2021年中考英语新题型专题：语法填空词性转换+练习题（含答案）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2021年中考语法填空词性转换及练习
一、动词变名词
1、v+
ment
结尾
achieve
——
achievement
成就
advertise
——
advertisement
广告
agree
——
agreement
同意
amuse——amusement
娱乐
commit
——
commitment
奉献
develop
——
development
发展
disagree
——
disagreement
不赞同
equip
装备——
equipment
装备，器材
govern
统治
——
government
政府
manage——management
经营，管理
argue
——
argument
争吵
2、V+
ion
结尾
attract
——
attraction
吸引
discuss
——
discussion
讨论
express
——-expression
词语；表达
instruct
——
instruction
指导，
介绍
invent——
invention
发明
predict
——prediction
预言
impress
——
impression
印象
suggest
——suggestion
建议，暗示
educate
——
education
教育
graduate
——
graduation
毕业
operate
——
operation
操作，动手术
illustrate
——
illustration
阐明，举例说明
pollute
——
pollution
污染
introduce
——introduction
介绍
organize
——organization组织
imagine
——
imagination
想象力
inspire——inspiration
灵感，鼓舞人心的
invite
——
invitation
邀请
compete
——
competition
竞争，比赛
pronounce
——pronunciation发音
admit
——
admission
承认
permit
——
permission
允许
conclude
——
conclusion
结论
decide
——
decision
决定
describe
——
description描写，描绘
resolve
——
resolution
决心
solve
——solution
解决方法
3、V+
ance
结尾
allow
——
allowance
允许
appear
——
appearance
外貌
，出现
perform
——
performance
演出
exist
——
existance
存在
4、V+
ing
结尾
end
——
ending
结尾，结局
train
——training训练
mean
——
meaning
意义
say——
saying
谚语
remind
——
reminding提醒
bathe
——bathing沐浴
5、词尾加-er或-or后变成表示“某一类人”的名词
work——worker
工人
teach——teacher老师
sing——singer
歌手
jump——jumper跳高运动员
play——player表演者、运动员
learn——learner
学习者
visit——visitor访问者
invent——inventor发明家
act——
actor/
actress
男演员/女演员
6、V+
其他
beg——beggar
乞丐
sit——seat
座位
believe
——
belief
信仰
behave
——
behavior
行为
know——
knowledge
知识
fly——
flight
飞行
mix
——
mixture
混合物
press
——
pressure
压力
serve
——
service
服务
succeed
——success
成功
pursue
——
pursuit
追求，从事
propose
——
proposal
建议
withdraw
——
withdrawal
取钱；收回；撤退
survive
——
survival--survivor
幸存者
arrive
——
arrival到达
analyze
——
analysis
分析
二、形容词变名词
1、词尾ent改为ency或ence
efficient有效率的——efficiency
效率
patient——patience/impatience
耐性/无耐心
dependent——dependence依赖性
independent——independence
独立性
urgent——urgency
紧急
2、ble结尾，ble改为bility
possible——possibility
可能
responsible——responsibility
责任；职责
able——
ability
3、其他
accurate——accuracy
准确性
prosperous——prosperity
繁荣
true——truth
真相
wide——width
宽度
long——length
长度
high——height
高度
三、名词/动词变形容词
1、名词+y
honest
——
honesty
诚实的
guilt
罪恶——guilty
内疚的
health——healthy
健康的
luck——lucky
幸运的
cloud——cloudy
多云的
wind—windy
多风的
rain——rainy
多雨的
snow——snowy
多雪的
tourist
——
touristy
游客多的
er结尾，改er为ry
hunger——hungry
饥饿的
anger
——
angry
生气的
fog——
foggy
有雾的
sun——
sunny
阳关灿烂的
fur——
furry
毛皮的
shine——shiny
发亮的
taste
——
tasty
美味的
2、名词/动词+
ed
以辅音+辅音结尾的单词，直接加ed
talent
——
talented
有天赋的
offend
——offended
生气的
crowd
——crowded
拥挤的
以元音字母e结尾的单词直接加d
balance
——
balanced
平衡的
organize——organized
有组织的
pollute
——polluted
被污染的
please
——pleased
高兴的
元音加辅音结尾的单词，词尾辅音双写再加ed
spot
——
spotted
有斑点的
3．名词+
ful/less
care
——
careful/
careless
小心的/
粗心的
help——
helpful
/
helpless
有帮助的/
无助的
use——
useful/
useless有用的
/
无用的
meaning
——
meaningful
/
meaningless有意义的/无意义的
colour——
colourful
/colourless多彩的/无色的
pain
——painful
/painless痛苦的/
不痛的
thank——
thankful
/
thankless
充满感激的/
不知感恩的
3、名词/动词+ful/less
peace
和平
——
peaceful
和平的
play游戏
——
playful
爱玩耍的
home
——
homeless
无家可归的
4、名词/动词+
able
change
——
changeable
易变的
adjust——adjustable
可调整的
comfort——comfortable
舒适的
knowledge——knowledgeable
知识渊博的
suit
——suitable
合适的
动词以辅音加y结尾
把y变i
加able
deny——
deniable
可否认的
rely——
reliable
可靠的
5、名词+
ous
courage——courageous
勇敢的
danger——
dangerous
危险的
以y结尾，改y为i再加ous
mystery
神秘——
mysterious
神秘的
6、ce
变
t
confidence——
