Unit
1 Laugh
out
loud!
Developing
ideas
【词汇知识·自主学习】
Ⅰ.
根据语境写出正确的单词
1.
sensitive
or
emotive
issues
敏感或使情绪激动的问题
2.
mischievous
style
of
writing
调皮的写作风格
3.
witty
remarks
风趣的评论
4.
everyday
interactions
日常交流
5.
get
a
shave
刮脸,
刮胡子
6.
that
strong
fellow
那个强壮的男人
7.
the
concept
of
humour
幽默的概念
8.
mark
the
spot
标明地点
9.
a
cruel
Roman
emperor
一个残忍的罗马皇帝
10.
whisper
something
in
the
lion’s
ear
在狮子耳旁小声说某事
11.
roar
with
laughter
大笑
12.
a
complicated
job
复杂的工作
13.
conclude
a
joke
结束一个笑话
Ⅱ.
根据语境选择恰当的词填空
1.
Peter
was
lying
on
the
sofa
doing
nothing
in
particular.
(in/on)
2.
After
he
had
been
in
prison
Peter
was
regarded
as
the
black
sheep
of
the
family.
(as/towards)
3.
Due
to
curiosity,
he
squeezed
himself
into
a
crowd
to
see
what
had
happened.
(for/to)
4.
We
wanted
to
throw
new
light
on
old
problems.
(in/on)
5.
Cross
out
the
numbers
when
you
hear
them.
(in/out)
6.
Do
not
call
on
individuals
to
answer—they
will
feel
put
on
the
spot.
(at/on)
7.
In
this
job
you
need
to
be
able
to
think
on
your
feet.
(in/on)
8.
Shelley
was
one
of
those
kids
who
was
always
getting
told
off
at
school.
(of/off)
9.
He
is
remembered
for
his
excellent
academic
achievement.
(as/for)
10.
The
little
girl
is
feeding
green
grass
to
a
lovely
sheep.
(on/to)
Ⅲ.
根据课文及汉意提示补全句子
1.
All
you
have
to
do
is
cross
out
the
wrong
words(删去错误的单词).
?
2.
For
instance,
while
on
a
lecturing
tour
of
the
United
States(在一次美国巡回演讲时),
Twain
went
into
a
barber’s
shop
to
get
a
haircut
and
a
shave.
?
3.
Like
Twain,
but
on
the
other
side
of
the
world,
Lin
Yutang
was
soon
to
become
famous
for
his
unique
brand
of
humour(因其独具一格的幽默而出名).
?
4.
First
came
a
lion(来的是一头狮子).
?
5.
“What
did
you
say
to
my
animals?
”
said
the
emperor,
astonished(惊讶的).
【阅读研析·合作学习】
Task
1 框架宏观建构:
整体理解?
In
the
texts
of
Ancient
Greece,
and
medieval
writings
Para.
1
these
same
jokes
might
not
be
as
funny
to
us
now
as
they
were
then,
but
humour
could
not
only
entertain
but
could
also
1.
throw
new
light
on
sensitive
or
emotive
issues
Mark
Twain
Para.
2
well
known
for
his
witty
2.
remarks
and
3.
particular
style
of
writing
Lin
Yutang
Paras.
3、4
brought
the
concept
of
4.
humour
to
modern
Chinese
literature
and
creatively
borrowed
“youmo”
Humor
is
mankind’s
greatest
blessing
Para.
5
a
way
of
life
and
a
tool
that
can
be
used
to
5.
illuminate
the
world
Task
2 文本微观剖析:
细节探究?
1.
Choose
the
best
answer.
(1)What
is
the
text
mainly
about?
A.
Mark
Twain.
B.
Lin
Yutang.
C.
Medieval
writings.
D.
Humour.
(2)What
did
Twain’s
response
to
the
barber
mean?
A.
He
felt
very
lucky.
B.
He
liked
standing.
C.
He
would
give
the
lecture.
D.
He
made
a
fool
of
the
barber.
(3)Which
of
the
following
can
be
true
of
Lin
Yutang?
A.
He
is
creative
and
quick-witted.
B.
He
was
able
to
talk
with
animals.
C.
He
borrowed
many
words
from
Ancient
Chinese
literature.
D.
He
was
respected
by
Mark
Twain.
(4)What’s
the
aim
of
telling
the
story
of
a
cruel
Roman
emperor?
A.
To
show
off
his
talent
of
telling
jokes.
B.
To
make
others
embarrassed.
C.
To
tell
others
the
fact
that
animals
are
wise.
D.
To
teach
the
president
a
lesson.
(5)Why
did
Mark
Twain
think
“Humor
is
mankind’s
greatest
blessing”?
A.
Humour
was
able
to
make
people
laugh.
B.
Humour
separates
people
from
their
enemies.
C.
Humour
is
almost
as
great
as
our
need
for
water
and
air.
D.
Humour
helped
him
a
lot
when
he
wrote
his
novels.
答案:
(1)～(5)DCADC
2.
Long
sentence
analysis.
(1)While
these
same
jokes
might
not
be
as
funny
to
us
now(while引导让步状语从句)as
they
were
then(as引导比较状语从句),
their
authors
understood
that
humour
could
not
only
entertain
but
also
throw
new
light
on
sensitive
or
emotive
issues(that引导宾语从句).
?
