人教新目标八年级英语下册Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?知识点归纳及练习汇总（含答案）

人教新目标八年级英语下册Unit5知识点归纳及练习汇总
一、学习目标
谈论过去的事情，讲故事。
—What were you doing at eight last night?
—I was taking a shower.
—What was Ben doing when it began to rain heavily?
—When it began to rain, Ben was helping his mom make dinner.
二、重点、难点
重点
单词：light, beat, rise, realize, truth
短语：go off, pick up, die down, in silence
句型：
(1) So while you were sleeping, I called Jenny and she helped me.
(2) With no light outside, it felt like midnight.
难点
过去进行时
一、单词领读
suddenly adv. 突然；忽然 alarm n. 闹钟
strange adj. 奇特的；奇怪的 report v. 报道；公布
area n. 地域；地区 wind n. 风
light n. 光；光线；光亮 wood n. 木头
window n. 窗；窗户 match n. 火柴
beat v. 敲打；锤砸 heavily adv. 在很大程度上；大量地
against prep. 倚；碰；撞 asleep adj. 睡着
rise v. 增加；提高；增强 passage n. 章节；段落
pupil n. 学生 bright adj. 明亮的；光线充足的
playground n. 操场 bell n. 钟(声)；铃(声)
completely adv. 彻底地；完全地 recently adv. 不久前；最近
date n. 日期；日子 tower n. 塔；塔楼
realize v. 理解；领会；认识到 truth n. 实情；事实
二、重点单词
【单词学习】
1. light n. 光；光线；光亮
【用法】
是不可数名词。
【例句】
The light in the room is poor. 房间里的光线很暗。
【拓展】
(1) light n. 灯，是可数名词。
(2) light adj. 轻的，与heavy“重的”相对。
(3) light adj. 浅色的，与dark “深色的”相对。
【例句】
I can carry the light box. 我能提动这个轻盒子。
Two lights are shining in the room. 两盏灯在房间里闪耀。
I prefer light blue to dark blue. 相对于深蓝色来说，我更喜欢浅蓝色。
【考题链接】
There are three ____________in the room.
A. light light B. lights lights C. lights light D. light lights
答案：D
思路分析： 根据基数词three可知其后用名词复数形式，排除A项；形容词修饰名词，一般要放在名词前面，故排除C项；B项中都是名词复数，不正确；句意为“在房间里有三盏浅色的灯”。
2. beat v. 敲打；锤砸
【用法】
过去式为beat，过去分词为beaten。
（1）作“击打”讲时，主语是人，宾语可以是人，也可以是物。
（2）作“拍打”讲时，主语多为风、雨、海浪等名词。“拍打在某地方”常用at, on, against等引起的介词短语。
（3）beat有“打败；战胜”的意思，其后常接人或由人组成的队。
【例句】
The father beat his son because of his impoliteness. 爸爸因为儿子的不礼貌而打了他。
The waves beat against the rocks. 海浪拍打着岩石。
Class One beat Class Two yesterday. 昨天一班战胜了二班。
【考题链接】
—Who ___________ you? Why did you cry?
—Nobody. The wind _________against the windows and I was very afraid.
A. beat; beat B. beats; beats C. beat; beats D. beats; beat
答案：A
思路分析：浏览题干可知时态用一般过去时；beat的过去式为beat，故选A项。句意为“—谁打你了？你为什么哭？—没人。风打在窗户上，我很害怕”。
3. rise v. 增加；提高；增强
【用法】
过去式为rose，过去分词为risen。
多用于不及物动词，一般指事物自身可以升高、上升。主语是升高的对象。
【例句】
The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。
【辨析】
rise，raise
二者都有“升高”之意，但用法不同。
rise为不及物动词，主语是升高的对象。
raise为及物动词，主语是要升高其他物体的人或物。
【例句】
The river rose. 河水上涨了。
We raised our hands. 我们举起了手。
【考题链接】
The rain makes the water __________.
A. rise B. rising C. rose D. raised
答案：A
思路分析：make sth.后接动词原形，排除B, C, D三项；句意为“雨使得水位上涨了”。
4. realize v. 理解；领会；认识到
【用法】
作及物动词，后接名词、代词或从句。
【例句】
I realized his meaning at last. 最后我明白他的意思了。
【拓展】
realize v. 实现；使成为现实
【例句】
She finally realized her dream of becoming an actress. 她最终实现了当演员的梦想。
【考题链接】
根据汉语意思完成下句。
我没有意识到天已经那么晚了。
I didn’t __________ how late________ ________.
