人教新目标八年级英语下册Unit9知识点归纳及练习汇总（含答案）

人教新目标八年级英语下册Unit9知识点归纳及练习汇总
1. 学习本课重点单词，短语和句型。
2. 学会谈论过去的经历。
—Have you ever been to the science museum?
—Yes, I have. I went to the National Science Museum last year.
—Have you ever been to the space museum?
—No, I haven’t.
重点
单词：progress, encourage, collect, safe, fear, whether, whenever
短语：on the one hand… on the other hand, thousands of, three quarters
句型：
（1）Have you ever been to a science museum?
（2）Me neither.
难点
现在完成时
一、单词领读
unbelievable
adj.
难以置信的；不真实的
province
n.
省份
progress
v.
进步；进展
thousand
num.
千
rapid
adj.
迅速的；快速的
safe
adj.
安全的；无危险的
unusual
adj.
特别的；不寻常的
simply
adv.
仅仅；只；不过
toilet
n.
坐便器；厕所
fear
v.
害怕；惧怕
encourage
v.
鼓励
whether
conj.
不管……（还是）；
或者……（或者）
social
adj.
社会的
Indian
adj.
n.
印度的
印度人
peaceful
adj.
和平的；安宁的
Japanese
adj.
n.
日本的；日本人的；
日语的
日本人；日语
perfect
adj.
完美的；完全的
fox
n.
狐狸
Itself
pron.
（it的反身代词）
它自己；自己
whenever
conj.
在任何……的时候；无论何时
collect
v.
收集；采集
spring
n.
春天
German
adj.
n.
德国的；德语的；
德国人的；
德语；德国人
二、重点单词
【单词学习】
1. progress v. 进步；进展
progress还可作名词“ 进步；进展”，常构成短语：make progress 取得进步。
Mary is progressing in her studies. 玛丽在学习上有进步。
They worked hard for a month and made big progress.
他们努力学习了一个月，并取得很大进步。
根据汉语意思完成下句
他的学习进步得那么快，简直难以置信。
It’s __________ that his studies _________ __________ so quickly.
答案：unbelievable; have progressed
2. encourage v. 鼓励；激励
常用短语为：encourage sb. to do sth. 意为“鼓励某人去做某事”。
Teachers always encourage us to be brave. 老师们经常鼓励我们要勇敢。
encouragement n. 鼓励
Thanks for your encouragement. 谢谢你的鼓励。
Yang lei’s parents encouraged her ________ in Gansu Province.
A. teaching B. teach C. taught D. to teach
答案：D
思路分析：encourage sb. to do sth. 意为“鼓励某人去做某事”。
3. collect v. 收集；采集
collector n. 收藏家
collection n. 收藏；收藏品
My hobby is collecting coins. 我的爱好是收集硬币。
My uncle has a great stamp collection, and he is a collector.
我叔叔有大量的邮票收藏品，他是一位收藏家。
The ________ _________ an old vase last year.
A. collect; collect B. collector; collection
C. collector; collected D. collection; collected
答案：C
思路分析：本句中作主语的成分应该用名词collector，意为“收藏家”；根据last year可知动词用过去式collected。句意为“这位收藏家去年收藏了一个旧花瓶”。
4. safe adj. 安全的；无危险的
其反义词是dangerous“危险的”。
They feel staying at home only is safe. 他们感觉只待在家中才是安全的。
safety n. 安全，其反义词是danger“危险”。
Wherever you are, safety is the most important. 不管你在哪儿，安全是最重要的。
Animals are _________ when they live in the zoo, because keepers can protect their _______.
A. safe; safety B. dangerous; danger C. safe; dangerous D. dangerous; safety
答案：A
思路分析：系动词are后接形容词；根据常识可知动物生活在动物园中是“安全的”，故用safe；their是形容词性物主代词，后接名词；排除C项。
5. fear v. 害怕；惧怕
fear后在口语中常用be afraid，fear后可接名词、代词、不定式或从句。
He feared to tell his father what he had done at school.
他害怕告诉父亲他在学校做的事情。
I fear I must go now. 恐怕我得走了。
fear n. 害怕；惧怕；担忧
His eyes showed no fear of the floods. 他的眼神中没有一点对洪水的恐惧。
He feared ________ his parents because he didn’t pass the exam.
