青岛实验高中2020-2021学年度第二学期
第三学段质量检测
第一部分
听力
（满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.
What
does
the
woman
offer
to
do
for
the
man?
A.
Look
at
his
X-ray.
B.
Give
him
treatment.
C.
Send
him
to
the
hospital.
2.
How
does
the
woman
feel
about
the
price?
A.
Expensive.
B.
Reasonable.
C.
Cheap.
3.
What
is
the
woman
going
to
do?
A.
Call
Julian
Assange.
B.
Watch
the
news
on
TV.
C.
Get
information
on
the
Internet.
4.
Why
didn’t
the
man
finish
his
science
homework?
A
He
didn’t
have
enough
time.
B.
He
forgot
it
completely.
C.
He
found
it
difficult.
5.
What
does
the
job
require?
A.
Business
trips
to
Italian.
B.
Excellent
Spanish.
C.
Native
Germans.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6.
What
will
the
man
teach
this
afternoon?
A.
American
history.
B.
English
Grammar.
C.
English
history.
7.
What
time
does
the
conversation
take
place?
A.
At
6:55.
B.
At
7:00.
C.
At
7:05.
听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。
8.
Where
was
the
woman
born?
A.
In
America.
B.
In
France.
C.
In
England.
9.
Who
held
the
art
show?
A.
The
man.
B.
The
man’s
students.
C.
The
man’s
daughter.
10.
What
do
we
know
about
the
man’s
daughter?
A.
She
is
studying
in
London.
B.
She
graduated
from
New
York
University.
C.
She
likes
painting
and
playing
the
piano.
听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。
11.
How
can
parents
prevent
children
from
falling
down
the
stairs?
A.
By
using
mats.
B.
By
fitting
safety
gates.
C.
By
accompanying
them.
12.
Which
place
is
the
most
dangerous
according
to
the
woman?
A.
The
kitchen.
B.
The
bathroom.
C.
The
living
room.
13.
What
probably
is
the
man?
A.
A
writer.
B.
A
TV
host.
C.
A
radio
host.
听下面一段对话，回答第14至第16三个小题。
14.
What
can
we
learn
about
the
woman?
A.
She
works
in
Japan.
B.
She
lives
in
the
town.
C.
She
changes
her
jobs
often.
15.
What
did
the
man
plan
to
do
at
first?
A.
Travel
to
Japan.
B.
Start
his
own
business.
C.
Go
abroad
to
study.
16.
Where
does
the
man
work
now?
A.
In
a
shop.
B.
In
a
supermarket.
C.
In
a
restaurant.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17.
Where
was
the
Mary
Celeste
going?
A.
The
USA.
B.
Italy.
C.
England.
18.
What
did
the
ship
look
like
when
found
in
the
eastern
Atlantic?
A.
Badly
damaged.
B.
In
great
danger.
C.
In
good
condition.
19.
What
happened
to
the
ten
people
on
the
ship?
A.
They
were
dead.
B.
They
were
missing.
C.
They
were
injured.
20.
What
does
the
speaker
think
of
the
story
about
the
Mary
Celeste?
A.
Boring.
B.
Understandable.
C.
Mysterious.
第二部分
阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Students,
teachers,
and
local
community
members
are
strongly
encouraged
to
register
online
to
receive
real-time
information
of
emergency
events
from
Columbia
University.
Text
message
warnings
will
only
be
used
in
rare
cases
where
ongoing
events
cause
an
immediate
threat
or
have
a
significant
influence.
Possible
situations
include
severe
weather
conditions,
emergency
campus
closures,
crimes
in
progress
that
may
endanger
the
community,
and
major
transportation
interruptions.
Read
instructions
on
how
to
sign
up
for
emergency
notifications（通知）.
Columbia
students
Columbia
students
can
easily
register
for
text
message
notifications.
Simply
enter
Student
Services
Online,
click
on
"Text
Message
Enrollment"
and
add
your
cellphone
number.
Students
can
register
parents
or
family
members
by
following
the
instructions
for
the
public
below.
Columbia
teachers
Columbia
teachers
can
register
for
text
message
notifications
by
following
the
step
by
step
instructions
below:
●
Register
with
your
UNI
and
password
at
my.columbia.edu.
●
Select
"Faculty
&
Staff"
at
the
top
of
the
page.
●
Select
"Contact
Details".
●
Click
the
"+"
under
"Phone".
●
Select
"Campus
Alert
1".
●
Enter
your
mobile
number.
To
receive
emergency
information
on
additional
mobile
phones,
you
may
follow
the
above
instructions
for
"Campus
Alert
2"
and
"Campus
Alert
3"
for
a
total
of
three.
Community/General
Public
Community/General
Public
interested
in
receiving
emergency
information
from
Columbia
can
sign
up
by
clicking
on
the
"Register"
button
on
the
registration
page
and
entering
their
email
and
mobile
number.
Users
will
receive
confirmation
code（密码）on
their
phone
and
will
need
to
confirm
their
account
via
email.
Users
can
choose
not
to
use
the
Emergency
Text
Alert
System
at
any
time
by
texting
STOP
to
226787,
calling
226789
or
sending
an
email
to
lr27682@.cumc.columbia.edu.
1.
Which
is
a
possible
situation
where
a
text
message
will
be
sent?
A.
The
temperature
will
drop
slightly
tomorrow.
B.
The
campus
will
be
closed
during
Christmas.
C.
The
main
railway
system
of
the
city
is
interrupted.
D.
A
bank
robber
is
being
sentenced
in
the
court
of
the
city.
2.
Which
step
comes
before
the
others
when
teachers
register?
A.
Selecting
Campus
Alert.
B.
Entering
mobile
numbers.
C.
Clicking
"+"
under
"Phone".
D.
Selecting
"Faculty&
Staff".
3.
How
can
users
stop
receiving
text
messages?
A.
By
sending
an
email.
B.
By
texting
STOP
to
226789.
C.
By
managing
information
online.
D.
By
making
a
phone
call
to
226787.
【答案】1.
C
2.
D
3.
A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要是关于注册紧急短信通知的说明。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Possible
situations
include
severe
weather
conditions,
emergency
campus
closures,
crimes
in
progress
that
may
endanger
the
community,
and
major
transportation
interruptions.（可能的情况包括恶劣的天气条件、校园紧急关闭、可能危及社区的正在进行的犯罪以及严重的交通中断。）”可知，城市的主要铁路系统中断是一种发送紧急短信提醒的情况。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Columbia
teachers部分的“Select
"Faculty
&
Staff"
at
the
top
of
the
page.（选择页面顶部的“教职员工”。）”可知，教师注册时，先选“教职员工”。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Users
can
choose
not
to
use
the
Emergency
Text
Alert
System
at
any
time
by
texting
STOP
to
226787,
calling
226789
or
sending
an
email
to
lr27682@.cumc.columbia.edu.（用户可以通过发短信STOP
to
226787、拨打226789或发邮件至lr27682@.cumc.columbia.edu，随时选择不使用紧急短信警报系统。）”可知，可以通过发送邮件的方式随时选择不使用紧急短信警报系统。故选A。
B
Extreme
athletes
have
been
using
wingsuits（翼装）to
fly
for
many
years.
However,
the
pull
of
gravity
makes
it
impossible
to
speed
up
or
fly
higher.
To
push
past
the
limitations,
Peter
Salzmann
teamed
up
with
German
car
maker
BMW.
The
result
is
an
electrified
wingsuit,
which
allows
flyers
to
rise
to
higher
altitudes
at
the
speed
of
up
to
186
miles
per
hour!
The
33-year-old
professional
wingsuit
pilot
first
thought
of
creating
the
design
in
2017,
"At
the
time,
I
was
developing
suits
for
skydiving
with
a
friend,"
he
explains.
"One
evening
after
a
day
of
testing,
we
threw
out
lots
of
ideas
about
how
we
could
improve
performance.
One
of
them
was
a
supporting
motor-and
it's
an
idea
I
just
couldn't
shake
off.
I
found
the
idea
of
being
able
to
jump
from
my
local
mountain
wearing
the
wingsuit
and
land
in
my
garden
exciting."
To
help
with
the
process,
Salzmann
reached
out
to
the
experts
at
BMW's
Designworks
Studio.
It
took
the
team
three
years
and
multiple
test
jumps
to
perfect
the
design.
The
result
is
an
updated
version
of
wingsuit
with
two
5-inch
propellers（螺旋桨）,
Powered
by
a
battery,
the
propellers
can
be
controlled
using
an
on/off
switch
and
even
stopped
mid-flight
using
the
emergency
button,
if
the
flyer
encounters
an
airplane
or
a
flock
of
birds.
On
November
6,
2020,
Salzmann,
wearing
his
hi-tech
suit,
leaped
from
a
helicopter
from
an
altitude
of
10,000
feet
to
soar
around
the
mountain
peaks.
The
expert
pilot
fired
up
the
electric
motors
and
rocketed
forward,
gliding
above
four
mountain
peaks.
The
task
completed,
the
pilot
opened
his
parachute（降落伞）and
gently
landed.
It
is
unclear
if
Salzmann
and
BMW
plan
to
make
the
electrified
wingsuits
available
to
the
general
public.
But,
one
can
always
hope!
4.
What
do
we
know
about
the
new
wingsuit?
A.
It
flies
faster
and
higher.
B.
It
breaks
away
from
gravity.
C.
It's
equipped
with
a
car
motor.
D.
It
has
been
used
for
many
years.
5.
What
is
the
second
paragraph
mainly
about?
A.
What
Salzmann's
friend
did
to
help
him.
B.
What
Salzmann
experienced
in
his
career
C.
How
Salzmann
became
a
professional
pilot.
D.
How
Salzmann
came
up
with
the
new
design.
6.
What
can
the
flyer
do
to
deal
with
the
danger
during
the
flight?
A.
Press
the
emergency
button.
B.
Reach
out
to
an
expert.
C.
Check
the
propellers.
D.
Open
the
parachute.
7.
What
does
the
underlined
word
"soar"
in
Paragraph
4
probably
mean?
A.
Explore.
B.
Search.
C.
Fly.
D.
Dig.
【答案】4.
A
5.
D
6.
A
7.
