Study
skills
Teaching
aims:
Able
to
skillfully
use
the
dialogue.
Teaching
Steps:
Step
1
Revision
Tell
something
about
UNICEF.
Step
2
Study
skills
Punctuation
英语标点符号的使用
逗号（Comma）
用于分割并列成分，相当于汉语中的顿号作用。
用于分割并列句中的分句。
用于分割对比或对照成分。
用于分割非限定性定语从句、同位语、或附加说明成分。
用于分隔附加疑问句或选择疑问句。
用于分割直接引语及导语。
用于分割句首状语、插入语等。
用于分割日期、数字、地点、人名与职衔等、（信件）呼语等。
We’re
tired,
thirsty
and
hungry.
We
must
hurry
up,
otherwise,
we
will
miss
the
bus.
No
pain,
no
gain.
He
wants
us,
you
and
me,
to
go
to
his
place
tomorrow.
John
didn’t
take
it,
did
he?
Mr.
Green
said,
“Please
call
on
us.”
He
left
on
July
20,
2008,
for
a
trip
around
the
world.
David
Smith,
Ph.D.
句号（Full
Stop
/
Period)
用于陈述句、语气温和的祈使句或客气的问句后。
用于间接引语之后。
用于某些缩略语、小数点之后。
表示序列的字母或数字之后。
Let’s
go
to
the
movies.
May
we
hear
from
you
soon.
Please
tell
me
what
your
father
is.
Prof.
Johnson
1.56%
问号（Question
Mark）
用于疑问句或语气较委婉的祈使句之后。
用来表示存疑或无把握。
用于陈述句之后表示疑问。
用于插入式问句表示强调。
What
can
I
do
for
you?
This
vase
dates
back
to
600
BC.
?
I’m
the
one
to
be
blame
for
the
mess?
He
was
so
tired
–
is
that
true?
–
that
he
won’t
come.
感叹号（Exclamation
Mark）
表示感慨、惊讶、命令、哀怨、赞赏、决心等。
用于感叹词之后。
How
time
flies！
Be
quiet!
Oh!
Fire!
Please
leave
alone!
God,
you’ve
finished
your
task!
引号（Quotation
Marks）
引用书面或口头的直接引语。
引用事物的名称。
引用俚语、反语、定义、词形等。
引用对话。
表示强调。
Bob
said,
“Let’s
meet
at
my
house
next
time.”
Have
you
read
the
novel
“Flying”?
How
do
you
spell
the
word
“charity”?
“Did
you
have
a
great
time
last
night?”
Step
4
Exercises
Millie
has
written
about
her
experience
as
a
host
of
a
charity
show.
Help
her
add
the
correct
punctuation
marks.
The
big
day
come
very
quickly,
and
suddenly
it
was
the
night
before
the
charity
show.
I
could
not
sleep
at
all
that
night
because
I
was
so
excited,
“Will
it
be
a
success?”
I
kept
asking
myself.
Twenty
minutes
before
the
big
event,
the
doors
opened
and
many
people
came
into
the
theatre.
“No
time
to
be
nervous
any
more.
This
is
it!”
I
told
myself.
A
lot
of
people
came
to
watch
the
show.
They
were
making
a
lot
of
noise,
so
I
had
to
speak
loudly
Step
5
Homework
To
learn
more
English
punctuation
marks.Task
Teaching
aims:
1.
According
to
the
logical
order
2.
Write
a
report
about
an
Indian
girl
Teaching
steps:
Step
1
Review
Finish
these
sentences.
1.
他们通过组织一些募集资金的活动募捐钱款。
They
raised
money
___
__________
fund-raising
activities.
2.??我决定省一些钱捐给希望工程。
I
________
___
______
some
money
__
______
__
Project
Hope.
3.?妈妈告诉我污染是世界上最严重的问题之一。
My
mother
told
me
pollution
is
____
__
the
world’s
_____
_______
_________.
4.
Sandy过去常开车旅行，因为她害怕飞行。
Sandy
____
___
_______
by
car
because
she
is_______
___flying.
5.?她们为这些穷孩子提供水、食物，以便他们能更加健康
They
_______
water
and
food
___
the
poor
children
__
____
they
can
be
healthier.
6.?失明影响着全世界大约445万的人们,
主要是贫困国家。
________
______
44.5
million
people
around
the
world,
______
in
poor
countries.
7.?不好的消息是很多人没有钱医治。
The
bad
news
is
_____
many
people
____
____
______
money
for
the
treatment.
8.
雨下得太大了,以致于人们不能继续在外面干活。
It
rained
___
_______
_____
people
couldn’t
___
___
_________
outside.
Keys:
1.
by
organizing
2.
decided
to
save,
to
donate
to
3.
one
of,
most
serious
problems
4.
used
to
travel,
afraid
of
5.
provide,
for,
so
that
6.
Blindness
affects,
mostly
7.
that,
don’t
have
enough
8.
so
heavily
that,
go
on
working
Step
2
New
words
secretary
n.
秘书,
India
n.
印度,
officer
n.
官员
Step
3
Leading
in
What
does
this
logo
stand
for?
ORBIS即国际奥比斯组织。国际奥比斯组织
(Project
Orbis
--
ORBIS)
是一个致力于为世界各国盲人和眼疾患者恢复光明的国际性慈善机构，它的宗旨是“使全球失明者重见光明”。
Would
you
like
to
do
charity
work?
What
would
you
like
to
do
for
others?
Can
you
help
others
solve
their
problems?
Step
4
Finish
the
Part
A
A
Amy
wants
to
write
about
the
work
of
an
ORBIS
nurse
called
Diana
for
her
class
presentation.
She
found
these
pictures
of
Diana.
