马石立中学九年级英语第一轮复习资料
——八年级上册units5-7精讲
◆unit5 Can you come to my party
目标语言:make accept and decline invitations; talk about obligations
重点句型:.
1.Invitation(邀请):Can you come to my party
Would you like to come to my party
Acception(接受邀请):Sure/Certainly/Of course, I’d love / like to.
Yes, I’d love /like to.
Declination(拒绝邀请):I’m sorry, I can’t. I have to/must…
Sorry, I’d love to. But I have to…
But I am V-ing…
2. What day is it today / tomorrow / the day after tomorrow (询问星期)It is Wednesday.
What is the date today / tomorrow / the day after tomorrow (询问日期)It is Nov. 2nd.
What’s / is today (询问日期和星期)It is Wednesday Nov. 2nd.
What day was it yesterday / the day before yesterday It was Tuesday.
What was the date yesterday / the day before yesterday It was Nov. 1st.
What was yesterday / the day before yesterday It was Tuesday Nov. 1st.
3. That’s too bad. Maybe another time.
4. Come and have fun.
5. Thanks a lot for asking / inviting me.
= Thank you very much for your invitation.
6. I have tennis training with the school team.
7. Please keep quiet! I’m trying to study.
8. Can you come over to my house
Can you come over to my house on Wednesday
Can you come over to my house to discuss the science report
9. I am free till 10:00pm.
重点词组:
1. 来参加我的晚会 come to my party 2. 在周六下午 on Saturday afternoon
3. 上钢琴课 have a piano lesson 4. 去看医生 go to the doctor
5. 太多家庭作业 too much homework 6. 谢谢邀请 Thanks for asking.
7. 玩得高兴 have fun 8. 去商业街 go to the mall
9. 棒球比赛 baseball game 10. 后天 the day after tomorrow
11. 为考试而学习 study for a test 12. 多谢邀请 Thanks a lot for the invitation.
13. 在度假期 be on vacation 14. 保持安静 keep quiet
15. 打网球 play tennis 16. 足球比赛 football match
17. 文化俱乐部 culture club 18. 整天 the whole day
19. 过来 come over to 20. 去看牙医 go to the dentist
21. 来加入我们 Come and join us. 22. 我愿意 I’d love to.
23. 下一次 another time 24. 临时照看他的妹妹 babysit his sister
25. 做某事困难be difficult to do sth 26. 在象某人那么大的时候be one’s age
27. 我(很)乐意/愿意。I’d love/like to. 28. 为化学考试而学习 study for the chemistry test
29. 前天the day before yesterday 30. 完成地理课题/作业finish the geography project
31. 进行网球训练have tennis training 32. 谈论科学报告discuss the science report
33. 空闲的be free = have time 34. 邀请我去他的生日聚会invite me to his birthday party
35. 谢谢(你的)邀请。Thanks for asking.
知识点:
1. Sure的用法
1)be sure to do是一种祈使句,相当于Don’t forget to do sth或 Remember to do千万记住做某事。如Be sure to come tomorrow.明天务必要来。
2)be sure与不定式连用,表示说话人的一种判断。如 It is sure to rain.一定会下雨。
2.have与there be
There be“有”,其确切含义为“某处或某时存在某人或某物。”其结构是:There be +某人或某物+表示地点或时间的状语。There be后面的名词实际上是主语,be动词的形式要和主语在数上保持一致,be动词后面的名词是单数或不可数名词时用is,名词是复数时用are.如,
There is a big bottle of coke on the table. 桌子上有一大瓶可乐。
There is some rice in the bag. 那个袋子里有些大米。
There are many apples on the tree. 那树上有许多苹果。
There be 的否定式为 There isn’t 或 There aren’t,疑问句是将be动词放在there之前,句尾加问号,简略回答是Yes, there is/are./ No, there isn’t/ aren’t.如,
Is there any water in the bottle 那个瓶子里有水吗?
Yes, there is. / No, there isn’t. 是的,有。/ 不,没有。
Are there any students in the classroom 教室里有学生吗?
