Unit
4
Natural
Disasters（A卷）-2020-2021学年高一英语人教版（2019）必修第一册
1.Creating
an
atmosphere
in
_________
employees
feel
part
of
a
team
is
a
big
challenge.
2.Workers
built
shelters
for
survivors
_____
homes
had
been
destroyed.
3.Mrs.
Coxen
____________(aid)
in
looking
after
the
children
by
her
niece.
4.The
writer
and
his
works
____________
you
told
me
are
really
famous.
5.I
often
recall
the
happy
days
____________
we
spent
together
during
our
summer
holiday.
6.当他醒来时，他发现自己躺在家里的地上。
When
he
woke
up,
he
found
___________
___________
___________
___________
___________
at
home.
7.他自愿为我们学校做这份工作。
He
___________
___________
___________
the
job
for
our
school.
8.谁是支撑着你家的人？
Who
is
the
person
___________
___________
___________
___________?
9.这是我曾看过的第一部美国电影。
This
is
the
first
American
film
___________
___________
___________
___________
___________.
10.那天下午天气晴朗，所以我提议去海滩。
It
was
a
sunny
afternoon,
so
I
suggested
___________
___________
___________
___________.
11.当我到家的时候，他已经完成了所有的家庭作业。
By
the
time
I
arrived
home,
he
___________
___________
all
his
homework.
答案以及解析
1.答案：which
解析：分析句子结构可知，空格处应填入定语从句的关系词。关系词在介词in后作宾语，指代先行词atmosphere，故填入which。
2.答案:
whose
解析:分析句子结构可知,关系词在定语从句中作定语,所以填
whose。
3.答案：was
aided
解析：
考查动词语态。句意:Coxen太太有她侄女帮忙照看孩子们。aid
sb.
in
doing
sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”,此处Mrs.
Coxen和aid之间是被动关系,故填was
aided.
4.答案：that
解析：考查定语从句。句意:你告诉我的这位作家和他的作品真的很有名。设空处引导定语从句,先行词为The
writer
and
his
works,指人又指物,关系代词需用that。
5.答案：that/which
解析：考查定语从句。句意:我经常回忆起暑假期间我们一起度过的快乐的日子。设空处引导定语从句,先行词为the
happy
days,指物,从句中缺少动词spent的宾语,所以填关系代词that或which。
6.答案：himself
lying
on
the
ground
7.答案：volunteered
to
do
8.答案：that
supports
your
family
9.答案：that
I
have
ever
seen
10.答案：going
to
the
beach
11.答案：had
finishedUnit
4
Natural
Disasters（B卷）-2020-2021学年高一英语人教版（2019）必修第一册
一、???
In
late
March,
storms
and
rapid
temperature
shifts
in
several
Midwestern
states
led
to
unexpected
flooding.
For
Nebraska,
it
was
the
worst
disaster
in
the
state's
history:
76
of
93
counties
have
had
to
apply
for
aid,
with
damage
approximately
$1.3
billion.
Many
families
are
receiving
assistance
for
repairs
to
homes,
farms,
and
infrastructure
(基础设施).
???
Although
it
has
been
a
destructive
time
for
Midwestern
farm
counties,
many
volunteers
have
joined
in
despite
the
dangers.
For
volunteer
Lynn
Caniglia,
the
feeling
that
comes
from
"helping
families"
is
all
the
payment
she
needs.
????
Another
girl
called
Jeanie
Goodhile
talked
about
her
efforts.
She
raised
disabled
animals
on
her
farm
in
Valley,
Nebraska.
The
floods
ruined
her
land
and
nearly
killed
all
she
owned.
"When
the
water
came,
I
had
20
minutes
to
save
all
of
my
animals,"
Goodhile
said.
"When
I
attempted
to
get
some
animals
out
of
their
pens(畜栏),
they
wouldn't
come
out."
Across
the
Midwest,
three
people
and
more
than
2.3
million
animals
died
in
the
flooding.
Goodhile
is
grateful
for
the
first
volunteers
who
risked
their
lives
to
save
others.
???
Volunteers
from
as
far
away
as
Ohio
and
North
Carolina
rescued
people
trapped
and
are
now
providing
supplies
to
those
in
need
and
helping
to
rebuild.