C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了翼装飞行员Salzmann和宝马公司合作研发可以安装在翼装上的发动机，为翼装飞行增加了动力的情况。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“The
result
is
an
electrified
wingsuit,
which
allows
flyers
to
rise
to
higher
altitudes
at
the
speed
of
up
to
186
miles
per
hour!(其结果是一种带电的翼装，它可以让飞行员以186英里每小时的速度上升到更高的高度!)”可知，这种新翼装可使飞得更快更高。故选A项。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中Salzmann
所说“
One
evening
after
a
day
of
testing,
we
threw
out
lots
of
ideas
about
how
we
could
improve
performance.
One
of
them
was
a
supporting
motor-and
it's
an
idea
I
just
couldn't
shake
off.
I
found
the
idea
of
being
able
to
jump
from
my
local
mountain
wearing
the
wingsuit
and
land
in
my
garden
exciting.(在一天的测试之后的一个晚上，我们提出了许多关于如何提高性能的想法。其中一个是辅助发动机——这是一个我无法摆脱的想法。我觉得穿着翼装从本地的山上跳下来，然后降落在我的花园里，非常令人兴奋。)”等内容可知，本段主要介绍了Salzmann是如何想出新设计的。故选D项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“…and
even
stopped
mid-flight
using
the
emergency
button,
if
the
flyer
encounters
an
airplane
or
a
flock
of
birds.(……如果飞行者遇到一架飞机或一群鸟，甚至会在飞行中途按下紧急按钮停止飞行。)”可知，飞行员在飞行过程中如遇危险，要按下紧急按钮。故选A项。
【7题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段划线词句中“…Salzmann,
wearing
his
hi-tech
suit,
leaped
from
a
helicopter
from
an
altitude
of
10,000
feet
(Salzmann穿着高科技宇航服，从10000英尺高空的直升机上一跃而下)”和下文“The
task
completed,
the
pilot
opened
his
parachute（降落伞）and
gently
landed.
(任务完成后，飞行员打开降落伞，轻轻着陆。)”可以推断，划线词汇soar意为“飞行，翱翔”。选项C“飞行”与之意义相近。故选C项。
C
Masks
that
helped
save
lives
are
proving
a
deadly
danger
for
wildlife,
with
birds
and
sea
creatures
trapped
in
the
shocking
number
of
thrown-away
facial
coverings.
Single-use
masks
have
been
found
around
pavements,
waterways
and
beaches
worldwide.
Worn
once,
the
thin
protective
materials
can
take
hundreds
of
years
to
decompose.
“Face
masks
aren't
going
away
any
time
soon—but
when
we
throw
them
away,
these
items
can
harm
the
environment
and
the
animals,”
Ashley
Fruno
of
animal
rights
group
PETA
said.
In
Britain,
a
gull
was
rescued
by
the
RSPCA
after
its
legs
became
tangled
in
the
straps
of
a
mask
for
up
to
a
week.
The
animal
welfare
charity
took
it
to
a
wildlife
hospital
for
treatment
before
its
release.
The
biggest
impact
may
be
in
the
water.
More
than
1.5
billion
masks
made
their
way
into
the
world's
oceans
last
year,
accounting
for
around
6,200
extra
tonnes
of
ocean
plastic
pollution,
according
to
environmental
group
Oceans
Asia.
Conservationists
in
Brazil
found
one
mask
inside
the
stomach
of
a
penguin
after
its
body
was
washed
up
on
a
beach,
while
a
dead
pufferfish
was
discovered
caught
inside
another
off
the
coast
of
Miami.
French
campaigners
found
a
dead
crab
trapped
in
a
mask
near
the
Mediterranean.
Masks
and
gloves
are
“particularly
problematic”
for
sea
creatures,
says
George
Leonard,
chief
scientist
from
NGO
Ocean
Conservancy.
“When
those
plastics
break
down
in
the
environment,
they
then
enter
the
food
chain
and
impact
entire
ecosystems.”
he
added.
There
has
been
a
shift
towards
greater
use
of
reusable
cloth
masks
as
the
pandemic
has
worn
on,
but
many
are
still
using
the
lighter
single-use
varieties.
Campaigners
have
urged
people
to
bin
them
properly
and
cut
the
straps
to
reduce
the
risk
of
animals
becoming
trapped.
Oceans
Asia
has
also
called
on
governments
to
increase
fines
for
littering
and
encourage
the
use
of
washable
masks.
8.
What's
Paragraph
1
mainly
about?
A.
The
problem
of
littering
masks.
B.
The
long
time
to
break
down
masks.
C.
The
threat
of
masks
to
wildlife.
D.
The
protective
use
of
masks
to
people.
9.
What
did
the
animal
welfare
charity
do
to
the
gull?
A.
They
gave
first
aid
to
the
bird.
B.
They
released
the
bird
at
once.
C.
They
kept
the
bird
for
about
a
week.
D.
They
sent
the
bird
to
hospital.
10.
How
is
Paragraph
4
developed?
A.
By
providing
examples.
B.
By
giving
explanations.
C.
By
making
comparisons.
D.
By
analyzing
causes.
11.
Which
measure
has
been
taken
to
help
solve
the
problem?
A
Forbidding
the
use
of
single-use
masks.
B.
Wearing
reusable
cloth
masks.
C.
Cutting
the
masks
up
before
throwing.
D.
Increasing
fines
for
binning
masks.
【答案】8.
C
9.
D
10.
A
11.
B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了曾经帮助拯救生命的面具，现在被证明对野生动物是致命的危险，鸟类和海洋生物被困在数量惊人的丢弃的面部覆盖物中。列举了一些口罩对野生动物造成威胁的例子和对此问题的解决措施。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Masks
that
helped
save
lives
are
proving
a
deadly
danger
for
wildlife,
with
birds
and
sea
creatures
trapped
in
the
shocking
number
of
thrown-away
facial
coverings.
Single-use
masks
have
been
found
around
pavements,
waterways
and
beaches
worldwide.
Worn
once,
the
thin
protective
materials
can
take
hundreds
of
years
to
decompose.
“Face
masks
aren't
going
away
any
time
soon—but
when
we
throw
them
away,
these
items
can
harm
the
environment
and
the
animals,”
Ashley
Fruno
of
animal
rights
group
PETA
said.(曾经帮助拯救生命的面具，现在被证明对野生动物是致命的危险，鸟类和海洋生物被困在数量惊人的丢弃的面部覆盖物中。在世界各地的人行道、水道和海滩上都发现了一次性口罩。一旦磨损，这种薄的保护材料需要几百年才能分解。动物权利组织PETA的Ashley
Fruno说：“口罩不会在短时间内消失——但当我们扔掉它们时，这些东西会损害环境和动物。)”可知，第一段主要讲了口罩对野生动物的威胁。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The
animal
welfare
charity
took
it
to
a
wildlife
hospital
for
treatment
before
its
release.(在它被释放之前，这家动物福利慈善机构把它送到一家野生动物医院进行治疗)”可知，动物福利慈善机构把这只海鸥送到了医院。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Conservationists
in
Brazil
found
one
mask
inside
the
stomach
of
a
penguin
after
its
body
was
washed
up
on
a
beach,
while
a
dead
pufferfish
was
discovered
caught
inside
another
off
the
coast
of
Miami.
French
campaigners
found
a
dead
crab
trapped
in
a
mask
near
the
Mediterranean.
Masks
and
gloves
are
“particularly
problematic”
for
sea
creatures,
says
George
Leonard,
chief
scientist
from
NGO
Ocean
Conservancy.
“When
those
plastics
break
down
in
the
environment,
they
then
enter
the
food
chain
and
impact
entire
ecosystems.”
he
added.(巴西的环保人士在一只企鹅的尸体被冲上海滩后，在它的胃里发现了一个口罩，而迈阿密海岸的另一只企鹅的胃里发现了一条河豚的尸体。法国活动人士在地中海附近发现了一只被困在口罩中的死螃蟹。非政府组织海洋保护协会的首席科学家George
Leonard表示，口罩和手套对海洋生物来说“尤其成问题”。“当这些塑料在环境中分解，它们就会进入食物链，影响整个生态系统。”他补充道)”可推知，第四段是通过举例子来展开的。故选A。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“There
has
been
a
shift
towards
greater
use
of
reusable
cloth
masks
as
the
pandemic
has
worn
on,
but
many
are
still
using
the
lighter
single-use
varieties.(随着新冠大流行的结束，人们开始更多地使用可重复使用的布口罩，但许多人仍在使用较轻的一次性口罩品种)”可知，已经采取了佩戴可重复使用的口罩的措施来帮助解决这个问题。故选B。
D
Like
infectious
diseases,
ideas
in
the
academic
world
are
epidemic
(传染的).
But
why
some
travel
far
and
wide
while
equally
good
ones
has
been
a
mystery?
Now
a
team
of
computer
scientists
has
used
an
epidemiological
model
to
simulate
(模仿)
how
ideas
move
from
one
academic
institution
to
another.
The
model
showed
that
ideas
originating
at
famous
institutions
caused
bigger
“epidemics”
than
equally
good
ideas
from
less
famous
places,
explains
Allison
Morgan,
a
computer
scientist
at
the
University
of
Colorado
Boulder.
“This
implies
that
where
an
idea
is
born
shapes
how
far
it
spreads,”
says
senior
author
Aaron
Clauset.
Not
only
is
this
unfair—
“it
reveals
a
big
weakness
in
how
we’re
doing
science,”
says
Simon
DeDeo,
a
professor
of
social
and
decision
sciences
at
Carnegie
Mellon
university,
who
was
not
involved
in
the
study.
“There
are
many
highly
trained
people
with
good
ideas
who
do
not
end
up
at
top
institutions.
They
are
producing
good
ideas,
and
we
know
those
ideas
are
getting
lost,”
DeDeo
says.
“Our
science,
our
scholarships,
is
not
as
good
because
of
this.”
The
Colorado
researchers
first
looked
at
how
five
big
ideas
in
computer
science
spread
to
new
institutions.
They
found
that
hiring
a
new
faculty
member
accounted
for
this
movement
a
little
more
than
a
third
of
the
time--and
in
81
percent
of
those
cases,
transmissions
took
place
from
higher
–
to
lower-prestige
(声望)
universities.
Then
the
team
simulated
the
spread
of
ideas
using
an
infectious
disease
model
and
found
that
the
size
of
an
idea
“epidemic”
depended
on
the
prestige
of
the
originating
institution.
