2020-2021学年
中华中学高二下
期中考试试题
第一部分
听力:略
第二部分
阅读理解(共两小节，满分50分)
第一节
(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
We
understand
that
in
light
of
the
latest
government
CORONAVIRUS
TRAVEL
ADVICE,
your
travel
plans
will
be
changing.
To
reflect
this,
some
terms
&
conditions
for
refunding
tickets
or
changing
journeys
are
different
to
usual.
Refunds
on
Unused
Tickets
for
Travel
?
You
can
apply
for
refunds
up
to
four
weeks
from
the
last
day
that
the
ticket
was
valid
?
Unused
Anytime,
Off-Peak
and
Super
Off-Peak
tickets
can
be
refunded
and
a
service
fee
applies.
Advance
tickets
are
not
refundable.
Alternatively,
you
can
change
your
ticket
io
travel
at
a
later
date
—
See
'Changing
Tickets
or
Requesting
a
Travel
Voucher'
below.
?
PLEASE
NOTE
that
if
the
train
you
are
booked
on
docs
not
ran
or
is
canceled
due
to
irresistible
forces,
refund：
will
be
made
on
ALL
TICKETS
TYPES
with
no
service
fee.
If
you
are
uncertain
about
travelling,
you
may
wish
to
consider
purchasing
a
more
flexible
ticket
—
such
as
Anytime
or
Off-Peak
-
for
travel.
Changing
Tickets
or
Requesting
a
Travel
Voucher
?
If
you
bought
an
Advance
ticket
before
the
National
Lockdown
was
announced
on
4lh
January
and
will
no
longer
be
travelling,
you
should
apply
for
a
travel
voucher
or
reschedule
your
journey
free
of
charge.
You
need
to
do
this
be
lore
your
first
train
departs
and
pay
the
difference
if
your
new
ticket
is
more
expensive.
Please
note
you
will
not
be
entitled
to
a
travel
voucher
if
your
Advance
ticket
was
purchased
after
4lh
Jan.
Speak
to
the
original
retailer
of
your
ticket
for
advice.
?
Anytime,
Off-Peak
and
Super
Off-Peak
tickets
are
more
flexible
and
can
be
changed
any
time
before
you
travel
There
is
no
fee
to
change
these
tickets.
you
will
only
need
to
pay
any
difference
in
fare.
Refunding
Season
Tickets
?Unexpired(未逾期的)Season
Tickets
can
be
submitted
for
refund
at
any
time
and
train
companies
calculate
how
much
is
refunded
by
bow
much
value
is
left
on
your
ticket,
they
do
this
by
deducting
(扣除)the
value
of
any
other
tickets
you
could
have
travelled
with
in
the
same
lime
until
you
stopped
using
and
return
your
Season
Ticket
Refunds
can
only
be
backdated
with
evidence
that
illness
prevented
you
from
travelling.
(National
Rail
Conditions
of
Travel.
Condition
40.4).
?
To
see
how
much
you
could
get
back
from
your
Season
Ticket,
try
the
Season
Ticket
Refund
Calculator
below.
For
more
information,
including
if
you
require
a
refund
due
to
sickness
that
prevented
you
from
using
a
Season
Ticket
see
the
link
here,
?
Customers
can
still
claim
refunds
remotely
online,
minimizing
contact
between
customers
and
staffs
keeping
everyone
safer.
Please
see
your
retailer's
website
for
details.
Travelling
on
Another
Train
Company's
Service
?
In
areas
where
there
is
cancellation,
train
companies
may
agree
acceptance
of
tickets
routed
via
another
company
For
more
details,
please
contact
your
rail
service
provider.
1.
Passengers
are
entitled
to
their
money
back
on________.
A.
Anytime
tickets
completely
free
of
charge
B.
Oil-Peak
tickets
with
no
restrictions
C.
Advance
tickets
for
their
train
not
running
D.
Super
Off-Peaks
that
went
invalid
for
half
a
year
2.
A
Season
ticket
holds
more
refundable
value
only
when________.
A.
train
companies
refuse
to
calculate
the
value
that
is
left
on
it
B.
you
formally
apply
to
cease
using
the
ticket
and
hand
it
back
C.
you
use
the
Season
Ticket
Refund
Calculator
on
the
website
D.
the
proof
is
given
that
you
were
unable
to
travel
due
to
illness
3.
We
can
learn
from
the
passage
that
________
.
A.
Advance
tickets
purchased
after
Jan.
4th
can
also
be
rescheduled
B.
passengers
with
a
fixed
timetable
are
advised
to
buy
Anytime
tickets
C.
safer
approaches
to
refund
have
been
introduced
to
limit
physical
contact
D.
service
from
another
train
company
is
not
available
if
your
train
get
cancelled
B
At
the
age
of
twelve
years,
the
human
body
is
at
its
most
vigorous.
It
has
yet
to
reach
its
full
size
and
strength,
and
its
owner
his
or
her
full
intelligence;
but
at
this
age
the
likelihood
of
death
is
least.
Earlier,
we
were
infants
and
young
children,
and
consequently
more
vulnerable
(易受伤害的),
later,
we
shall
undergo
a
progressive
loss
of
our
vigor
and
resistance
which,
though
unnoticeable
at
first,
will
finally
become
so
steep
that
we
can
live
no
longer,
however
well
we
look
after
ourselves,
and
however
well
society,
and
our
doctors,
look
after
us.
This
decline
in
vigor
with
the
passing
of
time
is
called
ageing.
It
is
one
of
the
most
unpleasant
discoveries
which
we
all
make
that
we
must
decline
in
this
way,
that
if
we
escape
wars,
accidents
and
disease
we
shall
eventually
“die
of
old
age”,
and
that
this
happens
at
a
rate
which
differs
little
from
person
to
person,
so
that
there
are
heavy
odds
in
favor
of
our
dying
between
the
ages
of
sixty-five
and
eighty.
Some
of
us
will
die
sooner,
a
few
will
live
longer—on
into
a
ninth
or
tenth
decade.
But
the
chances
are
against
it,
and
there
is
a
virtual
limit
on
how
long
we
can
hope
to
remain
alive,
however
lucky
and
robust
we
are.
Normal
people
tend
to
forget
this
process
unless
and
until
they
are
reminded
of
it.
We
are
so
familiar
with
the
fact
that
ma
ages,
that
people
have
for
years
assumed
that
the
process
of
losing
vigor
with
time,
of
becoming
more
likely
to
die
the
older
we
get,
was
something
self-evident,
like
the
cooling
of
a
hot
kettle
or
the
wearing-out
of
a
pair
of
shoes.
They
have
also
assumed
that
all
animals,
and
probably
other
organisms
such
as
trees,
or
even
the
universe
itself,
must
in
the
nature
of
things
“wear
out”.
Most
animals
we
commonly
observe
do
in
fact
age
as
we
do,
if
given
the
chance
to
live
long
enough;
and
mechanical
systems
like
a
wound
watch,
or
the
sun,
do
in
fact
run
out
of
energy
in
accordance
with
the
second
law
of
thermodynamics
(whether
the
whole
universe
does
so
is
a
moot
point
at
present).
But
these
are
not
analogous
(类似的)to
what
happens
when
man
ages.
A
run-down
watch
is
still
a
watch
and
can
be
rewound.
An
old
watch,
by
contrast,
becomes
so
worn
and
unreliable
that
it
eventually
is
not
worth
mending.
But
a
watch
could
never
repair
itself
—it
does
not
consist
of
living
parts,
only
of
metal,
which
wears
away
by
friction.
We
could,
at
one
time,
repair
ourselves—well
enough,
at
least,
to
overcome
all
but
the
most
instantly
fatal
illnesses
and
accidents.
Between
twelve
and
eighty
years
we
gradually
lose
this
power,
an
illness
which
at
twelve
would
knock
us
over,
at
eighty
can
knock
us
out,
and
into
our
grave.
If
we
could
stay
as
vigorous
as
we
are
at
twelve,
it
would
take
about
700
years
for
half
of
us
to
die,
and
another
700
for
the
survivors
to
be
reduced
by
half
again.
4.
Which
of
the
following
statements
is
INCORRECT?
A.
Our
first
twelve
years
represent
the
peak
of
human
development.
B.
People
usually
are
unhappy
when
reminded
of
ageing.
C.
Normally
only
a
few
of
us
can
live
to
the
eighties
and
nineties.
D.
People
are
usually
less
likely
to
die
at
twelve
years
old.
5.
The
word
“it”
in
the
last
sentence
of
Paragraph
Two
refers
to
.
A.
remaining
alive
until
65
B.
remaining
alive
after
80
C.
dying
before
65
or
after
80
D.
dying
between
65
and
80
6.
What
is
ageing?
A.
It
is
usually
a
phenomenon
of
dying
at
an
old
age.
B.
It
is
a
fact
that
people
cannot
live
any
longer.
C.
It
is
a
gradual
loss
of
vigor
and
resistance.
D.
It
is
a
phase
when
people
are
easily
attacked
by
illness.
7.
What
do
the
examples
of
watch
show?
A.
Normally
people
are
quite
familiar
with
the
ageing
process.
B.
All
animals
and
other
organisms
undergo
the
ageing
process.
C.
The
law
of
thermodynamics
functions
in
the
ageing
process.
D.
Human’s
ageing
process
is
different
from
that
of
mechanisms.
C
Once
upon
a
time,
science
fiction
was
just
a
style
among
other
styles.
There
were
crime
stories,
there
were
horror
stories,
there
was
literary
fiction,
and
there
was
science
fiction.
But
today
science
themes
dominate
these
other
styles.
It's
difficult
to
think
of
much
modern
crime,
horror
or
“serious”
fiction
that
doesn't
involve
science.
And
its
not
just
books.
With
every
second
movie
and
computer
game
having
a
sci-fi
element,
science
fiction
seems
to
have
controlled
our
entire
entertainment
culture.
It's
clear
that
if
we
want
to
define
science
fiction,
we
should
relate
it
to
the
role
that
science
plays
in
our
lives.
Although
some
experts
have
claimed
to
be
able
to
trace
sci-fi
back
to
ancient
times,
it
is
more
reasonable
to
find
it
in
initial
form
in
the
19th
century,
when
industrial
societies
arose.
One
of
the
features
that
set
industrial
societies
apart
from
other
kinds
was
the
increasing
part
that
science
played
in
everyday
life.
Factories
with
vast
machines
turned
out
huge
quantities
of
goods,
which
were
transported
by
trains,
motor
vehicles
and
ships
all
over
the
world.
Cities
were
built
on
the
back
of
technology,
with
electricity
in
homes
and
hospitals
helping
everyone
to
lead
healthier,
more
convenient
lives.
All
of
these
changes
had
great
effects
not
only
on
people's
real
lives,
but
on
their
imaginative
ones.
Writers
began
to
describe
these
changing
physical
and
mental
landscapes,
eventually
giving
science
fiction
a
large
and
devoted
fan
base
of
especially
young
readers,
who
found
that
it
spoke
to
their
curiosity
about
the
future
that
science
would
create.
But
sci-fiction
reflected
fears
about
science
more
than
it
did
hopes.
These
typical
early
science
fiction
novels
might
be
a
UK
novel
like
H.
G.
Wells'
The
War
of
the
worlds（1897）.
