2020-2021学年新北师大版高中英语必修2：Unit5
Humans
and
Nature
重点词汇梳理
Topic
talk
1．hurricane
n． 飓风
2．landslide
n.
滑坡；塌方
3．volcanic
adj.
火山的；由火山作用引起的
4．eruption
n.
爆发
5．wildlife
n.
野生动植物；野生生物
6．comment
n.
评论；意见
7．crowded
adj.
拥挤的；挤满人的
8．landscape
n.
风景；景色
9．living
adj.
活的；活着的
10．weed
n.
野草；海藻
11．deer
n.
鹿
12．insect
n.
昆虫
13．whale
n.
鲸
14．dolphin
n.
海豚
15．kangaroo
n.
袋鼠
16．climate
n.
气候
17．ecology
n.
生态；生态学
18．shock
vt.
使震惊；使难以置信
19．lecture
n.
讲座；讲课；演讲
20．overuse
vt.
过度使用；滥用
21．million
n.
百万
22．greenhouse
n.
温室，暖房
23．turn
one’s
back
(on
sb/sth)
对(某人/某事)置之不理，对(某人/某事)撒手不管
24．title
n.
题目，标题
重点词汇讲解
1．flood
n．洪水，水灾
vt.&
vi.淹没；(洪水般地)涌进；涌出(教材P28)
[合作探究]
The
River
Nile
used
to
be
in
flood
regularly
every
year.
尼罗河以前每年都定期泛滥。
There
was
a
flood
of
complaints
about
the
bad
language
after
the
show.
演出结束后，人们对其语言之拙劣议论纷纷。
After
the
news
was
broadcast，telephone
calls
came
flooding
in
from
all
over
the
country.消息播出后，全国各地的电话像潮水般打来。
The
market
in
the
area
is
often
flooded
with
cheap
or
false
goods.
这个地区的市场常充满廉价或假冒的商品。
[自主发现]
①in
flood 在泛滥
②a
flood
of
大量的
③flood...with．..
使……充满(常用被动语态)
④flood
in/into
大量涌入(某处)
[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/翻译句子
①The
golden
sunlight
into
my
room.
②Japanese
companies
were
accused
of
the
market
with
cheap
steel.
③大雨过后河水泛滥了。
The
river
was
after
the
heavy
rain.
④每年，大批的农民到达深圳找工作。
Every
year
farmers
arrive
in
Shenzhen
for
jobs.
flooded
flooding
in
flood
a
flood
of
2．comment
n．评论；意见
vi.&
vt.表达意见；评论
(教材P28)
[合作探究] 体会comment的用法和意义
I
won’t
comment
on
this
matter.我对此事不予置评。
He
commented
that
it
was
an
excellent
film.
他评论说这部电影很精彩。
He
made/give
a
comment
on/about
my
performance.
他对我的表现进行了点评。
[自主发现]
①comment
on/about 对……评论
②comment
that__．..
评论说……
③make/give
comments
on/about
sth
评论某事
[词块积累]
no
comment 无可奉告
[巩固内化]
完成句子/同义句转换
①I
refuse
to
his
work．
我拒绝对他的工作发表评论。
②He
refused
to
comment
on
personal
affairs
of
others.
→He
refused
to
personal
affairs
of
others.
comment/make(give)
comments
on/about
make
comments
on/about
3．crowded
adj.拥挤的；挤满人的
crowd
n．人群；大众；一伙；一堆
vt.&
vi.挤；把……塞进
Actually,
the
whole
city
is
quite
crowded.(教材P28)
事实上，整个城市都很拥挤。
[合作探究] 体会crowd及其派生词的用法和意义
The
great
hall
was
crowded
with
audience
that
day.
那天大厅里挤满了听众。
I
crowded
(myself)
into
the
crowd
to
see
the
famous
star.
我挤进人群去看那位明星。
They
noticed
a
crowd
of/crowds
of
people
shouting
and
cheering.
他们看到一大群人在喊叫欢呼。
[自主发现]
①be
crowded
__with
... 挤满，拥塞
②crowd...into
把……挤进
③a
crowd
of＝crowds
of
一群，一堆，许多
[词块积累]
the
crowd 人群，观众，群众
[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/同义句转换
①The
shop
was
crowded
people.
②All
the
passengers
crowded
a
bus.
③In
spring
the
place
was
(crowd)
with
skiers.
④He
prefers
to
be
one
of
the
(crowd)．
⑤
(crowd)
of
people
poured
out
into
the
street.
⑥We
have
a
very
(crowd)
schedule.
⑦The
crowd
crowded
into
the
stadium.
→The
stadium
audience.
with
into
crowded
crowd
Crowds
crowded
was
crowded
with
4．shock
vt.使震惊；使难以置信
shocked
adj.震惊的；震撼的 shocking
adj.令人惊愕的
The
two
students
were
shocked
at
the
lecture
on
nature.
(教材P29)
这两个学生对关于自然的讲座感到震惊。
[合作探究] 体会shock的用法和意义
It
shocks
you
when
something
like
that
happens.
发生那样的事情，你会觉得难以置信。
The
news
was
a
great
shock
to
her.这个消息使她大为震惊。
They
were
shocked
when
they
saw
the
Norwegian
flag.
当他们看到挪威国旗时，感到非常震惊。
The
public
were
shocked
by/at
this
plane
crash.公众被这起飞机失事震惊了。
[自主发现]
be
shocked
by/at
被……震惊
[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/完成句子
①I
was
so
at
the
performance
that
I
didn’t
know
how
to
describe
it.
