2021年中考英语二轮专题复习讲义第9讲 并列句、复合句和连词 （含答案）

1193800012179300英语教师讲义
学员姓名： 年 级： 九年级
科目：英语 学科教师：
课程主题：并列句、复合句和连词
授课时间：
学习目标
1、掌握并列句和复合句的定义
2、掌握并列连词和从属连词的含义和用法
教学内容
1、回顾上节课重难点
2、讲解上节课作业
1、合并句子：
Crystal is a girl.
Crystal is beautiful.
答案：Crystal is a beautiful girl.
Crystal is a girl and she is beautiful.
Crystal is a girl who is beautiful.
分析三个句子异同。
一、连词
1. 并列连词：
(l)表示并列关系的连词：and, both. . and, neither...nor...,not only…but also, as well as等。
(2)表示转折关系的并列连词有：but, yet, while, however等。
(3)表示因果关系的并列连词：so, for, because等。
(4)表示选择关系的并列连词有：or, either…or…等。
2. 从属连词：
(1)引导时间状语从句的从属连词：when, before, after, until, as soon as等。
(2)引导条件状语从句的从属连词：if, unless。
(3)引导原因状语从句的从属连词：because, as, since。
(4)引导结果状语从句的从属连词：so…that., such…that.
(5)引导让步状语从句的从属连词：though/although, even if。
(6)引导目的状语从句的从属连词：so that, in order that。
(7)引导比较状语从句的从属连词：as…as…, not as /so… as., less…than...,more… than.。
(8)引导宾语从句的从属连词：that, when, where, who, why, what, if, whether等。
(9)引导定语从句的从属连词：that, who, whom, which, where等。
例题精讲
1、______ my father ______my mother is able to use a computer. However, I can.
A. Both; and B. Neither; nor C. Either; or D. Not only; but also
【解析】B both… and“……和……两者都”；neither...nor“既不……也不……”；either…or…“要么……要么……”；not only… but also…“不仅……, 而且……”。由后句句意“然而我会”表明前句应表达“我父亲和母亲两人都不会用电脑”。故选B项。
2、---I hear _____your grandpa _______your grandma enjoy watching Beijing Opera.
--- Right, just as many old people do.
A. both; and B. neither; nor C. either; or D. not only; but also
【解析】 A 本题考查连词短语的用法辨析。从回答。”对, 正如许多老年人一样。”得知爷爷和奶奶都喜欢看京剧。由于动词enjoy是主语为复数时的形式, 所以选A。
二、并列句
并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句连接而成。并列句中各简单句的地位同等重要, 相互之间是平行并列的关系。
1. 构成：简单句十并列连词十简单句。
2. 常见的用于连接两个简单句的并列连词有：and, but, or, so, for。
(l) and意为“和；并且”, 表示顺延、并列关系。如：
My mother is a nurse’ and my father is a driver.我母亲是护士, 父亲是司机。
(2) but意为“但是”, 表示转折关系。如：
He got up early, but he missed the bus.他虽然早起了, 但还是错过了汽车。
(3) or意为“否则；或者”, 表示选择关系。如：
Hurry up, or you'll be late.快点, 否则你要迟到了。
(4) so意为“所以；因此；于是”, for意为“因为”, 二者都表示因果关系。如：
He was ill, so he didn't go to work.他病了, 所以没去上班。
注意以下要点：
①both…and… 连接主语时, 谓语动词用复数形式。
②neither…nor…,not only….but also…, either.. . or...连接主语时, 谓语动词遵循“就近原
则”。
③as well as连接主语时, 谓语动词与前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
④so与because, but与although/though不能同时出现在一个句子中, 二者只能选其一。
⑤and用于肯定句中, or用于否定句或选择疑问句中。
⑥“祈使句and+陈述句”：在这里祈使句相当于if引导的条件状语从句(但此时去掉and)。如：
Use your head, and you will find a way. = If you use your head, you will find a way.
动脑筋, 你会想出一个办法的。
⑦“祈使句or+陈述句”：在这里祈使句相当于if引导的条件状语从句(但此时去掉or)。如：
Work hard, or you'11 fail the exam. = f you don't work hard, you'll fail the exam.
如果你不努力学习, 你考试会不及格。
例题精讲
1、Give me another chance,__________ I'll give you all a wonderful surprise.
A. and B. or C. so D. but
【解析】A句意：再给我一个机会, 我会给你们所有人一个大惊喜。前后句是并列关系, 故选A项。
2 Taxi Apps（找车软件）can help us travel around more easily. _____
more and more people like using them.
