外研版（2019）必修三Unit 5-What an adventure!单元核心考点解析&随堂专练学案（含答案）-Section A

Unit 5-What an adventure!
单元核心考点解析&随堂专练-Section A
【词汇解析】
attempt n.努力,尝试　v.企图,试图;尝试
【课文原句】
With the majority of attempts to climb Qomolangma resulting either in total success or failure,is there also a scientific reason behind this risk-taking?
大多数攀登珠穆朗玛峰的尝试要么完全成功,要么失败,在这种冒险行为背后是否也有科学依据?
【词汇精讲】
句中attempt 为可数名词,后面跟不定式作定语,意为“……的尝试和努力”。
attempt 还可以作动词,意为“企图,试图;尝试”,后面跟不定式作宾语。
After all the attempts to cure him of heart attack,the doctors announced that he would fully recover in several months.
在进行了所有治愈他的心脏病的努力后,医生宣布他将在几个月内完全康复。
Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro,the highest mountain in Africa.
每年大约有4万人试图攀登非洲最高峰乞力马扎罗山。
The proposal attempts to deal with what some call the “death valley” of autonomous vehicles.
该提案试图解决一些人所说的无人驾驶汽车“死亡谷”问题。
【词汇拓展】
attempt to do sth努力尝试做某事;企图做某事
make an attempt to do/at doing sth试图做某事
at one’s /the first/the second ...attempt(某人) 第一/二……次尝试
Encouraged by his teacher,John attempted to compete for the position of chairman of the Students’ Union.
在老师的鼓励下,约翰试图竞争学生会主席的职位。
The kids made an attempt to leave for camping but were stopped by their parents.
孩子们想去野营但被他们的父母阻止了。
To his great joy,he succeeded in getting the job he had been dreaming of at his first attempt.
令他高兴的是,他第一次尝试就得到了梦寐以求的工作。

be up to 取决于;胜任;忙于;多达
【课文原句】
It’s totally up to you.
这完全取决于你。
【词汇精讲】
句中be up to sb 意为“取决于某人”。
常用于“be up to sb to do...”句型,意为“由某人负责或决定做某事”。
be up to 还有“胜任;忙于;多达”之意。
It is up to everybody to protect the environment from being polluted.
保护环境,人人有责。
It is up to you to decide when the calligraphy contest will be held.
由你来决定书法比赛什么时候举行。
She’s up to the job.In fact,she’ll probably deliver the report early.
她能胜任那份工作。 事实上,她可能今天会早点交报告。
What have you been up to these days?
这些天你在忙些什么?
【词汇拓展】
up to达到;多达
up to now迄今为止
up to date最新的;时髦的;现代的(作表语或补语)
up-to-date最新的;时髦的;现代的(作定语)
New students are now aware that they are likely to leave university up to ￡15,000 in debt.
新生们现在意识到他们很可能在大学毕业时欠债多达15 000英镑。
What my English teacher has used is a up-to-date method of language teaching.
我的英语老师使用的是一种最新的语言教学法。

bring...into focus 使……成为焦点
【课文原句】
It brings into focus what’s important to you.
它会让你关注对你来说重要的事情。
【词汇精讲】
句中 bring...into focus意为“使……成为焦点;使人关注……”。
what’s important to you是what引导的宾语从句,作bring的宾语。
The lecture by the professor from the Tsinghua University will bring the wildlife protection into focus.
来自清华大学的教授所做的讲座将使野生动物保护成为人们关注的焦点。
China’s two sessions in 2018 brought internet culture industry into focus.
2018年中国的两会聚焦了互联网文化产业。
【词汇拓展】
focus on集中于
focus one’s attention/eyes/minds on...集中注意力/目光/思绪于……
come into focus轮廓明显;清晰
the focus of attention/concern注意力/关注的焦点
Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent.They focus on football,basketball and baseball.
球队老板花费数百万美元来吸引顶级人才。他们专注于足球、篮球和棒球。
With so many people focusing their eyes on him,he felt very nervous.
这么多人都盯着他看,他感到很紧张。
The trade conflict between China and the US has come into focus recently.
中美之间的贸易战最近成为人们关注的焦点。