"I
assess
homes
to
see
if
they're
safe
to
live
in
after
all
of
the
damage,"
said
volunteer
Steve
Metcalph.
"Several
steps
need
to
be
taken
to
ensure
that
a
house
is
safe
and
habitable
after
flooding.
Cleaning
out
a
home
and
making
repairs
after
flood
damage
can
be
a
tough,
complex
process.
Roads,
bridges,
and
highways
were
also
damaged.
Most
of
the
highways
and
roads
have
reopened,
but
nearly
one
million
homes
are
still
awaiting
clean-ups."
1.Which
of
the
following
best
describes
Nebraska's
situation
in
late
March?
A.
Terrible.
B.
Changeable.
C.
Pleasant.
D.
Effective.
2.What
happened
to
Jeanie
Goodhile's
farm?
A.Her
efforts
to
save
some
animals
were
in
vain.
B.The
flood
didn't
kill
any
animal
on
the
farm.
C.There
was
no
volunteer
to
help
save
the
farm.
D.She
had
no
time
to
save
the
animals
on
the
farm.
3.What
can
be
a
suitable
title
for
the
text?
A.Survivors
in
the
flood
B.A
joint
effort
to
save
animals
C.The
government's
great
contributions
D.Volunteers
helping
victims
through
flood
二、
California
has
lost
half
its
big
trees
since
the
1930s,
according
to
a
study
to
be
published
Tuesday
and
climate
change
seems
to
be
a
major
factor(因素).
The
number
of
trees
larger
than
two
feet
across
has
declined
by
50
percent
on
more
than
46,
000
square
miles
of
California
forests,
the
new
study
finds.
No
area
was
spared
or
unaffected,
from
the
foggy
northern
coast
to
the
Sierra
Nevada
Mountains
to
the
San
Gabriels
above
Los
Angeles.
In
the
Sierra
high
country,
the
number
of
big
trees
has
fallen
by
more
than
55
percent;
in
parts
of
southern
California
the
decline
was
nearly
75
percent.
Many
factors
contributed
to
the
decline,
said
Patrick
Mclntyre,
an
ecologist
who
was
the
lead
author
of
the
study.
Woodcutters
targeted
big
trees.
Housing
development
pushed
into
the
woods.
Aggressive
wildfire
control
has
left
California
forests
crowded
with
small
trees
that
compete
with
big
trees
for
resources(资源).
But
in
comparing
a
study
of
California
forests
done
in
the
1920s
and
1930s
with
another
one
between
2001
and
2010,
Mclntyre
and
his
colleagues
documented
a
widespread
death
of
big
trees
that
was
evident
even
in
wildlands
protected
from
woodcutting
or
development.
The
loss
of
big
trees
was
greatest
in
areas
where
trees
had
suffered
the
greatest
water
shortage.
The
researchers
figured
out
water
stress
with
a
computer
model
that
calculated
how
much
water
trees
were
getting
in
comparison
with
how
much
they
needed,
taking
into
account
such
things
as
rainfall,
air
temperature,
dampness
of
soil,
and
the
timing
of
snowmelt(融雪).
Since
the
1930s,
Mclntyre
said,
the
biggest
factors
driving
up
water
stress
in
the
state
have
been
rising
temperatures,
which
cause
trees
to
lose
more
water
to
the
air,
and
earlier
snowmelt,
which
reduces
the
water
supply
available
to
trees
during
the
dry
season.
1.What
is
the
second
paragraph
mainly
about?
A.The
seriousness
of
big-tree
loss
in
California.
B.The
increasing
variety
of
California
big
trees.
C.The
distribution
of
big
trees
in
California
forests.
D.The
influence
of
farming
on
big
trees
in
California.
2.Which
of
the
following
is
well-intentioned
but
may
be
bad
for
big
trees?
A.Ecological
studies
of
forests.
B.Banning
woodcutting.
C.Limiting
housing
development.
D.Fire
control
measures.
3.What
is
a
major
cause
of
the
water
shortage
according
to
Mclntyre?
A.Inadequate
snowmelt.
B.A
longer
dry
season.
C.A
warmer
climate.
D.Dampness
of
the
air.
4.What
can
be
a
suitable
title
for
the
text?
A.California's
Forests:
Where
Have
All
the
Big
Trees
Gone?
