初中中考宾语从句讲解及练习

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名称 初中中考宾语从句讲解及练习
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版本资源 鲁教版(五四学制)
科目 英语
更新时间 2012-03-30 15:30:55

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宾语从句
复习目标:1、掌握引导宾语从句的各种连词
2、掌握宾语从句的语序——主句+连接词+主语+谓语
3、掌握宾语从句,主句与从句在时态上的呼应。
重点:语序和时态呼应
难点:语序和时态呼应;疑问词+不定式的转化;状语从句的辨析
宾语从句的连接词:
连词that,只起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,也无词汇意义,在口语中常被省略。
eg. He knew (that) he should work hard.
连词if 、whether,它们起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,作“是否”解,在口语中多用if。
eg. Tom don’t know if/whether his grandpa liked the present.
He asked me whether or not I was coming.
一般情况下,if 和whether可以互换,但以下3种情况只能用whether:
①在不定式前:Whether to go there or not hasn’t been decided.
②在介词前:It depends on(依靠) whether it is going to rain.
③与or not连用:They are talking about whether to go there or not.
连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which,连接副词when, where, why, how, 它们起连接作用,作句子成分,各有自己的意义。
eg. The teacher asked the new students which class he was in.
I wonder where he got so much money.
【注意】1、由连接代、副词引导的宾语从句可以和“疑问词+不定式”结构转化。
eg. I don’t know how I should do with the presents. I don’t know how to do with the presents.
2、要注意区分判断由if、when引导的从句类型.
例1 I don’t know ________ he will come or not.
A. how B. whether
C. weather D. when
答案: B
提示: 在宾语从句中出现了or not,这里只能用whether。第二题答案为B,根据题意问他们何时回来,所以要用when。
例2 Can you tell me ________they will come back
A. where B. when
C. which D. who
答案: B
提示: 根据题意问他们何时回来,所以要用when。
1.I think _______ you will like him.
A. that B. if C. why D. how
2.I didn’t know _______ he will come or not.
A. that B. whether C. weather D. how
3.They want to know _________
A. where is the hospital B. how old are you
C. when the train will leave D. why is the boy crying
4.Tony wanted to know _________.
what had Father Christmas put in his stocking
when Father Christmas had put in his stocking
what Father Christmas had put in his stocking
where Father Christmas had put in his stocking
5.No one knows ____ the professor will come to our school tomorrow to give us a talk or not.
when B. whether C. where D. if
6.July didn’t know_________.
A. where is Tim’s father B. when was the first watch made
C. who the old man is D. what was wrong with her watch
7.No one told us _________, so we need your help.
A. how should we do B. what we should do C. what to do D. what should we do
宾语从句的语序:
宾语从句的语序是陈述语序,即“连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分”。特别强调:它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述语序,而不是疑问句的倒装结构。
Can you tell me who(m) do we have to see (╳)
Can you tell me who(m) we have to see ( √)
The teacher asked the students what they were doing.(思考: what在从句中的成分)
陈述句变为宾语从句时,要注意人称和时态的变化,语序不变。
eg. She said, “I will leave a message on the desk.”
She said she would leave a message on the desk.
一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时,也要注意人称和时态的变化,后面接陈述语序。
Eg. “Where are the tickets ” I asked him. I asked him where the tickets are.
例1 Have you seen the doctor He asked me. (两句并一句)
答案: He asked me if / whether I had seen a doctor
提示: 是一般疑问句,连接词应为if / whether
例2 How can we get to the science museum Could you tell us (两句并一句)
答案: Could you tell me how we can get to the science museum
提示: 特殊疑问句,连接词就是它本身的特殊疑问词how,将情态动词can放在主语me之后,时态运用取决于主句。主句could you tell me是委婉语气,是一般现在时,所以从句是什么时态就用什么时态。
将下列句子改成宾语从句。
My father will come back in two days.
He said ____________________________.
Does your uncle live in Beijing
He asked me __________________________.
Have you finished reading the novel
He asked me ______________________________.
Will you go to the park with me
He asked me _________________________________.
Who can answer the question in English
He asked _____________________________.
What’s wrong with the boy
The doctor asked ___________________________.
What is the man doing
He asked ________________________________.
Are the foreign guests going to visit our school
Nobody knew ________________________________.
选择
1.Have you decided ________ for Australia
A. when will you leave B. when do you leave
C. you will leave when D. when you will leave
2.Can you tell me _________
A. where does Tom live B. where Tom lived
C. Tom lives where D. where Tom lives
3.The old man asked me ________ .
where was the cinema B. where is the cinema
where the cinema was D. where was the way to the cinema
4.I wonder _________ .
A. how much cost these shoes B. how much do these shoes cost
C. how much these shoes cost D. how much are these shoes cost
5.She asked me _________ .
