Unit
4 Body
Language
Learning
About
Language
动词-ing形式作宾语和表语
观察下面句子,
并写出画线部分在句中所作的成分。
1.
The
crucial
thing
is
using
body
language
in
a
way
that
is
appropriate
to
the
culture
you
are
in.
(表语)?
2.
However,
you
should
avoid
making
this
gesture.
(宾语)?
3.
A
good
way
of
saying
“I
am
full”
is
moving
your
hand
in
circles
over
your
stomach
after
a
meal.
(宾语;
表语)?
4.
Perhaps
the
best
example
is
smiling.
(表语)
5.
Experts
suggested
smiling
to
yourself
in
the
mirror
to
make
yourself
feel
happier
and
stronger.
(宾语)?
一、动词-ing形式作宾语
1.
作动词的宾语。一些及物动词之后只能接v.
-ing作宾语,
不能接不定式。这些常用动词有:
avoid,
miss,
delay/put
off避免错过少延期
advise,
finish,
practise建议完成多练习
enjoy,
imagine,
can’t
help喜欢想象禁不住
admit,
deny,
envy承认否定与嫉妒
escape,
risk,
excuse逃避冒险莫原谅
stand,
keep,
mind忍受保持不介意
此外,
feel
like,
devote
to,
be/get
used
to,
object
to,
set
about,
insist
on,
pay
attention
to,
stick
to,
be
busy(in),
have
difficulties/trouble(in)等动词短语后也接动名词作宾语。
I
avoided
mentioning
the
subject
in
case
he
should
be
offended.
我回避提及这个话题,
以免冒犯他。
下面短语后接v.
-ing形式,
因为to为介词。
be
used
to习惯于 devote
oneself
to献身于
get
down
to开始做 look
forward
to期待
stick
to坚持 lead
to导致
pay
attention
to注意
2.
以下及物动词后既可接不定式又可接v.
-ing作宾语,
但两者意义上有区别
(1)remember
to
do
sth.
记住要去做某事
remember
doing
sth.
记得过去曾经做过某事
I
remember
to
meet
her
at
the
station.
我记得要到车站见她。
I
remember
seeing
her
once
somewhere.
我记得曾在某个地方见过她。
(2)forget
to
do
sth.
忘记要去做某事
forget
doing
sth.
忘记了过去做过某事
I
forgot
to
tell
you
about
it.
Now
here
it
is.
我忘记把这事告诉你,
给你,
拿去吧。
I
forgot
giving
it
to
you
yesterday.
我忘记昨天已把它给你了。
(3)regret
doing
sth.
后悔做了某事
regret
to
do
sth.
很遗憾地去做某事
I
regret
not
working
hard.
我后悔没有努力工作。
I
regret
to
hear
of
your
sister’s
death.
我遗憾地听到你姐姐去世的消息。
(4)can’t
help
to
do
sth.
不能帮着去做某事
can’t
help
doing
sth.
禁不住做某事
I
can’t
help
to
clean
the
house
with
so
much
work
to
do.
有这么多的工作要做,
我不能帮你打扫房间了。
She
can’t
help
laughing
at
the
thought
of
the
joke
he
told
her.
一想到他告诉她的笑话,
她就忍不住笑了。
3.
用it
作形式宾语,
真正的宾语是v.
-ing形式。
其结构如下:
sb.
+动词+it
+adj.
+doing
常用动词有:
think,
consider,
find,
feel,
believe等
I
found
it
useless/no
use
crying
about
it.
我发现因为这件事哭泣没用。
Do
you
feel
it
difficult
trying
again?
再来一遍你觉得难吗?
(1)用所给动词的适当形式填空。
①(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
And
contrary
to
existing
research
that
says
you
should
avoid
eating
(eat)with
heavier
people
who
order
large
portions.
②(2020·天津高考)To
help
us
prepare
for
the
exam,
the
teacher
suggested
reading
(read)
through
our
notes.
(2)Would
you
mind
moving(move)
the
box
for
me?
(3)We
are
all
looking
forward
to
visiting(visit)
the
museum
soon.
(4)He
doesn’t
really
mean
to
work(work)
here,
which
means
leaving(leave)
the
job
soon
afterwards.
?
(5)The
deer
was
lucky
and
it
just
missed
being
caught(catch)
by
the
hunter.
?
二、动词-ing形式作表语
1.
v.
-ing形式作表语,
表示抽象的一般性的行为,
用来说明主语的内容,
与主语通常是同一概念,
表语和主语通常可以交换位置。
In
the
ant
city,
the
queen’s
job
is
laying
eggs.
=In
the
ant
city,
laying
eggs
is
the
queen’s
job.
在蚂蚁王国,
蚁后的工作是产卵。
2.
v.
-ing形式作表语,
可以表示主语的某种性质或特征,
这类词可以看作形容词。
The
film
being
shown
in
the
cinema
is
exciting.
正在电影院上演的电影很激动人心。
The
present
situation
is
inspiring.
当前的形势鼓舞人心。
(1)试判断下列句中动词-ing形式的类型。
A.
动名词 B.
现在分词
①My
hobby
is
collecting
stamps.
( A )
②What
you
said
is
really
inspiring.
( B )
③What
I
am
tired
of
is
waiting
here
alone.
( A )
(2)完成句子(对比理解)
①他的工作是粉刷墙。
His
job
is
painting
walls.
?
②他的工作是粉刷这面墙。
His
job
is
to
paint
the
wall.
?
根据提示阐述讲好中国故事、学好中国文化的重要性(尽量多地使用动词-ing
形式)
1.
传播中国传统文化已经成为一种流行趋势;
2.
许多外国人喜欢学中文;
3.
了解中国传统文化使他们能够更好地了解中国;
4.
作为一名中国的高中生,
讲好中国故事、学好中国文化是我们的责任;
5.
我们要让世界更好地了解中国。
____________________________________________________________________?
____________________________________________________________________?
【参考范文】
Spreading
Chinese
traditional
culture
has
become
a popular
trend.
Many
foreigners
enjoy
learning
Chinese.
Learning
Chinese
traditional
culture
enables
them
to
understand
China
better.
As
a
Chinese
high
school
student,
speaking
Chinese
stories
and
learning
Chinese
culture
well
should
be
our
responsibility.
We
should
let
the
world
know
China
better.
PAGEUnit
4 Body
Language
Reading
and
Thinking
词汇知识·自主学习
Ⅰ.
根据语境写出正确的单词
1.
interaction
with
other
people 与他人互动
2.
vary
from
culture
to
culture
因文化而异
3.
eye
contact
is
not
always
approved
of
目光接触并不总是被认可
4.
demonstrate
respect
表示尊重
5.
witness
another
person
nodding
当场看到另一个人点头
6.
employ
other
gestures
使用其他手势
7.
an
identical
gesture
相同的手势
8.
interpret
it
as
meaning
zero
把它解释为零
9.
kiss
sb.
on
the
cheek
吻在某人的脸颊上
10.
bow
from
the
waist
弯身弓腰鞠躬
11.
differ
around
the
world
世界各地都不一样
12.
a
reliable
guide
可信赖的向导
Ⅱ.
根据语境用恰当的介、副词填空
1.
By
comparison,
expenditure
on
education
increased
last
year.
2.
When
you
are
afraid,
you
may
look
down
shyly.
3.
In
autumn
and
spring,
by
contrast,
children
usually
grow
up
fast.
4.
What
he
wants
is
a
switch
to
a
market
economy
in
a
way
which
does
not
reduce
people’s
standard
of
living.
5.
As
a
result,
people
could
make
inferences
about
who
was
participating
in
the
virtual
conversation.
6.
Because
he
was
being
so
kind
and
concerned,
I
broke
down
and
cried.
7.
It
is
hard
to
see
how
people
will
get
through
this
winter.