B.Cutting
of
Big
Trees
to
Be
Prohibited
in
California
Soon
C.Why
Are
the
Big
Trees
Important
to
California
Forests?
D.Patrick
Mclntyre:
Grow
More
Big
Trees
in
California
三、
???
The
scientific
study
of
earthquakes
is
comparatively
new.
Until
the
18th
century,
few
factual
descriptions
of
earthquakes
were
recorded,
and
the
natural
causes
of
earthquakes
were
not
well
understood.
???
The
earliest
earthquake
for
which
we
have
descriptive
information
occurred
in
China
in
1177
BC.
The
Chinese
earthquake
catalog
(目录)
describes
several
dozen
large
earthquakes
in
China
during
the
next
few
thousand
years.
Earthquakes
in
Europe
were
mentioned
as
early
as
580
BC,
but
the
earliest
for
which
we
have
some
descriptive
information
occurred
in
the
mid-16th
century.
The
earliest
known
earthquakes
in
the
Americas
were
in
Mexico
in
the
late
14th
century
and
in
Peru
in
1471,
but
descriptions
of
the
effects
were
not
well
recorded.
By
the
17th
century,
descriptions
of
the
effects
of
earthquakes
were
being
published
around
the
world.
???
The
most
widely
felt
earthquakes
in
the
recorded
history
of
North
America
were
a
series
that
occurred
in
1811-1812
near
New
Madrid,
Missouri.
A
great
earthquake,
whose
magnitude
is
reported
to
have
been
about
8,
occurred
on
the
morning
of
December
16,
1811.
Another
great
earthquake
occurred
on
January
23,
1812,
and
a
third,
the
strongest
yet,
on
February
7,
1812.
Aftershocks
(余震)
were
nearly
continuous
between
these
great
earthquakes
and
continued
for
months
afterwards.
These
earthquakes
were
felt
by
people
as
far
away
as
Boston
and
Denver.
Because
the
population
in
these
regions
was
small,
the
destruction
of
human
life
and
property
was
slight.
???
The
San
Francisco
earthquake
of
1906
was
one
of
the
most
destructive
in
the
recorded
history
of
North
America——the
earthquake
and
the
fire
that
followed
killed
nearly
700
people
and
left
the
city
in
ruins.
1.
When
did
published
descriptions
of
the
effects
of
earthquakes
become
popular
in
the
world?
A.
In
the
1300s.
B.
In
the
1400s.
C.
In
the
1500s.
D.
In
the
1600s.
2.
What
do
we
know
about
the
earthquakes
in
1811-1812
in
North
America?
A.
They
killed
a
large
number
of
people.
B.
They
occurred
in
San
Francisco.
C.
They
could
be
felt
very
far
away.
D.
They
almost
destroyed
entire
cities.
3.
What
can
we
infer
from
the
passage?
A.
Few
earthquakes
were
scientifically
studied
before
the
18th
century.
B.
Earthquakes
can
be
avoided
with
the
development
of
technology.
C.
Most
of
the
early
earthquakes
caused
little
damage.
D.
People
haven't
found
the
causes
of
earthquakes
so
far.
4.
What's
the
best
title
for
this
passage?
A.
The
scientific
study
of
earthquakes
B.
Earthquakes
in
history
C.
The
effects
of
earthquakes
on
humans
D.
Why
earthquakes
occur
四、???
Mandara
seemed
to
know
something
big
was
about
to
happen.
So
she
let
out
a
yell,
caught
hold
of
her
2-year-old
daughter
Kibibi
and
climbed
up
into
a
tree.
She
lives
at
the
National
Zoo
in
Washington
D.C.
???
And
on
Tuesday,
August
23rd,
witnesses
said
she
seemed
to
sense
the
big
earthquake
that
shook
much
of
the
East
Coast
before
any
human
knew
what
was
going
on.
And
she
was
not
the
only
one.
In
the
moments
before
the
quake,
an
orangutan
(红毛猩猩)
let
out
a
loud
call
and
then
climbed
to
the
top
of
her
shelter.
???
"It's
very
different
from
their
normal
call,"
said
Brandie
Smith,
the
zookeeper.
"The
lemurs
(狐猴)
will
sound
an
alarm
if
they
see
or
hear
something
highly
unusual."
???
