外研版（2019）必修三Unit 2-Making a difference单元核心考点解析&随堂专练学案（含答案）-Section A
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）必修三Unit 2-Making a difference单元核心考点解析&随堂专练学案（含答案）-Section A |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2021-06-01 11:11:31 | ||
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Unit 2-Making a difference
单元核心考点解析&随堂专练-Section A
【词汇解析】
break into a smile 突然笑起来
【课文原句】
He broke into a joyful smile.
他突然开心地笑了。
【词汇精讲】
break into a smile 是不及物动词短语,没有被动语态。
相当于burst into laughter或burst out laughing。
We watched her puzzled face break gently into a smile.
我们看见她原先迷惑的脸上轻轻绽放出了笑容。
【词汇拓展】
break one’s word/promise违背诺言;食言
break up打碎;拆散;结束;分裂(解体);散开
break down出故障;失败;垮掉
break in强行进入;打断
break into强行闯入;突然开始(笑、唱等)
break off断开;使折断;中断
break out突然开始;爆发
break away (from sb/sth)逃脱;脱离;背叛(某人/某物)
break through取得突破;取得新的重大发现
On my way to the train station my car broke down.
在去火车站的路上,我的车坏了。
The policeman came running and broke up the crowd.
那个警察跑过来,驱散了人群。
contribution n.贡献
【课文原句】
he contribution these people made to society
这些人对社会作的贡献
【词汇精讲】
contribution 是名词,意为“捐献;贡献”。
还有 “投稿”的意思,为可数名词,经常用复数形式。
Participating in the contest will be a golden chance for me to show my dancing skills and make some contributions to the class.
参加比赛对我来说是一次难得的展示我舞蹈才能的好机会,并能对班级作出贡献。
All contributions for the May issue must be received by Friday.
所有要在五月这一期发表的稿件必须在星期五以前寄到。
【词汇拓展】
contribute vt.& vi.捐款;贡献;捐助;导致;投稿
contributor n. 贡献者;捐助者;投稿者
contribute sth to...把某物捐献给……
contribute to为……作出贡献;有助于;导致
make a contribution/contributions to为……作出贡献
Everyone is willing to contribute food and clothes to the homeless people.
每个人都愿意为无家可归的人捐献食物和衣服。
The film will greatly help us students know the school’s history better and appeal to us to make contributions to our school’s development.
这部电影将会极大地帮助我们学生更好地了解学校的历史,呼吁我们为学校的发展作贡献。
donate v.捐赠,捐献
【课文原句】
He started to ask for help from his classmates and neighbours and persuaded them to donate money.他开始向他的同学以及邻居寻求帮助,并说服他们捐钱。
【词汇精讲】
donate 是及物动词,意为“捐赠,捐献”。
donation 是其名词形式,意为“捐赠物;捐赠;赠送”。
donator也是名词,意为“捐赠者;捐款人”。
The government calls on/upon the youth to donate their blood voluntarily.
政府号召年轻人无偿献血。
Employees make regular donations to the charity.
员工定期向慈善机构捐赠。
This will make him the biggest donator to the charity in US history.
这将使他成为美国历史上给慈善机构捐钱的最大捐赠者。
【词汇拓展】
donate sth to...把某物捐献给……
make a donation to 向……捐赠
He always donates money to a poor village school,which makes a difference to the children there.
他总是给一个贫困农村学校捐钱,这对那里的孩子产生了很大影响。
You can make a donation to a charity in someone else’s name.
你可以用别人的名字给慈善机构捐赠。
earn v.挣(钱)
【课文原句】
At first,his plan was to earn money to build a single well somewhere in Africa.
起初,他的计划是挣钱在非洲的某个地方建一口水井。
【词汇精讲】
earn 是及物动词,意为“挣得”,还可以表示“获得”,由于某种效果或行动而所得的或应该得到。
She earned a reputation as a hard worker.
勤劳的工作使她赢得了口碑。
We buy everything abroad with the money earned from oil imports.
我们用进口石油赚到的钱从国外购买一切商品。
What do you suppose we should do to earn respect from others?
你认为我们应该做什么以赢得他人的尊重呢?
【词汇拓展】
earnings n. 所得,收入,工资
earn/make money 挣钱
earn one’s living=make a living谋生
Jobs earned his living by selling computers when he was 19 years old.
当乔布斯19岁时,他靠卖电脑谋生。
He was satisfied with his earnings as an accountant.
他对自己会计师的收入很满意。
effective adj.有效的,产生预期效果的
【课文原句】
Now tick the solutions that you think are most effective to supply Africa with fresh water.
