniless and homeless if she couldn't find?suitable?work.
It was only?suitable?for children.
The course is?suitable?for beginners and advanced students.
recording n. 录音，视频，录制，记录，记载
We're not?recording?now.
Two technicians were preparing a videotape?recording?of last week's programme.
We cannot erase the?recording.
His hobby is?recording?birdsong.
They sent the recording for our preview.
distant adj. 遥远的，远处的，久远的，冷淡的，远亲的
Her husband has become strange and distant.
She is a distant cousin of mine.
It snows all the year round in that distant little village.
His stepson is still very distant towards him.
volume n. 音量，响度，体积，容积，容量，量，额，卷
sound volume 音量
Their collective?volume?wasn't very large.
The?volume?of scheduled flights is straining the air traffic control system.
We needed to increase the?volume?of production.
This volume contains selections from his early works.
A gas has neither definite volume nor definite shape.
This button is for adjusting the volume.
stare vi. 盯着看，凝视，注视 n. 盯，凝视，注视
stare at 盯着看
They all stared with astonishment.
It's impolite to stare at people.
She gave him a long cool stare.
breath n. 呼吸，呼吸的空气，一次吸入的空气，微量，迹象
get one's breath back 喘过气来，恢复正常呼吸
hold one's breath 屏住呼吸
take someone's breath away 使某人激动(或惊羡)得透不过气来
out of breath 上气不接下气
He was?breath-tested. (他接受了呼气测醉试验。)
Wow, I can't catch my?breath. You are running too fast, honey.
It took us a few minutes to get our breath back after the race.
The delicious breath of rain was in the air.
unusual adj. 特别的，不寻常的，独特的，与众不同的 (反义词：usual)
His disappearance was?unusual.
His eyes were of?unusual?keenness.
His use of authentic, outdoor locations was?unusual.
Her gaze sharpened, as if she had seen something?unusual.
This is a not?unusual?occurrence.
grab vt. & vi. 吸引，抓住，赶紧，抓紧，攫取，逮捕，霸占，迅速抓起 n.抓住，攫取
I'd?grab?a chance to go to New York.
Grab a seat and make yourself at home.
Let's grab a sandwich and go to see the film.
He grabbed my collar and pulled me towards him.
When I gave him the chance, he grabbed it at once.
sweep vt. & vi. 席卷，横扫，打扫，吹走，清除 n. 打扫，清扫，连绵一片
sweep the floor 扫地
With one?sweep?of her hand she threw back the sheets.
He picked up the broom to help me sweep the floor.
His fingers swept the keys of the piano.
The breeze sweeps the crystal mirror of the pool.
The soldier swept the forest with a telescope.
He helplessly watched the wave sweep his cap away.
The boy helped his mother sweep away the dirt on the floor.
This floor needs a good sweep.
The long sweep of the distant hills could just be seen.
disc/disk n. 唱片，光碟，光盘，圆盘，圆片，平圆形的表面，圆盘状的东西
laser disc 激光唱盘
disc brake? [汽车]盘式制动器
flying disc? 飞盘
I was able to condense the music onto just one?disc.
I have many discs.
I bought this new Beatles disc on sale today.
The edge of the disc had been machined smooth.
This glass disc looks very fragile.
complicated adj. 复杂的，难懂的
His grasp of?complicated?concepts is impressive.
Manners allow you to navigate life's?complicated?situations with grace.
The biology of these diseases is terribly?complicated.
The?instructions?look?very?complicated.?
The situation?was?complicated?by the?spread?of?a?serious?forest?fire.?
lane n. 乡间小路，小巷，车道，跑道，航线，单行道，狭窄的通道，(游泳池的)水道
A shipping lane 航道
The lorry was travelling at 20mph in the slow?lane.
The lane is the boundary of our land from theirs.
She drives carefully up the rocky lane.
After overtaking you should move back into the inside lane.
The one in the second lane is in the lead now.
accompany vt. 陪同，陪伴，伴随，与......同时发生，为......伴奏 vi.伴奏，伴唱
Government monitors will continue to?accompany?reporters.
Ken agreed to?accompany?me on a trip to Africa.
She asked me to accompany her to the airport.
Lightning usually accompanies thunder.
In the singer's eyes,she accompanied magnificently.
expectation n. 希望，盼望，预料，预期，期望，指望
beyond one's expectation 出乎意料
We regarded the official survey with?expectation.
There's no expectation of snow tonight.
His parents have great expectations for his future.
She had high expectations of what university had to offer.
remarkable adj. 非凡的，奇异的，显著地，引人注目的，卓越的，举世瞩目的
The book is filled with remarkable insights.
He showed remarkable courage when he faced the danger.
The changes taking place in China are remarkable.
Science has made remarkable progress.
Remarkable economic results have been achieved by the company.
Mozart early showed a remarkable talent for music.
stream n. 小溪，人流，车流 vi. & vt. 鱼贯而行，涌动，流，流动
All I got was a?stream?of abuse.
The?stream?of words ended and she began to cry.
The discovery triggered a?stream?of readers' letters.
He cooled his burning feet in the?stream.
On either bank of the stream stand rows of willow trees.
Cars stream along the highway.
They streamed out of the cinema.
enthusiastic adj. 热情的，热心的，热诚的，狂热的
be enthusiastic about... 对……热心
Enthusiastic?crowds filled the streets.
Some teachers are?enthusiastic?about `drill and practice' programs.
The suggestion was accompanied by?enthusiastic?applause.
His idea received an enthusiastic response.
He is enthusiastic about helping others.
He doesn't know much about this subject, but he's very enthusiastic.
handkerchief n.(复数：handkerchiefs/ handkerchieves) 手帕，纸巾
He pulled a?handkerchief?out of his trouser pocket.
She was playing with her handkerchief all the while during the speech.
I polished my buttons with a handkerchief.
She embroidered her initials on the handkerchief.
I folded the handkerchief and put it in my pocket.
vast adj. 大量的，辽阔的，巨大的，庞大的，硕大无比的，浩瀚的，广阔的
`Vast' proved to be something of an overstatement.
A vast crowd turned out to watch the match.
The Pacific Ocean is a vast expanse of water.
gifted adj. 有才华的，有天赋的
He was witty, amusing, and?gifted.
Janice is a?gifted?dancer.
I don't think of myself as being especially?gifted.
He is academically?gifted.
reputation n. 名誉，名声，声望，名气
gain a reputation for... 以……而出名
The BBC has an unrivalled?reputation?around the world.
The newspapers have butchered his personal, political and professional reputation.