A. who he was B. who was he C. who is he D. who he is
6.Ask him _________ .
whose cup this is B. whose cup is this C. this is whose cup D. whose is this cup
7.I don’t know _________ .
A. what time the movie starts B. what time starts the movie
C. the time to start the movie D. the movie what time starts
8.The doctor asked me how long ________ .
A. was I ill B. have I been ill C. I have been ill D. I had been ill
9.The weather forecast doesn’t say _________.
A. if it rains tomorrow B. if does it rain tomorrow
C. if it will rain tomorrow D. if will it rain tomorrow
10.Do you know _________
A. whose pen is this B. whose pen this is
C. whom does the pen belong to D. whom the pen belong to
11.Could you tell me where _________
A. the tape was B. was the tape C. the tape is D. is the tape
12.He asked me _________.
whether I find out the sender of the money C. whether did I find out the sender of the money
whether the sender of the money found out D. whether I found out the sender of the money
宾语从句的时态呼应:
宾语从句中谓语动词的时态,常常受到主句谓语时态的制约,此为时态呼应。如果主句谓语是一般现在时或将来时,从句谓语的时态不受限制;如果主句谓语的时态是一般过去时,从句一般要随着改为相应的过去时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时)。
eg. I thought (that) you are free today. (╳)
I thought (that) you would be free today. ( √)
【注意】当宾语从句叙述的是客观真理时,不管主句谓语的时态如何,从句都用一般现在时。
eg. The teacher told us (that) the earth moves around the sun.
用动词的适当形式填空。
I think he ________ (come) back soon.
He told mw his father ________ (read) the newspaper this time yesterday.
I want to know if he ________ (go) fishing with me.
I didn’t know who ________ (break) the window.
He told me his father ________ (fly) to Beijing the next day.
The teacher told us that light ________ (travel) much faster than sound.
He asked if the girl ________ (find) her lost bike.
He said he ________ (go) to Beijing three years ago.
He asked who the girl ________ (look) for.
10.I asked him whether it ________ (snow)in winter in Australia.
其他需要说明的问题:
标点由主句决定,如主句是陈述句、祈使句,则用句号;是疑问句则用问号。
eg. I heard she had been to the Great Wall. Can you tell me which bus I should take
要注意个别句子中主从句人称的一致。
eg. She said, “I will leave a message on the desk.”
She said she would leave a message on the desk.
将下列句子改成宾语从句
1. Is the shanghai library open on Sundays
Do you know____________________________
2. Who does he want to see
Didn’t he tell you ______________________________
宾语从句专练(一)
1. Did you hear ______
A. what did I say B. what I said C. I said what D. what I say
2. Can you tell me ________
A. which class you are in B. which class are you in
C. you are in which class D. are you in which class
3. ---Excuse me. Could you tell me _______ --- Certainly.
A. when can I get to the station B. I can get to which station
C. which station can I get to D. how I can get to the station
4. Could you tell me where _______ yesterday
A. did you go B. you go C. you have gone D. you went
5. Tom asked me ________.
A. whose shirt was this B. whose shirt this was C. who shirt was this D. who shirt this was
6. Excuse me, could you tell me _______
A. where’s the teachers’ office B. where’s the bus station
C. what’s she doing D. where the post office is
7. I want to see Mrs. Wang, but I don’t know _______.
A. she lives where B. she where lives C. where she lives D. where does she live
8. --- Go and ask Mr. White for help. --- But I don’t know _______.
A. where does he live B. where he lives
C. where is he living D. he lives there
9. --- Can you tell me ______ --- Yes, he lives in a small town.
A. where he lives B. who is singing C. when he will leave D. what he said
10. Have you decided ______ for London
A. when will you leave B. when you will leave
C. when are you going D. when you are going
11. Excuse me. Could you tell me ______our tickets
A. where do we show B. where shall we show
C. where did we show D. where we shall show
12. --- What are you interested in about cooking food --- We are all interested in ______.
A. how egg is fried B. how is egg fried C. how egg fries D. how does egg fry
13. Do you know _______
A. what it is B. what is it C. who is he D. whose name is it
14. Do you know _______
A. whose book is this B. whose book this is C. this book is whose D. who’s book this is
15. I don’t know ______ now.
A. where is my cat B. my cat is where C. where my cat is D. where my cat
16. Does he know ______
A. what’s your name B. what name is your C. what your is name D. what your name is
17. Do you know ______
A. which floor he lives B. which floor he lives on
C. he lives on which floor D. which floor does he lives on
18. Can you tell me where _______
A. is the hospital B. the hospital is C. is hospital D. hospital is
19. He hasn’t decided _______.
A. if he’ll go on a trip to Wuxi B. when will he go on a trip to Wuxi
C. if he goes on a trip to Wuxi D. when does he go on a trip to Wuxi
20. Can you see ________
A. what he’s reading B. what is he reading C. what does he read D. he reads what
宾语从句专练(二)
1. --- When are the Shutes leaving for New York
---Pardon
--- I asked _______.