A. Or B. So C. And D. But
【解析】B本题考查并列连词的用法区别。句意：打车软件使我们到处旅游更加方便, 所以越来越多的人喜欢用它。故选B。
三、复合句
由一个主句或者一个以上的从句构成的句子叫复合句, 初中英语涉及的复合句主要有宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句。
A. 宾语从句
在复合句中起宾语作用的从句称为宾语从句。
中考对宾语从句考查的重点是引导词、时态和语序。
1. 引导词：
①由陈述句变来的宾语从句, 用连词that等引导, that在口语中常被省略。
②由一般疑问句和选择疑问句变来的宾语从句, 用if或whether引导。if和whether -般情况下可以互换, 但在构成whether., . or not句式时只用whether。
③由特殊疑问句变来的宾语从句, 用特殊疑问句引导.
2语序：无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句, 宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序, 即“主语在前, 谓语在后”的顺序。
如：Could you tell me how I can get to the hospital?
I don't know where Mr Green lives.
注意：有些特殊疑问句本身是陈述句语序。如：
What's wrong with.?/What's the matter.?／Which is the way to.?/What happened to.?
3, 时态：
①当主句是一般现在时, 宾语从句的时态不作限制, 我们可以根据句子的意思来使用所需要的任何一种时态。
②当主句是一般过去时的时候, 宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态, 从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。
③当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时, 就不用受到主句时态的限制, 仍使用一般现在时态。
例题精讲
---What are you thinking about?
---I am wondering ________the senior high school entrance examination.
A. how many days are there away from
B. how many days there are away from
C. how many days is there away from
D. how many days there is away from
【解析】B本题考查特殊疑问句作宾语从句时的语序用法。A和C项语序错误, 它们都是疑问句的语序, 故排除；how many days是复数, 故选B项。
B. 状语从句
状语从句在句中充当状语, 用来修饰主句中的谓语动词、形容词、副词或整个句子, 补充说明时间、地点、原囚、方式、条件、程度、状态等。
1. 时间状语从句
连接词有when, as, while, after, before, since, as soon as, till, until等。
注意：当主句是一般将来时态或祈使句, 表示将来的意义时, 从句用一般现在时替代一般将来时, 简称“主将从现”。如：
I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing.我一到北京就打电话给你。
2. 条件状语从句
引导词有if, as/so long as, unless等。在条件状语从句中, 主句与从句的时态也遵循“主将从现”的原则。如：
We'll go to the park if it doesn't rain tomorrow. 如果明天不下雨, 我们就去公园。
3. 原因状语从句
引导词有because, since, as等。如：
He didn't come because he was ill.他没来因为他病了。
4. 目的状语从句
引导词有so that, in order that等。如：
We used the computer in order that we might save time.
我们使用电脑是为了节省时间。
5. 结果状语从句
引导词有so…that/such...that等。如：
He worked so hard that he made great progress. 他学习这么努力, 以至取得了巨大进步。
She is such a kind girl that she is always ready to help others.
她是这么善良的女孩, 总是乐于帮助他人。
6. 让步状语从句
引导词有although/though, whatever, whenever 等。如：
Although he is young, he knows a lot. 虽然他年龄小, 但他知道很多事。
7. 比较状语从句
引导词有than, as…as, not as…as等。如：Bob is shorter than I am. 鲍勃比我矮。
注意：
①because与so; although/though和but不能在一个句子中同时使用
②so… that句型的否定形式可用简单句too…to或not...enough to代替
③so that驯导的目的状语从句可用in order to 转换为简单句。
例题精讲
The programme “Running Man” has been hot on screen recently _______ some pop stars bring the audience a lot of fun.
A. until B. because C. though D. unless
【解析】B until‘‘直到……”；because‘‘因为”；though“虽然”；unless“除非”。根据句意“最近《跑男》这个节目在荧屏上很火是因为一些明星给观众带来了许多乐趣”可知选B项。
C. 定语从句
在复合句中作定语、用来修饰句子中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。放在名词或代词后面, 被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词；引导定语从句的连接词称为引导词, 其中that、which、who称为关系代词。中考重点考查由that, which, who引导的定语从句。
1. 定语从句的基本结构：先行词十关系代词十从句
2. 关系代词的基本用法
先行词
关系代词
作用
例句
人
who, whom ,
主语, 宾语, 表语
She is the girl that/who wants to see you.
她是想见依的那个女孩。
He is the boy(that/who/that/ whom) I saw yesterday. 他是我昨天见到的那个男孩。
物
which/that
主语, 宾语, 表语
This is the book that/which you want.
