外研版（2019）必修三Unit 6-Disaster and hope单元核心考点解析&随堂专练学案（含答案）-Section A
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Unit 6-Disaster and hope
单元核心考点解析&随堂专练-Section A
【词汇解析】
average adj.平均的;普通的;正(平)常的
【课文原句】
The average high temperature in July is only 22 degrees,so over 30 is not usual for London.
7月份的高温平均气温只有22度,因此伦敦的气温通常不会超过30度。
【词汇精讲】
average在该句子中为形容词,表示“平均的”。
它还有名词的词性,表示“平均数;平均水平;一般水准”;
还可以作动词,表示“平均为;计算出……的平均数”。
Last year was the warmest year on record,with global temperature 0.68 ℃ above the average.
去年是有记录以来最热的一年,比全球平均气温高了0.68摄氏度。
【词汇拓展】
an average of 平均有
on (the) average 平均起来
above average 在平均水平以上
below average 在平均水平以下
up to average达到平均水平
average out 算出平均数
Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200,000,an average of 40,000 per year.
去年毕业时就有驾照的学生数量已达到二十万,平均每年四万。
On average,there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year,causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries.
美国平均每年有800场龙卷风,导致约80人死亡,1 500人受伤。
cause n.原因,起因;理由,缘故 v.导致,使发生
【课文原句】
What’s more,heavy rain in Eastern Europe has caused landslides and the heat across Southern Europe has caused forest fires.
此外,东欧的大雨导致了山体滑坡,整个南欧的高温导致了森林火灾。
【词汇精讲】
cause在该句子中为动词,表示“导致,使发生”,相当于lead to。
同时,cause还可用作名词,表示“……的原因”。
Joe’s absence from school was caused by illness.
因为生病,乔没有上学。
【词汇拓展】
cause sb sth给某人造成某种结果
cause sb/sth to do sth导致某人做某事;引起某物……
cause damage/loss to 对……造成损失、损坏
the cause of...……的原因
cause and effect 因果
The poor harvest caused prices to rise sharply.
收成不好导致价格急剧上涨。
Drunk driving is one of the most common causes of traffic accidents.
酒后驾驶是交通事故最普遍的原因之一。
compare v. 比较;匹敌;比喻;相比 n.比较
【课文原句】
This,however,is nothing compared to the train.
然而,这与火车比起来不算什么。
【词汇精讲】
compare为动词,在该句子中表示“比较,相比”。
Don’t compare your strength with others’ weakness,which is meaningless.
不要拿自己的长处和别人的短处做比较,这是没有意义的。
【词汇拓展】
compare ...with ...把……和……相比较
compare ...to ...把……比作……
compared to/with ...和……相比(通常作状语)
beyond/without compare无与伦比,举世无双
comparison n.比较;对照;比喻
in comparison with与……相比
A teacher is often compared to a candle.That’s because their devotion to work is beyond/without compare.
老师常被比作蜡烛。那是因为他们对工作的投入是无与伦比的。
Compared to your contributions， ours count for little.
与你们的贡献比较起来,我们的算不了什么。
immediately adv.即刻,马上
【课文原句】
I’ll join a beginner’s swimming class immediately.
我马上就要参加一个游泳初学者班。
【词汇精讲】
在该句子中immediately为副词,修饰动词join,表示“立即,马上”。
同时immediately还可以用作连词,意为“一……就”,引导时间状语从句。
The telephone rang,and he answered it immediately.
电话铃响了,他马上去接。
【词汇拓展】
immediate adj.立即的;直接的
As far as I can see,immediate action should be taken.
依我看,必须立即采取措施。
【名师点津】
immediately 表示“一……就……”,相当于directly,instantly和as soon as,在它们所引导的时间状语从句中,常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
Immediately you begin to speak,he gives you his full attention.
你只要一开始说话,他就会全神贯注地听。
occur v. 发生
【课文原句】
Experts say this bad weather has occurred due to climate change.
专家说由于气候变化,这种糟糕的天气已经发生了。
【词汇精讲】
occur为不及物动词,表示“发生”。
occur的过去式和过去分词形式要双写最后一个辅音字母,即occurred。
A good idea occurred to me when I woke up this morning.
今天早上醒来我突然想到一个好主意。
【词汇拓展】
sth occurs to sb某人突然想起某事
It occurs to/strikes/hits sb that ...某人突然想起……
It occurs to sb to do sth某人突然想起做某事
It suddenly occurred to me that while we tried to teach our children all about life,they actually taught us what life was all about.
