2021年中考英语二轮专题复习讲义 第18讲 书面表达（一）（含答案）

英语教师讲义
学员姓名： 年 级：
科 目：英语 学科教师：
课程主题： 书面表达（一）
授课时间：
学习目标
1.掌握作文常见连接词和常用句型。
2.掌握发言稿类作文写作思路。
教学内容

上次课内容回顾

写作表达技巧分析
一、认真审题，确定时态人称，同时关注题材格式
(1)时态：
故事性文章一般用过去时，其中表达感受时可用现在时。
说明性或议论性文章一般用现在时，举例时可用过去时。
根据题目要求也会出现时态的交错使用，如过去和现在的对比等。
如果句中出现了时间状语，时态则要遵循时间状语。

(2)人称：注意在句子中人称的统一。
例如：Thanks to the teachers， we have improved our English.
其中we和our就是人称的统一。
格式：注意书信格式的开头和结尾。
二、找全信息点，紧扣主题，突出重点
切忌只看表格中或所列1、2、3中的信息点。一定把题读全，找齐信息点，建议用铅笔标出。根据题目，可适当增加合理内容。特别注意文章要有开头和结尾。
三、成文时表述正确，文字流畅
　　切忌与汉语提示的一一对应，使用所学表达方法将语义表达出来即可。
　　首先考虑句子结构(如主谓宾，主系表等)。
同时注意短语的正确使用和单词的拼写，最好使用课本上学过的短语和句式。
四、文章结构清晰，重点句型出彩，可使文章在得分上提高一个档次
考虑文章的篇章结构，使用适当的连接短语，使文章结构紧凑。
五、认真检查，检查信息点是否全面，时态、人称是否一致，句子结构是否清晰，短语使用、单词拼写是否准确等。
常用连接词：
1. 表文章结构顺序：First of all，Firstly/First，Secondly/Second…
And then，Finally，In the end，At last
2. 表并列补充关系的：What’s more，Besides，Moreover，
3. 表转折对比关系的：However，but
Although/Though/ Even though(尽管) +clause(从句)，
Some…，while others…
4. 表因果关系的：Because，So，As a result（所以）
5. 表换一种方式表达：In other words（换句话说）= That’s to say……
6. 表进行举例说明：For example+句子; such as+n / doing
7. 表陈述事实：In fact
8. 表达自己观点：As far as I am concerned，In my opinion (据我所知，在我看来)
9. 表总结：In short，In a word，In conclusion （总的来说）
★加分点：文中正确使用两三个好的句型，如：宾语从句、状语从句、动名词做主语等。
宾语从句举例：
I believe Tianjin will be more beautiful and prosperous.
状语从句举例：
If everyone does something for the environment, our hometown will become clean and beautiful.
动名词做主语举例：
Reading books in the sun is bad for our eyes. = It‘s bad for our eyes to read books in the sun.
常用状语从句句型：
1)时间when，not…until，as soon as
2)目的so that+clause; to do/in order to do ( 为了)
3)结果so…that+clause，too…to do(太……以至于……),
adj./adv+enough to do sth.
4)条件if，unless(除非)
5)让步though，although，even though
6)比较as…as…，not so…as…，than
常用宾语从句句型：
我认为，……? / 我认为……不?? I think / I don't think that …
常用其他从句句型：
A) 如果你不……，你就会……??? If you don't ..., you'll ...
例︰If you don't keep working hard, you'll lose the chance.
B) 如此 ……，以至于……???? so … that …
例：At that moment, I was so upset that I wanted to give up.
C) 主语+现在完成式+since +主语+过去式
例：Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard.
中考英语作文万能句
1. 表建议句型：
had better (not) do 最好(不)做
Meanwhile(同时),…is also a good way for you.
2. 表示喜欢和感兴趣
enjoy doing
be crazy about/doing 痴迷于…
would rather do A than do / prefer doing A to doing B
宁愿做A也不愿做B
be interested in doing = show/ take great interest in sth/ doing ?