现在在你认为最有效的给非洲提供淡水的解决方法下打对勾。
【词汇精讲】
effective 是形容词,意为“有效的,产生预期效果的”。
We must pay attention to these problems and continue to take effective measures to solve them.
我们必须关注这些问题,并且继续采取有效措施解决它们。
【词汇拓展】
effect n.影响;效果 affect vt.影响
have an effect/influence on/upon对……产生影响
come/go into effect生效
bring/carry/put...into effect实施;使……生效/起作用
side effect副作用
An unhappy childhood may have some negative effects on a person’s character.
一个不幸的童年可能对一个人的性格有负面的影响。
The new law will come into effect next month.
新的法律下个月生效。
To carry the policy into effect,a large sum of money was urgently needed.
要使新政策生效,急需要大量金钱。
relief n. 减轻,缓解,宽慰,轻松
【课文原句】
The amount of relief and comfort experienced by the sick after the skin has been carefully washed and dried,is one of the commonest observations made at a sick bed.
病人在皮肤被仔细清洗和擦干后所体验到的舒适和安慰是临床最常观察到的现象。
【词汇精讲】
relief 是不可数名词,意为“减轻,缓解,宽慰,轻松”,还意为“减轻痛苦的事物,救援物品”。
No one was hurt,and we all breathed a sigh of relief.
没有人受伤,我们都松了一口气。
This kind of medicine can provide pain relief for some cancer patients.
这种药,可以使一些癌症病人减轻疼痛。
Relief was quickly sent to the sufferers from the great fire.
救济品很快被送到遭受严重火灾的灾民手中。
【词汇拓展】
in/with relief 如释重负
to one’s relief 使人宽慰的是
relieve vt.减轻;缓和
relieve sb of sth 解除某人的(负担、痛苦等)
Much to the mother’s relief,her son was eventually admitted to a key university.
使这个母亲非常欣慰的是,她儿子最终被一所重点大学录取了。
Knowing that he passed the driving test,the man sighed in relief.
知道自己通过了驾照考试,这个男人如释重负地叹了口气。
【句式解析】
...Ryan says that the question to ask is not “Why don’t I help?”,but “How can I help today?”
……Ryan说他想问的不是“我为什么没有帮忙”,而是“今天我能怎样帮忙?”。
【句式剖析】
此处not...but...连接两个结构相似、功能相同的句子成分。
这种结构否定but前的内容,肯定but后的内容。
What makes his parents worried is not his grades but that he hasn’t any interest in learning.
让他父母担心的不是他的成绩而是他对学习不感兴趣。
The gift you give is not something your loved one keeps but a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people who really need it.
你送的礼物不是给你所爱的人留念的,而是给那些的确有需要的人的一项生活上的无偿捐助。
【句式拓展】
not...but...连接主语时,谓语动词遵循就近一致原则。
类似用法的有:
neither...nor...既不……也不……;
either...or...不是……就是……;
not only...but also...不仅……而且……;
there be句型。
Not you but she is wanted on the telephone.
电话里找的是她而不是你。
Not only the nurses but also the doctor is very kind to the patients.
护士和医生都对病人非常和蔼。
What they needed was a well dug near their homes.
他们所需要的是在他们家附近挖的一口水井。
【句式剖析】
此处what引导主语从句,在从句中作主语;dug是过去分词作后置定语,表示被动。
What amazed me most was that he won first prize in the English speech contest.
最让我惊讶的是他在这次英语演讲比赛中得了一等奖。
【句式拓展】
what可以引导名词性从句,包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句,在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语。what可以翻译为“什么,所……的”。
You had better hear what I have to say.
你最好听听我的意见。
I had no idea what was going on in the classroom.
我不知道教室里当时发生了什么事。
He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago.
他已经成为他10年前想成为的样子。
【名师点津】
注意名词性从句中what和that的区别。
what在从句中充当成分,有意义。
that在从句中不作成分,无意义,引导宾语从句时可以省略。
I truly believe that beauty comes from within.
我确信美丽源自内在。
Pick yourself up.Courage is doing what you’re afraid to do.
振作起来。勇敢就是做你害怕做的事情。
And why is the water so dirty that it makes them sick?
为什么那里的水那么脏以至于让他们生病呢?
【句式剖析】
so...that...引导结果状语从句,意为“如此……以至于……”。
I was so nervous that I couldn’t tell which direction was left.
我如此紧张,以至于分不清哪边是左。
【句式拓展】
(1)so...that...句型的常见形式:
so+adj./adv.+that...
so+adj.+不定冠词+单数可数名词+that...
so+many/few/much/little+n.+that...
There are so many spelling mistakes in your composition that I can’t understand what you are writing about.