Can
you
describe
these
pictures
in
your
own
words?
1.
Diana
was
a
secretary
of
a
company.
2.
She
was
afraid
of
flying.
3.
She
learnt
about
ORBIS.
4.
She
trained
as
a
nurse.
5.
She
works
for
ORBIS.
6.
She
enjoys
her
work.
Step
5
Finish
the
Part
B
1.
B
Amy
wrote
a
report
on
Diana
and
her
charity
work.
Read
her
article
and
complete
the
table.
Remember
to
put
one
word
in
each
blank.
Changes
in
Diana’s
life
In
the
past
worked
as
a
(1)
_______
was
afraid
of
(2)
________
learnt
about
ORBIS
on
(3)
________
trained
as
a
(4)
______
and
attended
(5)
______
after
work
At
present
gets
used
to
(6)
________
by
plane
(7)
________
being
able
to
help
people
see
again
makes
her
life
more
(8)
________
Keys:
1.
secretary
2.
flying
3.
TV
4.
nurse
5.
courses
6.
traveling
7.
enjoys
8.
meaningful
2.
Listen
and
read
Amy’s
report.
Diana
was
once
a
secretary
of
a
big
company,
she
lived
in
a
comfortable
flat
and
drove
to
work.
She
travelled
to
many
places,
but
she
seldom
took
the
plane.
She
was
afraid
of
flying.
One
day,
Diana
saw
a
TV
programme
about
ORBIS.
She
learned
about
the
Flying
Eye
Hospital.
She
wanted
to
help
poor
people
with
eye
problems
see
again,
so
she
made
up
here
mind
to
train
as
a
nurse
and
attended
courses
after
work.
Diana
is
working
for
ORBIS
now.
She
has
to
travel
over
300
days
a
year.
She
is
getting
used
to
travelling
by
plane.
Diana
enjoys
her
work.
She
is
glad
to
be
able
to
help
people
see
again.
She
does
not
have
as
much
money
as
before,
but
she
thinks
her
life
is
more
meaningful.
3.
Read
Amy’s
report
again.
Try
to
classify
the
information.
Paragraph
1:
What
was
Diana’s
life
like
in
the
past？
Paragraph
2:
What
changed
Diana’s
life?
Paragraph
3:
What
is
she
getting
used
to
now?
Paragraph
4:
What
does
Diana
think
about
her
new
life?
4.
Try
to
retell
the
report.
Diana
was
once
…
One
day,
…
Now,
…
Diana
thinks
that
…
Step
6
Language
points
1.
She
wanted
to
help
poor
people
with
eye
problems
see
again,
so
she
made
up
her
mind
to
train
as
a
nurse
and
attended
courses
after
work.
短语make
up
one’s
mind
意思是“作出决定，下定决心”。如：
I
hope
you
can
make
up
your
mind
quickly.
我希望你能尽快作出决定。
2.
She
is
getting
used
to
travelling
by
plane.
短语be/get
used
to
something/doing
something意思是“习惯于，适应”。如：
I
found
the
job
tiring
at
first,
but
now
I
am
used
to
it.
起初我觉得这份工作很累人，但现在习惯了。
Step
7
Writing
Do
you
still
remember
UNICEF?
C
You
want
to
write
a
report
on
the
work
of
UNICEF.
Search
for
information
on
the
Internet.
You
can
also
use
the
information
below.
Use
Amy’s
report
as
a
model.
Name:
Mandeep
Country:
India
Family:
many
children,
poor
In
the
past:
used
to
work
on
the
farm
all
day,
could
not
read
or
write
One
day:
a
UNICEF
officer
came
and
learnt
about
the
conditions
of
the
local
people.
Now:
entered
a
school,
can
read
and
write
Future:
hopes
to
become
a
teacher
Sample
Writing
Mandeep
is
a
girl
from
India.
She
used
to
work
on
the
farm
all
day.
Her
family
had
many
children
and
was
very
poor,
so
Mandeep
did
not
go
to
school
and
she
could
not
read
and
write.
One
day,
a
UNICEF
worker
came
to
Mandeep’s
village
and
learnt
about
the
conditions
of
the
local
people.
He
said
it
was
important
for
children
to
receive
education.
He
wanted
all
the
children
in
the
village
to
learn
to
read.
Three
weeks
later,
Mandeep
entered
a
local
school.
Now,
she
goes
to
school
every
day.
She
can
read
and
write.
She
enjoys
school
and
is
grateful
to
UNICEF
for
helping
her.
Mandeep
says
that
she
hopes
to
become
a
teacher
in
the
future.
Step
8
Homework.
许多国际慈善机构在全世界范围内从事正义的事业。请你根据学到的知识和搜集到的资料，构思并写一篇80—100词的短文，阐述某个国际慈善机构是如何帮助处于困境中的人们的。
在写这篇短文时，你可以从以下三个方面构思：
1.
需要帮助的对象的情况；
2.
该慈善组织实施帮助的过程；
3.
得到帮助的对象的现状以及愿望等。Integrated
skills
Teaching
aims:
1.
Understand
the
work
of
the
United
Nations
children's
fund
category
and
basic
background
knowledge.
2.
Talk
about
their
ideas
contribute
to
charity.
3.
Can
get
useful
information
from
the
listening
material.
Teaching
steps:
Step
1
Revision
Review
the
international
charities
we
have
learnt
Watch
a
video
about
“联合国儿童基金会宣传片”
Step
2
Presentation
new
words
war
n.
战争
organize
vt.
组织
Step
3
Read
and
answer
1.
When
was
UNICEF
set
up?
2.
What
changed
children’s
lives
at
that
time?
3.
How
many
countries
and
areas
does
it
work
in?
Answers:
1.