8.
Apart
from
their
house
in
London,
they
also
have
a
villa
in
Spain.
Ⅲ.
根据课文及汉意提示补全句子
1.
In
other
countries,
by
contrast,
eye
contact
is
not
always
approved
of.
?
相反,
在另一些国家,
眼神交流并不总是被认可。
2.
In
France,
a
person
encountering
an
identical
gesture
may
interpret
it
as
meaning
zero.
?
在法国,
看到同一个手势的人可能会将其解读为“零”。
3.
Elsewhere,
people
favour
shaking
hands,
bowing
from
the
waist,
or
nodding
the
head
when
they
meet
someone
else.
?
在其他地区,
与别人见面时,
人们更喜欢握手、弯身弓腰鞠躬或点头。
根据给出的构词规则写出下列单词
1.
-able
常用于动词之后构成形容词,
表示“属于,
倾向性”等。
rely
v.
→reliable
adj.
可靠的;
可信赖的
move
v.
→movable adj.
可移动的
comfort
v.
→comfortable
adj.
安慰的
2.
“动词+down”构成的动词短语
break
down 消除;
分解;
打破
look
down 轻视;
朝下看
fall
down 摔倒,
跌倒
turn
down
拒绝(某人或其请求、提议等);
关小;
调低
阅读精析·合作学习
Task
1 框架宏观建构:
整体理解?
1.
Skim
the
passage
and
fill
in
the
blanks
2.
What
is
the
text
type
of
the
passage?
A.
Narration(记叙文)
B.
Argumentative
Essay(议论文)
C.
Expository
Writing(说明文)
D.
Practical
Writing(应用文)
答案:
C
Task
2 文本微观剖析:
细节探究?
1.
Choose
the
best
answer.
(1)From
Paragraph
1,
we
know
that
______.
?
A.
words
speak
louder
than
body
language
B.
body
language
is
more
useful
than
words
C.
people
prefer
to
express
their
feelings
in
words
D.
body
language
plays
an
important
role
in
daily
communications
(2)The
gesture
for
“OK”
means
“______”
in
Japan.
?
A.
zero B.
money C.
good D.
certain
(3)Which
of
the
following
is
NOT
true
according
to
the
passage?
A.
Shaking
one’s
head
means
“no”
in
few
countries.
B.
The
gesture
of
“OK”
is
considered
impolite
in
Brazil.
C.
Russians
may
kiss
their
friends
on
the
cheek
when
they
meet.
D.
Using
body
language
properly
is
important
when
abroad.
(4)What
will
you
do
to
express
“I
am
full”?
A.
Placing
your
hands
together.
B.
Placing
your
hands
on
the
stomach.
C.
Shaking
your
head.
D.
Moving
your
hand
in
circles
over
your
stomach.
答案:
(1)～(4)DBAD
2.
Reread
the
passage
and
fill
in
the
blanks.
Just
like
(1)spoken(speak)
language,
body
language
(2)varies(vary)
from
culture
to
culture.
For
example,
making
eye
contact
in
some
countries
is
a
way
(3)to
display(display)
interest
while
men
and
women
are
not
(4)socially(social)
permitted
to
make
eye
contact
in
many
Middle
Eastern
countries.
?
In
many
countries,
shaking
one’s
head
means
“no”
and
(5)nodding(nod)
one’s
head
means
“yes”.
By
(6)comparison(compare),
the
gestures
have
the
opposite
meaning
in
Bulgaria
and
(7)southern(south)
Albania.
Smiling
has
many
different
uses.
A
smile
can
help
us
get
(8)through
difficult
situations,
find
friends
in
a
world
of
strangers
(9)or
break
down
barriers.
If
we’re
feeling
down
or
lonely,
there’s
nothing
better
(10)than
seeing
the
smiling
face
of
a
good
friend.
3.
Long
sentence
analysis.
(1)
译文:
语言是重要的,
但是人们站立、抱肘和手做动作的方式仍然可以给我们信息来感知他们的感受。
(2)
译文:
我们彼此接触的方式、我们与谈话对象站立的距离以及我们见面或分手时的行为也存在差异。
Task
3 阅读思维升华:
主题实践?
1.
Why
do
different
countries
form
different
body
language?
(Critical
Thinking批判性思维)
Different
countries
came
into
being
from
different
areas,
so
that
they
formed
different
customs,
which
made
people
behave
differently.
?
2.
Why
do
we
need
to
learn
body
language?
(Creative
Thinking创造性思维)
(1)It
helps
us
avoid
misunderstanding
in
cross-cultural
communication.
?
(2)It
improves
our
communication
skills
by
observing
the
facial
expressions
and
gestures
of
native
speakers.
?
(3)It
makes
communication
more
comfortable
and
easier
to
understand.
?
(4)It
helps
those
who
lose
the
power
of
speech
express
their
thoughts
and
feelings.
?
要点精研·探究学习
1.
vary
vi.
(根据情况)变化;
改变
(2020·天津高考)
Galileo
was
not
merely
ambitious
when
he
dropped
objects
of
varying
weights
from
the
Leaning
Tower
at
Pisa
and
timed
their
fall
to
the
ground.
当伽利略从比萨斜塔上让不同重量的物体下落并计算它们落地的时间时,
他不仅仅是雄心勃勃。
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Typing
patterns
vary
from
person
to
person.
打字模式因人而异。
The
students’
work
varies
considerably
in
quality.
学生作业的质量甚是参差不齐。
The
menu
varies
with
the
season.
菜单随季节而变动。
One
had
better
see
life
in
its
various
aspects
when
young.
一个人最好在年轻时就能看到生活的各个方面。
(2)vary
vt.
改变;
使多样化(可接宾语)
(3)variety
n.
多样性
various
adj.
各种各样的
Variety
is
the
spice
of
life.
变化是生活的调味品。(喻指:
生活中的一些变化是正常的,
是小插曲,
能给平淡的生活增加口味)
(1)
语法填空。
①Opinions
on
this
matter
vary
from
person
to
person.
②It
is
important
for
us
to
meet
personally
although
we
have
been
in
touch
in
various
(vary)
ways.
③Our
style
will
vary
with
our
changes
in
mood.
(2)Cherries
vary
in
colour
from
almost
black
to
yellow.
?
樱桃的颜色由近乎黑到黄各不相同。
2.
approve
vi.
赞成;
同意
vt.
批准;
通过
I’m
afraid
your
parents
won’t
approve
of
your
going
there.
我担心你父母不会赞成你到那儿去。
She
desperately
wanted
to
win
her
father’s
approval.
她急不可待地想赢得父亲的赞同。
She
wants
to
be
an
actress,
but
her
parents
disapprove.
她想当演员,
可是她父母不同意。
(1)approve
of
sb.
/sb.
’s
(doing)
sth.
赞成/同意某人(做)某事
(2)approval
n.
赞成;
同意;
批准;
通过
(3)disapprove
v.
不同意
(1)approve表示“赞成;
同意”时,
是不及物动词,
若后接宾语,
要借助介词of。
(2)不要将汉语的“赞成某人做某事”直译成approve
sb.
to
do
sth.
或在其后跟that从句,
可改用approve
of
sb.
’s
doing
sth.
。
(1)语法填空。
①The
bank
sets
up
a
branch
without
approval(approve).
②Her
parents
don’t
approve
of
her
boyfriend.
③I
approve
of
your
trying
(try)
to
earn
some
money,
but
please
don’t
neglect
your
studies.
(2)一句多译。
她不同意女儿晚上出去。
①She
didn’t
approve
of
her
daughter
going
out
at
night.
(approve)?
②She
didn’t
give
her
approval
to
her
daughter
going
out
at
night.
(approval)?
③She
didn’t
agree
that
her
daughter
went
out
at
night.
(agree)?