你的作文中有如此多的拼写错误,以至于我不能理解你在写什么。
Dalian is so attractive a city that many tourists visit it every year.
大连是一个如此吸引人的城市以至于每年都有很多游客来观光旅游。
(2)such...that...句型的基本结构:
such+不定冠词+adj.+单数可数名词+that...
such+adj.+复数可数名词/不可数名词+that...
Dalian is such an attractive place that lots of tourists visit it every year.
大连是一个如此吸引人的地方以至于每年都有很多游客来观光旅游。
It was such good weather that we decided to go for a walk.
天气如此好,以至于我们决定去散步。
【名师点津】
当so/such+修饰部分放在句首时,主句要用部分倒装。
So desperate was he that he stopped trying and waited for help.
他是如此绝望以至于他停止尝试,等待救援。
【随堂专练】
**单词拼写
1.They may want to know what (贡献) I can make to the company.?
2.The cool room provided (减轻) from the terrible heat outdoors.?
3.We have taken (有效的)measures to preserve our natural resources.?
4.The airport is being privately (资助) by a construction group.?
5.Players should be allowed to (挣) money from advertising.?
6.It took (坚持不懈)to overcome his reading problems.?
**翻译句子
1.用我们的知识,我们可以为我们的国家做贡献。(make contributions to)
2.伟大的科学成就对我们的生活和社会产生了积极的影响。(have an effect on)
3.他如此精通英语口语,可以和外国人流利地交流。(such...that)
4.得知自己通过了考试,她开心地笑了。(break into a smile)
5.这位老人把自己挣的大部分钱都捐给了慈善机构。(donate)
**概要写作
根据P14-P15 课文内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
参考答案：
单句填词：
答案:contributions
答案:relief
答案:effective
答案:funded
答案:earn
答案:perseverance
翻译句子：
答案:With the knowledge,we can make contributions to our country.
答案:Great scientific achievements have a positive effect on our life and society.
答案:He has such a good knowledge of oral English that he can communicate with foreigners fluently.
答案:Learning that she passed the test,she broke into a smile.
答案:The old man donated most of his money to the charity.
参考范文:
Ryan heard in many parts of Africa,there was no clean water.He decided to raise money for a well.He did extra chores for his parents and raised $70.Then he found out that it actually cost $2,000 to dig a well.By encouraging more people to help,he reached his target finally.His experience encouraged more people to help.Today over 800,000 people have benefited from the gift of clean water.It was his courage and perseverance that made his dream a reality.
单元核心考点解析&随堂专练-Section A
【词汇解析】
break into a smile 突然笑起来
【课文原句】
He broke into a joyful smile.
他突然开心地笑了。
【词汇精讲】
break into a smile 是不及物动词短语,没有被动语态。
相当于burst into laughter或burst out laughing。
We watched her puzzled face break gently into a smile.
我们看见她原先迷惑的脸上轻轻绽放出了笑容。
【词汇拓展】
break one’s word/promise违背诺言;食言
break up打碎;拆散;结束;分裂(解体);散开
break down出故障;失败;垮掉
break in强行进入;打断
break into强行闯入;突然开始(笑、唱等)
break off断开;使折断;中断
break out突然开始;爆发
break away (from sb/sth)逃脱;脱离;背叛(某人/某物)
break through取得突破;取得新的重大发现
On my way to the train station my car broke down.
在去火车站的路上,我的车坏了。
The policeman came running and broke up the crowd.
那个警察跑过来,驱散了人群。
contribution n.贡献
【课文原句】
he contribution these people made to society
这些人对社会作的贡献
【词汇精讲】
contribution 是名词,意为“捐献;贡献”。
还有 “投稿”的意思,为可数名词,经常用复数形式。
Participating in the contest will be a golden chance for me to show my dancing skills and make some contributions to the class.
参加比赛对我来说是一次难得的展示我舞蹈才能的好机会,并能对班级作出贡献。
All contributions for the May issue must be received by Friday.
所有要在五月这一期发表的稿件必须在星期五以前寄到。
【词汇拓展】
contribute vt.& vi.捐款;贡献;捐助;导致;投稿
contributor n. 贡献者;捐助者;投稿者
contribute sth to...把某物捐献给……
contribute to为……作出贡献;有助于;导致
make a contribution/contributions to为……作出贡献
Everyone is willing to contribute food and clothes to the homeless people.
每个人都愿意为无家可归的人捐献食物和衣服。
The film will greatly help us students know the school’s history better and appeal to us to make contributions to our school’s development.