He earned a high reputation for his learning.
He has not too good a reputation in the matter of honesty.
He spotted his reputation by lying repeatedly.
This store has an excellent reputation for fair dealing.
brilliant adj. 聪颖的，技艺高的，巧妙地，很成功的，明亮的，了不起的，有才气的
I had a?brilliant?idea.
I was captivated by her?brilliant?mind.
He has got brilliant achievements in the field of physics.
The brilliant sun lit up their rooms.
Memory is like a living book whose brilliant fragments are worth reading a hundred times in my life.
prediction n.预言，预测，预料，预报，预言的事物，预报的事物 (vt. predict)
Weather?prediction?has never been a perfect science.
They were accurate in their?prediction?that he would change her life drastically.
The prediction was literally accomplished.
Without reliable data, prediction has no foundation.
Have you listened to the weather prediction for the day?
extraordinary adj. 不寻常的，非凡的，意想不到的，令人惊奇的，非常的，特别的
He has an extraordinary memory.
His extraordinary skill was praised by all.
He is full of extraordinary ideas.
The task requires extraordinary patience and endurance.
Apart from the hair, he looked extraordinarily unchanged.
Her?writings?have?extraordinary?depth?and?solidity.?
An?extraordinary?meeting?was held?to?discuss?the?problem.
depress vt. 使抑郁，使沮丧，是萧条，使不景气
These measures will further?depress?the market.
I know he is too optimistic but I don't want to?depress?him.
It's bad to depress your sorrow.
He was depressed by his defeat.
The thought of having to take the exam again depressed me.
The rainy days always depress me.
Does mass unemployment depress the wages?
upset adj. 难过的，失望的 vt. 使烦恼，搅乱，打翻，推翻，使(肠胃)不适 n. 倾覆，混乱
Marta looked?upset.
Diana was crying, so naturally Hannah was?upset.
Don't?upset?yourself, Ida.
When she first contacted me, Frances was?upset.
I'm suffering from an upset stomach.
I'm always upset when I don't get any mail.
Try not to get too upset about it.
He upset a bottle of ink.
The generals plotted to upset the government.
The whole plan was upset owing to his absence.
possess vt. 具有，拥有，支配，控制
We don't?possess?a car.
We all?possess?an animal instinct for survival.
She was possessed by the desire to be rich.
The police asked me if I possessed a gun.
Rose is a woman who possesses a rare intelligence.
Different workers possess different skills.
abandon vt. 中止，放弃，不再有，抛弃，舍弃，离弃，放纵
abandon oneself to... 纵情于......
The scheme's investors decided to?abandon?the project.
We'd better?abandon?that idea; there are too many problems.
They abandon themselves to drinking.
Those who abandon themselves to despair can not succeed.
Despite some difficulties, they're not going to abandon the plan.
The cruel man abandoned his wife and child.
all of a sudden 突然，猛地，冷不防
Life seemed all of a sudden empty and meaningless.
All of a sudden someone grabbed me around my neck.?
orchestra n. 管弦乐队，交响乐团
symphony orchestra 交响乐队
The?orchestra?played superbly.
She?plays the flute?in the school?orchestra.?
The?orchestra?is very?important?for?the?cultural?life?of?the?city.
The?Orchestra?will?play?at?Memorial Hall.?
desperate adj. 绝望的，不惜冒险的，极其需要的，极严重的，糟糕透了
As for his latest film, it's?desperate.
Haig was?desperate?for an affirmative answer.
You must help me, I'm?desperate.
The situation is?desperate.
He is desperate to get a job.
desperate和hopeless的比较:
desperate的基本意思是因绝望而“不顾一切的,拼命的”。desperate作“极想要的,极需要的”解时,在句中常作表语,且与for连用。desperate还可指在别无选择的情况下而作出的最后努力,即“铤而走险的,孤注一掷的”,但这种努力成功的希望很渺茫。与hopeless相比，desperate的语气要轻些。
The situation was desperate but not hopeless.
desperate后可接不定式，表示“发疯似地想要……”。be?desperate?at ...属于固定搭配，表示“因……而绝望”。
When the war was over, Tom was desperate to return to civilian life.
uplifting adj. 令人振奋的，鼓舞人心的，使人开心的，动词uplift的现在分词形式
Such?measures?have a?couple?of?uplifting?motives.
Articles must be?short,?readable?and?uplifting.?
Willpower?is?dynamic?when?applied to?positive,?uplifting?purposes.?
Mr Cain?has?an?impressive?and?uplifting resume.
The?accomplishment?is?uplifting?and good for the?soul.
He?prefers?uplifting?speeches?to?detailed?policy?recommendations.?
Watch?movies?that are?uplifting.?Read?books?that are?positive?and?encouraging.
ease n. 容易，轻易，舒适，安逸 vi. & vt. 使宽慰，减轻
at ease 舒适，安逸，轻松
We envy Sharon's?ease?in social situations.
Both women were unwelcoming, making little attempt to put Kathryn at her?ease.
The sea started to?ease?as we landed safely.
The pain was beginning to?ease.
Scots try to?ease?the winter blues with dreams of summer sun.(苏格兰人试图通过幻想夏天的太阳来缓解冬季抑郁症。)
genius n. 天赋，天资，天才，高智力，高创造力
I think he's a true?genius.
His genius as a painter flowered very early.
variation n. 变奏，变奏曲，变化，变更，变体，变种
Women have a monthly cycle of temperature?variation.
This is a set of variations on a theme by Mozart.
Prices have not shown much variation this year.
This?variation?shows up?in?the trees?growth rings.?
chorus n. 合唱曲，副歌，合唱团，歌舞队
In recent weeks the?chorus?of complaining has been growing.
The?chorus?sang wonderfully.
grand adj. 宏大的，宏伟的，壮丽的，堂皇的，巍峨的，完美的 n. 一千美元，大钢琴
Samantha lives in a very?grand?house.
This is a grand occasion.
How grand the mountains look in the early evening!
It'll cost you 50 grand!
finale n. 末乐章，终场，结局，结尾
The show's?finale?drew 1.8 million viewers.
The?finale?had 50,000 adults standing in open-mouthed wonderment.
It was a sad?finale?to an otherwise spectacular career.
rhythm n. 节奏，韵律，律动，规律，节拍，（事件或过程）有规律的反复出现
His body twists and sways to the?rhythm.
The immediate ancestor of rock 'n' roll is?rhythm-and-blues.
Stress and rhythm are important in speaking English.
He is trying to play the same tune in a different rhythm.