这就是你想要的那本书。
3. 当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时, 从句的谓语必须与先行词保持一致。如：
They are the people who are interested in it. 他们就是对此事感兴趣的人。
4. 当关系代词在从句中作主语时, 不能省略；作宾语时, 可以省略。
This is the gift (that) my sister bought for me yesterday.
这就是我姐姐昨天给我买的礼物。
5. 只能用that的情况：
(l)当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰。
(2)先行词同时包括人或物时。
(3)当先行词是all, any, few, little, none, anything, everything, nothing或被它们修饰时。
如：This is the best film that I have seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。
Being blind is something that most people can't imagine,
失明是大多数人不能想象的事。
They loved the people and places that they visited.
他们喜爱上了他们访问过的人和地方。
例题精讲
1、---What are you doing?
---I'm reading the book__________ you lent me last week
A. what B. who C. when D. that
【解析】 D 考察定语从句用法。先行词the book是物, 题目中做lend宾语, 因此用that。
2 Have you ever heard of the news ________is about the Strawberry Concert?
A. who B. what C. which D. when
【解析】C考查定语从句的引导词。the news为先行词, 引导词应用that或which, 所以选C句意：你曾听说过关于草莓音乐会的消息吗？
1. ---I don't know Kate's address. Do you know ___________?
--- Sorry, I don't know, either.
A. why she lives there B. why does she live there
C. where she lives D. where does she live
2. I know he's been curious about everything, but that's ______ . Be patient!
A. what do kids like B. what kids like
C. what are kids like D. what kids are like
3. I think you should complain, ________, of course, you are happy with the situation.
A unless B however C. until D. though
4. ---Jenny, will you leave for the USA now?
--- No. It will be two weeks ___________ I leave here.
A. until B. since C. before D. when
5. --- I'm going to give a talk on the Dragon Boat Festival to the exchange students.
--- Great! But don't forget to tell them ___________.
A. what should they eat at the festival B. why people enjoy the full moon
C. what kind of race is often held D. how do people celebrate it
6. --- I saw David in the teachers' office this morning. Do you know ______ he was there?
--- He went there to hand in his homework
A how B; whether C. when D. why
7. You'd better travel around Nanjing with a local tour guide ________ you want to know more about its culture.
A. unless B. until C. although D. if
8. --- Do you know _________ Dengchao is?
--- He is an actor. He is the team leader in the popular reality TV show Running Man now.
A. which B. when C. what D. how
9. --- Can you tell me ____________? I want to pay a visit to him.
--- He just lives opposite our school.
A. where does Jim live B. where did Jim live
C. where Jim lives D. where Jim lived
10. --- I'd like you to talk about the Great Wall.
--- I'm sorry, but ________ Jack ________ I have been there.
A neither; nor B either; or C. not only; but also D. both; and
11. --- Does your school hold the raising of the national flag every Monday morning?
--- Yes, _________ it rains heavily.
A. if B. since C. because D. unless
12. --- Mum, the visit to the science museum is so wonderful.
--- Really? Could you tell me______________?
A. that you did and saw there B. when you come back
C. how did you get there D. if you saw models of spacecraft there
13. --- Doctor, I've got a headache.
--- Don't worry. Just take some medicine, ________you'll be OK again
A. and B. but C. so D. or
14. There are fewer and fewer tigers in India. The situation will continue ________humans stop hunting them for their fur and bones.
A if B unless C. because D. since
15. --- Could you tell me ___________?
--- Sometimes, if I have time.
how often you go to see a film
how long you do your homework
C. how much time you spend on your hobbies
D. how soon will you go to see your grandparents
16. --- This is between you and me.
---I promise. I won't tell others ___________ you say I can.
A unless B or C. since D. and
17. In the UK, a Lady usually doesn't like to be asked_______________.
A. whether has she got married B. how old is she
C. where she comes from D. how much she weighs
18. Don't go out ________ the rain stops. Otherwise, you'll get wet!
A. after B. since C. when D. until
19. --- What time shall we leave for the airport?
--- It's foggy today. I'm not sure ________be closed soon Let's go now.
A. whether the highway will B. whether will the highway
C. when the highway will D. when will the highway
20. My grandfather doesn't have any hobbies _______you call playing cards a hobby.
A. if B. when C. since D. unless
21. --- You are wanted on the phone.
--- ____________ nobody knows I'm here.
A. And B. But C. So D. Or
22. Pandas are facing danger! The situation won't change humans stop killing.
A. unless B. though C. if D. after
23. _________ Ms Zhou ________ Mr Li is humorous. They are popular among us students.
A Both, and B Neither; nor C. Either; or D. Not only; but also
24. --- Could you please tell me ______________?