这部电影将会极大地帮助我们学生更好地了解学校的历史,呼吁我们为学校的发展作贡献。
donate v.捐赠,捐献
【课文原句】
He started to ask for help from his classmates and neighbours and persuaded them to donate money.他开始向他的同学以及邻居寻求帮助,并说服他们捐钱。
【词汇精讲】
donate 是及物动词,意为“捐赠,捐献”。
donation 是其名词形式,意为“捐赠物;捐赠;赠送”。
donator也是名词,意为“捐赠者;捐款人”。
The government calls on/upon the youth to donate their blood voluntarily.
政府号召年轻人无偿献血。
Employees make regular donations to the charity.
员工定期向慈善机构捐赠。
This will make him the biggest donator to the charity in US history.
这将使他成为美国历史上给慈善机构捐钱的最大捐赠者。
【词汇拓展】
donate sth to...把某物捐献给……
make a donation to 向……捐赠
He always donates money to a poor village school,which makes a difference to the children there.
他总是给一个贫困农村学校捐钱,这对那里的孩子产生了很大影响。
You can make a donation to a charity in someone else’s name.
你可以用别人的名字给慈善机构捐赠。
earn v.挣(钱)
【课文原句】
At first,his plan was to earn money to build a single well somewhere in Africa.
起初,他的计划是挣钱在非洲的某个地方建一口水井。
【词汇精讲】
earn 是及物动词,意为“挣得”,还可以表示“获得”,由于某种效果或行动而所得的或应该得到。
She earned a reputation as a hard worker.
勤劳的工作使她赢得了口碑。
We buy everything abroad with the money earned from oil imports.
我们用进口石油赚到的钱从国外购买一切商品。
What do you suppose we should do to earn respect from others?
你认为我们应该做什么以赢得他人的尊重呢?
【词汇拓展】
earnings n. 所得,收入,工资
earn/make money 挣钱
earn one’s living=make a living谋生
Jobs earned his living by selling computers when he was 19 years old.
当乔布斯19岁时,他靠卖电脑谋生。
He was satisfied with his earnings as an accountant.
他对自己会计师的收入很满意。
effective adj.有效的,产生预期效果的
【课文原句】
Now tick the solutions that you think are most effective to supply Africa with fresh water.
现在在你认为最有效的给非洲提供淡水的解决方法下打对勾。
【词汇精讲】
effective 是形容词,意为“有效的,产生预期效果的”。
We must pay attention to these problems and continue to take effective measures to solve them.
我们必须关注这些问题,并且继续采取有效措施解决它们。
【词汇拓展】
effect n.影响;效果 affect vt.影响
have an effect/influence on/upon对……产生影响
come/go into effect生效
bring/carry/put...into effect实施;使……生效/起作用
side effect副作用
An unhappy childhood may have some negative effects on a person’s character.
一个不幸的童年可能对一个人的性格有负面的影响。
The new law will come into effect next month.
新的法律下个月生效。
To carry the policy into effect,a large sum of money was urgently needed.
要使新政策生效,急需要大量金钱。
relief n. 减轻,缓解,宽慰,轻松
【课文原句】
The amount of relief and comfort experienced by the sick after the skin has been carefully washed and dried,is one of the commonest observations made at a sick bed.
病人在皮肤被仔细清洗和擦干后所体验到的舒适和安慰是临床最常观察到的现象。
【词汇精讲】
relief 是不可数名词,意为“减轻,缓解,宽慰,轻松”,还意为“减轻痛苦的事物,救援物品”。
No one was hurt,and we all breathed a sigh of relief.
没有人受伤,我们都松了一口气。
This kind of medicine can provide pain relief for some cancer patients.
这种药,可以使一些癌症病人减轻疼痛。
Relief was quickly sent to the sufferers from the great fire.
救济品很快被送到遭受严重火灾的灾民手中。
【词汇拓展】
in/with relief 如释重负
to one’s relief 使人宽慰的是
relieve vt.减轻;缓和
relieve sb of sth 解除某人的(负担、痛苦等)
Much to the mother’s relief,her son was eventually admitted to a key university.
使这个母亲非常欣慰的是,她儿子最终被一所重点大学录取了。
Knowing that he passed the driving test,the man sighed in relief.
知道自己通过了驾照考试,这个男人如释重负地叹了口气。
【句式解析】
...Ryan says that the question to ask is not “Why don’t I help?”,but “How can I help today?”
……Ryan说他想问的不是“我为什么没有帮忙”,而是“今天我能怎样帮忙?”。
【句式剖析】
此处not...but...连接两个结构相似、功能相同的句子成分。
这种结构否定but前的内容,肯定but后的内容。
What makes his parents worried is not his grades but that he hasn’t any interest in learning.
