作主语和宾语的动词-ing形式
作主语和宾语的动词-ing形式通常称为“动名词”，也是动词非谓语形式之一。因为动名词的形式和现在分词形式一样，语法上把动名词和现在分词都称为动词-ing形式。其实，它们之间的区别还是很大的。功能上看，动名词具备名词的特征，一般作主语和宾语等；而现在分词具有形容词和副词的功能，可作定语、状语和表语等。如：
Getting up early is a good habit. (动名词作主语)
Teachers’ job is giving. (现在分词作表语)
There is a big reading room in our school library. (动名词作定语)
At the surprising news, she didn’t know what to do. (现在分词作定语)
She practices speaking English every day. (动名词作宾语)
We don’t allow smoking here. (动名词作宾语)
The teacher walked around in the classroom, waiting for the students to ask questions. (现在分词作状语)
动词-ing形式作为动名词，主要功能是作主语和宾语。以下几点需要注意：
1.动名词作主语，有时常用it作形式主语。而这种“it作形式主语”的句型多半是：It is useful/of use/useless/no use doing.... It is no good doing.... It is a waste of time doing.... 如：
Singing is fun.
Hearing how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure.
It is no use crying.
It is no good doing such a thing.新牛津高中英语课文拓展阅读填空(十四)
根据句境、首字母及所给的词，用正确形式完成单词填空
A
Chinese
music
is
loved
all
over
the
world,
especially
ten
of
folk
music
from
it.
"Golden
Snake
Dance"
is
a
Cantonese
music.
It
was
(1)c_____
by
Nie
Er,
one
of
China's
most
renowned
musicians,
and
it
is
happy
and
exciting.
The
music
will
never
be
(2)_____(forget),
especially
during
festivals,
(3)_____
the
snake
dance
is
performed
to
celebrate.
"Farewell
at
the
Yangguan
Pass"is
based
(4)____
a
poem
by
famous
Tang
Dynasty
poet
Wang
Wei.
It
was
composed
to
express
two
friends'
feeling
for
each
other.
And
in
the
form
of
roundelay,
it
was
repeated
three
times
to
show
their
(5)______(reluctant)
to
say
good-bye.
The
famous
blind
erhu
player
Hua
Yanjun,
or
better
(6)______(know)
as
Ah
Bing,
had
suffered
a
lot
during
his
lifetime,
but
people
will
never
forget
him.
His
most
outstanding
composition
"Moon
Reflected
on
the
Second
Spring"
became
one
of
the
(7)_______(represent)
music
pieces
of
China.
The
music
“Zhao
Jun
Married
away
Beyond
the
Great
Wall”
was
based
on
a
historic
story
of
the
Han
Dynasty
some
2000
years
(8)______,
when
princess
Zhao
Jun
traveled
to
the
far
northwest
to
marry
the
leader
of
a
Han
regime.
Pipa
music
“Ambush
on
all
sides”
tells
of
a
historic
war
some
2200
years
ago,
when
the
two
rival
sides
of
Chu
(9)_____
Han
fought
for
the
leadership
of
the
country.
During
the
final
battle,
the
Chu
soldiers
were
surrounded
by
the
Han
army
,
and
(10)f_____
they
were
defeated.
The
music
depicts
this
great
war
scene.
And
the
(11)____
five
traditional
music
pieces
are
“Moon-lit
Night
by
the
Spring
River”,
“The
Butterfly
(12)_____(love)”,
“Three
Stanzas
of
plum-blossoms”,
“Flying
Chinese
Francolin”
and
“In
the
Quiet
of
the
Night.”
1.composed
2.forgotten
3.when
4.on
5.reluctance
6.known
7.representative
8.ago
9.and
10.finally
11.other
12.Lovers
B
The
Beijing
Music
Festival,
(1)______(initiate)
and
approved
by
the
Culture
Ministry
of
China
and
the
Beijing
Municipal
Government
in
1998,
is
held
in
Beijing
(2)_____(annual).
With
great
contributions
to
world
culture
and
arts
exchanges,
the
Beijing
Music
Festival
has
become
a
(3)_______(symbol)
cultural
activity
of
Beijing
and
a
world
famous
international
music
ceremony,
inviting
distinguished
musicians
and
music
groups
from
home
and
(4)_____.
The
festival
(5)o_____
a
wide
variety
of
music
performances,
(6)______(include)
opera,
symphonic,
solo
concert,
chamber
music
concert,
classical
jazz
concert,
song
and
dance
drama,
and
vocal
concert.
It
has
(7)a_____
artists
and
audience
form
all
(8)_____
the
world.
1.initiated
2.annually
3.symbolic
4.abroad
5.offers
6.including
7.attracted
8.over
新牛津高中英语课文拓展阅读填空(十四)(ss)
根据句境、首字母及所给的词，用正确形式完成单词填空
A
Chinese
music
is
loved
all
over
the
world,
especially
ten
of
folk
music
from
it.