The
researchers’
model
suggests
that
there
“may
be
a
number
of
quite
good
ideas
that
originate
in
the
middle
of
the
pack,
in
terms
of
universities.”
Clauset
says.
There
is
a
lot
of
good
work
coming
out
of
less
famous
places.
he
says:
“You
can
learn
a
huge
amount
from
it,
and
you
can
learn
things
that
other
people
don’t
know
because
they’re
not
even
paying
attention.”
12.
How
did
the
scientists
carry
out
their
research?
A.
By
making
use
of
a
model.
B.
By
analyzing
previous
data.
C.
By
comparing
different
results.
D.
By
interviewing
different
people.
13.
According
to
Simon
DeDeo,
What
can
we
infer
in
Paragraph
3?
A.
All
the
people
with
higher
education
have
good
ideas.
B.
Some
scholarships
aren’t
given
to
the
right
people.
C.
Most
good
ideas
come
from
not-so-great
institutions.
D.
People
with
higher
education
should
work
in
top
institutions.
14.
What
is
the
fourth
paragraph
mainly
about?
A.
The
causes
of
the
results.
B.
The
importance
of
the
research.
C.
The
findings
of
the
research.
D.
The
characteristics
of
big
ideas.
15.
What
may
be
the
best
title
for
the
passage?
A.
Spread
good
ideas
as
far
as
possible.
B.
Best
ideas
come
from
top
institutions.
C.
Save
good
ideas
from
less
famous
places.
D.
Ideas
from
top
institutions
travel
farther.
【答案】12.
A
13.
B
14.
C
15.
D
【解析】
【分析】本文为说明文。文章介绍了一种社会现象——顶级机构的想法传播得更远。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。依据第一段a
team
of
computer
scientists
has
used
an
epidemiological
model
to
simulate…可知，科学家们利用模型进行研究。故A选项正确。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。第三段Simon
Dedeo说：“这揭示了我们在科学方面的巨大弱点。”“很多受过高等教育的人都有很好的想法，但最终却没有进入顶尖机构。他们正在产生好的想法，我们知道这些想法正在消失，”；“由于这一点，我们的科学，我们的奖学金没有那么好。”由此可推断，有些奖学金并没有给对的人。故B选项正确。
【14题详解】
段落大意题。依据第四段They
found
that...Then
the
team
simulated
the
spread
of
ideas...and
found
that...。由两处found
that...可知，该段主要呈现研究的结果。故C选项正确。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。文章第一段提出一种社会现象，学术思想像传染病一样会流行，但为什么一些传播的远而另一些却不？后文通过流行病学建模实验来说明，来自名家机构的思想要比来自不太著名地方的同样好的思想更加的“流行”。因此D项“顶级机构的想法传播得更远”适合做最佳标题。故D选项正确。
D
Prosocial
behaviors
are
those
intended
to
help
other
people.
Behaviors
that
can
be
described
as
prosocial
include
feeling
empathy(同感)
and
concern
for
others
and
behaving
in
ways
to
help
or
benefit
other
people.
Prosocial
behavior
has
long
posed
a
challenge
to
social
scientists
seeking
to
understand
why
people
engage
in
helping
behaviors
that
are
beneficial
to
others,
but
costly
to
the
individual
performing
the
action.
Why
would
people
do
something
that
benefits
someone
else
but
offers
no
immediate
benefit
to
the
doer?
Psychologists
suggest
that
there
are
a
number
of
reasons
why
people
engage
in
prosocial
behavior.
In
many
cases,
such
behaviors
are
fostered
during
childhood
and
adolescence
as
adults
encourage
children
to
share,
act
kindly,
and
help
others.
Prosocial
behaviors
are
often
seen
as
being
compelled
by
a
number
of
factors
including
egoistic
reasons
(doing
things
to
improve
one's
self?image),
reciprocal
benefits
(doing
something
nice
for
someone
so
that
they
may
one
day
return
the
favor),
and
more
altruistic
reasons
(performing
actions
purely
out
of
empathy
for
another
individual).
Characteristics
of
the
situation
can
also
have
a
powerful
impact
on
whether
or
not
people
engage
in
prosocial
actions.
The
bystander
effect
is
one
of
the
most
notable
examples
of
how
the
situation
can
impact
helping
behaviors.
The
bystander
effect
refers
to
the
tendency
for
people
to
become
less
likely
to
assist
a
person
in
distress
when
there
are
a
number
of
other
people
also
present.
For
example,
if
you
drop
your
purse
and
several
items
fall
out
on
the
ground,
the
likelihood
that
someone
will
stop
and
help
you
decreases
if
there
are
many
other
people
present.
This
same
sort
of
thing
can
happen
in
cases
where
someone
is
in
serious
danger,
such
as
when
someone
is
involved
in
a
car
accident.
In
some
cases,
witnesses
might
assume
that
since
there
are
so
many
other
present,
someone
else
will
have
surely
already
called
for
help.
Why
do
people
help
in
some
situations
but
not
in
others?
Experts
have
discovered
a
number
of
different
situational
variables
that
contribute
to
(and
sometimes
interfere
with)
prosocial
behaviors.
First,
the
more
people
that
are
present
decreases
the
amount
of
personal
responsibility
people
feel
in
a
situation.
People
also
tend
to
look
to
others
for
how
to
respond
in
such
situations,
particularly
if
the
event
contains
some
level
of
ambiguity.
Fear
of
being
judged
by
other
members
of
the
group
also
plays
a
role.
People
sometimes
fear
leaping
to
assistance,
only
to
discover
that
their
help
was
unwanted
or
unwarranted.
In
order
to
avoid
being
judged
by
other
bystanders,
people
simply
take
no
action.
Experts
have
suggested
that
some
key
things
must
happen
in
order
for
a
person
to
take
action.
16.
Prosocial
behaviors
are
motivated
for
all
the
following
reasons
EXCEPT
________.
A.
empathy
for
another
individual
B.
instant
benefits
of
helping
others
C.
parental
influences
in
the
early
life
D.
the
desire
to
better
one's
self?image
17.
What
does
the
underlined
word
“distress”
in
the
fourth
paragraph
mean?
A.
peace
B.
despair
C.
comfort
D.
trouble
18.
Which
situation
can
be
described
as
the
bystander
effect?
A.
When
hearing
an
injured
lady
crying
for
help
the
neighbors
didn't
take
action.
B.
Seeing
an
old
man
slipping
on
the
icy
road,
many
people
volunteered
to
help.
C.
A
woman
was
to
give
birth
on
the
train
and
you
were
the
only
doctor
there.
D.
On
the
scene
of
your
colleague's
traffic
accident,
you
called
the
police
for
help
19.
After
the
last
paragraph,
the
most
possible
topic
could
be
________.
A.
possible
benefits
of
prosocial
behavior
B.
various
reasons
for
prosocial
behavior
C.
situational
influences
on
prosocial
behavior
D.
skills
and
knowledge
to
provide
assistance
【答案】16.
B
17.
D
18.
A
19.
D
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了亲社会行为类型产生的原因以及旁观者效应，并建议我们当别人有困难要及时帮助．
【16题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段Prosocial
behaviors
的原因有：improve
one's
self-imag
out
of
empathy；during
childhood
and
adolescence
as
adults
encourage
children
to
share，即提高自我形象、出于同情、在童年时被父母鼓励，只有B项“帮助他人的即时好处”没有提到。故选B项。
【17题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第四段“The
bystander
effect
refers
to
the
tendency
for
people
to
become
less
likely
to
assist
a
person
in
distress
when
there
are
a
number
of
other
people
also
present.”可知，旁观者效应让很多人不太可能去帮助那些处于困难中的人，所以此处的distress指trouble，故选D项。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。根据四段中“In
some
cases,
witnesses
might
assume
that
since
there
are
so
many
other
present,
someone
else
will
have
surely
already
called
for
help”可知，当目击者认为现场的其他人肯定会帮助的，所以就产生了旁观者效应，只有选项A“当听到一位受伤的女士呼救时，邻居们没有采取行动。”符合。故选A项。
【19题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Experts
have
suggested
that
some
key
things
must
happen
in
order
for
a
person
to
take
action。”可知，专家建议在采取措施前，一些关键的事情必须做，所以下文应该介绍如何帮助人的一些技巧。故选D项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
I
think
the
majority
of
people
would
agree
that
it’s
unhealthy
to
live
in
the
past.
After
all,
we’re
all
familiar
with
the
new
age
philosophy,
“Yesterday
is
history,
tomorrow
is
a
mystery,
but
today
is
a
gift.________20________.
Living
in
the
past
holds
us
back
from
being
able
to
enjoy
the
present
moment.
But
are
there
any
benefits
of
revisiting
a
previous
time?
Actually,
yes.
The
past
has
several
advantages:
Learning
from
our
mistakes:
We
all
know
that
poor
choices
can
be
some
of
life’s
greatest
teachers._____21_____.
___22___:
By
revisiting
an
unfavorable
event
from
our
past,
we
can
often
view
it
from
a
different
perspective
as
time
has
passed.
Being
older
and
wiser,
we
are
now
able
to
reevaluate
the
experience
and
gain
deeper
insights
and
understandings
of
what
happened
and
why,
and
how
it
has
impacted
us
since.
What
once
scarred
us
can
now
be
healed
through
a
newly-found
awareness
and
no
longer
be
a
negative
force
in
our
lives.
Motivated
by
earlier
successes:___23___.
Other
times
life
has
been
difficult.
Remembering
the
past
when
we
were
at
our
best
can
help
motivate
us
out
of
our
current
slump(低谷)
and
put
us
back
on
track
for
success.
Use
your
past
successes
to
propel(推动)
you
on
to
newer
and
greater
things.
While
it’s
evident
that
revisiting
the
past
has
several
advantages,
there
is
a
warning.
Just
like
an
amusement
park,
it’s
fine
to
visit
but
you
cannot
stay
there
forever.
At
some
point,
the
park
closes
and
all
visitors
are
asked
to
leave.
Enjoy
the
past
when
necessary
but
don’t
always
stay
there.
Use
it
for
living
in
the
present
and
planning
for
the
future.____24____.
A.
Moving
beyond
B.
That’s
why
it’s
called
the
present
C.
In
that
way,
it
will
serve
you
well
D.
See
the
mistakes
as
a
step
on
the
road
to
a
solution
E.