--- By taking an online tour.
A. in which way can I improve my writing skills
B. how I can travel around the world in eight hours
C. what places of interest we can visit at a time
D. how should I get some more useful information
25. He hasn't got any hobbies __________you call watching TV a hobby.
A. while B. unless C. as D. if
26. --- Excuse me, could you tell me _____________ ?
--- In five minutes.
A. how soon will the film begin B. how soon the film will begin
C. how long the film has been on D. how long has the film been on
27. Hi, Jim. I hear that you've just come back from Sanya. I'm calling to ask__________.
A. how did you visit the city B. how many days you've spent there
C. which hotel you stayed in Sanya D. how you found the seafood there
28. You can join the Reading Club ______ you can go to the Dancing Club. Either is OK.
A. and B. or C. but D. so
29. --- Do you know _____________ second-hand smoke?
--- To protect our health and memory.
A. how we should prevent B. where should we prevent
C. why we should prevent D. whether we should prevent
30. I'm going to take him to some famous hutongs ________ he can learn more about China
A because B. when C. so that D. as if
31. _______ Lin Fang has to work late, she always wears a smile on her face.
A. Because B. If C. Until D. Though
32. --- David, could you tell me _____________?
--- Every four years.
A. when the 2019 World Cup will finish
B. how often the World Cup takes place
C. how many teams take part in the World Cup
D. who may score the most goals in the 2019 World Cup
33. Read this article, _____you will understand that not everything can be bought with money.
A. or B. and C. but D. so
34. ---I don't understand __________ .
---- I'm sorry. But I was doing my homework.
A. why you didn't watch the football match
B. why didn't you watch the football match
C. why you don't watch the football match
D. why don't you watch the football match
35. ---Could you tell me _____________.
--- Sure. Walk straight along this street and you'll find it.
A. how can I get to the post office B. where is the post office
C. which is the way to the post office D. how far the post office is
36. I think that studying in pairs or groups is necessary ___________ you want to learn from each other in class.
A. though B. until C. unless D. if
37. --- Can you tell me ____________?
--- He is kind and generous. He always helps others.
A. what your buddy likes B. what your buddy is like
C. what does your buddy look like D. what does your buddy like
38. On those foggy days, you could hardly see anything around you _____ it was at noon.
A. so B. because C. but D. though
39. --- Could you tell me ______________?
--- At a robot shop.
A. where did Mr Jiang buy the robot B. where Mr Jiang bought the robot
C. why Mr Jiang bought the robot D. why did Mr Jiang buy the robot
40. Prince George is _____ lovely that many people like him very much.
A. very B. such C. as D. so
答案
1-5. CDACC 6-10. DDCCA 11-15. DDABA
1620. ADDAD 21-25. BADBB 26-30. BDBCC
31-35. DBBAC 36-40. DBDBD
梳理连词的用法
梳理并列句
梳理复合句中的连接词等。
1. ---Jack, could you tell me ____________ this summer?
--- We plan to go and see the beautiful sea in Hainan.
A. where your family will go B. how will your family go
C. how your family will go D. where will your family go
2. I really like the photo of my family _______ my sister took in the city park last year.
A. who B. what C. which D. whom
3. --- Could you please tell me ____________in America? \
--- On the fourth Thursday in November.
A. when is Thanksgiving Day B. when Thanksgiving Day is
C. what they eat on Thanksgiving Day D. how did they celebrate Thanksgiving Day
4. I was told to meet Mr White at the airport. But I don't know________he will arrive
A when B how C where D. why
5. --- Could you tell me ____________?
--- In two years.
A. how soon was Lianyungang-Shanghai high railway built
B. how often Lianyungang-Shanghai high railway will be built
C. how long would Lianyungang-Shanghai high railway be in service
D. how soon Lianyungang-Shanghai high railway will be built
6. --- The art festival will be held on time ___________it rains.
--- Oh. let's listen to the weather forecast right now.
A as B if C until D. unless
7. Mrs White walks a dog in the park nearby every morning ______it's rainy or windy.
A. since B. because C. unless D. until
8. ---Excuse me, could you tell me_____________?
--- Of course. It's ten minutes' ride from here.
where is Mazhou Park
how I can get to Mazhou Park
how far my trip is to Mazhou Park
how long it will take me to Jingjiang
People's Hospital
9. --- Could you tell me_____________ ?
---- By getting online and typing the information you want to search for.
A. how to get the information quickly B. if I can get the information quickly
C. where can I get the information quickly D. how can I get the information quickly
10. ---Pollution is terrible in China these years.