答案：realize; it was
思路分析：didn’t后接动词原形，故用realize；从句中语序是陈述句，故用it was。
5. truth n. 实情；事实
【用法】
tell the truth 说实话；讲事实
【例句】
It is far from the truth. 这哪里是事实。
People should tell the truth. 人们应当讲事实。
【拓展】
true adj. 真实的
truly adv. 真正地；确实地；事实上
【例句】
It is true that he passed the English test. 千真万确，他通过了英语考试。
Truly, he is a brave man. 他真是个勇敢的人。
【辨析】
true, real
二者都有“真的”的意思，具体用法不同：
★true强调符合事实，是真的，而不是假的，是相符的，而不是编造的，与“假”相对。
★real强调人或事物真实的存在，而不是想像的或虚构的，与“无”相对。
It is a story of a true man. 它是一个根据真人所编的故事。
I’m learning to skate on real ice. 我在真正的冰上学溜冰。
【考题链接】
Why don’t you tell _________?
A. truth B. the truth C. true D. truly
答案：B
思路分析：浏览各选项可知，句意为“你为什么不说实话？”其固定结果为：tell the truth。A项是名词，缺少the；C项是形容词；D项是副词，均不合适。
【即学即练】
根据句意和汉语提示完成单词。
1. The _________(光) is too dark. Please turn on the _________(灯).
2. Does the sun _________(升起) in the east?
3. We think our team can _________(打败) theirs.
4. Do you know the __________(事实)? Please tell me.
5. He __________(意识到) his mistake, but it caused much loss.
答案：1. light; light(s) 2. rise 3. beat 4. truth 5. realized
三、重点短语
【短语学习】
1. go off （闹钟）发出响声
【用法】
是不及物动词短语，它还有“（水电）断掉；失灵；变质”之意。
【例句】
There’s something wrong with my alarm clock and it doesn’t go off.
我的闹钟出毛病了，它没响。
The lights went off. 灯灭了。
【拓展】
（1）go along… 沿着……走
（2）go on 继续
（3）go out 外出（娱乐）
【例句】
Go along this road and you can find the shop. 沿着这条街走，你就能找到那家商店。
Please go on reading. 请继续读吧。
Last night they all went out and had fun. 昨晚他们都出去了，并且玩得很快乐。
【考题链接】
Although the alarm clock went__________, my friend didn’t wake up.
A. on B. out C. along D. off
答案：D
思路分析：go on 意为“继续”；go out意为“外出（娱乐）”；go along意为“沿着走”；go off意为“发出响声”。根据后半句“但是我的朋友没有醒来”可知“尽管闹钟响了”，故用go off。
2. pick up 接电话
【用法】
pick… up 捡起，up是副词，如果宾语是代词时，要放在pick和up中间。
pick sb. up 用汽车搭载或接某人。
【例句】
I’m busy, please help me pick up the phone. 我正忙着，请帮我接一下电话。
He found a wallet on the ground and picked it up. 他发现地上有个钱包，就捡了起来。
I’ll pick you up at 7:00. 七点钟我开车来接你。
【考题链接】
He __________ his suitcase and went out.
A. picks up B. picked up C. puts up D. put up
答案：B
思路分析：pick up意为“接电话；捡起”；put up意为“举起”。句意为“他提起行李箱出去了”，故排除C, D两项；再据and前后动词时态的一致性，可知排除A项。
3. die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失
【用法】
主语为物。
【例句】
The fire died down. 火慢慢熄了。
It seems that the storm dies down. 似乎暴风雨逐渐变弱了。
【考题链接】
根据汉语意思完成下句
过了一会儿，风开始减弱。
After a while, the wind began to _________ _________.
答案：die down
4. in silence 沉默；无声
【用法】
在句中作状语，常放在句末。
【例句】
We can’t pass over the matter in silence. 我们对这件事不能保持缄默。
【拓展】
（1）silence n. 沉默；缄默；无声
（2）silent adj. 沉默的；不作声的；寡言的
【例句】
There was complete silence before the teacher started to speak. 老师讲话前鸦雀无声。
Don’t be silent about it. 不要对此默不作声。
【考题链接】
The boy listened to his father _________ silence.