With
great
skill
Wells
played
upon
the
fears
of
technology
by
imagining
Earth
under
threat
by
a
civilization-that
of
men
from
Mars.
The
science
fiction
of
today
expresses
the
impact
of
the
computing
revolution,
robotics
and
our
environmental
challenges,
while
it
is
less
concerned
with
“little
green
men
from
Mar”
and
other
themes
of
past
sci-fiction.
Given
that
science,
technology
and
polities
are
always
intertwined,
contemporary
science
fiction
often
has
a
great
deal
to
say
about
power.
Many
recent
novels-like
American
Cory
Doctorow's
Little
Brother（2008）-are
concerned
with
government
and
security
service
“conspiracies（阴谋）”
against
the
people,
particularly
as
the
revelations
of
whistleblowers
like
Edward
Snowden
sink
in.
This
can
give
sci-fi
writing
a
“skeptical（怀疑的）”
feel.
This
underlines
one
of
the
features
that
remains
constant
between
the
beginnings
of
the
empire
of
science
fiction
and
its
state
today.
As
then,
so
now:
We
want
to
read
about
how
fearful
the
future
will
be,
not
how
it
will
be
a
paradise.
8.
According
to
the
first
paragraph,
we
know
that
________.
A.
science
fiction
used
to
take
the
leadership
in
literature
B.
horror
story
and
literary
fiction
have
initiated
science
fiction
C.
modern
fiction
reflects
the
influence
of
science
fiction
D.
science
fiction
is
the
dominant
literature
style
at
present
time
9.
What
caused
science
fiction
to
appear
in
the
19th
century?
A.
The
curiosity
of
young
readers
about
the
future.
B.
The
changes
that
the
industrial
revolution
brought
about.
C
People's
stretched
imagination
affected
by
their
real
life.
D.
People's
fears
about
science
rather
than
hopes.
10.
According
to
the
passage,
what
do
we
know
about
the
early
science
fiction?
A.
It
aroused
people's
curiosity
of
science
on
daily
life.
B.
It
intensified
people's
worries
about
the
social
problems.
C.
It
promoted
people's
understanding
of
the
true
value
of
science.
D.
It
conveyed
an
atmosphere
of
imaginary
anxieties
to
people.
11.
Which
of
the
following
can
be
inferred
from
the
passage?
A.
Despite
the
content,
the
theme
of
science
fiction
remains
the
same.
B.
The
fear
of
outer
space
attack
has
long
been
a
worry
among
people
of
times.
C.
The
appearance
of
science
fiction
has
caused
misunderstanding
among
people.
D.
Science
fiction
is
weakening
government
power
implemented
on
people.
D
American
writer
A.N.DEVERS
was
at
a
rare-book
fair
in
New
York
City
in
2015
when
she
noticed
a
Joan
Didion
title
selling
for
just
$25.
Then
she
saw
the
price
tag
of
a
novel
by
the
equally
famous
Cormac
McCarthy:
about
$600.
“I
realized
we
don’t
value
women’s
work
the
same
way
we
do
men’s,”
Devers
says.
“It’s
depressing.
But
it’s
also
exciting,
because
I
can
do
something
about
it.”
Three
years
later,
after
moving
to
London
and
joining
the
U.K.’s
booming
rare-book
trade,
Devers
opened
the
red
doors
of
her
new
bookstore,
the
Second
Shelf.
Located
in
a
quiet
courtyard
off
the
busy
streets
of
London’s
Soho,
the
store
almost
exclusively
stocks
rare
books
by
women
(alongside
a
handful
of
male-authored
books
about
women).
The
focus
is
modern
fiction:
Elizabeth
Bowen
novels,
romances
by
Rosamunde
Pilcher,
poetry
by
Ntozake
Shange.
Devers’
skill
for
finding
overlooked
jewels
was
polished
during
a
childhood
of
Visits
to
yard
sales
in
towns
across
the
U.S.,
a
result
of
her
family’s
following
her
father’s
Air
Force
job.
Some
of
her
most
sought-after
recent
finds
were
works
by
Miriam
Tlali,
the
first
black
woman
to
publish
a
novel
in
South
Africa.
Devers
hit
on
her
1975
debut
in
a
charity
store
and
quickly
sourced
and
sold
15
more
Tlali
books.
In
collecting
these
works,
the
Second
Shelf
is
correcting
a
historical
imbalance
that
has
allowed
women’s
literary
achievements
to
be
eclipsed.
Bookdealers
have
tended
to
be
men;
much
of
the
trade’s
early
material
was
collected
by
“country
gentlemen
who
ran
estates
and
amassed
libraries
of
books
to
show
their
wealth
and
intelligence,”
Devers
says.
She
argues
that
they’ve
been
like
their
peers
in
other
male-led
creative
industries
—
including
television,
film
and
the
news
media
—
in
that
“they
focus
on
themselves.”
That
past
contributes
to
a
plain
absence
of
women’s
work
among
the
books
considered
to
be
valuable
cultural
objects.
In
January,
the
Second
Shelf
went
viral
(走红)
on
Twitter
after
Devers
pointed
out
that
only
nine
books
by
women
appeared
in
a
list,
produced
by
a
trade
website,
of
the
500
biggest
sales
at
auction
in
the
books-and-paper
field
last
year.
Even
among
more
recently
published
works,
a
2018
study
found,
titles
by
women
are
on
average
priced
45%
lower
than
books
by
men.
In
recent
years,
calls
have
gone
out
to
read
only
books
by
women
for
a
year
and
for
universities
to
expand
their
curriculums.
The
observance
of
Women’s
History
Month
in
the
U.S.
has
also
made
March
a
time
for
publishers
to
suggest
fitting
reading
lists.
Devers’
shop
is
the
physical
site
of
that
movement
challenging
the
current
situation.
“We’ve
been
taught
to
find
value
in
something
really
narrow,”
she
says.
“It’s
time
to
explore
something
different.”
12.
The
first
paragraph
tells
the
readers
_________.
A.
why
Devers
named
her
shop
the
Second
Shelf
B.
how
Devers
was
exposed
to
rare
book
trade
C.
what
motivated
Devers
to
open
the
Second
Shelf
D.
where
Devers
first
came
across
women’s
literary
works
13.
The
underlined
word
“eclipse”
in
the
fourth
paragraph
means_________.
A.
fully
exposed
B.
partially
concealed
C.
seriously
treated
D.
roughly
explained
14.
Which
may
explain
the
absence
of
the
great
literary
works
by
women?
A.
The
trade
used
to
be
dominated
by
men.
B.
Women
writers’
ideas
conflict
with
the
bookdealers’.
C.
Males
tend
to
be
productive
in
the
creative
industry.
D.
The
majority
of
male
readers
don’t
read
modern
fiction.
15.
What
can
be
inferred
from
the
passage?
A.
In
recent
years,
university
curriculums
have
emphasized
books
by
women.
B.
Women’s
History
Month
has
pushed
women
writers
to
be
more
productive.
C.
More
physical
bookstores
like
Devers’
are
needed
to
change
the
situation.
D.
The
Second
Shelf
is
helping
turn
a
page
for
women
in
literature.
第二节
(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。期中有两项为多于选项。
Profitable
Senior
Service
Businesses
You
Can
Start
Today
This
year,
almost
4
million
Americans
will
turn
65.
That
number
will
continue
to
grow
for
the
next
two
decades.
By
2030,
it
will
grow
to
over
75million
people.
____16____In
fact,
the
U.S.
Department
of
f
Labor
forecasts
that
senior
service
jobs
will
be
the
fastest-growing
part
of
the
job
market
for
many
years
to
come.
____17____As
most
seniors
want
to
stay
independent
as
long
as
possible,
they,
or
their
grown-up
children,
plan
to
use
that
increased
wealth
to
make
their
lives
better
in
their
senior
years.
This
will
provide
an
abundance
of
moneymaking
opportunities.
Because
most
seniors
want
to
age
in
place
in
their
own
homes,
they
often
need
help
with
daily
tasks
like
meal
preparation
and
housekeeping.
Many
are
unable
to
drive
and
need
reliable
transportation
for
shopping
trips
and
doctor's
appointments.
____18____
Seniors
also
often
need
a
reliable
resource
person-a
“senior
concierge”-to
handle
the
tasks
they
are
unable
to
do,
such
as
scheduling
home
repairs,
buying
groceries
or
taking
a
pet
to
the
vet.
____19____
There
comes
a
time-usually
in
their
70s
or
80s-when
seniors
downsize
and
move
to
a
much
smaller
residence
or
a
retirement
community.____20____They
help
reduce
the
emotional
stress
associated
with
moving,
so
a
senior
has
a
gentle,
and
smooth
transition
to
their
new
home.
The
growing
number
of
seniors,
and
the
service
jobs
they
are
creating,
mean
new
opportunities
for
anyone
who
wants
to
start
a
business
serving
seniors.
If
you're
looking
for
a
rewarding
job
or
home-based
business
providing
essential
services
to
this
growing
population
of
seniors,
you'll
find
plenty
of
choices.
A.
The
service
can
be
started
with
just
a
few
hundred
dollars.
B.
Some
senior
service
businesses
require
specialized
medical
training.
C.
Their
homes
need
to
be
as
fall-proof
as
possible,
to
prevent
accidents.
D.
A
senior
relocation
service
professional
helps
those
folks
organize
that
move.
E.
That
will
bring
many
senior
service
jobs
for
those
who
are
caring
and
capable.
F.
Seniors
today
are
richer
than
ever
before
with
31
percent
enjoying
“high
income.”
G.
A
senior
concierge
can
fill
in
when
the
children
of
an
elderly
parent
can't
be
there
to
help.
第三部分
语言知识应用(共两小节，满分30分)
第一节
完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
In
the
United
States,
there
have
been
no
deaths
from
commercial
airline
accidents
since
2013.
In
fact,
for
decades,
there
has
been
a
general
___21___
trend
in
the
number
of
accidents
per
departure.
Complex
systems
are
more
likely
to
suffer
from
failures,
but
commercial
aviation
(航空)
seems
to
be
a(n)
___22___.
Since
the
1960s,
U.S.
commercial
aviation
has
become
significantly
more
complex,
and
yet,
flying
has
become
safer.
What
lies
behind
this
remarkable
trend
is
a
handful
of
smart
approaches
to
___23___.
Here
are
two
of
them.
Teach
people
to
speak
up—and
to
listen
A
common
error
during
airplane
accidents
used
to
be
the
___24___
of
first
officers
to
question
the
captain’s
poor
decisions.
When
the
captain
was
flying
the
airplane,
he
was
hard
to
challenge,
and
his
mistakes
went
___25___.
All
this
began
to
change
in
the
late
1970s
with
a
training
program
known
as
Crew
Resource
Management
(CRM).
The
program
revolutionized
the
___26___
not
just
of
the
cockpit
(机舱)
but
also
of
the
whole
industry.
It
reframed
safety
as
a
___27___
issue
and
put
all
crew
members
on
more
equal
footing.
It
was
no
longer
___28___
to
question
the
decisions
of
a
superior;
it
was
required.
And
CRM
taught
crew
members
the?language
of
disagreement.
The
lesson
isn’t
simply
that
people
lower
down
in
the
___29___
should
speak
up
and
higher-ups
should
listen.
What
CRM
has
shown
is
that
people
can
be
taught
to
speak
up
and
to
listen.