confirm v.证实;证明;确认
【课文原句】
The first people confirmed to have reached the top were Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay in 1953.
1953年,埃德蒙·希拉里和丹增·诺尔盖首次确认登顶。
【词汇精讲】
本句中confirm 是及物动词,意为“证实,确认”,宾语可以是名词、代词或that从句。
When asked,Li Qiang confirmed that he was going to retire next year.
当被问及时,李强证实他明年就要退休了。
Immediately the news that he was admitted into the National Games was confirmed,she burst into tears of happiness.
入选全运会的消息一经证实,她喜极而泣。
Enter your user name,password and confirm password then click Next.
输入您的用户名、密码和确认密码,然后单击下一步。
While shopping online,you are supposed to confirm that you have received your package in time.
网上购物时,你应该及时确认你已经收到了包裹。
【词汇拓展】
It has been confirmed that ...据证实……;已经确认……
confirm sb as...任命某人为……
confirmation n.证实;证明;确认
It has been confirmed that the celebrating party will be held next Friday.
已经确定庆祝晚会将在下周五举行。
He was confirmed as captain for the rest of the season.
他被正式任命在这个赛季剩下的一段时间内担任队长。

crowd n.人群;拥挤　v.(使)挤满;聚集
【课文原句】
Last year,hundreds of people spent good money on an experience that they knew would include crowds,discomfort and danger.
去年,成百上千的人花了大把的钱来体验一次他们知道会有拥挤、不适和危险的经历。
【词汇精讲】
句中crowd 为可数名词,意为“人群;拥挤”。
crowd还可以作动词,意为“(使)挤满;聚集”。
Seeing the big crowd coming towards him,he started to run down the hill,but slipped.
看到一大群人朝他走来,他开始往山下跑,但滑了一跤。
Crowds lined the road,waving flags and cheering.
人群列队行进,挥舞着旗帜,欢呼着。
We all crowded into her office to sing “Happy Birthday”.
我们全都涌进她的办公室,唱“生日快乐”。
【词汇拓展】
a crowd of一群;许多
crowd in (on sb)挤进;涌上心头
crowd into挤入……
crowded adj.拥挤的
be crowded with挤满……
On getting off the plane,the famous star was surrounded by a crowd of fans.
这位著名的明星刚一下飞机就被一群影迷围住了。
She tried to sleep,but thoughts crowded in and images flashed into her mind.
她想睡觉,但头脑中想法不断涌现,画面一一闪现。
The stadium was crowded with excited people waiting for their favourite player.
体育场里挤满了激动的人,等待他们最喜欢的球员的到来。

failure n.失败;失败者;故障;破产
【课文原句】
With the majority of attempts to climb Qomolangma resulting either in total success or failure,is there also a scientific reason behind this risk-taking?
大多数攀登珠穆朗玛峰的尝试要么完全成功,要么失败,在这种冒险行为背后是否也有科学依据?
【词汇精讲】
句中failure 是抽象名词,意为“失败”。
但特指“一个失败的人;一件失败的事”时,前面可用不定冠词,把抽象名词具体化。
如果指失败的经历时,也可以用复数。
There is no such thing as failure.Failure is just life trying to move us in another direction.
世上没有失败,失败只不过是生活试图将我们推向另一个方向罢了。
Although he failed many times,he didn’t admit he was a failure.He would keep challenging himself bravely.
虽然他失败了很多次,但他不承认自己是一个失败者。他会一直勇敢地挑战自己。
The successes and failures you experience help to create who you are and who you become.
你所经历的成功和失败,会帮助你成就你自己。
【词汇拓展】
end (up) in failure以失败告终
fail v.失败;不及格;破产
fail to do失败;未做成
The next time your efforts end in failure,stopped to reflect on your behaviour.
下次当你的努力以失败告终时,停下来反省一下自己的行为。
Your attempt may fail,but never fail to make an attempt.
你的尝试可能会失败,但一定要尝试。
I planted some seeds in the yard in the spring.But they failed to come up.
春天我在院子里种了一些种子。但是它们没有发芽。
【名师点睛】
failure 还有“故障;破产”之意。
There were also several accidents mainly caused by engine failures on take-off.
还有一些事故主要是由起飞时引擎故障导致的。
It is said that the poor management was the main cause of the company’s failure.
据说管理不善是这家公司破产的主要原因。

