中考英语名词专题复习课件(共23张PPT)

(共23张PPT)
Review
food
meat
bread
bananas
red
wine
strawberries
hamburger
.
可数名词
表示个别的人、事物、地点等专有的名称。专有名词第一个字母要大写
eg:
Beijing
Lily
the
Summer
Palace
分为可数名词和不可数名词
专有名词
普通名词
可数名词
可以计数，
前面可有数词，
有单复数形式
一.可数名词的单数形式
一般可用a来修饰,在元音发音开头的单词前用an
eg:
﹙
﹚useful
book
﹙
﹚computer
﹙
﹚interesting
film
1.
There
is
（
）“U”
and
（
）“F”
in
the
word
“useful”.
﹙
﹚orange
a
an
an
a
an
a
flowers
watches
knives
pianos
computers
二.可数名词复数形式的构成规则
(1)
一般在单数名词后加“s”/s/or/z
(2)
以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词“es”/iz/
book
–
books
pencil
–
pencils
dog
–
dogs
house
–
houses
buses
boxes
watches
brushes
(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加“es”
/iz/
注意：如果是元音字母加y
结尾的名词则只须加“s”
monkey
–
monkeys
boy
–
boys
key
–
keys
country
–
countries
factory
–
factories
city–
cities
family–families
(4)
以f、fe
结尾的名词,变f、fe
为v再加“es”
/vz/
half
–
halves
shelf
–
shelves
knife
–
knives
leaf
–
leaves
wolf
–
wolves
wife
–
wives
thief
–
thieves
妻子持刀去宰狼
小偷吓得发了慌
躲在架后保己命
半片树叶遮目光
记忆口诀：
记忆口诀：英雄爱吃西红柿和马铃薯
只有
potato
tomato
hero加“es”构成复数
potato
–
potatoes
tomato
–
tomatoes
hero
–
heroes
(5)
以o结尾的名词加“s”
/z/
radio
–
radios
zoo
–
zoos
photo
–
photos
piano
–
pianos
记忆口诀:
名词单数变复数，直接加-s占多数
s,x,sh,
ch来结尾，直接加上es
词尾是f或fe,加-s前先变ve
辅音字母加y结尾，先变y为i,再加-es
(2)变元音字母oo为ee
tooth
–
teeth
goose
–
geese
三.特殊变化的单词
Chinese
–
Chinese
(1)单复数同形
Japanese
–
Japanese
sheep
–
sheep
deer–deer
foot
–
feet
fish
–
fish
记忆口诀：中日不变，英法变，其余s
跟后面
请注意：German(德国人)
–Germans
American
﹙美国人﹚—
Americans
3.变元音字母a为
e
man
–
men
woman
–
women
policeman
–
policemen
Englishman
–
Englishmen
Frenchman
–
Frenchmen
a
woman
teacher–women
teachers
a
man
doctor–men
doctors
(2)
man,woman
构成的合成词，每个名词都要变成复数
girlfriend
–
girlfriends
grandchild
–
grandchildren
(1)将中心词变为复数
5.一些合成名词的复数构成分两种情况
4.
其他形式
child
–
children
mouse
–
mice
不可数名词:
1.不可以计数，
前面不可以有冠词a
/an和数词，
没有复数形式
eg.
a
water
some
foods
a
money
three
moneys
(×
)
(×
)
(×
)
(×
)
不可数名词如果要表示可数必须与量词连用
常用词有：
a
piece
of
一张/
块/
则
a
bottle
of
一瓶
a
cup
of
一杯
a
glass
of
一玻璃杯
物质名词和抽象名词属于不可数名词如:
water，rice,
meat
等。
Ex:
1.一杯牛奶
2.两瓶橙汁
3.三则新闻
4.四张纸
5.五块面包
a
cup
of
milk
two
bottles
of
orange
three
pieces
of
news
four
pieces
of
paper
five
pieces
of
bread
2.不可数名词无复数形式，作主语时常看成单数，
谓语动词也要用单数。
Some
bread
is
over
there.
No
news
is
good
news.
eg:
4.有些可数名词或不可数名词在一定情
况下可相互转化，同一个词，但意思不同
(1)
glass(玻璃)–
a
glass(玻璃杯)
paper(纸)
–
a
paper(报纸)
work(工作)
–
a
work(著作)
room(空间)
–
a
room(房间)
(2)
fruit(水果)
–
fruits
(各种水果)
fish(鱼)
–
fishes(各种鱼)
hair(所有头发)
–
hairs
(几根头发)
time(时间)
–
times(时代)
Work
alone
1.Mrs
Jenny
gave
us
—
how
to
learn
English
well.
some
advices
B.a
little
advices
C.some
advice
D.an
advices
2.
Trees
—always
green
in
the
South.
A.
is
B.
are
C.
will
be
D.were
3.---Would
you
like
some
—
?
---Yes,just
a
little.
A
.pears
B.oranges
C.
sugar
D.apples
4.These
—
want
to
have
some
—
for
lunch,
so
they
decide
to
catch
many
—
.
A.Germans,fish
,fish
B.Germans,fishes
,fish
C.Germen,fish
,fishes
D.Germanies,fish,fishes
5.
There
—
lots
of
bread
on
the
table.
A.
is
B.
are
C.
were
D.be
?
C
B
C
A
A
6.
How
many
—
are
there
in
the
international
village.
A.Chinese
B.
Russian
C.
American
D.Frenchmans
7.
Many
—
are
playing
in
the
park.
A.
children
B.
childs
C.
boy
D.peoples
8.
The
meat
—not
good
.
But
the
news
—
interesting.
A.
is
,
are
B.
are
,is
C.
is
,
is
D.
are,
are
9.
I
can
see
many
—
on
the
hill
.
A.
sheeps
B.
cow
C.
sheepes
D.sheep
10.
He
goes
to
school
—
every
day.
A.
on
feet
B.
on
foot
C.
by
foot
D.
by
a
car
A
A
C
D
B