The
ability
to
express
and
embrace
___30___
isn’t
hardwired
in
our
personality
or
cultural
background;
it’s
a
skill
we
can
learn.
Learn
from
small
failures
and
close
calls
In
1976,
the
US
Federal
Aviation
Administration
created
an
industry-wide
system
to
collect
safety
reports.
The
Aviation
Safety
Reporting
System
(ASRS)
collects
thousands
of
reports
each
month.
Beyond
receiving
immunity
(豁免权)
for
a
mistake,
it’s
a
point
of
___31___
for
pilots
to
submit
ASRS
reports.
They
know
the
reports
make
air
travel
safer.
The
reports
are
stored
in
a
searchable
database
that
anyone
can
___32___,
and
National
Aeronautics
and
Space
Administration
(NASA)
highlights
safety
trends
in
its
monthly
newsletter,?Callback.
Here,
too,
there
is
a
___33___
lesson.
Small
mistakes
and
near
misses
can
be
a
rich
source
of
data
about
what
might
___34___
in
our
system.
Mistakes
shouldn’t
be
___35___.
By
openly
sharing
stories
of
failures
and
near
failures,
we
can
treat
errors
as
an
opportunity
to
learn.
21.
A.
similar
B.
steady
C.
long-term
D.
downward
22.
A.
example
B.
exception
C.
symbol
D.
alternative
23.
A.
assessment
B.
management
C.
competition
D.
contribution
24.
A.
failure
B.
effort
C.
pressure
D.
convenience
25.
A.
predictable
B.
imaginary
C.
unchecked
D.
unforgiven
26.
A.
performance
B.
structure
C.
culture
D.
standard
27.
A.
team
B.
state
C.
side
D.
policy
28.
A.
immoral
B.
unrewarding
C.
disrespectful
D.
inconvenient
29.
A.
age
B.
position
C.
salary
D.
attractiveness
30
A.
excitement
B.
discomfort
C.
respect
D.
disagreement
31.
A.
pride
B.
sacrifice
C.
entertainment
D.
literacy
32.
A.
create
B.
afford
C.
analyze
D.
access
33.
A.
broader
B.
clearer
C.
more
bitter
D.
more
costly
34
A.
break
out
B.
go
wrong
C.
take
shape
D.
slow
down
35.
A.
obstacles
B.
failures
C.
experiments
D.
secrets
第二节
语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
The
Rise
of
Robot-Chefs
CREATOR
is
a
new
hamburger
joint
in
San
Francisco.
It
now
claims
to
deliver
a
burger
worth
$18
for
$6-in
other
words,
___36___(provide)
the
quality
associated
with
expensive
restaurants
at
a
fast-food
price.
What
matters
behind
this
claim
is
that
its
chef
is
a
robot.
Creator’s
burger
robot
is
a
trolley-sized
unit
that
has
a
footprint
of
two
square
metre.
Customers
send
it
their
orders
via
a
tablet.
They
are
able
to
cook
everything
from
___37___
well-done
the
burger
will
be
to
the
type
of
cheese
and
toppings
they
want.
The
process
sounds
rather
simple
now.
But,
in
fact,
the
machine
took
eight
years
to
perfect
after
it
___38___(create).
As
far
back
as
2012,
a
mere
two
years
into
the
project,
it
was
describes
as
“95%
reliable”,
but
that
is
not
enough
for
a
busy
kitchen.
Chopping
tomatoes
was
a
particularly
tough
challenge,
but
even
details
like
the
very
tool___39___
packs
the
burger
into
a
bag
without
squeezing
it
were
tricky
for
the
machine
to
master.
Only
now,
with
a
machine
to
make
reliably
120
burgers
an
hour,
___40___
Alex
Vardakostas,
the
engineer
behind
the
project,
and
his
co-founders,
a
mixture
of
technologists
and
caterers,
feel
confident
enough
to
open
their
first
restaurant.
Creator
is
not
alone.
Other
robot
chefs
have
already
been
working,
____41____(prepare)
entire
meals,
or
soon
will
be,
in
kitchens
in
other
parts
of
the
world.
In
___42___
of
that,
this
new
wave
of
automation
could
signal
a
dramatic
shift
in
the
way
the
fat
food
industry
employs
people.
That
does
not
necessarily
meant
____43____(employ)
fewer
staff.
Rather,
more
of
them
will
be
in
roles
were
they
can
directly
help
customers.
“Creator’s
goal
is
not
to
be
the
most
automated
and
____44____(human-centered)
restaurant,
but
actually
not,”
said
Vardakostas.
It
is
too
early
to
say
whether
this
first
wave
of
robot
chefs
will
develop
well
in
such
a
demanding
environment
as
the
kitchen.
_____45_____
it
does,
it's
certain
to
mark
a
change
in
our
relationship
with
cookery.
Cooking
could
be
something
people
choose
to
do
simply
for
the
sheer
pleasure
of
it.
第四部分
写作(共两小节，满分40分)
第一节
应用文写作(满分15分)
46.
假定你是李华，是你校英语俱乐部的成员。今年是中国共产党诞辰一百周年，你校英文报“双
语话中国”（“Talk
about
China
to
the
world"）栏目录制了红色故事系列视频。现面向全校学生招聘志愿者为该系列视频配英文解说。请你为此写一份招聘启事，内容包括：
1.目的
2.条件（擅长英语表达;了解党史;热爱传播红色精神等）
3.报名邮箱：Englishclub@
ahschool.
com
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.短文题目已为你写好。
参考词汇：中国共产党
the
Communist
Party
of
China
（CPC）
解说
narrate
第二节
读后续写
(满分25分)
47.
Norwood,
a
junior
at
St.
Petersburg^
Lakewood
High
School,
participated
in
the
school’s
Athletic
Lifestyle
Management
Academy.
The
program
prepares
students
for
various
careers
in
health
science
with
two
components.
The
first
one
is
a
hands-on
skills
component
where
the
students
have
to
demonstrate
that
they
are
expert
in
the
skills
of
adult,
child
and
infant
CPR
（心
肺复苏术），how
to
help
somebody
who's
choking,
as
well
as
how
to
use
an
AED
（自动体外除
颤仪）.And
the
other
is
a
written
test
component,
showing
that
they
master
that
knowledge.
Norwood
took
a
great
interest
in
the
programme,
which
was
in
line
with
her
initial
career
pursuit
in
the
future.
On
the
first
day
of
the
programme,
her
instructor
Miller
did
vital
signs
and
students
learned
how
to
take
blood
pressure,
check
pulse,
and
apply
CPR.
Norwood
watched
closely
and
performed
the
hand-on
skills
well.
Norwood
and
Simmons
shared
a
long
friendship.
They
had
been
friends
since
the
seventh
grade
and
since
then
they
had
built
an
unbreakable
bond.
The
following
day
after
school,
the
16-
year-old
girl
Norwood
was
driving
three
friends
home
in
St.
Petersburg,
Florida,
when
another
driver
slammed
into
her
from
her
left
and
sent
her
car
rushing
forward
in
an
uncontrollable
way.
“We
crashed
in
someone's
yard
and
I
hit
the
tree,"
Norwood
said.
The
impact
jammed
shut
the
driver's
side
door,
so
Norwood
climbed
out
of
the
front
window.
Two
of
her
friends
managed
to
get
out
of
the
car
unharmed,
but
the
collision
caused
her
16-year-old
friend
Simmons
to
hit
her
head
on
the
backseat
window.
When
Norwood
turned
around,
she
didn't
see
Simmons
running
with
them
so
she
had
to
run
back
to
the
car
as
fast
as
she
could.
Simmons
was
just
sitting
there
unresponsive.
Apparently,
she
passed
out
owing
to
the
huge
impact
force.
The
unexpected
crash
left
the
girls
in
panic.
A
lot
of
people
started
to
gather
around
to
see
what
was
happening.
The
crowd
watched
in
astonishment,
open-mouthed.
Someone
advised
to
make
an
emergency
call
immediately.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph
1
：
And
that
was
when
the
training
Norwood
had
just
learned
kicked
in.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph
2
：
When
Miller
and
her
students
learned
about
the
news,
they
were
at
a
loss
of
words
and
so
proud.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2020-2021学年
中华中学高二下
期中考试试题
第一部分
听力:略
第二部分
阅读理解(共两小节，满分50分)
第一节
(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
We
understand
that
in
light
of
the
latest
government
CORONAVIRUS
TRAVEL
ADVICE,
your
travel
plans
will
be
changing.
To
reflect
this,
some
terms
&
conditions
for
refunding
tickets
or
changing
journeys
are
different
to
usual.
Refunds
on
Unused
Tickets
for
Travel
?
You
can
apply
for
refunds
up
to
four
weeks
from
the
last
day
that
the
ticket
was
valid.
?
Unused
Anytime,
Off-Peak
and
Super
Off-Peak
tickets
can
be
refunded
and
a
service
fee
applies.
Advance
tickets
are
not
refundable.
Alternatively,
you
can
change
your
ticket
io
travel
at
a
later
date
—
See
'Changing
Tickets
or
Requesting
a
Travel
Voucher'
below.
?
PLEASE
NOTE
that
if
the
train
you
are
booked
on
docs
not
ran
or
is
canceled
due
to
irresistible
forces,
refund：
will
be
made
on
ALL
TICKETS
TYPES
with
no
service
fee.
If
you
are
uncertain
about
travelling,
you
may
wish
to
consider
purchasing
a
more
flexible
ticket
—
such
as
Anytime
or
Off-Peak
-
for
travel.
Changing
Tickets
or
Requesting
a
Travel
Voucher
?
If
you
bought
an
Advance
ticket
before
the
National
Lockdown
was
announced
on
4lh
January
and
will
no
longer
be
travelling,
you
should
apply
for
a
travel
voucher
or
reschedule
your
journey
free
of
charge.
You
need
to
do
this
be
lore
your
first
train
departs
and
pay
the
difference
if
your
new
ticket
is
more
expensive.
Please
note
you
will
not
be
entitled
to
a
travel
voucher
if
your
Advance
ticket
was
purchased
after
4lh
Jan.
Speak
to
the
original
retailer
of
your
ticket
for
advice.
?
Anytime,
Off-Peak
and
Super
Off-Peak
tickets
are
more
flexible
and
can
be
changed
any
time
before
you
travel
There
is
no
fee
to
change
these
tickets.
you
will
only
need
to
pay
any
difference
in
fare.
Refunding
Season
Tickets
?Unexpired(未逾期的)Season
Tickets
can
be
submitted
for
refund
at
any
time
and
train
companies
calculate
how
much
is
refunded
by
bow
much
value
is
left
on
your
ticket,
they
do
this
by
deducting
(扣除)the
value
of
any
other
tickets
you
could
have
travelled
with
in
the
same
lime
until
you
stopped
using
and
return
your
Season
Ticket
Refunds
can
only
be
backdated
with
evidence
that
illness
prevented
you
from
travelling.
(National
Rail
Conditions
of
Travel.
Condition
40.4).
?
To
see
how
much
you
could
get
back
from
your
Season
Ticket,
try
the
Season
Ticket
Refund
Calculator
below.
For
more
information,
including
if
you
require
a
refund
due
to
sickness
that
prevented
you
from
using
a
Season
Ticket
see
the
link
here,
?