②It
was
a
to
learn
that
he’s
badly
ill.
③Grandmother
thought
it
(shock)
for
girls
to
wear
jeans.
④Anyone
touching
that
wire
could
get
badly
(shock)．
⑤The
disappearance
of
Flight
MH370
was
news
(令人震惊的消息)
to
us.
⑥We
(对……感到震惊)
the
news
of
his
sudden
death.
shocked
shock
shocking
shocked
shocking
were
all
shocked
at
Lesson
1
重点词汇讲解
1．escape
vi.&vt.逃离；逃避(教材P30)
[合作探究] 体会escape的用法和意义
The
satellite
is
always
escaping
from/out
of
the
earth
only
to
be
pulled
back
the
same
distance
it
has
escaped
by
gravity.
卫星总是要飞离地球，而结果却被地球引力拉了回来，拉回的距离与飞出的距离相同。
He
was
lucky
to
escape
being
punished.他幸运地逃脱了惩罚。
They
had
a
narrow
escape
when
a
car
crashed
into
their
car.
当一辆轿车撞上他们的车时，他们死里逃生。
[自主发现]
①escape
from/out
of... 逃离……
②escape
(doing)
sth
避免(做)某事
[词块积累]
have
a
narrow
escape九死一生
[巩固内化] 完成句子
①He
(企图逃跑),
which
was
found
impossible
at
last.
②They
went
to
the
mountains
(避暑)．
③He
(从燃烧的汽车里逃了出来)
when
the
accident
occurred.
tried
to
escape
to
escape
the
summer
heat
escaped
from
the
burning
car
2．survive
vi.&vt.活下来；幸存(教材P30)
survivor
n.
幸存者 survival
n．[U]幸存；[C]残存物
[合作探究] 体会survive的用法和意义
Sadly,
it
is
very
difficult
for
giant
pandas
to
survive
in
the
wild.
令人沮丧的是，大熊猫在野外很难活下来。
Life
isn’t
about
how
to
survive
the
storm;
it’s
about
learning
to
dance
in
the
rain.生活不在于如何从暴风雨中幸存，而在于学会在雨中跳舞。
If
he
couldn’t
find
his
way
out
of
the
forest,
there
would
be
little
chance
of
survival.如果他找不到走出森林的路，他生存的可能性很小。
As
far
as
I
know,
the
old
woman
survived
her
husband
by
ten
years.
据我所知，这位老太太比她丈夫多活了十年。
[自主发现]
A
survive
B
by
... A比B活得长……
[名师提醒]
survive
表示“幸免于难”时，是及物动词，其后不需要加介词in或from。
[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/完成句子
①The
(survive)
of
the
earthquake
often
talks
about
his
survival．
②
were
rushed
to
hospital
(幸存者被紧急送进医院)
after
the
car
crash.
③They
did
not
know
how
they
could
(挨过这个寒冷之夜)．
④He
his
wife
by
two
years
(比他妻子多活了两年)．
survivor
survivors
survive
the
cold
night
survived
3．frightened
adj.受惊的；害怕的
frighten
v.
使惊吓；吓唬 frightening
adj.令人恐惧的
The
moment
I
heard
the
word
I
became
very
frightened.(教材P31)
我一听到这个词就非常害怕。
[合作探究] 体会frightened的用法和意义
A
cry
came
from
the
frightened
child.哭声来自受惊的孩子。
She
was
frightened
at
what
she
saw.她对看到的事情感到恐惧。
She
was
frightened
of
falling
into
the
swimming
pool.她害怕掉进游泳池。
I
am
frightened
to
go
out
alone
at
night.我不敢晚上一个人出去。
[自主发现]
①be
frightened
at 对……感到恐惧
②be
frightened
of
doing
sth
害怕做某事
③be
frightened
to
do
sth
不敢做某事
[巩固内化] 完成句子
①I
at
the
sight
of
the
snake.
看到那条蛇时我被吓坏了。
②I
hearing
barks
of
the
fierce
dog.
听到那只凶猛的狗的叫声我吓坏了。
③He
look
down
from
the
top
of
the
tall
building.
他不敢从那座高楼顶上往下看。
was
frightened
was
frightened
of
was
frightened
to
4.curious
adj.好奇的
curiosity
n.
好奇；好奇心
After
a
while,
I
became
curious
about
the
whirlpool
itself.
(教材P31)
过了一会儿，我对漩涡本身产生了好奇。
[合作探究] 体会curious的用法和意义
If
a
boy
is
curious,
he
is
always
asking
questions.
一个好奇的孩子总是要不断地提出问题。
The
boy
is
curious
about
everything.
这个男孩对任何事情都很好奇。
She
is
curious
to
know
what
happens.
她好奇地要知道发生了什么事。
[自主发现]
①be
curious
about 对……感到好奇
②be
curious
to
do...
好奇做……
[巩固内化]
单句语法填空
①
As
a
little
boy,
he
the
origin
of
mankind.
②
He’s
curious
(know)
what
she
said.