Yes, there are. / No, there aren’t. 是的, 有。/ 不,没有。
There is可以缩写成 there’s, there are 可以缩写成 there’re。在句中be 动词的后面如果有两个并列主语时,be的形式取决于紧挨着be的主语,若主语是单数用is,若是复数用are. 如,
There’re two children and a woman in the room. 房间里有两个孩子和一位妇女。
There’s a ruler and two pens in the box. 盒子里有一把尺子和两支钢笔。
总之,there be结构是一种客观存在的“有”,强调存在关系。have表示“拥有,占有,具有”,即, 某人有某物(sb. have/ has sth.),强调所有关系. 主语一般是名词或代词,与主语是所属关系。如,
I have two brothers and one sister.我有两个兄弟,一个姐姐。
That house has four rooms. 那所房子有四个房间。
请利用口诀来巧学它们的区别:“有”译法要注意,能加“在”用there be.
3.Thanks的用法
Thanks for +名词 表示“由于某事而感谢”
Thanks for your kindness.谢谢你的好意。
Thanks for +doing 表示“由于做某事而感谢”
Thanks a lot for writing to me.多谢你写信给我。
4.busy的用法
be busy in doing 忙于做某事。
be busy with sth忙于某事。
5.because; because of“因为”
Because后面接从句,一般可以与not…but..连用。如
I did it not because I liked it but because I had to do it.我做它并不是因为我喜欢,而是我必须要做。
Because of后面接名词。如We didn’t have a nice weekend because of the rain.我们周末因为下雨没有过好。
6.Prefer的用法preferred
prefer+n.更喜欢 Do you prefer coffee or tea 你喜欢咖啡还是茶?
prefer (doing)A to( doing)B喜欢(做)A胜过(做)B如,
My little dog Jack prefers bones to fish.我的小狗捷克喜欢骨头而不喜欢鱼。
Manager Lee is the person who prefers doing to talking.李经理是一个喜欢多做少说的人。
7.英语中多个时间的排列顺序
通常情况下,如果同一个句子中有年,月,日,星期,其排列顺序一般是星期,月,日,年。如,He was born on Friday January sixth 1990.
假若在句末同时出现几个时间状语,通常按表示时间的确切程度排列,即确切的时间在前,较笼统的时间在后,或者说表示较短的时间在前,表示较长的时间放在后。如I saw the film on Tuesday evening last week.
如果认为表示时间较长的那个状语更为重要,较短的时间单位仅是一种追想和补述,也可以把表示时间较长的状语放在较短的时间之前。如
We arrived yesterday afternoon, about five o’clock.
d) 有时为了加强语气,突出重点或进行对比,可以把表示一段时间的状语放在句首。注意不能不表示某一点的时间孤立地放在句首。但当表示“某一点”和“一段”时间结合在一起连用时,它们可以位于句首。
Yesterday I met her friend at three o’clock in the street.
8.whole,all
whole与all作为形容词,都有“整个的,完全的”意思,但用法略有不同。 与复数名词连用时,whole强调“整个的”,all表示“所有的”
all和whole在句子中的位置不同,all放在限定词之前,whole放在限定词之后。如
all the time the whole time全部的时间
9.House, home, family
house住宅;指居住的房屋,强调住所;family家,家庭,家里的人。不是指住房和处所,强调家人;home家。指同家人共同生活的地方,不一定含有建筑物的意思,可以在船上,窑洞或帐篷里组织家庭,特别强调家里的氛围和环境。Home还是一个带有感彩的词。
◆unit6 I’m more outgoing than my sister.
目标语言:talk about personal traits and compare people
重点句型:Tom is funnier than Paul.
Tina is taller than Tara.
Tom is more athletic than Sam.
Is Tom smarter than Sam
Liu Li has more than one sister.
Liu Ying is not as good at sports as her sister.
My friend is the same as me.
For me, a good friend likes to do the same things as me.
What does he look like
He is short / tall / thin / heavy / beautiful / athletic /fit
He has short /curly hair /medium build /height
What is he like
He is outgoing /easygoing /naughty
He is a wild /calm /serious smart /funny boy.
He is talented /outstanding /famous /creative/unusual /kind….
Is that Sam
No, that’s Tom.He has shorter hair than Sam and he’s calmer than Sam . He is more athletic than me.
