上海市奉贤区2020-2021学年高一下学期5月调研考试英语试题 Word版含答案（无听力音频有文字材料）
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| 名称 | 上海市奉贤区2020-2021学年高一下学期5月调研考试英语试题 Word版含答案（无听力音频有文字材料） |  | |
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奉贤区2020学年第二学期调研试卷
高一 英语试卷
考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A（共10分，每小题1分）
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. Ina restaurant. B. In a bank. C. In a gym. D. At the airport.
2. A. What makes a hotel successful. B. Which hotel is the most successful.
C. Why some hotels are more expensive. D. How a hotel can be made affordable.
3. A. Teacher and student. B. Coach and athlete.
C. Manager and club member. D. Classmates.
4. A. ?30. B. ?20. C. ?15. D. ?10.
5. A. Have a meeting. B. Have a good sleep.
C. Get ready for a flight. D. Get some energy drinks.
6. A. He hates running on his own. B. He prefers to exercise by himself.
C. He goes to the gym regularly after work. D. He enjoys outdoor sports in groups.
7. A. She always says bad things about her colleagues.
B. She has a good reputation among her colleagues.
C. She is good at handling complicated relationships.
D. She has good relations with her colleagues and boss.
8. A. He didn’t see the sign. B. He didn’t take the woman’s tips.
C. He has got three parking tickets this month. D. He parked his car there after working hours.
9. A. The girl needn’t have apologized to him.
B. School children should not use a phone.
C. The girl shouldn’t look at her phone while walking.
D. Mobile phones should be banned in the day time.
10. A. She is satisfied with her new hairstyle.
B. She is suffering from a serious of hair loss.
C. She found her new image unbelievably nice.
D. Her hair dresser didn’t understand her requirement.
Section B （共15分，每小题1.5分）
Direction: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. A policeman. B. A fireman. C. A doctor. D. A businessman.
12. A. Tum on the radio. B. Get up early.
C. Call John right away. D. Watch the live news.
13. A. Joe wanted to become a millionaire.
B. Both John and Joe died on Sept. 11.
C. The father died of stomach cancer eventually.
D. John wanted to be a firefighter because of a young lady.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. The number of fish increases greatly.
B. The reefs (礁) don’t make any warning sounds.
C. The level of CO2 in sea water increases.
D. Various kinds of sea life are attracted to the reefs.
15. A. By the sounds other sea life makes.
B. By the smells other fish leave.
C. By the lights other fish give off.
D. By the waves other sea life sends.
16. A. They will avoid swimming near reefs.
B. They are surrounded by enemies.
C. They can’t find their way home.
D. They can’t act wisely for weakened senses.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. She has recently done her hair and looks fantastic.
B. She was recommended as a candidate for an award.
C. She’s occupied in issuing awards to the prize winners.
D. She was proud of her recent change in her public image.
18. A. Because he didn’t receive positive reviews.
B. Because he knew the woman was being polite.
C. Because his previous novel was much better.
D. Because his work was more humorous than great.
19. A. John was an attractive man.
B. John was devoted to his business.
C. John was good at catching thieves.
D. John enjoyed sharing his wedding photos.
20. A. The robber was armed with a knife.
B. The robbery occurred at the hairdresser’s.
C. The man helped catch the robber by coincidence.
D. The man was in a park when the robbery happened.
II. Grammar（共20分，每小题1分）
Section A
Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.
21. Doctors’ suggestions for dosage: ________ tablet each day for two weeks.
A. each B. every C. one D. any
22. Make decisions right away, ________ you’ll miss a golden chance.
A. if B. or C. as D. and
23. High school students have trouble ________ the difference between a real and a fake news website.
A. to tell B. telling C. having told D. being told
24. ________ in a quiet street, the store almost exclusively stocks rare books by women.
A. Locating B. Located C. Being located D. To locate
25. Have you made full preparations for the presentation ________ tomorrow afternoon?
A. delivered B. will be delivered C. delivering D. to be delivered
26. Rowan Atkinson’s speech problems led to ________ throughout his school career.
A. he was bullied B. him bullied C. him being bullied D. him bullying
27. Up till now, the passengers who had close contact with the three sick people ________ in hospital under medical observation.
A. put B. has put C. have been put D. being put
28. It is clear that, ________ self-awareness is a healthy quality, overdoing it is harmful.
A. while B. because C. whether D. when
29. It’s important to remember ________ people choose to post on social media does not necessarily reflect their life overall.
A. that B. what C. why D. how
30. ________ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.
A. That B. How C. Whether D. Whichever
Section B
Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Romancing the Library
I have a special place in my heart for libraries. I have for as long as I can remember. I was always an enthusiastic reader, sometimes (31) ________ (read) up to three books a day as a child. Stories were (32) ________ air to me and while other kids played ball or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.
My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old, (33) ________ was a dream job. I had so much enthusiasm, shelving books, reading to the children for story time, (34) ________ my friends and I would hang out there often, teaching and doing homework while I worked.
The library meant more to me as I grew older and had several children. It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local library, (35) ________ my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them.
I always read, using different voices, (36) ________ ________ I were acting out the stories with my voice and they loved it! It was a special time to bond with my children and keep them (37) ________ (fill) with the wonderment of books.
Libraries offered story hour and I’d take my children, and then my grandchildren, there (38) ________ (listen) to writers read books. Now, I see my children taking their children to the library and I am happy that the excitement of going to the library (39) ________ (live) on from generation to generation.
As an author of romance novels, I’ve found a new relationship with libraries. I see libraries as a safe haven (避风港) for readers and writers, a bridge (40) ________ (help) to put together a reader with a book.
I could say my first love affair was with books, and I was constantly romancing the library.
III. Vocabulary（共20分，每小题1分）
Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
（A）
A. understanding B. previous C. increasingly D. contact E. cheer F. issue
G. concerned H. identified I. permanently J. predictor K. reach
Loneliness
The woman on the other end of the phone spoke lightheartedly of spring and her 81st birthday the 41 week. “Who did you celebrate with, Beryl?” asked Alison, whose job was to offer a kind ear.
“No one, I ...” And with that, Beryl’s 42 turned into sadness.
She admitted that she had been alone at home not just on her birthday, but for days and days. The telephone conversation was the first time she had spoken in more than a week.
About 10,000 similar calls come in weekly to an office building, which houses The Silver Line Helpline, a 24-hour call center for older adults seeking to fill a basic need: 43 with other people.
Alison said she was most 44 not about those who called The Silver Line. but those who were too depressed by their isolation to pick up the phone. “We ought to raise awareness with the people who are the hardest to 45 .” she said.
Loneliness used to be described as “the horror not to be surveyed”. But in Britain, it is 46 being viewed as something more. It is now recognized as a serious public heath 47 deserving public funds and national attention. Working with local governments and the National Health Service, prograrms aimed at relieving loneliness have sprung up in dozens of cities and towns.