3.
employ
vt.
使用;
应用;
雇用
The
boss
employed
a
secretary
to
help
him
with
his
work.
老板雇来一位秘书来帮助他的工作。
The
manager
employed
himself
in
making
a
future
plan
for
his
company.
经理忙于为公司制订将来的计划。
More
local
employment
will
be
created,
particularly
in
service
industries.
当地会创造出更多的就业机会,
尤其是服务行业。
(1)employ
sb.
to
do
sth.
雇用某人做某事
(2)be
employed
in=employ
oneself
in
忙于
(3)employment
n.
雇用
employer
n.
雇用者;
雇主
employee
n.
雇员;
雇工
(1)用employ的正确形式填空。
①Our
company
employed
about
one
hundred
people.
②Changes
in
farming
methods
have
badly
affected
employment
in
the
area.
③Their
situations
are
now
changed-employee
has
become
employer.
(2)句式升级。
He
was
employed
in
reading
and
he
didn’t
see
Tom
come
in.
①Employed
in
reading,
he
didn’t
see
Tom
come
in.
(用过去分词短语作状语改写)?
②Employing
himself
in
reading,
he
didn’t
see
Tom
come
in.
(用现在分词短语作状语改写)?
4.
interpret
vt.
把……理解(解释)为
vi.
&vt.
口译
We
have
to
interpret
his
words
in
a
modern
term.
我们不得不用现代术语来解释他的话。
I
didn’t
know
whether
to
interpret
her
silence
as
acceptance
or
refusal.
我不知该把她的沉默看作是接受还是拒绝。
Would
you
like
me
to
interpret
for
you?
要不要我来帮你翻译?
Theatre
creates
a
new
interpretation
of
Shakespeare’s
comedy
and
aims
to
build
a
bridge
between
deaf
and
hearing
worlds.
剧院创造了一种对莎士比亚喜剧的新诠释,
旨在为聋人和听觉世界架起一座桥梁。
(1)interpret
sth.
in
用(言语或表演)解释某事
(2)interpret
as
解释为;
把……理解为
(3)interpret
for
sb.
为某人做翻译(interpret
主要指“口译”;
translate
主要指“笔译”)
(4)interpretation
n.
解释;
翻译
(1)语法填空。
①I
like
your
interpretation
(interpret)
better
than
the
one
I
was
taught.
②She
couldn’t
speak
much
English
so
her
children
had
to
interpret
for
her.
(2)I’m
not
satisfied
with
what
the
sentence
is
interpreted
as.
?
我对这个句子所解释的意思不满意。
5.
differ
vi.
相异;
不同于
Ideas
on
childcare
may
differ
considerably
between
parents.
在抚育儿童方面父母的观点可能迥然不同。
Things
in
the
world
differ
from
each
other
in
a
thousand
ways.
世界上的事物是千差万别的。
Men
differ
in
habits
and
appearance.
人的相貌和习惯均不相同。
The
two
sides
in
the
dispute
still
differ
with
each
other
over
the
question
of
pay.
争执的双方在报酬问题上仍各持己见。
Social
customs
are
greatly
different
from
country
to
country.
各个国家的社会风俗很不相同。
(2)different adj.
不同的
be
different
from
与……不同
(3)difference
n.
不同;
差异
make
a
difference
有影响,
有关系
(1)语法填空。
①French
and
English
differ
in
this
aspect.
②I
differ
with
him
on
the
plan.
③Their
house
differs
from
mine
in
having
no
garage.
(2)I
might
not
be
able
to
change
anything
all
by
myself
but
we
can
make
a
difference
if
everybody
thinks
this
way.
?
我个人可能改变不了什么,
但如果每个人都这样想,
我们就可以使它有所变化。
6.
reliable
adj.
可靠的;
可信赖的
It’s
not
reliable
to
judge
a
man
only
by
his
looks.
单凭容貌来判断一个人是不可靠的。
You
can
rely
on
us
to
give
your
order
immediate
attention.
您的订单我们将立即处理,
请放心。
Many
people
now
rely
on
the
Internet
for
news.
很多人现在靠互联网来了解新闻。
(1)unreliable
adj.
不可靠的
(2)rely
v.
信任,
信赖;
依赖,
依靠
rely
on/upon
依靠,
依仗
rely
on/upon
sb.
to
do
sth.
依靠某人去做某事
(1)用reliable的适当形式填空。
①In
summer,
you
can’t
rely
on
the
weather,
which
is
changeable.
②John
is
very
reliable,
and
you
can
ask
him
to
give
you
a
hand.
③The
information
that
you
got
is
unreliable,
so
you’d
better
find
it
out.
(2)
Can
I
rely
on
you
to
keep
this
secret?
?
我能相信你会保守这个秘密吗?
7.
break
down
消除;
分解;
打破
His
health
broke
down
as
a
result
of
smoking.
因为吸烟他的健康垮掉了。
On
my
way
to
the
station
my
car
broke
down.
我的汽车在去车站的路上出故障了。
【导图理词】
【知识延伸】
break
through 突破;
突围;
有新的重大发现
break
up
(使)打碎,
(使)破碎;
结束;
解散
break
out
爆发;
突发
break
in
打断;
闯入;
训练;
使逐渐习惯
break
away(from)
脱离;
背叛;
逃脱
break
into
闯入;
破门而入
写出下列句子中黑体部分的含义。
(1)The
car
broke
down
halfway
to
the
destination.
(出故障)
(2)Chemicals
in
the
body
break
down
our
food
into
useful
substances.
(分解)
(3)I
left
London
when
my
marriage
broke
down.
(破裂)
(4)The
bridge
broke
down
in
the
big
earthquake.
(毁掉)
【补偿训练】
用适当的介词或副词完成句子。
(1)Please
don’t
break
in
on
our
conversation.
(2)They
decided
to
break
up/down
the
partnership(合作关系).
(3)He
predicted
that
war
would
break
out
in
the
next
few
years.
(4)He
broke
away
from
that
lawless
group
years
ago.
?
(5)The
machine
must
break
down
after
working
so
long
a
time.
8.
And
if
we
are
feeling
down
or
lonely,
there
is
nothing
better
than
seeing
the
smiling
face
of
a
good
friend.
如果我们感到沮丧或孤独,
没有什么比看到好朋友的笑脸更好的了。?
【句式解构】
本句是“否定词+比较级”句式,
是用比较级表达最高级的句式之一,
意为“没有比……更……的”。
This
could
give
her
no
greater
pleasure.
这使她再高兴不过了。
There’s
nothing
cheaper.
这东西再便宜不过了。
(1)在“否定词+比较级”句式中,
常用的否定词有no,
not,
never,
nothing,
nobody,
hardly等。
(2)比较级表达最高级常用句式如下:
①比较级+than+any
other+单数名词
②比较级+than+all
the
other+复数名词
③比较级+than+the
rest
of+复数名词或不可数名词
【知识延伸】
can’t.
.
.
enough与can’t
too.
.
.
“再怎么也不过分;
越……越……”,
也是用否定形式表示肯定意义。
例如:
You
can’t
scold
me
enough.
你再怎么责备我也不过分。
You
can’t
be
too
careful.
你越小心越好。
(1)语法填空。
①—China
is
sure
to
overcome
COVID-19(新型冠状病毒肺炎).
—I
couldn’t
agree
with
you
more(much).
②The
weather
couldn’t
be
worse(bad).
(2)There
is
nothing
better
for
you
than
plenty
of
water
and
sleep.
译:
没有什么比足够的水和睡眠对你更好的了。
【要点拾遗】
1.
demonstrate
vt.
表现;
表达;
说明;
证明
We
want
to
demonstrate
our
commitment
to
human
rights.
我们想表明我们对人权的信念。
In
the
cities,
vast
crowds
have
been
demonstrating
for
change.