As you can see, In some ways we look the same and in some ways
We look different.
My friend is the same as me.
A friend likes to do the same thing as me .
I like to have friends who are different from me .
We both like doing the same things.
He always beats me in tennis
I like to have friends who are different from me.
Call English Study Center at 443-5667 for more information.
We asked some people what they think and this is what they said
However, we both enjoy going to parties.
重点词组:
1. 在某些方面 in some ways 2. 看起来一样 look the same
3. 看起来不同 look different 4. 喜欢参加晚会 enjoy going to the parties
5. 多于; 超过 more than 6. 共用; 共有 in common
7. 同…一样… as…as 8. 擅长; 在…方面做得好 be good at
9. 与…一样 the same as 10. 使我大笑 make me laugh
11. 大多数 most of 12. 与…不同 be different from
13. 相反的观点 opposite views 14. 善待孩子们 be good with children
15. 喜欢讲笑话 enjoy telling jokes 16. 招聘老师 teacher wanted
17. 停止讲话 stop talking 18. 呆在家 stay at home
19.enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事, like doing sth 喜欢做某事,
practice doing sth. 练习做某事, mind doing sth. 介意做某事,
finish doing sth. 完成某事, give up doing sth. 放弃做某事,
keep doing sth. 坚持做某事. can’t stand doing sth.忍不住做某事
have fun doing sth. 做某事很愉快
即:practice, mind, finish, give up, keep, can’t stand, have fun等与enjoy用法相似。
20. 以……开始begin / start with 21. 以……结束end with
22. 用……来做……use… to do… 23. 全中国around China=all over China
24. 自那以后after that 25. 另一方面(边)on the other hand =on the opposite
知识点:
1.形容词比较,最高等级的规则形式
构成法单音节词末尾加-er和-est 原级greatclever 比较级greatercleverer 最高级greatestcleverest
2. 单音节词以-e结尾,只加-r和-st bravefine braverfiner bravestfinest
3.闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母,先双写这个辅音字母再加-er和-est bighot biggerhotter biggesthottest
4.以辅音字母加y ,先变y 为i ,再加-er和-est happy happier happiest
5.其他双音节和多音节在前面加more 和most difficult more difficult mostdifficult
.形容词比较等级的不规则形式
原级 比较级 最高级
good / well better best
bad/ill worse worst
many / much more most
little less least
old older / elder oldest / eldest
far farther / further farthest / furthest
latetiredglad Latermore tiredmore glad Latestmore tiredmore glad
比较级与of the two连用时,在比较极前加the,如
I am the taller of the two.两个人中我的个子比较高。
【注意】修饰比较级的词有even, still, far, a lot, much, a little。但very, too, so , quite, rather,nice等词修饰原级。
2.Both用法
both单独作主语时其谓语动词用复数形式。如,Both are intellectual.
both of后接名词,代词的复数形式,接名词时须与定冠词the或形容词性物主代词my, his, her等词连用。Both of us are doctors.
both还可以作形容词,意思为“二者;两者都”. Both her eyes are red.
Both的否定属部分否定,意思为“并非两者都。。。”,全部否定用either…or或neither表示。Both of us are not good at English.我们两个不都擅长英语。
Either of us is not good at English.=Neither of us is good at English.我们两个都不擅长英语。
both…and…。。。。和。。。都,即。。。又。。。。both…and..一般连接对等的词,短语或从句,本短语可相当于not only…but also,其反义词组为neither…nor…(….和…都不…).
3.look the same, look like
look the same意思为“看上去很象;看上去一样”如,Although they are sisters, they don’t look the same.虽然他们是姐妹,但他们看起来不相象。
look like意思为“看上去像”,后面要接名词或代词意思才能表达完整。如They look like each other.。
4.as…as…….与….一样,表示两个人或事物在某一方面程度相同时,用“as+形容词或副词原形+as”的句型,其中第一个as是副词,修饰后面的形容词或副词,而第二个as是连词,连接比较状语从句,从句中与主句相同的部分往往省略。如:His drawing is as good as mine. Frank runs as fast as Sam.