"Golden
Snake
Dance"
is
a
Cantonese
music.
It
was
(1)c_____
by
Nie
Er,
one
of
China's
most
renowned
musicians,
and
it
is
happy
and
exciting.
The
music
will
never
be
(2)_____(forget),
especially
during
festivals,
(3)_____
the
snake
dance
is
performed
to
celebrate.
"Farewell
at
the
Yangguan
Pass"is
based
(4)____
a
poem
by
famous
Tang
Dynasty
poet
Wang
Wei.
It
was
composed
to
express
two
friends'
feeling
for
each
other.
And
in
the
form
of
roundelay,
it
was
repeated
three
times
to
show
their
(5)______(reluctant)
to
say
good-bye.
The
famous
blind
erhu
player
Hua
Yanjun,
or
better
(6)______(know)
as
Ah
Bing,
had
suffered
a
lot
during
his
lifetime,
but
people
will
never
forget
him.
His
most
outstanding
composition
"Moon
Reflected
on
the
Second
Spring"
became
one
of
the
(7)_______(represent)
music
pieces
of
China.
The
music
“Zhao
Jun
Married
away
Beyond
the
Great
Wall”
was
based
on
a
historic
story
of
the
Han
Dynasty
some
2000
years
(8)______,
when
princess
Zhao
Jun
traveled
to
the
far
northwest
to
marry
the
leader
of
a
Han
regime.
Pipa
music
“Ambush
on
all
sides”
tells
of
a
historic
war
some
2200
years
ago,
when
the
two
rival
sides
of
Chu
(9)_____
Han
fought
for
the
leadership
of
the
country.
During
the
final
battle,
the
Chu
soldiers
were
surrounded
by
the
Han
army
,
and
(10)f_____
they
were
defeated.
The
music
depicts
this
great
war
scene.
And
the
(11)____
five
traditional
music
pieces
are
“Moon-lit
Night
by
the
Spring
River”,
“The
Butterfly
(12)_____(love)”,
“Three
Stanzas
of
plum-blossoms”,
“Flying
Chinese
Francolin”
and
“In
the
Quiet
of
the
Night.”
B
The
Beijing
Music
Festival,
(1)______(initiate)
and
approved
by
the
Culture
Ministry
of
China
and
the
Beijing
Municipal
Government
in
1998,
is
held
in
Beijing
(2)_____(annual).
With
great
contributions
to
world
culture
and
arts
exchanges,
the
Beijing
Music
Festival
has
become
a
(3)_______(symbol)
cultural
activity
of
Beijing
and
a
world
famous
international
music
ceremony,
inviting
distinguished
musicians
and
music
groups
from
home
and
(4)_____.
The
festival
(5)o_____
a
wide
variety
of
music
performances,
(6)______(include)
opera,
symphonic,
solo
concert,
chamber
music
concert,
classical
jazz
concert,
song
and
dance
drama,
and
vocal
concert.
It
has
(7)a_____
artists
and
audience
form
all
(8)_____
the
world.新牛津高中英语写作练习十四
阅读下面短文，根据其内容和所给段落的第一句话进行续写，使之构成一个完整的短文。
续写的词数应为
大约150
词。
It
had
been
one
of
those
days
when
nothing
goes
right.
I
was
due
at
work
at
8
o’clock,
but
I
was
ten
minutes
late
because
I
overslept.
I
went
straight
to
my
regular
post
–
the
toy
department.
It
was
two
days
before
Christmas
and
the
department
was
a
mess.
It
caused
me
to
think
back
to
the
time
when
I
enjoyed
Christmas.
That
was
two
years
ago,
before
I
went
work
here.
Somehow
since
that
time,
Christmas
didn’t
mean
much
anymore,
except
more
work
and
headaches.
The
whole
day
I
had
to
work
hard.
And
I
still
had
to
finish
my
Christmas
shopping
that
evening.
I
had
just
finished
explaining
to
a
man
why
we
didn’t
sell
firecrackers,
when
I
felt
a
tug
on
my
arm.
It
was
one
of
the
two
kids
I
had
been
keeping
an
eye
on
for
a
while
---
security
told
us
to
watch
kids
for
stealing.
He
and
his
little
sister
had
been
looking
at
the
“discount”
counter,
where
we
had
all
the
cheapest
toys.
Before
I
even
bent
down
to
listen
to
him,
I
checked
around
for
his
sister.
I
didn’t
see
her.
“Sir,
do
you
think
this
would
be
a
good
present
for
my
little
sister?”
he
said
in
a
broken
accent,
holding
up
a
bottle
of
soap
bubble
liquid.
“I
don’t
want
her
to
know
about
it,”
he
whispered
before
I
could
even
answer.
I
just
agreed
with
him.