There
are
times
when
we
have
all
enjoyed
success
on
a
variety
of
levels
F.
Recalling
times
when
we
made
mistakes
can
help
us
make
better
future
decisions
G.
So,
failure
is
the
mother
of
success
【答案】20.
B
21.
F
22.
A
23.
E
24.
C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了重温过去的几点益处。
【20题详解】
根据上文“but
today
is
a
gift.”
可知，但是今天是礼物，那就是它为什么被称作the
present。today呼应present。故选B。
【21题详解】
根据上文“Learning
from
our
mistakes:
We
all
know
that
poor
choices
can
be
some
of
life’s
greatest
teachers.
”可知，从错误中学习:我们都知道，糟糕的选择可能成为生活中最伟大的老师。选项在说明回顾过去对我们的影响。所以回顾过去我们所犯的错误，对我们将来做出更好的决定有很大的帮助。故选F。
【22题详解】
根据下文“By
revisiting
an
unfavorable
event
from
our
past,
we
can
often
view
it
from
a
different
perspective
as
time
has
passed”这一段主要讲了超越从前，随着时间的推移，我们再次看问题的角度可能和过去会有所不同，所以本段的标题为“超越从前”。故选A。
【23题详解】
根据“Motivated
by
earlier
successes”我们会被早期成功所激励。可知，选项继续补充说明成功。所以有时候我们都在不同的层面上享受成功，successes呼应故success
on
a
variety
of
levels。选E。
【24题详解】
根据上文“Enjoy
the
past
when
necessary
but
don’t
always
stay
there.
Use
it
for
living
in
the
present
and
planning
for
the
future.
”可知，在必要的时候享受过去，但不要总是停留在过去。用它来生活在现在，规划未来。选项要继续说明过去在你的生活中所起的作用。所以它会很好的为你服务。it指代的是
past。故选C。
第三部分
语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Liu
Jia
has
seen
it
all
through
his
"third
eye"—his
drone
(无人机).
"I
love
this____25____,"
the
full-time
drone
operator
says.
Liu,
who
was
born
in
1986,
fell
in
love
with
drones
even
before
they
became____26____in
China.
When
he
worked
as
a
public
servant,
he
spent
his
spare
time____27____his
friends
to
record
weddings
and
traveling
with
a
drone.
Liu____28____his
job
to
devote
himself
to
filming
with
drones
in
2016.
His
work____29____everything
from
commercial
videos
to
mini-films.
Drone
operator
has
become
a
popular
profession
due
to
its
creativity
and____30____workload,____31____since
the
boom
of
internet
advertising,
short
videos
and
automated
agriculture.
More
Chinese____32____are
turning
to
drones
for
sowing,
fertilizing
(施肥)
and
artificial
pollination.
"Agricultural
drones
are
up
to
80
times
more____33____than
manual
laborers,"
says
Zhang
Qiang,
who
works
with
an
agriculture-automation
company.
Drones
using
loudspeakers
to_____34_____people
to
wear
masks
and
spraying
disinfectant
(喷洒消毒剂)
are
no
longer_____35_____to
science
fiction.
They
are
being
used
across
China
during
the
COVID-19
epidemic.
Drone
filming
isn't_____36_____,
though.
Days
of
work
from_____37_____to
editing
are
behind
every
few
minutes
of
video.
He
loves
his
"dream
job",
especially
when
his
friends_____38_____his
works.
Liu's_____39_____was
included
as
one
of
thirteen
new
professions
identified
by
the
Ministry
of
Human
Resources
and
Social
Security.
25.
A.
thrill
B.
fancy
C.
matter
D.
service
26.
A.
popular
B.
obvious
C.
powerful
D.
frequent
27.
A.
stopping
B.
asking
C.
helping
D.
meeting
28.
A.
continued
B.
quit
C.
organized
D.
settled
29.
A.
hides
B.
expresses
C.
explains
D.
covers
30
A.
stressful
B.
relaxed
C.
convenient
D.
excellent
31.
A.
fortunately
B.
eventually
C.
especially
D.
peacefully
32.
A.
teachers
B.
farmers
C.
doctors
D.
scientists
33.
A.
efficient
B.
beautiful
C.
reliable
D.
intelligent
34.
A.
allow
B.
offer
C.
prefer
D.
remind
35.
A.
committed
B.
involved
C.
linked
D.
limited
36.
A.
difficult
B.
terrible
C.
easy
D.
interesting
37.
A.
design
B.
purpose
C.
detail
D.
pattern
38.
A.
borrow
B.
describe
C.
discuss
D.
praise
39.
A.
idea
B.
occupation
C.
change
D.
performance
【答案】25.
A
26.
A
27.
C
28.
B
29.
D
30.
B
31.
C
32.
B
33.
A
34.
D
35.
D
36.
C
37.
A
38.
D
39.
B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了全职无人机操作员刘嘉与无人机的故事。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我喜欢这种刺激，”这位全职无人机操作员说。A.
thrill刺激；B.
fancy想象；C.
matter问题；D.
service服务。由上文的“Liu
Jia
has
seen
it
all
through
his
"third
eye"—his
drone”和下文的“fell
in
love
with
drones”可知，无人机能让刘嘉看到一切，这种刺激与兴奋让刘嘉非常喜欢无人机。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：1986年出生的刘嘉甚至在无人机在中国流行之前就爱上了它。A.
popular流行的；B.
obvious明显的；C.
powerful强有力的；D.
frequent频繁的。由下文的“Drone
operator
has
become
a
popular
profession”可知，无人机在中国越来越受欢迎，此处指无人机在中国受欢迎之前，刘嘉就爱上了它。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他做公务员时，他利用业余时间帮助朋友们录制婚礼和驾驶无人机飞行。A.
stopping停止；B.
asking问；C.
helping帮助；D.
meeting见面。由下文的“his
friends
to
record
weddings”可知，此处指刘嘉利用空余时间用无人机帮他的朋友们记录婚礼。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2016年，刘嘉辞去工作，投身于无人机拍摄。A.
continued继续；B.
quit辞职；C.
organized组织；D.
settled定居。由上文的“the
full-time
drone
operator”可知，刘嘉是一位全职无人机操作员，可得出他在2016年辞去了公务员的工作，投身于无人机拍摄。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的作品涵盖了从商业视频到迷你电影的所有领域。A.
hides躲藏；B.
expresses表达；C.
explains解释；D.
covers覆盖。由下文的“everything
from
commercial
videos
to
mini-films”可知，此处讲刘嘉的工作覆盖范围，从商业视频到迷你电影。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：无人机操作员由于其创造力和轻松的工作负荷而成为一个受欢迎的职业，特别是自从互联网广告、短视频和自动化农业的蓬勃发展以来。A.
stressful压力重的；B.
relaxed放松的；C.
convenient方便的；D.
excellent优秀的。由上文的“Drone
operator
has
become
a
popular
profession”和常识可知，相对于其它工作而言，无人机操作员成为一项受欢迎的职业肯定有它的优势，可得出优势在于自身的创造性和轻松的工作负荷。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：无人机操作员由于其创造力和轻松的工作负荷而成为一个受欢迎的职业，特别是自从互联网广告、短视频和自动化农业的蓬勃发展以来。A.
fortunately幸运地；B.
eventually最后地；C.
especially特别地、尤其地；D.
peacefully和平地。由本处语境可知，此处就无人机操作员成为一项受欢迎的职业，列举出它特别的原因。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：越来越多的中国农民开始使用无人机播种、施肥和人工授粉。A.
teachers教师；B.
farmers农民；C.
doctors医院；D.
scientists科学家。由下文的“sowing,
fertilizing
(施肥)
and
artificial
pollination”可知，前面对应的职业是农民。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一家农业自动化公司工作的张强说：“农业无人机的效率是体力劳动者的80倍。”。A.
efficient有效的；B.
beautiful漂亮的；C.
reliable可靠的；D.
intelligent聪明的。由上文语境可知，越来越多的中国农民开始使用无人机播种、施肥和人工授粉，说明农业无人机的工作效率比人力高。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：无人机用扩音器提醒人们戴口罩和喷洒消毒剂不再局限于科幻小说。A.
allow允许；B.
offer提供；C.
prefer宁愿；D.
remind提醒。由上文的“Drones
using
loudspeakers”可知，此处指无人机使用扩音器来提醒人们戴口罩。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：无人机用扩音器提醒人们戴口罩和喷洒消毒剂不再局限于科幻小说。A.
committed做出；B.
involved卷入；C.
linked联系；D.
limited限制。由上文语境可知，无人机用扩音器提醒人们戴口罩和喷洒消毒剂，这种场景现在已经发生了，不再限制于科幻中。故选D项。
【36题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不过，无人机拍摄并不容易。A.
difficult困难的；B.
terrible可怕的；C.
easy容易的；D.
interesting有趣的。由下文的“Days
of
work
from____13____to
editing
are
behind
every
few
minutes
of
video.”可知，无人机拍摄，每天从设计到剪辑的工作每几分钟就要结束一次，可得出无人机拍摄是不容易的。故选C项。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天从设计到剪辑的工作每几分钟就要结束一次。A.
design设计；B.
purpose目标；C.
detail详细；D.
pattern模式。由上文的“its
creativity”和下文的“editing”可知，无人机工作有其创造性，是需要设计和剪辑的。故选A项。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他喜欢他的“理想工作”，尤其是当他的朋友称赞他的作品时。A.
borrow借来；B.
describe描述；C.
discuss讨论；D.
praise赞扬。由上文的“He
loves
his
"dream
job"”可知，刘嘉喜欢他梦寐以求的工作，尤其是当他的朋友们夸赞他的作品的时候。故选D项。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：刘嘉的职业被人力资源和社会保障部列为确定的13个新职业之一。A.
idea想法；B.
occupation职业；C.
change改变；D.
performance表现。由上文语境可知，上文以全职无人机操作员刘嘉的故事为蓝本，介绍了无人机操作员这个职业。故选B项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
With
a
big
smile
on
her
face,
Gan
Youqin
chats
with
her
followers
in
her
live-stream
every
night,
trying____40____(promote)
sales
of
oranges
from
her
hometown,
a
small
village
in
Guangxi
Zhuang
Autonomous
Region.
She,
together
with
her
teammates,____41____(help)
villagers
sell
nearly
500,000
kilograms
of
oranges
every
week.