【注意】as..as..的否定句是not as…as…或not so …as…表示某人或某物在某一方面不及其他人或物。
Liu Ying isn’t as/so smart as Liu Yang.
Pedro doesn’t jump as/so high as Paul.
5. It is +adj.+ for sb.+ to do sth.对某人来说做某事是。。。的,句子的真正主语是后面的不定式短语。如果后面没有不定式短语,则本句是一个“主语+系动词+表语+其他“的简单句。如:It is relaxing for me to have a shower..
6.选择疑问句
选择疑问句由“一般疑问句+or+选项”构成,如果有多个选项,则前几项间用逗号相隔,最后一项前用or连接,or意思为“或者,还是”. 如:Do you like to go fishing,boating,swimming or shopping
【注意】选择疑问句的答语不用“Yes”或“No ”,其回答为几种情况。如:
--Would you like coffee or tea
--Coffee/ Tea, please.或 Both, please. (都要)或 Neither(都不要)或Either is OK.(什么都行)
有特殊疑问句加选项构成的选择疑问句。
Who is taller, Ling Fang or Lin Ping Lin Ping is taller.
7. 定冠词的用法
定冠词the用来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。
1) 特指双方都明白的人或物:Take the medicine. 把药吃了。
2) 上文提到过的人或事: He bought a house. I've been to the house.他买了幢房子。我去过那幢房子。
3) 指世上独一物二的事物: the sun, the sky, the moon, the earth
4) 单数名词连用表示一类事物,如:the dollar 美元; the fox 狐狸;或与形容词或分词连用,表示一类人:the rich 富人; the living 生者。
5) 用在序数词和形容词最高级,及形容词only, very, same等前面:
Where do you live I live on the second floor. 你住在哪?我住在二层。
That's the very thing I've been looking for. 那正是我要找的东西。
6) 与复数名词连用,指整个群体:
They are the teachers of this school.(指全体教师)
They are teachers of this school. (指部分教师)
7) 表示所有,相当于物主代词,用在表示身体部位的名词前:
She caught me by the arm.. 她抓住了我的手臂。
8) 用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级、等专有名词前:
the People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国
the United States 美国
9) 用在表示乐器的名词之前: She plays the piano. 她会弹钢琴。
10) 用在姓氏的复数名词之前,表示一家人:
the Greens 格林一家人 (或格林夫妇)
11) 用在惯用语中:
in the day, in the morning (afternoon,evening), the day after tomorrow the day before yesterday, the next morning, in the sky (water,field,country), in the dark, in the rain, in the distance, in the middle (of), in the end, on the whole, by the way,
8.冠词在形容词比较等级中的运用
1)不定冠词在形容词的比较级中的使用
a)在含有比较意义的上下文中,若形容词后有名词或替代词one,则形容词的比较级前使用不定冠词。
This coat is a bit larger.Give me a smaller one.
b)形容词的比较级和否定副词连用时,表示最高级含义,此时比较级前用不定冠词。
结构“否定词+不定冠词+比较级+单数名词
How beautifully she sings! I have never heard a better voice.
c)为了加强语气,常在形容词的最高级前使用不定冠词,这时并没有比较的含义,相当于“very+原级”This is an easiest question.
2)定冠词的使用
a)在“两者中较……的一个”句型结构中使用定冠词
主+is the+形容词比较级+of the two+名词复数
The little boy chose the bigger of the two apples.
Which (who) is the +形容词比较级+名词,AorB
Which is the larger country, Canada or China
b)the+形容词比较级,the+形容词比较级 是固定句型,越……就越……
The older we grow, the poorer our memory will become.
c)形容词最高级用“the”
the+形容词最高级+(名词)+比较范围
He is the busiest man in our office.
One of the+形容词最高级+(名词复数)+比较范围
The Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in China.