A. at B. in C. on D. for
答案：B
思路分析：句意为“这男孩默默地听着他爸爸讲话”。in silence是固定短语，意为“沉默地；无声地”。
【即学即练】
根据汉语意思完成句子
1. 昨天我给你打电话，但你没接。
Yesterday I called you, but you didn’t __________it __________.
2. 当我的闹钟一响，我就起床。
The minute my alarm clock _________ __________, I’ll get up.
3. 老师进来了，学生们都安静地坐着。
When the teacher came in, students all sat _________ __________.
4. 暴风雨渐渐地消失了，我们开始清扫院子。
The rainstorm _________ __________ and we began to clean up the yard.
答案：1. pick; up 2. goes off 3. in silence 4. died down
四、重点句型
【句型学习】
1. So while you were sleeping, I called Jenny and she helped me.
因此当你睡觉的时候，我给詹妮打了电话，她帮助了我。
【句析】
本句是复合句，含有while引导的时间状语从句。其中，时态用的是过去进行时。
构成形式为：was/ were +v.-ing，表示过去某一时刻或一段时间正在进行的动作。
【例句】
I was watching TV at seven yesterday evening. 昨天晚上七点我正在看电视。
【辨析】
while, when
（1）while引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词必须用延续性动词；它强调主句的动作与从句的动作同时发生或主句的动作发生在从句的动作过程之中。
when引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词既可用延续性动词，也可用非延续性动词；从句中的动作既可与主句的动作同时发生，又可在主句的动作之前或之后发生。
（2）由when引导的时间状语从句，主句用过去进行时，从句应用一般过去时；如果从句和主句的动作同时发生，两句都用过去进行时的时候，多用while引导。
（3）when和while还可作并列连词。when表示“在那时”；while表示“而；却”，表示对照关系。
【例句】
They were singing while we were dancing. 他们在唱歌时我们在跳舞。
The children were running to move the bag when they heard the sound of the motorbike.
孩子们正要跑过去搬开那个袋子，这时他们听到了摩托车的声音。
He is strong while his brother is weak. 他长得很结实，而他弟弟却很瘦弱。
【考题链接】
A UFO landed near my house __________ I was sleeping last night.
A. when B. where C. while D. whenever
答案：C
思路分析：根据句子可知是含有时间状语从句，故排除B项，它引导地点状语从句；D项意为“不论何时”，与句意不符；when引导的从句常用一般过去时，而本句中是过去进行时。句意为“昨晚当我在睡觉时，一架飞碟落在了我家附近”。
2. With no light outside, it felt like midnight. 外面没有光亮，感觉好像是深夜。
【句析】
本句含有with + 宾语+ 副词（宾补）结构，作伴随状语。outside是副词，作with no light 的补足语。补足语常为形容词、副词或介词短语等。
【例句】
She said goodbye with tears in her eyes. 她含着眼泪说了声再见。
【考题链接】
Our math teacher hurried away ___________ a book in his hand.
A. with B. to C. for D. of
答案：A
思路分析：根据句意“我们的数学老师匆忙离去”，“手里拿着书”是伴随动作，应用介词with。
【即学即练】
1. ____________ you called, I ___________a shower.
A. When; had B. While; was having
C. When; was having D. While; had
2. I can’t sleep well __________ the light __________.
A. because; on B. because of; on
C. with; on D. without; in
答案：1-2 CC
思路分析：
1. you called用的是一般过去时，故其前用when引导；主句用过去进行时；句意为“当你打电话时，我正在洗澡”。
2. 此题是考查with的复合结构；句意为“开着灯，我睡不好”；because后接从句；because of后接短语；而D项中后一空用in错误。
【课文领读】
Section B 2b
Do You Remember What You Were Doing?
People often remember what they were doing when they heard the news of important events in history. In American, for example, many people remember what they were doing on April 4, 1968. This was an important event in American history. On this day, Dr. Martin Luther King was killed. Although some people may not remember who killed him, they remember what they were doing when they heard the news.
Robert Allen is now over 50, but he was a school pupil at that time. 揑t was a bright, sunny day, Robert remembers. 揥e were having fun in the playground when the school bell rang. Our teacher said, ‘Dr King died just 10 minutes ago!’ We were completely surprised!” School closed for the day, and Robert and his friends walked home in silence.
More recently, most Americans remember what they were doing when the World Trade Center in New York was taken down by terrorists. Even the date – September 11, 2001 – has meaning to most Americans.