A. face B. to face C. facing D. faced
答案：B
思路分析：fear to do sth. 意为“害怕去做某事”，故选B项。句意为“他害怕面对父母，因为他没有通过考试”。
6. whether conj. 不管……（还是）；或者……（或者）
常与or连用，用来引导并列选择成分。
She didn’t know whether he slept or not. 她不知道他睡了还是醒着。
Whether sick or well, she is always cheerful. 她不管有病没病总是快快乐乐的。
whether是否，可引导宾语从句。
We don’t know whether he will come tomorrow. 我们不知道他明天是否会来。
Whether you believe it _________, it’s true.
A. or not B. or don’t C. and not D. and don’t
答案：A
思路分析：浏览题干和选项可知句意为“不管你相信还是不相信，它都是真的”；whether与or not 连用，not其实是you don’t believe it的省略，故选A项。
7. whenever conj. 在任何……的时候；无论何时
whenever可引导时间状语从句。
Whenever you come, you are welcomed. 你无论何时来，都会受到欢迎。
whenever=no matter when 不管何时
Whenever she comes, she brings a friend. = No matter when she comes, she brings a friend.
不管她什么时候来，她都会带上一个朋友。
—Can I go to see you today or tomorrow?
—________ you like.
A. However B. Whether C. Wherever D. Whenever
答案：D
思路分析：根据问句可知是询问什么时候适合，故答语表示“你喜欢的任何时候”。A项意为“然而”；B项意为“是否”；C项意为“无论在哪儿”；D项意为“无论何时”。
【即学即练】
根据句意以及汉语提示完成单词
1. Yesterday I got _______（鼓励）from my mother.
2. The scientist has ________（进展）in animal research.
3. The policeman took the boys to _______（安全）.
4. Do you like _______（收集）stamps?
5. I ______（害怕）that I can’t pass the driving license test.
6. _______（无论何时）you go to the zoo, please call me.
7. _______（是否）to visit the park depends on the weather.
答案：1. encouragement 2. progressed 3. safety 4. collecting
5. fear 6. Whenever 7. Whether
三、重点短语
【短语学习】
1. on the one hand… on the other hand 一方面……另一方面……
常放在一个句子中，可以指相对的两方面，也可以指顺承的两方面。
On the one hand, I want to go to the party, but on the other hand I have a lot of housework to do.
一方面我想去参加聚会，但从另一方面来说，我有许多家务要做。
On the one hand, the work is enjoyable, on the other hand, it’s easy to do.
一方面，这份工作令人愉快，另一方面，它很容易做。
根据汉语意思完成句子
一方面我们要努力学习，另一方面我们应强身健体。
On the one hand, we must study hard, on ________ _________ _________, we should ________ our body strong.
答案：the other hand; keep
2. thousands of数以千计的；许许多多的
表示不确切的数字时，thousand用复数形式，后面还要加of。
在表示确切的数字时，不能使用复数形式，且后面不能加of。
Thousands of buildings fell down in the earthquake. 成千上万幢建筑物在地震中倒塌了。
There are about five thousand people in the town. 这个镇里大约有五千人。
some, several, many 等词可以用来修饰thousands of。与thousand用法相同的词还有：
hundred（百）, million（百万）, billion（十亿）。
_______ of people work in the factory. But only two ________ of them are from Zhejiang Province.
A. Thousands; hundreds B. Thousands; hundred
C. Thousand; hundreds D. Thousand; hundred
答案：B
思路分析：第一个空格前没有具体数字，故用复数形式；第二个空格前有基数词two，故用单数形式。
3. three quarters四分之三
相当于three fourths。
英语分数的表达方法：分子用基数词表示；分母用序数词表示；当分子大于1时，分母即序数词应在后面加“s”。
3/7 three sevenths; 2/5 two fifths ; 1/3 one third
巧记：子基母序，子大于1，母要加s。
分数作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于其后所接的名词或代词。如果是复数名词或代词，谓语动词用复数形式；如果是不可数名词或单数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。
Three quarters of the students in my class are boys. 我班四分之三的学生是男生。
Three fourths of the surface of the earth is sea. 地球表面的四分之三是海洋。
of the coats made of cotton. They feel comfortable.