Meanwhile, researchers are deepening their 48 of its biological causes. In a paper published earlier this year in the journal Cell, scientists 49 a region of the brain they believe can generate feelings of loneliness. The region, known as the dorsal raphe nucleus, or DRN, is best known for its link to depression. As a(n) 50 of early death, loneliness is no longer medically acceptable to ignore older adults who feel lonely and isolated.
（B）
A. complicate B. ridiculous C. screamed D. trend E. introduced F. settles
G. distribute H. barrier I. contribute J. persists K. benefits
You Deserve a “Brighter” Future
WOOOOOSH! The drone (无人机) flew over our heads. Students 51 with delight and dashed around the courtyard, all heads turned skyward. Misty mountains and the green forest surrounded us, with fields caved into the wilderness. I was in the Yunnan countryside with an NGO (Non-Governmental Organization) to 52 free glasses to nearsighted children.
While the children seemed quite pleased to witness a drone lift off for the first time, the sad reality was that perhaps only half could see the drone at all.
Many layers of obstacles 53 this problem, the first being access. The eye doctors are concentrated in cities, but so many urban students need eye examinations.
In addition to access, information is another 54 . If a rural student is nearsighted, there is almost no way for them to know unless their teacher notices and acts. Even if students discover they need glasses and can access an eye doctor, they face the financial challenge of paying for glasses. Many parents in rural areas, who have never worn glasses themselves, don’t understand the 55 and see no reason to spend the extra money. Some even fear that glasses will further harm their eyesight. How 56 !
When you walk the streets of cities in China today, you will find that the 57 is even more alarming. Heavy homework loads, increasing screen time on smartphones, and less sunlight from outdoor activities all 58 to worsening nearsightedness among urban students. If this problem 59 , the consequences will be more serious than you can imagine. This may lead to the county’s running out of personnel in certain fields or occupations which require good eyesight.
To give students a "brighter" future, the government has 60 a grand plan to control the country’s rising number of nearsighted children and teenagers. Before it takes effect ,why not put down your smartphone and get back to nature?
IV. Reading comprehension
Section A （共15分，每小题1分）
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Would you rather watch a new movie or an old favorite? Would you rather or a dish you have never had at a restaurant, or 61 with something you know you will like? Researchers studying the “mere-exposure effect (曝光效应)” have found that we often prefer the familiar over the 62 .
In 1968, social psychologist Robert Zajonc published a landmark paper on the mere exposure effect. His hypothesis (假说) was that simply being exposed to something on a 63 basis was enough to make people like that thing, To test this, Zajonc had participants read words in a foreign language out loud. He 64 how often participants read each word (up to 25 repetition). Next, participants were asked to decide how positive or negative they thought the meaning of the word was. Zajonc found participants 65 words that they had said more often, while words that participants hadn’t read at all were rated more negatively, and words that had been read 25 times were rated highest.
In the decades since Zajonc published his paper on the mere exposure effect, researchers have 66 several theories to explain why the effect happens. One of them is that mere exposure makes us feel less uncertain. We tend to be 67 around new things, since they could be dangerous. However, when we see the same thing over and over and nothing bad happens, we start to realize that there’s nothing to be afraid of. 68 , the mere exposure effect occurs because we feel more positively about something familiar compared to something that is new and potentially dangerous.
69 , mere exposure increases what psychologists call “perceptual fluency (知觉流畅性)”, which is based on the idea that, when we’ve seen something before, it’s easier for us to understand and interpret it. Think about, 70 , the experience of watching a complex film. The first time you watch the film, you might find yourself struggling to 71 what’s happening and who the characters are. However, if you watch the movie a second time, the 72 and plot will be more familiar to you: psychologists would say that you 73 more perceptual fluency on the second viewing.
While psychologists are still debating what causes the mere exposure effect, it seems that having been previously exposed to something can 74 how we feel about it. And it may explain why, at least sometimes, we tend to 75 things that are already familiar to us.
61. A. exchange B. stick C. identify D. connect
62. A. new B. popular C. favorite D. unique
63. A. positive B. temporary C. short-term D. repeated
64. A. restricted B. determined C. concluded D. varied
65. A. studied B. spelt C. liked D. chose
66. A. changed B. suggested C. concealed D. traded
67. A. cautious B. curious C. conscious D. adventurous
68. A. On the other hand B. After all C. In other words D. As a result
69. A. However B. Consequently C. Additionally D. Therefore
70. A. by comparison B. without doubt C. in reality D. for example
71. A. take charge of B. keep track of C. make use of D. get rid of
72. A. effects B. struggles C. characters D. concepts
73. A. analyzed B. defined C. discovered D. experienced
74. A. change B. interpret C. promote D. illustrate
75. A. support B. prefer C. deliver D. notice
Section B（共22 分，每小题2分）
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
（A）
My daughter, Liora Saraik, aged 13, is beautiful, positive and humorous. Her father and I love her, but she has life-long conditions: uncontrolled epilepsy (癫痫) and autism (自闭症). She meets the government’s definition of vulnerable (脆弱的) and should have been able to go to school when lockdown started.
So why are we not sending her to school? On the first day of the lockdown, I spoke to a school staff member on the phone. “It’s up to you, of course, but I wouldn’t send her,” he said. “I can’t see how it can be safe.”
Many of the pupils like Liora, can’t speak or understand simple words such as food, drink, toilet. They don’t know anything about the virus. Many are also violent to parents and teachers and they are not able to stop biting, punching and kicking. Liora is not violet to others, but she is to herself, banging her own head with her fists when in pain or frustrated.
Liora’s head teacher, Adrian Carver, says if he lets more children into school, they could simply die of contracting coronavirus. He has to run desperate parents away, which he hates doing, as he knows it is not easy for us.
But clearly he has no idea of how hard it is for thousands of families in the crisis to care for their vulnerable children full-time. Parents like myself can’t provide what a school can offer. We have constant big challenges with personal care, and with sleep deprivation, as our children are often up in the night. Without school, it’s not only our children who are vulnerable, it’s the whole family.
So what do we need? I want recognition at the highest level for families caring for their disabled children. I want professional carers to be valued and paid properly for their specialist skills caring for children like Liora. Skilled carers leave their jobs because their wages are so low. We parents are in a constant fight with each other, first to get carers and then to keep them — we are like rats in a trap.
76. What is the problem with the writer?
A. She couldn’t afford to send her daughter to a special school.
B. She didn’t know how to communicate with her daughter.
C. She was afraid of contracting coronavirus by working in a special school.
D. She was stressed out by caring for her vulnerable daughter full time.
77. Liora was kept home because ________.
A. all the schools were closed
B. she was turned down by the school
C. her mother can keep her safe at home
D. her teacher was afraid of desperate parents
78. How did the writer most probably feel when writing this article?
A. Offended but hopeful. B. Exhausted and annoyed.
C. Calm but depressed. D. Puzzled and impatient.
79. The mother wrote this article in an attempt to ________.
A .draw attention to families with special needs in this crisis
B. appeal to sill carers to help her family
C. complain about the school that mistreated her daughter
D. seek guidance on the upbringing of vulnerable children
（B）
A Little Is A Lot For Those With Nothing
Each year, 22 million people die from preventable causes, such as polluted water or the lack of nutrition, according to a new report from the World Health Organization. These groups are taking some of the top lights:
**** A child dies every eight seconds from water-borne disease. Global Water builds wells in very poor communities in Romania, Central America and Africa. Go to global www.water.org.