The
40-year-old
woman,
who
used
to
be
a
farmer
and
housewife,
is
now
admired
in
her
hometown____42____her
great
success
in
boosting
sales
of
farm
produce.
Gan____43____(know)
as
one
of
the
pioneers
who
shares
country
life
and
promotes
sales
of
related
products
online.
She
was____44____(initial)
encouraged
by
her
nephew,
who
asked
Gan
to
be
the
main
character
in
his
short
videos____45____(feature)
country
life.
As
Gan’s
fame
grew,
they
began
to
sell
fruit
from
their
family
orchard,____46____soon
fell
short
of
demand.
They
then
launched
an
e-commerce
company
selling
various
kinds
of____47____(agriculture)
products
from
all
over
the
region.
Gan’s
company
has
been____48____great
success
and
Gan
has
received
lots
of
awards
for
her_____49_____(achieve).
She
is
now
devoted
to
shooting
videos
and
live-streaming,
but
is
also
planning
to
offer
free
training
to
those
who
love
the
industry.
【答案】40.
to
promote
41.
helps
42.
for
43.
is
known
44.
initially
45.
featuring
46.
which
47.
agricultural
48.
a
49.
achievement(s)
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了40岁的农民和家庭主妇甘有琴通过分享乡村生活并在网上推广相关产品，在促进农产品销售方面取得了巨大成功。文章介绍了她的一些个人情况以及她所取得的成就。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：甘有琴面带微笑，每晚都在直播中与粉丝聊天，努力推销来自广西壮族自治区一个小村庄的橘子。结合句意表示“努力做某事”可知短语为try
to
do
sth.。故填to
promote。
【41题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：她和队友们每周帮助村民们销售近50万公斤橘子。根据后文every
week可知应用一般现在时，且主语后接介词短语together
with
her
teammates时，不影响主语的人称和数，谓语动词应根据主语的人称和数来确定，即谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填helps。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：这位40岁的妇女曾是一名农民和家庭主妇，现在在家乡很受人尊敬，因为她在促进农产品销售方面取得了巨大成功。结合句意表示“因……受人尊敬”可知短语为be
admired
for。故填for。
【43题详解】
考查固定短语和时态。句意：甘被认为是分享乡村生活并在网上推广相关产品的先驱之一。结合句意表示“被认为……”可知短语为be
known
as，结合后文“who
shares
country
life
and
promotes
sales
of
related
products
online”可知应用一般现在时，主语为Gan，谓语动词用单数。故填is
known。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：甘起初是在侄子的鼓励下，让她在他的以乡村生活为主题的短视频中担任主角。修饰动词encourage应用副词initially，作状语。故填initially。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：甘起初是在侄子的鼓励下，让她在他的以乡村生活为主题的短视频中担任主角。分析句子结构可知feature在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语short
videos构成主动关系，故应用现在分词作定语。故填featuring。
【46题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：随着甘的名气越来越大，他们开始出售自家果园里的水果，但很快就供不应求了。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰上文fruit
from
their
family
orchard，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which引导，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
【47题详解】
考查形容词。句意：然后，他们创办了一家电子商务公司，销售来自该地区各地的各种农产品。修饰后文名词product应用形容词agricultural，作定语。故填agricultural。
【48题详解】
考查冠词。句意：甘的公司取得了巨大的成功，她也因此获得了很多奖项。success此处为抽象名词具体化，表示“成功的事物”为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且great是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。
【49题详解】
考查名词。句意：甘的公司取得了巨大的成功，甘的成就让她获得了很多奖项。空处作宾语，表示“成就”应用名词achievement，此处可用单数也可用复数形式。故填achievement(s)。
第四部分
写作
第一节（满分15分）
50.
某国际学校要为2022年在北京和张家口市联合举行的第24届冬季奥林匹克运动会招募志愿者。假定你是该校学生会主席李华，请你用英语写一则招募启事，内容包括：
1．招募目的；
2．要求；
3．加入。
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Volunteers
wanted
We're
looking
for
volunteers
for
the
Winter
Olympic
Games
to
be
held
in
2022.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Volunteers
wanted
We’re
looking
for
volunteers
for
the
Winter
Olympic
Games
to
be
held
in
2022.
The
applicant
is
required
to
have
good
communication
skills,
organization
skills
and
team
spirit.
Having
a
very
good
command
of
English
is
a
must,
which
is
helpful
for
communicating
with
foreigners.
It’s
preferred
if
the
applicant
is
good
at
sports
and
has
relevant
experience.
If
you
are
interested,
please
submit
your
application
at
Room
103
of
the
teaching
building
for
an
interview
by
this
Friday.
Anyone
who
wants
a
chance
to
offer
service
is
welcome.
Looking
forward
to
your
participation.
Students’
Union
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是该校学生会主席李华，请你用英语写一则招募启事,
为2022年在北京和张家口市联合举行的第24届冬季奥林匹克运动会招募志愿者
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1．招募目的；
2．要求；
3．加入。
第二步:列提纲
（重点词组）
Look
for,
have
good
communication
skills,have
a
good
command
of
,relevant,
submit,
look
forward
to
第三步：连词成句（包含关键句，至少3句）
We’re
looking
for
volunteers
for
the
Winter
Olympic
Games
to
be
held
in
2022.
The
applicant
is
required
to
have
good
communication
skills,
organization
skills
and
team
spirit.
Having
a
very
good
command
of
English
is
a
must,
which
is
helpful
for
communicating
with
foreigners.
It’s
preferred
if
the
applicant
is
good
at
sports
and
has
relevant
experience.
If
you
are
interested,
please
submit
your
application
at
Room
103
of
the
teaching
building
for
an
interview
by
this
Friday.
Anyone
who
wants
a
chance
to
offer
service
is
welcome.
Looking
forward
to
your
participation.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）（供参考）
1.表文章结构顺序：First
of
all,
Firstly/First,
Secondly/Second…
And
then,
Finally,
In
the
end,
At
last
2.表并列补充关系：What
is
more,
Besides,
Moreover,
Furthermore,
In
addition
As
well
as,
not
only…but
(also),
including,
3.表转折对比关系：However,
On
the
contrary,
but,
Although+clause(从句),
In
spite
of+n/doing,On
the
one
hand…,On
the
other
hand…
Some…,while
others…,as
for,
so…that…
4.表因果关系：Because,
As,
So,
Thus,
Therefore,
As
a
result
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
【点睛】[高分句型1]
Having
a
very
good
command
of
English
is
a
must,
which
is
helpful
for
communicating
with
foreigners.使用了动名词作主语和which引导定语从句
[高分句型2]
It’s
preferred
if
the
applicant
is
good
at
sports
and
has
relevant
experience.使用了if引导的状语从句
[高分句型3]
Anyone
who
wants
a
chance
to
offer
service
is
welcome.使用了who引导的定语从句
第二节（满分25分）
51.
阅读下面材料,
根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,
使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The
cost
of
a
smile
Kathy
was
a
young
woman
in
her
20’s
who
worked
in
a
small
restaurant
as
a
waitress.
One
day,
as
she
went
about
her
shift
with
her
usual
angry
look,
a
kind
old
man
walked
in
and
sat
down
at
the
counter.
He
read
the
menu
and
politely
told
her
what
he
wanted.
Kathy
took
his
order
and
yelled,
“Your
food
will
be
ready
soon.”
As
she
turned
to
leave,
the
man
said,
“A
smile
costs
nothing”.
Kathy
rolled
her
eyes
at
him
and
walked
away.
She
brought
his
order,
cleared
his
plates,
and
gave
him
the
bill,
for
which
he
left
a
nice
tip.
Each
time
the
old
man
saw
her,
he
smiled
and
thanked
her.
This
only
made
her
angrier.
A
week
went
by,
and
every
day
the
man
came
for
lunch
and
the
same
thing
happened.
And
each
time
Kathy
took
his
order
he
would
say,
“A
smile
costs
nothing.”
But
a
week
later,
Kathy
picked
up
a
menu,
wrote
the
words
“1
SMILE
…
$20"
at
the
bottom,
and
placed
it
on
the
counter
for
the
kind
old
man
to
see.
He
came,
and
Kathy
waited
for
his
reaction
as
he
read
the
menu.
The
old
man
ordered
his
usual
and
added,
“…
and
a
smile,
if
you
don’t
mind”.
Kathy
was
so
surprised.
She
laughed
out
loud,
“Now,
now
…”
The
man
jokingly
scolded.
“I
ordered
a
smile,
not
a
laugh”.
So
Kathy
put
on
a
bright
smile
and
said,
“Coming
right
up,
sir.”
And
to
her
surprise,
he
left
$20
tip!
A
few
years
went
by,
and
the
two
bonded
like
family.
Charlie,
the
kind
old
man,
was
a
retired
manager
whose
wife
passed
away
long
ago.
He
spent
most
of
his
time
at
home,
with
the
exception
of
his
frequent
restaurant
visits.
Every
day
Kathy
spent
her
break
talking
to
him.
注意：
1.
续写词数应为150左右；
2.
请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph
1:
One
day
he
didn’t
come
to
the
restaurant.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph
2:
Several
days
after
the
funeral(葬礼),
Kathy
received
a
very
important-looking
letter
in
the
mail.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One
day
he
didn't
come
to
the
restaurant.
Kathy
couldn't
concentrate
on
her
work
the
whole
day.
Even
when
the
restaurant
was
going
to
close,
Charlie
didn't
show
up,
and
she
was
trapped
in
anxiety.
After
work,
Kathy
hurried
to
Charlie's
home,
only
to
be
told
by
his
neighbors
that
he
had
passed
away
last
night.
Not
until
then
did
she
know
that
he
had
fought
against
cancer
alone
during
the
past
years.
Kathy
couldn't
trust
her
ears
when
she
heard
this.
At
Charlie's
funeral,
the
happy
memories
with
Charlie
kept
flashing
in
her
mind.
Several
days
after
the
funeral,
Kathy
received
a
very
important-looking
letter
in
the
mail.
She
opened
the
letter
with
her
hands
shaking
slightly.
At
the
sight
of
the
familiar
handwriting,
tears
welled
up
in
Kathy's
eyes.
Charlie
expressed
his
gratitude
for
her
company
these
years.