A. Two-thirds; is B. Two-thirds; are C. Two-third; is D. Two-third; are
答案：B
思路分析：“三分之二”用英语表示为：two-thirds；coats是复数，故谓语动词用复数形式。B项正确。
【即学即练】
1. It is said that the gravity on the Mars is only about ________ of the gravity on the earth.
A. three eighths B. third eighth C. three eights D. third eight
2. We planted trees last year.
A. hundreds of B. hundred of C. five hundreds D. five hundred of
3. On the one hand, of course, cars are very useful. But ________, they cause a huge amount of pollution.
A. for another B. in the other hand C. on the other D. on another
答案：1-3 A A C
思路分析：
1. 本题考查分数的表达法。分子用基数词，分母用序数词；当分子大于1时，分母即序数词应在后面加“s”。3/8的表达为：three eighths。
2. 空前没有具体数字，hundred用复数，其后加of，故选A项。B项错误；C项中five是基数词，故hundred用原形，且不加of。
3. 句首用的是on the one hand，故后面用on the other hand，有时为避免重复，后一个hand也可省略，故选C项。句意为“一方面，小汽车当然很有用。但另一方面，它们也造成了大量的污染”。
四、重点句型
【句型学习】
1. Have you ever been to a science museum? 你曾经去过科学博物馆吗？
本句含有现在完成时态。构成形式为：助动词have/ has+过去分词。
have/ has been to 意为“曾经去过某地”，表示现在已不在那里了，可与just, ever, never等词连用。
have/ has been to可接次数，表示去过某地几次。
have/ has been to后接地点副词here, there时，则去掉to。
He’s just been to the post office. 他刚刚去过邮局。
I’ve been to Beijing three times. 我去过北京三次。
—Have you ever been to the Summer palace? 你曾去过颐和园吗？
—Yes, I have been there twice. 是的，我去过那儿两次。
have/ has gone to 意为“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之，说话时该人不在现场，一般不用第一、第二人称代词作句子的主语。
—Where’s Lily? 莉莉在哪儿？
—She has gone to the library. 她到图书馆去了。
1. My father ________ to Nanjing three times.
A. has been B. has gone C. have been D. went
答案：A
思路分析：根据句末的“three times”可知“去过三次”；表示“去过某地”用have/ has been to。主语my father 为第三人称单数，故助动词用has。选项A正确。
2. They ________ to Hainan Island. I’m looking for their cat.
A. have been B. have gone C. has been D. has gone
答案：B
思路分析：根据后句句意“我在寻找他们的小猫”说明“他们去海南岛了”，人不在这儿。故用have/ has gone to。主语they是复数，所以助动词用have。
2. Me neither. 我也没。
本句多用于口语中，相当于Neither have I. 或I haven’t, either.
Me, too. 我也是。相当于So +情态动词/ 助动词/系动词be +I. 或 I +情态动词/ 助动词/系动词be, too.
—He has been to the water park. 他去过水上公园。
—Me, too. / So have I. / I have, too. 我也去过。
neither/nor和so引导倒装句表示“也”。neither/nor引导倒装句表示与上述否定情况相同，而so引导的句子表示与上述肯定情况相同。倒装句的时态与上句保持一致。结构为：neither/ nor/ so +情态动词/助动词/be动词+主语。
He has finished his homework, so have I. 他已完成了作业，我也完成了。
—I haven’t been to the space museum.
—______________.
A. So haven’t I B. Neither haven’t I C. Me, neither D. Me, too
答案：C
思路分析：上句意为“我没有去过太空博物馆”，是否定句，故答语可用：Neither have I. / Me, neither. /I haven’t, either. 表示“我也没去过”。故选C项。
【即学即练】
1. —I’d like you to tell me something about Shen Nongjia.
—I’m sorry, but neither Jack nor I __________ there.
A. have been B. had been C. have gone D. has gone
答案：A
思路分析：答语意为“对不起，但是杰克和我都没去过那儿。”可知要使用现在完成时。have/has been to+地点，意为“去过某地”，现在已经回来了；have/has gone to+地点，意为“去了某地或在去某地的路上”；答句是neither … nor…引导的两个并列主语，故选A项。
2. —We have had our breakfast.
— ____________ I.