--- It will be worse ____________ we take action to protect the environment.
A. if B. unless C. until D. when
11. The Gree Company is developing a new kind of machine ________can cool down our
rooms more quickly.
A. who B. what C. whom D. which
12. --- I don't understand __________________.
--- I'm sorry. But l was helping my mother do the housework.
A. why you didn't watch the wonderful basketball final
B. why didn't you watch the wonderful basketball final
C. why you don't watch the wonderful basketball final
D. why don't you watch the wonderful basketball final
13. --- Every day, my mother tries to spare some time to chat with me______ she is very tired after a whole day's hard work.
--- How great she is!
A. unless B. whether C. although D. until
14. --- You have been to Yangzhou recently. What do you think of Yangzhou?
----I like it very much. Yangzhou is the most beautiful place ______ I have ever been to.
A. which B. that C. where D. who
15. --- Is this the only song __________won him a lot of fans?
--- Yes, you're right.
A. which B. that C. who D.／
16. Hurry up, ________ you will miss the train.
A. and B. but C. or D. so
17. --- Could you tell me______________?
--- I'm not sure. Maybe next week.
A. when he came here B. when he will come back
C. how long he will live here D. how long he has been here
18. --- Could you tell me ___________ yuanxiao in China?
----Usually at the Lantern Festival.
when do people eat B. how do people eat
C. when people eat D. how people eat
19. --- Could you tell me ____________? I am going to pick you up at the airport.
--- At 15：45 this Friday.
A. where you meet me B. who you are coming with
C. when you came here D. what time you are arriving
20. Scientists say it may be five or six years _________ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.
A. since B. after C .before D. when
21. --- Excuse me, could you tell me_____________ ?
--- There's an e-shop on the third floor. You can make it there.
A. how to arrive the e-shop B. how can I go to the e-shop
C. where I can have my MP4 repaired D. which was the way to the e-shop
22. _________ he is only 12, he often goes to the old people's home to perform plays for the old people as a volunteer.
A. If B. Since C. Though D. Because
23. ---Sometimes _______ you know when an idiom（习语）is used, you can't easily understand what you read.
---I think so.
A. unless B. as soon as C. if D. when
24. --- What are you doing, Jack?
--- I'm looking for some information about famous people________ can help make a poster.
A. who B. what C. whom D. that
25. ---- Can you tell me ____________ ?
---- This afternoon.
A. when we will try Nanjing Metro Line 3
B. where we can take Nanjing Metro Line 3
C. how many stations Nanjing Metro Line 3 has
D. whether Nanjing Metro Line 3 has come into use
26. __________we are tired out, we still keep working hard towards our dreams.
A. If B. Unless C. Though D. Because
27. --- What do you think of the book?
--- Wonderful. _________ he children _________their father like to read it.
A. Not only; but also B. Either; or C. Both; and D. Neither; nor
28. --- I hear Sam has gone to Qingdao for his holiday.
--- Oh, how nice! Do you know when he____________ ?
A. left B. was leaving C. has left D. had left
29. Mr Green felt surprised and wondered ____________.
A. when did she come back home B. who did the cleaning this morning
C. how could I get to the post office D. why they finish the work so early
30. Eric will never win a gold in the swimming race_____________ he works hard.
A. if B. when C. unless D. since
31. --- Could you tell me __________?
--- In less than a month.
A. how often he came to visit his parents B. when he will start his holiday
C. when would he buy CDs for us D. how soon he will be here
32. ___________ jeans were invented over 100 years ago, they're still in fashion today.
A Because B. If C Although D. Since
33. --- What are you looking for?
--- I'm looking for the ring ______ my husband bought me last year.
A. which B. who C. what D. it
34. It's ten years ___________ he came to our country.
A since B when C although D. if
35. Don't you remember the first example _______ Mr Green gave you last time, dear?
A. what B. which C. who D. that
36. I won't take part in Julia's wedding __________ I am invited.
A unless B. after C. because D. if
37. --- Would you please tell me ________________?
--- At 10: 00 this evening.
A. when will the train leave B. when the train will leave
C. when does the train leave D. when the train leave
38. They are talking about things and persons __________ they knew when they were young.
A. that B. which C. who D. what
39. Many people ____________ think humans are the only animals can make and use tools.
A whom B what C that D. which
40. Andrew asked Mia to have a dinner, but Mia is wondering ______ she should say yes.
A. that B. what C. if D. who
答案1-5. ACBAD 6-10. DCCAB 11-15. DACBB
16-20. CBCDC 21-25. CCADA 26-30. CCABC
31-35. DCAAD 36-40. ABACC