It
was
set
up
in
1946.
2.
The
war
changed
the
children’s
lives.
3.
It
works
in
over
190
countries
and
areas.
Step
4
Put
the
sentences
into
right
order.
Daniel
is
listening
to
a
radio
programme
about
UNICEF.
Help
him
put
the
sentences
in
the
correct
order.
Write
the
numbers
1-5
on
page
101.
UNICEF
provides
basic
education
for
poor
children
in
many
countries.
It
helps
them
go
to
school.
UNICEF
provides
clean
water
and
food.
It
wants
all
children
to
be
healthy.
You
can
help
by
donating
money
or
working
as
a
volunteer.
UNICEF
raises
money
by
selling
Christmas
cards
and
organizing
other
activities.
UNICEF
works
all
over
the
world.
Keys:
3
2
5
4
1
Step
5
Answer
the
questions
about
UNICEF
Mr
Wu
asked
the
students
to
write
a
report
on
UNICEF.
First,
he
gave
them
some
questions
to
help
them
organize
their
ideas.
Help
Daniel
answer
the
questions
with
the
information
in
parts
A1
and
A2
on
page
101.
1.
When
was
UNICEF
set
up?
2.
Why
was
UNICEF
set
up?
3.
Where
does
UNICEF
work?
4.
What
does
UNICEF
do
to
help?
5.
How
does
UNICEF
raise
money?
Keys:
In
1946.
Many
children’s
lives
were
changed
because
of
the
World
War
II.
UNICEF
wanted
to
help
them.
It
works
in
over
190
countries
and
areas.
It
provides
clean
water
and
food.
It
also
provides
basic
education
for
poor
children
in
many
countries.
It
raises
money
by
selling
Christmas
cards
and
organizing
other
fund-raising
activities.
Step
6
Daniel
is
writing
the
report
on
UNICEF.
Finish
Daniel’s
report.
Complete
his
report
with
the
information
on
page
101.
Then
listen
to
Daniel
and
check
the
answers.
UNICEF
is
a
part
of
______________.
It
was
set
up
in
Europe
in
______,
after
_____________.
At
that
time,
many
_____________
were
changed
because
of
the
war,
and
UNICEF
wanted
to
help
them.
Now
UNICEF
works
in
over
________________.
It
helps
governments,
_____________
and
families
make
the
world
_____________
for
children.
UNICEF
wants
all
children
to
be
________,
so
it
provides
them
with
___________
and
food,
and
tries
to
prevent
them
from
getting
illnesses.
UNICEF
also
believes
that
it
is
important
for
children
to
receive
___________,
so
it
helps
them
go
to
school.
UNICEF
raises
money
by
______________
and
organizing
other
activities.
People
can
support
it
by
donating
money
or
working
as
volunteers.
Keys:
United
Nations
1946
World
War
II
children’s
lives
190
countries
and
areas
communities
a
better
place
healthy
clean
water
basic
education
selling
Christmas
cards
Step
7
Useful
phrases
1.
为孩子们将世界变成一个更美好的地方
make
the
world
a
better
place
for
children
2.
为穷孩子提供教育和食物
provide
food
and
education
for
poor
children
3.
捐款
make
a
donation
4.
做一些志愿工作
do
some
voluntary
work
5.
组织募集资金活动
organize
fund-raising
activities
6.
全世界
all
over
the
world
Step
8
Finish
some
exercises.
1.
UNICEF
wants
children
to
be
_______
(health).
2.
UNICEF
makes
the
world
a
______
(good)
place
for
children.
3.
It
provides
_________
(educate)
for
poor
children.
4.
The
organization
raises
money
by
___________
(organize)
activities.
5.
Many
children’s
____
(life)
were
changed
because
of
the
war.
Answers:
healthy,
better,
education,
organizing,
lives
Step
9
Speak
up
1.
Skimming
What’s
the
matter
with
the
boy?
He’s
got
toothache.
2.
Listen
to
the
tape
and
answer
some
questions.
How
long
has
the
boy
felt
bad?
Will
the
boy
be
all
right
in
a
few
days?
3.
True
or
False.
1)
The
boy
does
not
look
very
well.
2)
His
face
is
red.
3)
He
has
felt
like
this
for
three
days.
4)
He
will
be
all
right
in
a
few
days.
5)
He
has
to
take
the
medicine
four
times
a
day.
Keys:
TFFTF
4.
Work
in
pairs
and
make
a
new
conversation.
Step
10
Homework.
Write
a
short
passage
about
the
charity
we
have
learned
today.Grammar
Teaching
aims:
1.
To
understand
the
structure
of
the
passive
voice.
2.
Master
Passive
voice
in
the
simple
present
and
past
tenses
Teaching
steps:
Step
1
Presentation
1.
Give
students
a
picture,
present
new
words
and
phrases.
2.
Give
students
some
passive
sentences
in
the
unit,
translate
them
into
Chinese.
Step
2
Grammar
1.
被动语态和主动语态的基本概念
语态是动词的一种形式，表示的是主语和谓语之间的关系。
英语中的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。
当主语是谓语的执行者时，用主动语态。当主语是谓语的承受者时，用被动语态。
e.g.
We
clean
the
classroom
every
day.
我们每天都打扫教室。
The
classroom
is
cleaned
(by
us)
every
day.
教室每天都被(我们)打扫。
被动语态的基本结构为“主语
+
be
+
及物动词的过去分词”，其中，be因主语人称和时态的不同要用其适当的形式，在be后加not可变为否定结构。
一般现在时的被动语态的基本结构为
“主语
+
is
/
am
/
are
+
及物动词的过去分词”。
e.g.
The
little
boy
is
looked
after
well
in
the
kindergarten.