③
(curious)
drove
him
into
the
cave
to
see
what
happened.
was
curious
about
to
know
Curiosity
5．equal
adj.相等的；相同的
n．同等的人；相等物
equality
n．平等，相等
...the
second,
between
two
objects
of
equal
extent，round
objects
fell
down
less
rapidly...(教材P31)
……第二，在两个相同大小的物体之间，圆形物体下降得不太快……
[合作探究] 体会equal的用法和意义
Not
all
men
are
equal
in
ability.人的能力不全一样。
I’m
not
equal
to
(doing)
the
task.我不能胜任这项任务。
He
is
my
equal
in
strength.他和我力气一样大。
No
one
equals
him
in
spelling.在拼写方面，无人能和他相比。
[自主发现]
①be
equal
to
(doing)
sth
能胜任(做)某事
②be
equal
in
sth
在某方面相同
③equal
sb
in
在某方面与某人匹配
[思考] 表示“胜任……”的其他常见表达还有哪些？
①be__up__to ②be__fit__for ③be__qualified__for
[巩固内化]
(1)单句语法填空
①A
pound
is
roughly
500
grams.
②He
doesn’t
seem
equal
to
(do)
the
task.
③Two
plus
two
(equal)
four.
equal
to
doing
equals
(2)同义句转换
④
The
manager
isn’t
fit
for
his
position.
→The
manager
his
position.
⑤Twice
three
equals
six.
→Twice
three
six.
isn’t
equal
to
is
equal
to
Lesson
2
1．rescue
n
&vt. 营救；救援
2．vehicle
n.
交通工具，车辆
3．trap
vt.
困住；使陷于危险中
4．attempt
n．&vt.
努力，尝试，企图
5．interrupt
vt.
打断讲话
6．death
n.
死，死亡
7．loss
n.
丧失；死亡
8．damage
vt.
伤害，损伤，损害
9．measure
vt.
估量，衡量；测量
10．operation
n.
行动，活动；手术；操作
11．overseas
adv.
在海外，在外国
12．site
n.
场所，地点
13．process
n.
过程，进程
14．battle
n.
较量，竞争；斗争；战争
15．duty
n.
职责，义务；责任
16．suffering
n.
(肉体或精神上的)痛苦；折磨
17．conduct
vt.
执行；实施；进行
vi.&
vt.
指挥
18．protection
n.
保护；防护
19．lamp
n.
灯
20．nearby
adv.
附近
21．breathe
vt.&
vi.
呼吸
22．breathe
in
吸气
23．dust
n.
灰尘；尘埃
重点词汇讲解
1．rescue
n．&vt.营救；救援
Search
and
rescue
vehicles
are
brought
into
destroyed
areas.(教材P34)
搜救车被带到被破坏的地区。
[合作探究] 体会rescue的用法和意义
Firefighters
burst
the
door
open
and
rescued
them.
消防队员撞开门，把他们救了出来。
David
rescued
a
fisherman
from
the
storm
at
sea.
戴维从海上的风暴中救起了一个渔民。
Rescue
workers
rushed
to
the
site
of
the
accident.
救援人员匆忙赶往事故现场。
No
one
came
to
their
rescue
until
the
following
day.
直到第二天才有人来救他们。
[自主发现]
①rescue
sb/sth
from... 从……中营救出某人/某物
②come
to
one’s
rescue
去救援或营救某人
[词块积累]
come/go/run
to
one’s
rescue 来/去援救某人
[巩固内化]
介词填空/翻译句子
①
I
didn’t
know
anybody
at
the
party,
but
the
hostess
came
my
rescue.
②
The
lifeboat
rescued
the
sailors
the
sinking
boat.
③他溺水被人救起。
He
drowning.
④老人跑去援救她。
The
old
man
.
to
from
was
rescued
from
ran
to
her
rescue
2．trap
vt.困住；使陷于危险中
n．圈套；陷阱
Rescue
teams
try
to
save
people
trapped
under
buildings.(教材P34)
救援队试图营救被困在建筑物下面的人。
[合作探究] 体会trap的用法和意义
The
car
was
trapped
in
the
deep
snow.汽车陷入了深雪中。
They
trapped
him
into
signing
the
contract.他们诱骗他签了合同。
Mary
set
a
trap
for
Peter
and
he
really
fell
into
the
trap.
玛丽给彼得设了个圈套，而他真的中了圈套。
[自主发现]
①be
trapped
in... 被困于……中，陷入……中
②trap
sb
into
doing
sth
诱骗某人做某事
③set
a
trap
for
给……设圈套
④fall
into
a
trap
落入陷阱，落入圈套
[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/完成句子
①They
(trap)
in
the
cave
for
20
days
before
rescued.
②The
thief
(落入圈套)
set
by
the
police.
③They
trapped
her
into
(tell)
where
the
gift
was
hidden.
④The
fox
can’t
(从陷阱中逃脱)．
⑤They
found
themselves
(被困在着火的大楼里)
as
soon
as
they
woke
up.
had
been
trapped
fell
into
the
trap
telling
escape
from
the
trap
trapped
in
the
burning
building
3.
attempt
n．&vt.努力，尝试，企图
attempted
adj.
未遂的，企图的
What
happens
on
rescue
attempts(教材P34)
在救援行动中会发生什么
[合作探究] 体会attempt的用法和意义
They
are
attempting
to
climb
the
steepest
part
of
the
mountain.
他们正尝试攀登那座山最陡峭的部分。
The
prisoner
made
an
attempt
to
escape,
but
in
vain.
囚犯妄图逃跑，但是徒劳。
Two
factories
were
closed
in
an
attempt
to
cut
costs.
为了削减费用，两家工厂被关闭了。
I
passed
my
driving
test
at/on
the
first
attempt.
