初中英语词性转换:3大词性转换汇总

初中英语词性转换：3大词性转换汇总
01
名词 ? 形容词
A
名词+y
rain - rainy
cloud - cloudy
wind - windy
snow - snowy
health - healthy
luck - lucky
anger - angry
guilt - guilty
tourist - touristy
salt - salty
silk - silky
sleep - sleepy
注意：
1）如果以重读闭音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音字母，这时应双写辅音字母再加 -y。
如：sun - sunny, fun - funny, fog - foggy, fur - furry
2）少数以不发音的e结尾的名词变为形容词时，应去掉e再加 -y。
如：noise - noisy, ice - icy, shine - shiny, taste - tasty
B
名词+ed
spot - spotted
talent - talented
organize - organized
balance - balanced
C
名词+ful
care - careful
thank - thankful
help - helpful
use - useful
meaning - meaningful
D
名词+less
care - careless
use - useless
hope - hopeless
home - homeless
E
-ce改为-t
difference - different
silence - silent
confidence - confident
F
名词+ly
friend - friendly
love - lovely
live - lively
G
名词+ous
danger - dangerous
H
名词+al
music - musical
medicine - medical
I
名词+able
adjust - adjustable
value - valuable
J
名词+en
wood - wooden
wool - woolen
K
名词+ese, ish, n（国籍）
China - Chinese
Japan - Japanese
England - English
America - American
India - Indian
Australia - Australian
Canada - Canadian
02
动词 ? 名词
A
词形不变，词性改变
work
study
water
plant
B
动词+er, or
work - worker
teach - teacher
sing - singer
jump - jumper
play - player
learn - learner
visit - visitor
invent - inventor
collect - collector
注意：
1)以不发音的e结尾的动词，在词尾加-r.
例如：drive - driver, write - writer等。
2)以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-er 例如：run - runner, win - winner, begin - beginner等。
C
动词+ment
achieve - achievement
advertise - advertisement
agree - agreement
disgree - disagreement
amuse - amusement
improve - improvement
commit - commitment
develop - development
depart - department
govern - government
manage - management
equip - equipment
argue - argument
D
动词+ion/ tion/ sion
attract - attraction
instruct - instruction
invent - invention
discuss - discussion
express - expression
educate - education
graduate - graduation
operate - operation
compete - competition
organize - organization
decide - decision
conclude - conclusion
describe - description
E
动词+ance
appear - appearance
perform - performance
accept - acceptance
F
动词+ing
meet - meeting
build - building
wait - waiting
bathe - bathing
say - saying
mean - meaning
end - ending
train - training
wash - washing
注意：
以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ing
如：swim - swimming, shop - shopping, begin - beginning
G
特殊情况
beg - beggar
behave - behavior
know - knowledge
fly - flight
mix - mixture
press - pressure
sit - seat
succeed - success
tour - tourist
03
动词 ? 形容词
A
动词+able
afford－affordable
love－lovable
B
动词+ing/ ed
加ing，表示的是事物的一个特征，可以翻译为“令人……的”；加ed，表示事物受到特定刺激后的一种感受，可以翻译为“感到……的”“受到……的”。
amaze: v. 使大为惊奇
amazing: adj. 令人惊诧的，惊人的；令人惊喜的
amazed: adj. 十分惊奇的，惊愕的
annoy: v. 烦扰，打搅，使烦恼
annoying: adj. 讨厌的，恼人的
annoyed: 生气的，烦恼的
astonish: v. 使吃惊；使惊讶
astonishing: adj. 令人惊讶的；惊人的
astonished: adj. 感到震惊的；觉得惊骇的
confuse: v. 使困惑，使糊涂；使混乱
confusing: adj. 令人困惑的
confused: adj. 感到困惑的
convince: v. 使某人信服;
convincing: adj. 令人信服的
convinced: adj. 感到信服的
delight: v. 使某人高兴;
delighting(delightful): adj. 愉快的；吸引人的；有趣的
delighted: 感到高兴的
depress: v. 使忧郁，使沮丧
depressing: adj. 令人低落(沮丧)的
depressed: 感到沮丧的
disappoint: v. 使某人失望;
disappointing: adj. 令人失望的
disappointed: adj. 感到失望的
discourage: v. 使某人泄气;
discouraging: adj. 令人泄气的;
discouraged: adj. 感到泄气的
disgust: v. 使人厌恶;
disgusting: adj. 令人厌恶的
disgusted: adj. 反感的，厌恶的，憎恶的
embarrass: v. 使人尴尬;
embarrassing: adj. 令人尴尬的
embarrassed: adj. 感到尴尬的
encourage: v. 使有勇气;
encouraging: adj. 令人鼓舞的
encouraged: adj. 感到鼓舞的