Customers
can
still
claim
refunds
remotely
online,
minimizing
contact
between
customers
and
staffs
keeping
everyone
safer.
Please
see
your
retailer's
website
for
details.
Travelling
on
Another
Train
Company's
Service
?
In
areas
where
there
is
cancellation,
train
companies
may
agree
acceptance
of
tickets
routed
via
another
company
For
more
details,
please
contact
your
rail
service
provider.
1.
Passengers
are
entitled
to
their
money
back
on________.
A.
Anytime
tickets
completely
free
of
charge
B.
Oil-Peak
tickets
with
no
restrictions
C.
Advance
tickets
for
their
train
not
running
D.
Super
Off-Peaks
that
went
invalid
for
half
a
year
2.
A
Season
ticket
holds
more
refundable
value
only
when________.
A.
train
companies
refuse
to
calculate
the
value
that
is
left
on
it
B.
you
formally
apply
to
cease
using
the
ticket
and
hand
it
back
C.
you
use
the
Season
Ticket
Refund
Calculator
on
the
website
D.
the
proof
is
given
that
you
were
unable
to
travel
due
to
illness
3.
We
can
learn
from
the
passage
that
________
.
A.
Advance
tickets
purchased
after
Jan.
4th
can
also
be
rescheduled
B.
passengers
with
a
fixed
timetable
are
advised
to
buy
Anytime
tickets
C.
safer
approaches
to
refund
have
been
introduced
to
limit
physical
contact
D.
service
from
another
train
company
is
not
available
if
your
train
get
cancelled
【答案】1.
C
2.
D
3.
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了在疫情期间退票或改程的一些条款和条件。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三个黑点“?
PLEASE
NOTE
that
if
the
train
you
are
booked
on
docs
not
ran
or
is
canceled
due
to
irresistible
forces,
refund：
will
be
made
on
ALL
TICKETS
TYPES
with
no
service
fee.”（?请注意，如果您在单据上预订的列车没有运行或由于不可抗拒的力量而被取消，所有类型的车票都将获得退款，不收取服务费。）可知，火车停运时，乘客有权凭预售票退票。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第四个黑点“Unexpired(未逾期的)Season
Tickets
can
be
submitted
for
refund
at
any
time
and
train
companies
calculate
how
much
is
refunded
by
bow
much
value
is
left
on
your
ticket,
they
do
this
by
deducting
(扣除)the
value
of
any
other
tickets
you
could
have
travelled
with
in
the
same
lime
until
you
stopped
using
and
return
your
Season.
Refunds
can
only
be
backdated
with
evidence
that
illness
prevented
you
from
travelling.
(未到期的季票可以随时提交退款，火车公司通过你的车票上还剩多少钱计算退款多少，他们会扣除你在同一线路上可能使用的任何其他车票的价钱计算剩余的钱，直到你停止使用并退掉你的季票，只有有证据表明你因生病而不能旅行时，才能退钱。）”可知，只有当你证明你因病不能旅行时，季票才有更多的可退还价值。故选D项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二个黑点“Customers
can
still
claim
refunds
remotely
online,
minimizing
contact
between
customers
and
staffs
keeping
everyone
safer.”（客户仍然可以远程在线申请退款，减少客户和员工之间的联系，确保每个人都更安全。）可知，为了限制身体接触，已经引入了更安全的退款方法。故选C项。
B
At
the
age
of
twelve
years,
the
human
body
is
at
its
most
vigorous.
It
has
yet
to
reach
its
full
size
and
strength,
and
its
owner
his
or
her
full
intelligence;
but
at
this
age
the
likelihood
of
death
is
least.
Earlier,
we
were
infants
and
young
children,
and
consequently
more
vulnerable
(易受伤害的),
later,
we
shall
undergo
a
progressive
loss
of
our
vigor
and
resistance
which,
though
unnoticeable
at
first,
will
finally
become
so
steep
that
we
can
live
no
longer,
however
well
we
look
after
ourselves,
and
however
well
society,
and
our
doctors,
look
after
us.
This
decline
in
vigor
with
the
passing
of
time
is
called
ageing.
It
is
one
of
the
most
unpleasant
discoveries
which
we
all
make
that
we
must
decline
in
this
way,
that
if
we
escape
wars,
accidents
and
disease
we
shall
eventually
“die
of
old
age”,
and
that
this
happens
at
a
rate
which
differs
little
from
person
to
person,
so
that
there
are
heavy
odds
in
favor
of
our
dying
between
the
ages
of
sixty-five
and
eighty.
Some
of
us
will
die
sooner,
a
few
will
live
longer—on
into
a
ninth
or
tenth
decade.
But
the
chances
are
against
it,
and
there
is
a
virtual
limit
on
how
long
we
can
hope
to
remain
alive,
however
lucky
and
robust
we
are.
Normal
people
tend
to
forget
this
process
unless
and
until
they
are
reminded
of
it.
We
are
so
familiar
with
the
fact
that
ma
ages,
that
people
have
for
years
assumed
that
the
process
of
losing
vigor
with
time,
of
becoming
more
likely
to
die
the
older
we
get,
was
something
self-evident,
like
the
cooling
of
a
hot
kettle
or
the
wearing-out
of
a
pair
of
shoes.
They
have
also
assumed
that
all
animals,
and
probably
other
organisms
such
as
trees,
or
even
the
universe
itself,
must
in
the
nature
of
things
“wear
out”.
Most
animals
we
commonly
observe
do
in
fact
age
as
we
do,
if
given
the
chance
to
live
long
enough;
and
mechanical
systems
like
a
wound
watch,
or
the
sun,
do
in
fact
run
out
of
energy
in
accordance
with
the
second
law
of
thermodynamics
(whether
the
whole
universe
does
so
is
a
moot
point
at
present).
But
these
are
not
analogous
(类似的)to
what
happens
when
man
ages.
A
run-down
watch
is
still
a
watch
and
can
be
rewound.
An
old
watch,
by
contrast,
becomes
so
worn
and
unreliable
that
it
eventually
is
not
worth
mending.
But
a
watch
could
never
repair
itself
—it
does
not
consist
of
living
parts,
only
of
metal,
which
wears
away
by
friction.
We
could,
at
one
time,
repair
ourselves—well
enough,
at
least,
to
overcome
all
but
the
most
instantly
fatal
illnesses
and
accidents.
Between
twelve
and
eighty
years
we
gradually
lose
this
power,
an
illness
which
at
twelve
would
knock
us
over,
at
eighty
can
knock
us
out,
and
into
our
grave.
If
we
could
stay
as
vigorous
as
we
are
at
twelve,
it
would
take
about
700
years
for
half
of
us
to
die,
and
another
700
for
the
survivors
to
be
reduced
by
half
again.
4.
Which
of
the
following
statements
is
INCORRECT?
A.
Our
first
twelve
years
represent
the
peak
of
human
development.
B.
People
usually
are
unhappy
when
reminded
of
ageing.
C.
Normally
only
a
few
of
us
can
live
to
the
eighties
and
nineties.
D.
People
are
usually
less
likely
to
die
at
twelve
years
old.
5.
The
word
“it”
in
the
last
sentence
of
Paragraph
Two
refers
to
.
A.
remaining
alive
until
65
B.
remaining
alive
after
80
C.
dying
before
65
or
after
80
D.
dying
between
65
and
80
6.
What
is
ageing?
A.
It
is
usually
a
phenomenon
of
dying
at
an
old
age.
B.
It
is
a
fact
that
people
cannot
live
any
longer.
C.
It
is
a
gradual
loss
of
vigor
and
resistance.
D.
It
is
a
phase
when
people
are
easily
attacked
by
illness.
7.
What
do
the
examples
of
watch
show?
A.
Normally
people
are
quite
familiar
with
the
ageing
process.
B.
All
animals
and
other
organisms
undergo
the
ageing
process.
C.
The
law
of
thermodynamics
functions
in
the
ageing
process.
D.
Human’s
ageing
process
is
different
from
that
of
mechanisms.
【答案】4.
A
5.
B
6.
C
7.
D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文围绕“衰老”这一话题展开叙述。指出了人体生命力变化的趋势，12岁最旺盛，人类的衰老不可抗拒，并且人类的衰老和机械装置的衰老过程有很大区别。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“At
the
age
of
twelve
years,
the
human
body
is
at
its
most
vigorous.
It
has
yet
to
reach
its
full
size
and
strength,
and
its
owner
his
or
her
full
intelligence”（人在十二岁的时候，身体最旺盛。但它还没有达到最大和最强力量，还没有达到全部智力发展高峰。）可知，人类的身体在12岁最旺盛，但并没有到达峰值。A“我们的12岁代表了人类发展的峰值”不符合以上说法。故选A。
【5题详解】
猜测词义题。根据第二段中“Some
of
us
will
die
sooner,
a
few
will
live
longer—on
into
a
ninth
or
tenth
decade.”可知，一些人去世较早，少数人能活到90多岁到100岁。根据句中but和下文“there
is
a
virtual
limit
on
how
long
we
can
hope
to
remain
alive”（我们希望存活的时间实际上是有限的）可知，it指代前面提到的活到90多岁到100岁的长寿情况。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“Earlier,
we
were
infants
and
young
children,
and
consequently
more
vulnerable
(易受伤害的),
later,
we
shall
undergo
a
progressive
loss
of
our
vigor
and
resistance
which,
though
unnoticeable
at
first,
will
finally
become
so
steep
that
we
can
live
no
longer,
however
well
we
look
after
ourselves,
and
however
well
society,
and
our
doctors,
look
after
us.”（之前，我们是婴幼儿，因此更加脆弱、容易受到伤害；后来，我们将经历一个逐渐失去精力和抵抗力的过程，尽管这个过程一开始不太明显，但它最终会势不可挡，无论我们自己、社会以及医生把我们照顾地多么好。）和第二段的“This
decline
in
vigor
with
the
passing
of
time
is
called
ageing.”（精力随着时间的推移而衰退叫做衰老。）可知，衰老是一个精力和抵抗力逐渐衰退的自然过程。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“But
a
watch
could
never
repair
itself—it
does
not
consist
of
living
parts,
only
of
metal,
which
wears
away
by
friction.
We
could,
at
one
time,
repair
ourselves—well
enough,
at
least,
to
overcome
all
but
the
most
instantly
fatal
illnesses
and
accidents.”可知，破损的手表由于自身结构问题，不能像人类一样进行自我修复。人类的自我修复可以在一定程度上缓解病痛，延长生命。由此推知，用手表的例子是为了说明人类和手表等机械装置的衰老是有较大区别的。故选D。
C
Once
upon
a
time,
science
fiction
was
just
a
style
among
other
styles.
There
were
crime
stories,
there
were
horror
stories,
there
was
literary
fiction,
and
there
was
science
fiction.
But
today
science
themes
dominate
these
other
styles.
It's
difficult
to
think
of
much
modern
crime,
horror
or
“serious”
fiction
that
doesn't
involve
science.
And
its
not
just
books.
With
every
second
movie
and
computer
game
having
a
sci-fi
element,
science
fiction
seems
to
have
controlled
our
entire
entertainment
culture.
It's
clear
that
if
we
want
to
define
science
fiction,
we
should
relate
it
to
the
role
that
science
plays
in
our
lives.