It
suddenly
dawned
on
Kathy
that
with
the
help
of
Charlie,
she
transformed
from
the
previous
angry-looking
waitress
to
a
smiling
girl.
Only
then
did
she
realize
the
true
meaning
of
smile:
bring
others
warmth
and
company.
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇读后续写作文。
【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，文章主要讲述了Kathy是个爱生气的女服务员，某天一位老人来餐馆吃饭，点完菜告诉她“微笑不花钱”，让Kathy更生气了。后来那个人每天都来吃午饭，每次Kathy为他点菜时，他都说：“微笑不用花钱。”到后来Kathy终于露出了微笑。几年过去了，他们也成为了朋友，这位善良的老人名叫Charlie，是一位退休的经理，他的妻子很久以前就去世了。除了经常去餐馆之外，他大部分时间都呆在家里。Kathy每天的休息时间都和他聊天。
续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：有一天他没有来餐厅。所以后文应该是讲述Kathy去Charlie家寻找他，却被告知Charlie昨晚去世了，他过去几年一直独自与癌症作斗争。听到这些，Kathy不敢相信自己的耳朵。在Charlie的葬礼上，和Charlie在一起的美好回忆不断在她脑海中闪现。
第二段开头是：葬礼后几天，Kathy收到一封信，看上去很重要。本段应该写信上的内容，信是Charlie写的，Charlie对她这些年来的陪伴表示感谢。Kathy突然意识到，在Charlie的帮助下，她从以前看起来生气的女服务员变成了一个微笑的女孩。她才意识到微笑的真正含义：给别人带来温暖和陪伴。
续写内容要符合逻辑，本篇主要用一般过去时，还要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右。
【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：concentrate
on；show
up；anxiety；only
to；not
until；dawn
on；well
up等高级词汇；Not
until
then
did
she
know
that
he
had
fought
against
cancer
alone
during
the
past
years.运用了倒装句；She
opened
the
letter
with
her
hands
shaking
slightly.运用with的复合结构等高级句式。青岛实验高中2020-2021学年度第二学期
第三学段质量检测
第一部分
听力
（满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.
What
does
the
woman
offer
to
do
for
the
man?
A.
Look
at
his
X-ray.
B.
Give
him
treatment.
C.
Send
him
to
the
hospital.
2.
How
does
the
woman
feel
about
the
price?
A.
Expensive.
B.
Reasonable.
C.
Cheap.
3.
What
is
the
woman
going
to
do?
A.
Call
Julian
Assange.
B.
Watch
the
news
on
TV.
C.
Get
information
on
the
Internet.
4.
Why
didn’t
the
man
finish
his
science
homework?
A.
He
didn’t
have
enough
time.
B.
He
forgot
it
completely.
C.
He
found
it
difficult.
5.
What
does
the
job
require?
A.
Business
trips
to
Italian.
B.
Excellent
Spanish.
C.
Native
Germans.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6.
What
will
the
man
teach
this
afternoon?
A.
American
history.
B.
English
Grammar.
C.
English
history.
7.
What
time
does
the
conversation
take
place?
A.
At
6:55.
B.
At
7:00.
C.
At
7:05.
听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。
8.
Where
was
the
woman
born?
A.
In
America.
B.
In
France.
C.
In
England.
9.
Who
held
the
art
show?
A.
The
man.
B.
The
man’s
students.
C.
The
man’s
daughter.
10.
What
do
we
know
about
the
man’s
daughter?
A.
She
is
studying
in
London.
B.
She
graduated
from
New
York
University.
C.
She
likes
painting
and
playing
the
piano.
听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。
11.
How
can
parents
prevent
children
from
falling
down
the
stairs?
A.
By
using
mats.
B.
By
fitting
safety
gates.
C.
By
accompanying
them.
12.
Which
place
is
the
most
dangerous
according
to
the
woman?
A.
The
kitchen.
B.
The
bathroom.
C
The
living
room.
13.
What
probably
is
the
man?
A.
A
writer.
B.
A
TV
host.
C.
A
radio
host.
听下面一段对话，回答第14至第16三个小题。
14.
What
can
we
learn
about
the
woman?
A.
She
works
in
Japan.
B.
She
lives
in
the
town.
C.
She
changes
her
jobs
often.
15.
What
did
the
man
plan
to
do
at
first?
A.
Travel
to
Japan.
B.
Start
his
own
business.
C.
Go
abroad
to
study.
16.
Where
does
the
man
work
now?
A.
In
a
shop.
B.
In
a
supermarket.
C.
In
a
restaurant.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17.
Where
was
the
Mary
Celeste
going?
A.
The
USA.
B.
Italy.
C.
England.
18.
What
did
the
ship
look
like
when
found
in
the
eastern
Atlantic?
A.
Badly
damaged.
B.
In
great
danger.
C.
In
good
condition.
19.
What
happened
to
the
ten
people
on
the
ship?
A.
They
were
dead.
B.
They
were
missing.
C.
They
were
injured.
20.
What
does
the
speaker
think
of
the
story
about
the
Mary
Celeste?
A.
Boring.
B.
Understandable.
C.
Mysterious.
第二部分
阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Students,
teachers,
and
local
community
members
are
strongly
encouraged
to
register
online
to
receive
real-time
information
of
emergency
events
from
Columbia
University.
Text
message
warnings
will
only
be
used
in
rare
cases
where
ongoing
events
cause
an
immediate
threat
or
have
a
significant
influence.
Possible
situations
include
severe
weather
conditions,
emergency
campus
closures,
crimes
in
progress
that
may
endanger
the
community,
and
major
transportation
interruptions.
Read
instructions
on
how
to
sign
up
for
emergency
notifications（通知）.
Columbia
students
Columbia
students
can
easily
register
for
text
message
notifications.
Simply
enter
Student
Services
Online,
click
on
"Text
Message
Enrollment"
and
add
your
cellphone
number.
Students
can
register
parents
or
family
members
by
following
the
instructions
for
the
public
below.
Columbia
teachers
Columbia
teachers
can
register
for
text
message
notifications
by
following
the
step
by
step
instructions
below:
●
Register
with
your
UNI
and
password
at
my.columbia.edu.
●
Select
"Faculty
&
Staff"
at
the
top
of
the
page.
●
Select
"Contact
Details".
●
Click
the
"+"
under
"Phone".
●
Select
"Campus
Alert
1".
●
Enter
your
mobile
number.
To
receive
emergency
information
on
additional
mobile
phones,
you
may
follow
the
above
instructions
for
"Campus
Alert
2"
and
"Campus
Alert
3"
for
a
total
of
three.
Community/General
Public
Community/General
Public
interested
in
receiving
emergency
information
from
Columbia
can
sign
up
by
clicking
on
the
"Register"
button
on
the
registration
page
and
entering
their
email
and
mobile
number.
Users
will
receive
confirmation
code（密码）on
their
phone
and
will
need
to
confirm
their
account
via
email.
Users
can
choose
not
to
use
the
Emergency
Text
Alert
System
at
any
time
by
texting
STOP
to
226787,
calling
226789
or
sending
an
email
to
lr27682@.cumc.columbia.edu.
1.
Which
is
a
possible
situation
where
a
text
message
will
be
sent?
A.
The
temperature
will
drop
slightly
tomorrow.
B.
The
campus
will
be
closed
during
Christmas.
C.
The
main
railway
system
of
the
city
is
interrupted.
D.
A
bank
robber
is
being
sentenced
in
the
court
of
the
city.
2.
Which
step
comes
before
the
others
when
teachers
register?
A.
Selecting
Campus
Alert.
B.
Entering
mobile
numbers.
C.
Clicking
"+"
under
"Phone".
D.
Selecting
"Faculty&
Staff".
3.
How
can
users
stop
receiving
text
messages?
A.
By
sending
an
email.
B.
By
texting
STOP
to
226789.
C.
By
managing
information
online.
D.
By
making
a
phone
call
to
226787.
B
Extreme
athletes
have
been
using
wingsuits（翼装）to
fly
for
many
years.
However,
the
pull
of
gravity
makes
it
impossible
to
speed
up
or
fly
higher.
To
push
past
the
limitations,
Peter
Salzmann
teamed
up
with
German
car
maker
BMW.
The
result
is
an
electrified
wingsuit,
which
allows
flyers
to
rise
to
higher
altitudes
at
the
speed
of
up
to
186
miles
per
hour!
The
33-year-old
professional
wingsuit
pilot
first
thought
of
creating
the
design
in
2017,
"At
the
time,
I
was
developing
suits
for
skydiving
with
a
friend,"
he
explains.
"One
evening
after
a
day
of
testing,
we
threw
out
lots
of
ideas
about
how
we
could
improve
performance.
One
of
them
was
a
supporting
motor-and
it's
an
idea
I
just
couldn't
shake
off.
I
found
the
idea
of
being
able
to
jump
from
my
local
mountain
wearing
the
wingsuit
and
land
in
my
garden
exciting."
To
help
with
the
process,
Salzmann
reached
out
to
the
experts
at
BMW's
Designworks
Studio.
It
took
the
team
three
years
and
multiple
test
jumps
to
perfect
the
design.
The
result
is
an
updated
version
of
wingsuit
with
two
5-inch
propellers（螺旋桨）,
Powered
by
a
battery,
the
propellers
can
be
controlled
using
an
on/off
switch
and
even
stopped
mid-flight
using
the
emergency
button,
if
the
flyer
encounters
an
airplane
or
a
flock
of
birds.
On
November
6,
2020,
Salzmann,
wearing
his
hi-tech
suit,
leaped
from
a
helicopter
from
an
altitude
of
10,000
feet
to
soar
around
the
mountain
peaks.
The
expert
pilot
fired
up
the
electric
motors
and
rocketed
forward,
gliding
above
four
mountain
peaks.
The
task
completed,
the
pilot
opened
his
parachute（降落伞）and
gently
landed.
It
is
unclear
if
Salzmann
and
BMW
plan
to
make
the
electrified
wingsuits
available
to
the
general
public.
But,
one
can
always
hope!
4.
What
do
we
know
about
the
new
wingsuit?
A.
It
flies
faster
and
higher.
B
It
breaks
away
from
gravity.
C.
It's
equipped
with
a
car
motor.
D.
It
has
been
used
for
many
years.
5.
What
is
the
second
paragraph
mainly
about?
A.