The rhythm of her heart beating is normal.
It is said that the rhythm of tides is affected by the moon.
furnace n. 火炉，熔铁炉，磨炼，严酷的考验 vt.在炉中加热，(似火炉般)散发
How can we walk? It's a?furnace?out there.
The temperature in the middle of the?furnace?sometimes reaches 1,000 degrees.
temperamental adj.气质的, 易生气的, 敏感的, 神经质的, 多变的, 冲动的
He is very?temperamental?and critical.
He has a?temperamental?dislike for hard work.
Actors have the reputation of being highly?temperamental.
Optimize leading group structure,also want to pay attention to temperamental problems.
refinement n. 精炼，精制，文雅，巧妙，精炼的产品，精心的安排，巧妙的发挥，改善
temperamental refinement 性情陶冶
Good manners and correct speech are marks of refinement.
Her mother is a woman with great refinement.
The whole science is nothing more than a refinement of everyday thinking.
peg n.小钉，螺钉，标度钉，尖爪，桩，琴轴
Erhu, a traditional Chinese musical instrument, is made up of six parts--head,peg,bow,stick,string and soundbox. And piano four parts--lid,string,keyboard and pedal.
twists and turns 故事等的情节曲折、转折、变化
The story has many unexpected twists and turns.
mania n. 癫狂，狂热，醉心，躁狂，狂暴变态的行为
Mozart?mania 莫扎特热
She has a?mania?for tidiness.
The media have a?mania?about rugby.
sweep along/sweep away (常用被动态)使深受影响，使醉心
We human beings cannot help being swept along by the force of our emotions.
course n.过程，道路，行动方向，所经之路vi.跑;迅速地流动 vt.迅速超过(或穿过)
compulsory course 必修课
of?course 当然
He turned around and tears coursed down his cheeks.
She took a course in philosophy.
We shall now describe the course of this change.
Fish was the last course that day.
Our course was straight to the north.
They came to dispute in the course of conversation.
with ease 不费力地，轻松地
Jim is always able to pass her exams with ease.
单词和短语互译
1.______ n. 奥地利人，奥地利语 (Austrian)
2.______ n. 作曲家，作曲者 (composer)
3.______ n. 交响乐，交响曲 (symphony)
4._______ n. 协奏曲 (concerto)
5._______ adj. 波兰的，波兰语的，波兰人的 n. 波兰人 (Polish)
6._______ vi. & vt.耳语，低语，私下说，沙沙作响 (whisper)
7.______ adj. 激动人心的，引人注目的，突然的，戏剧的，夸张的 ( dramatic)
8._______ n. 坟墓，死亡，去世 adj. 严重的，严肃的 (grave)
9._______ n. 曲调，曲子，节奏，歌曲 vt.&vi.调音，调频道 (tune)
10.______ adj.乡村的，农村的，乡下的，田园的，乡民的 (rural )
11.______ n. 环境，周围 (surroundings)
12.______ n. 极乐之地，极乐，天堂，天空 (heaven)
13.______ n. 微风，和风，轻而易举的事 vi.吹微风，飘然而行 (breeze)
14.______ n. 爵士乐 vt.演爵士乐 (jazz)
15._______ n. 拱门，拱，弓形结构 vi. & vt.(使)弯成弓形；(使)拱起 (arch )
16.________ adj. 共产主义的，共产党的 n.共产主义者，共产党员 (communist)
17.________ vt. & vi. 保护，辩护，防御，辨白，辩解 (defend)
18.________ n. 独奏，独唱，单独表演，独奏曲 adj.独奏的，独唱的，独自的 (solo)
19._______ adj. 太阳的，太阳能的，日光的，与太阳有关的，利用太阳能的 (solar)
20._______ vt. 问候，欢迎，招呼，致意，映入眼帘 (greet)
21.______ n. 录音，视频，录制，记录，记载 (recording)
22._______ adj. 遥远的，远处的，久远的，冷淡的，远亲的 (distant)
23._______ n. 音量，响度，体积，容积，容量，量，额，卷 (volume)
24._______ vi. 盯着看，凝视，注视 n. 盯，凝视，注视 (stare)
25.________ n. 呼吸，呼吸的空气，一次吸入的空气，微量，迹象 (breath)
26._______ adj. 特别的，不寻常的，独特的，与众不同的 (反义词：usual)(unusual)
27._______ n. 唱片，光碟，光盘，圆盘，圆片，平圆形的表面，圆盘状的东西(disc/disk)
28.______ n. 乡间小路，小巷，车道，跑道，航线，单行道 (lane)
29.________ vt. 陪同，陪伴，伴随，与......同时发生，为......伴奏 (accompany)
30._______ n. 希望，盼望，预料，预期，期望，指望 (expectation)
31.______ n. 小溪，人流，车流 vi. & vt. 鱼贯而行，涌动，流，流动(stream)
32.______ n. 手帕，纸巾 (handkerchief)
33._______ n. 名誉，名声，声望，名气 (reputation)
34._______ n.预言，预测，预料，预报，预言的事物，预报的事物 (prediction)
35._______ vt. 使抑郁，使沮丧，是萧条，使不景气 (depress)
36.______ vt. 中止，放弃，不再有，抛弃，舍弃，离弃，放纵 (abandon)
37._______ n. 管弦乐队，交响乐团 (orchestra)
38.______ adj. 令人振奋的，鼓舞人心的，使人开心的，动词uplift的现在分词形式(uplifting)
39._______ n. 天赋，天资，天才，高智力，高创造力 (genius)
40.______ n. 变奏，变奏曲，变化，变更，变体，变种 (variation)
41.______ n. 合唱曲，副歌，合唱团，歌舞队 (chorus)
42._______ n. 末乐章，终场，结局，结尾 (finale)
43._____ n. 节奏，韵律，律动，规律，节拍，(事件或过程)有规律的反复出现(rhythm)
44._______ n. 火炉，熔铁炉，磨炼，严酷的考验 vt.在炉中加热 (furnace)
45.______ n.小钉，螺钉，标度钉，尖爪，桩，琴轴 (peg)
46._____ n. 癫狂，狂热，醉心，躁狂，狂暴变态的行为 (mania)
47. nail polish______________ (指甲油)
48.tear apart_____________________ (使关系密切的人分离，分开，撕开)
49.rely on =depend on________________ (依赖，依靠，信任，指望)
50.throw in_______________________ (奉送，额外赠送，附送，扔进，插话)
51.for good measure______________________ (额外，作为额外增添)
52.consist of...______________ <由......组成(构成)(=be made up of.../be composed of...)>
53.get down to (doing) sth______________ (开始认真做某事，开始认真注意或对待某事)
54.all of a sudden_________________ (突然，猛地，冷不防)
55.temperamental refinement______________ (性情陶冶)
56.twists and turns_______________ (故事等的情节曲折、转折、变化)
57.sweep along/sweep away___________　　 ＜(常用被动态)使深受影响，使醉心＞
58.with ease_____________ (不费力地，轻松地)
根据句境、首字母及汉语提示完成单词拼写
1.A hot plate will spoil the p______ on this table. (polish)
2.Water is ______ of hydrogen and oxygen. (composed)
3.Grains?_______(值得)?the most emphasis in the diet. (deserve)
4.The tree gives a p______ shade in summer. (pleasant)
5.Jenny, what's wrong with you? Why do you keep?w_____ like that? (weeping)
6.There will be no difficulty in the world that they cannot o_______. (overcome)
7.Life has many joys and s______. (sorrows)
8.The magician t_____ the frog into a princess. (transformed/turned)
9.The lovers promised to be faithful f______. (forever)