我考驾驶执照时，一次就通过了。
[自主发现]
①attempt
to__do
sth＝
make
an
attempt
to
do
sth 试图做某事
②in
an
attempt
to
do
sth
试图做某事
③at/on
the
first
attempt
第一次尝试
[词块积累]
an
attempted
suicide/murder自杀/谋杀未遂
[巩固内化] 完成句子
①
The
students
who
are
not
successful
may
take
the
exam
again.
第一次考试不及格的学生可参加补考。
②I
to
make
friends
with
her.我没有打算和她做朋友。
③Don’t
so
much
in
such
a
short
time.
时间这么短，别想干这么多的事。
④Personally
speaking,
parents
to
protect
their
kids
by
giving
whatever
they
require.就我个人而言，父母们正在通过给孩子要的任何东西来保护他们的孩子。
at/on
the
first
attempt
made
no
attempt
attempt
to
do/make
an
attempt
at
doing
are
making
an
attempt/are
attempting
4．damage
n．伤害，损伤，损害
vt.损害；损毁
As
you
know,
natural
disasters
like
earthquakes,
floods
and
landslides
can
cause
death
and
other
loss
and
damage
that
is
hard
to
measure.(教材P102)
众所周知，地震、洪水和山体滑坡等自然灾害会造成死亡和其他难以估量的损失和破坏。
[合作探究] 体会damage的用法和意义
The
heavy
rain
didn’t
do/cause
much
damage
to
the
crops.
这次暴风雨没有对农作物造成很大的损失。
Smoking
will
damage
your
health.抽烟会损坏你的健康。
The
bridge
was
badly
damaged
by
the
flood.
那座桥被洪水损坏得很严重。
[自主发现]
①cause/do
damage
to 给……带来/造成损害
②be
badly
damaged
遭受严重损害
③damage
one’s
health
损害某人的健康
[巩固内化] 完成句子
①Any
one
of
these
could
a
spacecraft．
其中任何一样东西都会对宇宙飞船造成破坏。
②The
car
when
it
hit
the
wall.
当汽车撞到墙上，损毁得很严重。
③Eating
junk
food
will
badly__damage__your__health．
吃垃圾食品会严重损害你的健康。
cause/do
damage
to
was
badly
damaged
5．measure
vt.估量，衡量；测量
n．措施；尺寸，程度
...cause
death
and
other
loss
and
damage
that
is
hard
to
measure.(教材P102)
……造成死亡和其他难以估量的损失和破坏。
[合作探究] 体会measure的用法和意义
The
room
measures
25
feet
across.这个房间宽25英尺。
Our
government
is
trying
to
take
measures
to
prevent
and
control
pollution.
我们的国家正试图采取措施，防止和控制污染。
Let
me
take
your
measure
and
then
I
will
make
a
beautiful
dress
to
your
own
measure.In
some
measure
whether
it
will
fit
you
depends
on
the
result.
让我给你量一下尺寸，然后我就可以根据你自己的尺寸做一条漂亮的裙子了。在某种程度上，它是否合身取决于测量结果。
[自主发现]
①take
measures
to__do
sth 采取措施做某事
②make...to__one’s
own
measure
根据某人的尺寸做(衣服)
③take
sb’s
measure
给某人量尺寸
④in
some
measure
在某种程度上
[名师提醒]
当measure表示“量起来有……长/高/宽……”时，是不及物动词，不用被动语态。
[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/完成句子
①We’ve
taken
(measure)
to
solve
the
housing
problem.
②This
bridge
(measure)
5
kilometres
long.
③Can
you
without
using
any
equipment?
你能不用任何设备测出这座塔的高度吗？
④Some
have
been
taken,
but
they
haven’t
worked
up
to
now.
已经采取了一些措施，但它们到现在还未起作用。
⑤The
government
should
to
solve
the
issues
of
food
safety.
政府应采取有效措施解决食品安全问题。
measures
measures
measure
the
height
of
the
tower
measures
take
effective
measures
6．conduct
vt.实施；进行；执行
vi.&vt.指挥
n．行为举止；实施(办法)；引导
You’ve
told
us
a
lot
about
how
you
conduct
rescue
attempts,
but
could
you
please
tell
us
more
about
protection？(教材P103)
你已经告诉我们很多关于你是如何进行营救的，但是你能告诉我们更多关于保护的事情吗？
[合作探究] 体会conduct的用法和意义
Miss
Guo
wants
her
students
to
conduct
a
survey
for
the
school.
郭老师想让她的学生为学校开展一次调查。
Today
I
want
to
conduct
myself
in
a
proper
manner.今天我要举止得体。
He
is
famous
for
his
good
conduct.他因良好的行为而远近闻名。
[自主发现]
①conduct
a
survey 进行调查
②conduct
oneself
举止得体
③good
conduct
良好的行为
[巩固内化]
完成句子
①Moreover,
I
on
the
potential
buyers.
此外，我想对潜在买家进行调查。
②How
should
I
at
these
dinners?
我在这类晚宴上该怎样做到举止得体呢？
③The
children
were
rewarded
for
and
punished
for
bad
conduct.
孩子们因行为好而受奖励，因行为坏而受惩罚。
would
like
to
conduct
a
survey
conduct
myself
good
conduct
7．breathe
vt.&
vi.呼吸 breath
n．呼吸
This
is
because
shouting
can
cause
you
to
breathe
in
a
dangerous
amount
of
dust.(教材P103)
这是因为大喊大叫会让你吸入大量危险的灰尘。
[合作探究] 体会breathe及其相关词的用法和意义
Place
your
hands
on
the
small
of
your
back
and
breathe
in.