Although
some
experts
have
claimed
to
be
able
to
trace
sci-fi
back
to
ancient
times,
it
is
more
reasonable
to
find
it
in
initial
form
in
the
19th
century,
when
industrial
societies
arose.
One
of
the
features
that
set
industrial
societies
apart
from
other
kinds
was
the
increasing
part
that
science
played
in
everyday
life.
Factories
with
vast
machines
turned
out
huge
quantities
of
goods,
which
were
transported
by
trains,
motor
vehicles
and
ships
all
over
the
world.
Cities
were
built
on
the
back
of
technology,
with
electricity
in
homes
and
hospitals
helping
everyone
to
lead
healthier,
more
convenient
lives.
All
of
these
changes
had
great
effects
not
only
on
people's
real
lives,
but
on
their
imaginative
ones.
Writers
began
to
describe
these
changing
physical
and
mental
landscapes,
eventually
giving
science
fiction
a
large
and
devoted
fan
base
of
especially
young
readers,
who
found
that
it
spoke
to
their
curiosity
about
the
future
that
science
would
create.
But
sci-fiction
reflected
fears
about
science
more
than
it
did
hopes.
These
typical
early
science
fiction
novels
might
be
a
UK
novel
like
H.
G.
Wells'
The
War
of
the
worlds（1897）.
With
great
skill,
Wells
played
upon
the
fears
of
technology
by
imagining
Earth
under
threat
by
a
civilization-that
of
men
from
Mars.
The
science
fiction
of
today
expresses
the
impact
of
the
computing
revolution,
robotics
and
our
environmental
challenges,
while
it
is
less
concerned
with
“little
green
men
from
Mar”
and
other
themes
of
past
sci-fiction.
Given
that
science,
technology
and
polities
are
always
intertwined,
contemporary
science
fiction
often
has
a
great
deal
to
say
about
power.
Many
recent
novels-like
American
Cory
Doctorow's
Little
Brother（2008）-are
concerned
with
government
and
security
service
“conspiracies（阴谋）”
against
the
people,
particularly
as
the
revelations
of
whistleblowers
like
Edward
Snowden
sink
in.
This
can
give
sci-fi
writing
a
“skeptical（怀疑的）”
feel.
This
underlines
one
of
the
features
that
remains
constant
between
the
beginnings
of
the
empire
of
science
fiction
and
its
state
today.
As
then,
so
now:
We
want
to
read
about
how
fearful
the
future
will
be,
not
how
it
will
be
a
paradise.
8.
According
to
the
first
paragraph,
we
know
that
________.
A.
science
fiction
used
to
take
the
leadership
in
literature
B.
horror
story
and
literary
fiction
have
initiated
science
fiction
C.
modern
fiction
reflects
the
influence
of
science
fiction
D.
science
fiction
is
the
dominant
literature
style
at
present
time
9.
What
caused
science
fiction
to
appear
in
the
19th
century?
A.
The
curiosity
of
young
readers
about
the
future.
B.
The
changes
that
the
industrial
revolution
brought
about.
C.
People's
stretched
imagination
affected
by
their
real
life.
D.
People's
fears
about
science
rather
than
hopes.
10.
According
to
the
passage,
what
do
we
know
about
the
early
science
fiction?
A.
It
aroused
people's
curiosity
of
science
on
daily
life.
B.
It
intensified
people's
worries
about
the
social
problems.
C.
It
promoted
people's
understanding
of
the
true
value
of
science.
D.
It
conveyed
an
atmosphere
of
imaginary
anxieties
to
people.
11.
Which
of
the
following
can
be
inferred
from
the
passage?
A.
Despite
the
content,
the
theme
of
science
fiction
remains
the
same.
B.
The
fear
of
outer
space
attack
has
long
been
a
worry
among
people
of
times.
C.
The
appearance
of
science
fiction
has
caused
misunderstanding
among
people.
D.
Science
fiction
is
weakening
government
power
implemented
on
people.
【答案】8.
C
9.
B
10.
D
11.
A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科幻小说对其他文体的影响，并介绍其起源和现代科幻小说与以前的不同。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“But
today
science
themes
dominate
these
other
styles.
It's
difficult
to
think
of
much
modern
crime,
horror
or
“serious”
fiction
that
doesn't
involve
science.(但今天，科学主题主导了其他风格。很难想象有多少现代犯罪、恐怖或“严肃”小说不涉及科学。)”可知，现代小说受到了科幻小说的影响。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Although
some
experts
have
claimed
to
be
able
to
trace
sci-fi
back
to
ancient
times,
it
is
more
reasonable
to
find
it
in
initial
form
in
the
19th
century,
when
industrial
societies
arose.
(尽管一些专家声称科幻小说可以追溯到古代，但更合理的说法是科幻小说最早出现在19世纪，那时工业社会刚刚兴起。)”和“All
of
these
changes
had
great
effects
not
only
on
people's
real
lives,
but
on
their
imaginative
ones.(所有这些变化不仅对人们的现实生活产生了巨大影响，而且对他们想象中的生活也产生了巨大影响。)”可知，工业革命带来的变化导致科幻小说出现在19世纪。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“But
sci-fiction
reflected
fears
about
science
more
than
it
did
hopes.
These
typical
early
science
fiction
novels
might
be
a
UK
novel
like
H.
G.
Wells'
The
War
of
the
worlds（1897）.
With
great
skill,
Wells
played
upon
the
fears
of
technology
by
imagining
Earth
under
threat
by
a
civilization-that
of
men
from
Mars.
(但科幻小说反映的更多的是对科学的恐惧，而不是希望。这些典型的早期科幻小说可能是一部英国小说，如H.
G.
Wells的《世界大战》(1897)。Wells以高超的技巧，通过想象地球受到来自火星的人类文明的威胁，演绎了人们对科技的恐惧。)”可知，早期的科幻小说向人们传达了一种想象中的担心和恐惧气氛。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第六段“The
science
fiction
of
today
expresses
the
impact
of
the
computing
revolution,
robotics
and
our
environmental
challenges,
while
it
is
less
concerned
with
“little
green
men
from
Mar”
and
other
themes
of
past
sci-fiction.
(今天的科幻小说表达了计算机革命、机器人和我们面临的环境挑战的影响，而对“来自火星的小绿人”和过去科幻小说的其他主题关注较少。)”可推断，尽管不同时期的科幻小说内容不同，但主题还是一样的。故选A。
D
American
writer
A.N.DEVERS
was
at
a
rare-book
fair
in
New
York
City
in
2015
when
she
noticed
a
Joan
Didion
title
selling
for
just
$25.
Then
she
saw
the
price
tag
of
a
novel
by
the
equally
famous
Cormac
McCarthy:
about
$600.
“I
realized
we
don’t
value
women’s
work
the
same
way
we
do
men’s,”
Devers
says.
“It’s
depressing.
But
it’s
also
exciting,
because
I
can
do
something
about
it.”
Three
years
later,
after
moving
to
London
and
joining
the
U.K.’s
booming
rare-book
trade,
Devers
opened
the
red
doors
of
her
new
bookstore,
the
Second
Shelf.
Located
in
a
quiet
courtyard
off
the
busy
streets
of
London’s
Soho,
the
store
almost
exclusively
stocks
rare
books
by
women
(alongside
a
handful
of
male-authored
books
about
women).
The
focus
is
modern
fiction:
Elizabeth
Bowen
novels,
romances
by
Rosamunde
Pilcher,
poetry
by
Ntozake
Shange.
Devers’
skill
for
finding
overlooked
jewels
was
polished
during
a
childhood
of
Visits
to
yard
sales
in
towns
across
the
U.S.,
a
result
of
her
family’s
following
her
father’s
Air
Force
job.
Some
of
her
most
sought-after
recent
finds
were
works
by
Miriam
Tlali,
the
first
black
woman
to
publish
a
novel
in
South
Africa.
Devers
hit
on
her
1975
debut
in
a
charity
store
and
quickly
sourced
and
sold
15
more
Tlali
books.
In
collecting
these
works,
the
Second
Shelf
is
correcting
a
historical
imbalance
that
has
allowed
women’s
literary
achievements
to
be
eclipsed.
Bookdealers
have
tended
to
be
men;
much
of
the
trade’s
early
material
was
collected
by
“country
gentlemen
who
ran
estates
and
amassed
libraries
of
books
to
show
their
wealth
and
intelligence,”
Devers
says.
She
argues
that
they’ve
been
like
their
peers
in
other
male-led
creative
industries
—
including
television,
film
and
the
news
media
—
in
that
“they
focus
on
themselves.”
That
past
contributes
to
a
plain
absence
of
women’s
work
among
the
books
considered
to
be
valuable
cultural
objects.
In
January,
the
Second
Shelf
went
viral
(走红)
on
Twitter
after
Devers
pointed
out
that
only
nine
books
by
women
appeared
in
a
list,
produced
by
a
trade
website,
of
the
500
biggest
sales
at
auction
in
the
books-and-paper
field
last
year.
Even
among
more
recently
published
works,
a
2018
study
found,
titles
by
women
are
on
average
priced
45%
lower
than
books
by
men.
In
recent
years,
calls
have
gone
out
to
read
only
books
by
women
for
a
year
and
for
universities
to
expand
their
curriculums.
The
observance
of
Women’s
History
Month
in
the
U.S.
has
also
made
March
a
time
for
publishers
to
suggest
fitting
reading
lists.
Devers’
shop
is
the
physical
site
of
that
movement
challenging
the
current
situation.
“We’ve
been
taught
to
find
value
in
something
really
narrow,”
she
says.
“It’s
time
to
explore
something
different.”
12.
The
first
paragraph
tells
the
readers
_________.
A.
why
Devers
named
her
shop
the
Second
Shelf
B.
how
Devers
was
exposed
to
rare
book
trade
C
what
motivated
Devers
to
open
the
Second
Shelf
D.
where
Devers
first
came
across
women’s
literary
works
13.
The
underlined
word
“eclipse”
in
the
fourth
paragraph
means_________.
A.
fully
exposed
B.
partially
concealed
C.
seriously
treated
D.
roughly
explained
14.
Which
may
explain
the
absence
of
the
great
literary
works
by
women?
A.
The
trade
used
to
be
dominated
by
men.
B.
Women
writers’
ideas
conflict
with
the
bookdealers’.
C.
Males
tend
to
be
productive
in
the
creative
industry.
D.
The
majority
of
male
readers
don’t
read
modern
fiction.
15.
What
can
be
inferred
from
the
passage?
A.
In
recent
years,
university
curriculums
have
emphasized
books
by
women.
B.
Women’s
History
Month
has
pushed
women
writers
to
be
more
productive.
C.
More
physical
bookstores
like
Devers’
are
needed
to
change
the
situation.
D.
The
Second
Shelf
is
helping
turn
a
page
for
women
in
literature.
【答案】12.
C
13.
B
14.
A
15.
D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述Devers发现女性文学作品没有得到和男性作品同等的待遇，决定为女性作品做些事情。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。由第一段中的“I
realized
we
don’t
value
women’s
work
the
same
way
we
do
men’s,”
Devers
says.
“It’s
depressing.