让他父母担心的不是他的成绩而是他对学习不感兴趣。
The gift you give is not something your loved one keeps but a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people who really need it.
你送的礼物不是给你所爱的人留念的,而是给那些的确有需要的人的一项生活上的无偿捐助。
【句式拓展】
not...but...连接主语时,谓语动词遵循就近一致原则。
类似用法的有:
neither...nor...既不……也不……;
either...or...不是……就是……;
not only...but also...不仅……而且……;
there be句型。
Not you but she is wanted on the telephone.
电话里找的是她而不是你。
Not only the nurses but also the doctor is very kind to the patients.
护士和医生都对病人非常和蔼。
What they needed was a well dug near their homes.
他们所需要的是在他们家附近挖的一口水井。
【句式剖析】
此处what引导主语从句,在从句中作主语;dug是过去分词作后置定语,表示被动。
What amazed me most was that he won first prize in the English speech contest.
最让我惊讶的是他在这次英语演讲比赛中得了一等奖。
【句式拓展】
what可以引导名词性从句,包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句,在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语。what可以翻译为“什么,所……的”。
You had better hear what I have to say.
你最好听听我的意见。
I had no idea what was going on in the classroom.
我不知道教室里当时发生了什么事。
He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago.
他已经成为他10年前想成为的样子。
【名师点津】
注意名词性从句中what和that的区别。
what在从句中充当成分,有意义。
that在从句中不作成分,无意义,引导宾语从句时可以省略。
I truly believe that beauty comes from within.
我确信美丽源自内在。
Pick yourself up.Courage is doing what you’re afraid to do.
振作起来。勇敢就是做你害怕做的事情。
And why is the water so dirty that it makes them sick?
为什么那里的水那么脏以至于让他们生病呢?
【句式剖析】
so...that...引导结果状语从句,意为“如此……以至于……”。
I was so nervous that I couldn’t tell which direction was left.
我如此紧张,以至于分不清哪边是左。
【句式拓展】
(1)so...that...句型的常见形式:
so+adj./adv.+that...
so+adj.+不定冠词+单数可数名词+that...
so+many/few/much/little+n.+that...
There are so many spelling mistakes in your composition that I can’t understand what you are writing about.
你的作文中有如此多的拼写错误,以至于我不能理解你在写什么。
Dalian is so attractive a city that many tourists visit it every year.
大连是一个如此吸引人的城市以至于每年都有很多游客来观光旅游。
(2)such...that...句型的基本结构:
such+不定冠词+adj.+单数可数名词+that...
such+adj.+复数可数名词/不可数名词+that...
Dalian is such an attractive place that lots of tourists visit it every year.
大连是一个如此吸引人的地方以至于每年都有很多游客来观光旅游。
It was such good weather that we decided to go for a walk.
天气如此好,以至于我们决定去散步。
【名师点津】
当so/such+修饰部分放在句首时,主句要用部分倒装。
So desperate was he that he stopped trying and waited for help.
他是如此绝望以至于他停止尝试,等待救援。
【随堂专练】
**单词拼写
1.They may want to know what (贡献) I can make to the company.?
2.The cool room provided (减轻) from the terrible heat outdoors.?
3.We have taken (有效的)measures to preserve our natural resources.?
4.The airport is being privately (资助) by a construction group.?
5.Players should be allowed to (挣) money from advertising.?
6.It took (坚持不懈)to overcome his reading problems.?
**翻译句子
1.用我们的知识,我们可以为我们的国家做贡献。(make contributions to)
2.伟大的科学成就对我们的生活和社会产生了积极的影响。(have an effect on)
3.他如此精通英语口语,可以和外国人流利地交流。(such...that)
4.得知自己通过了考试,她开心地笑了。(break into a smile)
5.这位老人把自己挣的大部分钱都捐给了慈善机构。(donate)
**概要写作
根据P14-P15 课文内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
参考答案：
单句填词：
答案:contributions
答案:relief
答案:effective
答案:funded
答案:earn
答案:perseverance
翻译句子：
答案:With the knowledge,we can make contributions to our country.
答案:Great scientific achievements have a positive effect on our life and society.
答案:He has such a good knowledge of oral English that he can communicate with foreigners fluently.
答案:Learning that she passed the test,she broke into a smile.
答案:The old man donated most of his money to the charity.
参考范文:
Ryan heard in many parts of Africa,there was no clean water.He decided to raise money for a well.He did extra chores for his parents and raised $70.Then he found out that it actually cost $2,000 to dig a well.By encouraging more people to help,he reached his target finally.His experience encouraged more people to help.Today over 800,000 people have benefited from the gift of clean water.It was his courage and perseverance that made his dream a reality.