What
Salzmann's
friend
did
to
help
him.
B.
What
Salzmann
experienced
in
his
career
C.
How
Salzmann
became
a
professional
pilot.
D.
How
Salzmann
came
up
with
the
new
design.
6.
What
can
the
flyer
do
to
deal
with
the
danger
during
the
flight?
A
Press
the
emergency
button.
B.
Reach
out
to
an
expert.
C.
Check
the
propellers.
D.
Open
the
parachute.
7.
What
does
the
underlined
word
"soar"
in
Paragraph
4
probably
mean?
A.
Explore.
B.
Search.
C.
Fly.
D.
Dig.
C
Masks
that
helped
save
lives
are
proving
a
deadly
danger
for
wildlife,
with
birds
and
sea
creatures
trapped
in
the
shocking
number
of
thrown-away
facial
coverings.
Single-use
masks
have
been
found
around
pavements,
waterways
and
beaches
worldwide.
Worn
once,
the
thin
protective
materials
can
take
hundreds
of
years
to
decompose.
“Face
masks
aren't
going
away
any
time
soon—but
when
we
throw
them
away,
these
items
can
harm
the
environment
and
the
animals,”
Ashley
Fruno
of
animal
rights
group
PETA
said.
In
Britain,
a
gull
was
rescued
by
the
RSPCA
after
its
legs
became
tangled
in
the
straps
of
a
mask
for
up
to
a
week.
The
animal
welfare
charity
took
it
to
a
wildlife
hospital
for
treatment
before
its
release.
The
biggest
impact
may
be
in
the
water.
More
than
1.5
billion
masks
made
their
way
into
the
world's
oceans
last
year,
accounting
for
around
6,200
extra
tonnes
of
ocean
plastic
pollution,
according
to
environmental
group
Oceans
Asia.
Conservationists
in
Brazil
found
one
mask
inside
the
stomach
of
a
penguin
after
its
body
was
washed
up
on
a
beach,
while
a
dead
pufferfish
was
discovered
caught
inside
another
off
the
coast
of
Miami.
French
campaigners
found
a
dead
crab
trapped
in
a
mask
near
the
Mediterranean.
Masks
and
gloves
are
“particularly
problematic”
for
sea
creatures,
says
George
Leonard,
chief
scientist
from
NGO
Ocean
Conservancy.
“When
those
plastics
break
down
in
the
environment,
they
then
enter
the
food
chain
and
impact
entire
ecosystems.”
he
added.
There
has
been
a
shift
towards
greater
use
of
reusable
cloth
masks
as
the
pandemic
has
worn
on,
but
many
are
still
using
the
lighter
single-use
varieties.
Campaigners
have
urged
people
to
bin
them
properly
and
cut
the
straps
to
reduce
the
risk
of
animals
becoming
trapped.
Oceans
Asia
has
also
called
on
governments
to
increase
fines
for
littering
and
encourage
the
use
of
washable
masks.
8.
What's
Paragraph
1
mainly
about?
A.
The
problem
of
littering
masks.
B.
The
long
time
to
break
down
masks.
C.
The
threat
of
masks
to
wildlife.
D.
The
protective
use
of
masks
to
people.
9.
What
did
the
animal
welfare
charity
do
to
the
gull?
A.
They
gave
first
aid
to
the
bird.
B.
They
released
the
bird
at
once.
C.
They
kept
the
bird
for
about
a
week.
D.
They
sent
the
bird
to
hospital.
10.
How
is
Paragraph
4
developed?
A.
By
providing
examples.
B.
By
giving
explanations.
C.
By
making
comparisons.
D.
By
analyzing
causes.
11.
Which
measure
has
been
taken
to
help
solve
the
problem?
A.
Forbidding
the
use
of
single-use
masks.
B.
Wearing
reusable
cloth
masks.
C.
Cutting
the
masks
up
before
throwing.
D.
Increasing
fines
for
binning
masks.
D
Like
infectious
diseases,
ideas
in
the
academic
world
are
epidemic
(传染的).
But
why
some
travel
far
and
wide
while
equally
good
ones
has
been
a
mystery?
Now
a
team
of
computer
scientists
has
used
an
epidemiological
model
to
simulate
(模仿)
how
ideas
move
from
one
academic
institution
to
another.
The
model
showed
that
ideas
originating
at
famous
institutions
caused
bigger
“epidemics”
than
equally
good
ideas
from
less
famous
places,
explains
Allison
Morgan,
a
computer
scientist
at
the
University
of
Colorado
Boulder.
“This
implies
that
where
an
idea
is
born
shapes
how
far
it
spreads,”
says
senior
author
Aaron
Clauset.
Not
only
is
this
unfair—
“it
reveals
a
big
weakness
in
how
we’re
doing
science,”
says
Simon
DeDeo,
a
professor
of
social
and
decision
sciences
at
Carnegie
Mellon
university,
who
was
not
involved
in
the
study.
“There
are
many
highly
trained
people
with
good
ideas
who
do
not
end
up
at
top
institutions.
They
are
producing
good
ideas,
and
we
know
those
ideas
are
getting
lost,”
DeDeo
says.
“Our
science,
our
scholarships,
is
not
as
good
because
of
this.”
The
Colorado
researchers
first
looked
at
how
five
big
ideas
in
computer
science
spread
to
new
institutions.
They
found
that
hiring
a
new
faculty
member
accounted
for
this
movement
a
little
more
than
a
third
of
the
time--and
in
81
percent
of
those
cases,
transmissions
took
place
from
higher
–
to
lower-prestige
(声望)
universities.
Then
the
team
simulated
the
spread
of
ideas
using
an
infectious
disease
model
and
found
that
the
size
of
an
idea
“epidemic”
depended
on
the
prestige
of
the
originating
institution.
The
researchers’
model
suggests
that
there
“may
be
a
number
of
quite
good
ideas
that
originate
in
the
middle
of
the
pack,
in
terms
of
universities.”
Clauset
says.
There
is
a
lot
of
good
work
coming
out
of
less
famous
places.
he
says:
“You
can
learn
a
huge
amount
from
it,
and
you
can
learn
things
that
other
people
don’t
know
because
they’re
not
even
paying
attention.”
12.
How
did
the
scientists
carry
out
their
research?
A.
By
making
use
of
a
model.
B.
By
analyzing
previous
data.
C.
By
comparing
different
results.
D.
By
interviewing
different
people.
13.
According
to
Simon
DeDeo,
What
can
we
infer
in
Paragraph
3?
A.
All
the
people
with
higher
education
have
good
ideas.
B.
Some
scholarships
aren’t
given
to
the
right
people.
C.
Most
good
ideas
come
from
not-so-great
institutions.
D.
People
with
higher
education
should
work
in
top
institutions.
14.
What
is
the
fourth
paragraph
mainly
about?
A.
The
causes
of
the
results.
B.
The
importance
of
the
research.
C.
The
findings
of
the
research.
D.
The
characteristics
of
big
ideas.
15.
What
may
be
the
best
title
for
the
passage?
A.
Spread
good
ideas
as
far
as
possible.
B.
Best
ideas
come
from
top
institutions.
C.
Save
good
ideas
from
less
famous
places.
D.
Ideas
from
top
institutions
travel
farther.
D
Prosocial
behaviors
are
those
intended
to
help
other
people.
Behaviors
that
can
be
described
as
prosocial
include
feeling
empathy(同感)
and
concern
for
others
and
behaving
in
ways
to
help
or
benefit
other
people.
Prosocial
behavior
has
long
posed
a
challenge
to
social
scientists
seeking
to
understand
why
people
engage
in
helping
behaviors
that
are
beneficial
to
others,
but
costly
to
the
individual
performing
the
action.
Why
would
people
do
something
that
benefits
someone
else
but
offers
no
immediate
benefit
to
the
doer?
Psychologists
suggest
that
there
are
a
number
of
reasons
why
people
engage
in
prosocial
behavior.
In
many
cases,
such
behaviors
are
fostered
during
childhood
and
adolescence
as
adults
encourage
children
to
share,
act
kindly,
and
help
others.
Prosocial
behaviors
are
often
seen
as
being
compelled
by
a
number
of
factors
including
egoistic
reasons
(doing
things
to
improve
one's
self?image),
reciprocal
benefits
(doing
something
nice
for
someone
so
that
they
may
one
day
return
the
favor),
and
more
altruistic
reasons
(performing
actions
purely
out
of
empathy
for
another
individual).
Characteristics
of
the
situation
can
also
have
a
powerful
impact
on
whether
or
not
people
engage
in
prosocial
actions.
The
bystander
effect
is
one
of
the
most
notable
examples
of
how
the
situation
can
impact
helping
behaviors.
The
bystander
effect
refers
to
the
tendency
for
people
to
become
less
likely
to
assist
a
person
in
distress
when
there
are
a
number
of
other
people
also
present.
For
example,
if
you
drop
your
purse
and
several
items
fall
out
on
the
ground,
the
likelihood
that
someone
will
stop
and
help
you
decreases
if
there
are
many
other
people
present.
This
same
sort
of
thing
can
happen
in
cases
where
someone
is
in
serious
danger,
such
as
when
someone
is
involved
in
a
car
accident.
In
some
cases,
witnesses
might
assume
that
since
there
are
so
many
other
present,
someone
else
will
have
surely
already
called
for
help.
Why
do
people
help
in
some
situations
but
not
in
others?
Experts
have
discovered
a
number
of
different
situational
variables
that
contribute
to
(and
sometimes
interfere
with)
prosocial
behaviors.
First,
the
more
people
that
are
present
decreases
the
amount
of
personal
responsibility
people
feel
in
a
situation.
People
also
tend
to
look
to
others
for
how
to
respond
in
such
situations,
particularly
if
the
event
contains
some
level
of
ambiguity.
Fear
of
being
judged
by
other
members
of
the
group
also
plays
a
role.
People
sometimes
fear
leaping
to
assistance,
only
to
discover
that
their
help
was
unwanted
or
unwarranted.
In
order
to
avoid
being
judged
by
other
bystanders,
people
simply
take
no
action.
Experts
have
suggested
that
some
key
things
must
happen
in
order
for
a
person
to
take
action.
16.
Prosocial
behaviors
are
motivated
for
all
the
following
reasons
EXCEPT
________.
A.
empathy
for
another
individual
B.
instant
benefits
of
helping
others
C
parental
influences
in
the
early
life
D.
the
desire
to
better
one's
self?image
17.