我突然想起,当我们试图教我们的孩子们关于生活的一切时,他们实际上却教会了我们什么是生活的全部。
The possibility that she might be wrong never even occurred to her.
她根本没有想到她可能会错。
【名师点津】
表达“发生”时,occur与happen可以互换;
另外occur,happen,take place,break out,come about等表示“发生”的短语都不能用于被动语态以及进行时态。
pick up 拿起;卷起;掀起
【课文原句】
Picking up a free newspaper at the Tube station,I see the title “Hot! Hot! Hot”.
我在地铁站捡到一份免费报纸, 看到标题是“热!热!热”。
【词汇精讲】
pick up在该句子中表示“拿起”,同时,它还有“拾起;接收(信号);(偶然)学会;整理;接载;情况好转”等含义。
He picked up some French words while living with a Frenchman.
他和一个法国人住在一起时学会了一些法语单词。
The school bus picks up the children three times every day.
校车每天接送孩子们三次。
The equipment picked up the signal from the satellite.
设备接收到卫星发出的信号。
【词汇拓展】
pick oneself up 跌倒后站起来
pick up speed加速
pick on挑剔;捉弄;选中
pick off摘下
pick out挑选;辨认出
【句式解析】
Looking through my newspaper,I’m shocked by photos showing that a hurricane in Asia has destroyed a town.
我浏览报纸时被一些照片所震惊,照片上显示亚洲的一场飓风已经毁坏了一座城镇。
【句式剖析】
looking through my newspaper 为动词-ing形式作伴随状语,showing 为动词-ing形式作photos 的后置定语。
The film will be shown this Sunday afternoon,lasting 2 hours,from 4:00 to 6:00.
这部影片将在本周日下午放映,持续两个小时,从4:00到6:00。
The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment,allowing more patients to be treated.
近期这个医院得到了新的医疗设备,使得更多的病人得到治疗。
【句式拓展】
(1)动词-ing形式(短语)作状语可以表示时间、原因、结果、方式或伴随情况等,可相当于一个状语从句。
Finding the course very difficult,she decided to move to a lower level.=As/Because she found the course very difficult,she decided to move to a lower level.
发现这门课很难,她决定调低一级。
(2)动词-ing形式(短语)作状语,含有一般式(doing),完成式(having done)以及完成被动式(having been done)。如果表示否定,not放在动词-ing形式前面。
I sat at the back,never daring to speak.
我坐在后面,从不敢吭声。
Having written down our names and addresses,the policeman let us go.
那警察把我们的姓名和地址记下之后就让我们走了。
【名师点津】
判断用动词-ing形式还是过去分词作状语的关键是要分清其与逻辑主语之间的关系,是主动还是被动,其次就是分清楚其动作和谓语动词动作的先后关系。
【随堂专练】
**单词拼写
1.The earthquake was one of the worst natural d the country has ever suffered.?
2.Observe carefully if any change o when doing experiments in the lab.?
3.The supplies were sent to the local people i the earthquake happened.?
4.He witnessed a volcanic (爆发) .?
5.We had dinner at a pizza place that had been destroyed by the (飓风) .?
6.The minister made the (通告) at a news conference.?
7.Heat the glass (管子) to the point that it can bend.?
8.Here you are ten copies of the newspaper, (外加) three dictionaries.?
**翻译句子
1.虽然广告有很大的帮助,但我认为我们不应该完全依赖它们。(rely on)
2.我的父母想让我和他们一起去机场接他。(pick sb up)
3.当我回到家,我突然想到我把书忘在了教室。(it occurred to sb that)
4.与西方相比,东方人更注重家庭。(compare)
5.毫无疑问,作为一位中国人,我熟悉我的国家。(there is no doubt that)
**概要写作
根据P62-P63课文内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
参考答案：
单句填词：
答案:disasters
答案:occurs
答案:immediately
答案:eruption
答案:hurricane
答案:announcement
答案:tube
答案:plus
翻译句子：
答案:Although advertisements are of great help,I don’t think we should entirely rely on them.
答案:My parents want me to go to the airport with them to pick him up.
答案:When I got home,it occurred to me that I had left my book in the classroom.
答案:Compared to/with the West,people in the East place more importance on family.
答案:As a Chinese,there is no doubt that I am familiar with my country.
参考范文:
I learn that the temperature in London is expected to reach 30 plus degrees,which is not usual for London.(要点1)I hope I can make it to Bank station quickly to avoid the sick by thinking about work.(要点2)Then I make some plans for the future,even thinking about moving to space.(要点3)On stepping out of the station with a heavy heart,I suddenly feel a fresh wind on my face.Now I realised that I have been worrying too much.(要点4)
单元核心考点解析&随堂专练-Section A
【词汇解析】
average adj.平均的;普通的;正(平)常的
【课文原句】
The average high temperature in July is only 22 degrees,so over 30 is not usual for London.