refer to提及;谈到;参考;查阅;指的是
【课文原句】
He refers to the personalities of these people as “Type T”,with the “T” standing for “thrill”.
他把这些人的性格称为“T型”,“T”代表“兴奋”。
【词汇精讲】
句中refer to...as...意为“把……称为……”。
refer to 还有“提及;谈到;参考;查阅”之意。
People who work in factories are usually referred to as “blue collar workers”.
在工厂工作的人通常被称为“蓝领工人”。
I would like to know which is the person you are referring to.
我想知道你指的那个人是谁。
While giving your speech,you are required not to refer to your notes.
你在演讲时,不要参考笔记。
The problem the chairman referred to at the meeting should be solved as soon as possible.
主席在会上提到的问题应该尽快解决。
【名师点睛】
在表示“查阅”之意时,refer to 后多接参考资料; look up多接查询的内容。
Unless necessary,you’d better not refer to the dictionary.
除非必要,你最好别查字典。
Unless necessary,you’d better not look up a new word in the dictionary.
除非必要,你最好不要在词典里查生词。
【词汇拓展】
refer to ...as ...把……称作……
reference n.提及;参考;查阅
reference book参考书;工具书
I would appreciate it if you could recommend some useful English reference books.
如果你能推荐一些有用的英语参考书,我将不胜感激。
【句式解析】
That is what life means and what life is for.
那就是生命的意义和生命的目的。
【句式剖析】
这是一个主从复合句。
“what life means”和“what life is for”是两个由what引导的表语从句。
第一个表语从句中what充当mean的宾语,第二个表语从句中what充当介词for的宾语。
what引导名词性从句时通常要充当从句的成分,作从句的主语、宾语或表语。
This is what motivation or the lack of it can do.(what作表语从句的宾语)
这就是动机或缺乏动机所能做到的。
The young girl’s major concern is what she can eat to stay slim.(what作表语从句的宾语)
这个小女孩最关心的是吃什么来保持苗条。
As we can see,our school is no longer what it used to be.(what作表语从句的表语)
正如我们所看到的,我们的学校已经不是以前的样子了。
The cause of the climate change in this area is what puzzles the scientists most.(what作表语从句的主语)
这个地区气候变化的原因是使科学家们最困惑的。
【名师点津】
what引导名词性从句时通常要充当从句的成分,作从句的主语、宾语或表语。
而that引导名词性从句时在从句中不作成分,也没有意义,只起一个引导作用,引导宾语从句时常可省略。
What most parents are concerned about is to give their children the best possible education.(此主语从句缺少宾语,故用what引导)
大多数父母关心的是给他们的孩子尽可能最好的教育。
His problem is that he doesn’t have patience with this work.(此表语从句意义完整,不缺少成分,故用that引导)
他的问题是他对工作没有耐心。

For these people,climbing Qomolangma is an experience like no other,making some feel weak and others,powerful.
对这些人来说,攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一种与众不同的经历,让一些人感到软弱,而另一些人感到强大。
【句式剖析】
“making some feel weak and others,powerful”是动词-ing形式短语,在句中作experience的定语,补充说明攀登珠穆朗玛峰的意义。
The lecture,starting at 7:00 pm last night,was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.
讲座从昨晚7点开始,之后是用望远镜观测月球。
When we got a call saying she was short-listed,we thought it was a joke.
当我们接到她被列入候选名单的电话时,我们以为这是个玩笑。
With such models,scientists have found out some key principles operating in food webs.
通过这些模型,科学家们发现了在食物网中起作用的一些关键原理。
【名师点睛】
动词-ing形式作定语,描述被修饰词的一种状态或正在进行的动作,非谓语动词和被修饰的名词之间是主动关系。
一般情况下,单个的动词-ing形式作定语,放在所修饰词之前;
动词-ing形式短语作定语,往往放在所修饰词之后,相当于一个定语从句。
而过去分词作定语,非谓语动词和被修饰的名词之间则是被动关系,常表示动作已经完成。
The flowers smelling sweet in the garden attract the visitors to enjoy the beauty of nature.
花园里的花闻起来很香,吸引了游客来欣赏大自然的美丽。
The boy playing the computer games is my younger brother.
正在玩电脑游戏的男孩是我的弟弟。
The study,conducted by professor Brown is seeking for the true reason of such phenomena.
布朗教授进行的这项研究正在寻找这种现象的真正原因。