A. when are the Shutes leaving for New York B. when the Shutes are leaving for New York
C. when were the Shutes leaving for New York D. when the Shutes were leaving for New York
2. Could you tell me ______ I have something interesting to tell him.
A. where is Li Hong B. where Li Hong is
C. where was Li Hong D. where Li Hong has been to
3. --- Could you tell me _______
A. how many people have been out of hospital B. when is Thanksgiving
C. which animal does he like best D. what time will the dolphin show start
4. I want to know _______.
A. what is his name B. what’s his name C. that his name is D. what his name is
5. He asked me ________.
A. if she will come B. how many books I want to have
C. they would help us do it D. what was wrong with me
6. Do you still remember ______ at the meeting
A. that Jim said B. what Jim said C. did Jim said that D. what did Jim said
7. --- Excuse me, ______ to the nearest bookshop, please
--- Go straight and take the second turning on the left.
A. where the way is B. which the way is C. where is the way D. which is the way
8. Mike, go and see who ______ football on the playground.
A. is playing B. plays C. played D. were playing
9. The woman still doesn’t know what ______ in her hometown while she was away.
A. happens B. happened C. will happen D. was happened
10. --- Can I help you
--- Yes. I’d like a ticket to Mount Emei. Can you tell me _____take to get there
A. how soon will it B. how soon it will C. how long it will D. how long will it
11. --- I hear we’ll have a new teacher this term. --- Really Do you know ______
A. what subject does he teach B. what subject will he teach
C. what subject he teaches D. what subject is he going to teach
12. He asked his teacher _______.
A. if there was a monster in Loch Ness B. when was Albert Einstein born C. how would the scientists find out the result D. where could he find the library
13. Do you know ______ over there
A. what happens B. what was happened C. what is happening D. what did happen
14. --- Do you know ______ we will arrive at your hometown --- This afternoon.
A. when B. why C. if D. where
15. Could you tell me ______ to Mount Putuo tomorrow
A. how you will go B. how will you go C. how you have gone D. how have you gone
16. Could you tell me ______
A. which room he lives B. which room he lived
C. which room did he live in D. which room he lives in
17. --- Do you know ______ he is --- He says “1.75 metres”, but I’m not sure.
A. how many B. how old C. how far D. how tall
18. She said she _______ me five letters in one month.
A. has written B. will write C. had written D. wrote
19. Can you tell me ______ she is waiting for
A. why B. whose C. whom D. which
20. I don’t know ______ he still lives here.
A. where B. what C. when D. whether
21. --- Be careful! Don’t break the bottles. Do you hear ______ I said, David --- Yes, mum.
A. what B. that C. why D. if
22. I’d like to know ______.
A. when will he give back the tape B. whether has he received higher education
C. that he has been busy D. whether she will join in our English evening
23. Could you tell me _______
A. when shall we start B. who are you waiting for
C. where the bus station is D. why were you late
24. --- Do you know _______ I’m going to see him. --- Sorry, I don’t know.
A. where does Mr. Li live B. where did Mr. Li live
C. where Mr. Li lives D. where Mr. Li lived
25. He asked me ______.
A. who did kick the first goal in the World Cup B. when was the APEC meeting held
C. when China became a member of the WTO D. where will the 2008 Olympics be held
26. She wanted to know _____ her mother liked the present.
A. which B. that C. if D. what
27. Could you tell me _______
A. who is she B. where’s the nearest fast restaurant
C. if he will come tomorrow D. which way is to the underground station
28. Do you know if ______ back next week If he ______ back, please let me know.
A. he comes, will come B. will he come, comes
C. he will come, comes D. will he come, will come
29. --- Can you tell me why ______ --- Because I want to help the people there.
A. do you go to Tibet B. did you go to Tibet
C. are you going to Tibet D. you are going to Tibet
30. --- Where does he come from --- Pardon --- I asked where ______.
A. did he come from B. he came from C. he comes from D. does he come from
31. You must remember _______.
A. what your teacher said B. what did your teacher say
C. your teacher said what D. what has your teacher said
32. Lily likes _____.
A. what her twin sister like B. what her twin sister does
C. what is her twin sister like D. what does her twin sister do
33. --- Excuse me. Could you tell me ______ get to the plane
--- Certainly. Go straight along here.
A. how can we B. how we can C. when can we D. when we can
34. Do you know what time _______
A. does the train leave B. leaves the train
C. the train leave D. the train leaves
35. --- I don’t know _____ Mr. Green will come to see us
--- He will help us with our English.
A. why B. when C. how D. where