人教新目标八年级英语下册Unit 1 What's the matter?知识点归纳练习（无答案）

人教新目标八年级英语下册Unit1知识点归纳练习
Section A
What’s the matter?怎么了？常用询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了什么麻烦，其后用 with 引出对象。
1) What’s the matter with sb.?
=what’s with sb.?
=what’s the / with sb.?
=what’s one’s ?
=what to you?
=Is there with you?
2) matter ①名词，“问题，事情，当前状况”
e.g. We have important (matter) to discuss. 我们有些重要的问题要讨论。
②as a matter of fact=in fact 事实上，其实
e.g. / , it's quite easy. 事实上，这很简单。
③no matter作“无论”、“不管”解，用以引导表示让步的状语从句，句型中的no matter what (who/when etc.)...分别表示“无论何事”、“无论何人”、“无论何时”等，这个从句可以置主句之前，也可以置主句之后。
No matter what you do(=Whatever you do),?you must be very careful.不管做什么事，你都必须非常细心。???
No matter who you are?(=Whoever you are),?I’ll never let you in.
无论你是谁，我绝不让你进去。??
No matter which you choose(=Whichever you choose),?you will be satisfied.
不论你选择哪一个，你都会满意的。??
No matter where I go?(=Wherever I go),?I will be thinking of you.?
无论我到哪里，我都会想着你。
I’ll discuss it with you no matter when you like(=whenever like).?
你什么时候高兴，我愿意同你讨论这件事。??
No matter how hard you try(=However hard you try),?you will never be successful.?
不管你如何努力，你都不会成功的。
动词，“要紧，关系重大，有重要影响”
It doesn’t matter. 没关系。
e.g. if you win or lose. 你是赢是输都无所谓。
e.g.As long as you are happy, what you do. 只要你开心，你做什么都可以。
牛刀小试：-I’m sorry to trouble you, Miss White．
-_________．
A.Fine, thank you B.All right C.It doesn’t matter D.It’s very kind of you.

I have a cold.我感冒了。
have/get/catch a cold “感冒，着凉”
The old man a cold yesterday.那位老人昨天感冒了。
“have +a/an +疾病名称”意为“得了….病” 注意：have the flu 得流感
have a fever/temperature发烧 have a cough咳嗽 have a headache头疼 have a toothache牙疼
have an earache耳朵疼 have a stomachache胃疼，肚子疼
“have a sore + 身体部位”意为“…痛”
have a sore throat 喉咙痛have a sore back 背痛 have sore feet 脚痛 have a sore eye 眼睛痛
“辨析 sore 和 ache
sore
形容词， 意为发炎引起的痛或肌肉酸痛，用于身体部位名词前
sore feet,sore back ,sore neck
sore leg,sore throat,sore eye…
ache
名词，连续局部的疼痛，构成复合词
headache;stomachache, heartache…
身体某部位痛用：hurt→hurt(过去式)
when I walked. 我走路时左脚痛。
某人弄伤某部位：sb. hurt+身体部位
He when he walked. 他走路时伤了左脚。
拓展：hurt还有“伤害” 的意思
What you said just now .你刚刚说的话伤害了我。
Don’t .不要伤害你父母。

Lie down and rest. 躺下休息。
1) lie 的不同含义及词性变化
单词
词性
词义
现在分词
过去式
过去分词
lie
动词
躺；平躺
lying
lay
lain
lie
动词
说谎
lying
lied
lied
lie
名词
谎言
/
/
/
lay
动词
放置，铺开
laying
laid
laid
Mandy (lie) on the bed and read the letter last night.曼迪昨晚躺在床上看书。He (lie) to me about the result.关于结果他对我说了谎。
The boy (lay) a piece of newspaper on the floor. 这个男孩铺了一张报纸在地板上。
2) rest 动词，“休息，放松”
rest=have/take a rest = take breaks ==take/have a break 休息
You need to away from the computer. 你需要远离电脑休息一下。
We are under the tree.我们正在树下休息。
拓展：①rest 名词，“剩余部分; 其余的人; 其他事物; ”
The rest of the students (be) watching TV. 剩下的男孩子正在看电视。
The rest of the milk (be)in the bottle. 剩下的牛奶在瓶子里。
②break→broke 动词，打破，弄坏 /违反（规则），打破（记录）broken adj. 破的，坏的
The boy the window yesterday. It’s still now. 小男孩昨天把窗子打破了，今天仍然还是破的。
We should follow the school rules. Don’t them. 我们要遵守校规，不能违反它们。