The
streets
are
cleaned
every
day.
一般过去时的被动语态的基本结构为“主语
+
was
/
were
+
及物动词的过去分词”。
e.g.
The
window
was
broken.
Those
old
newspapers
were
thrown
away.
被动语态的一般疑问句形式是把be提到主语之前，其他成分语序不变，句末用问号。
e.g.
Is
your
classroom
cleaned
every
day?
Was
this
house
built
last
year?
2.
Summary
主语
be动词
过去分词
一般现在时
I
am
supported.
You/We/They
are
He/She/It
is
一般过去时
I
was
supported.
You/We/They
were
He/She/It
was
3.
Practice:
Underline
the
passive
voice
in
the
following
sentences.
1)
The
cake
was
eaten
by
Daniel.
2)
Nancy
bought
a
book
yesterday.
3)
The
little
dog
is
looked
after
very
well
by
Simon.
4)
He
is
reading
English.
5)
The
computer
is
bought
by
my
uncle
.
6)
I
am
woken
up
by
my
father
every
morning.
Keys:
was
eaten
is
looked
after
am
woken
up
by
my
father
4.
被动语态的基本用法
1)
None
of
the
books
was
taken
away.
动作的执行者是泛指或者不言自明时。
2)
The
toy
is
designed
for
children.
在不知道动作的执行者是谁时。
3)
My
bike
was
repaired.
需要强调动作的承受者时。
4)
The
problem
was
talked
about
just
now.
出于委婉或礼貌而避谈动作的执行者时。
5)
Mr
Wu
is
liked
by
all
of
his
students.
在被动语态的句子中,
如果我们需要指出动作的执行者,
可以由by引出。
注意：被动语态还可用于某些习惯用语中，如“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”、“出生于”等
e.g.
He
was
born
in
Nanjing.
It
is
said
that
the
75-year-old
man
can
still
eat
three
bowls
of
rice
for
lunch.
5.
Practice
1)Today
English
_______
all
over
China.
A.
teach
B.
teaches
C.
is
taught
D.
are
taught
2)
The
meeting
_______
two
weeks
ago.
A.
hold
B.
was
held
C.
were
held
D.
is
held
3)
The
thief
________
by
the
police
last
night.
A.
caught
B.
is
caught
C.
was
caught
D.
were
caught
4)
The
photos
_______
when
I
was
young.
A.
were
taken
B.
was
taken
C.
are
taken
D.
is
taken
5)
Millie
is
my
best
friend.
I
___
often
____
to
her
party.
A.
is
invited
B.
am
invited
C.
are
invited
D.
was
invited
6)
Last
year
Beijing
____
by
a
big
sandstorm.
A.
is
hit
B.
were
hit
C.
will
be
hit
D.
was
hit
6.
主动语态和被动语态的句式转换
主动语态转换为被动语态后，主动语态中的宾语也就是动作的承受者变成了被动语态的主语；主动语态的谓语结构变为被动语态的谓语结构“be
+
及物动词的过去分词形式”。
主动语态中的主语，即动作的执行者之前加介词by，在被动语态中作状语。如果不需要强调动作的执行者时，这个状语可以省略。
主动语态
主语
She
谓语(主动式)
hurt
?
宾语
me.
被动语态
原宾语(改为主格)
I
谓语(被动式)
was
hurt
by
原主语(改为宾格)
her.
7.
主动+谓语+双宾语的句式转换
主动语态
主语
He
谓语(主动式)
passed
间宾
me
?
直宾
a
book.
被动语态
原直宾
A
book
谓语(被动式)
was
passed
to
me
by
原主语(改为宾格)him.
原间宾(改为主格)
I
谓语(被动式)
was
passed
?
原直宾
a
book
by
原主语(改为宾格)
him.
e.g.
Mary
feeds
the
dog
three
times
a
day.
→The
dog
is
fed
by
Mary
three
times
a
day.
Our
class
set
up
the
Music
Club
last
year.
→The
Music
Club
was
set
up
(by
our
class)
last
year.
Did
the
policeman
catch
the
thief?
→Was
the
thief
caught
by
the
policeman?
注意：
1)
有些动词,
其主动语态形式含有被动意义。如:
系动词smell,
taste,
sound,
feel等。
The
dish
smells
good.
这道菜闻起来很香。
The
music
sounds
nice.
这段音乐听起来不错。
还有一些不及物动词,常用主动语态,
和well,
easily等副词连用,
含有被动意义。如:
read,
write,
draw,
sell,
wash,
cook,
clean
等。
The
books
sell
well.
这些书很畅销。
The
pen
writes
smoothly.
这支笔写起来很顺滑。
2)
在感官动词和使役动词的主动语态句式中,
动词不定式的to常省去,
但是在被动语态中要加上to。
主动语态
主语
The
teacher
谓语(主动式)
made
宾语
him
?
不带to的不定式retell
the
story.
被动语态
原宾语(改为主格)
He
谓语(被动式)
was
made
带to的不定式
to
retell
the
story
by
原主语(改为宾格)
the
teacher.
7.
Finish
Exercises
A-B
on
page
99-100.
The
Class
1,
Grade
8
students
are
talking
about
the
different
things
people
can
do
for
the
poor.
Look
at
the
pictures
and
help
them
complete
their
notes
using
the
words
in
brackets
and
the
passive
voice.
Add
the
word
by
when
necessary.
What
they
do
every
year
1)
Charity
activities
_________________________
(plan/to
help
the
poor).
2)
Leaflets
__________________________________________
(hand
out/to
people
in
the
street/
volunteers).
3)
Toys
and
CDs
_____________________(sell/to
raise
money).
What
they
did
last
week
4)
New
books
___________________________
(send/to
children
in
poor
areas/the
Class
1,
Grade
8
students).