But
it’s
also
exciting,
because
I
can
do
something
about
it.”可知，“我意识到，我们并不像重视男性工作那样重视女性的工作，”
Devers说。“这是令人沮丧的。但这也很令人兴奋，因为我可以为此做些什么。”由此可见，第一段告诉读者是什么驱使Devers开设了the
Second
Shelf。故选C。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。分析本句可知，“hat
has
allowed
women'
s
literary
achievements
to
be
eclipsed.”在句子作定语，对名词a
historical
imbalance进行修饰说明，a
historical
imbalance表示的是历史的不平衡，由此可测，这种不平衡引起女性文学成就遭到不好的待遇，eclipsed应该表达的是一种不好的语境，结合选项，选项B，表示的是有偏见地被隐藏，符合语境。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段的第二句Bookdealers
have
tended
to
be
men;
much
of
the
trade’s
early
material
was
collected
by
“country
gentlemen
who
ran
estates
and
amassed
libraries
of
books
to
show
their
wealth
and
intelligence,”可知，书商一直倾向于是男性，许多的贸易早期资料被乡绅收集，他们经营房地产并且积累了一图书馆的书去显示他们的财富和智慧。由此可见，贸易过去常常被男性控制，导致了女性文学作品的缺失。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。由第四段的第一句In
collecting
these
works,
the
Second
Shelf
is
correcting
a
historical
imbalance
that
has
allowed
women'
s
literary
achievements
to
be
eclipsed.和最后一段的第三句Devers’
shop
is
the
physical
site
of
that
movement
challenging
the
current
situation.可知，在收集这些作品的时候，书店the
Second
Shelf
正在纠正历史的不平衡，这个不平衡已经让女性文学成就变得黯然失色了。Devers的书店是那场挑战现状的运动的实质性地点。由此可见，Devers的书店The
Second
Shelf一直在为女性文学的改变提供帮助。故选D。
【点睛】词义猜测题解题技巧之一：利用定语从句的语法功能解题。定语从句是对句中某个名词进行修饰说明，我们可以通过对名词的理解或者定语从句的理解，推测要猜测的词义。如本小题2，分析本句可知，“hat
has
allowed
women'
s
literary
achievements
to
be
eclipsed.”在句子是定语从句，对名词a
historical
imbalance进行修饰说明，a
historical
imbalance表示的是历史的不平衡，由此可测，这种不平衡引起女性文学成就遭到不好的待遇，eclipsed应该表达的是一种不好的语境，结合选项，选项B，表示的是有偏见地被隐藏，符合语境，故选B。
第二节
(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。期中有两项为多于选项。
Profitable
Senior
Service
Businesses
You
Can
Start
Today
This
year,
almost
4
million
Americans
will
turn
65.
That
number
will
continue
to
grow
for
the
next
two
decades.
By
2030,
it
will
grow
to
over
75million
people.
____16____In
fact,
the
U.S.
Department
of
f
Labor
forecasts
that
senior
service
jobs
will
be
the
fastest-growing
part
of
the
job
market
for
many
years
to
come.
____17____As
most
seniors
want
to
stay
independent
as
long
as
possible,
they,
or
their
grown-up
children,
plan
to
use
that
increased
wealth
to
make
their
lives
better
in
their
senior
years.
This
will
provide
an
abundance
of
moneymaking
opportunities.
Because
most
seniors
want
to
age
in
place
in
their
own
homes,
they
often
need
help
with
daily
tasks
like
meal
preparation
and
housekeeping.
Many
are
unable
to
drive
and
need
reliable
transportation
for
shopping
trips
and
doctor's
appointments.
____18____
Seniors
also
often
need
a
reliable
resource
person-a
“senior
concierge”-to
handle
the
tasks
they
are
unable
to
do,
such
as
scheduling
home
repairs,
buying
groceries
or
taking
a
pet
to
the
vet.
____19____
There
comes
a
time-usually
in
their
70s
or
80s-when
seniors
downsize
and
move
to
a
much
smaller
residence
or
a
retirement
community.____20____They
help
reduce
the
emotional
stress
associated
with
moving,
so
a
senior
has
a
gentle,
and
smooth
transition
to
their
new
home.
The
growing
number
of
seniors,
and
the
service
jobs
they
are
creating,
mean
new
opportunities
for
anyone
who
wants
to
start
a
business
serving
seniors.
If
you're
looking
for
a
rewarding
job
or
home-based
business
providing
essential
services
to
this
growing
population
of
seniors,
you'll
find
plenty
of
choices.
A.
The
service
can
be
started
with
just
a
few
hundred
dollars.
B.
Some
senior
service
businesses
require
specialized
medical
training.
C.
Their
homes
need
to
be
as
fall-proof
as
possible,
to
prevent
accidents.
D.
A
senior
relocation
service
professional
helps
those
folks
organize
that
move.
E.
That
will
bring
many
senior
service
jobs
for
those
who
are
caring
and
capable.
F.
Seniors
today
are
richer
than
ever
before
with
31
percent
enjoying
“high
income.”
G.
A
senior
concierge
can
fill
in
when
the
children
of
an
elderly
parent
can't
be
there
to
help.
【答案】16.
E
17.
F
18.
C
19.
G
20.
D
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了一些专门服务老年人的高级服务职位。
【16题详解】
文章第一段“This
year,
almost
4
million
Americans
will
turn
65.
That
number
will
continue
to
grow
for
the
next
two
decades.
By
2030,
it
will
grow
to
over
75million
people.（今年，将近400万美国人将年满65岁。这一数字在未来20年将继续增长。到2030年，人口将超过7500万。）”说明美国人口现状。下文In
fact,
the
U.S.
Department
of
f
Labor
forecasts
that
senior
service
jobs
will
be
the
fastest-growing
part
of
the
job
market
for
many
years
to
come.（事实上，美国劳工部预测，在未来许多年，高级服务职位将是就业市场增长最快的部分。）表示了对未来就业情况的预测。E项中的“That”指代的是上文的美国人口现状，“senior
service
jobs”与下文一致。故选E项。
【17题详解】
根据设空处下文“As
most
seniors
want
to
stay
independent
as
long
as
possible,
they,
or
their
grown-up
children,
plan
to
use
that
increased
wealth
to
make
their
lives
better
in
their
senior
years.（由于大多数老年人希望尽可能长时间保持独立，他们或他们的成年子女计划利用这些增加的财富，让他们的老年生活得更好。）”可知设空处说的是老年人的收入情况。F项中的“Seniors
are
richer”与下文“increased
wealth”一致。故选F项。
【18题详解】
通过上文“Because
most
seniors
want
to
age
in
place
in
their
own
homes,
they
often
need
help
with
daily
tasks
like
meal
preparation
and
housekeeping.
Many
are
unable
to
drive
and
need
reliable
transportation
for
shopping
trips
and
doctor's
appointments.
（因为大多数老年人都想在自己家里安享晚年，所以他们经常需要帮助做一些日常工作，比如做饭和家务。许多人不能开车，需要可靠的交通工具来购物和预约医生。）”以及下文“Seniors
also
often
need
a
reliable
resource
person-a
“senior
concierge”-to
handle
the
tasks
they
are
unable
to
do,
such
as
scheduling
home
repairs,
buying
groceries
or
taking
a
pet
to
the
vet.（老年人也经常需要一个可靠的顾问-一个“高级看门人”来处理他们无法完成的任务，比如安排家庭维修、购买杂货或带宠物去看兽医。）”结合上下文可知老年人需要雇人来完成他们做不到的事情。C项表示他们的家需要尽可能防坠落，以防发生意外。这种情况需要雇人维修，符合文意。故选C项。
【19题详解】
上文“Seniors
also
often
need
a
reliable
resource
person-a
“senior
concierge”-to
handle
the
tasks
they
are
unable
to
do,
such
as
scheduling
home
repairs,
buying
groceries
or
taking
a
pet
to
the
vet.（老年人也经常需要一个可靠的顾问-一个“高级看门人”来处理他们无法完成的任务，比如安排家庭维修、购买杂货或带宠物去看兽医。）”提出了一个“高级看门人”的职业。G项指出当年迈父母的子女不能在那里帮忙时，高级门房可以代替。且G项中的“A
senior
concierge”与上文一致。故选G项。
【20题详解】
设空处上文“There
comes
a
time-usually
in
their
70s
or
80s-when
seniors
downsize
and
move
to
a
much
smaller
residence
or
a
retirement
community.（通常在70或80多岁的时候，老年人会缩小规模，搬到更小的住所或退休社区。）”说明老年人通常会在70或80多岁的时候搬迁。D项意为一位高级搬迁服务专业人员会帮助这些人组织搬迁，符合文意。故选D项。
第三部分
语言知识应用(共两小节，满分30分)
第一节
完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
In
the
United
States,
there
have
been
no
deaths
from
commercial
airline
accidents
since
2013.
In
fact,
for
decades,
there
has
been
a
general
___21___
trend
in
the
number
of
accidents
per
departure.
Complex
systems
are
more
likely
to
suffer
from
failures,
but
commercial
aviation
(航空)
seems
to
be
a(n)
___22___.
Since
the
1960s,
U.S.
commercial
aviation
has
become
significantly
more
complex,
and
yet,
flying
has
become
safer.
What
lies
behind
this
remarkable
trend
is
a
handful
of
smart
approaches
to
___23___.
Here
are
two
of
them.
Teach
people
to
speak
up—and
to
listen
A
common
error
during
airplane
accidents
used
to
be
the
___24___
of
first
officers
to
question
the
captain’s
poor
decisions.
When
the
captain
was
flying
the
airplane,
he
was
hard
to
challenge,
and
his
mistakes
went
___25___.
All
this
began
to
change
in
the
late
1970s
with
a
training
program
known
as
Crew
Resource
Management
(CRM).
The
program
revolutionized
the
___26___
not
just
of
the
cockpit
(机舱)
but
also
of
the
whole
industry.
It
reframed
safety
as
a
___27___
issue
and
put
all
crew
members
on
more
equal
footing.
It
was
no
longer
___28___
to
question
the
decisions
of
a
superior;
it
was
required.
And
CRM
taught
crew
members
the?language
of
disagreement.
The
lesson
isn’t
simply
that
people
lower
down
in
the
___29___
should
speak
up
and
higher-ups
should
listen.
What
CRM
has
shown
is
that
people
can
be
taught
to
speak
up
and
to
listen.
The
ability
to
express
and
embrace
___30___
isn’t
hardwired
in
our
personality
or
cultural
background;
it’s
a
skill
we
can
learn.
Learn
from
small
failures
and
close
calls
In
1976,
the
US
Federal
Aviation
Administration
created
an
industry-wide
system
to
collect
safety
reports.
The
Aviation
Safety
Reporting
System
(ASRS)
collects
thousands
of
reports
each
month.
Beyond
receiving
immunity
(豁免权)
for
a
mistake,
it’s
a
point
of
___31___
for
pilots
to
submit
ASRS
reports.
They
know
the
reports
make
air
travel
safer.
The
reports
are
stored
in
a
searchable
database
that
anyone
can
___32___,
and
National
Aeronautics
and
Space
Administration
(NASA)
highlights
safety
trends
in
its
monthly
newsletter,?Callback.
Here,
too,
there
is
a
___33___
lesson.
Small
mistakes
and
near
misses
can
be
a
rich
source
of
data
about
what
might
___34___
in
our
system.
Mistakes
shouldn’t
be
___35___.
By
openly
sharing
stories
of
failures
and
near
failures,
we
can
treat
errors
as
an
opportunity
to
learn.