双手置于腰部，吸气。
Hold
your
breath
for
a
count
of
five,
then
slowly
breathe
out.
屏住气息数五下，然后慢慢地呼气。
He
was
out
of
breath
after
running.他跑完后，上气不接下气。
[自主发现]
①breathe
in 吸气
②breathe
out
呼气
③out
of
breath
上气不接下气
[巩固内化]
完成句子
①We
lifted
our
heads
to
．
我们抬起头，吸进新鲜、干净的空气。
②After
climbing
that
long
flight
of
stairs
she
．
爬完这么长的一段楼梯后，她已经完全喘不过气来了。
③The
doctor
told
him
to
．
医生让他先深深吸一口气，然后再把气吐出来。
breathe
in
the
fresh,
clear
air
was
completely
out
of
breath
breathe
in
deeply
and
then
breathe
out
8．run
out用完；耗尽
Well,
I’d
love
to
know
more,
but,
unfortunately,
we’ve
run
out
of
time.(教材P103)好吧，我很想知道更多，但是，不幸的是，我们已经没时间了。
[短语记牢]
ran
across偶然遇到
run
after
追赶
run
away
突然离开；逃离
run
over
撞倒，撞翻
①
When
the
thief
ran
across
a
policeman,
he
ran
away.
当小偷看到警察的时候，他立刻逃走了。
②
The
car
ran
over
a
duck
crossing
the
road.
汽车轧死了一只过马路的鸭子。
[名师提醒] run
out
of为及物动词短语，可接宾语，也可用于被动语态，其主语为人；run
out为不及物动词短语，不能接宾语，也不能用于被动语态，其主语为物。
③You’d
better
go
home
before
your
money
runs
out.
在花光钱之前，你最好回家。
④We
have
run
out
of
sugar.Go
and
buy
some.
我们已把糖用完了，去买点回来。
[巩固内化]
介、副词填空/同义句转换
①I
ran
him
on
the
street
the
other
day.
②The
policemen
were
running
a
prisoner
who
escaped
last
night.
③The
horse
became
frightened
and
then
ran
．
④Petrol
is
running
,
so
I
have
to
stop
at
the
next
filling
station.
⑤He
was
run
by
a
bus
and
killed.
⑥We
must
go
home.
Our
money
has
given
out.
→We
must
go
home.
Our
money
has
run
．
⑦He
has
used
up
all
the
hot
water.
→He
has
run
out
all
the
hot
water.
run
out
用完；耗尽
across
after
away
out
over
out
of
Lesson
3
重点词汇讲解
1．
preparation
n．预备，准备
prepare
v．准备
What
preparations
do
they
need
to
make?
(教材P36)他们需要做什么准备？
[合作探究] 体会preparation及其相关词的用法和意义
They’ve
sold
their
house
and
car
in
preparation
for
leaving
the
country.
他们卖掉了房子和汽车准备出国。
Mrs.
White
is
busy
making
preparations
for
her
daughter’s
wedding.
怀特夫人正忙着为女儿的婚礼做准备。
Mother
is
preparing
us
a
meal.We
may
wash
our
hands
and
prepare
for
the
meal.妈妈正在给我们准备饭，我们可以洗手准备吃饭了。
[自主发现]
①in
preparation
for 准备……
②make
preparations
for
为……作准备
③prepare
for...
为……作准备
[名师提醒]
(1)preparation用作不可数名词时表示“准备，预备”，常用于in
preparation
(for
sth)短语中；(2)用作可数名词时表示具体的“准备工作”，常与动词make连用，组成make
preparations
for。
[巩固内化]
完成句子/翻译句子
①
the
2020
Olympic
Games,
he
trains
hard
every
day.
为准备2020年奥运会，他每天都刻苦训练。
②He
didn’t
this
exam,
so
he
failed.
他考试前没做任何准备，所以没及格。
③我们正为即将到来的考试作准备。
We
the
coming
exam.
In
preparation
for
make
any
preparation
for
are
making
preparations
for/preparing
for
2．
base
n．基地，大本营；基础
vt.以……为基地
basic
adj.基础的，基本的
During
the
polar
summer
of
1910－1911,
both
teams
organised
food
bases
in
preparation
for
their
journeys
the
next
year.(教材P36)
在1910—1911年的极地夏季，两队人都为下一年的探险做了食物储备。
[合作探究] 体会base的用法和意义
You
should
base
your
conclusion
on/upon
careful
research.
你应该以审慎的研究为基础而下结论。
The
movie
A
Smile
Is
Beautiful
is
based
on/upon
the
popular
novel
of
the
same
name.电影《微微一笑很倾城》是以同名人气小说为基础(改编)的。
[自主发现]
①base...on/upon 把……置于……基础之上
②be
based
on/upon
以……为基础/根据
[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/翻译句子
①
(base)
research
is
of
great
importance
in
all
scientific
fields.
②
(base)
on
a
true
story,
the
novel
is
popular
soon.
③医患关系是以信任为基础的。(be
based
on)
The
doctor－patient
relationship
trust.
Basic
Based
is
based
on
3．prove
vt.证明；证实
Later,
these
rocks
proved
that
at
one
time
in
the
distant
past,
the
continent
of
Antarctica
was
covered
by
plants.(教材P37)
后来，这些岩石证明，在遥远的过去，南极洲大陆曾一度被植物覆盖。
[合作探究] 体会prove的用法和意义
The
difficulty
was
how
he
could
prove
his
ideas
to
other
scientists.