But
you
can't
see
or
hear
an
earthquake
15
minutes
before
it
happens,
can
you?
Maybe
you
can—if
you're
an
animal.
???
"Animals
can
hear
above
and
below
our
range
of
hearing,"
said
Brandie
Smith.
"That's
part
of
their
special
abilities.
They're
more
sensitive
to
the
environment,
which
is
how
they
survive."
???
Primates
weren't
the
only
animals
that
seemed
to
sense
the
quake
before
it
happened.
One
of
the
elephants
made
a
warning
sound
and
a
huge
lizard
(蜥蜴)
ran
quickly
for
cover.
The
flamingoes
(a
kind
of
bird)
gathered
before
the
quake
and
stayed
together
until
the
shaking
stopped.
???
So
what
kind
of
vibration
(震动)
were
the
animals
picking
up
in
the
moments
before
the
quake?
Scientist
Susan
Hough
said
earthquakes
produce
two
types
of
waves—a
weak
"P"
wave
and
then
a
much
stronger
"S"
wave.
The
"P"
stands
for
"primary"
and
the
"S"
stands
for
"secondary".
She
thought
the
"P"
wave
might
be
what
set
the
animals
off.
???
Not
all
the
animals
behaved
unusually
before
the
quake.
For
example,
Smith
said
the
zoo's
giant
pandas
didn't
jump
up
until
the
shaking
actually
began.
But
many
of
the
other
animals
seemed
to
know
something
was
coming
before
it
happened.
"I'm
not
surprised
at
all,"
said
Smith.
1.Why
did
Mandara
act
strangely
one
day?
A.Because
she
sensed
something
unusual
would
happen.
B.Because
her
daughter
Kibibi
was
injured.
C.Because
she
heard
an
orangutan
let
out
a
loud
call.
D.Because
an
earthquake
had
happened.
2.According
to
Brandie
Smith,
_____.
A.many
animals'
hearing
is
sharp
B.earthquakes
produce
two
types
of
waves
C.primates
usually
gather
together
before
a
quake
D.humans
can
also
develop
the
ability
to
sense
a
quake
3.Which
animal
seems
unable
to
sense
a
quake?
A.A
giant
panda.
B.A
flamingo.
C.A
lemur.
D.A
lizard.
4.What
is
the
best
title
for
the
passage?
A.How
animals
survive
a
quake
B.How
animals
differ
from
humans
C.How
animals
behave
before
a
quake
D.How
animals
protect
their
young
in
a
quake
五、???
Earthquake
can
strike
without
warning.
But
many
injuries
and
deaths
from
this
kind
of
natural
disaster
can
be
prevented
if
people
follow
these
safety
tips.
???
If
you're
inside
a
building,
stay
there!
One
of
the
most
dangerous
things
to
do
in
an
earthquake
is
to
try
to
leave
a
building.?①_____
Drop
to
the
ground.
Get
under
something
that
is
not
easily
damaged.
Hold
on
to
it
until
the
shaking
stops.
You
can
also
get
to
a
comer
formed
by
two
walls
with
your
arms
over
your
head.
If
you're
in
bed
when
the
earthquake
hits,
stay
there
and
protect
your
head
with
a
pillow.
????②_____
Don't
take
shelter
under
trees,
street
lights,
electric
poles
or
tall
buildings.
If
you
are
driving,
stop
as
quickly
as
possible
and
stay
away
from
overpasses
(立交桥),
buildings,
bridges
or
anything
else
that
might
fall
or
collapse
beneath
you.
③
_____
???
If
you
are
trapped
in
ruins,
cover
your
mouth
with
a
handkerchief
or
a
piece
of
cloth.
Use
your
cellphone
to
call
for
help
if
possible.
Don't
shout.?④_____
Tap
on
a
pipe
or
the
wall
so
rescuers
can
find
you.
???
Be
prepared
for
after
shocks.?⑤_____
However,
sometimes
they
even
happen
months
later.
Therefore,
if
you
are
not
in
a
safe
place
after
the
first
shock,
you
should
move
quickly
but
carefully
to
a
safer
place.
A.Don't
move
about
or
kick
up
dust.
B.If
you're
outside,
go
to
an
open
space.
C.Shouting
can
cause
you
to
breathe
in
dust.