confident
自信的
difference——different
不同的
dependence
——
dependent
依赖他人的
independence——
independent
独立的
importance——
important
重要的
7、词尾加
al
addition——
additional
附加的，额外的
music——
musical
音乐的
person——personal
私人的
nation——
national
国家的
education——educational有教育意义的
tradition——
traditional
传统的
origin起源——original
新颖的；独创的
accident——accidental
意外的，偶然的
以元音字母结尾的单词，去掉词尾元音加al
nature——natural
自然的
globe——
global
全球的
特例：
class——
classical
经典的
medicine
药——medical
医学的
grammar——
grammatical
语法的
8、名词+
ly
friend——
friendly
友好的
live——lively
活跃的，有生气的
love——lovely
可爱的
week——weekly
每周的
man——manly
男子气概的；强壮的
9、词尾+
en
wood——
wooden
木制的
wool——
woolen
羊毛的
10、表示方位的词
East——eastern
West——western
South——southern
North——northern
11、四大洲
Asia
亚洲——
Asian
Africa
非洲——African
Europe欧洲——
European
America
美洲——American
12、其他
energy精力——energetic
精力充沛的
strategy——strategic
战略的
scientist——scientific
科学的
fool
傻子——foolish
愚蠢的
love——loving
慈爱的
pride——proud
自豪的
pleasure——pleasant令人愉快的/
pleased高兴的
三、形容词变动词
1、词尾加ize
modern——modernize
使...现代化
social——socialize
使...社会化
2、词尾加en
fast——fasten
使固定；集中于
short——
shorten
缩短
wide——widen
放宽
less——lessen
使...减少
特例（有变形）：
long——lengthen
使延长
strong
——strengthen
加强；巩固
3、词前加en
large
——
enlarge
扩大；放大
四、形容词变副词
1、形容词+
ly
bad——badly
坏地
bright——brightly
明亮地
casual——casually
随意地
clear——clearly
清楚地
complete——completely
完全
correct——correctly
正确地
final——finally
最后
fortunate——fortunately幸运地
general——generally
一般来讲
loud——loudly
大声地
particular
——particularly特别地
polite——politely
礼貌地
proper
——properly适当地
main——mainly
主要地
most
——mostly
多半，大多数
normal——normally
正常地
quick——quickly
迅速地
quiet——quietly
轻轻地，安静地
real——really
真正地
recent
——recently
最近；近来
sad——sadly
悲哀地
slow——slowly
缓慢地
special——specially
专门，特殊地
specific——specifically
特定地，明确地
strong——strongly
坚决地，
强烈地
sudden——suddenly突然
usual——usually
通常
2、以le
结尾的，
去e
+
y
comfortable——comfortably
舒服地
gentle——gently
温柔地
possible——possibly
可能地
simple——simply
仅仅；只；简单地
terrible——terribly
非常；极度地
3、辅音字母+
y
变y为
ily
easy——easily
容易地
heavy——heavily
沉重地
happy——happily
快乐地
4、特殊
good——well好地
true——truly
真实地
小试牛刀
长沙市2020-2021-2初中学业水平考试白卷
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Technology
helps
us
know
more
information.
But
the
news
is
not
always
51
(use)for
us.We
should
find
out
whether
it
is
necessary
to
read
before
we
read
it.
And
that’s
52
I
think
public
schools
should
offer
media
literacy(媒体素养)
courses.
Media
literacy
refers
to
the
ability
to
read
and
understand
any
kind
of
media.
And
it's
important
in
both
life
53
learning.
Unluckily,
it
is
a
skill
that
many
people
don't
seem
54
(have
).In
the
past,
55.
unreal
story
about
a
woman
winning
the
lottery(彩票)was
shared
more
than
1.
77
million
times
on
social
media.
Unreal
information
can
spread
far
when
people
don’t
have
media
literacy.
However,
there
are
some
56
(way
)to
solve
this
problem.
If
kids
57
(teach)media
literacy
in
schools,
they
will
master
the
skills.
Many
of
58
(they)are
simple-for
example,
being
able
to
take
a
look
at
a
news
website
and
59
(quick
)tell
if
it
is
true.
The
future
of
the
media
will
only
get
more
crowded
as
time
goes
60
.So
it
is
important
for
kids
to
learn
these
skills.
Learning
to
separate
fact
from
much
information
will
help
kids
properly
receive
information
as
they
grow
up.
长沙市2020-2021-2初中学业水平考试黑卷
I
was
shy
and
always
didn’t
know
how
to
start
a
talk
with
others.
Once
I
was
asked
to
be
a
volunteer
to
join
a
group
and
prepare
for
51
activity.Some
volunteers
were
busy
collecting
materials.
In
order
to
join
52
(they
)
,I
worked
up
my
courage
and
came
up
to
them
.Then
I
asked53
could
do
for
them.