**** As much as 80 percent of the world’s population may be lacking in iron. UNICEF supplies iron supplements (补充) to women and children in more than 100 countries, preventing anemia (贫血症), low birth weight and death. Their greeting cards, calendars and gifs help fund the program; visit www.unicef.org
**** Mercy Corps fed more than 150,000 mouths in 2003. Still, more than one-quarter of children worldwide are underweight. One dollar helps feed 15 kids in developing countries like India; learn more at www.mercycorps.org.
80. What is the purpose of the advertisement?
A. To ask readers to do their bit for the people who are likely to die from preventable causes.
B. To attract people’s attention to the problem of water pollution.
C. To help the homeless children in developing countries.
D. To ask the readers to surf the Internet and become aware of the miserable things in the world.
81. You can help the children lacking in iron by ________.
A. buying special greeting cards or gifts from UNICEF
B. helping the program of digging wells in poor area
C. doing some volunteer work for them
D. keeping our environment from being polluted
82. Supposing there are 300,000 starving children, how much money will be needed to help them according to 2003 standard?
A.15 dollars. B.20, 000 dollars.
C.4, 500, 000 dollars. D.2, 200, 000 dollars.
（C）
In the 1966 science-fiction movie One Million Years B. C., the movie characters had a time travel and arrived in an ancient landscape inhabited by dinosaurs and early humans. The movie was low on science and high on fiction: by then dinosaurs were long dead and modern humans were millions of years away.
A more accurate picture of Earth’s inhabitants at the time is now being revealed. In research published in Nature, a team of scientists led by Anders Gotherstrom at the University of Stockholm, and Love Dalen at the Centre for Palaeogenetics (古遗传学), also in Sweden, describe sequencing (测序) DNA samples from mammoths (猛犸象) that lived and died in north-eastern Siberia around a million years ago.
The team’s work represents a new record, for their mammoth DNA is, by some half a million years, the oldest ever successfully reconstructed. Extracted (提取) from horses, bears and even Neanderthals and Denisovans, two close cousins of modern humans, such ancient DNA has proved an invaluable tool for investigating the past. Although fossils preserve the basic physical features of extinct animals, they are silent about many crucial details that even an incomplete genome (基因组) can help to fill in.
The trouble with DNA is that it breaks down after death. The more broken down it is, the harder it is to sequence. Scientists think that, after about 6m years, all that would be left would be individual base pairs (碱基对), the equivalent of trying to reconstruct a book from several letters. Under the right conditions, however, such as the extreme cold of Arctic permafrost (冻土层) this decay can be slowed.
Dr. Dalen and his colleagues were interested in three mammoth molars (臼齿) extracted in the 1970s from Siberian geological layers that suggested great age. Samples from each were sent to Dr. Dalen’s laboratory in 2017. Having checked they had not been contaminated by bacteria or the shaking hands of Paleontologists, the DNA were extracted, sequenced, and dated. Whereas DNA samples from a living animal can run to several hundreds of thousands of letters, the ancient mammoth samples yielded merely dozens of letter long. This is close to the limit of what is scientifically usable, says a biologist named Ludovic Orlando.
83. What does the underlined word “contaminated” probably mean?
A. Protected. B. Polluted. C. Estimated. D. Discovered.
84. According to the passage, the challenges the research team face may include ________.
①the limited number of DNA in mammoth samples
②the break-down of mammoth’s DNA after death
③the wide spread of mammoth samples
④the damage done to the mammoth samples from external environment
⑤the difficulty in extraction of the mammoth’s DNA
A.①②④ B.②④⑤ C.②③④ D.①③④
85. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A. The fact that DNA can break down makes it easier to sequence.
B. The incomplete genome can’t give any details of the extinct animals.
C. Mammoths’ DNA samples are invaluable for their extremely long history.
D. The research team created a new record for reconstructing an ancient book.
86. What is the passage mainly about?
A. The movie One Million Years B. C revealed the early human civilization.
B. Scientists have uncovered the secrets of life by studying mammoths’ DNA.
C. The mammoths’ DNA may give a clearer picture of ancient inhabitants on earth.
D. Discoveries of mammoths’ DNA samples help the development of DNA reconstruction technology.
Section C（共8分，每小题2分）
Directions: Read the following passage carefully Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. However, the few that remain unopened present some different problems.
B. Though some imperfections remain, it has a bright future.
C. The key lay in knowing that the inks used at the time often contained iron.
D. This practice is what Jana Dambrogio at MIT called “letterlocking”.
E. Origami has attracted a lot of attention from all over the world.
F. The collection includes 577 unopened, letterlocked official letters.
Origami (折纸) in Reverse
Modern communications can gain privacy with the help of passwords. However, origami would be a better choice three hundred years ago.
Before glued envelopes became common in the 1800s, letters were posted with no security wrapper. Privacy-minded writers relied instead on smart combinations of folds, tucks (褶子), slits (缝) and seals. 87 Some, like “chapel fold”, in which the letter turned into its own envelope and scaled, were the equivalent of simple locks.
But information about the practice is scarce. Most historical letters survive in their opened form, leaving fans like Ms. Dambrogio with little to go on but crease-marks (折痕) and tears. 88 For example, it seems impossible to read the letters without permanently damaging the letterlock. Now, in research published in Nature Communications, Ms. Dambrogio and her colleagues have come with a solution.
The letters in question are part of the Brienne Collection, a treasure of thousands of undelivered 17th-century letters given to offspring by Dutch postmasters. 89 To get at their letters’ contents while keeping the locks undamaged, the team turned to X-rays and computers.
90 This meant that X-ray scanner could reliably distinguish the metallic letters from the paper background. Once the scanning had been done, with the location of folds and creases mapped, the resulting model could be virtually unfolded by a computer to reveal the hidden text. Although no big secrets have yet emerged from the Brienne Collection, the technique seems to hold plenty of promise for future research into a fascinating historical practice.