A. So have B. So haven’t C. Neither have D. Neither did
答案：A
思路分析：上句是肯定句，下句表示与上句相同的情况，应用肯定的词，且要用倒装，时态要一致。故选A项。
【课文朗读】
Section B 2b
Singapore–A Place You Will Never Forget!
Have you ever been to Singapore? For thousands of tourists from China, this small island in Southeast Asia is a wonderful and safe place to take a holiday. On the one hand, more than three quarters of the population are Chinese, so you can simply speak Putonghua a lot of the time. On the other hand, Singapore is an English-speaking country, so it’s also a good place to practice your English!
Have you ever tried Chinese food outside of China? Maybe you fear that you won’t be able to find anything good to eat when you travel. In Singapore, however, you’ll find a lot of food from China; you won’t have any problem getting rice, noodles or dumplings. Singapore is also an excellent place to try new food. Whether you like Indian food, Western food or Japanese food, you’ll find it all in Singapore!
Most large cities have zoos, but have you ever been to a zoo at night? Singapore has a Night Safari. It might seem strange to go to a zoo when it’s dark. However, if you go to see lions, tigers or foxes during the daytime, they’ll probably be asleep! A lot of animals only wake up at night, so this is the best time to watch them. At the Night Safari, you can watch these animals in a more natural environment than in a normal zoo.
One great thing about Singapore is that the temperature is almost the same all year round. This is because the island is so close to the equator. So you can choose to go whenever you like–spring, summer, autumn or winter. And, of course, it’s not too far from China!
下册 Units 8-9 语法归纳
现在完成时用法归纳
思考问题一：现在完成时态中，already和yet用法有什么不同？
思考问题二：现在完成时态中，have/ has been to, have/ has gone to 有什么区别？
思考问题三：现在完成时和一般过去时有什么区别？
（答题时间：40分钟）
下册Unit 9 Have you ever been to a museum? 重点单词
Ⅰ. 单项选择。
1. My hobby is ______ old coins. I ______ it when I was young.
A. collect; was interested B. collecting; have been interested
C. collecting; was interested D. to collect; have been interested
2. Her father kept ______ her _____ with difficulties in her life.
A. encourage; to fight B. encouraging; to fight
C. to encourage; fighting D. encourage; fighting
3. —Have you ever been to another ______ in China?
—No, I only visited several places in Shandong.
A. city B. town C. province D. village
4. Kate’s dad is getting old. She will go back home to see him _____ it is convenient.
A. because B. whenever C. although D. unless
5. ______ I am in trouble, my best friend Li Lei always helps me.
A. Whenever B. Whatever C. However D. never
Ⅱ. 根据句意和首字母提示完成单词。
1. He had an u_______ experience.
2. Their experiment has p_______ so far.
3. Our neighborhood is very p______ at night and I love it.
4. —Which p______ does he come from?
—He comes from Shandong.
5. How many stamps have you c______?
Ⅲ. 根据句意和汉语提示完成单词。
1. Don’t worry. We’re all ______（安全的）.
2. I think ______（狐狸）are very smart.
3. The boy _____（害怕）to speak in front of class.
4. You can ______（只是）speak Chinese.
5. ______（不管）it rains or not tomorrow, we are going to see a film.
Ⅳ.完形填空。
One day, a farmer was walking along a road with his son Thomas. The father said ,“Look！ There’s a horseshoe 1 the ground. Pick it up and put it in your bag.” Thomas said, “it wastes my time. His father said 2 but he picked it up himself. When they get to a nearby town, they had a rest. There the father 3 the horseshoe and with the money he bought some strawberries.
The father and the son went on walking. The sun was well up in the 4 , they soon drank up their water, and there wasn’t a house or even a tree for them to 5 . Thomas fell too 6 to walk on. At this time, his father gave Thomas a strawberry 7 he quickly ate it. After a while, his father gave him 8 strawberry and once again, his son lost no time in putting it in his mouth.
And so they 9 .The old farmer gave the strawberries and the son ate them. When Thomas had eaten up all the strawberries, his father said to him, “My dear son, if you picked up that horseshoe, you would have your own strawberries 10 . Always remember the lesson. If you don’t worry about the little things, you’ll find it difficult to do the great things.”