However,
one
of
the
volunteers
who
seemed
a
little
busy
said,
"No,thank
you.”
Realizing
I
54
(refuse
),
I
stood
there
with
great
embarrassment(尴尬).Then,
I
walked
away
with
my
head
down.
When
I
went
to
them
the
55
(two)time,a
volunteer
saw
me.
He
talked
56
me
that
there’s
some
work
to
do,
and
they
needed
my
help.
While
I
was
working,
the
volunteer
57
(introduce
)
his
classmates
to
me,
With
his
warm
help,
I
felt
less
nervous,starting
talking
with
them
58.
(comfortable).
Since
then,
I
have
become
more
outgoing.
I
like
to
join
59
(club)
and
make
friends.
I
am
60
（thank）to
the
volunteer.
What
a
nice
person
he
is!
2021年长沙市初中学业水平考试模拟试卷（三）
What
is
standard
(标准的)
English?
Is
it
spoken
in
Britain,
the
US,Canada,
Australia,
India
and
New
Zealand?
Believe
it
or
not,
there
is
no
such
thing
as
standard
English.
Many
people
believe
the
English
spoken
on
TV
and
the
radio
51.___________
standard
English.
This
is
because
in
the
early
days
of
radio,
those
who
reported
the
news
were
expected
52.___________
(speak)
excellent
English.
However,
on
TV
and
the
radio
you
will
hear
differences
in
the
way
people
speak.
When
people
use
words
and
expressions
53.___________
(differ)from
the
“standard
language",
it
is
called
a
dialect
(方言）.
American
English
has
many
dialects,
54.___________
(especial)
the
midwestern,
southern,
African
American
and
Spanish
dialects.
Even
in
some
parts
of
the
USA,
two
people
from
neighbouring
towns
speak
a
little
differently.
American
English
has
so
many
55.
___________(dialect)
because
people
have
come
from
all
over
the
world.Geography
also
plays
a
part
in
56.
___________
(make)dialects.
Some
people
who
live
in
the
mountains
of
the
eastern
USA
speak
with
an
older
kind
of
English
dialect.
When
Americans
moved
from
one
place
to
another,
they
took
their
dialect
57.
___________
them.
So
people
from
the
mountains
in
the
southeastern
USA
speak
with
almost
58.
___________
same
dialect
as
people
in
the
northwestern
USA.
The
USA
is
a
large
county
in
which
many
different
dialects
59.___________
speak.
60.___________
many
Americans
move
a
lot,
they
still
recognize(识别）and
understand
each
other’
s
dialects.
2021年长沙市初中学业水平考试模拟试卷（四）
Chinese
Farmers'
Harvest(收获)
Festival
is
the
first
festival
in
China
for
farmers.
The
festival
51.___________
(start)
in
2018
and
falls
on
the
Autumnal
Equinox
(秋分)
each
year.
The
Autumnal
Equinox
is
one
of
the
24
solar
terms
(节气)
of
the
Chinese
lunar
calendar
and
usually
falls
52.
_________
September
22nd
and
24th,
in
the
country's
harvest
season.
Chinese
Farmers'
Harvest
Festival
shows
that
our
government
is
paying
more
attention
to
agriculture
and
farmers'
life.
It
will
53.
___________
(great)
encourage
farmers
to
farm
and
develop
further
modem
agriculture.
China
54.________
(have)
a
long
history
of
agriculture.
Chinese
Farmers'
Harvest
Festival
helps
to
show
what
Chinese
farming
culture
means
to
the
world.
It
also
connects
the
excellent
traditional
Chinese
culture
to
modem
civilization
(文明)
55.
____________
improves
the
self-confidence
and
national
pride.
Since
56.
___________
festival
is
especially
created
for
farmers,
they
57__________
(encourage)
to
think
of
their
own
ways
to
celebrate
harvest.
Also,
local
government
usually
hosts
all
kinds
of
58._____________
(activity)
for
the
festival,
such
as
folk
culture
performances,
food
tasting
and
so
on.
Some
people
think
the
festival
is
59.___________(happy)time
of
a
year,
even
better
than
the
Spring
Festival,
because
food
gives
people
sense
of
safety
and
hope.
For
other
people,
the
harvest
festival
is
a
time
60.___________
(look)
back
at
the
past
and
look
forward
to
the
future.
参考答案
长沙市2020-2021-2初中学业水平考试白卷
useful
52.why
53.and
54.to
have
55.an
56.ways
57.are
taught
58.them
59.quickly
60.by
长沙市2020-2021-2初中学业水平考试黑卷
an
52.them
53.what
54.was
refused
55.second
56.to
57.introduced
fortably
59.clubs
60.thankful
2021年长沙市初中学业水平考试模拟试卷（三）
51.is
52．to
speak
53．different
54．especially
55．dialects
56.making
57．with
58．the
59.are
spoken
60．Although/Though
2021年长沙市初中学业水平考试模拟试卷（四）
started
52．between
53．greatly
54．has
55．and
56．the
57．are
encouraged
58．activities
59．the
happiest
60．to
look
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