3.??努力做… ?
try one’s best to do = do one’s best to do 竭尽全力做…
make efforts to do 尽力做…
4. 打算做… / 计划做… ?
decide to do / make a decision to do决定做…
make up one’s mind to do 下定决心做…
5. 表示想/希望
want to do = would like to do 想做…
hope to do 希望做…
expect (sb.) to do 期待着（某人）做…
wish sb to do 希望某人做…
6. With短语
随着人口的增加……???With the increase/growth of the population, …
随着科技的发展……???With the development of science and technology,
在她的帮助下…… With her help, …
7. It is +adj. for/of sb. to do sth.
……是必要的 It is necessary (for sb.) to do…
……是重要的 It is important/ (for sb.) to do…
……是友好的 It is kind (of sb.) to do…
……是有礼貌的 It is polite (of sb.) to do…
发言稿也称“讲话稿”，是在某种特殊场合要讲话前所拟定的书面稿子。其作用是节省时间，集中、有效地围绕议题把话讲好，不至于走题或把话讲错。
发言稿还有演讲稿、演说稿、谈话稿、会议报告稿等别名。其性质与特点，都大同小异。
特点：
文章是给人看的，讲话则是给人听的，写讲话稿要抓住讲话的通俗化和口语化两个特点。
讲话要通俗，就是要适合人的听觉的需要，适合听众的接受水平，容易叫别人理解和接受。要求语言朴素、自然，不堆砌概念，不装腔作势。它的语言简短精练，形象、生动、具体，别人不仅听得明，而且印象深，记得牢。
1. 写作模板：
【题目】在一次英语班会上，老师请同学们以“Proud of My School”为主题发言。请根据下面所给的提示写一篇发言稿。字数要求在80～100词之间。文中不得出现真实的人名、地名。
提示：
①What does your school look like？
②What fun do you have at school？
③Why do you like your school？
提示
满分作文
注意事项
1)发言稿一般都有自己的题目
2）发言稿要注意根据发言的场合、听讲的对象来确定讲话的内容。
3）发言要多用短句子。
4)结尾一般有客套语，并感谢听众。
5）一般有落款
Proud of My School
Hello, everyone,
My school is very big with several tall buildings. There are 2，000 students in my school. We have a big playground with lots of trees around it. There are a lot of flowers everywhere.
We have lots of fun at school. After class we play games and do lots of sports, like a big family. The teachers in my school are as kind to us as our parents. I feel proud of my school because it is one of the best schools in my heart.
That’s all. Thank you .
Yours,
Lin Hua
1）因为是发言稿，所以要口语化，不要太文；语言要简练，避免句子太长，听众难以把握你的意思。
2）讲话要通俗，要适合人的听觉的需要，适合听众的接受水平，叫别人易于理解和接受。
2.佳作赏析
【佳作赏析一】
【题目】 升入高中第一周，学校将组织一次以“Our New School Life ”为主题的班会。你认为怎样才能成为一名合格的高中生？请用英语写一篇发言稿，可以从思想修养、学习生活、体育卫生等方面阐述自己的观点。
注意：
1.词数80-----100词；2. 开头和结尾已给出（不计入总词数）。
Good evening , everyone !
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
......
________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all . Thanks for your listening !
点评
佳作
译文
1）开头称呼，很规范。
2）正文
通顺完整、表达清楚，语言无失误。能从纪律、学习、卫生、礼让、健康，团结、锻炼等诸方面提出自己的见解。用词、用句丰富，不单调。
3）结尾有客套语。
Good evening, everyone !
We are senior high school students now . It’s well known that our school is very famous . As new members of this school , we must follow the school rules . We should study hard and do well in each subject. And it’s our duty to keep it clean and tidy . Furthermore , we should respect our teachers and be polite to each others . In this family , we also need to help and learn from each other . To exercise and keep healthy is important for us all . If everyone makes a contribution to our school , it will be more beautiful .
That's all . Thanks for your listening !