V. Translation（共15分，91-92题每小题3分，93题4分，94题5分）
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
91.是你的努力而不是才智决定你的成功。（determine）
92.毋庸置疑，恰当的肢体语言在日常交流中起到了重要作用。（role）
93.听到他喜欢的足球队获胜的消息，他兴奋得难以入眠。（too...to...）
94.自然灾害使得这个著名的旅游景点险象环生，导致游客人数骤减。（leave）
VI. Guided Writing（共25分）
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是李明，听闻你家乡政府正在征集民众方案帮助果农解决因疫情中积压的大量水果。请写一封信积极回应。（信中不能出现真实的校名和姓名）你的信件内容需包括：
（1）陈述你提供的具体方案；
（2）分析其可行性
2020学年第二学期调研试卷
高一 英语试卷 答案
I. Listening （共25分，1-10题每小题1分，11-20题每小题1.5分）
1-10. BADDA BAACD 11-13. BDB 14-16. CAD 17-20. BAAC
II. Grammar （共20分，每小题1分）
21-30. CBBBD CCABD
31. reading 32.like 33.which 34. that 35. where
36. as though/if 37. filled 38. to listen 39. lives/has lived 40. helping
III. Vocabulary （共20分，每小题1分）
41-50. BEDGK CFAHJ
51-60. CGAHK BDIJE
IV. Reading comprehension （共45分，61-75题每小题1分，76-90题每小题2分）
61-75. BADDC BACCD BCDAB
76-79. DBBA 80-82. AAB 83-86. BACC 87-90. DAFC
V. Translation （共15分，91-92题每小题3分，93题4分，94题5分）
91.是你的努力而不是才智决定你的成功。（determine）
It is your effort(s) not your intelligence that determine(s) your success.
1 1 强调句型1分
92.毋庸置疑，恰当的肢体语言在日常交流中起到了重要作用。（role）
There is no denying that proper body language plays an important role in daily communication.
1 0.5 1 0.5
93.听到他喜欢的足球队获胜的消息，他兴奋得难以入眠。（too...to...）
Hearing the news that his favorite team won the match, he was too excited to fall asleep.
2 2
94.自然灾害使得这个著名的旅游景点险象环生，导致游客人数骤减。（leave）
Natural disasters have let the famous tourist attraction in constant danger (of collapsing), causing the number of
1 2 1
tourists to decline rapidly/dramatically /sharply.
1
VI. Guided writing （共25分）
听力文本
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. M: Excuse me, can you give me the balance on my account?
W: Sure. Tell me your account number.
Q: Where docs the conversation most probably take place? (B)
2. W: I think in order for a hotel to be successful, it has to be affordable.
M: Really? I think some of the most successful hotels are very expensive.
Q: What are they talking about? (A)
3. M: Debbie, I’m sorry about yesterday. I know I was wrong to get angry. It’s just that I’m nervous about the exams, too.
W: Really, I wouldn’t have expected that.
Q: What is the probable relationship between the two speakers? (D)
4. W: The prices at the restaurant have increased a lot. Now a steak costs 30 pounds.
M: I know. Five years ago, one steak was only a third of that price.
Q: How much did a steak cost five years ago? (D)
5. W:Good morning, Mr. Lee. Did you sleep well after your long flight?
M: Yes, I did. I feel full of energy and I’m ready for our meting
Q: What are they going to do next? (A)
6. W: Do you head of to your local gym after work, Rob?
M: No, I hate group exercise. I prefer to go for a run on my own. It’s free, and I enjoy being outdoors.
Q: What can we learn about Rob? (B)
7. M: I really can’t put up with Jane. She is always speaking ill of others.
W: So she is, but she seems to have god relations with our boss.
Q: What can we learn about Jane? (A)
8. M: Oh. no. Not another parking ticket. That’s the second one this week. Why did I get a ticket for parking here? I thought this was a free parking area.
W: There is a sign over there. You can only park here after working hour.
Q: What can we learn about the man? (A)
9. W: Oh. I’m terribly sorry, sir. I wasn’t looking just now. Let me help pick the books up.
M: Why don’t you kids put your phone away for one second of the day?
Q: What does the man mean? (C)
10. M: Cindy, you changed your hairstyle.
W: I asked to have my hair cut a lite bit, but when I looked down the floor, there were piles of my hair on it. I couldn’t believe it.
Q: What can we learn about Cindy from the conversation? (D)
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
My son Joe fell in love with a young lady. Her father worked in a police station. Joe was interested in working there, and he came home one day and said, “I’m taking the police test.” When he graduated, he went to East New York, where I started up my career. However, Joe’s brother, John wanted to be the “next Donald Trump”, a millionaire well-known in America. But in 1984, I came down with stomach cancer. He noticed how the people I worked with in the fire department took care of us. He decided to be a firefighter.
Both the boys would call me when they were working. John would always call around four o’clock, and that particular night September 10, we spoke for a few minutes. And I said “I love you,” and be said: “I love you.” Joe called me in the morning and told me to turn on the television, that a plane just hit the Trade Center. I just said: “Be careful. I love you.” He said: “I love you, too.” That was it.
We had John for 36 years and Joe for 34 years. It’s not often that the last words you say to your son or daughter are “I love you,” and the last words that they hear are “I love you.” So, that makes me sleep at night.
Questions
11. What was the speaker? (B)
12. What did Joe tell this father to do on the phone that morning? (D)
13. What can we learn from the passage? (B)
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage
Global warming is getting worse. Scientists have found that it’s even making some fish stupid. Like humans, fish like to live in groups with familiar friends. This helps them avoid enemies. However, global warming is making the levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) in sea water higher. Because of this, some fish are not able to smell the signs of danger left by their friends.
What’s worse, the hearing of those fish is also weakened. During the day, if you listen carefully, some reefs are full of sounds. The sounds come from various kinds of sea life in the reefs. When a young fish hears sounds from a reef, it will swim away in order to avoid its enemies. However, as the sea water gets warmer, fish’s hearing becomes poorer. This makes them easily attracted to reefs during the day. That’s bad news, because if enemies are nearby hunting for lunch, a fish may not hear them and then become easy prey.
About 2.3 million tons of CO2 from human activities goes into the world’s oceans every year. If the number keeps growing, it will make it harder for some fish to tell friends from enemies.
Questions:
14. Why can’t some fish smell the signs of danger left by their friends? (C)
15. How is a young fish warned of its enemies in the reefs? (A)
16. What happens to fish as a result of global warming? (D)
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
W: Sam! It’s great to see you again. You look fantastic!
M: Thanks! You look great, too. I love your new hairstyle.
W: You’re joking! I haven’t been to the hairdresser’s for ages.
M: I hear that you’ve been very busy lately. You were nominated for a Businessperson of the Year award, weren’t you? You must be so proud.
W: Well, you know, I’ve got a great team behind me, so I really have them to thank. Hey, I read your latest novel. It’s really funny!
M: Do you think so? The reviews haven’t been that great.
W: Well, I loved it!
M: That’s very kind of you. It was a lot of hard work. By the way, I saw your wedding photos on Facebook. What a beautiful dress!
W: Oh, that old thing. It’s been in the family for generations.
M: And your husband looks like a real catch.
W: Yeah, John is a great guy.
M: He is busy these days, I suppose ...
W: [laughing nervously] Yeah, he is. Oh, I’ve been meaning to ask, what’s all this about a bank robbery? You helped catch one of the robbers, didn’t you?
M: Oh, it was nothing. I was just in the right place at the right time. I was actually heading for the carpark. But I must have tripped and knocked the gun out of the robber’s hands.
W: Incredible ... Anyway, I must be going. We have to do this again soon!
M: Definitely! And bring John next time. I can’t wait to meet him. He’s so interesting a guy.
W: Erm, yes, great.