5)
Warm
clothes
__________________________
(collect/for
poor
people).
6)
A
charity
show
_____________________________
(hold/the
Students’
Union).
Keys:
are
planned
to
help
the
poor
are
handed
out
to
people
in
the
street
by
volunteers
are
sold
to
raise
money
were
sent
to
children
in
poor
areas
by
the
Class
1,
Grade
8
students
were
collected
for
poor
people
was
held
by
the
Students’
Union
Amy
and
Daniel
are
talking
about
charities.
Complete
their
conversation
with
the
words
in
brackets
using
the
passive
voice.
Amy:
I’m
reading
a
book
about
Oxfam.
Daniel:
Really?
Please
tell
me
about
it.
Amy:
OK.
Oxfam
___________
(set
up)
in
the
UK
in
1942,
and
the
first
Oxfam
shop
__________
(open)
in
1948.
Now
it
has
about
15,000
shops
all
over
the
world.
A
lot
of
things
_________
(sell)
in
Oxfam
shops,
including
books.
The
money
_______
(use)
by
Oxfam
to
help
poor
people.
Daniel:
That’s
good.
There
are
also
some
charity
projects
in
China.
One
of
them
________
(call)
Project
Hope.
It
__________
(start)
in
1989.
With
its
help,
millions
of
poor
children
all
over
the
country
__________
(give)
basic
education.
Amy:
Yea.
Many
schools
__________
(build)
in
poor
areas
each
year.
Keys:
was
set
up
was
opened
are
sold
is
used
is
called
was
started
were
given
are
built
Step
3
Do
some
exercises
把下列主动语态的句子变为被动语态,或把被动语态的句子变为主动语态。
1.
Tome
often
helps
Jenny
when
she
is
in
trouble.
2.
I
bought
a
computer
last
week.
3.
The
whole
cake
was
eaten
by
Eddie
yesterday.
4.
Many
trees
are
planted
by
students
and
teachers
every
year.
5.
She
takes
good
care
of
the
children.
Step
4
Homework
1.
Review
the
contents
of
this
lesson.
2.
Finish
the
exercises
in
the
workbook.
3.
Preview
the
next
lesson.Reading
II
Teaching
aims:
1.
Master
the
phrases
and
sentences.
2.
Understanding
in
an
interview
with
the
use
of
open
questions.
Teaching
steps:
Step
1
Language
points
1.
Many
of
our
patients
can’t
afford
to
go
to
hospitals,
so
we
have
to
go
to
them.
句中的afford意思是
“买得起；（有时间）做”
通常与can,
could,
be
able
to连用，多用于否定句和疑问句。
afford后面可接名词（短语）或代词作宾语。
e.g.
Can
we
afford
this
big
house?
This
handbag
is
really
expensive.
I
cannot
afford
it.
afford后面还可接动词不定式，表示“有能力做某事”。
e.g.
The
family
cannot
afford
to
pay
the
high
rent
(租金).
2.
Also,
local
doctors
and
nurses
are
invited
on
board
to
learn
about
eye
operations.
on
board
在飞机（船、火车）上
e.g.
Have
the
passengers
gone
on
board
yet?
乘客们登机了吗？
3.
By
training
them,
we
hope
to
help
more
people.
句中的by是介词，意思是
‘通过某种方法，手段’，后接名词或者动词-ing形式。如：
You
can
learn
more
about
the
news
by
reading
today’s
newspaper.
看看今天的报纸，你就能对这条信息有更多的了解。
4.
I’m
proud
to
help
people
see
again
and
improve
their
lives.
proud
adj.
自豪的，骄傲的
be
proud
of
为……感到自豪/骄傲
e.g.
Mr
Wang
is
proud
of
his
daughter’s
talent.
王先生为他女儿的天分感到骄傲。
We
are
proud
of
our
great
motherland.
我们为我们祖国而感到自豪。
be
proud
to
do
sth.
对做某事感到自豪/骄傲
e.g.
Sam
is
very
proud
to
be
a
part
of
the
team.
成为这个团队的一份子，Sam感到很骄傲。
Bob
was
proud
to
win
the
game.
赢了比赛，Bob感到很骄傲。
be
proud
that
为……感到自豪/骄傲
e.g.
We
are
proud
that
our
football
team
has
won
every
competition
this
year.
我们的足球队今年赢了所有的比赛，我们因此感到骄傲。
I’m
proud
that
I
did
a
good
job
in
the
charity
show.
我感到很自豪在慈善展中我很好的完成我的工作。
5.
Modern
medicine
is
developing
quickly
and
now
most
eye
problems
and
diseases
can
be
treated
and
cured.
Develop
vi.&vt.
发展；加强
e.g.
Modern
music
was
first
developed
in
Italy.
现代音乐最初是在意大利发展起来的。
treat
vt.
治疗；处理
e.g.
Doctors
treated
her
with
aspirin.
医生用阿司匹林为她治疗。
6.
But
more
money
is
needed
to
carry
on
with
our
work.
carry
on
(尤指不顾干扰或困难)继续做；坚持
carry
on
with
把……继续进行下去，继续干
相当于go
on
with
e.g.
The
doctor
told
her
to
carry
on
with
the
treatment.
医生告诉她继续治疗。
I
will
go
to
England
to
carry
on
my
study.
我要去英国继续我的学业。
carry
on
doing
sth.
继续做某事；坚持做某事
e.g.
The
farmers
carried
on
working
in
the
field
even
though
it
was
very
hot.
甚至在很热的时候农民也得继续种地。
After
answering
the
phone,
Li
Na
carried
on
doing
the
housework.
接完电话后，李娜接着做作业。
Step
2
Do
some
exercises.