7月份的高温平均气温只有22度,因此伦敦的气温通常不会超过30度。
【词汇精讲】
average在该句子中为形容词,表示“平均的”。
它还有名词的词性,表示“平均数;平均水平;一般水准”;
还可以作动词,表示“平均为;计算出……的平均数”。
Last year was the warmest year on record,with global temperature 0.68 ℃ above the average.
去年是有记录以来最热的一年,比全球平均气温高了0.68摄氏度。
【词汇拓展】
an average of 平均有
on (the) average 平均起来
above average 在平均水平以上
below average 在平均水平以下
up to average达到平均水平
average out 算出平均数
Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200,000,an average of 40,000 per year.
去年毕业时就有驾照的学生数量已达到二十万,平均每年四万。
On average,there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year,causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries.
美国平均每年有800场龙卷风,导致约80人死亡,1 500人受伤。
cause n.原因,起因;理由,缘故 v.导致,使发生
【课文原句】
What’s more,heavy rain in Eastern Europe has caused landslides and the heat across Southern Europe has caused forest fires.
此外,东欧的大雨导致了山体滑坡,整个南欧的高温导致了森林火灾。
【词汇精讲】
cause在该句子中为动词,表示“导致,使发生”,相当于lead to。
同时,cause还可用作名词,表示“……的原因”。
Joe’s absence from school was caused by illness.
因为生病,乔没有上学。
【词汇拓展】
cause sb sth给某人造成某种结果
cause sb/sth to do sth导致某人做某事;引起某物……
cause damage/loss to 对……造成损失、损坏
the cause of...……的原因
cause and effect 因果
The poor harvest caused prices to rise sharply.
收成不好导致价格急剧上涨。
Drunk driving is one of the most common causes of traffic accidents.
酒后驾驶是交通事故最普遍的原因之一。
compare v. 比较;匹敌;比喻;相比 n.比较
【课文原句】
This,however,is nothing compared to the train.
然而,这与火车比起来不算什么。
【词汇精讲】
compare为动词,在该句子中表示“比较,相比”。
Don’t compare your strength with others’ weakness,which is meaningless.
不要拿自己的长处和别人的短处做比较,这是没有意义的。
【词汇拓展】
compare ...with ...把……和……相比较
compare ...to ...把……比作……
compared to/with ...和……相比(通常作状语)
beyond/without compare无与伦比,举世无双
comparison n.比较;对照;比喻
in comparison with与……相比
A teacher is often compared to a candle.That’s because their devotion to work is beyond/without compare.
老师常被比作蜡烛。那是因为他们对工作的投入是无与伦比的。
Compared to your contributions， ours count for little.
与你们的贡献比较起来,我们的算不了什么。
immediately adv.即刻,马上
【课文原句】
I’ll join a beginner’s swimming class immediately.
我马上就要参加一个游泳初学者班。
【词汇精讲】
在该句子中immediately为副词,修饰动词join,表示“立即,马上”。
同时immediately还可以用作连词,意为“一……就”,引导时间状语从句。
The telephone rang,and he answered it immediately.
电话铃响了,他马上去接。
【词汇拓展】
immediate adj.立即的;直接的
As far as I can see,immediate action should be taken.
依我看,必须立即采取措施。
【名师点津】
immediately 表示“一……就……”,相当于directly,instantly和as soon as,在它们所引导的时间状语从句中,常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
Immediately you begin to speak,he gives you his full attention.
你只要一开始说话,他就会全神贯注地听。
occur v. 发生
【课文原句】
Experts say this bad weather has occurred due to climate change.
专家说由于气候变化,这种糟糕的天气已经发生了。
【词汇精讲】
occur为不及物动词,表示“发生”。
occur的过去式和过去分词形式要双写最后一个辅音字母,即occurred。
A good idea occurred to me when I woke up this morning.
今天早上醒来我突然想到一个好主意。
【词汇拓展】
sth occurs to sb某人突然想起某事
It occurs to/strikes/hits sb that ...某人突然想起……
It occurs to sb to do sth某人突然想起做某事
It suddenly occurred to me that while we tried to teach our children all about life,they actually taught us what life was all about.
我突然想起,当我们试图教我们的孩子们关于生活的一切时,他们实际上却教会了我们什么是生活的全部。
The possibility that she might be wrong never even occurred to her.