Yeah，I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving.是的，我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐太久了。
in the same way 以同样的方式
She worked out the math problem in the same way. 她用同样的方法解出了这道数学题。
举一反三：You can find out the answer to it only in the ________ way.
A.rightly B.right C.wrong D.true
without 为介词，意为“无，没有，不”
You can’t buy things ! 你没有钱就买不了东西。
He left anything.他什么都没有说就离开了。

Thanks to Mr. Wang and the passengers, the man was saved by the doctors in time. 多亏了王先生和乘客，那个人才能准时得到医生的救助。
thanks to
“多亏，由于”，to 是介词，其后接名词、代词或 doing
thanks for
“因…而感谢”，for 后接感谢的原因，常接名词或 doing 形式
, I am not lost.幸亏你的帮助，我才没有迷路。
sending me such a nice gift. 谢谢你寄给我这么好的一个礼物。

Because they don’t want any trouble. 因为他们不想要任何麻烦。
trouble 不可数名词get into trouble=be in trouble “陷入困境” get out of trouble 摆脱困境
Lisa when she climbed the mountain. Let us help the people who are .
have trouble/problems/difficulty with sth. =have trouble/problems/difficulty(in) doing sth.
做某事有困难
2)动词，使烦恼，麻烦，打扰
. 很抱歉打扰你。
Don’t trouble trouble until trouble troubles you. 不要自找麻烦。

Did you fall down? 你摔倒了吗？
动词，fall---fell 落下，跌落 fallen adj. 落下的，落在地上的
fall down
意为“倒下”，强调的是“滑倒，倒下”，不能直接跟宾语，加 from 连接宾语，fall down from，表示“从…摔下”
fall off
“跌落”，强调的是“从某处跌落，摔下来”=fall down from
The soldier .那个士兵倒下了。
The boy the tree and broke his legs.
The girl the bike.
Look! There are so many leaves on the ground.
Section B
Someone got hit on the head.有人头部受到了撞击。
1)get hit (get+过去分词)为系表结构：get hit +on(硬)/in(软) +the+身体部位的名词，表示 “某身体部位受到了撞击”
The police officer on the shoulder. 这位警官的肩膀受到了撞击。
hit, “打击，击中” 如果强调 “集中某人的部位”可以用 “hit sb. on/in the + 身体部位”=hit one’s+身体部位
The bullet . 子弹击中了他的后背。
The boy hit the dog with a stone. 小男孩用石头击打那条狗。
hit 可以做名词，“轰动一时的成功的人或事；风靡一时的作品”。
The song was a hit at once. 这首歌曾近风靡一时。

Someone felt sick. 有人感到不舒服。
辨析 sick 和 ill
ill
既可以作定语，也可以用作表语。作定语时：表示“品质恶劣的”
sick
既可以作定语，也可以用作表语。表语时“恶心的”。
Every time I get on a boat, I feel .
He is an student, because he smokes and drinks.
I have to look after my sister home at home today.

have problems breathing 呼吸困难
1)①breathe（动词） Breathe deeply, please. 请深呼吸。
②breath（名词） take a deep breath 深呼吸；hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸 out of breath 上气不接下气
2)have problems (in) doing sth. “做某事有困难或麻烦”
I have English. 我学习英语有困难。

Aron is used to taking risks. 阿伦习惯于冒险。
1)辨析be used to doing/ be used to do /used to do
be used to doing
意为“习惯于”，to是介词+名词/doing
be used to do
意为“被用来做…”to为不定式符号+do原形
used to do
意为“过去常常”，to为不定式符号+do原形
I am up early.我习惯早起。
A pen is .钢笔是用来写字的。
He books for an hour every day.他过去常常每天读一个小时的书.
2)take a risk=take risks 冒险 risk doing sth. 冒险去做某事
You are so stupid to .你这样冒险真是太蠢了。
Don’t risk without his help. 没有他的帮助，不要冒险做任何事情。

He found himself in a very dangerous situation. 他发现他自己处于危险的状况中。
find + 宾语 + 宾补：
1) find+宾语+adj. He his dog . 他发现他的狗死了。
2) find+宾语+doing We found him on the road. 我们发现他正躺在地上。
3) find+宾语+副词或介词短语 I am so glad to find you _________.我很高兴发现你在家。
4) find+宾语+名词 I found it . 我发现它是一本很难的书。