D.Don't
park
your
car
under
a
tree
or
any
tall
object.
E.Take
a
good
hold
of
your
cellphone
in
the
building.
F.They
can
happen
in
the
first
hours
after
the
earthquake.
G.Most
injuries
happen
when
people
inside
buildings
try
to
go
out.
六、
???
Last
year,
I
told
my
family
that
I
didn't
want
or
need
anything
for
my
birthday.
Instead,
I???
1??
?them
to
think
of
a
way
to
share
a????2
??
in
their
world
for
me.
My
husband
and
my
daughter
did
something
different,
but????3
??.
???
The
week
of
my
birthday
my
husband
went
to
a
local
cafe
and
told
a
waitress
that
he
wanted
to????4
??
pay
for
the
breakfast
of
a
family.
The
waitress
was????5
??
and
said
it
was
her
last
day
working
there
and
this
had
never????6
??.
When
the
family
finished
eating,
the
waitress
told
them
their????7
??
had
been
paid.
The
mom
started
crying
and
the
dad
stood
up,
trying
to????8
??
who
might
have
done
it,
but
my
husband
was
outside????9
??
the
whole
thing.
He
told
me
he
had
such
a
wonderful
??
10
??
in
his
heart
and
he
would
like
to
??
11
??
it
a
few
more
times.
???
My
daughter
was
on
a
tight
budget
so
she
??
12
??
the
week
smiling
more
at
people,
and
letting
someone
go
before
her
at
the
market.
She
just
took
the
time
during
my
birthday
week
to
slow
down
and
be
??
13
???and
kind
to
a
stranger
and
her
co-workers.
???
When
we
finally
all
got
together
for
Mother's
Day
and
my
birthday,
everyone
was
in
tears
as
each
person
??
14
??
what
they
had
done.
As
you
can
see,
it
was
the
??
15
??
birthday
ever!
1.A.wanted????
B.encouraged????
C.ordered????
D.permitted
2.A.story???
B.feeling????
C.kindness????
D.responsibility
3.A.crazy????
B.wonderful????
C.interesting????
D.silly
4.A.partly????
B.normally????
C.quickly????
D.secretly
5.A.frightened????
B.satisfied????
C.surprised????
D.disappointed
6.A.failed????
B.mattered????
C.existed????
D.happened
7.A.coffee????
B.bill????
C.money????
D.lunch
8.A.find
out????
B.look????
C.think
of????
D.remember
9.A.watching????
B.listening????
C.asking????
D.telling
10.A.feeling????
B.day????
C.experience????
D.idea
11.A.say????
B.discuss????
C.do????
D.cost
12.A.wasted????
B.found????
C.took????
D.spent
13.A.healthy????
B.simply????
C.honest????
D.friendly
14.A.shared????
B.practiced????
C.recorded????
D.watched
15.A.biggest????
B.longest????
C.best????
D.quietest
七、
A
90-year-old
has
been
awarded
"Woman
Of
The
Year"
for
①
(be)
Britain's
oldest
full-time
employee
—
still
working
40
hours
a
week.
Now
Irene
Astbury
works
from
9am
to
5pm
daily
at
the
pet
shop
in
Macclesfield,
②
she
opened
with
her
late
husband
Les.
Her
years
of
hard
work
have
③_____(final)
been
acknowledged
after
a
customer
nominated
(提名)
her
to
be
Cheshire's
Woman
Of
The
Year.
Picking
up
her
"Lifetime
Achievement"
award,
proud
Irene
④
(declare)
she
had
no
plans
⑤_____
(retire)
from
her
36-year-old
business.
Irene
said,
"I
don't
see
any
reason
to
give
up
work.
I
love
coming
here
and
seeing
my
family
and
all
the
friends
I
⑥
(make)over
the
years.
I
work
not
because
I
have
to,
⑦
because
I
want
to.
"
Granddaughter
Gayle
Parks，31
—
who
works
alongside
her
in
the
family
business
—
said
it
remained
unknown
as
to
who
nominated
Irene
for
the
award
She
said,
"We
don't
have
any
idea
who
put
grandma
forward.
When
we
got
a
call
⑧
(say)
she
was
short-listed,
we
thought
it
was
⑨
joke.
But
then
we
got
an
official
letter
and
we
were
blown
away.