10.We can't always combine work ______ pleasure. (with)
11.Rock music?came out of?the?_______(布鲁斯音乐). (blues)
12.He is a very popular f_____ singer. (folk)
13.He?wrote?a??_____(抒情的) poem.? (lyric)
14.Wealth does not?g______?happiness. (guarantee)
15.I bought my son an ______(改写本) for children of a play by Shakespeare. (adaptation)
16.When another country i______ your country and you choose to work for the invader, you are a traitor. (invades)
17.The government is trying to stop the increasing f____ of refugees entering the country. (flow)
18.If a?s______?travels faster than 11 km a second, it escapes the earth's gravitational pull. (spacecraft/spaceship)
19.The course is?s_______?for beginners and advanced students. (suitable)
20.He g______ my collar and pulled me towards him. (grabbed)
21.He picked up the broom to help me ______ the floor. (sweep)
22.The situation?was?______(复杂)?by the?spread?of?a?serious?forest?fire.? (complicated)
23.He showed r______ courage when he faced the danger. (remarkable)
24.He is _______(热心的) about helping others. (enthusiastic)
25.The Pacific Ocean is a v____ expanse of water. (vast)
26.Janice is a?g_____?dancer. (gifted)
27.He has got b______ achievements in the field of physics. (brilliant)
28.The task requires e_______ patience and endurance. (extraordinary)
29.The whole plan was u______ owing to his absence. (upset)
30.We all?p______?an animal instinct for survival. (possess)
31.He is d_____ to get a job. (desperate)
32.The pain was beginning to?e______. (ease)
33.How g_____ the mountains look in the early evening! (grand)
34.He turned around and tears c______ down his cheeks. (coursed)
35.They came to dispute in the ______ of conversation. (course)
新牛津高中英语词汇练习十四(ss)
识记
Austrian n. 奥地利人，奥地利语 adj. 奥地利的，奥地利人的，奥地利语的
In my heart I am, and will remain, an?Austrian!
The?Austrian?economy has outperformed most other industrial economies.
She is going to marry an Austrian.
Austrian?women?receive?$700?a month?for three?years?when?they have their?first?child.?
composer n. 作曲家，作曲者
After his education, Goldschmidt became a pupil of the?composer?Franz Schreker.
It?was?the?fortieth?anniversary?of the death of the?composer.
No?composer?was?considered?worthy?of the name?until?he?had written?an opera.
symphony n. 交响乐，交响曲
symphony orchestra 交响乐队
The?symphony?does require a large group of players.
The first movement of the symphony is beautiful.
concerto n. 协奏曲
The concert ended with a Mozart violin concerto.
She played the difficult piano concerto to perfection.
There was some fine playing in the violin?concerto.
Polish adj. 波兰的，波兰语的，波兰人的 n. 波兰人
My spoken Polish is better than my written Polish.
After escaping from the labor camp through sewers, he joined the semiofficial Polish militia in 1944.?
Germany insists on restrictions on the import of?Polish?coal.
polish vt. 擦，擦光，使完美 vi.被擦亮，变得完美，发光泽 n.擦亮剂，光滑，擦，优雅
nail polish 指甲油
It's an honest book but it lacks?polish.
Women with longer nails should leave more?polish?on the brush.
Polish your shoes with a brush.
A hot plate will spoil the polish on this table.
This car polish is an effective shield against rust.
I polished my buttons with a handkerchief.
compose vt. & vi. 作曲，组成，撰写，创作，调解，使镇静
compose music 作曲
be composed of...=be made up of..=consist of... 由......组成
Most software programs allow you to?compose?emails offline.
She began to compose songs at an early age.
Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen.
Compose yourself and try to tell me what happened.
deserve vt. 值得，应得
They?deserve?their success.
Grains?deserve?the most emphasis in the diet.
I used to be very absolutist regarding the death penalty, but some people really?deserve?to die.
Violent and dangerous kids?deserve?to be locked up.
He has done nothing to deserve death.
You deserve a reward for being so helpful.
These proposals deserve careful study.
tear apart 使关系密切的人分离，分开，撕开
Studies?show that?factory?farms?can?tear?apart?rural?communities.
But?when?a?misunderstanding?arises,?their?lifelong?friendship?suddenly?threatens?to?tear?apart.
Most?businesses?are?not?willing to?tear?apart?last?year's?model?of?success?and build?a?new?one.
If?you're ready?to?forgive?me,?then?nothing?can?tear?us?apart,?I?promise.?
Nothing?could?tear?us?apart,?and now?we?were?here?together.?
pleasant adj. 令人愉快的，可喜的，有好的，和善的
It's so?pleasant?after the bad weather we've been having.
It's always?pleasant?to do what you're good at.
Peter is so pleasant that everyone likes him.
We are living in pleasant surroundings.
The tree gives a pleasant shade in summer.
whisper vi. & vt.耳语，低语，私下说，沙沙作响 n. 低语，轻柔的声音，传言
in a whisper 轻声地
I've heard a?whisper?that the Bishop intends to leave.
He was having to?whisper?to avoid being overheard by his neighbors.
Her voice dropped to a?whisper.
They heard the?whisper?of leaves.
dramatic adj. 激动人心的，引人注目的，突然的，戏剧的，夸张的
She announced the?dramatic?news.
Her opening words were dramatic.
It was really a dramatic game.