在各城市,
大量的群众已经举行示威游行要求变革。
(1)demonstrate
sth.
to
sb.
向(某人)说明/展现某事(物)
(2)demonstrate
against
示威反对(某事)
demonstrate
for
为……而示威
(3)demonstrator
n.
示威者
demonstration
n.
示范
(1)语法填空。
①Students
are
demonstrating
against
the
war.
②If
you
have
a
moment,
I
would
like
to
demonstrate
for
you.
③We
were
given
a
brief
demonstration
(demonstrate)
of
the
computer’s
functions.
(2)Some
companies
will
be
there
to
demonstrate
their
new
products.
译文:
一些公司会在那里展示他们的新产品。
2.
bow
vi.
鞠躬;
点头 vt.
低(头)
He
bowed
low
to
the
assembled
crowd.
他向集结的人群深深地鞠了一躬。
The
people
all
bowed
down
before
the
Emperor.
所有人都给皇帝鞠躬。
She
has
finally
decided
it’s
time
to
bow
out
of
international
tennis.
她最终决定是退出世界网坛的时候了。
Some
of
the
raiders
were
armed
with
bows
and
arrows.
其中一些袭击者身背弓箭。
(1)bow
to
鞠躬;
屈从于
(2)bow
down
鞠躬;
压弯
(3)bow
out
退出,
辞职
(4)bow
n.
鞠躬;
弓;
蝴蝶结
bow
and
arrow
弓箭
take
a
bow
鞠躬答谢
The
bow
of
the
boat
is
stable
and
not
afraid
of
the
wind.
船头坐得稳,
不怕风来颠。(喻指:
在关键地方稳住脚跟,
就不用担心干扰)
(1)
语法填空。
①Some
shops
are
bowing
to
consumer
pressure.
②They
ran
to
the
center
of
the
tent
to
take
their
bows
(bow).
③She
stood
still,
head
bowed
(bow),
hands
clasped
in
front
of
her.
(2)
So
you
know
we
won’t
bow
down
to
no
man!
?
你就知道我们不会向任何人低头!
3.
make
inferences
推理;
推断
And
while
animals
aren’t
people,
he
says
it
is
logical
to
make
the
inference
that
an
effect
found
in
rats
may
also
apply
to
humans.
他说尽管动物不是人,
但关于在老鼠身上发现的功效同样适用于人的推断也是合乎逻辑的。
I
inferred
from
the
article
that
the
pilot
was
responsible
for
the
accident.
我从这篇文章推断,
飞行员应对事故负责。
(1)infer
v.
推断
(2)inference
n.
推理;
推断
(1)语法填空。
①Much
of
the
meaning
must
be
inferred
(infer)
from
the
context.
②There
were
(be)
two
inferences
to
be
drawn
from
her
letter.
(2)
A
human
can
sometimes
make
inferences
based
on
previous
knowledge.
?
人们有时可以根据前面的知识进行推断。
4.
get
through
通过;
到达;
做完;
接通电话;
渡过,
熬过(困难时期等)
I
can’t
get
through.
我打不通电话。
John
has
got
through
the
English
oral
test.
约翰已经通过了英语口语测试。
I
will
be
with
you
as
soon
as
I
get
through
the
work.
我一做完工作就到你这儿来。
【导图理词】
【知识延伸】
get
down
to 开始认真处理,
对待
get
away
with
干了(坏事)而不受处分
get
across
(使)被理解;
(使)被接受
get
around/round
随意走走;
旅行
写出下列句子中get
through的汉语意思。
(1)We
got
through
a
fortune
while
we
were
in
New
York!
(用完)
(2)I
tried
to
ring
my
girlfriend
but
I
couldn’t
get
through.
(接通电话)
(3)Let’s
start;
there’s
a
lot
of
work
to
get
through.
(完成)
(4)Do
you
think
the
bill
will
get
through
Parliament?
(通过)
【补偿训练】
(1)介、副词填空。
①She
decided
to
get
down
to
her
French.
②Don’t
think
you
can
get
away
with
telling
lies.
(2)There
is
too
much
traffic
on
this
road.
I’ll
never
get
across.
这条路上车辆太多。我将永远不能通过。
5.
kiss
sb.
on
the
cheek
亲吻某人的面颊
The
teacher
patted
me
on
the
shoulder,
telling
me
the
news.
老师拍着我的肩膀,
告诉我这个消息。
The
old
man
took
the
stranger
by
the
hand,
thanking
him
again
and
again.
老人拉着陌生人的手,
连声感谢。
The
referee
warned
the
player
not
to
kick
the
rival
in
the
stomach.
裁判警告这名选手不能踢竞争对手的肚子。
英语中,
习惯把接受动作的人作为宾语,
而用介词短语说明接触到的人体部位。
在“动词+宾语+介词+the+身体部位名词”结构中,
常用的动词有hit,
pat,
touch,
take,
catch,
strike,
kick等,
介词有in,
on,
by等。一般地,
身体柔软的地方用in,
硬的地方用on。by常与take,
seize,
catch,
lead等动词连用,
表示“拉、扯、抓住身体某部位”。
(1)语法填空。
①I
hit
the
fellow
on
the
head.
②The
girl
hit
the
boy
in
the
mouth.
③The
mother
held
the
children
by
the
hand.
④He
patted
me
on
the
head.
(2)
She
went
up
and
kissed
him
on
both
cheeks.
?
她走向前去,
吻了吻他的双颊。
拓视野·观天下
1.
China
aims
to
land
a
man
on
the
moon
sometime
after
2030,
most
observers
say,
while
it
was
said
that
it
would
“not
take
long”
before
the
government
approved
a
manned
lunar
project.
大多数观察人士认为,
中国计划在2030年后的某个时候实现载人登月,
但据说,
载人登月计划获得中国政府批准的“时间不会太长”。
2.
These
Chinese
dreamers
have
all
made
great
contributions
in
their
own
fields,
to
China
and
often
to
the
world
as
well.
Their
profession
may
differ
from
each
other,
but
they
did
make
a
great
difference.
这些中国追梦人都在各自的领域里对中国亦或对世界做出了巨大的贡献。他们的职业可能各不相同,
但他们的确产生了很大的影响。
3.
The
central
government’s
decision
to
develop
the
Guangdong-Hong
Kong-Macao
Greater
Bay
Area
provides
the
means
for
Hong
Kong
to
break
through
the
development
bottlenecks
it
faces
now
and
consolidate
and
expand
its
advantages.
中央政府开发粤港澳大湾区的决定为香港突破现在面临的发展瓶颈,
巩固和扩大优势提供了途径。
4.
Though
the
industry
is
a
great
contributor
to
GDP
and
employment,
playing
electronic
games
is
still
seen
by
many
as
an
inappropriate
pastime,
especially
for
students.
尽管(电子游戏)产业对于GDP和就业有巨大贡献,
但是玩游戏——尤其是学生玩游戏,
仍被很多人看作不务正业。
PAGEUnit
4 Body
Language
Using
Language
词汇知识·自主学习
Ⅰ.
根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1.
a
shooting
incident
枪击事件
2.
assess
the
effects
of
these
changes
评估变化的影响
3.
a
relaxed
pose
休闲姿势
4.
bend
his
head
弯下他的头
5.
reveal
a
secret
泄露一条秘密
6.
clarify
a
problem
澄清问题
7.
tick
the
question
out
把问题勾选出来
8.
have
a
tendency
to
listen
to
the
class
有听课的倾向
9.
lower
your
head
低下头
10.
occupy
much
space
占用大量空间
11.