1. A. under B. on C. for D. to
2. A. everyone B. anything C. nothing D. someone
3. A. threw B. sold C. found D. bought
4. A. sky B. mountain C. river D. tree
5. A. have a look B. have a try C. have a rest D. have a picture
6. A. excited B. cold C. full D. thirsty
7. A. and B. though C. or D. because
8. A. the others B. another C. others D. other one
9. A. turned up B. came down C. went on D. got over
10. A. to drink B. to ride C. to use D. to eat
下册Unit 9 Have you ever been to a museum? 重点短语
Ⅰ.单项选择。
1. —How many students like watching TV in your class?
—_____ of the students in our class enjoy watching TV.
A. Three quarter B. Third quarter C. Three quarters D. Third quarters
2. They didn’t have any problem _____ the post office.
A. find B. finding C. to find D. found
3. —“Food Safety” has become one of the hottest topics recently.
—Yeah, it receives __________ Internet hits（点击）a day.
A. thousands B. thousand of
C. thousands of D. ten thousands
Ⅱ. 英汉互译。
1. on the one hand ________ 2. 数以千计的；许许多多的 _______
3. more than ______ 4. 四分之三 _______
5. all year round _______ 6. 离得近 _________
下册Unit 9 Have you ever been to a museum? 重点句型
Ⅰ. 单项选择。
1. —Mike never has any experience in working as a teacher. How about you, Sam?
—Me _____. Maybe I should have a try.
A. too B. neither C. also D. as well
2. —Are you going to the bank, Laura?
—No, I _____ to the bank already.
A. have been B. have gone C. am going D. went
3. —Have you ever been to Holland _____?
—Yes, I went there three years _____.
A. before; ago B. ago; before C. before; before D. ago; ago
4. —_____ you ever _____ to Jinan?
—Yes, many times.
A. Have; gone B. Have; been C. Do; go D. Were; going
5. —I have read the book.
—When _____ you read it?
A. have B. will C. did D. had
Ⅱ. 句型转换
1. She has already been to Tokyo.（改为否定句）
She _____ _____ to Tokyo_____.
2. Have you ever had a headache?（作肯定回答）
_____, I_____.
3. I’ve never been to the museum.（写出下句）
______ ______.（我也没）
4. Bob hasn’t been to the zoo, Bill hasn’t, either.（改为同义句）
Bob hasn’t been to the zoo, _____ ______ _____.
5. She has gone to the Great Wall.（对划线部分提问）
_____ _____ she gone?
Ⅲ. 阅读表达
In Singapore, many middle school students spend a lot of their time on their studies. Good education is often regarded as a ticket to success in their futures. So, many of these students ① _____ to get good marks in their examinations. They have a lot of homework every day and exams are a big headache. Sometimes, some of them are even made to go to remedial classes（补习班）after school.
Schools run programs outside school hours. The students can take part in sports and games, music and dance, hiking and rock-climbing, etc. They are also very active in community service（社区服务）.
② In their spare time, most students like to listen to pop music. Hollywood blockbusters, Hong Kong and Singapore movies are very ③ popular among them. They understand them very well. Some of them also spend their free time ④_____（surf）the Internet, _____（e-mail）their friends and _____（play）computer and video games.
⑤So, it looks like life as a middle school student in Singapore is not easy but it is rich and colorful.