I decided to take a dramatic arts class as my elective.
weep (wept, wept) vi. & vt. 哭泣，流泪，滴(液体)，流浓
weep one's eyes out 痛哭不止
Jenny, what's wrong with you? Why do you keep?weeping like that?
She began to?weep?in choking sobs, and Meadows tried to calm her.
She wanted to laugh and?weep?all at once.
In severe cases, the skin can crack and?weep.
She wept bitter tears over her lost youth.
Evil men should weep for their evil deeds.
overcome (overcame, overcome) vt. 克服，解决，战胜，受到......的极大鼓舞
I then realized how possible it was to?overcome?your limitations.
She speaks to women in a gentle way that helps?overcome?resistance.
There will be no difficulty in the world that they cannot overcome.
I was overcome by a sense of failure. (我被失败感所压倒。)
We?can?overcome?any?difficulty,?however?great.?
Mary?was?overcome with emotion.(玛丽激动得不能自持。)
She?was?overcome?with grief?when?her husband?died.?(丈夫去世时她悲痛欲绝。)
conquer，overcome，overthrow，defeat，beat 这些动词均含“征服，战胜”之意。
conquer?? 侧重战胜和控制。书面用词。
overcome?? 多指战胜或克服非物质的东西，如困难和不良习惯等。语气较弱也可指在斗争或竞争中战胜或压倒对方。
overthrow?? 指彻底击败对手，使其丧失力量和地位。
defeat?? 普通用词，多指在战争、比赛、竞选或辩论中战胜对手，侧重胜利的暂时性。
beat?? 口笔语均可用，可与defeat换用。
sorrow n. 悲伤，悲痛，伤心事，遗憾，忧愁，不幸
Words cannot express my?sorrow.
As he looked at Katherine, great?sorrow?clouded his eyes.
He hanged himself in sorrow after his wife died.
Life has many joys and sorrows.
He expressed his sorrow for what he had done.
grave n. 坟墓，死亡，去世 adj. 严重的，严肃的
have one foot in the grave 快死了
They laid flowers on his?grave.
He drank himself to an early?grave.
He was shoveling earth into the?grave.
His face was grave when I told him my decision.
The situation poses a grave threat to world peace.
He announced the news in a grave voice.
Life is a battle from cradle to?grave.
They used to visit her grave twice a year.
He?knew?he?had committed?a?grave?error?of?judgment.?
earnest，serious，grave，severe这些形容词均有“严肃的”之意。
earnest?? 指严肃，认真，含诚恳和热情意味。
serious?? 指具有关键、严肃或严重意义的事情。
grave?? 侧重严肃和尊严，需要认真思考，含令人担忧意味。
severe?? 指面孔的严肃，法律的严厉，伤病的严重。着重严厉性，无丝毫温情。
transform vi. & vt. 使变形，使改观，使转化，变形，变换
Even a single letter can?transform?the meaning of the word it precedes.
He wanted to reconstruct the state and?transform?society.
The magician transformed the frog into a princess.
His plans were transformed overnight into reality.
The sofa can transform for use as a bed.
forever adv. 永远，长久地，老是
The lovers promised to be faithful forever.
Although shoes like this are expensive, they last?forever.
The old social order was gone?forever.
She is highly intelligent and her mind is?forever?active.
combine vt. & vi.使融合，使结合，使混合，融合，结合，兼做，合并 n. 集团，联合收割机
Two parties will combine to defeat the third.
We can't always combine work with pleasure.
We should combine work with rest.
Efforts and confidence combine to make a full man.
The newspaper combine threatened all the smaller papers.
The oil combine monopolized the fuel sales of the country.
rely on =depend on 依赖，依靠，信任，指望
It would be better to?rely on?ourselves than on others.
I'd like to come with you but that's not a promise, don't?rely on?it.
Don't?rely on?going abroad for our holiday, we may not be able to afford it.
You can't?rely on?the weather being fine for anything you plan in England.
You can?rely on?me for help.
You cannot?rely on?her; for instance, she arrived an hour late for an important meeting yesterday.
blues n.(the blues) 蓝调，布鲁斯音乐，忧郁，悲伤
My favorite music is blues.
Leave me alone.I really have the blues today.(离我远点,我今天情绪确实不好。)
Can?white?girls?sing?the?blues??
Rock music?came out of?the?blues.?
Most?pop?music?is?influenced, to a greater?or?lesser?degree, by?the?blues.
The?room?was?decorated?in a combination?of?greens?and?blues.
folk adj. 民间的，民俗的 n.民间音乐，人们，各位，家人
folk music 民谣，民间音乐
They're city?folk. They don't understand the ways of the country.
A military band played Russian marches and?folk?tunes.
By midnight, most of the old?folk?had gone home.
A lot of folks are upset at the changes.
I'd like you to meet my folks.(我想要你见见我的父母。)
He is a very popular folk singer.
Chicken soup is a popular folk remedy for the common cold.
tune n. 曲调，曲子，节奏，歌曲 vt.&vi.调音，调频道，调整，用无线电与…取得联系
in tune 协调
tune in收听，调谐
He whistled a?tune.
The fiddler played another little?tune.
He sang out of?tune.
The orchestra tuned their instruments.
The machine has just been tuned.
We always tune in at ten o'clock to hear the news.
lyric n. 歌词，抒情诗 adj.抒情的，吟唱的
lyric?poetry/poem 抒情诗
Many of the slower dances are danced to the?lyrics of tragedies. He meant that you turned it into a comedy.
He is a fine writer of lyrics.
I'm deeply moved by this lyric of Shelley's.
I didn't remember the lyric,but the song sounded quiet and peaceful.
He?wrote?a?lyric?poem.?
At last,?I?translated?the?lyric?into?Chinese.?
He?wrote?lyric?poems of his own?in?English, for he?did not?speak?the Welsh?language.?
throw in 奉送，额外赠送，附送，扔进，插话
You can have the piano for $200, and I’ll throw in the stool as well.
The dealer will throw in the painting for free.
If you buy a refrigerator, we will throw in a microwave oven.
for good measure 额外，作为额外增添
And?just?for?good?measure,?they?added?two?spaceship?sounds:?rising?and?gently?descending.?
I added one more sugar to my coffee for good measure.
George usually repeats an example for good measure.
In addition to dessert , they serve fruit?for good measure
rural adj.乡村的，农村的，乡下的，田园的，乡民的，乡下人的，农业的
People were compulsorily transferred from?rural?villages to the new tower blocks.
Nine tenths of the population in rural areas live from hand to mouth.
The rural scenery was so beautiful that he decided to stay one more week.