It
is
easy
to
perceive
容易察觉
12.
distinguish
from
区别于
13.
experience
learning
anxiety
体验学习焦虑
14.
an
embarrassed
silence
难堪的沉默
15.
stop
bothering
me
停止烦我
16.
weep
uncontrollably
不由自主地哭起来
17.
have
conflicts
with
other
students
与其他学生发生冲突
18.
inquire
into
the
problem
调查问题
19.
ultimately
conclude
最终得出结论
20.
adjust
class
activities
调整课堂活动
21.
Iron
reacts
with
water
铁和水发生反应
22.
an
important
component
of
being
a
teacher
成为一名教师的重要组成部分
Ⅱ.
根据提示用恰当的短语填空
at
the
trial,
in
favour
of,
straighten
up,
tend
to,
end
up,
stare
out
of,
call
on,
react
to,
work
out,
at
the
same
time
1.
I
don’t
think
anyone
is
really
in
favour
of
these
changes.
?
2.
His
lawyer
set
up
a
very
convincing
defense
at
the
trial.
?
3.
From
ingrained
habit
he
paused
to
straighten
up
the
bed.
?
4.
In
my
job
one
tends
to
lose
touch
with
friends.
?
5.
If
you
don’t
know
what
you
want,
you
might
end
up
getting
something
you
don’t
want.
?
6.
It
took
me
some
time
to
work
out
what
was
causing
this.
?
7.
It’s
impossible
to
get
everybody
together
at
the
same
time.
?
8.
Staring
out
of
airplane
windows,
she
didn’t
hear
the
plane
arrived.
?
9.
Please
give
him
a
message
that
I
won’t
call
on
him
tomorrow.
?
10.
You’re
attacking
me
to
see
how
I
react
to
what
you
say.
?
补全下列课文原句
1.
Many
students
are
quite
shy
and
don’t
speak
all
that
much(沉默寡言).
?
2.
So,
how
can
I
really
know
what
makes
each
student
tick(什么使得学生这样做)?
?
3.
Their
eyes
barely
move,
and
they
always
have
the
same
distant
expression
on
their
faces.
It
is
as
though
they
are
asleep
with
their
eyes
open(好像他们睁着眼在睡觉).
?
4.
While
it
is
easy
to
perceive(尽管很容易察觉)
when
students
are
interested,
bored,
or
distracted,
it
is
sometimes
much
harder
to
distinguish
when
students
are
troubled.
?
5.
However,
if
a
student
does
not
bother
to
brush
her
hair
(懒得梳头)and
her
eyes
are
red
from
weeping,
then
I
can
infer
that
there
are
deeper
issues
at
work.
?
阅读精析·合作学习
Task
1 框架宏观建构:
整体理解?
1.
Skim
the
passage
and
fill
in
the
blanks
2.
What
is
the
text
type
of
the
passage?
A.
Narration(记叙文).
B.
Argumentative
Essay(议论文).
C.
Expository
Writing(说明文).
D.
Practical
Writing(应用文).
答案:
A
Task
2 文本微观剖析:
细节探究?
1.
Choose
the
best
answer.
(1)How
can
the
writer
know
what
makes
each
student
tick?
A.
By
having
one-on-one
conversations
with
each
person.
B.
By
talking
with
some
students.
C.
By
observing
students’
body
language.
D.
By
asking
them
to
write
a
letter
to
the
teacher.
(2)When
students
are
not
interested
in
a
lesson,
they
may
______.
?
A.
look
up
and
make
eye
contact
B.
lean
forward
and
look
at
the
teacher
C.
lower
their
heads
and
watch
the
watch
D.
smile
when
the
teacher
makes
a
joke
(3)When
students
have
their
arms
crossed
in
front
of
their
chests
and
their
legs
crossed,
they
may
feel
______.
?
A.
happy
B.
excited
C.
shocked
D.
angry
(4)Where
is
the
text
likely
to
be
taken
from?
A.
A
social
magazine.
B.
A
science
book.
C.
A
research
report.
D.
A
health
magazine.
答案:
(1)～(4)CCDA
Reread
the
passage
and
fill
in
the
blanks.
(1)Looking
at
students’
body
language
makes
me
know
what
makes
each
student
(2)tick.
It
is
easy
to
(3)recognise
(识别)when
students
are
interested
in
a
lesson
through
their
body
language.
If
I
find
students
are
(4)amused
by
something
else,
I
will
(5)remind
them
to
pay
attention
in
class.
It
is
hard
to
(6)distinguish
(辨别)when
students
are
troubled.
If
they
have
(7)conflicts
with
other
students
or
at
home,
I
will
(8)inquire
and
assess
what
is
going
on.
Their
body
language
makes
me
know
when
to
(9)adjust
class
activities,
when
to
(10)intervene,
and
when
to
talk
to
students
individually.
2.
Long
sentence
analysis.
(1)
译文:
尽管当学生感兴趣、感到无聊或心烦意乱时,
我们很容易就能察觉到,
但是当学生遇到麻烦时,
我们有时就很难分辨了。
(2)
译文:
对肢体语言的反应是成为一名教师的重要组成部分。
1.
How
to
recognise
when
students
are
interested
in
a
lesson?
(Critical
Thinking批判性思维)
At
the
first
place,
they
tend
to
look
up
and
make
eye
contact;
?
At
the
second
place,
when
the
teacher
makes
a
joke,
they
smile;
?
Last
but
not
least,
they
can
answer
the
questions
correctly
and
even
ask
questions.
?
2.
In
your
opinion,
why
reacting
to
body
language
is
an
important
component
of
being
a
teacher?
(Creative
Thinking创造性思维)
Because
the
students’
body
language
lets
the
teacher
know
when
to
adjust
class
activities,
when
to
intervene,
and
when
to
talk
to
students
individually.
Therefore,
they
can
all
get
the
most
out
of
school.
?
要点精研·探究学习
1.
occupy
vt.
占据;
占用
(2020·天津高考)
It
encourages
us
to
occupy
our
own
little
corner,
to
avoid
foolish
leaps
into
the
dark,
to
be
satisfied.
它鼓励我们占据自己的小角落,
避免愚蠢地跳进黑暗,
去满足。
With
their
chins
on
their
hands,
they
occupy
themselves
by
staring
out
of
the
window
or
up
at
the
ceiling.
他们双手托着下巴,
专注地盯着窗外或天花板发呆。
She
is
fully
occupied
in
looking
after
three
small
children.
她忙于照料三个小孩儿。
You
keep
him
occupied
down
here
while
I
check
upstairs.
我在楼上检查时你让他在下面别闲着。
【巧学助记】图文助记occupy
(1)be
occupied
in
doing
sth.
/with
sth.
忙于做某事
occupy
oneself
with/in
doing
sth.
忙于做某事;
专心于做某事
keep
sb.
occupied
使某人忙碌
(2)occupation
n.
占用;
职业
【知识延伸】下列短语也表示“忙于做某事”:
①be
engaged
in
doing
sth.
②be
busy
in
doing
sth.
/with
sth.
③be
buried
in
doing
sth.
(1)语法填空。
①One
of
my
childhood
occupations
(occupy)
was
collecting
stamps.
②You
need
to
find
something
to
occupy
yourself(you)
with
when
you
retire.
(2)
句式升级。
She
occupied
herself
with
routine
office
tasks
and
had
no
time
to
attend
to
her
children.
①Occupying
herself
with
routine
office
tasks,
she
had
no
time
to
attend
to
her
children.
(用现在分词短语作状语改写)?
②Occupied
with
routine
office
tasks,
she
had
no
time
to
attend
to
her
children.
(用过去分词短语作状语改写)?
2.
perceive
vt.
察觉;
看待;
理解
This
discovery
was
perceived
as
a
major
breakthrough.
这一发现被视为一项重大突破。
I
perceived
a
change
in
his
behaviour.
我注意到他举止有些改变。
She
perceived
that
all
was
not
well.
她意识到并非一切都顺利。
The
patient
was
perceived
to
have
difficulty
in
breathing.