I.
Fill
in
the
blanks.
1.
80
percent
of
the
cases
of
_________
(blind)
can
be
cured
or
prevented.
2.
At
present,
Mr.
Li
is
in
hospital
receiving
_________
(medicine)
treatment.
3.
Tom
is
searching
the
Internet
for
______
(far)
information.
4.
Dr.
Ma
does
five
__________
(operate)
every
day.
5.
The
camera
was
one
of
the
greatest
________
(invent)
in
the
19th
century.
6.
Lucy
didn’t
go
to
school
because
of
her
_______
(ill)
yesterday.
7.
They’re
all
nurses,
_______
(most)
from
the
poor
countries.
8.
The
children
in
poor
areas
hope
to
receive
good
_________
(educate).
Keys:
1.
blindness
2.
medical
3.
further
4.
operations
5.
inventions
6.
illness
7.
mostly
8.
education
II.
Translation.
1.
我们都应该尽力帮助学习上有困难的同学。
We
should
try
our
best
to
help
our
classmates
who
have
difficulties
in
study.
2.
能当上这次英语艺术节的主持人我感到很自豪.
I’m
proud
to
be
the
host
of
the
English
Festival.
3.
他的病如此严重以至于没人能治好他。
His
illness
is
so
serious
that
nobody
can
cure
him.
4.
孩子们对李老师充满了感激，因为他教了他们知识。
The
children
are
very
grateful
to
Mr.
Li,
because
he
teaches
them
knowledge.
Step
3
Homework
1.
Remember
the
language
points
in
this
lesson.
2.
Preview
the
next
lesson.Reading
I
Teaching
aims:
1.
Read
the
article,
to
understand
the
status
of
the
ORBIS
doctor's
job.
2.
Context
guessing
meaning
from
context.
Step
1
Review
Translate
phrases
and
sentences.
1.
剩下一些零花钱
2.
太虚弱以至于不能走的更远
3.
吃一顿丰盛的午餐
4.
国际慈善机构
Keys:
have
some
pocket
money
left
too
weak
to
walk
any
further
have
a
big
lunch
international
charities
Step
2
Lead-in
Which
charity
can
help
them?
A.
ORBIS
B.
Oxfam
C.
Spring
Bud
Project
Problem
1:
___________________
Nancy
is
a
12-year-old
girl.
She
lives
in
a
poor
family
in
a
far-away
village.
She
has
two
younger
sisters
and
a
little
brother.
Her
family
is
so
poor
that
she
has
to
work
on
the
farm
all
day.
Problem
2:
_______
The
factory
he
has
worked
bankrupted
(破产)
last
month.
He
and
his
workmates
lost
their
jobs
and
they
have
less
money
to
support
their
families.
Problem
3:
_______
Mrs.
Black
has
been
blind
since
she
was
sixty
years
old.
Now
ten
years
has
passed,
she
still
can’t
see
anything
because
she
is
very
poor
and
has
no
enough
money
to
go
to
hospital.
Keys:
CBA
Step
3
Presentation
new
words
interviewer
n.
采访者
blindness
n.
失明
mostly
adv.
主要的，大部分的
case
n.
案例，病例
cure
vt.
治愈
medical
adj.
医学的，医疗的
treatment
n.
治疗
patient
n.
病人
afford
vt.
买得起，能做
go
to
hospital
去看病
go
abroad
在飞机(船，火车)上
operate
vi.
做手术
proud
adj.
自豪的，骄傲的
reader
n.
读者
medicine
n.
医学，药
develop
v.
发展，加强
treat
vt.
治疗，处理
carry
on
继续开展，继续下去
Step
4
Watch
a
video
about
ORBIS
Why
is
there
a
plane
in
the
logo?
Because
ORBIS
workers
take
a
plane
to
visit
poor
countries.
The
plane
is
called
a
flying
eye
hospital.
(飞行眼科医院)
Information
about
ORBIS
ORBIS
is
a
charity
that
helps
blind
people.
Most
eye
problems
can
be
cured
or
prevented.
However,
many
people
can’t
afford
to
go
to
hospital.
The
doctors
on
the
ORBIS
plane
fly
to
poor
areas
to
treat
people
with
eye
problems
and
teach
local
doctors
and
nurses
new
skills.
After
learning
from
the
ORBIS
doctors,
they
can
help
more
people.
Step
5
Use
pictures
to
talk
about
some
important
words.
Amy
wants
to
tell
Daniel
about
Dr
Ma
and
what
he
does,
but
she
does
not
know
the
meanings
of
some
words
in
the
interview.
Help
her
match
the
words
on
the
left
with
the
meanings
on
the
right.
Write
the
correct
letters
in
the
blanks.
1.
blindness
2.
cure
3.
patient
4.
afford
5.
on
board
6.
operate
cut
a
person’s
body
open
to
take
out
or
repair
a
part
in
or
on
a
plane,
ship,
train,
etc.
make
an
illness
go
away
have
enough
money
to
pay
for
something
a
person
who
is
ill,
especially
in
hospital
the
condition
of
being
unable
to
see
Keys:
f
c
e
d
b
a
Step
6
Do
some
exercises
Skim
and
write
T
or
F:
All
the
eye
problems
can
be
cured
or
prevented.
Many
people
can’t
afford
to
go
to
hospital.
The
plane
is
used
as
a
hospital
and
teaching
centre.
ORBIS
is
a
business
that
helps
blind
people.
Local
doctors
and
nurses
can
help
people
in
poor
areas
after
learning
from
ORBIS
doctors.
Keys:
FTTFT
Step
7
Read
and
answer
some
questions.
Lines
1-6
1.
How
many
people
does
blindness
affect
around
the
world?