辨析 run out/run out of/use up 用光，耗尽
run out
主语通常是“事物，时间，金钱”等, 后面不接宾语，
run out of
主语通常是“人”, 后面可以接宾语

use up
主语通常是“人”, 后面可以接宾语
Our money out. 我们的钱用光了。
=We our money.
=We our money.

give up 放弃
“动词+副词”构成的短语，代词做宾语，必须放中间
give it/them/him/her…up 放弃…
give up doing sth.放弃做某事=stop doing sth.
It’s good for you to give up . 不玩游戏对你有好处。
拓展：give away 赠送 ，泄露 give in 上交，投降 give off 发出（光、热、声音、气味）
give out 分发，发布

I hurt myself playing soccer.我踢足球的时候受伤了。
playing soccer 现在分词做伴随状语，表示动作同时发生。其逻辑主语为句子的主语。
I stayed up late yesterday, for a test. 昨天我为测验熬夜学习到很晚。
The teacher came into the classroom, （hold） a book in his hand. 老师手里拿着一本书走进了教室。

…and of being in control of one’s life. 掌握自己的生命。
sb. be in control of sth.=sth. be in the control of sb. 某人掌控某事
His father is in control of the company.=The company .
他的爸爸掌管的这家公司。

辨析：die,dead,death,dying
单词
词性
意思
die(过去式died)
动词
死忙 His father died last year.
dead
形容词
死了的 Hearing the death of his dog, he cried.
death
名词
死忙 His death surprised us.
dying
形容词
快死的 She is dying.