Questions:
17. What has happened to the woman recently? (B)
18. Why was the man modest about his achievement in writing? (A)
19. How did the woman’s husband John strike Sam? (A)
20. Which of the following statements is true about the robbery? (C)
高一 英语试卷
考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A（共10分，每小题1分）
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. Ina restaurant. B. In a bank. C. In a gym. D. At the airport.
2. A. What makes a hotel successful. B. Which hotel is the most successful.
C. Why some hotels are more expensive. D. How a hotel can be made affordable.
3. A. Teacher and student. B. Coach and athlete.
C. Manager and club member. D. Classmates.
4. A. ?30. B. ?20. C. ?15. D. ?10.
5. A. Have a meeting. B. Have a good sleep.
C. Get ready for a flight. D. Get some energy drinks.
6. A. He hates running on his own. B. He prefers to exercise by himself.
C. He goes to the gym regularly after work. D. He enjoys outdoor sports in groups.
7. A. She always says bad things about her colleagues.
B. She has a good reputation among her colleagues.
C. She is good at handling complicated relationships.
D. She has good relations with her colleagues and boss.
8. A. He didn’t see the sign. B. He didn’t take the woman’s tips.
C. He has got three parking tickets this month. D. He parked his car there after working hours.
9. A. The girl needn’t have apologized to him.
B. School children should not use a phone.
C. The girl shouldn’t look at her phone while walking.
D. Mobile phones should be banned in the day time.
10. A. She is satisfied with her new hairstyle.
B. She is suffering from a serious of hair loss.
C. She found her new image unbelievably nice.
D. Her hair dresser didn’t understand her requirement.
Section B （共15分，每小题1.5分）
Direction: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. A policeman. B. A fireman. C. A doctor. D. A businessman.
12. A. Tum on the radio. B. Get up early.
C. Call John right away. D. Watch the live news.
13. A. Joe wanted to become a millionaire.
B. Both John and Joe died on Sept. 11.
C. The father died of stomach cancer eventually.
D. John wanted to be a firefighter because of a young lady.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. The number of fish increases greatly.
B. The reefs (礁) don’t make any warning sounds.
C. The level of CO2 in sea water increases.
D. Various kinds of sea life are attracted to the reefs.
15. A. By the sounds other sea life makes.
B. By the smells other fish leave.
C. By the lights other fish give off.
D. By the waves other sea life sends.
16. A. They will avoid swimming near reefs.
B. They are surrounded by enemies.
C. They can’t find their way home.
D. They can’t act wisely for weakened senses.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. She has recently done her hair and looks fantastic.
B. She was recommended as a candidate for an award.
C. She’s occupied in issuing awards to the prize winners.
D. She was proud of her recent change in her public image.
18. A. Because he didn’t receive positive reviews.
B. Because he knew the woman was being polite.
C. Because his previous novel was much better.
D. Because his work was more humorous than great.
19. A. John was an attractive man.
B. John was devoted to his business.
C. John was good at catching thieves.
D. John enjoyed sharing his wedding photos.
20. A. The robber was armed with a knife.
B. The robbery occurred at the hairdresser’s.
C. The man helped catch the robber by coincidence.
D. The man was in a park when the robbery happened.
II. Grammar（共20分，每小题1分）
Section A
Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.
21. Doctors’ suggestions for dosage: ________ tablet each day for two weeks.
A. each B. every C. one D. any
22. Make decisions right away, ________ you’ll miss a golden chance.
A. if B. or C. as D. and
23. High school students have trouble ________ the difference between a real and a fake news website.
A. to tell B. telling C. having told D. being told
24. ________ in a quiet street, the store almost exclusively stocks rare books by women.
A. Locating B. Located C. Being located D. To locate
25. Have you made full preparations for the presentation ________ tomorrow afternoon?
A. delivered B. will be delivered C. delivering D. to be delivered
26. Rowan Atkinson’s speech problems led to ________ throughout his school career.
A. he was bullied B. him bullied C. him being bullied D. him bullying
27. Up till now, the passengers who had close contact with the three sick people ________ in hospital under medical observation.
A. put B. has put C. have been put D. being put
28. It is clear that, ________ self-awareness is a healthy quality, overdoing it is harmful.
A. while B. because C. whether D. when
29. It’s important to remember ________ people choose to post on social media does not necessarily reflect their life overall.
A. that B. what C. why D. how
30. ________ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.
A. That B. How C. Whether D. Whichever
Section B
Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Romancing the Library
I have a special place in my heart for libraries. I have for as long as I can remember. I was always an enthusiastic reader, sometimes (31) ________ (read) up to three books a day as a child. Stories were (32) ________ air to me and while other kids played ball or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.
My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old, (33) ________ was a dream job. I had so much enthusiasm, shelving books, reading to the children for story time, (34) ________ my friends and I would hang out there often, teaching and doing homework while I worked.
The library meant more to me as I grew older and had several children. It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local library, (35) ________ my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them.
I always read, using different voices, (36) ________ ________ I were acting out the stories with my voice and they loved it! It was a special time to bond with my children and keep them (37) ________ (fill) with the wonderment of books.
Libraries offered story hour and I’d take my children, and then my grandchildren, there (38) ________ (listen) to writers read books. Now, I see my children taking their children to the library and I am happy that the excitement of going to the library (39) ________ (live) on from generation to generation.
As an author of romance novels, I’ve found a new relationship with libraries. I see libraries as a safe haven (避风港) for readers and writers, a bridge (40) ________ (help) to put together a reader with a book.
I could say my first love affair was with books, and I was constantly romancing the library.
III. Vocabulary（共20分，每小题1分）
Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
（A）
A. understanding B. previous C. increasingly D. contact E. cheer F. issue
G. concerned H. identified I. permanently J. predictor K. reach
Loneliness
The woman on the other end of the phone spoke lightheartedly of spring and her 81st birthday the 41 week. “Who did you celebrate with, Beryl?” asked Alison, whose job was to offer a kind ear.
“No one, I ...” And with that, Beryl’s 42 turned into sadness.
She admitted that she had been alone at home not just on her birthday, but for days and days. The telephone conversation was the first time she had spoken in more than a week.
About 10,000 similar calls come in weekly to an office building, which houses The Silver Line Helpline, a 24-hour call center for older adults seeking to fill a basic need: 43 with other people.
Alison said she was most 44 not about those who called The Silver Line. but those who were too depressed by their isolation to pick up the phone. “We ought to raise awareness with the people who are the hardest to 45 .” she said.
Loneliness used to be described as “the horror not to be surveyed”. But in Britain, it is 46 being viewed as something more. It is now recognized as a serious public heath 47 deserving public funds and national attention. Working with local governments and the National Health Service, prograrms aimed at relieving loneliness have sprung up in dozens of cities and towns.
Meanwhile, researchers are deepening their 48 of its biological causes. In a paper published earlier this year in the journal Cell, scientists 49 a region of the brain they believe can generate feelings of loneliness. The region, known as the dorsal raphe nucleus, or DRN, is best known for its link to depression. As a(n) 50 of early death, loneliness is no longer medically acceptable to ignore older adults who feel lonely and isolated.