The disease occurs most frequently in rural areas.
surroundings n. 环境，周围
He looked more relaxed, as if some of the harmony from his?surroundings?had flowed into him.
The town and its?surroundings?are lovely.
Her son Peter adapted effortlessly to his new?surroundings.
She?felt?uneasy?in?the?unfamiliar?surroundings.
It took?him?a?while?to?adapt himself to?his?new?surroundings.?
environment和surroundings的区别：
environment意为"环境,周围状况,自然环境"，一个生物体或一群生物体周围的整体状况，尤其指作用和影响这群生物体的生长、发展和生存的外界物质条件的总和。
surroundings用复数形式，指"环境,周围的事物",词义较狭窄,仅指周围的具体的物质性的东西。
The twins were separated at birth and brought up in entirely different environments.
The students live happily in beautiful surroundings.
surrounding和surroundings的区别：
surrounding的意思：adj. 周围的; 附近的; v. (现在分词)围绕; 环绕; (使)包围，围住。surrounding用着形容词时是指单纯的环境。
surroundings的意思：环境(用复数形式)。surroundings指环境时包括周围的建筑物或者其他物体。
heaven n. 极乐之地，极乐，天堂，天空
seventh heaven, 七重天，极乐世界
This help was, he believed,?heaven-sent.(他相信这一帮助是上天所赐。)
The soft cotton feels like?heaven?on the skin.
It would be?heaven?to hold you in my arms again.
A lark is singing in the heaven.
If there's a heaven on earth, this is it!
It was the will of Heaven.
breeze n. 微风，和风，轻而易举的事 vi.吹微风，飘然而行 vt.使作轻松活动
The leaves stirred in the?breeze.
There was a stiff southerly?breeze.
As the?breeze?grew in strength, the flags shook.
We are enjoying the cool breeze that comes from the lake.
We got the job done in a breeze.
Teaching you English is by no means a breeze.
She breezed along, smiling at everyone.
guarantee vt.保证，担保，确保，为某种产品提供保修 n.保证，担保，保修单
It was still under?guarantee.
Wealth does not?guarantee?happiness.
The vigorous pursuit of policies is no?guarantee?of success.
In most cases, your?guarantee?will still be valid.
He says the new legislation will?guarantee?fairness for blacks in Georgia.
jazz n. 爵士乐 vt.演爵士乐
Jazz?is always improvisation. (爵士乐长久以来都是即兴创作的。)
Chaka Khan is realizing a lifetime's ambition by making a?jazz?album .
arch n. 拱门，拱，弓形结构 vi. & vt.(使)弯成弓形；(使)拱起
The triumphal?arch?commemorates Caesar's victory over Pompey.
They walked through the?arch?and into the courtyard.
Dip your head under the low arch.
The cat arched its back when it saw the dog.
adaptation n.改编本，改写本，适应，顺应，改装，改建，改写 (vt. adapt)
Most living creatures are capable of?adaptation?when compelled to do so.
Scotish adaptation was made about a century later.
I bought my son an adaptation for children of a play by Shakespeare.
He made a quick adaptation to the new environment.
Another idea is that art is a social adaptation.
communist adj. 共产主义的，共产党的 n.共产主义者，共产党员
He was a convinced?Communist.
Elections might ultimately produce a?Communist?victory.
invader n.侵略者，侵害者，侵略军，武装入侵的军队或国家 (vt. invade)
The invaders laid towns and villages in ruins.
A country must have the will to repel any invader.
When another country invade your country and you choose to work for the invader, you are a traitor.
consist of... 由......组成(构成)(=be made up of.../be composed of...)
The medical team consists of five doctors and ten nurses.
Air consists chiefly of nitrogen.
All electronic computers consist of five units although they are of different kinds.
defend vt. & vi. 保护，辩护，防御，辨白，辩解
defend against 防御.
It was Chelsea's turn to?defend.
The move was unpopular, but he had to?defend?it.
Millions of ordinary Americans defend?their right to own and use guns.
He had lawyers of his own choice to?defend?him.
She demonstrated how best to defend oneself.
The union said that they would take action to defend their member's jobs.
Some players are better at defending.
solo n. 独奏，独唱，单独表演，独奏曲 adj.独奏的，独唱的，独自的
The original version featured a guitar?solo.
The concert began with piano solo.
He has been asked to sing a solo at the concert.
flow vi.流，流动，充满，涨起 n. 流，流动，连贯，涨潮
This river flowed southwest to the Atlantic Ocean.
She lost control and the tears began to flow.
The low grounds along the river are annually flowed.
The government is trying to stop the increasing flow of refugees entering the country.
She unbound her hair and let it flow loose in the wind.
These dams have restricted the flow of the river downstream.
spacecraft n.(单复数同形) 航天器，宇宙飞船，航天飞机，太空船
unmanned spacecraft 无人飞船
The United States may soon have a manned?spacecraft?on Mars.
If a?spacecraft?travels faster than 11 km a second, it escapes the earth's gravitational pull.
The spacecraft is orbiting the moon.
Spacecraft have already traveled to other planets.
solar adj. 太阳的，太阳能的，日光的，与太阳有关的，利用太阳能的
solar energy 太阳能
solar system? 太阳系，太阳能系统，日头系，太阳系统
The roof has been designed to provide?solar?heating.
There remain gaps in our knowledge of the?solar?system.
A total?solar?eclipse is due to take place some time tomorrow.
Solar?panels?can only operate?in?sunlight.?
Large?homes?should?have?solar?collectors?in?their?designs.?
The?picture?shows?six?of?the?nine?planets?in the?solar?system.?
greet vt. 问候，欢迎，招呼，致意，映入眼帘
They hastened to?greet?him and asked urgently, `Did you find it?'
I got up from my chair and went to?greet?her.
An unerringly professional team?greet?and treat clients.
She liked to be home to?greet?Steve when he came in from school.
He greeted her with a loving hug.
Mick greeted her with a kiss on each cheek.
The audience greeted his speech with loud cheer.
get down to (doing) sth 开始认真做某事，开始认真注意或对待某事
Shall we have a rest or get down to doing our work??
Once you want to do something, you must get down to doing it well.?
It is time that they got down to doing their work.
get down to doing 和get down to do两者用法都有。 ??
get down to do sth 坐下来做...，着手做…
get down to doing sth开始认真做或认真对待某事。
suitable adj. 合适的，适当的，适宜的，适应的，适用的，恰当的
be suitable for... 适合…….
Monday isn't?suitable.
They'd soon be penniless and homeless if she couldn't find?suitable?work.