重点短语归纳
讨论健康问题 talk about health problems
提建议 give advice
患（严重）感冒/咳嗽 /发烧 have a (bad/terrible/serious ) cold/cough, have a (high) fever
牙/头/耳/胃痛 have a toothache/headache/earache/stomachache
喉咙/背/脖子/眼睛/膝盖/脚痛 have a sore throat/back/neck/eye/knee/foot(have sore feet)
说得太多 talk too much
躺下休息 lie down and rest
喝些加蜂蜜的热茶 drink some hot tea with honey
看牙医 /医生see a dentist/doctor go to a dentist/a doctor
拍X光片 get an X-ray
量体温 take one’s temperature
割伤自己 cut oneself
感到很热/恶心 feel hot/sick
整个周末 all weekend
休息 have/take breaks(a break/a rest)
远离电脑 be/keep away from the computer
很长时间 for too long
坐着不动 sit without moving
以同样的方式 in the same way
沿着…走 go along…
看见一位老人躺在路边 see an old man lying on the side of the road
在马路两边/在马路任意一边 on both sides of the road, on either/each side of the road
拯救某人的生命/失去某人的生命 save one’s life, lose one’s life
紧挨着 next to
大声喊救命 shout for help
上/下（公交车）,上/下（小汽车） get on/off the bus, get into/out of the car
没有多想就停下车 stop the bus without thinking twice
有心脏病 have a heart problem
使某人惊讶的是 to one’s surprise
同意做某事 agree to do
多亏，由于 thanks to
把他搬上车 move him onto the bus
及时/准时 in time/on time
考虑他自己 think about himself
干正确的事情 do the right thing
立刻，马上 right away/at once/right now
陷入麻烦/摆脱麻烦 get into/out of trouble
在伤口上敷药 put some medicine on the cut
踢球时伤到自己 hurt himself playing football
跌倒 fall down
被击中头部 get hit on the head
在流水下冲洗它 run it under water
把你的头低下去 put your head down
给它缠上绷带 put a bandage on it
按压你鼻子的两侧 press the sides of your nose
流鼻血 have a nosebleed
呼吸困难have problems breathing
被球击中 get hit by a ball
被晒伤 get burned
一个对爬山感兴趣的人 a man who is interested in mountain climbing
习惯于…/过去常常做某事 be/get use to sth./doing sth., use to do sth.
冒险 take risks=take a risk
落到某人身上 fall on sb.
准备好做某事 be/get ready to do sth.
切除半截右臂 cut off half his right arm
失去手臂之后 after losing his arm
在困难的境况中 in a difficult situation
一本叫…的书 a book called…
讲述… tell of sth.
做决定 make a decision/make decisions/make up one’s mind
放弃做某事 give up doing sth.
掌管，管理/在…掌控之下 be in control of/ be in the control of
生死攸关 life and death
发生严重的事故 have a serious accident
去爬山 go mountain climbing
释放自己 free oneself
Unit 1 同步练习
第一课时
一、根据句意及首字母和所给单词填空。
1、Tom, you looked very worried, what’s the m with you?
2、His mother is a teacher, she often has a sore t .
3、-Mom, I feel very hot.
- You seem to have a f , let me take your t .
You should cover your mouth when you are c in public.
The giraffe has a long n so that it can eat the leaves in the tall tree.
My mother is l on the beach and enjoying sunshine.
The watch doesn’t work. Is there wrong with it? Yes, there is wrong with it.
He (get) into the car and went away.
Yesterday Tom had a bad c and sent to a hospital.
The bus stopped, many p got off.
用所给单词的适当形式填空。
He has big (foot), he often goes to school on (foot).
Look! The dog (lie) on the floor under the table.
Don’t tell (lie) to your parents.
Grace (lie) out the knives and forks at the lunch-table.
Jim has a (stomach). He should (lie) down and rest.
-Do I need (see) a doctor?
-No. You needn’t (see) a doctor.
We should take good care of (our).
He can’t sleep without (drink) hot milk.
Lucy, be careful not to hurt (you).
To her (surprise), she won the singing competition.
Jack hurt himself (cut) up meat.
Jack hurt himself (cut) up meat.
He only thought about (help)others out.
I often see some boys (play) in the park.
He looked at me in (surprise).
Thank you for saving our (life).
A car (hit) a little boy, the mother expected someone (help) her.
Betty, (take) her to the hospital (get) an X-ray.
You should take some (medicine).
He played computer games for three hours (with) moving.
单项选择。
-
-I have a sore back.
What’s matter with you? B. What’s wrong wrong?
C. Do you have a sore back? D. What’s problem with you?
2、-I have a bad .
-You should see a dentist.
throat B. headache C. stomachache D. toothache
3、I like honey my tea. And I often drink hot tea honey.
A. with; in B. in; in C. with; with D.in; with
4、-I have sore back, doctor.
-You’d better .
drink some hot water B. get an X-ray C. see a dentist D. take you temperature
Mr. Smith eats food, so he’s fat.
too much; too much B. too many; too many C. too much; too many D. too much; much too
- ?
-Nothing serious, but a bit tired.
Is there anything wrong? B. Is there anything else?
C. Is there something wrong? D. What’s matter?
7、-Which do you prefer, coffee or orange juice?
-Either OK, but I’d like coffee milk in it.
are; with B. is; to C. is; with D. are; to
8、-Must I hand in my exercise book now?
-No, you .You may give it to me tomorrow.
needn’t B. mustn’t C.can’t D. may not
Sam his bike and hurt his left foot.
fall down B. fall off C. fell down D. fell off
10、-What’s matter with you?
-I may have flu.
a; the B. the; a C. the; the D. a; a
11、You shouldn’t make mistakes .
A. in same way B. at same way C. at the same way D. in the same way
12、-You are stressed out. You should listen to some light music.
- That a good idea.
like B. sounds like C. sounds D. sound like
13、Usually, leaves the tree in autumn.
A. fall down B. fall off C. get off D. get down
14、You should look after , classmates.
A. yourselves B. yourself C. himself D. herself
15、Don’t get the bus until it stops.
A. in B. on C. off D.out