This was a day Kate Smith will never forget. She remembers working in her office near the two towers. “My friend shouted that a plane just hit the World Trade Center! I didn’t believe him at first, but then I looked out the window and realized that it was true. I was so scared that I could hardly think clearly after that.”
下册期中复习一
一、预习新知
1. 写出下列单词的意思。
foot_______; stomach_______; rest________;
hurt________; hit_________; knife_________
2. 写出下列短语的含义。
take one’s temperature________; go to a doctor__________; get off________;
fall down_________; cut off_________; get out of __________
3. 翻译下列句子。
(1) I have a headache. _______________________
(2) I think you should lie down and rest. ______________________________
(3) Thanks to Mr. Wang and the passengers, the doctors saved the man in time.
_________________________________________________
(4) He hurt himself in P. E. class. ___________________________
二、预习点拨
思考问题一：hit有什么用法？
思考问题二：关于take的短语，你知道多少？
思考问题三：询问别人疾病的句型有哪些？
（答题时间：40分钟）
Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?重点单词
Ⅰ. 单项选择
1. Did the teacher ________ you yesterday because you told the lie?
A. win B. beat C. beated D. won
2. It’s ______ that there will be a ______ rain in the near future.
A. report; heavily B. reported; heavy
C. reporter; heavy D. reported; heavily
3. The _____ asked me some _____ questions.
A. stranger; stranger B. strange; strange
C. strange; stranger D. stranger; strange
4. I was very ______ because I went to bed at 11:30 last night.
A. asleep B. sleeping C. slept D. sleepy
5. All is ______. Nobody made any noise.
A. silence B. calm C. noisy D. silent
Ⅱ. 根据句意及首字母提示完成单词
1. While I was cleaning the room, mom was cooking in the k______.
2. On my way to school yesterday, I saw a s_____ man.
3. Why didn’t your a______ go off this morning?
4. The l______ in my room is dark, so I can’t read books.
5. The river is always r______ these days.
Ⅲ. 根据句意和汉语提示完成单词
1. There are fifty ______(学生) in our class.
2. Now students can study in the clean and ______(明亮的) classroom.
3. Look! A lot of children are playing football on the _______(操场).
4. How many _______(塔) stand in this area?
5. My father _______(彻底地) changed my plan.
Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?重点短语
Ⅰ. 英汉短语互译
1.（闹钟）发出响声 ________ 2. at the time of _________
3. make sure ________ 4. 睡着 _________
5. die down ________ 6. 据报道 _________
7. for example _______ 8. 沉默；无声 _______
9. take down ________ 10. 说实话；讲事实 _______
Ⅱ. 根据汉语意思完成下列句子
1. 今天早上我往家里打电话，但是没人接。
This morning I called home, but nobody _____ _____.
2. 在暴风雨到来时，我弟弟正在看电视。
My brother was watching TV _____ _____ ______ ______ the rainstorm.
3. 尽管大雨破毁了许多东西，但却拉近了人们的距离。
Although the heavy rain ______ many things ______, it brought people closer.
4. 我们都很难过，默默地坐着。
We were all very sad and sat ______ ______.
5. 起初，我听不懂他们在说什么。
______ ______, I didn’t understand what they were saying.
Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?重点句型
Ⅰ. 单项选择
1. —Linda, I called you this morning, but nobody answered the phone.
—I’m sorry. I football with my friends then.
A. play B. played C. am playing D. was playing
2. — I called you yesterday evening, but nobody answered the phone.
— Oh, I a walk with my parents at that time.
A. took B. was taking C. am taking D. take
3. It’s not polite to speak loudly ________ you are having a meal.
A. while B. after C. until D. since
4. My brother has to fall asleep _____ the light ______, because he is afraid of dark.
A. with; off B. with; on C. keep; on D. keep; off
Ⅱ. 阅读理解
It’s sometimes reported that strange objects have been seen high up in the sky. These unidentified flying objects—UFOs have made a lot of people interested. Some of the reports about them are difficult to believe. Some have been explained in scientific ways, others have never been explained.
It is not easy to decide whether a report is true or not. One report of UFOs came from a British plane on its way from New York to London in 1954. The British plane was flying over an island at 19 000 feet when the captain noticed that something was on their left and a little lower than their plane. It was about five miles away.
“It was not one object but several,” the captain said. “We saw one large and six smaller objects. I sent out a radio to report about them and I received the answer that the other planes were coming out to meet us. Before the planes arrived, the smaller objects entered the big object. The big object then became smaller and moved away fast.”