It was only?suitable?for children.
The course is?suitable?for beginners and advanced students.
recording n. 录音，视频，录制，记录，记载
We're not?recording?now.
Two technicians were preparing a videotape?recording?of last week's programme.
We cannot erase the?recording.
His hobby is?recording?birdsong.
They sent the recording for our preview.
distant adj. 遥远的，远处的，久远的，冷淡的，远亲的
Her husband has become strange and distant.
She is a distant cousin of mine.
It snows all the year round in that distant little village.
His stepson is still very distant towards him.
volume n. 音量，响度，体积，容积，容量，量，额，卷
sound volume 音量
Their collective?volume?wasn't very large.
The?volume?of scheduled flights is straining the air traffic control system.
We needed to increase the?volume?of production.
This volume contains selections from his early works.
A gas has neither definite volume nor definite shape.
This button is for adjusting the volume.
stare vi. 盯着看，凝视，注视 n. 盯，凝视，注视
stare at 盯着看
They all stared with astonishment.
It's impolite to stare at people.
She gave him a long cool stare.
breath n. 呼吸，呼吸的空气，一次吸入的空气，微量，迹象
get one's breath back 喘过气来，恢复正常呼吸
hold one's breath 屏住呼吸
take someone's breath away 使某人激动(或惊羡)得透不过气来
out of breath 上气不接下气
He was?breath-tested. (他接受了呼气测醉试验。)
Wow, I can't catch my?breath. You are running too fast, honey.
It took us a few minutes to get our breath back after the race.
The delicious breath of rain was in the air.
unusual adj. 特别的，不寻常的，独特的，与众不同的 (反义词：usual)
His disappearance was?unusual.
His eyes were of?unusual?keenness.
His use of authentic, outdoor locations was?unusual.
Her gaze sharpened, as if she had seen something?unusual.
This is a not?unusual?occurrence.
grab vt. & vi. 吸引，抓住，赶紧，抓紧，攫取，逮捕，霸占，迅速抓起 n.抓住，攫取
I'd?grab?a chance to go to New York.
Grab a seat and make yourself at home.
Let's grab a sandwich and go to see the film.
He grabbed my collar and pulled me towards him.
When I gave him the chance, he grabbed it at once.
sweep vt. & vi. 席卷，横扫，打扫，吹走，清除 n. 打扫，清扫，连绵一片
sweep the floor 扫地
With one?sweep?of her hand she threw back the sheets.
He picked up the broom to help me sweep the floor.
His fingers swept the keys of the piano.
The breeze sweeps the crystal mirror of the pool.
The soldier swept the forest with a telescope.
He helplessly watched the wave sweep his cap away.
The boy helped his mother sweep away the dirt on the floor.
This floor needs a good sweep.
The long sweep of the distant hills could just be seen.
disc/disk n. 唱片，光碟，光盘，圆盘，圆片，平圆形的表面，圆盘状的东西
laser disc 激光唱盘
disc brake? [汽车]盘式制动器
flying disc? 飞盘
I was able to condense the music onto just one?disc.
I have many discs.
I bought this new Beatles disc on sale today.
The edge of the disc had been machined smooth.
This glass disc looks very fragile.
complicated adj. 复杂的，难懂的
His grasp of?complicated?concepts is impressive.
Manners allow you to navigate life's?complicated?situations with grace.
The biology of these diseases is terribly?complicated.
The?instructions?look?very?complicated.?
The situation?was?complicated?by the?spread?of?a?serious?forest?fire.?
lane n. 乡间小路，小巷，车道，跑道，航线，单行道，狭窄的通道，(游泳池的)水道
A shipping lane 航道
The lorry was travelling at 20mph in the slow?lane.
The lane is the boundary of our land from theirs.
She drives carefully up the rocky lane.
After overtaking you should move back into the inside lane.
The one in the second lane is in the lead now.
accompany vt. 陪同，陪伴，伴随，与......同时发生，为......伴奏 vi.伴奏，伴唱
Government monitors will continue to?accompany?reporters.
Ken agreed to?accompany?me on a trip to Africa.
She asked me to accompany her to the airport.
Lightning usually accompanies thunder.
In the singer's eyes,she accompanied magnificently.
expectation n. 希望，盼望，预料，预期，期望，指望
beyond one's expectation 出乎意料
We regarded the official survey with?expectation.
There's no expectation of snow tonight.
His parents have great expectations for his future.
She had high expectations of what university had to offer.
remarkable adj. 非凡的，奇异的，显著地，引人注目的，卓越的，举世瞩目的
The book is filled with remarkable insights.
He showed remarkable courage when he faced the danger.
The changes taking place in China are remarkable.
Science has made remarkable progress.
Remarkable economic results have been achieved by the company.
Mozart early showed a remarkable talent for music.
stream n. 小溪，人流，车流 vi. & vt. 鱼贯而行，涌动，流，流动
All I got was a?stream?of abuse.
The?stream?of words ended and she began to cry.
The discovery triggered a?stream?of readers' letters.
He cooled his burning feet in the?stream.
On either bank of the stream stand rows of willow trees.
Cars stream along the highway.
They streamed out of the cinema.
enthusiastic adj. 热情的，热心的，热诚的，狂热的
be enthusiastic about... 对……热心
Enthusiastic?crowds filled the streets.
Some teachers are?enthusiastic?about `drill and practice' programs.
The suggestion was accompanied by?enthusiastic?applause.
His idea received an enthusiastic response.
He is enthusiastic about helping others.
He doesn't know much about this subject, but he's very enthusiastic.
handkerchief n.(复数：handkerchiefs/ handkerchieves) 手帕，纸巾
He pulled a?handkerchief?out of his trouser pocket.
She was playing with her handkerchief all the while during the speech.
I polished my buttons with a handkerchief.
She embroidered her initials on the handkerchief.
I folded the handkerchief and put it in my pocket.
vast adj. 大量的，辽阔的，巨大的，庞大的，硕大无比的，浩瀚的，广阔的
`Vast' proved to be something of an overstatement.
A vast crowd turned out to watch the match.
The Pacific Ocean is a vast expanse of water.
gifted adj. 有才华的，有天赋的
He was witty, amusing, and?gifted.
Janice is a?gifted?dancer.
I don't think of myself as being especially?gifted.
He is academically?gifted.
reputation n. 名誉，名声，声望，名气
gain a reputation for... 以……而出名
The BBC has an unrivalled?reputation?around the world.
The newspapers have butchered his personal, political and professional reputation.