21.
A.
similar
B.
steady
C.
long-term
D.
downward
22.
A.
example
B.
exception
C.
symbol
D.
alternative
23.
A.
assessment
B.
management
C.
competition
D.
contribution
24.
A.
failure
B.
effort
C.
pressure
D.
convenience
25.
A.
predictable
B.
imaginary
C.
unchecked
D.
unforgiven
26.
A.
performance
B.
structure
C.
culture
D.
standard
27.
A.
team
B.
state
C.
side
D.
policy
28.
A.
immoral
B.
unrewarding
C.
disrespectful
D.
inconvenient
29.
A.
age
B.
position
C.
salary
D.
attractiveness
30.
A.
excitement
B.
discomfort
C.
respect
D.
disagreement
31.
A.
pride
B.
sacrifice
C.
entertainment
D.
literacy
32.
A.
create
B.
afford
C.
analyze
D.
access
33.
A.
broader
B.
clearer
C.
more
bitter
D.
more
costly
34.
A.
break
out
B.
go
wrong
C.
take
shape
D.
slow
down
35.
A.
obstacles
B.
failures
C.
experiments
D.
secrets
【答案】21.
D
22.
B
23.
B
24.
A
25.
C
26.
C
27.
A
28.
C
29.
B
30.
D
31.
A
32.
D
33.
A
34.
B
35.
D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。在美国，自2013年以来，没有人死于商业航空事故。事实上，几十年来，事故数量总体呈下降趋势。在这一引人注目的趋势背后，隐藏着一些聪明的管理方法，文章主要介绍了其中两个航空领域的管理办法。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，几十年来，每次起飞的事故数量总体呈下降趋势。A.
similar相似的；B.
steady稳定的；C.
long-term长期的；D.
downward向下的、下降的。结合上文“In
the
United
States,
there
have
been
no
deaths
from
commercial
airline
accidents
since
2013.”可知，在美国，自2013年以来，没有人死于商业航空事故，说明航空事故呈下降趋势。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：复杂的系统更容易出现故障，但商业航空似乎是个例外。A.
example例子；B.
exception例外；C.
symbol标志；D.
alternative选择。结合上文“In
the
United
States,
there
have
been
no
deaths
from
commercial
airline
accidents
since
2013.”以及“Complex
systems
are
more
likely
to
suffer
from
failures,
but
commercial
aviation
seems
to
be
an”可知，美国的航空自2013年以来没有人死于航空事故，说明虽然复杂的系统更容易出现故障，但商业航空似乎是个例外。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这一引人注目的趋势背后，隐藏着一些聪明的管理方法。A.
assessment评价；B.
management管理；C.
competition竞争；D.
contribution贡献。结合后文提到的“All
this
began
to
change
in
the
late
1970s
with
a
training
program
known
as
Crew
Resource
Management
(CRM).”可知后文主要说明的是两个航空业的管理办法。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：飞机事故中一个常见的错误是副驾驶未能对机长的错误决定提出质疑。A.
failure失败；B.
effort努力；C.
pressure压力；D.
convenience方便。结合前后文语境“A
common
error
during
airplane
accidents
used
to
be
the
…
of
first
officers
to
question
the
captain’s
poor
decisions.”可知，飞机事故中一个常见的错误是副驾驶未能对机长的错误决定提出质疑，be
the
failure
of
sb.此处理解为某人未能做成某事。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当机长驾驶飞机时，他很难被挑战，他的错误没有得到遏制。A.
predictable可预测的；B.
imaginary虚构的；C.
unchecked未经检查的；D.
unforgiven不可饶恕的。结合上文“When
the
captain
was
flying
the
airplane,
he
was
hard
to
challenge,
and
his
mistakes
went”可知，以前的机长在飞机上拥有绝对权威，因此他的错误很难得到遏制，go
unchecked此处表示“放任不管”。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：该项目不仅彻底改变了驾驶舱文化，也改变了整个行业的文化。A.
performance表演；B.
structure结构；C.
culture文化；D.
standard标准。结合后文“put
all
crew
members
on
more
equal
footing”提到了机组人员地位更加平等，可知该项目改变了驾驶舱的文化。故选C。
27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它将安全重新定义为一个团队问题，并让所有机组人员处于更加平等的地位。A.
team队伍；B.
state州；C.
side方面；D.
policy政策。根据后文“put
all
crew
members
on
more
equal
footing”可知该项目将安全重新定义为一个团队问题，并让所有机组人员处于更加平等的地位。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：质疑上级的决定不再是不尊重，而是必需的。A.
immoral不道德的；B.
unrewarding无报酬的；C.
disrespectful无礼的；D.
inconvenient不方便的。结合后文“to
question
the
decisions
of
a
superior”以及常识，质疑上级的决定是不尊重的表现。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个教训并不简单地告诉我们，职位较低人应该大声发言，高层应该倾听。A.
age年龄；B.
position职位，位置；C.
salary工资；D.
attractiveness吸引力。结合后文“should
speak
up
and
higher-ups
should
listen”可知此处指飞机上高低职位的人。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：表达和接受不同意见的能力并不是我们的个性或文化背景所固有的，这是一种我们可以学习的技能。A.
excitement激动；B.
discomfort不安；C.
respect尊重；D.
disagreement不同意。对应上文中“And
CRM
taught
crew
members
the
language
of
disagreement.”指接受不同意见。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了为错误获得豁免权，飞行员提交ASRS报告也是一件值得骄傲的事。A.
pride自豪；B.
sacrifice牺牲；C.
entertainment娱乐；D.
literacy读写能力。结合后文“They
know
the
reports
make
air
travel
safer.”可知飞行员认为提交ASRS报告也是一件值得骄傲的事，因为这让飞行更安全。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：报告存储在一个任何人都可以访问的可搜索数据库中，美国国家航空航天局在其每月通讯《回叫》中强调了安全趋势。A.
create创造；B.
afford买得起；C.
analyze分析；D.
access访问，接近。结合上文“The
reports
are
stored
in
a
searchable
database
that
anyone
can”可知指任何人都可以访问数据库应用access。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这里也有一个更广泛的教训。A.
broader更广泛的；B.
clearer更清楚的；C.
more
bitter更苦涩的；D.
more
costly更昂贵的。结合后文提到的错误不应该是秘密，而是可以把错误当作一个学习的机会，可推知这其中蕴含了一个更为广泛的经验教训。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：小错误和差点失误可以成为我们系统可能出错的丰富数据来源。A.
break
out爆发；B.
go
wrong出毛病；C.
take
shape形成；D.
slow
down减速。结合上文“Small
mistakes
and
near
misses
can
be
a
rich
source
of
data
about
what
might”可知小错误和差点失误可以成为我们系统可能出错的丰富数据来源。go
wrong表示“出错，出毛病”符合语境。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：错误不应该是秘密。A.
obstacles障碍；B.
failures失败；C.
experiments实验；D.
secrets秘密。根据后文“By
openly
sharing
stories
of
failures
and
near
failures,
we
can
treat
errors
as
an
opportunity
to
learn.”可知通过公开地分享失败和濒临失败的故事，我们可以把错误当作一个学习的机会，所以错误不应该是秘密。故选D。
第二节
语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
The
Rise
of
Robot-Chefs
CREATOR
is
a
new
hamburger
joint
in
San
Francisco.
It
now
claims
to
deliver
a
burger
worth
$18
for
$6-in
other
words,
___36___(provide)
the
quality
associated
with
expensive
restaurants
at
a
fast-food
price.
What
matters
behind
this
claim
is
that
its
chef
is
a
robot.
Creator’s
burger
robot
is
a
trolley-sized
unit
that
has
a
footprint
of
two
square
metre.
Customers
send
it
their
orders
via
a
tablet.
They
are
able
to
cook
everything
from
___37___
well-done
the
burger
will
be
to
the
type
of
cheese
and
toppings
they
want.
The
process
sounds
rather
simple
now.
But,
in
fact,
the
machine
took
eight
years
to
perfect
after
it
___38___(create).
As
far
back
as
2012,
a
mere
two
years
into
the
project,
it
was
describes
as
“95%
reliable”,
but
that
is
not
enough
for
a
busy
kitchen.
Chopping
tomatoes
was
a
particularly
tough
challenge,
but
even
details
like
the
very
tool___39___
packs
the
burger
into
a
bag
without
squeezing
it
were
tricky
for
the
machine
to
master.
Only
now,
with
a
machine
to
make
reliably
120
burgers
an
hour,
___40___
Alex
Vardakostas,
the
engineer
behind
the
project,
and
his
co-founders,
a
mixture
of
technologists
and
caterers,
feel
confident
enough
to
open
their
first
restaurant.
Creator
is
not
alone.
Other
robot
chefs
have
already
been
working,
____41____(prepare)
entire
meals,
or
soon
will
be,
in
kitchens
in
other
parts
of
the
world.
In
___42___
of
that,
this
new
wave
of
automation
could
signal
a
dramatic
shift
in
the
way
the
fat
food
industry
employs
people.
That
does
not
necessarily
meant
____43____(employ)
fewer
staff.
Rather,
more
of
them
will
be
in
roles
were
they
can
directly
help
customers.
“Creator’s
goal
is
not
to
be
the
most
automated
and
____44____(human-centered)
restaurant,
but
actually
not,”
said
Vardakostas.
It
is
too
early
to
say
whether
this
first
wave
of
robot
chefs
will
develop
well
in
such
a
demanding
environment
as
the
kitchen.
_____45_____
it
does
it's
certain
to
mark
a
change
in
our
relationship
with
cookery.
Cooking
could
be
something
people
choose
to
do
simply
for
the
sheer
pleasure
of
it.
【答案】36.
to
provide
37.
how
38.
had
been
created
39.
that
40.
do
41.
preparing
42.
spite
43.
employing
44.
the
least
human-centered
45.