He
stuck
his
hand
in
the
pocket
of
his
dirty
jeans
and
pulled
out
a
fistful
of
change,
asking
if
he
had
enough
money
to
pay
for
it.
“It
looks
like
you’ll
have
to
try
to
find
something
else,”
I
said.
“You
need
ten
more
cents.”
I
doubted
it
was
a
trick,
especially
at
Christmas.
He
looked
sad
and
went
back
to
find
something
else.
I
watched
him
from
the
corner
of
my
eye
for
a
while
as
he
looked
at
other
items,
but
always
came
back
to
the
soap
bubbles.
I
left
the
area
for
a
few
minutes
and
when
I
came
back
he
was
still
there,
trying
to
find
a
cheaper
gift.
Somehow,
the
kid
struck
me
as
different
from
most
the
troublemakers
we
got
in
the
toy
department.
Paragraph
1:
I
went
over
to
him
and
asked
if
he
had
found
anything
yet.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph
2:
I
followed
him
secretly
to
see
what
he
really
spent
the
money
on.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I
went
over
to
him
and
asked
if
he
had
found
any
thing
yet.
He
just
shook
his
head
and
looked
very
disappointed.
“Well,
let’s
see
how
much
money
you
have
again,”
I
said.
He
gave
me
the
change
and
I
concealed
ten
cents
in
my
hand.
“Well,
look
it
here!”
I
said,
“I
must
have
counted
wrong
before
–you
have
just
enough
for
those
soap
bubbles.”
His
smile
spread
out
to
his
ears
and
he
got
the
bottle
of
soap
bubble
liquid.
He
went
away
in
a
hurry.
I
followed
him
secretly
to
see
what
he
really
spent
the
money
on.
He
went
through
the
line
with
a
smile
on
his
face,
then
met
his
sister
outside.
He
bought
his
sister
a
Christmas
gift
with
his
last
pennies.
Somehow
the
rest
of
the
day
went
much
better,
and
for
the
first
time
in
three
years
I
had
Christmas
spirit
again,
but
I
got
some
really
odd
looks
from
my
family
when
I
came
home
with
soap
bubbles.
新牛津高中英语写作练习十四（ss）
阅读下面短文，根据其内容和所给段落的第一句话进行续写，使之构成一个完整的短文。
续写的词数应为
大约150
词。
It
had
been
one
of
those
days
when
nothing
goes
right.
I
was
due
at
work
at
8
o’clock,
but
I
was
ten
minutes
late
because
I
overslept.
I
went
straight
to
my
regular
post
–
the
toy
department.
It
was
two
days
before
Christmas
and
the
department
was
a
mess.
It
caused
me
to
think
back
to
the
time
when
I
enjoyed
Christmas.
That
was
two
years
ago,
before
I
went
work
here.
Somehow
since
that
time,
Christmas
didn’t
mean
much
anymore,
except
more
work
and
headaches.
The
whole
day
I
had
to
work
hard.
And
I
still
had
to
finish
my
Christmas
shopping
that
evening.
I
had
just
finished
explaining
to
a
man
why
we
didn’t
sell
firecrackers,
when
I
felt
a
tug
on
my
arm.
It
was
one
of
the
two
kids
I
had
been
keeping
an
eye
on
for
a
while
---
security
told
us
to
watch
kids
for
stealing.
He
and
his
little
sister
had
been
looking
at
the
“discount”
counter,
where
we
had
all
the
cheapest
toys.
Before
I
even
bent
down
to
listen
to
him,
I
checked
around
for
his
sister.
I
didn’t
see
her.
“Sir,
do
you
think
this
would
be
a
good
present
for
my
little
sister?”
he
said
in
a
broken
accent,
holding
up
a
bottle
of
soap
bubble
liquid.
“I
don’t
want
her
to
know
about
it,”
he
whispered
before
I
could
even
answer.
I
just
agreed
with
him.
He
stuck
his
hand
in
the
pocket
of
his
dirty
jeans
and
pulled
out
a
fistful
of
change,
asking
if
he
had
enough
money
to
pay
for
it.
“It
looks
like
you’ll
have
to
try
to
find
something
else,”
I
said.
“You
need
ten
more
cents.”
I
doubted
it
was
a
trick,
especially
at
Christmas.
He
looked
sad
and
went
back
to
find
something
else.
I
watched
him
from
the
corner
of
my
eye
for
a
while
as
he
looked
at
other
items,
but
always
came
back
to
the
soap
bubbles.
I
left
the
area
for
a
few
minutes
and
when
I
came
back
he
was
still
there,
trying
to
find
a
cheaper
gift.
Somehow,
the
kid
struck
me
as
different
from
most
the
troublemakers
we
got
in
the
toy
department.
Paragraph
1:
I
went
over
to
him
and
asked
if
he
had
found
anything
yet.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph
2:
I
followed
him
secretly
to
see
what
he
really
spent
the
money
on.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