The +序数词+形容词最高级+名词+比较范围
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
Which is the+形容词最高级+A,B or C
Which subject is the most difficult Chinese,English or math
9.a number of, the number of
a large number of 相当于a lot of,指“大量的,许多的“,a small number of指“少量的,不多的”,后面接可数名词,谓语动词用复数形式。
A large number of people are walking on the square.很多人在广场上散步。
The number of..指“…..的数量”谓语动词一般用单数
The number of the girls is smaller than that of the boys in our class.我们班女生的数量比男生少。
10.way的词组
in some ways在某些方面 In some ways we are different from each other.
in the way挡住路,防碍的 Please don’t stand in the way.
by the way顺便说一下 By the way, how could I find you
on the way to在……的路上 On the way home I met my old friend.
11.look, watch, see
Look指有意识地使视线对着某物,强调看的动作,常用look at+某物
See指自然地看见,并反映在眼里或头脑里,强调结果。
Watch则指有意识地以期待,警觉等心情看上一段时间,常为“观看”
◆unit 7 How do you make a banana smoothie
目标语言:Describe a process and follow instructions
重点句型:How do you make a banana smoothie 你如何做香蕉思奶昔
First ,peel three bananas 首先剥三个香蕉
Then cut up the bananas. 切碎香蕉。
Put the bananas and yogurt in to the blender. 将香蕉和酸奶倒人果汁机。
Pour the milk into the blender. 把牛奶倒入果汁机里。
Next turn on the blender. 接下来打开果汁机。
Finally drink the smoothie.
Let’s make fruit salad.
Let me think.
How many bananas do we need We need three bananas.
Do you like lettuce in sandwiches Yes, I do.
Finally, mix it all up. 最后把它混合在一起。
How much yogurt do we need 需要多少酸奶?
How many apples do we need 需要多少苹果?
Then add the ingredients to the noodles. 然后将佐料放在面条里。
First, put the butter on a slice of bread. 首先, 将黄油涂在一片面包上。
Turn on the blender for about two minutes. 打开果汁机大约两分钟。
重点词组:
1. 奶昔milk smoothie 2. 把……倒人pour…into…
3. 打开turn on 关turn off 调大,调亮turn up 调小,调暗turn down
4. 把……放入……内put…into/in... 5. 两茶匙调味品2 teaspoons of relish
6. 切碎cut up 7. 把……加入……中add…to…
8. 混合在一起mix up 9. make a banana smoothie 做香蕉奶昔
10. 混合在一起 mix up 11. 一片面包 a slice of bread
12. 把…放在…上 put…on… 13. 在顶部 on the top
14. 一个…的食谱 a recipe for 15. 剥去香蕉皮 peel the bananas
16. 多少 how many/much 17. 做水果沙拉 make fruit salad
18. 一杯 a cup of
知识点:
1.how many& how much
我们知道many修饰可数名词,much修饰不可署名词,所以同样how many+可数名词复数形式;how much+不可数名词。
2.重点词汇讲解
add…to …把…加到…eg.Add the mayonnaise to the crust.把蛋黄酱加到面包片上。
cut up切碎 eg.Cut up the carrot.把胡萝卜切碎。
pour…into/to..…把…倒入…eg. Pour the tea into/to the glass.把茶到入玻璃杯中。
mix up混合在一起,注意“mix+代词/名词+up”和“mix up+名词”
turn off关闭(电器)turn down把声音调小turn up把声音调大 turn on打开(电器)
first, next, then, finally这几个时间副词一般放在列举事物,行为的前面表示次序。First“首先,第一”,next“接下来”,then“然后”,finally“最后”。First和finally用在排序的开头和结尾,next, then可以互换。如果需要,还可以多次出现(但应该避免多次重复)
3.in& into
一般来说,in表示位置“在….里”,而into强调一种动作趋势,表示“向….里”
There is a house in the picture. He walks into the garden.
有时在表示终止的动作的动词后两个词都可以用。Into是动态介词,强调过程;in是静态介词,强调结果。
Pour the tea into/in the cup.
在go, walk, come, run等词后接into,后面通常再跟名词,表示“去/走/来/跑到….里”
He runs into his bedroom.他跑进他的卧室。(强调从外面“跑进卧室”)
4.Begin&begin with
Begin”某事开始,开始某事“
Classes begin at eight.八点上课。
Begin with“以。….开始“
I shall begin with this book today.