He earned a high reputation for his learning.
He has not too good a reputation in the matter of honesty.
He spotted his reputation by lying repeatedly.
This store has an excellent reputation for fair dealing.
brilliant adj. 聪颖的，技艺高的，巧妙地，很成功的，明亮的，了不起的，有才气的
I had a?brilliant?idea.
I was captivated by her?brilliant?mind.
He has got brilliant achievements in the field of physics.
The brilliant sun lit up their rooms.
Memory is like a living book whose brilliant fragments are worth reading a hundred times in my life.
prediction n.预言，预测，预料，预报，预言的事物，预报的事物 (vt. predict)
Weather?prediction?has never been a perfect science.
They were accurate in their?prediction?that he would change her life drastically.
The prediction was literally accomplished.
Without reliable data, prediction has no foundation.
Have you listened to the weather prediction for the day?
extraordinary adj. 不寻常的，非凡的，意想不到的，令人惊奇的，非常的，特别的
He has an extraordinary memory.
His extraordinary skill was praised by all.
He is full of extraordinary ideas.
The task requires extraordinary patience and endurance.
Apart from the hair, he looked extraordinarily unchanged.
Her?writings?have?extraordinary?depth?and?solidity.?
An?extraordinary?meeting?was held?to?discuss?the?problem.
depress vt. 使抑郁，使沮丧，是萧条，使不景气
These measures will further?depress?the market.
I know he is too optimistic but I don't want to?depress?him.
It's bad to depress your sorrow.
He was depressed by his defeat.
The thought of having to take the exam again depressed me.
The rainy days always depress me.
Does mass unemployment depress the wages?
upset adj. 难过的，失望的 vt. 使烦恼，搅乱，打翻，推翻，使(肠胃)不适 n. 倾覆，混乱
Marta looked?upset.
Diana was crying, so naturally Hannah was?upset.
Don't?upset?yourself, Ida.
When she first contacted me, Frances was?upset.
I'm suffering from an upset stomach.
I'm always upset when I don't get any mail.
Try not to get too upset about it.
He upset a bottle of ink.
The generals plotted to upset the government.
The whole plan was upset owing to his absence.
possess vt. 具有，拥有，支配，控制
We don't?possess?a car.
We all?possess?an animal instinct for survival.
She was possessed by the desire to be rich.
The police asked me if I possessed a gun.
Rose is a woman who possesses a rare intelligence.
Different workers possess different skills.
abandon vt. 中止，放弃，不再有，抛弃，舍弃，离弃，放纵
abandon oneself to... 纵情于......
The scheme's investors decided to?abandon?the project.
We'd better?abandon?that idea; there are too many problems.
They abandon themselves to drinking.
Those who abandon themselves to despair can not succeed.
Despite some difficulties, they're not going to abandon the plan.
The cruel man abandoned his wife and child.
all of a sudden 突然，猛地，冷不防
Life seemed all of a sudden empty and meaningless.
All of a sudden someone grabbed me around my neck.?
orchestra n. 管弦乐队，交响乐团
symphony orchestra 交响乐队
The?orchestra?played superbly.
She?plays the flute?in the school?orchestra.?
The?orchestra?is very?important?for?the?cultural?life?of?the?city.
The?Orchestra?will?play?at?Memorial Hall.?
desperate adj. 绝望的，不惜冒险的，极其需要的，极严重的，糟糕透了
As for his latest film, it's?desperate.
Haig was?desperate?for an affirmative answer.
You must help me, I'm?desperate.
The situation is?desperate.
He is desperate to get a job.
desperate和hopeless的比较:
desperate的基本意思是因绝望而“不顾一切的,拼命的”。desperate作“极想要的,极需要的”解时,在句中常作表语,且与for连用。desperate还可指在别无选择的情况下而作出的最后努力,即“铤而走险的,孤注一掷的”,但这种努力成功的希望很渺茫。与hopeless相比，desperate的语气要轻些。
The situation was desperate but not hopeless.
desperate后可接不定式，表示“发疯似地想要……”。be?desperate?at ...属于固定搭配，表示“因……而绝望”。
When the war was over, Tom was desperate to return to civilian life.
uplifting adj. 令人振奋的，鼓舞人心的，使人开心的，动词uplift的现在分词形式
Such?measures?have a?couple?of?uplifting?motives.
Articles must be?short,?readable?and?uplifting.?
Willpower?is?dynamic?when?applied to?positive,?uplifting?purposes.?
Mr Cain?has?an?impressive?and?uplifting resume.
The?accomplishment?is?uplifting?and good for the?soul.
He?prefers?uplifting?speeches?to?detailed?policy?recommendations.?
Watch?movies?that are?uplifting.?Read?books?that are?positive?and?encouraging.
ease n. 容易，轻易，舒适，安逸 vi. & vt. 使宽慰，减轻
at ease 舒适，安逸，轻松
We envy Sharon's?ease?in social situations.
Both women were unwelcoming, making little attempt to put Kathryn at her?ease.
The sea started to?ease?as we landed safely.
The pain was beginning to?ease.
Scots try to?ease?the winter blues with dreams of summer sun.(苏格兰人试图通过幻想夏天的太阳来缓解冬季抑郁症。)
genius n. 天赋，天资，天才，高智力，高创造力
I think he's a true?genius.
His genius as a painter flowered very early.
variation n. 变奏，变奏曲，变化，变更，变体，变种
Women have a monthly cycle of temperature?variation.
This is a set of variations on a theme by Mozart.
Prices have not shown much variation this year.
This?variation?shows up?in?the trees?growth rings.?
chorus n. 合唱曲，副歌，合唱团，歌舞队
In recent weeks the?chorus?of complaining has been growing.
The?chorus?sang wonderfully.
grand adj. 宏大的，宏伟的，壮丽的，堂皇的，巍峨的，完美的 n. 一千美元，大钢琴
Samantha lives in a very?grand?house.
This is a grand occasion.
How grand the mountains look in the early evening!
It'll cost you 50 grand!
finale n. 末乐章，终场，结局，结尾
The show's?finale?drew 1.8 million viewers.
The?finale?had 50,000 adults standing in open-mouthed wonderment.
It was a sad?finale?to an otherwise spectacular career.
rhythm n. 节奏，韵律，律动，规律，节拍，（事件或过程）有规律的反复出现
His body twists and sways to the?rhythm.
The immediate ancestor of rock 'n' roll is?rhythm-and-blues.
Stress and rhythm are important in speaking English.
He is trying to play the same tune in a different rhythm.
The rhythm o