发现病人呼吸困难。
(1)perceive
sb.
/sth.
as视为;
把……当作
(2)perceive+sb.
/sth.
+to
be/have
sth.
认为/发现……是……的
(3)perceive+that从句或what/where/who等从句
(1)语法填空。
①She
did
not
perceive
herself
as
disabled.
②They
were
widely
perceived
to
have
been(be)
unlucky.
?
③When
we
perceive
that
time
is
running
out,
we
lose
faith
and
abandon
the
iterative
process.
(2)
A
key
task
is
to
get
pupils
to
perceive
for
themselves
the
relationship
between
success
and
effort.
?
关键任务是让学生们自己认识到成功和努力之间的关系。
3.
distinguish
vi.
&
vt.
区分;
辨别
She
has
already
distinguished
herself
as
an
athlete.
作为运动员她已享有盛名。
People
who
can
not
distinguish
between
colours
are
said
to
be
colour-blind.
不能辨别颜色的人称为色盲。
What
was
it
that
distinguished
her
from
her
classmates?
是什么使得她有别于班上其他同学呢?
distinguish
oneself
(as)
(作为……)表现突出;
使自己与众不同
distinguish
between.
.
.
and.
.
.
区分/辨别……和……
distinguish.
.
.
from.
.
.
使……有别于……;
使……具有区别于……的特征
distinguish.
.
.
by.
.
.
以……为特征
Open
your
eyes
to
distinguish
right
from
wrong,
close
your
eyes
and
think
calmly.
睁眼明辨是非,
闭眼冷静思考。(喻指:
冷静思考和分析,
明辨对错)
【熟词生义】
Lack
of
trucks
embarrassed
the
army’s
movements.
卡车的缺少阻碍了军队的行程。
(v.
使陷入困境;
使为难)
(1)语法填空。
①You
should
learn
to
distinguish
between
right
and
wrong.
②The
twins
are
so
alike
that
no
one
can
distinguish
one
from
the
other.
(2)
句式升级。
He
was
distinguished
for
his
knowledge
of
economics
and
was
elected
as
head
of
the
economic
school.
(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
→Distinguished
for
his
knowledge
of
economics,
he
was
elected
as
head
of
the
economic
school.
?
4.
embarrassed
adj.
难堪的;
尴尬的
What
embarrassed
him
was
that
he
had
no
idea
of
what
was
going
on.
对所发生的事情一无所知,
这让他很难堪。
She
felt
embarrassed
when
he
asked
her
age.
他问她的年龄时,
她感到很尴尬。
It
was
so
embarrassing
having
to
sing
in
public.
不得不在公共场合唱歌太难为情了。
(1)embarrass
v.
使尴尬;
使窘迫
(2)embarrassing
adj.
令人不安的;
令人尴尬的
(3)embarrassed
adj.
窘迫的;
尴尬的
be/feel
embarrassed
at/about
因……感到尴尬
(4)embarrassment
n.
尴尬;
难堪;
惹麻烦的人或事
to
one’s
embarrassment
令某人尴尬的是
(1)用embarrass的适当形式填空。
①He
felt
embarrassed
at/about
being
the
centre
of
attention.
②That
was
an
embarrassing
situation
for
me.
③Much
to
her
embarrassment,
she
realized
that
everyone
was
staring
at
her.
(2)句式升级。
He
felt
embarrassed
about
his
mistakes,
so
he
locked
himself
in
his
room.
(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
→Embarrassed
about
his
mistakes,
he
locked
himself
in
his
room.
?
5.
call
on(短暂地)访问;
要求(某人讲话等);
正式邀请
Some
students
act
this
way
merely
because
they
are
afraid
of
being
called
on
by
the
teacher.
有些学生这样做只是因为他们害怕老师叫他们(回答问题)。
I’m
going
to
call
on
one
of
my
former
classmates.
我要去看望我的一位老同学。
He
called
on
the
workers
to
fight
for
their
rights.
他号召工人们为争取自己的权利而斗争。
You
have
no
experience
at
all
to
call
on;
you
have
never
seen
anything
like
this.
你完全没有任何经验可以遵循;
在这之前你也没有见过类似的情况。
【导图理词】
(1)
介、副词填空。
①The
picnic
was
called
off
because
of
the
rain.
②Let’s
stop
off
and
call
on
Tim
and
his
family.
③These
pictures
call
up
memories
of
those
beautiful
days
when
they
stayed
in
Hainan
during
the
summer
holiday.
④The
worried
mother
posted
the
letter
of
asking
for
help
online,
calling
for
kind
netizens
to
help
her
find
her
missing
son.
(2)
I
tried
to
call
you
up
last
night,
but
no
one
answered
the
phone.
?
我昨晚给你打电话,
但没人接。
6.
bother
vi.
&vt.
费心;
麻烦;
因……操心n.
麻烦;
不便
(2020·江苏高考)
The
question
of
what
we
know
and
do
not
know
constantly
bothered
me.
我们知道什么和不知道什么的问题一直困扰着我。
What
bothers
me
most
is
the
fact
that
he
seems
to
take
no
interest
in
his
work.
最使我伤脑筋的是,
他似乎对自己的工作毫无兴趣。
You
don’t
bother
to
get
dinner
for
me
today;
I’ll
eat
out.
今天不必为我准备饭了,
我要在外边吃。
Don’t
bother
with/about
it.
不必麻烦了。
He
has
been
observed
to
look
for
bother
in
every
possible
way.
人们注意到他老是千方百计地制造麻烦。
(1)bother
(oneself)
to
do
sth.
/bother
doing
sth.
费心做某事
(2)it
bothers
sb.
that
令某人担心/苦恼的是
(3)bother
sb.
about/with
sth.
打扰,
烦扰
(4)look
for
bother找麻烦=make
trouble
(1)语法填空。
①What
a
bother!
We’ve
missed
the
bus.
②Don’t
bother
yourself
to
do/doing
(do)
it.
?
③Most
of
the
papers
didn’t
even
bother
to
report(report)
it.
?
(2)
Don’t
bother
about
my
breakfast.
I’ll
eat
what
is
here.
?
不要为我的早餐费事,
这里有什么我就吃什么。
7.
Of
course,
not
everyone
who
looks
up
is
paying
attention
in
class.
?
当然,
并不是每个抬头的学生都在专心听讲。
【句式解构】
“not
everyone”为部分否定。不定代词all,
both,
every,
everyone,
everything,
everybody,
everywhere等与否定词not,
no连用时,
表示的是部分否定,
而非全部否定。
I
don’t
know
all
of
them.
我并不认识他们所有人。
I
don’t
like
both
of
the
books.
这两本书我并非都喜欢。
Not
every
student
goes
to
the
farm
on
Sunday.
周日不是每个学生都去农场。
Not
everyone
in
our
class
likes
football.
我们班里不是每个人都喜欢足球。
全部否定
不定代词none,
nobody,
nothing,
no
one,
neither等表示否定意义的词与肯定式谓语连用,
构成全部否定。
I
know
none
of
them.
他们我全都不认识。
I
like
neither
of
the
books.
这两本书我一本也不喜欢。
No
student
goes
to
the
farm
on
Sunday.
周日没有学生去农场。
No
one/
Nobody
in
our
class
likes
football.
我们班里没有人喜欢足球。
(1)语法填空。
①We
haven’t
enough
books
for
everyone;
some
of
you
will
have
to
share.
②—Which
of
the
two
computer
games
did
you
prefer?
—Actually
I
liked
neither
of
them.
(2)Not
all
the
parts
of
the
car
will
be
made
in
the
factory.
车的所有零件并非都在这个工厂生产。
(3)Every
student
can
not
answer
the
question.
不是每个学生都能回答这个问题。
【要点拾遗】
1.
stare
vi.