We
are
so
proud
of
her.
It's
⑩
(wonder)."
八、假定你是你校英语杂志特约小记者,上周你校开展了“爱心包裹”(Loving
Parcels)捐赠活动,给洪涝灾区的学生捐赠物品。请根据以下内容写一篇新闻报道。
活动内容:
???
1.?全校师生捐赠物品;
???
2.?填写爱心祝福卡片;
???
3.?将包裹寄给灾区学生。
注意:
???
1.?词数80左右;
???
2.?可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
九、阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
???
Most
of
the
survivors
have
to
stay
in
the
open
area
overnight
after
a
7.1-magnitude
quake
toppled(使倒塌)
houses,
cut
off
power
and
first-aid
materials'
supply
in
northwest
China's
Qinghai
Province
Wednesday
while
rescuers
face
difficulties
in
searching
for
the
buried.
???
Rescuers
have
set
up
more
than
40
tents
for
survivors
in
the
Gyegu
Town,
near
the
epicenter(震中)
in
the
Tibetan
Autonomous
Prefecture
of
Yushu
in
southern
Qinghai,
But
the
effort
seems
far
less
than
enough
for
the
area
inhabited
by
some
100,000
people.
???
Many
people
sought
temporary
shelters
in
buildings
that
remained
unaffected
by
the
tremor
(轻微地震).
???
In
the
yard
of
Yushu's
Sports
Committee,
nearly
1,000
people
were
sitting
or
lying
on
the
ground
in
sheer(完全的)
darkness.
Some
wrapped
themselves
up
with
quilts
taken
out
from
the
debris(残骸).
Some
brought
their
own
tents
and
others
turned
on
the
lights
of
motorcycles.
???
"I'm
hungry
and
thirsty.
We've
been
waiting
for
help
since
the
morning,"
said
Zhaxi
Toinzhub.
???
A
woman
said
her
three
children
were
still
buried
in
the
rubble
(瓦砾).
???
The
National
Meteorological
Station
forecast
on
Wednesday
that
temperatures
may
hit
minus
3
degrees
Celcius
at
night
and
15
degrees
Celcius
in
the
daytime
in
the
coming
days.
???
The
town
will
see
strong
winds
and
sunny
weather
in
the
coming
days,
providing
favorable
conditions
for
rescue
operations.
???
The
town
is
located
in
a
remote
area
in
Qinghai
and
the
quake
and
ensuing(随后的)
landslides
have
damaged
roads,
causing
great
difficulties
for
rescuers
and,
especially,
machines
from
outside
to
enter
the
region.
???
"Rescuers
had
to
dig
with
bare
hands
or
iron
sticks
on
Wednesday,
looking
forward
to
the
arrival
of
digging
machines,'
said
a
rescuer
surnamed
Wang,
who
was
working
at
a
collapsed
hostel.
???
"The
searching
operation
became
even
harder
at
night
without
lighting
facilities,"
he
said.
????In
addition,
rescuers
may
easily
get
exhausted
working
at
a
place
with
an
altitude(海拔)
of
above
4,000
meters.
???
Thousands
of
rescuers
and
medical
staff
are
rushing
to
Yushu
from
many
regions
of
China,
bringing
machines,
disaster-relief
materials
and
medicines
to
the
quake-hit
town.
The
government,
organizations,?enterprises
and
individuals
are
offering
donations
of
money
and
materials
to
the
region.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
一、答案：1-3
AAD
解析：1.细节理解题.根据文章第一段可知,三月下旬内布拉斯加州遭遇了洪水灾害,当时的情况是十分糟糕和悲惨的,
terrible意为"糟糕的".
故选A.
2.细节理解题.根据第三段中
When
I
attempted
to
get
some
animals
out
of
their
pens
(畜栏),
they
wouldn't
come
out.
可知,她想从畜栏里救出一些动物,可是它们不愿出来,由此可知,她的努力白费了.故选A.
3.主旨大意题.通读全文可知,本文主要讲在洪水来临时志愿者帮助那些受难者(包括人和动物)渡过难关,D项作为标题最合适.