困难在于他怎样向其他科学家证实他的想法。
They
prove
themselves
(to
be)
wise
and
brave.他们证实自己机智勇敢。
He
proved
(to
be)
an
honest
man.后来证明他是一个诚实的人。
It
is
proved
that
this
method
is
effective.据证明这种方法是行之有效的。
[自主发现]
①prove
sth
to
sb 向某人证明某事
②prove
oneself
(to
be)
...
证明自己是……
③prove
(to
be)＋n./adj.
原来是；证明是
④It
is
proved
that．..
据证明……
[巩固内化]
单句语法填空
①She
proved
(her)
to
be
an
able
secretary.
②By
1914
Einstein’s
theory
proved
(be)
correct.
③
(据证明)
again
and
again
that
what
is
said
in
the
ads
greatly
affects
people’s
impression
of
the
products.
herself
to
be
It
has
been
proved2020-2021学年新北师大版高中英语必修2：Unit5
Humans
and
Nature
重点句型梳理
核心句型
1．Then
came
the
total
darkness
of
the
polar
winter.(教材P36)接着漆黑的极地冬夜来临了。
[句式解读] 该句为完全倒装语序，主语为the
total
darkness
of
the
polar
winter,
谓语为came。
[用法总结]
(1)表示地点的副词here,
there,
up,
down,
out,
in,
away；表示时间的副词now,
then；表语以及表示地点的介词短语位于句首时，句子用完全倒装。
(2)完全倒装句中的谓语动词常是系动词be或come,
go,
lie,
stand等不及物动词，且主语是名词。
①Here
comes
the
bus.公共汽车来了。
②In
came
the
headmaster.校长进来了。
③Gone
are
the
days
when
we
were
looked
down
upon.
我们被瞧不起的日子一去不复返了。
④In
the
yard
stands
a
tall
tree.院子里有一棵大树。
[名师提醒]
(1)这种完全倒装结构的时态只限于一般现在时或一般过去时。
(2)谓语动词的单复数视后面主语的单复数而定。
[巩固内化]
用完全倒装结构完成下列句子
①At
the
foot
of
the
mountain
(住着一位老人)．
②Out
(一条大狗冲了出来)．
③North
of
the
village
(卧着一条河)．
lives
an
old
man
rushed
a
big
dog
lies
a
river
2．He
had
teams
of
dogs
pulling
the
sledges
and
all
his
men
were
on
skis.(教材P36)
他让成群的狗拉着雪橇，所有人都坐在雪板上。
[句式解读] 本句使用了句型“have＋宾语＋宾语补足语”，其中have是使役动词，意为“使，叫，让”。
[用法总结] 该句型用法有以下几种：
(1)have
sb/sth
doing 让某人做某事(动作具有持续、进行含义)
(2)have
sb
do
让某人做某事
(3)have
sth
done
让/请别人做某事；遭受到
①They
tried
to
have
her
talking,
but
no
use.他们想让她说话，但没用。
②She
had
planned
to
have
her
daughter
marry
Laurie.
她本打算让女儿嫁给劳里。
③As
we
left
we
had
a
photograph
taken
together.临走时，我们一起照相了。
[巩固内化]
单句语法填空
①He
had
his
favorite
Alsatian
dog
(poison)
and
two
other
dogs
in
the
household
shot(shoot)．
②She’ll
have
you
(do)
all
the
housework
if
you’re
not
careful.
③The
rich
lady
had
the
singer
(eat)
with
her
servants.
poisoned
doing
eat2020-2021学年新北师大版高中英语必修2：Unit5
Humans
and
Nature
重点短语梳理
重点短语
break
down停止运转，出故障；(身体等)垮掉；失败；使分解
First,
his
two
sledges
broke
down,
and
then
the
horses
began
to
have
serious
difficulties
with
the
snow
and
the
cold.(教材P36)
先是他的两辆雪橇坏了，后来马匹开始应付不了大雪和严寒的天气。
[短语记牢]
记牢下列短语
break
out 突然爆发
break
up
粉碎；结束；解散
break
through
获得重大发现；取得重大突破；冲出
①Talks
with
business
leaders
broke
down
last
night.
昨晚与商界领导人的谈判失败了。
②Everybody
was
alarmed
at
the
news
that
war
might
break
out.
听到战争可能爆发的消息人人感到恐慌。
[巩固内化]
(1)写出句中break
down的含义
①Her
health
broke
down
under
the
pressure
of
work.
②I
left
London
when
my
marriage
broke
down.
③The
car
broke
down
just
north
of
Paris.
④Food
is
broken
down
in
the
stomach.
垮掉
失败
出故障
使分解
(2)完成句子
⑤Angry
people
(冲过)
the
barriers
despite
of
warnings
from
the
police.
⑥Two
world
wars
(爆发)
in
our
planet
so
far.
broke
through
have
broken
out2020-2021学年新北师大版高中英语必修2：Unit5
Humans
and
Nature
单元写作梳理
Section
Ⅵ
Writing——宣传手册
本单元的写作任务是写一个宣传手册。宣传手册是为了某一特定需要，通过一定形式向公众传递信息的手段，是说明文的一种。
Ⅰ.
Pre－writing
(1)Learn
to
write
after
the
model
How
to
Survive
an
Earthquake
If
you’re
indoors：
·Don’t
run,
but
protect
yourself.
Don’t
try
to
run
out
of
the
building
during
an
earthquake.
The
most
important
thing
is
to
protect
yourself
as
much
as
you
can.
·Drop,
cover
and
hold
on.