5.excited,exciting
两者都是形容词。Excited意思为“感到激动的,感到兴奋的”,与共搭配的常是某人;exciting意思为“令人激动的,令人兴奋的”,与其相搭配的常是某事物。
I am very excited at the exciting news.这个令人兴奋的消息让我很激动。
类似的单词还有interested, interesting, relaxing, relaxed
He’s very interested in this interesting story.他对这个有趣的事很感兴趣。
The relaxing program made me relaxed.这个轻松的节目使我觉得很放松。
6.make, do ,be
make意思为“制造;制作”Made in China.
do指不确定的某种活动。He does his homework in the afternoon.
be意思为“作为,成为”。What do you want to be when you grow up
7.hope与wish的区别主要表现在以下几个方面:
A.hope与wish都可以跟动词不定式(hope/wish to do sth.),但wish to do sth.比较正式,口气也比较强烈,而hope to do sth.所表达的愿望是最容易实现的,也就是说,是最现实的。
1.Jennie hoped to give her a good education.珍妮希望给她良好的教育。
2.You might tell them that I hope to be back tomorrow night.你可以告诉他们,我想明晚返回。
3.I wish to express my warmest welcome to you.我愿向您表示最热烈的欢迎。
4.I don't wish to leave my mother.我不希望离开母亲。
B.wish之后可以跟含有动词不定式的复合宾语(wish sb.to do sth.),而hope却没有这种用法(×hope sb.to do sth)。
1.Why don't you wish your son to accept this post?为什么你不希望你儿子接受这个职位?
2.You know I wish you to be happy,don't you?你知道我希望你幸福,你知道吗?
C.hope与wish都可以跟从句,但意义和用法全然不同:从用法上讲,hope之后的宾语从句的谓语动词使用陈述语气的一般将来时或一般现在时。从意义上说,hope所表达的希望是能够实现的。而wish之后的宾语从句的谓语动词则只能使用虚拟语气,而所表达的愿望是无法实现的(宾语从句使用动词过去时或过去完成时)或难以实现的(宾语从句使用would do或could do时)。
1.I hope you will like(或like)the flowers.(能实现的愿望)我希望你喜欢这些花。
2.I wish I were a bird.(不能实现的愿望)我希望我是一只鸟儿。
3.A:“It would be nice if you had a lot of money.”如果你有许多钱就好了。
B:“I do wish I had!”(=If only I had!)(与现在事实相反的愿望)我真希望能够这样。
4.I wish I could have been at the committee yesterday.(与过去事实相反的愿望)要是昨天我能参加委员会会议就好了。
D.有时候,wish可用来表示一种客气的请求:
I wish you wouldn't smoke any more.我希望你不要再吸烟了。
E.wish可用在wish+间宾+直宾(I wish you success.)结构中,而hope却不能。
8.祈使句的用法
a)相关口令 :祈使句无主语,主语you常省去; 动词原形谓语当,句首加don’t否定变; 朗读应当用降调,句末常标感叹号。
b)表现形式
●肯定结构:
1. Do型(即:动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分)。如:Please have a seat here. 请这边坐。
有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下,动词可省略。如:This way, please. = Go this way, please. 请这边走。
2. Be型(即:Be + 表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分)。如: Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子!
3. Let型(即:Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分)。如:Let me help you. 让我来帮你。
●否定结构:
1. Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加don’t构成。如:Don’t forget me! 不要忘记我! Don’t be late for school! 上学不要迟到!
2. Let型的否定式有两种:“Don’t + let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分”和“Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形 + 其它成分”。如: Don’t let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。
c) 有些可用no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。如:No smoking! 禁止吸烟!No fishing! 禁止钓鱼!
9.Sick与ill都是形容词“病的,不适的“,两者的用法有点不同。Sick既可以用在系动词后做表语,有可用在名词前作定语;而ill只能用在系动词后做表语。
She is a sick woman.她是个病人。She is ill她生病了。
10.follow的用法
follow作为及物动词时,有以下几种意思:跟,跟随;追随,追从You go first and I will follow you.你先走,我跟着你。Spring follows winter.冬去春来。
循沿,顺….走:Follow this road to the bridge.沿这条路走到桥头。=go along.