二、答案：1-4
ADCA
解析：1.A主旨大意题。第二段中通过列举一系列数字表明，加利福尼亚州的大树减少的严重性，故A项正确。
2.D推理判断题。文章第三段提到了造成加利福尼亚州的大树
减少的三个因素：woodcutters,
housing
development
与
aggressive
wildfire
control。前两个因素直接与大树的减少有关，如果能控制
住，大树就不会减少；而第三个因素——控制野火的措施使得加
利福尼亚州的森林里满是跟大树争夺资源的小树，初衷是为了控制野火，这是好的，实则对大树不利，故D项正确（好心办坏事）。
3.C细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的"...the
biggest
factors
driving
up
water
stress
in
the
state
have
been
rising
temperatures..."
可知，水不足的主要原因就是气温升高（rising
temperatures),即
更加温暖的气候，故C项正确。
4.A标题归纳题。本文是一篇调查报告，第一段就点出主题：
California
has
lost
half
its
big
trees
since
the
1930s。
后面具体分析
了加利福尼亚州大树的现状、造成大树减少的原因等，A项作为
标题最合适。
三、答案：1-4
DCAB
解析：1.
D
根据第二段最后一句
"By
the
17th
century,
descriptions
of
the
effects
of
earthquakes
were
being
published
around
the
world."
可知，
答案为D。
2.
C
根据第三段中的
"These
earthquakes
were
felt
by
people
as
far
away
as
Boston
and
Denver."
可知，答案为
C。
3.
A
根据第一段中的"Until
the
18th
century,
few
factual
descriptions
of
earthquakes
were
recorded..."
可推断，答案为
A。
4.
B通读全文可知，本文简要介绍了历史上有记载的几次大地震，
故答案为B。
四、答案：1-4
AAAC
解析：1.细节理解题.根据第一段第一句
Mandara
seemed
to
know
something
big
was
about
to
happen.可知,一天,
Mandara表现得很奇怪是因为它感觉有什么严重的事情要发生,故选A项.
2.细节理解题.根据第五段
"Animals
can
hear
above
and
below
our
range
of
hearing,"
said
Brandie
Smith.
"That's
part
of
their
special
abilities.
They're
more
sensitive
to
the
environment,
which
is
how
they
survive."
可知Brandie
Smith认为许多动物的听觉很敏锐,故选A项.
3.推理判断题.根据最后一段前两句
Not
all
the
animals
behaved
unusually
before
the
quake.
For
example,
Smith
said
the
zoo's
giant
pandas
didn't
jump
up
until
the
shaking
actually
began.
可知在地震之前,大熊猫并没有表现异常,由此推断出大熊猫不能感知地震,故选A项.
4.主旨大意题.这篇文章主要介绍了在地震前一些动物的表现,有些动物对地震敏感,而有些动物对地震没有感觉,故选C项.
五、答案：①-⑤
GBDCF
解析：①根据空前的两句可知,发生地震时最危险的事情之一是试图从建筑物里逃出来,因此此空应介绍这样做的后果,即容易受伤.故选G.
②根据空后的under
trees,
street
lights,
electric
poles
or
tall
buildings
可知这里说的是室外的情况,因此设空处的内容应该是:要是在室外,去一个宽阔的地方.故选B.
③前面谈论的是驾驶时发生地震需要如何做,此空承接上句,应该说明不要把车停在树下或高大的物体下面.故选D.
④本段主要谈论的是如果被困在废墟中该如何做.根据空前的Don't
shout.
可知后一句应该是解释大声喊会带来什么后果,故选C.
⑤根据空后的However,
sometimes
they
even
happen
months
later.
可知前面要说的是余震可能会在地震后几小时内发生,故选F.
六、答案：1-5.ACBDC;
6-10.DBAAA;
11-15.CDDAC
解析：1.根据上文的I
told
my
family
that
I
didn't
want
or
need
anything
for
my
birthday可知此处用wanted,属于原词复现。
2.根据下文内容可知,作者的丈夫和女儿都做了好事,故此处用kindness,且下文的be???
13??
?and
kind
to
a
stranger
and
her
co-workers也有暗示。
3.丈夫和女儿做了不同的事,但都是很棒的善举,此处用wonderful符合语境。
4.我生日的那周,丈夫去了当地一家咖啡馆,并告诉服务员他想秘密地为一个家庭付早餐钱。根据下文的trying
to???
8??