DROP
down
onto
your
hands
and
knees.
COVER
your
head
and
neck
with
your
hands,
arms
or
hard
objects.
If
possible,
find
a
strong
shelter
nearby
which
will
cover
your
whole
body.
HOLD
ON
to
your
shelter
until
the
shaking
stops.
·Find
the
triangle
of
life.
Sit
on
the
floor
next
to
a
sturdy
piece
of
furniture
so
that
if
a
wall
falls
down,
it
will
create
a
space
for
you
to
survive.
If
you’re
outdoors：
·Move
away
from
anything
that
can
fall.
Move
to
open
areas.
Buildings,
trees,
streetlights
and
power
lines
can
all
fall
down
during
an
earthquake.
·Find
a
shelter
where
you
can
stay.
If
you
are
near
objects
that
can
fall,
find
a
shelter
to
protect
yourself
from
them.
·Wait
a
moment
before
moving
to
any
other
place.
Objects
may
also
fall
after
a
quake
and
there
are
always
strong
aftershocks.
Observe
carefully
before
you
move
away.
If
you’re
in
a
car：
·Stop.
Stop
your
car
as
quickly
as
you
can,
but
avoid
stopping
near
a
building
or
under
a
tree.
·Stay
seated.
Stay
calm
in
your
car.
The
car’s
metal
body
can
protect
you
from
falling
objects.
·Drive
away
carefully
when
the
quake
stops.
Avoid
bridges
that
have
been
damaged
or
may
be
damaged
by
aftershocks.
篇章结构
The
first
part：What
you
should
do
if
you’re
indoors.
The
second
part：What
you
should
do
if
you’re
outdoors.
The
third
part：What
you
should
do
if
you’re
in
a
car.
（2）Preparation
for
writing—Words
and
phrases
①welcome
v．欢迎
②adventure
n.
冒险
③be
located
in/lie
in...
位于……
④cover
v.
覆盖
⑤activity
n.
活动
⑥experience
v.
体验
⑦accommodation
n.
住宿
⑧make
preparations
for
为……做准备
⑨further
information
更多信息
⑩tourist
attraction__
旅游景点
Ⅱ.
While－writing
一家远足营地(Adventure
Hiking)准备组织一次冒险远足旅行，并希望在互联网上进行宣传。请你用英语为其写一篇宣传稿。主要内容应包括：
1．本次远足活动是为喜欢冒险和远足的人士组织的一次活动；
2．远足要穿过一个大沙漠以考验参加者的体力和耐力；
3．远足将体验激烈的漂流活动；
4．远足将爬一座最大海拔高度为5
000米的高山，并可能遇到一些野生动物；
5．远足组织者将提供良好的住宿并要求参加者携带轻而有用的行李；
6．欲参加者请致电0450－8899432或e－mail至www..AH。
注意：词数100左右。
Step
1 List
the
outline
of
the
passage.
首段：首先对远足营地进行宣传；
中段：然后对活动内容和注意事项进行详细描述；
尾段：再次宣传远足营地并给出具体的联系方式。
Step
2 List
the
words，phrases
and
sentences.
1．Words
and
phrases
①go
hiking 去远足
②optional
activities
可供选择的活动
③strength
n.
体力
④with
a
maximum
altitude
of
最大海拔高度为
⑤survival
skills
生存技巧
⑥organization
n.
组织
⑦accommodation
n.
住宿
⑧patience
n.
耐力
2．Sentences
①你们将体验令人兴奋的水上漂流，你们将获得你们从未有过的经历。(祈使句＋and＋陈述句)
Experience
the
exciting
white－water
rafting
and
you’ll
gain
the
experience
you
have
never
got.
②营地提供良好的食宿，你们不用担心远足后休息的地方。(so连接的并列句)
Have
good
accommodation
at
our
camp
so
don’t
be
anxious
about
your
rest
place
after
the
hiking.
Step
3 Draft
the
article
by
using
the
following
words
and
phrases.
during
the
hiking，and，last
but
not
least，or
Adventure
Hiking
If
you
like
both
going
hiking
and
adventure，Adventure
Hiking
is
the
organization
for
you.
During
the
hiking，we’ll
have
the
following
optional
activities
for
you.
Walk
through
a
big
desert
to
test
your
strength
and
patience.
Experience
the
exciting
white－water
rafting
and
you’ll
gain
the
experience
you
have
never
got.
Climb
a
high
mountain
with
a
maximum
altitude
of
5，000
meters
and
perhaps
you’ll
meet
some
wild
animals.
Have
good
accommodation
at
our
camp
so
don’t
be
anxious
about
your
rest
place
after
the
hiking.
Last
but
not
least，take
your
own
luggage
with
you.
The
things
in
it
should
be
useful
and
light.
You’ll
have
much
fun
and
learn
survival
skills
during
the
adventure
hiking.
Call
us
today
on
0450－8899432
or
e－mail
us
at
www..AH.
Ⅲ.
Post－writing—polishing
the
passage
Exchange
your
passage
with
your
partner,
and
pay
attention
to
the
following
points.
□1.
Is
the
structure
of
the
passage
appropriate?
□2.
Are
there
any
spelling
mistakes?
□3.Are
there
any
grammatical
mistakes
like
the
tenses(时态)?
□4.
Does
the
brochure
include
all
the
main
contents?
□5.
Is
simple
and
informal
English
correctly
used?
亮点表达
1．This
kind
of
computer
is
of
good
quality.
2．All
the
common
families
can
afford
to
buy
one.