同学们晚上好：
现在我们是高中学生了。众所周知，我们学校很著名。作为本校的新成员，我们要遵守学校的纪律。我们应当努力学习，学好每一门功课。保持学校卫生清洁是我们的责任。此外，我们应当尊重老师并且相互之间以礼相待。在这个大家庭里，我们还需要互相帮助、互相学习。锻炼和保持健康对我们大家是重要的。如果人人对我们的学校作出一点贡献，我们的学校将会更加美丽。
到此为止。谢谢大家！
附：评分说明：本题共15分。
要求考生用适当的时态、语态、句式和词语，完整准确地表述自己的观点，题中所提供的信息要用上，书写工整。分四档评分：
1. 短文通顺完整、表达清楚，语言基本无误，13------15分；
2. 短文较通顺完整、表达基本清楚，语言有少量错误，10------12分；
3. 仅能写明部分要点，短文不完整，语言错误多，影响思想表达，0-------5分。
注意：
1.内容要点可用不同的方式表达；
2. 对紧扣主题的适当发挥应予以鼓励。
【佳作赏析二】
【题目】为了交流学习经验，提高学习效率，《新世纪英文报》正在举办以“How to be a good learner?”为题的征文比赛。请你踊跃投稿。内容提示：
要求：
1．必须用上所有的内容提示，语句通顺，书写规范；
2．词数80左右，已给出的句子不计人总词数。
How to be a good learner?
As a good learner，we should___________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
......
________________________________________________________________________________________________ I hope all these will be helpful to us．
【满分作文】
How to be a good learner?
As a good learner，we should have good habits and ways in learning．We need to get ready for our lessons before class and always listen carefully in class．After class，we must go over the lessons and finish our homework on time．It’s good to study in groups and help each other．As a student，working hard is important.but don’t forget to do sports and keep healthy．We should do more reading in our free time，If we have any problems．we’d better ask others for help．
I hope all these will be helpful to us．
演练题
题目：
本月全市开展以“做文明市民，从不闯红灯做起”为主题的交通安全宣传月活动。请你写一篇80字左右的短文，谈谈如何遵守交通法规。短文的开头已给出(不计人总词数)。
要求：
1)条理清楚，语意连贯，句式规范，字迹工整。
2)以下内容供参考。
walkers
look，cross，left and right，carefully…
drivers／riders
drink，slow down，wear a seat belt(系安全带)，traffic lights，a helmet
(头盔)，fast…
passengers
get on／off，push，wait，in line…
In order to keep the road orderly and people safe，everyone should follow traffic rules._________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
......
________________________________________________________________________________________________ B.抛砖引玉
One possible version：
In order to keep the road orderly and people safe，everyone should follow traffic rules．When you walk，you should walk at the side of the road．Always be careful and look left and right before you cross the road．’If you like riding，don’t run through the red traffic lights．Don’t ride too fast． If you ride a motorbike，remember to wear your helmet(s)． If you drive，you should slow down at the traffic lights． You must always wear a seat belt． You must never drink wine． When many passengers are waiting for the bus, please stand in line and wait for your turn．Don’t push others．Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped．
Remember：It is better to be on the safe side．
一、书面表达 （本大题共15分）（江南中学二模）
亲子关系是目前广受关注的话题。假设你是张华，你正在以“如何与父母更好地相处” 为题进行英语自主课程研究。通过搜集资料，你查找到中国青少年研究中心(CYCRC)近日就中美两国亲子关系进行了问卷调查，结果如下表。请你根据下表选取并整合你认为有用的信息，结合你的实际经历以How to get along well with parents为题写一篇感想。
China
US
Kids often talk to their parents
48.1%
89%
Kids think their parents understand them
61%
81.4%
Kids have different ideas from their parents
82.1%
76%
Kids have different ideas from their parents mostly because of…
Schoolwork (65.4%)
Pocket money (20%)
注意事项：
内容须根据表格数据和实际经历合理展开；
要求语句通顺、意思连贯、符合情境；
词数在90个左右，首尾已经在答题卡上给出，不计入总词数；
内容必须写在答题卡指定的位置。
More and more people begin to focus on the parent-child relationship. Here’s my understanding of how to get along well with our parents.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
As?children,?getting?well with?parents?is?of?great?importance?to?us.?We?should?find?a proper way to create a healthy parent-child relationship.