Christopher Columbus (1451—1506) was an Italian explorer who completed journeys between Spain and the Americas,thus marking the beginning of European exploration of the Americas.
克里斯托弗·哥伦布(1451—1506)是一位意大利探险家,他完成了西班牙和美洲之间的旅程,标志着欧洲人对美洲的探索的开始。
【句式剖析】
“marking the beginning of European exploration of the Americas”是动词-ing形式短语,在句中作结果状语,表示一种顺理成章、自然而然的结果。分词作结果状语通常放在句末。
The glaciers are disappearing,changing the face of Kilimanjaro.
这些冰川正在消失,改变了乞力马扎罗山的面貌。
Unfortunately his father died,leaving the family even worse off.
不幸的是,他的父亲去世了,使这个家庭的情况更加糟糕。
【名师点睛】
动词-ing形式作结果状语常表示意料、情理之中的结果;
不定式作结果状语常表示出乎意料的结果,前面通常加only。
The Chinese women’s volleyball team has got a honor of Five Consecutive Championships,greatly inspiring the morale(士气) of the whole nation.
中国女排获得了五连冠,极大地激发了全国人民的士气。
They reached the train station out of breath,only to be told that the train had just left.
他们上气不接下气地赶到火车站,却被告知火车刚开走。
【随堂专练】
**单词拼写
1.Only about half the 　　　　　(最初的) settlers made it through the first year.?
2.Body language varies from culture to culture,and 　　　　　(因此) they are likely to have misunderstanding.?
3.Once over the　　　　　 (国界) and into another country,everything changed.?
4.Have you 　　　　　(确认) your name and phone number??
5.Wherever she goes,there are 　　　　　(成群) of people waiting to see her.?
6.There was no signal in that faraway village and all my 　　　　　(尝试) to contact you failed.?
7.In fact,it was carelessness as well as laziness that led to his 　　　　　(失败).?

**翻译句子
1.人类一直在尝试探索太空并且取得了很大进展。(attempt to do)

2.昨天的新闻使人们开始关注校车安全。( bring... into focus )

3.虽然他的努力以失败而告终,但他不会失去信心。( end in failure )

4.由你来负责组织下周的英语演讲竞赛。( be up to )

5.我们班举行了各种各样的体育活动,增强了我们的体质。(分词作结果状语)

6.我的家乡发生了巨大的变化,它不再是以前的样子了。(what引导表语从句)


**概要写作
根据课文内容写一篇100词左右的内容概要。






参考答案：
单句填词：
答案:initial
答案:thus
答案:border
答案:confirmed
答案:crowds
答案:attempts
答案:failure
翻译句子：
答案:Man has been attempting to explore space and has made great advances.
答案:Yesterday’s news brought school bus safety into focus.
答案:Although his efforts ended (up) in failure,he wouldn’t lose heart.
答案:It is up to you to organize next week’s English speech contest.
答案:Our class has held various kinds of sports activities,building up our body.
答案:Great changes have taken place in my hometown.It is no longer what it used to be.
参考范文:
A surprising number of people have been going on the great adventure of climbing Qomolangma,regardless of high expense,discomfort and danger.It seems that there are many good reasons for this.Some people can get joy and enjoyment from the challenge.For some others,it is a journey to seek the true meaning of life.There comes a scientific reason that risk-taking may be part of human nature,with those with “Type T” personalities more likely to take risks.It should also be noted that there is some link between our desire to seek risks and the benefit from the result.So it is up to you to judge whether the benefits are worth the risks.