根据短文内容完成下列题目：
1. 根据文章内容在①处填上适当的词组：
______________
2. 将②处改为同义句：
When they ___________
3. 写出③处黑体单词的汉语意思：
____________________
4. 用所给单词的正确形式在④处填空：
_________________________________
5. 将⑤处划线的句子译成汉语：
_________________________________
Ⅳ. 书面表达
假如你是济南市第六中学的学生李雷，请你根据以下内容提示给你的朋友小伟写一封信，告诉他有关你上个月去武汉旅行的经过。（信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）
要求：70词左右。
提示：
1. 上个月，你和父母一起乘火车去武汉。
2. 火车上非常舒适，可以看到窗外的美丽景色。你们大约花了三个小时到达武汉。
3. 武汉是中国最大的城市之一。它有很多名胜，特别以东湖闻名。你们参观了东湖，在那里拍了一些照片。
4. 感想。
No. 6 Middle School
Jinan
June 22nd，2013
Dear Xiao Wei，
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Yours,
Li Lei
下册Unit 9 Have you ever been to a museum? 重点单词
Ⅰ. 1. C 解析：作表语的可以是动词不定式，也可以是动词的-ing形式；但不能是动词原形，排除A项；根据后句when I was young可知时态用一般过去时，故选C项。
2. B 解析：keep doing sth.意为“保持做某事”；encourage sb. to do sth. 意为“鼓励某人做某事”，故选B项。
3. C 解析：根据答语“我只参观了山东的几处地方”可知“你曾去过中国的其他省份吗？”，故选C项。
4. B 解析：A项意为“因为”；B项意为“在任何……的时候；无论何时”；C项意为“尽管”；D项意为“除非”；根据句意“凯特的爸爸老了。在任何方便的时候，她都要回家去看他”可知B项合适。
5. A 解析：根据句意“无论何时我处于困境中，我最好的朋友李磊总会帮助我”可知A项符合句意。B项意为“无论什么”；C项意为“然而；无论怎样”；D项意为“从不”。
Ⅱ. 1. unbelievable/ unusual 2. progressed 3. peaceful 4. province 5. collected
Ⅲ. 1. safe 2. foxes 3. fears 4. simply 5. Whether
Ⅳ.
1. B 解析：on the ground意为“在地上”。
2. C 解析：由句意“他自己捡起了它”可知“父亲什么也没说”。
3. B 解析：由后句“with the money…”可知此处指“父亲卖掉了这块马蹄铁”。
4. A 解析：in the sky意为“在天空中”。
5. C 解析：由句意可知此处应选have a rest“休息”。
6. D 解析：句意为“他的儿子太渴了以至于不能再走了”可知此处应选thirsty“口渴的”。
7. A 解析：由句意“父亲给了儿子一个草莓，儿子迅速吃了它”可知此处表示顺承，用and连接两个句子。
8. B 解析：句意为“父亲又给了儿子一个草莓”故应选another“另一个；再一个”。
9. C 解析：go on“继续”，指“他们继续往前走”。
10. D 解析：句意为“如果你捡起那块马蹄铁，你会拥有自己的草莓吃”，故选D项。
下册Unit 9 Have you ever been to a museum? 重点短语
Ⅰ. 1. C 解析：“四分之三”的表达有两种：three quarters和three fourths。
2. B 解析：have problem（s）doing sth. 意为“做某事有困难”。
3. C 解析：thousand前有具体数字时，thousand用原形，后不加of，排除D项；thousand前没有具体数字，thousand加s，且后加of，排除A, B两项。
Ⅱ. 1. 在一方面 2. thousands of 3. 多于；超过 4. three quarters/ fourths
5. 一年到头 6. close to
下册Unit 9 Have you ever been to a museum? 重点句型
Ⅰ.1. B 解析：根据上句中的never可知是否定句，故答语用Me neither. 意为“我也没有”。
2. A 解析：根据already可知用现在完成时态；句意为“劳拉，你打算去银行吗？不，我已去过了”，故选A项。B项表示“去了某地”，人不在这儿。
3. A 解析：before可用于现在完成时；ago一般用于一般过去时，故选A项。句意为“你以前曾去过荷兰吗？是的，我三年前去过那儿”。
4. B 解析：根据ever可知用现在完成时；既然是问“你”，说明“你”在这儿，故用have/has been to表示“去过某地”。
5. C 解析：句意为“—我已读过这本书。—你什么时候读的？”，此处强调读这本书的时间，故用一般过去时，故选C项。
Ⅱ. 1. hasn’t been; yet 2. Yes; have 3. Me neither 4. Neither has Bill 5. Where has
Ⅲ. 1. try their best 2. are free 3. 受欢迎的 4. surfing, e-mailing, playing 5. 因此，新加坡中学生的生活看起来是辛苦的，但同时也是丰富多彩的。
Ⅳ.
No. 6 Middle School
Jinan
June 22nd，2013
Dear Xiao Wei，
Last month, my parents and I went to Wuhan by train. The train was quite comfortable. We could see the beautiful scenery out of the window. It took us about 3 hours to reach Wuhan.
Wuhan is one of the biggest cities in China. There are many famous places of interest in Wuhan, especially the East Lake. We visited it and took some photos there.
We had a wonderful time in Wuhan.
Yours,
Li Lei