How to get along well with parents
More and more people begin to focus on the parent-child relationship. Here’s my understanding of how to get along well with our parents.
CYCRC did a survey in the United States and China. The results showed that 48.1% of Chinese children often talk to their parents, far fewer than the Americans. More understanding lies in American parent-child relationship. I think we should not only talk often but open our heart. For example, when I got low marks in exams, I always talked to my parents. They helped me find the reason and encouraged me. I also shared my secrets and worries with them. A good relationship requires efforts from both parents and children.
As?children,?getting?well with?parents?is?of?great?importance?to?us.?We?should?find?a proper way to create a healthy parent-child relationship.
(90 words)
二、书面表达（本大题共15分）（宜兴二模）
近年来，随着智能手机的普及，越来越多的学生开始使用手机来完成家庭作业。这引发了学生们是否喜欢用app学习的讨论，为此，英文报Teens 将在下期开设专栏讨论这一话题，你采访了一些同学，写了一篇题为“Would you like to study on apps?”的报道。内容如下：
支持者
反对者
学生们可以经常利用手机操练说英语。
自从使用手机以来，视力变差。
一个理由……(1-2句)
一个理由……(1-2句)
你喜欢在用app学习吗？给出你的理由……(2-3句)
短文需包括所有内容要点，要求语句通顺，意思连贯；
省略号后展开合理想象；
词数90个左右，短文开头已经给出，不计入总词数；
短文必须写在答题卷对应的位置上，写在试卷其他部位无效。
Would you like to study on apps?
Smartphones are becoming more and more popular nowadays, more and more students like to use them to study.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Smartphones are becoming more and more popular nowadays, more and more students like to use them to study. Students can often practice speaking English on phones. There are many exercises on apps, this makes it easier for us to learn by ourselves.
But other students don’t like to use them. Their eyesight has been worse since they used mobile phones. Also, they can’t help playing with other apps while studying. This leads to bad results in their study.
I think it is useful for us to use mobile phones . I can learn more at home without paying much money. But we should use them in a proper way.
三、书面表达（本大题共15分）（2020无锡中考）
63.今年“世界读书日”（World Book Day）的主题是“Read and Share”,为此你校英语俱乐部正开展征文活动，要求介绍你所读过的一本书。你草拟了写作流程图，请根据下图用英语写一篇短文参加活动。
Choose a book
"Alice in Wonderland"
"Gulliver's Travels"
...
↓
Describe the book
Who is it about?
What happened?
What kind of book?
↓
Tell the reason
Why do I like it?
...
注意事项：
1.短文须根据流程图自拟，要求语句通顺、意思连贯、符合题意；
2.提供的书名非限定性内容，仅供参考；
3.词数在90个左右，短文首尾已在答题卡上给出，不计入总词数；
4.短文必须写在答题卡指定的位置上。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The book I’d like to share with you is The Old Man and the Sea, written by an American writer Ernest Hemingway. This book tells about a fisherman who is lucky enough to catch a huge fish at sea, but finds it hard to take it home. On the way back, he has to fight against the shark and the sea.
What I like most about the book is that the fisherman never gives up when meeting with difficulties. I still remember the well-known sentence from the book. Man is not made for defeat.
【解析】
1.题干解读：本文是一篇材料作文，今年“世界读书日”（World Book Day）的主题是“Read and Share”,为此你校英语俱乐部正开展征文活动，要求根据草拟的写作流程图，介绍你所读过的一本书，用英语写一篇短文参加活动。首先要认真审题，根据提示内容，列出写作要点及每个要点中可能要用到的表达；然后紧扣要点，动笔写作。
2.例文点评：本文时态为一般现在时，人称主要为第一、第三人称。文章紧扣题目要点，内容完整，表述准确，语言的表述符合语法的结构，造句符合英语的表达习惯。
3.高分亮点：
短语：share with，tell about，fight against，on the way back，give up。
句型：This book tells about a fisherman who is lucky enough to catch a huge fish at sea. 这本书讲述了一位渔夫的故事，他幸运地在海上捕到了一条大鱼。who在句中引导定语从句，修饰前面的a fisherman。