What
does
the
underlined
word
“distress”
in
the
fourth
paragraph
mean?
A.
peace
B.
despair
C.
comfort
D.
trouble
18.
Which
situation
can
be
described
as
the
bystander
effect?
A.
When
hearing
an
injured
lady
crying
for
help,
the
neighbors
didn't
take
action.
B.
Seeing
an
old
man
slipping
on
the
icy
road,
many
people
volunteered
to
help.
C.
A
woman
was
to
give
birth
on
the
train
and
you
were
the
only
doctor
there.
D.
On
the
scene
of
your
colleague's
traffic
accident,
you
called
the
police
for
help
19.
After
the
last
paragraph,
the
most
possible
topic
could
be
________.
A.
possible
benefits
of
prosocial
behavior
B.
various
reasons
for
prosocial
behavior
C.
situational
influences
on
prosocial
behavior
D.
skills
and
knowledge
to
provide
assistance
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
I
think
the
majority
of
people
would
agree
that
it’s
unhealthy
to
live
in
the
past.
After
all,
we’re
all
familiar
with
the
new
age
philosophy,
“Yesterday
is
history,
tomorrow
is
a
mystery,
but
today
is
a
gift.________20________.
Living
in
the
past
holds
us
back
from
being
able
to
enjoy
the
present
moment.
But
are
there
any
benefits
of
revisiting
a
previous
time?
Actually,
yes.
The
past
has
several
advantages:
Learning
from
our
mistakes:
We
all
know
that
poor
choices
can
be
some
of
life’s
greatest
teachers._____21_____.
___22___:
By
revisiting
an
unfavorable
event
from
our
past,
we
can
often
view
it
from
a
different
perspective
as
time
has
passed.
Being
older
and
wiser,
we
are
now
able
to
reevaluate
the
experience
and
gain
deeper
insights
and
understandings
of
what
happened
and
why,
and
how
it
has
impacted
us
since.
What
once
scarred
us
can
now
be
healed
through
a
newly-found
awareness
and
no
longer
be
a
negative
force
in
our
lives.
Motivated
by
earlier
successes:___23___.
Other
times
life
has
been
difficult.
Remembering
the
past
when
we
were
at
our
best
can
help
motivate
us
out
of
our
current
slump(低谷)
and
put
us
back
on
track
for
success.
Use
your
past
successes
to
propel(推动)
you
on
to
newer
and
greater
things.
While
it’s
evident
that
revisiting
the
past
has
several
advantages,
there
is
a
warning.
Just
like
an
amusement
park,
it’s
fine
to
visit
but
you
cannot
stay
there
forever.
At
some
point,
the
park
closes
and
all
visitors
are
asked
to
leave.
Enjoy
the
past
when
necessary
but
don’t
always
stay
there.
Use
it
for
living
in
the
present
and
planning
for
the
future.____24____.
A.
Moving
beyond
B.
That’s
why
it’s
called
the
present
C.
In
that
way,
it
will
serve
you
well
D.
See
the
mistakes
as
a
step
on
the
road
to
a
solution
E.
There
are
times
when
we
have
all
enjoyed
success
on
a
variety
of
levels
F.
Recalling
times
when
we
made
mistakes
can
help
us
make
better
future
decisions
G.
So,
failure
is
the
mother
of
success
第三部分
语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Liu
Jia
has
seen
it
all
through
his
"third
eye"—his
drone
(无人机).
"I
love
this____25____,"
the
full-time
drone
operator
says.
Liu,
who
was
born
in
1986,
fell
in
love
with
drones
even
before
they
became____26____in
China.
When
he
worked
as
a
public
servant,
he
spent
his
spare
time____27____his
friends
to
record
weddings
and
traveling
with
a
drone.
Liu____28____his
job
to
devote
himself
to
filming
with
drones
in
2016.
His
work____29____everything
from
commercial
videos
to
mini-films.
Drone
operator
has
become
a
popular
profession
due
to
its
creativity
and____30____workload,____31____since
the
boom
of
internet
advertising,
short
videos
and
automated
agriculture.
More
Chinese____32____are
turning
to
drones
for
sowing,
fertilizing
(施肥)
and
artificial
pollination.
"Agricultural
drones
are
up
to
80
times
more____33____than
manual
laborers,"
says
Zhang
Qiang,
who
works
with
an
agriculture-automation
company.
Drones
using
loudspeakers
to_____34_____people
to
wear
masks
and
spraying
disinfectant
(喷洒消毒剂)
are
no
longer_____35_____to
science
fiction.
They
are
being
used
across
China
during
the
COVID-19
epidemic.
Drone
filming
isn't_____36_____,
though.
Days
of
work
from_____37_____to
editing
are
behind
every
few
minutes
of
video.
He
loves
his
"dream
job",
especially
when
his
friends_____38_____his
works.
Liu's_____39_____was
included
as
one
of
thirteen
new
professions
identified
by
the
Ministry
of
Human
Resources
and
Social
Security.
25.
A.
thrill
B.
fancy
C.
matter
D.
service
26.
A.
popular
B.
obvious
C.
powerful
D.
frequent
27.
A.
stopping
B.
asking
C.
helping
D.
meeting
28.
A.
continued
B.
quit
C.
organized
D.
settled
29.
A.
hides
B.
expresses
C.
explains
D.
covers
30.
A.
stressful
B.
relaxed
C.
convenient
D.
excellent
31.
A.
fortunately
B.
eventually
C.
especially
D.
peacefully
32.
A.
teachers
B.
farmers
C.
doctors
D.
scientists
33.
A.
efficient
B.
beautiful
C.
reliable
D.
intelligent
34.
A.
allow
B.
offer
C.
prefer
D.
remind
35.
A.
committed
B.
involved
C.
linked
D.
limited
36.
A.
difficult
B.
terrible
C.
easy
D.
interesting
37.
A.
design
B.
purpose
C.
detail
D.
pattern
38.
A.
borrow
B.
describe
C.
discuss
D.
praise
39.
A.
idea
B.
occupation
C.
change
D.
performance
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
With
a
big
smile
on
her
face,
Gan
Youqin
chats
with
her
followers
in
her
live-stream
every
night,
trying____40____(promote)
sales
of
oranges
from
her
hometown,
a
small
village
in
Guangxi
Zhuang
Autonomous
Region.
She,
together
with
her
teammates,____41____(help)
villagers
sell
nearly
500,000
kilograms
of
oranges
every
week.
The
40-year-old
woman,
who
used
to
be
a
farmer
and
housewife,
is
now
admired
in
her
hometown____42____her
great
success
in
boosting
sales
of
farm
produce.
Gan____43____(know)
as
one
of
the
pioneers
who
shares
country
life
and
promotes
sales
of
related
products
online.
She
was____44____(initial)
encouraged
by
her
nephew,
who
asked
Gan
to
be
the
main
character
in
his
short
videos____45____(feature)
country
life.
As
Gan’s
fame
grew,
they
began
to
sell
fruit
from
their
family
orchard,____46____soon
fell
short
of
demand.
They
then
launched
an
e-commerce
company
selling
various
kinds
of____47____(agriculture)
products
from
all
over
the
region.
Gan’s
company
has
been____48____great
success
and
Gan
has
received
lots
of
awards
for
her_____49_____(achieve).
She
is
now
devoted
to
shooting
videos
and
live-streaming,
but
is
also
planning
to
offer
free
training
to
those
who
love
the
industry.
第四部分
写作
第一节（满分15分）
50.
某国际学校要为2022年在北京和张家口市联合举行的第24届冬季奥林匹克运动会招募志愿者。假定你是该校学生会主席李华，请你用英语写一则招募启事，内容包括：
1．招募目的；
2．要求；
3．加入。
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Volunteers
wanted
We're
looking
for
volunteers
for
the
Winter
Olympic
Games
to
be
held
in
2022.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
51.
阅读下面材料,
根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,
使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The
cost
of
a
smile
Kathy
was
a
young
woman
in
her
20’s
who
worked
in
a
small
restaurant
as
a
waitress.
One
day,
as
she
went
about
her
shift
with
her
usual
angry
look,
a
kind
old
man
walked
in
and
sat
down
at
the
counter.
He
read
the
menu
and
politely
told
her
what
he
wanted.
Kathy
took
his
order
and
yelled,
“Your
food
will
be
ready
soon.”
As
she
turned
to
leave,
the
man
said,
“A
smile
costs
nothing”.
Kathy
rolled
her
eyes
at
him
and
walked
away.
She
brought
his
order
cleared
his
plates,
and
gave
him
the
bill,
for
which
he
left
a
nice
tip.
Each
time
the
old
man
saw
her,
he
smiled
and
thanked
her.
This
only
made
her
angrier.
A
week
went
by,
and
every
day
the
man
came
for
lunch
and
the
same
thing
happened.
And
each
time
Kathy
took
his
order
he
would
say,
“A
smile
costs
nothing.”
But
a
week
later,
Kathy
picked
up
a
menu,
wrote
the
words
“1
SMILE
…
$20"
at
the
bottom,
and
placed
it
on
the
counter
for
the
kind
old
man
to
see.
He
came,
and
Kathy
waited
for
his
reaction
as
he
read
the
menu.
The
old
man
ordered
his
usual
and
added,
“…
and
a
smile,
if
you
don’t
mind”.
Kathy
was
so
surprised.
She
laughed
out
loud,
“Now,
now
…”
The
man
jokingly
scolded.
“I
ordered
a
smile,
not
a
laugh”.
So
Kathy
put
on
a
bright
smile
and
said,
“Coming
right
up,
sir.”
And
to
her
surprise,
he
left
$20
tip!
A
few
years
went
by,
and
the
two
bonded
like
family.
Charlie,
the
kind
old
man,
was
a
retired
manager
whose
wife
passed
away
long
ago.
He
spent
most
of
his
time
at
home,
with
the
exception
of
his
frequent
restaurant
visits.
Every
day
Kathy
spent
her
break
talking
to
him.
注意：
1.
续写词数应为150左右；
2.
请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph
1:
One
day
he
didn’t
come
to
the
restaurant.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph
2:
Several
days
after
the
funeral(葬礼),
Kathy
received
a
very
important-looking
letter
in
the
mail.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