If
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章对机器人厨师的兴起和发展状况进行了介绍。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：现在，它声称以6美元的价格提供一个价值18美元的汉堡——换句话说，以快餐的价格提供昂贵餐厅的质量。claim
to
do
sth.意为“声称做某事”，为固定搭配，用to
do不定式作宾语。故填to
provide。
【37题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：他们可以烹饪任何东西，从汉堡会做得多好到他们想要的奶酪和配料的类型。在宾语从句well-done
the
burger
will
be中不缺少主语、宾语或表语，且是指汉堡会做得多好，修饰well-done，所以应用how引导。故填how。
【38题详解】
考查动词时态及语态。句意：但事实上，这台机器在诞生后花了8年时间来完善。机器被创造出来发生在花8年时间来完善之前，所以应用过去完成时。动词create和it构成被动关系。故填had
been
created。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：切西红柿是一项特别艰巨的挑战，但就连把汉堡装进袋子而不挤压的工具也很难让机器掌握。在定语从句packs
the
burger
into
a
bag
without
squeezing
it中缺少主语，且先行词为tool，被the
very修饰，所以应用关系代词that。故填that。
【40题详解】
考查部分倒装和一般现在时。句意：直到现在，有了一台每小时能可靠地做出120个汉堡的机器，该项目的工程师亚历克斯·瓦尔达科斯塔斯和他的联合创始人——技术专家和餐饮承办商——才有足够的信心开他们的第一家餐厅。only修饰时间状语now放在句首，句子应用部分倒装，且时态用一般现在时。主语Alex
Vardakostas,
the
engineer
behind
the
project,
and
his
co-founders,
a
mixture
of
technologists
and
caterers为复数，所以应用助动词do。故填do。
【41题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：其他一些机器人厨师已经开始在世界上的其他地方的厨房里工作，为人们准备完整的饭食，或者很快就要开始。prepare和working为并列关系，所以应用现在分词形式。故填preparing。
【42题详解】
考查固定搭配和名词。句意：尽管如此，这波新的自动化浪潮可能标志着脂肪食品行业雇佣员工的方式发生重大转变。前文“Other
robot
chefs
have
already
been
working,
preparing
entire
meals,
or
soon
will
be,
in
kitchens
in
other
parts
of
the
world”和后文“this
new
wave
of
automation
could
signal
a
dramatic
shift
in
the
way
the
fat
food
industry
employs
people”构成转折关系，所以此处应固定搭配in
spite
of表示“尽管”。故填spite。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这并不一定意味着雇佣更少的员工。mean
doing
sth.意为“意味着做某事”，为固定搭配，此处用动名词作宾语。故填employing。
【44题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：创造者的目标不是成为最自动化和最不以人为中心的餐厅，但实际上不是。根据the
most
automated可知，此处应用形容词最高级。因为是最自动化的餐厅，所以也是最不以人为中心的。故填the
least
human-centered。
【45题详解】
考查条件状语从句。句意：如果是这样，那就一定标志着我们与烹饪的关系发生了变化。根据it's
certain
to
mark
a
change
in
our
relationship
with
cookery可知，此处是指“如果是这样”，应用if引导条件状语从句。故填If。
第四部分
写作(共两小节，满分40分)
第一节
应用文写作(满分15分)
46.
假定你是李华，是你校英语俱乐部的成员。今年是中国共产党诞辰一百周年，你校英文报“双
语话中国”（“Talk
about
China
to
the
world"）栏目录制了红色故事系列视频。现面向全校学生招聘志愿者为该系列视频配英文解说。请你为此写一份招聘启事，内容包括：
1.目的
2.条件（擅长英语表达;了解党史;热爱传播红色精神等）
3.报名邮箱：Englishclub@
ahschool.
com
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.短文题目已为你写好。
参考词汇：中国共产党
the
Communist
Party
of
China
（CPC）
解说
narrate
【答案】A
Volunteer
Wanted
To
celebrate
the
100t
birthday
of
the
Communist
Party
of
China,
our
column
has
made
several
videos
featuring
Red
Stories
of
the
CPC.
Some
volunteers
interested
in
narrating
the
videos
are
wanted.
Firstly,
applicants
should
have
a
good
command
of
English.
Speaking
fluent
English
is
a
must.
Secondly,
it
is
important
to
know
much
about
the
history
of
the
CPC,
which
may
help
you
better
understand
the
red
stories.
Last
but
not
least,
it
is
our
duty
to
spread
the
good
spirit
of
the
Party.
Therefore,
whoever
is
enthusiastic
about
it
is
preferred.
Come
and
join
us
soon.
If
you
can't
wait
to
sign
up,
please
send
your
application
to
Englishclub@.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生写一份招聘启事，面向全校学生招聘志愿者为该系列视频配英文解说。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。
结构：总分法
??????总分法是指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1.目的
2.条件（擅长英语表达；了解党史；热爱传播红色精神等）
3.报名邮箱：Englishclub@
ahschool.
com
第二步：列提纲（重点词组）
interested
in；have
a
good
command
of
；help
sb.
do
sth.；spread
the
good
spirit
of
the
Party；can't
wait
to
do
sth.；sign
up
第三步：连词成句
1.To
celebrate
the
100t
birthday
of
the
Communist
Party
of
China,
our
column
has
made
several
videos
featuring
Red
Stories
of
the
CPC.
2.Some
volunteers
interested
in
narrating
the
videos
are
wanted.
3.Applicants
should
have
a
good
command
of
English.
4.Speaking
fluent
English
is
a
must.
5.It
is
important
to
know
much
about
the
history
of
the
CPC,
which
may
help
you
better
understand
the
red
stories.
6.It
is
our
duty
to
spread
the
good
spirit
of
the
Party.
7.Whoever
is
enthusiastic
about
it
is
preferred.
8.Come
and
join
us
soon.
9.If
you
can't
wait
to
sign
up,
please
send
your
application
to
Englishclub@.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态的问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：Firstly，Secondly，Last
but
not
least
2.表因果关系：Therefore
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
第五步：润色修改
【点睛】[高分句型1]
To
celebrate
the
100t
birthday
of
the
Communist
Party
of
China,
our
column
has
made
several
videos
featuring
Red
Stories
of
the
CPC.（动词不定式作目的状语）
[高分句型2]
It
is
important
to
know
much
about
the
history
of
the
CPC,
which
may
help
you
better
understand
the
red
stories.（it作形式主语，动词不定式为真正的主语，which引导非限制性定语从句）
第二节
读后续写
(满分25分)
47.
Norwood,
a
junior
at
St.
Petersburg^
Lakewood
High
School,
participated
in
the
school’s
Athletic
Lifestyle
Management
Academy.
The
program
prepares
students
for
various
careers
in
health
science
with
two
components.
The
first
one
is
a
hands-on
skills
component
where
the
students
have
to
demonstrate
that
they
are
expert
in
the
skills
of
adult,
child
and
infant
CPR
（心
肺复苏术），how
to
help
somebody
who's
choking,
as
well
as
how
to
use
an
AED
（自动体外除
颤仪）.And
the
other
is
a
written
test
component,
showing
that
they
master
that
knowledge.
Norwood
took
a
great
interest
in
the
programme,
which
was
in
line
with
her
initial
career
pursuit
in
the
future.
On
the
first
day
of
the
programme,
her
instructor
Miller
did
vital
signs
and
students
learned
how
to
take
blood
pressure,
check
pulse,
and
apply
CPR.
Norwood
watched
closely
and
performed
the
hand-on
skills
well.
Norwood
and
Simmons
shared
a
long
friendship.
They
had
been
friends
since
the
seventh
grade
and
since
then
they
had
built
an
unbreakable
bond.
The
following
day
after
school,
the
16-
year-old
girl
Norwood
was
driving
three
friends
home
in
St.
Petersburg,
Florida,
when
another
driver
slammed
into
her
from
her
left
and
sent
her
car
rushing
forward
in
an
uncontrollable
way.
“We
crashed
in
someone's
yard
and
I
hit
the
tree,"
Norwood
said.
The
impact
jammed
shut
the
driver's
side
door,
so
Norwood
climbed
out
of
the
front
window.
Two
of
her
friends
managed
to
get
out
of
the
car
unharmed,
but
the
collision
caused
her
16-year-old
friend
Simmons
to
hit
her
head
on
the
backseat
window.
When
Norwood
turned
around,
she
didn't
see
Simmons
running
with
them
so
she
had
to
run
back
to
the
car
as
fast
as
she
could.
Simmons
was
just
sitting
there
unresponsive.
Apparently,
she
passed
out
owing
to
the
huge
impact
force.
The
unexpected
crash
left
the
girls
in
panic.
A
lot
of
people
started
to
gather
around
to
see
what
was
happening.
The
crowd
watched
in
astonishment,
open-mouthed.
Someone
advised
to
make
an
emergency
call
immediately.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph
1
：
And
that
was
when
the
training
Norwood
had
just
learned
kicked
in.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph
2
：
When
Miller
and
her
students
learned
about
the
news,
they
were
at
a
loss
of
words
and
so
proud.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph
1:
And
that
was
when
the
training
Norwood
had
just
learned
kicked
in.
She
started
yelling,
“Back
up!
Back
up!
She
needs
space!”
She
pulled
Simmons
out
of
the
back
seat,
avoiding
broken
glass
from
the
window.
Then
she
checked
her
pulse
on
the
neck
and
put
her
head
against
Simmons’chest,
before
she
started
doing
CPR
on
her
immediately.
After
the
30
compressions
and
two
rescue
breaths,
Simmons
regained
consciousness.
The
ambulance
quickly
arived
and
Simmons
was
rushed
to
the
hospital
without
delay,
where
she
received
stitches
for
acut
in
her
forehead.
Paragraph
2:
When
Miller
and
her
students
learned
about
the
news,
they
were
at
a
loss
of
words
and
so
proud.
“I
was
just
absolutely
astounded,
”
Miller
said.
“It
is
so
astonishing
that
Norwood
should
rescue
her
friend
with
the
knowledge
and
skills
she
learned
in
such
a
short
time.
This
is
what
every
teacher
dreams
of.”
Simmons
was
overwhelmingly
touched
by
her
friend
and
conveyed
her
sincere
gratitude
to
Norwood,
tears
streaming
down
her
cheeks.
But
for
Norwood’s
quick
thinking,
she
couldn’t
have
been
rescued
and
recovered
so
well.
Brimming
with
pride
and
confidence,
Norwood
strengthened
her
determination
to
pursue
a
career
in
the
medical
field.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了圣彼得堡莱克伍德高中的一名三年级学生诺伍德和好朋友西蒙斯发生车祸的故事。在佛罗里达州圣彼得堡的家，诺伍德载着三个朋友，这时另一名司机从她的左边撞上了她，她的车以不可控制的方式向前冲去。她和另两个朋友毫发无损，而西蒙斯由于撞击晕了过去。诺伍德在学校的运动生活方式管理学院刚刚学到的训练开始发挥作用。西蒙斯恢复了意识。救护车很快赶到，西蒙斯立即被送往医院。西蒙斯被她的朋友深深感动了，向诺伍德表达了她真诚的感激之情。诺伍德心中充满自豪和自信，她坚定了追求医学事业的决心。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“就在这时，诺伍德刚刚学到的训练开始发挥作用。”可知，第一段可描写诺伍德在救护车到来之前是如何抢救西蒙斯的。
②由第二段首句内容“当米勒和她的学生们得知这个消息时，他们都不知说什么好了，而且非常自豪。”可知，第二段可描写西蒙斯被送到医院，恢复了意识，非常感谢诺伍德，而诺伍德充满自豪和自信，坚定了追求医学事业的决心。
2.续写线索：开车——被撞——撞树——受伤——救护车——恢复意识——感激——自豪
3.词汇激活（一个词汇要写出相近的表达）
行为类
感兴趣：took
a
great
interest
in/be
interested
in/have
interest
in
撞上：run
into/dash
against/run
upon/knock
into
情绪类
感激：conveyed
her
sincere
gratitude
to/give
gratitude
to/be
grateful
to
sb
for
sth.
【点睛】[高分句型1].
She
pulled
Simmons
out
of
the
back
seat,
avoiding
broken
glass
from
the
window.
（现在分词作伴随状语）
[高分句型2].
The
ambulance
quickly
arived
and
Simmons
was
rushed
to
the
hospital
without
delay,
where
she
received
stitches
for
acut
in
her
forehead.
（句中使用where引导的定语从句）
[高分句型3].
Simmons
was
overwhelmingly
touched
by
her
friend
and
conveyed
her
sincere
gratitude
to
Norwood,
tears
streaming
down
her
cheeks.（句中使用一般过去时的被动语态和现在分词的独立主格结构）