1. Some ________have been explained in scientific ways.
A. people B. planes
C. strange objects D. of the reports about UFOs
2. In 1954, a British plane met a UFO when it was flying from ________to ________.
A. America; France B. England; America
C. America; England D. New York; an small island
3. The captain ________and saw something on the left of their plane.
A. looked up B. looked down C. looked back D. looked ahead
4. How many objects did the captain see?
A. Seven. B. Six. C. Five. D. Only one.
5. The big object moved away because ________.
A. of some unknown reason B. it was afraid of the plane
C. it had received a radio report D. it had stayed long enough with the plane
Ⅲ. 书面表达
请根据表格中提供的信息，描述玉树地震发生时以下四位幸存者的情况，可在原有内容基础上做适当发挥。短文开头部分已给出。
Mr. Zhang watch a basketball match at home
Mrs. Chen take her daughter to school
Xiao Jun play with other boys in the street
Mrs. Zheng in the lift(电梯); can’t get out
When the earthquake happened in Yushu, Mr. Zhang was____________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?重点单词
Ⅰ. 1. B 解析：A, D项意为“赢”，后接奖品、名次、比赛等；B项意为“敲打；锤砸；赢”，后可接人，也可接物；C项看似beat的过去式，实为错误；根据助动词did可知后接动词原形；句意为“由于你说谎，老师打你了吗？”，故选B项。
2. B 解析：It’s reported that意为“据报道”；rain是名词，故前用形容词修饰；句意为“据说不久的未来会有一场大雨”。
3. D 解析：the是定冠词，后接名词；questions是名词，前用形容词修饰。
4. D 解析：be asleep/ sleeping意为“睡着”，且其前不能用very修饰；slept为sleep的过去式和过去分词，由于sleep为不及物动词，故不能与be动词连用。句意为“我很困倦，因为我昨天晚上11:30才睡觉”。
5. D 解析：be动词后应接形容词，可排除A项；由句意“一切都很安静，没有人发出任何声音。”可知空格处的意思为“安静的”，故排除C项；clam指天气、海洋的平静状态，又可指人的镇定沉着、不慌乱，故排除B项。
Ⅱ. 1. kitchen 2. strange 3. alarm 4. light 5. rising
Ⅲ. 1. pupils 2. bright 3. playground 4. towers 5. completely
Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?重点短语
Ⅰ. 1. go off 2. 在……的时候 3. 确信；务必 4. fall asleep
5. 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失 6. It’s reported that… 7. 例如
8. in silence 9. 拆卸；拆散 10. tell the truth
Ⅱ. 1. picked up 2. at the time of 3. broke; apart 4. in silence 5. At first
Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?重点句型
Ⅰ. 1. D 解析：根据答语中的then可知是在“今天早上我给你打电话时”，故表示在过去某个时间正在发生的动作，故用过去进行时。
2. B 解析：答语中的at that time表示的是“昨天晚上我给你打电话时”，故时态用过去进行时。句意为“昨天晚上我给你打过电话，但是没人接。哦，那时我正在和父母散步”。
3. A 解析：根据空后用的是现在进行时可知连词用while，表示“当……的时候”；句意为“当你吃饭时，大声说话是不礼貌的”。
4. B 解析：句中有谓语动词，故排除C, D两项；根据“因为他怕黑”可知“我弟弟不得不开着灯睡觉”，故选B项。
Ⅱ. 1. D 解析：根据第一段的倒数一、二句可知此处应指一些报道已经从科学的角度被解释，故选D项。
2. C 解析：根据第二段的第二句可知：1954年，一架英国飞机从纽约飞往伦敦。纽约是美国的城市，伦敦是英国的首都。
3. B 解析：根据第二段的倒数第二句可知飞机在上方，所以机长应该向下看才发现了不明飞行物。
4. A 解析：根据第三段机长说的话可知，机长一共看到了七个不明飞行物。
5. A 解析：根据最后一段，人们没有明白那个大物体离开的原因，故选A项。
Ⅲ.
When the earthquake happened in Yushu, Mr. Zhang was watching a basketball match at home. Mrs. Chen was taking her daughter to school after breakfast. They were very lucky. And Xiao Jun was playing with other boys in the street. But Mrs. Zheng was not so lucky. She was in the lift at that time. She couldn’t get out until the worker came to help her.