（B）
A. complicate B. ridiculous C. screamed D. trend E. introduced F. settles
G. distribute H. barrier I. contribute J. persists K. benefits
You Deserve a “Brighter” Future
WOOOOOSH! The drone (无人机) flew over our heads. Students 51 with delight and dashed around the courtyard, all heads turned skyward. Misty mountains and the green forest surrounded us, with fields caved into the wilderness. I was in the Yunnan countryside with an NGO (Non-Governmental Organization) to 52 free glasses to nearsighted children.
While the children seemed quite pleased to witness a drone lift off for the first time, the sad reality was that perhaps only half could see the drone at all.
Many layers of obstacles 53 this problem, the first being access. The eye doctors are concentrated in cities, but so many urban students need eye examinations.
In addition to access, information is another 54 . If a rural student is nearsighted, there is almost no way for them to know unless their teacher notices and acts. Even if students discover they need glasses and can access an eye doctor, they face the financial challenge of paying for glasses. Many parents in rural areas, who have never worn glasses themselves, don’t understand the 55 and see no reason to spend the extra money. Some even fear that glasses will further harm their eyesight. How 56 !
When you walk the streets of cities in China today, you will find that the 57 is even more alarming. Heavy homework loads, increasing screen time on smartphones, and less sunlight from outdoor activities all 58 to worsening nearsightedness among urban students. If this problem 59 , the consequences will be more serious than you can imagine. This may lead to the county’s running out of personnel in certain fields or occupations which require good eyesight.
To give students a "brighter" future, the government has 60 a grand plan to control the country’s rising number of nearsighted children and teenagers. Before it takes effect ,why not put down your smartphone and get back to nature?
IV. Reading comprehension
Section A （共15分，每小题1分）
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Would you rather watch a new movie or an old favorite? Would you rather or a dish you have never had at a restaurant, or 61 with something you know you will like? Researchers studying the “mere-exposure effect (曝光效应)” have found that we often prefer the familiar over the 62 .
In 1968, social psychologist Robert Zajonc published a landmark paper on the mere exposure effect. His hypothesis (假说) was that simply being exposed to something on a 63 basis was enough to make people like that thing, To test this, Zajonc had participants read words in a foreign language out loud. He 64 how often participants read each word (up to 25 repetition). Next, participants were asked to decide how positive or negative they thought the meaning of the word was. Zajonc found participants 65 words that they had said more often, while words that participants hadn’t read at all were rated more negatively, and words that had been read 25 times were rated highest.
In the decades since Zajonc published his paper on the mere exposure effect, researchers have 66 several theories to explain why the effect happens. One of them is that mere exposure makes us feel less uncertain. We tend to be 67 around new things, since they could be dangerous. However, when we see the same thing over and over and nothing bad happens, we start to realize that there’s nothing to be afraid of. 68 , the mere exposure effect occurs because we feel more positively about something familiar compared to something that is new and potentially dangerous.
69 , mere exposure increases what psychologists call “perceptual fluency (知觉流畅性)”, which is based on the idea that, when we’ve seen something before, it’s easier for us to understand and interpret it. Think about, 70 , the experience of watching a complex film. The first time you watch the film, you might find yourself struggling to 71 what’s happening and who the characters are. However, if you watch the movie a second time, the 72 and plot will be more familiar to you: psychologists would say that you 73 more perceptual fluency on the second viewing.
While psychologists are still debating what causes the mere exposure effect, it seems that having been previously exposed to something can 74 how we feel about it. And it may explain why, at least sometimes, we tend to 75 things that are already familiar to us.
61. A. exchange B. stick C. identify D. connect
62. A. new B. popular C. favorite D. unique
63. A. positive B. temporary C. short-term D. repeated
64. A. restricted B. determined C. concluded D. varied
65. A. studied B. spelt C. liked D. chose
66. A. changed B. suggested C. concealed D. traded
67. A. cautious B. curious C. conscious D. adventurous
68. A. On the other hand B. After all C. In other words D. As a result
69. A. However B. Consequently C. Additionally D. Therefore
70. A. by comparison B. without doubt C. in reality D. for example
71. A. take charge of B. keep track of C. make use of D. get rid of
72. A. effects B. struggles C. characters D. concepts
73. A. analyzed B. defined C. discovered D. experienced
74. A. change B. interpret C. promote D. illustrate
75. A. support B. prefer C. deliver D. notice
Section B（共22 分，每小题2分）
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
（A）
My daughter, Liora Saraik, aged 13, is beautiful, positive and humorous. Her father and I love her, but she has life-long conditions: uncontrolled epilepsy (癫痫) and autism (自闭症). She meets the government’s definition of vulnerable (脆弱的) and should have been able to go to school when lockdown started.
So why are we not sending her to school? On the first day of the lockdown, I spoke to a school staff member on the phone. “It’s up to you, of course, but I wouldn’t send her,” he said. “I can’t see how it can be safe.”
Many of the pupils like Liora, can’t speak or understand simple words such as food, drink, toilet. They don’t know anything about the virus. Many are also violent to parents and teachers and they are not able to stop biting, punching and kicking. Liora is not violet to others, but she is to herself, banging her own head with her fists when in pain or frustrated.
Liora’s head teacher, Adrian Carver, says if he lets more children into school, they could simply die of contracting coronavirus. He has to run desperate parents away, which he hates doing, as he knows it is not easy for us.
But clearly he has no idea of how hard it is for thousands of families in the crisis to care for their vulnerable children full-time. Parents like myself can’t provide what a school can offer. We have constant big challenges with personal care, and with sleep deprivation, as our children are often up in the night. Without school, it’s not only our children who are vulnerable, it’s the whole family.
So what do we need? I want recognition at the highest level for families caring for their disabled children. I want professional carers to be valued and paid properly for their specialist skills caring for children like Liora. Skilled carers leave their jobs because their wages are so low. We parents are in a constant fight with each other, first to get carers and then to keep them — we are like rats in a trap.
76. What is the problem with the writer?
A. She couldn’t afford to send her daughter to a special school.
B. She didn’t know how to communicate with her daughter.
C. She was afraid of contracting coronavirus by working in a special school.
D. She was stressed out by caring for her vulnerable daughter full time.
77. Liora was kept home because ________.
A. all the schools were closed
B. she was turned down by the school
C. her mother can keep her safe at home
D. her teacher was afraid of desperate parents
78. How did the writer most probably feel when writing this article?
A. Offended but hopeful. B. Exhausted and annoyed.
C. Calm but depressed. D. Puzzled and impatient.
79. The mother wrote this article in an attempt to ________.
A .draw attention to families with special needs in this crisis
B. appeal to sill carers to help her family
C. complain about the school that mistreated her daughter
D. seek guidance on the upbringing of vulnerable children
（B）
A Little Is A Lot For Those With Nothing
Each year, 22 million people die from preventable causes, such as polluted water or the lack of nutrition, according to a new report from the World Health Organization. These groups are taking some of the top lights:
**** A child dies every eight seconds from water-borne disease. Global Water builds wells in very poor communities in Romania, Central America and Africa. Go to global www.water.org.