从事,经营:follow a trade做买卖,follow the law从事法律工作
遵循,遵从:follow a person’s advice听从人家的忠告
领会,理解:Do you follow me =understand 你能听清楚我的话吗?
【注意】follow的宾语后面不能跟不定式,只能跟介词短语。如:“请跟我读这个句子。“应该说Please read the sentence after me,而不能说成Please follow me to read the sentence. “他跟着我进了屋。”应该成He followed me into the room.
follow也可以作不及物动词,作“跟,随”。No one knows what may follow.谁也不知道接着会发生什么事?
as follows 是一种习惯用语,表示“如下”,如,The plan is as follows.计划如下。
following可以作形容词,也可以作名词。如,the following week=the next week下周,the following three sentences=the next three sentences下面三个句子
the following作主语时,谓语是单数还是复数取决于句子的意思。
11.cover的用法
cover盖,遮,覆cover…with用…盖上(遮住),cover one’s eyes with hands用手遮住眼睛,be covered with覆盖着;盖满着,The field is covered with snow.田野里一片积雪。Cover还可以作名词,“盖子,套子,封面”a sofa cover沙发套,read a book from cover to cover全卷通读。
12.Need的用法
Need既可作实意动词,也可作情态动词。
need作实意动词时,可用于各种句型之中,表示不同的意义。用法为need to do, need doing=need to be done
How many bananas do you need 你需要几个香蕉?
You don’t need to do it at once.你不必马上做那件事。
need作为情态动词时,一般只用于否定句和疑问句,情态动词不能独立作谓语,必须和动词原形一起构成谓语,也就是说need作情态动词时,后面必须接动词原形。如,You needn’t go this week.本周你不必去。
Need he go at once Yes, he must. No, he needn’t.他马上就得走吗?是的,他必须马上走。/不,他不必马上走。
【注意】用must引导的问句,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t.如
Must I go now Yes, you must. No, you needn’t.
我现在必须走吗?是的,你必须走。不,你不必走。
13.First作数词,“第一”,the first month of the year一年的一个月,the first of August八月一日/Aug.1st
作形容词,“第一流的”;“最重要的”,the first man in the country国家的领袖人物
作名词,“最初,首位”,at first起初,首先,from first to last自始至终
作副词,“第一次;最初;首先”,When did you first meet him 你在什么时候初次遇见他的?
Next作形容词,“下…;来…(时间上),next Sunday下星期天,next week下周,next summer明年夏天,此时的next相当于following.
【注意】the next week则表示以过去某一时间来说的下一周,可翻译成“第二个周”。比较:I will go to see him next week.我下周去看他。
I saw him the next week.我是在那以后第二个周见到他的。
作形容词,“隔壁的,最近的(空间上)”,next door临家,隔壁,next room隔壁(房间)
作名词,“下一个”,the year after next后年,Next, please!下一位!
作副词,“下一次,其次”,When shall we meet next 下次我们什么时候见面?
作介词,“在…近旁”,a seat next the fire炉子旁边的座位。
Then作副词,表示“当时(指过去=at that time);“到那时侯(指将来)
I was in school then.那时我在上学。
作副词,“然后,其次,于是”,First comes spring, then summer.先春天,后夏天。
He went to England, and then to Germany.他先到了英国,然后又去了德国。
作副词,“那么”Then why did you do it 那么你为什么干这件事呢?
作名词,“那时“(作介词宾语),by then到那时,from then on从那时以后,since then从那时起,till then 到那时为止
Finally作副词,“最后,终于“相当于at last/in the end
He worked out the math problem finally.他终于解出了那道数学题。
14.also, too, either
都表示“也” ,但是用法有所不同,also通常用于正式场合,多用于肯定句,一般放在谓语动词之前。Too语气较轻,通常用于口语,但只能用于肯定句。Either是too的反义词,它只能用于否定句。
【注意】also也可以用于否定句,但必须置于否定词之前,不能在否定词之后或句尾。
I also can’t speak English.我也不会说英语。
15.read…to…读给…听 I will read an interesting passage to you .=I will read you an interesting passage .我给你念一段有趣的文章。
read….for…替…念…I will read this letter for you.我替你念这封信。
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