It
controls
mostly
by
itself，so
it
is
very
easy
to
operate.
3．It
is
convenient
to
carry，for
it
is
small
and
light.
4．Once
you
have
one
of
this
kind，you’ll
enjoy
it
very
much.
5．There
are
many
kinds
of
food
served
in
the
restaurant，which
are
very
delicious.
6．At
the
same
time，all
the
food
looks
nice
and
smells
good.
7．What’s
more，the
prices
of
them
are
very
reasonable.
8．The
owner
as
well
as
the
waiters
is
very
friendly
and
kind，and
they
will
make
you
feel
at
home.
句式欣赏
I
like
Spring
Festival,
because
Spring
Festival
is
a
family
reunion
festival.我喜欢春节，因为春节是个亲人团聚的节日。
People
can
not
only
enjoy
the
full
table
of
food,
but
also
enjoy
the
happy
atmosphere.人们既能享受满桌的佳肴盛馔，也能享受那份快乐的气氛。
Breakfast
is
not
a
big
meal,
just
a
few
home－cooked
dishes,
a
few
bowls
of
ordinary
soup,
but
one
is
very
special,
that
is
the
moon
cake
that
symbolizes
reunion.
早饭并不丰盛，只是几个家常菜，几碗普通的汤，但有一个很特别，那就是象征团圆的月饼。
This
year’s
New
Year’s
Day
is
full
of
festival
joy
and
the
pride
of
youth.
今年的元旦充满了节日的快乐和青春的自豪。
写作技巧
高级句型才给力
首先，给出一句简洁、清楚又切中主题的话，以便在第一时间引起读者的兴趣。
然后，给出被宣传事物大致的、最主要的信息。比如，找工作要推荐自己、宣传自己，写作中可以简要介绍自己的学历和曾有的工作经历。
接下来，叙述被宣传事物的主要特点。还以申请工作为例，在这里可以介绍自己有什么技能和特长。
最后，要强调一下被宣传事物与其他同类事物的独特之处。仍以找工作为例，可以宣传个人异于其他人的强项，比如，会说流利的英语，有丰富的工作经验等。这样，一篇目的明确、内容清晰、结构紧凑、层次分明的宣传手册就成型了。2020-2021学年新北师大版高中英语必修2：Unit5
Humans
and
Nature
重点语法梳理
单元语法
后缀
有些英语单词由三部分组成，即：前缀，词根及后缀。单词中位于词根前面的部分就是前缀，位于词根后面的部分就是后缀。如：unacceptable中un是前缀，accept是词根，able是后缀。后缀词是指在一个词根的后面附加一个或几个字母构成的一个新词。如：snowy中y就是后缀。通常，后缀改变单词的词性，不改变词根的含义。
[合作探究]
画出下列单词的后缀
1．reader 读者 2.inventor 发明家
3．Chinese
中国人
4.Indian
印度人
5．artist
艺术家
6.kindness
和蔼
7．operation
手术
[自主发现]
这些单词是在各自的词根后加了不同的后缀，如－er,
－or,
－ese,
－ian等。
常见的后缀见下表：
分类
举例
名词后缀
－er/－or(从事……的人)，－ese(某地人)，－ess(雌性)，－ian(……的人)，－ist(专业人员)，－ism(主义)，－ment(性质；状态)，－ness(性质)，－tion/－ation(动作；过程)，－dom(状态；区域)
动词后缀
－en(多用于形容词之后)，－fy(使……化)，－ize(使……成为)
形容词后缀
－al，－able，－an，－ble，－ern，－ful，－ive，－less，－like，－ly，－y，－ous，－some
副词后缀
－ly(用于形容词后表示方式或程度)，－ward(s)(表示方向)
数词后缀
－teen，－th，－ty
当我们的单词积累到一定词汇量的时候，通过前缀后缀的对比可以帮助我们理解记忆这些单词，比如通过构词法产生的新单词可以帮助背诵基本的单词，从而避免一些记了新单词而忘记老单词的情况。
[巩固内化]
1．画出下列单词的名词后缀
①teacher
教师
②Japanese
日本人
③musician
音乐家
④artist
艺术家
2．画出下列单词的动词后缀
①widen
加宽
②beautify
美化
3．画出下列单词的形容词后缀
①American
美国的
②careful细心的
③active
有活力的
4．画出下列单词的副词后缀
①quickly
迅速地
②angrily
生气地
5．画出下列单词的数词后缀
①thirteen
十三
②fourth第四
Ⅰ.给下面单词加上适当的后缀
1．movement
n．运动
2．darkness
n.
黑暗
3．invention
n.
发明
4．realize
v.
意识到
5．national
adj.
民族的
6．reasonable
adj.
合理的
7．northward
adv.
朝北
8．upward(s)
adv.
向上
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Chengdu
has
dozens
of
new
millionaires,
Asia’s
biggest
building,
and
fancy
new
hotels.
But
for
tourists
like
me,
pandas
are
its
top
(attract)．
2．He
is
the
only
(survive)
of
this
earthquake.
3．It
is
(certain)
fun
but
the
lifestyle
is
a
little
unreal.
4．As
(nature)
architects,
the
Pueblo
Indians
figured
out
exactly
how
thick
the
adobe
walls
needed
to
be
to
make
the
cycle
work
on
most
days.
5．She
is
determined
to
carry
on
with
her
(educate)．
6．However,
be
(care)
not
to
go
to
extremes.
attraction
survivor
certainly
natural
education
careful