盯着看;
凝视
n.
凝视
With
their
chins
on
their
hands,
they
occupy
themselves
by
staring
out
of
the
window
or
up
at
the
ceiling.
他们双手托着下巴,
专注地盯着窗外或头顶上的天花板发呆。
When
he
had
gone
I
could
only
stare
at
the
boxes.
他走后,
我吃惊地盯着这些盒子。
Juliet
thought
as
she
continued
to
stare
after
him.
茱丽叶一边想,
眼光一边继续追随着那名男子。
stare
out
of
sth.
向外凝视
stare
at
sb.
/sth.
盯/凝视某人/某物
【易混辨析】
glance,
stare,
glare
这组动词都与“看”有关。
glance意为“匆匆一瞥”,
是不及物动词,
其后必须接介词at,
over等才可以接宾语。
stare意为“凝视”,
它也是一个不及物动词,
其后通常接介词at才能接宾语。
glare意为“怒视;
瞪眼”,
也是不及物动词,
其后要接介词at才能接宾语。
(1)语法填空。
①The
policeman
stared
at
his
eyes
when
questioning
him.
②Have
a
cup
of
tea,
put
your
feet
up
and
stare
out
of
the
window.
(2)
The
chairman
glanced
at
his
watch
and
announced
the
meeting
was
over.
?
主席看了一眼手表,
宣布会议结束。
(3)My
father
stared
at
the
stranger
for
a
long
time
as
if
they
had
known
each
other
before.
?
我父亲盯着那个陌生人看了很长时间,
好像他们以前认识一样。
(4)The
mother
was
trembling
with
anger.
She
glared
at
her
son
and
said
nothing.
?
母亲因生气而颤抖。她怒视着儿子,
什么也没说。
2.
distract
vt.
分散(注意力);
使分心
Don’t
talk
to
her─she’s
very
easily
distracted.
不要同她讲话——她的注意力很容易分散。
It
was
another
attempt
to
distract
attention
from
the
truth.
这又企图分散人们对事实真相的注意力。
I
can’t
let
myself
be
distracted
by
those
things.
我不能因为那些事情让自己分神。
(1)distract
from
转移;
使从……分心
be
distracted
by
/
with
被……分散注意力
(2)distraction
n.
注意力分散;
心烦意乱
(1)语法填空。
①Tom
admits
that
playing
video
games
sometimes
distracts
him
from
his
homework.
②I
find
it
hard
to
work
at
home
because
there
are
too
many
distractions(distract).
(2)
No
matter
what
happens,
nothing
will
distract
my
attention.
不管发生什么情况,
都不会分散我的注意力。?
3.
inquire
vi.
&vt.
询问;
打听
Whatever
it
is,
I
know
I
need
to
inquire
and
assess
what
is
going
on.
不管是什么,
我知道我需要询问和评估正在发生的事情。
Inspectors
were
appointed
to
inquire
into
the
affairs
of
the
company.
检查员被派去调查该公司的事务。
I
recommend
that
you
inquire
about
the
job.
我建议你打听一下这项工作
He
went
to
inquire
for
a
letter
at
the
post
office.
他到邮局去查问一封信。
I’m
inquiring
after
any
information
the
library
might
have
on
future
city
planning.
我正在查阅这家图书馆可能保存的关于城市未来规划的任何资料。
inquire
about 询问;
咨询;
打听
inquire
for
询问;
要见
inquire
into
调查
inquire
of
询问(某人);
向(某人)了解情况
inquire
after
查阅;
问候
(1)介词填空。
①I
rang
up
to
inquire
about
train
times.
②They
determined
to
inquire
thoroughly
into
the
matter.
③Elsie
called
to
inquire
after
my
health.
④I’ll
inquire
for
it
in
this
shop.
(2)
I
come
to
inquire
whether
the
package
has
arrived.
?
我来问一下包裹到了没有。
4.
adjust
vt.
调整;
调节vi.
&
vt.
适应;
(使)习惯
(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)However,
we’ll
adjust
the
influence.
不过,
我们会调整影响。
You’ll
quickly
adjust
yourself
to
student
life.
你将很快适应学生生活。
I’ve
made
a
few
minor
adjustments
to
the
seating
plan.
我对座次表作了小小的调整。
(1)adjust.
.
.
to.
.
.
调整……以适应……
adjust
oneself
to.
.
.
使自己适应于……
adjust
to
doing.
.
.
适应做……
(2)make
an
adjustment/adjustments
to.
.
.
对……作出调整
(1)语法填空。
①It
takes
him
quite
a
while
to
adjust
to
working
(work)
night
shifts.
②He
stopped
to
try
to
adjust
his
eyes
to
the
light.
③With
the
continuous
changes
of
job
market,
I
made
adjustments(adjust)
to
my
job
expectations
time
and
again.
(2)The
body
quickly
adjusts
itself
to
changes
in
temperature.
?
身体迅速(自行)调节以适应气温的变化。
5.
tendency
n.
趋势;
倾向
She
has
a
strong
natural
tendency
towards
caution.
她天生非常小心谨慎。
I
have
a
tendency
to
talk
too
much
when
I’m
nervous.
我紧张时总爱唠叨。
People
tend
to
think
that
the
problem
will
never
affect
them.
人们往往认为这个问题绝不会影响到他们。
Ambulance
crews
were
tending
to
the
injured.
救护车上的救护人员在照料受伤者。
(1)have
a
tendency
to
do
sth.
有做某事的倾向
(2)tend
vi.
往往,
趋向;
招待
vt.
照看,
护理
tend
to
do.
.
.
倾向于做……;
往往会……
tend
sb.
照顾某人
(1)语法填空。
①You
have
a
tendency
to
avoid
(avoid)
argument.
?
②During
the
World
War
Ⅱ,
Henry
Beecher
was
a
doctor
tending
(tend)
soldiers
on
the
battlefield.
③We
tend
to
blame
(blame)
TV,
he
says,
for
problems
it
doesn’t
really
cause,
overlooking
our
own
roles
in
shaping
children’s
mind.
?
(2)
一句多译。
我很容易花费过度。
①I
have
a
tendency
to
spend
too
much.
(tendency)?
②I
tend
to
spend
too
much.
(tend)?
读写结合·表达升级
如何描述肢体语言
描述肢体语言,
说明肢体语言的意义的文章属于说明文。用灵活的语言对图片里的肢体语言进行生动的描写。
观察右面这幅图,
用英文向大家描述一下图中肢体语言的含义。
注意:
内容积极向上,
语意通顺,
结构连贯完整。词数80左右。
完成句子
1.
这个人眼睛似乎在盯着什么东西,
皱着眉。
The
man’s
eyes
seem
to
be
fixed
on
something
and
he
frowns.
?
2.
他一只手放在下巴上,
遮住嘴和鼻子,
另一只手扶住这只胳膊的肘部,
好像正屏住呼吸。
He
puts
one
hand
on
his
chin,
covering
his
mouth
and
nose.
He
puts
the
other
hand
under
the
elbow
of
the
arm
as
if
holding
his
breath.
?
3.
这往往意味着他遇到了问题,
陷入了沉思。
It
often
means
he
is
stuck
in
a
problem
and
lost
in
thought.
?
4.
一定不要打扰他。
Be
sure
to
leave
him
alone.
?
5.
你会被认为是一个无礼的闯入者,
有时甚至会导致意想不到的冲突。
You
can
be
seen
as
a
rude
interloper,
sometimes
leading
to
unexpected
conflicts.
?
6.
读懂一个人的肢体语言对人们相处是非常重要的。
Understanding
a
person’s
body
language
is
very
important
for
people
to
get
along
with
each
other.
?
句式升级
7.