**** As much as 80 percent of the world’s population may be lacking in iron. UNICEF supplies iron supplements (补充) to women and children in more than 100 countries, preventing anemia (贫血症), low birth weight and death. Their greeting cards, calendars and gifs help fund the program; visit www.unicef.org
**** Mercy Corps fed more than 150,000 mouths in 2003. Still, more than one-quarter of children worldwide are underweight. One dollar helps feed 15 kids in developing countries like India; learn more at www.mercycorps.org.
80. What is the purpose of the advertisement?
A. To ask readers to do their bit for the people who are likely to die from preventable causes.
B. To attract people’s attention to the problem of water pollution.
C. To help the homeless children in developing countries.
D. To ask the readers to surf the Internet and become aware of the miserable things in the world.
81. You can help the children lacking in iron by ________.
A. buying special greeting cards or gifts from UNICEF
B. helping the program of digging wells in poor area
C. doing some volunteer work for them
D. keeping our environment from being polluted
82. Supposing there are 300,000 starving children, how much money will be needed to help them according to 2003 standard?
A.15 dollars. B.20, 000 dollars.
C.4, 500, 000 dollars. D.2, 200, 000 dollars.
（C）
In the 1966 science-fiction movie One Million Years B. C., the movie characters had a time travel and arrived in an ancient landscape inhabited by dinosaurs and early humans. The movie was low on science and high on fiction: by then dinosaurs were long dead and modern humans were millions of years away.
A more accurate picture of Earth’s inhabitants at the time is now being revealed. In research published in Nature, a team of scientists led by Anders Gotherstrom at the University of Stockholm, and Love Dalen at the Centre for Palaeogenetics (古遗传学), also in Sweden, describe sequencing (测序) DNA samples from mammoths (猛犸象) that lived and died in north-eastern Siberia around a million years ago.
The team’s work represents a new record, for their mammoth DNA is, by some half a million years, the oldest ever successfully reconstructed. Extracted (提取) from horses, bears and even Neanderthals and Denisovans, two close cousins of modern humans, such ancient DNA has proved an invaluable tool for investigating the past. Although fossils preserve the basic physical features of extinct animals, they are silent about many crucial details that even an incomplete genome (基因组) can help to fill in.
The trouble with DNA is that it breaks down after death. The more broken down it is, the harder it is to sequence. Scientists think that, after about 6m years, all that would be left would be individual base pairs (碱基对), the equivalent of trying to reconstruct a book from several letters. Under the right conditions, however, such as the extreme cold of Arctic permafrost (冻土层) this decay can be slowed.
Dr. Dalen and his colleagues were interested in three mammoth molars (臼齿) extracted in the 1970s from Siberian geological layers that suggested great age. Samples from each were sent to Dr. Dalen’s laboratory in 2017. Having checked they had not been contaminated by bacteria or the shaking hands of Paleontologists, the DNA were extracted, sequenced, and dated. Whereas DNA samples from a living animal can run to several hundreds of thousands of letters, the ancient mammoth samples yielded merely dozens of letter long. This is close to the limit of what is scientifically usable, says a biologist named Ludovic Orlando.
83. What does the underlined word “contaminated” probably mean?
A. Protected. B. Polluted. C. Estimated. D. Discovered.
84. According to the passage, the challenges the research team face may include ________.
①the limited number of DNA in mammoth samples
②the break-down of mammoth’s DNA after death
③the wide spread of mammoth samples
④the damage done to the mammoth samples from external environment
⑤the difficulty in extraction of the mammoth’s DNA
A.①②④ B.②④⑤ C.②③④ D.①③④
85. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A. The fact that DNA can break down makes it easier to sequence.
B. The incomplete genome can’t give any details of the extinct animals.
C. Mammoths’ DNA samples are invaluable for their extremely long history.
D. The research team created a new record for reconstructing an ancient book.
86. What is the passage mainly about?
A. The movie One Million Years B. C revealed the early human civilization.
B. Scientists have uncovered the secrets of life by studying mammoths’ DNA.
C. The mammoths’ DNA may give a clearer picture of ancient inhabitants on earth.
D. Discoveries of mammoths’ DNA samples help the development of DNA reconstruction technology.
Section C（共8分，每小题2分）
Directions: Read the following passage carefully Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. However, the few that remain unopened present some different problems.
B. Though some imperfections remain, it has a bright future.
C. The key lay in knowing that the inks used at the time often contained iron.
D. This practice is what Jana Dambrogio at MIT called “letterlocking”.
E. Origami has attracted a lot of attention from all over the world.
F. The collection includes 577 unopened, letterlocked official letters.
Origami (折纸) in Reverse
Modern communications can gain privacy with the help of passwords. However, origami would be a better choice three hundred years ago.
Before glued envelopes became common in the 1800s, letters were posted with no security wrapper. Privacy-minded writers relied instead on smart combinations of folds, tucks (褶子), slits (缝) and seals. 87 Some, like “chapel fold”, in which the letter turned into its own envelope and scaled, were the equivalent of simple locks.
But information about the practice is scarce. Most historical letters survive in their opened form, leaving fans like Ms. Dambrogio with little to go on but crease-marks (折痕) and tears. 88 For example, it seems impossible to read the letters without permanently damaging the letterlock. Now, in research published in Nature Communications, Ms. Dambrogio and her colleagues have come with a solution.
The letters in question are part of the Brienne Collection, a treasure of thousands of undelivered 17th-century letters given to offspring by Dutch postmasters. 89 To get at their letters’ contents while keeping the locks undamaged, the team turned to X-rays and computers.
90 This meant that X-ray scanner could reliably distinguish the metallic letters from the paper background. Once the scanning had been done, with the location of folds and creases mapped, the resulting model could be virtually unfolded by a computer to reveal the hidden text. Although no big secrets have yet emerged from the Brienne Collection, the technique seems to hold plenty of promise for future research into a fascinating historical practice.
V. Translation（共15分，91-92题每小题3分，93题4分，94题5分）
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
91.是你的努力而不是才智决定你的成功。（determine）
92.毋庸置疑，恰当的肢体语言在日常交流中起到了重要作用。（role）
93.听到他喜欢的足球队获胜的消息，他兴奋得难以入眠。（too...to...）
94.自然灾害使得这个著名的旅游景点险象环生，导致游客人数骤减。（leave）
VI. Guided Writing（共25分）
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是李明，听闻你家乡政府正在征集民众方案帮助果农解决因疫情中积压的大量水果。请写一封信积极回应。（信中不能出现真实的校名和姓名）你的信件内容需包括：
（1）陈述你提供的具体方案；
（2）分析其可行性
2020学年第二学期调研试卷
高一 英语试卷 答案
I. Listening （共25分，1-10题每小题1分，11-20题每小题1.5分）
1-10. BADDA BAACD 11-13. BDB 14-16. CAD 17-20. BAAC
II. Grammar （共20分，每小题1分）
21-30. CBBBD CCABD
31. reading 32.like 33.which 34. that 35. where
36. as though/if 37. filled 38. to listen 39. lives/has lived 40. helping
III. Vocabulary （共20分，每小题1分）
41-50. BEDGK CFAHJ
51-60. CGAHK BDIJE
IV. Reading comprehension （共45分，61-75题每小题1分，76-90题每小题2分）
61-75. BADDC BACCD BCDAB
76-79. DBBA 80-82. AAB 83-86. BACC 87-90. DAFC
V. Translation （共15分，91-92题每小题3分，93题4分，94题5分）
91.是你的努力而不是才智决定你的成功。（determine）
It is your effort(s) not your intelligence that determine(s) your success.