?who
might
have
done
it可知这家人不知道是谁付了早餐,故用secretly。
5.结合常识可知,听到要为陌生家庭付早餐的想法,大部分人会感到惊讶,故选C。
6.结合上下文可知,此处是指帮别人付钱的事在这个咖啡馆是第一次发生,以前从来没有发生(happened)过。
7.结合上文pay
for
the
breakfast
of
a
family可知,此处考查短语pay
the
bill(付款/买单)。
8.那位父亲站起来试图找出(find
out)是谁做了这件事,而我的丈夫站在外面观察着整件事。
9.结合上下文可知,此处是指作者的丈夫付款之后到店外观察(watching)事情的发展,故选A项。
10.结合上下文可知,此处是指作者的丈夫因为帮助了别人心里有一种很棒的感觉(feeling)。
11.此处是指作者的丈夫以后还想做(do)这种帮助别人的事情。
12.我女儿的手头很紧,所以她花这周的时间多向别人微笑,在超市里时让别人先走。spend...
in
doing
sth.表示“花……来做某事”。
13.她在我生日那周减缓速度,而且友好善良地对待陌生人和她的同事。根据kind可知此处用friendly符合语境。
14.由语境可知,此处是指在作者生日的那天,他们一家把这周自己所做的好事分享(shared)给大家。
15.结合上句内容可知,作者的丈夫和女儿都做了自己力所能及的好事,作为作者的生日礼物,故推测作者很开心,认为这是最好的(best)生日,故选C项。
七、答案：①being;
②which;
③finally;
④declared;
⑤to
retire;
⑥have
made;
⑦but;
⑧saying;
⑨a;⑩
wonderful
解析：①考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词for可知，此处用动名词形式作宾语，故填being。
②考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为the
pet
shop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened一词的宾语，故用which。
③考查副词用法。根据空格所处位置可知，此处应用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词have
been
acknowledged，意为“最终得以认可”，故填finally。
④考查谓语动词。根据上下文可知，该句主语为Irene，此处为谓语成分，根据后文had
以及said
可知用一般过去时态，故填declared。
⑤考查不定式作定语。此处用to
do
sth做后置定语,用来修饰前面的名词plan,表示“…的计划”，故填to
retire。
⑥考查动词时态。根据该定于从句中的时间状语“over
the
years”可知，此处用现在完成时态，句意：我喜欢到这里来看看我的家人和我这些年来交到的朋友们。故填have
made。
⑦考查并列连词。根据句意逻辑可知，此处为转折关系，句意：我工作不是因为我不得不做，而是因为我想做。此处用but与前文not
呼应，构成“不是…而是
…”之意，故填but。
⑧考查非谓语动词。根据其后所接的宾语从句可知，此处用现在分词形式saying作后置定语，解释名词call的内容，call与say是主动关系，故填saying。
⑨考查冠词用法。根据句意“我们还以为这是一个玩笑”
可知，此处joke为泛指，故填a。
⑩考查形容词作表语。根据句子结构可知，在系动词is之后用形容词形式作表语，故填wonderful。
八、答案：
Loving
Parcels
???
In
order
to
help
the
students
in
the
flood
area,
our
school
held
a
"Loving
Parcels"
donation
activity
last
week.
???
All
of
the
teachers
and
students
took
an
active
part
in
the
activity.
They
donated
their
clothes,
books,
and
schoolbags
and
all
of
them
were
badly
needed.
In
addition,
they
also
wrote
down
the
best
wishes
to
those
students
on
cards,
which
would
be
collected
and
delivered
to
the
schools
that
were
affected
by
the
flood.
???
Not
only
did
the
activity
help
us
express
our
care
for
the
students
and
send
our
sincere
wishes
to
them
but
it
also
taught
us
that
we
should
value
what
we
have.
九、答案：???
A
7.1-magnitude
earthquake
hit
Yushu,
Qinghai
on
Wednesday,
forcing
survivors
to
stay
outside
overnight
or
rely
on
temporary
shelters
due
to
the
limited
tents.
Despite
the
favorable
weather
condition,
the
damaged
roads,
lack
of
facilities
and
the
high
altitude
are
causing
greater
difficulties
for
the
rescuing
work.
Luckily,
a
lot
of
rescue
workers
and
disaster-relief
materials
are
being
sent
to
Yushu.