她根本没有想到她可能会错。
【名师点津】
表达“发生”时,occur与happen可以互换;
另外occur,happen,take place,break out,come about等表示“发生”的短语都不能用于被动语态以及进行时态。
pick up 拿起;卷起;掀起
【课文原句】
Picking up a free newspaper at the Tube station,I see the title “Hot! Hot! Hot”.
我在地铁站捡到一份免费报纸, 看到标题是“热!热!热”。
【词汇精讲】
pick up在该句子中表示“拿起”,同时,它还有“拾起;接收(信号);(偶然)学会;整理;接载;情况好转”等含义。
He picked up some French words while living with a Frenchman.
他和一个法国人住在一起时学会了一些法语单词。
The school bus picks up the children three times every day.
校车每天接送孩子们三次。
The equipment picked up the signal from the satellite.
设备接收到卫星发出的信号。
【词汇拓展】
pick oneself up 跌倒后站起来
pick up speed加速
pick on挑剔;捉弄;选中
pick off摘下
pick out挑选;辨认出
【句式解析】
Looking through my newspaper,I’m shocked by photos showing that a hurricane in Asia has destroyed a town.
我浏览报纸时被一些照片所震惊,照片上显示亚洲的一场飓风已经毁坏了一座城镇。
【句式剖析】
looking through my newspaper 为动词-ing形式作伴随状语,showing 为动词-ing形式作photos 的后置定语。
The film will be shown this Sunday afternoon,lasting 2 hours,from 4:00 to 6:00.
这部影片将在本周日下午放映,持续两个小时,从4:00到6:00。
The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment,allowing more patients to be treated.
近期这个医院得到了新的医疗设备,使得更多的病人得到治疗。
【句式拓展】
(1)动词-ing形式(短语)作状语可以表示时间、原因、结果、方式或伴随情况等,可相当于一个状语从句。
Finding the course very difficult,she decided to move to a lower level.=As/Because she found the course very difficult,she decided to move to a lower level.
发现这门课很难,她决定调低一级。
(2)动词-ing形式(短语)作状语,含有一般式(doing),完成式(having done)以及完成被动式(having been done)。如果表示否定,not放在动词-ing形式前面。
I sat at the back,never daring to speak.
我坐在后面,从不敢吭声。
Having written down our names and addresses,the policeman let us go.
那警察把我们的姓名和地址记下之后就让我们走了。
【名师点津】
判断用动词-ing形式还是过去分词作状语的关键是要分清其与逻辑主语之间的关系,是主动还是被动,其次就是分清楚其动作和谓语动词动作的先后关系。
【随堂专练】
**单词拼写
1.The earthquake was one of the worst natural d the country has ever suffered.?
2.Observe carefully if any change o when doing experiments in the lab.?
3.The supplies were sent to the local people i the earthquake happened.?
4.He witnessed a volcanic (爆发) .?
5.We had dinner at a pizza place that had been destroyed by the (飓风) .?
6.The minister made the (通告) at a news conference.?
7.Heat the glass (管子) to the point that it can bend.?
8.Here you are ten copies of the newspaper, (外加) three dictionaries.?
**翻译句子
1.虽然广告有很大的帮助,但我认为我们不应该完全依赖它们。(rely on)
2.我的父母想让我和他们一起去机场接他。(pick sb up)
3.当我回到家,我突然想到我把书忘在了教室。(it occurred to sb that)
4.与西方相比,东方人更注重家庭。(compare)
5.毫无疑问,作为一位中国人,我熟悉我的国家。(there is no doubt that)
**概要写作
根据P62-P63课文内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
参考答案：
单句填词：
答案:disasters
答案:occurs
答案:immediately
答案:eruption
答案:hurricane
答案:announcement
答案:tube
答案:plus
翻译句子：
答案:Although advertisements are of great help,I don’t think we should entirely rely on them.
答案:My parents want me to go to the airport with them to pick him up.
答案:When I got home,it occurred to me that I had left my book in the classroom.
答案:Compared to/with the West,people in the East place more importance on family.
答案:As a Chinese,there is no doubt that I am familiar with my country.
参考范文:
I learn that the temperature in London is expected to reach 30 plus degrees,which is not usual for London.(要点1)I hope I can make it to Bank station quickly to avoid the sick by thinking about work.(要点2)Then I make some plans for the future,even thinking about moving to space.(要点3)On stepping out of the station with a heavy heart,I suddenly feel a fresh wind on my face.Now I realised that I have been worrying too much.(要点4)