句型转换。
What’s the matter with Jim?(同义句)
=What’s Jim?
=Is there with Jim?
I have a headache.(提问)
is with you?
=What’s your ?
Lie down and rest.(改为提建议的句子)
lie down and rest.
You should drink more water.(提问)
I ？
You should drink some tea and coffee.(变否定句)
You drink tea coffee.
She should take some medicine.(变疑问句)
She take medicine?
Jenny felt sick.(提问)
Jenny ?
He hurt his feet playing football.(变疑问句)
he his feet playing football?
9、He fell off the tree yesterday.(同义句)
He the tree yesterday.
10、He is lying in bed now.(用yesterday改写)
He in bed yesterday.
五、情景交际。
从方框中选择适当的句子，补全对话其中有两项是多余的
A.Do you often have a headache? B. Then you will get better soon. C. I’m sorry to hear that.
D. Yes, I sleep very well. E. You shouldn’t stay up late. F. No, I never have breakfast.
G. I don’t feel well.
(D=Doctor, W=Woman)
D: What’s the matter, madam?
W: 1 I cannot do any work, doctor.
D: 2
W: No, I don’t have a headache.
D: Do you sleep well at night?
W: 3
D: Do you have breakfast every morning?
W: 4 And I have a little food for lunch and supper because I want to keep slim (苗条).
D: Oh, I see. It’s not serious. You should have three meals a day and eat enough food for every meal. And you’d better do some exercise every day. 5
W: Thank you, doctor.
六、阅读理解。?
How to Take the Medicine?
For a stomachache?
Take each pill of the medicine three?times a day for children of 14 years old with a stomachache.
Usually,a pill at 6:00 a.m. before breakfast, one before 11:00 and one before sleep. Not for children under six years old.
For a cough?
This medicine is for a person with a cough. Take two pills once a day before sleep for adults(成年
人). Half for children under 12 years old.?Children with a bad cough,?go to see a doctor.?
For a cold?
Take the medicine three times a day. Once two pills for an adult with a cold. A pill for children under ten years old.
(????)1.If?an?adult?with?a?cough?wants?to?be?well?at?home,?he?should????????once?a?day.?A.?take?two?pills;?after?sleep????B.take?three?pills;?before?sleep?
C.take?two?pills;?before?sleep????D.take?three?pills;?after?sleep?
(????)2.If?an?adult?has?a?cold?,?he?had?better?take??????????pills?a?day.????????
A.?two?????B.?four?????C.?six????D?three??
(????)3.The?children?????????can’t?take?the?medicine?for?a?stomachache.?
?under?6?years?old???B.?under?12?years?old??
C.?under?10?years?old???D.?under?7?years?old?
(????)4.Five–year–old?children?can?take????????kind(s)?of?medicine.?
?two??????B.?three?????C.?one?????D.?none
(????)5.If?a?six–year–old?boy?has?a?cold,?he?should?take????????pills?a?day.????????
?six?????B.?two?????C.?three??????D.?four
John is a middle school student.He is sixteen years old now. He had a terrible cold yesterday. He felt bad and couldn’t eat anything. So he went to see a doctor. The doctor gave him a bottle of medicine. This is the instruction(用法说明)：
Cold medicine
You should shake it before you take it. Take it three times a day after meals.
Age: Dose(剂量):
over 15 2 teaspoonfuls（汤匙）
8-15 1 teaspoonful
5-7 1/2 teaspoonful
Children under 5 years old can’t take this medicine.
Please put it in a cool place. Take it before December 1st, 2008.
( ) 1. John should take ________ a day.
A. 6 teaspoonfuls B. 3 teaspoonfuls C. 2 teaspoonfuls D. 1 teaspoonful
( ) 2. John can keep the medicine in _________.
A. any place B. hot water C. a cool place D. the sun
( ) 3. John should _______ before he takes the medicine.
A. shake the medicine B. eat nothing C. do some exercise D. drink a cup of tea
( ) 4. Who can’t take this medicine?
A. Dan, six years old. B. Ben, ten years old. C. Lily, fourteen years old. D. Bruce, two years old.
( ) 5. John should ________ after December 1st, 2008.
take the medicine B. not take the medicine
C. take the medicine twice a day D. take the medicine four times a day
短文填空。
If you don't keep 1 warm enough,winter can be a time of illness.During the winter months,people 2 get colds and flu. Many people think they are the same, but these two illnesses are 3 .Colds can stay with you for up to a week.You will have a running nose,sore throat,headache,cough and a fever.Flu is more 4 than colds.You will feel sick very quickly.You will have a fever and a headache.Your body will hurt and become weak.This could last for up to four weeks.
Is there any way to keep yourself 5 from colds and flu? Staying clear of(避开) people with colds or flu may work.Try not to touch your nose or eyes if you have been close to someone who has a cold. 6 your hands,especially after cleaning your nose. Going out 7 wet hair can also give you a cold!
If you catch a cold or flu, go to bed and rest.Doing this will help you get 8 . Drink lots of water.Stay in a warm,well-aired room.If you have a headache,take some medicine.