用并列连词and改写句2。
He
puts
one
hand
on
his
chin,
covering
his
mouth
and
nose,
and
the
other
hand
under
the
elbow
of
the
arm
as
if
holding
his
breath.
?
8.
用非限制性定语从句改写句5。
You
can
be
seen
as
a
rude
interloper,
which
sometimes
can
lead
to
unexpected
conflicts.
?
9.
用并列连词or合并4、5两个句子。
Be
sure
to
leave
him
alone,
or
you
can
be
seen
as
a
rude
interloper,
which
sometimes
can
lead
to
unexpected
conflicts.
?
The
man’s
eyes
seem
to
be
fixed
on
something
and
he
frowns.
In
the
meantime,
he
puts
one
hand
on
his
chin,
covering
his
mouth
and
nose,
and
the
other
hand
under
the
elbow
of
the
arm
as
if
holding
his
breath.
It
often
means
he
is
stuck
in
a
problem
and
lost
in
thought.
Be
sure
to
leave
him
alone,
or
you
can
be
seen
as
a
rude
interloper,
which
sometimes
can
lead
to
unexpected
conflicts.
So,
a
person’s
inner
world
often
manifests
itself
in
some
kind
of
external
body
language.
Understanding
a
person’s
body
language
is
very
important
for
people
to
get
along
with
each
other.
1.
话题词汇
(1)frown 皱眉
(2)stare
凝视
(3)glare
怒视
(4)pose
姿势,
姿态
(5)body
language
肢体语言
(6)lost
in
thought
陷入沉思
(7)cover
one’s
mouth
and
nose
遮住口鼻
(8)get
along
with
与……相处
(9)leave
alone
不管,
让……一个人待着
(10)have
a
strong
interest
in
对……有浓厚兴趣
2.
话题句式
(1)Liars
tend
to
blink
a
lot
and
don’t
maintain
eye
contact.
撒谎的人会眨很多次眼睛,
而且不会保持眼神上的交流。
(2)Body
language
studies
show
that
people
tend
to
touch
their
face
and
scratch
their
nose
when
they
lie.
关于肢体语言的研究表明撒谎时,
人们都倾向于去摸脸或挠鼻子。
(3)People
who
are
telling
the
truth
use
many
facial
muscles,
but
liars
smile
with
just
their
mouths.
说实话的人会使用很多面部肌肉,
但是撒谎的人微笑时只是嘴在动。
(4)Today
in
the
USA,
when
someone
puts
his
thumb
up,
it
means
“Everything
is
all
right.
”However,
in
Greece
it
is
bad.
如今在美国,
当有人竖起大拇指时意味着“一切都很好。”然而在希腊竖大拇指是不好。
主题活动·话题实践
Ⅰ.
语用功能表达
一、表示询问观点/态度:
1.
What
did
you
mean
by
.
.
.
?
你……是什么意思?
2.
So
did
that
mean
.
.
.
?
所以,
那意味着……吗?
3.
What
I
don’t
understand
is
.
.
.
我所不理解的是……
4.
Could
you
explain.
.
.
?
你能解释……吗?
5.
Could
you
give
me
an
example?
你能给我举个例子吗?
6.
What
do
you
think
of.
.
.
?
你认为……怎么样?
7.
What
do
you
think
about
that?
关于那件事你怎么看?
8.
Explain
it
to
me.
请向我解释一下。
二、表示解释说明:
1.
In
other
words.
.
.
换句话说……
2.
That
is.
.
.
也就是……
3.
What
I
meant
was.
.
.
我的意思是……
4.
What
I
was
trying
to
say
was.
.
.
我想说的是……
5.
Does
that
make
sense?
这能说得通吗?
6.
Is
that
clear?
那样清楚吗?
Ⅱ.
话题情景交流
在讨论课上,
大家就Body
language
around
you这一话题发表了自己的看法……
John:
My
father’s
angry
face
always
makes
my
blood
run
cold.
Amy:
1.
You
mean
that
(你的意思是)he
is
bad-tempered
and
often
gets
angry
with
you?
?
John:
2.
Not
always(并不总是这样).
Only
when
I
made
mistakes,
did
he
get
angry.
?
Amy:
3.
So
it
is(原来是这样).
?
John:
4.
How
do
you
judge
your
parents’
attitude?
(你怎么判断你父母的态度?
)?
Amy:
I
always
get
their
meaning
from
their
body
language.
If
they
are
happy,
they
will
hug
me
or
smile
at
me.
If
they
feel
down,
they
may
ignore
me
and.
.
.
John:
5.
I
couldn’t
agree
more
(我再同意不过了).
?
PAGEUnit
4 Body
Language
单元脉图·素养导引
聆听经典·话题热身
Cry
on
My
Shoulder——《在我的肩膀上哭泣》2003年版本由德国选秀节目的歌手们共同演绎,
是一首标准的励志歌——不要忘了当你无助的时候,
来我的肩膀哭泣,
我会在你身边,
依旧用爱与你分享。?
注:
听音填空
Cry
on
My
Shoulder
If
the
hero
never
comes
to
you
If
you
need
someone
You’re
feeling
blue
If
you
wait
for
love
And
you’re
alone
If
you
call
your
friends
and
nobody’s
home
You
can
①run
away?
But
you
can’t
hide
Through
a
storm
And
through
a
lonely
night
Then
I’ll
show
you
there’s
a
destiny
The
best
things
in
life
They
are
free
But
if
you
wanna
cry
Cry
on
my
shoulder
If
you
need
someone
Who
②cares
for
you?
If
you’re
feeling
sad
Your
heart
gets
colder
Yes
I’ll
show
you
What
real
love
can
do
If
your
sky
is
grey
oh
③let
me
know?
There’s
a
place
in
heaven
Where
we’ll
go
If
heaven
is
a
million
years
away
Oh
④just
call
me?
And
I
make
your
day
When
the
nights
are
getting
cold
and
blue
When
the
days
are
getting
hard
for
you
I
will
always
stay
here
by
your
side
I
promise
you
I’ll
never
hide
But
if
you
wanna
cry
Cry
on
my
shoulder
If
you
need
someone
Who
cares
for
you
If
you’re
feeling
sad
Your
heart
gets
colder
Yes
I
show
you
What
real
love
can
do
But
if
you
wanna
cry
Cry
on
my
shoulder
If
you
need
someone
Who
cares
for
you
If
you’re
feeling
sad
Your
heart
gets
colder
Yes
I
show
you
What
real
love
can
do
What
real
love
can
do
What
real
love
can
do
What
love
can
do
What
love
can
do
Love
can
do
译文:
《在我的肩膀上哭泣》
如果你的真命天子仍未来到
如果你情绪低落需要有人陪伴
如果你孑然一人,
等待爱情
如果你打电话给朋友却无人应答
你可以逃开却不可以隐藏
经历了风暴
忍受了孤独的夜晚
我要让你知道(每个人)都有(他的)宿命
一生中最美好的东西
那就是自由
如果你想哭
在我肩上哭泣
如果你需要关怀你的人
如果你正感到悲伤,
心渐渐变冷
我会让你知道真爱的力量
如果你的天空灰沉沉的,
哦,
要告诉我
天堂总有一块我们要投奔的乐土
如果天堂离我们有百万年之远
哦,
只要来个电话
我就会让你开心起来
当夜变得寒冷变得忧伤
当你的日子变得艰难
我会一直陪在你身边
我向你承诺,
我不会躲藏
如果你想哭
在我肩上哭泣
如果你需要关怀你的人
如果你正感到悲伤,
心渐渐变冷
我会让你知道真爱的力量
如果你想哭
在我肩上哭泣
如果你需要关怀你的人
如果你正感到悲伤,
心渐渐变冷
我会让你知道真爱的力量
真爱的力量
真爱的力量
真爱的力量
真爱的力量
爱的力量
PAGE