1 1 强调句型1分
92.毋庸置疑，恰当的肢体语言在日常交流中起到了重要作用。（role）
There is no denying that proper body language plays an important role in daily communication.
1 0.5 1 0.5
93.听到他喜欢的足球队获胜的消息，他兴奋得难以入眠。（too...to...）
Hearing the news that his favorite team won the match, he was too excited to fall asleep.
2 2
94.自然灾害使得这个著名的旅游景点险象环生，导致游客人数骤减。（leave）
Natural disasters have let the famous tourist attraction in constant danger (of collapsing), causing the number of
1 2 1
tourists to decline rapidly/dramatically /sharply.
1
VI. Guided writing （共25分）
听力文本
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. M: Excuse me, can you give me the balance on my account?
W: Sure. Tell me your account number.
Q: Where docs the conversation most probably take place? (B)
2. W: I think in order for a hotel to be successful, it has to be affordable.
M: Really? I think some of the most successful hotels are very expensive.
Q: What are they talking about? (A)
3. M: Debbie, I’m sorry about yesterday. I know I was wrong to get angry. It’s just that I’m nervous about the exams, too.
W: Really, I wouldn’t have expected that.
Q: What is the probable relationship between the two speakers? (D)
4. W: The prices at the restaurant have increased a lot. Now a steak costs 30 pounds.
M: I know. Five years ago, one steak was only a third of that price.
Q: How much did a steak cost five years ago? (D)
5. W:Good morning, Mr. Lee. Did you sleep well after your long flight?
M: Yes, I did. I feel full of energy and I’m ready for our meting
Q: What are they going to do next? (A)
6. W: Do you head of to your local gym after work, Rob?
M: No, I hate group exercise. I prefer to go for a run on my own. It’s free, and I enjoy being outdoors.
Q: What can we learn about Rob? (B)
7. M: I really can’t put up with Jane. She is always speaking ill of others.
W: So she is, but she seems to have god relations with our boss.
Q: What can we learn about Jane? (A)
8. M: Oh. no. Not another parking ticket. That’s the second one this week. Why did I get a ticket for parking here? I thought this was a free parking area.
W: There is a sign over there. You can only park here after working hour.
Q: What can we learn about the man? (A)
9. W: Oh. I’m terribly sorry, sir. I wasn’t looking just now. Let me help pick the books up.
M: Why don’t you kids put your phone away for one second of the day?
Q: What does the man mean? (C)
10. M: Cindy, you changed your hairstyle.
W: I asked to have my hair cut a lite bit, but when I looked down the floor, there were piles of my hair on it. I couldn’t believe it.
Q: What can we learn about Cindy from the conversation? (D)
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
My son Joe fell in love with a young lady. Her father worked in a police station. Joe was interested in working there, and he came home one day and said, “I’m taking the police test.” When he graduated, he went to East New York, where I started up my career. However, Joe’s brother, John wanted to be the “next Donald Trump”, a millionaire well-known in America. But in 1984, I came down with stomach cancer. He noticed how the people I worked with in the fire department took care of us. He decided to be a firefighter.
Both the boys would call me when they were working. John would always call around four o’clock, and that particular night September 10, we spoke for a few minutes. And I said “I love you,” and be said: “I love you.” Joe called me in the morning and told me to turn on the television, that a plane just hit the Trade Center. I just said: “Be careful. I love you.” He said: “I love you, too.” That was it.
We had John for 36 years and Joe for 34 years. It’s not often that the last words you say to your son or daughter are “I love you,” and the last words that they hear are “I love you.” So, that makes me sleep at night.
Questions
11. What was the speaker? (B)
12. What did Joe tell this father to do on the phone that morning? (D)
13. What can we learn from the passage? (B)
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage
Global warming is getting worse. Scientists have found that it’s even making some fish stupid. Like humans, fish like to live in groups with familiar friends. This helps them avoid enemies. However, global warming is making the levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) in sea water higher. Because of this, some fish are not able to smell the signs of danger left by their friends.
What’s worse, the hearing of those fish is also weakened. During the day, if you listen carefully, some reefs are full of sounds. The sounds come from various kinds of sea life in the reefs. When a young fish hears sounds from a reef, it will swim away in order to avoid its enemies. However, as the sea water gets warmer, fish’s hearing becomes poorer. This makes them easily attracted to reefs during the day. That’s bad news, because if enemies are nearby hunting for lunch, a fish may not hear them and then become easy prey.
About 2.3 million tons of CO2 from human activities goes into the world’s oceans every year. If the number keeps growing, it will make it harder for some fish to tell friends from enemies.
Questions:
14. Why can’t some fish smell the signs of danger left by their friends? (C)
15. How is a young fish warned of its enemies in the reefs? (A)
16. What happens to fish as a result of global warming? (D)
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
W: Sam! It’s great to see you again. You look fantastic!
M: Thanks! You look great, too. I love your new hairstyle.
W: You’re joking! I haven’t been to the hairdresser’s for ages.
M: I hear that you’ve been very busy lately. You were nominated for a Businessperson of the Year award, weren’t you? You must be so proud.
W: Well, you know, I’ve got a great team behind me, so I really have them to thank. Hey, I read your latest novel. It’s really funny!
M: Do you think so? The reviews haven’t been that great.
W: Well, I loved it!
M: That’s very kind of you. It was a lot of hard work. By the way, I saw your wedding photos on Facebook. What a beautiful dress!
W: Oh, that old thing. It’s been in the family for generations.
M: And your husband looks like a real catch.
W: Yeah, John is a great guy.
M: He is busy these days, I suppose ...
W: [laughing nervously] Yeah, he is. Oh, I’ve been meaning to ask, what’s all this about a bank robbery? You helped catch one of the robbers, didn’t you?
M: Oh, it was nothing. I was just in the right place at the right time. I was actually heading for the carpark. But I must have tripped and knocked the gun out of the robber’s hands.
W: Incredible ... Anyway, I must be going. We have to do this again soon!
M: Definitely! And bring John next time. I can’t wait to meet him. He’s so interesting a guy.
W: Erm, yes, great.
Questions:
17. What has happened to the woman recently? (B)
18. Why was the man modest about his achievement in writing? (A)
19. How did the woman’s husband John strike Sam? (A)
20. Which of the following statements is true about the robbery? (C)
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