Where
are
they
mostly
from?
2.
How
many
sick
people
can
be
cured
or
prevented?
3.
Why
don’t
some
people
receive
medical
treatment?
Keys:
Blindness
affects
about
285
million
people,
mostly
in
poor
countries.
About
80
per
cent
of
the
cases.
Because
they
do
not
have
the
money
for
medical
treatment.
Lines
7-20
1.
Why
don’t
ORBIS
doctors
work
in
a
hospital?
2.
How
many
operations
did
Dr
Ma
perform
during
his
last
visit?
3.
Is
the
plane
only
a
place
to
perform
operations?
Keys:
Because
many
patients
cannot
afford
to
travel
to
hospital,
ORBIS
doctors
have
to
go
to
them.
150.
No.
Local
doctors
and
nurses
can
come
to
the
plane
to
learn
about
eye
operations.
Lines
21-26
1.
What
is
needed
to
help
blind
people?
2.
What
does
Dr
Ma
hope?
Keys:
More
money
is
needed
to
help
blind
people.
He
hopes
more
people
will
support
ORBIS.
Step
8
Can
you
divide
the
passage?
1.
(Line
1-6)
something
about
blindness
2.
(Line
7-15)
the
work
of
ORBIS
3.
(Line
16-20)
Dr
Ma’s
work
and
his
feeling
4.
(Line
21-26)
Dr
Ma’s
hope
Step
9
Amy
wants
to
show
how
ORBIS
helps
people.
She
is
making
a
chart.
Help
her
fill
in
the
blanks
with
the
words
in
the
box.
More
details
about
how
ORBIS
help
people
ORBIS,
a
charity
uses
its
_____________
to
visit
poor
areas
treats
people
with
______________
does
________
on
the
plane
invites
local
________
on
board
helps
people
_______
teaches
them
_________
Keys:
Flying
Eye
Hospital
eye
problems
eye
operations
doctors
and
nurses
see
again
new
skills
Step
10
Amy
made
some
more
notes
of
the
interview.
Help
her
put
the
sentences
together.
Write
the
correct
letters
in
the
blanks.
Many
more
people
in
poor
areas
_______.
Dr
Ma
thinks
that
most
eye
problems
and
diseases
_______.
Many
blind
people
do
not
get
any
treatment
_______.
The
ORBIS
plane
is
used
as
_______.
One
hundred
and
fifty
patients
_______.
More
money
is
needed
_______.
a.
were
operated
on
during
Dr
Ma’s
last
visit
b.
a
hospital
and
a
treating
centre
c.
because
they
have
no
money
to
go
to
hospital
d.
to
carry
on
with
the
work
e.
have
eye
problems
f.
can
be
prevented
or
cured
Keys:
efcbad
Step
11
Amy
is
writing
an
article
about
ORBIS
for
the
school
newsletter.
Help
her
complete
it
with
the
correct
forms
of
the
words
in
the
box.
The
ORBIS
plane
travels
all
around
the
world
and
helps
people
with
eye
problems
in
poor
areas.
Most
of
the
people
there
cannot
(1)
_______
to
go
to
hospital,
so
ORBIS
doctors
go
to
them.
Operations
are
done
to
help
people
with
eye
problems
see
again.
The
(2)
_________
do
not
have
to
pay
because
ORBIS
is
a
charity.
Local
doctors
and
nurses
are
also
invited
on
(3)
_______
to
learn
new
skills.
By
(4)
________
them,
ORBIS
doctors
hope
to
help
more
people.
Dr
Ma
is
a
doctor
on
the
ORBIS
plane.
He
feels
(5)
_______
to
help
people
see
again.
Dr
Ma
thinks
that
modern
(6)
_________
is
developing
quickly
and
now
most
eye
problems
can
be
treated
and
(7)
_______,
but
more
money
is
needed
to
(8)
_________
their
work.
Keys:
afford
patients
board
training
proud
medicine
cured
support
Step
12
Homework
Read
the
interview
about
ORBIS.Welcome
to
the
unit
Teaching
aim:
1.
To
understand
the
world
a
few
big
charity.
2.
Discuss
how
to
better
help
people
in
poor
areas.
Teaching
steps:
Step
1
Warming
up
Have
you
ever
done
anything
for
charities?
Were
you
happy
to
help
charities?
What
charities
do
you
want
to
help?
Let’s
learn
the
different
charities
in
China!
Save
China’s
Tigers
拯救中国虎
Project
Hope
希望工程
Project
Green
Hope
绿色希望工程
Spring
Bud
Project
春蕾计划
What
will
you
do
for
the
charities?
Step
2
Comic
strip
1)
Look
at
the
picture
and
listen
to
the
tape,
then
answer
the
questions.
What
are
Eddie
and
Hobo
doing?
Are
they
ready
to
help
the
charity?
2)
Listen
to
the
tape
with
the
following
questions.
What
is
needed
for
charity?
What
does
Hobo
want
Eddie
to
do?
What
does
Eddie
want
to
do
first?
Why?
How
far
will
they
go?
3)
Look
at
the
flash
and
answer
the
question.
What
is
needed
for
charity?
What
does
Hobo
want
Eddie
to
do?
What
does
Eddie
want
to
do
first?
Why?
How
far
will
they
go?
Keys:
More
money
is
need
for
charity.
He
wants
Eddie
to
donate
his
pocket
money.
He
wants
to
have
lunch
first
because
he
is
too
weak
to
walk
any
further.
They
only
have
five
kilometres
left.
4)
Complete
the
following
passage.
Hobo
hears
that
charity
n______
money.
He
wants
to
donate
Eddie’s
p______
money
to
charity.
But
Eddie
thinks
it
is
lunch
t____
because
it’s
12
o’clock.
He
wants
to
have
l_____
first.
He
pretends（假装）
that
he
is
too
w_____
to
walk
any
f_________.
Finally,
Hobo
encourages
(鼓励）
Eddie
they
only
have
five
k_________
left.
Keys:
needs;
pocket;
time;
lunch;
weak;
further;
kilometres
Step
3
Pair
work
Work
in
pairs
and
read
the
conversation
between
Eddie
and
Hobo.
You
can
add
your
own
ideas.
Step
4
Useful
phrases
1.
You
have
some
pocket
money
left.
leave-
left-left
left
(adj.)
剩下的，剩余的，没有用完的
我只剩下一张票了。
I
have
only
one
ticke
left.
冰箱里什么也没有剩下。
There
is
nothing
left
in
the
fridge.
leave
for
…
前往
leave
忘带，落在…
2.
I’m
too
weak
to
walk
any
further.
我太虚弱了，走不动了。
“too…to…”结构表示“太……而不
能……”，
副词后接形容词或副词的原形，其后再接动词不定式。
e.g.
She
is
too
young
to
go
to
school.
她太小了不能上学。
?但是当句子的主语与不定式的主语不一致时，常需在不定式前补加一个介词短语for
sb.，即：too…for
sb.
to
do
sth.
e.g.
The
problem
is
too
difficult
for
me
to
work
out.
对我来说这个问题太难解决了。
?
“too…to…”结构可以转化为
“so…that…”结构：
e.g.
He
is
too
short
to
reach
the
apple.
→
He
is
so
short
that
he
can’t
reach
the
apple.
他太矮了没法够到苹果。
句中的further是far的比较级，这里是副词，意思是“较远，更远”。
e.g.
Can
you
stand
a
bit
further
away?
你能不能稍微站的远一点？
Step
5
Presentation
What
do
you
think
people
in
poor
areas
need
most?
What
can
we
do
for
people?
If
Hobo
and
Eddie
want
to
help
people
from
other
countries,
what
charities
should
they
donate
money
to?
What
international
charities
do
you
know
about?
ORBIS
奥比斯
How
does
this
charity
work?
It
works
to
help
the
blind
people
in
poor
areas.
It
is
best
known
for
its
Flying
Eye
Hospital.
WWF:
World
Wide
Fund
for
Nature
世界自然基金会
How
does
this
charity
work?
The
groups
focuses
on
protecting
forests,
rivers,
oceans
and
so
on.
Oxfam
乐施会
How
does
this
charity
work?
It
works
in
more
than
90
countries
to
help
poor
people.
UNICEF
联合国儿童基金会
How
does
this
charity
work?
It
provides
food
and
health
care
to
children
in
developing
countries.
Step
6
Listen
and
make
the
conversation
Mr
Wu
is
asking
the
students
about
international
charities.
Listen
to
the
tape
and
tell
me
how
UNICEF
helps
people.
Read
the
conversation
after
the
tape.
Then
make
a
dialogue
use
the
conversation
as
a
model.
Step
7
Language
points
1.
It
help
build
a
better
world
for
everyone,
especially
children
all
over
the
world.
especially
adv.
尤其、特别
它可以修饰形容词、动词；可以和同位语、状语连用。
e.g.
Everyone
feels
sad
sometimes,
especially
when
unhappy
things
happen.
2.
It
provides
basic
education
for
children
in
poor
areas.
它为贫困地区的孩子提供基础教育。
provide
sth
for
sb
为某人提供某物=provide
sb
with
sth
e.g.
I
am
happy
that
you
have
provided
so
many
interesting
books
for
us.
=
I
am
happy
that
you
have
provided
us
with
so
many
interesting
books.
我很高兴你为我们提供了这么多有趣的书。
Step
8
Exercises
Translate
the
following
phrases
1.
零花钱
2.
吃一顿丰盛的午餐
3.
该是……的时间了。
4.
太虚弱不能行走
5.
一些国际的慈善
6.
基础的教育
7.
平等的权利
8.
为某人提供某物
9.
阻止一些严重疾病的扩散
Keys:
pocket
money
have
a
big
lunch
It’s
time
for…
too
weak
to
walk
some
international
charities
basic
education
equal
rights
provide
sth
for
sb/
provide
sb
with
sth
prevent
the
spread
of
some
serious
diseases
根据句意及首字母提示完成单词。
1.
Jim
has
some
p_____
money
that
his
parents
gave,
so
he
wants
to
buy
a
new
CD.
2.
China
is
one
of
the
i___________
(国际的)
countries
in
the
world.
3.
He
feels
so
w____
that
he
can’t
stand
up.
4.
It
also
works
to
prevent
the
s_________
(扩散)of
some
serious
diseases.
Keys:
pocket;
international;
weak;
spread
根据汉语句子意思，完成英语句子。
1.
张杰想为慈善机构工作。
Zhang
Jie
wants
to
_________
a
charity.
2.
这个箱子太重了，我搬不动它。
The
box
is
____
heavy
for
me
____
carry.
3.
这个饭店为儿童提供免费的饮料。
The
restaurant
________
free
drinks
___
kids.
Keys:
work
for?
too
to?
provides
for
1.
__________
provides
food,
health
and
education
for
children.
2.
__________helps
blind
people
in
poor
areas
by
plane.
3.
__________helps
people
in
poor
countries.
4.
_______
protects
the
environment
and
wild
animals.
Keys: UNICE
ORBIS
Oxfam
WWF
Step
9
Homework
1.
Remember
the
names
of
the
charities.
2.
Know
the
purposes
of
these
charities.
3.
Recite
the
dialogue.
4.
Remember
the
main
phrases.