译文:
虽然这些相同的笑话对我们来说可能不像过去那么好笑,
但它们的作者明白,
幽默不仅可以娱乐,
而且可以为敏感或情绪化的问题带来新的启发。
(2)When
Twain
replied
that
he
didn’t(when引导时间状语从句,
that引导宾语从句),
the
barber
told
him
that
if
he
wanted
to
go
to
the
event
he
would
have
to
stand(that引导宾语从句,
if引导条件状语从句),
as
there
were
no
seats
left
in
the
theatre(as引导原因状语从句).
?
译文:
当马克·吐温回答说没有时,
理发师告诉他,
如果他想去参加这个活动,
他就得站着,
因为剧院里已经没有余座了。
Task
3 阅读思维升华:
主题实践?
(1)Do
you
think
of
yourself
as
a
humorous
person?
(Creative
Thinking创造性思维)
Yes.
I’m
funny
and
often
mischievous.
I
am
good
at
making
people
laugh.
.
.
?
(2)How
can
you
become
more
humorous?
(Divergent
Thinking发散性思维)
Just
as
the
equation
Lin
created,
“Reality
+Dreams+
Humour=Wisdom.
”,
if
a
person
wants
to
be
humorous,
he
should
understand
reality,
have
dreams,
and
learn
hard
to
be
wise.
?
【要点精研·探究学习】
1.
essential
adj.
极其重要的;
必不可少的
Which
clauses
are
separated
by
a
comma,
the
ones
with
essential
information
or
the
ones
with
extra
information?
哪些从句是用逗号分隔的,
是有基本信息的从句,
还是有附加信息的从句?
Advanced
technology
is
essential
to
the
advance
of
society.
先进的技术对社会的进步是极为重要的。
It’s
essential
for
citizens
to
know
that
the
haze
can
do
harm
to
people’s
health.
对市民来说,
了解雾霾能危害人们的健康是很有必要的。
It
is
essential
that
your
diet
(should)
be
varied
and
balanced.
你的饮食要多样化且均衡,
这至关重要。
【词块积累】
essential
n.
要素,
要点,
实质;
必需品
essentially
adv.
本质上;
本来
be
essential
to/for.
.
.
对……是要紧的
It
is/was
essential
that-clause
that从句中要用虚拟语气,
谓语动词用“should+动词原形”形式。
It
is
essential
(
for
sb.
)
to
do
sth.
(对某人来说)
做某事是极其重要的。
(1)语法填空。
①Catching
to
the
fashion
is
not
essential
to
the
happiness
of
all
women.
②She
added
a
few
characters
and
changed
some
names,
but
essentially(essential)
this
is
a
true
story.
③It
is
essential
that
students
(should)
get(get)
themselves
prepared
for
the
coming
future.
?
④The
charity
provides
homeless
people
with
essentials(essential)
like
food
and
clothing.
(2)写作升级(essential)。
①The
mental
and
physical
development
of
children
needs
a
healthy
environment.
→A
healthy
environment
is
essential
for/to
the
mental
and
physical
development
of
children.
?
②We
must
learn
about
the
customs
of
the
destination
country
before
we
visit
it.
→It
is
essential
that
we
(should)
learn
about/It
is
essential
for
us
to
learn
about
the
destination
country
before
we
visit
it.
?
2.
impress
v.
使钦佩,
使留下深刻印象
Watson
is
pleased
with
his
answer
which
he
thinks
will
impress
Holmes.
沃森对于他自己的回答感到满意,
他认为他的回答会给福尔摩斯留下深刻的印象。
She
impressed
the
audience
with
a
beautiful
song
at
the
stage.
她在舞台上演唱那首优美的歌曲给观众留下了深刻印象。
Our
boss
often
impresses
the
importance
of
creativity
on/upon
us.
我们老板经常让我们铭记创新的重要性。
His
speech
made
a
strong
impression
on
the
audience.
他的演讲给听众留下了深刻的印象。
The
building
looked
as
impressive
in
actuality
as
it
did
in
photographs.
这栋大楼外观雄伟,
与照片中所见一模一样。
【词块积累】
(1)impress
sth.
on/upon
sb.
使某人意识到某事的重要性或严重性
impress
sb.
with
sth.
对……印象深刻
be
impressed
by/with
对……印象深刻
It
impresses
sb.
that.
.
.
令某人佩服的是……
(2)make/leave/create
an
impression
on/upon
sb.
给某人一个印象
(3)impressive
adj.
给人印象深刻的;
感人的
【巧学助记】
Bob
is
a
boy
of
many
talents.
Last
week,
his
impressive
performance
at
the
concert
left
a
deep
impression
on
me.
However,
what
impressed
me
most
was
his
modest
manner.
鲍勃是一个多才多艺的男孩。上周,
他在音乐会上令人赞叹的演出给我留下了深刻的印象。然而,
令我印象最深刻的是他谦虚的举止。
(1)语法填空
①China—a
fast-developing
country—has
made
a
great
impression(impress)
on
the
foreign
guests.
②The
foreigners
here
are
greatly
impressed
with/by
the
fact
that
people
from
all
walks
of
life
are
working
hard
for
a
new
Tianjin.
③(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)Discover,
explore
and
enjoy
award-winning
Tullie
House,
where
historic
collections,
contemporary
art
and
family
fun
are
brought
together
in
one
impressive(impress)
museum
and
art
gallery.
(2)Your
art
skills
are
excellent
and
admirable,
which
leaves
me
a
deep
impression.
?
你的艺术技巧优秀且令人钦佩,
给我留下了深刻的印象。
3.
deserve
v.
应得;
应受到
We
all
deserve
a
second
chance,
I
guess.
我想我们都应该有第二次机会。
Since
he
had
broken
the
rule,
he
deserved
punishing/to
be
punished.
因为他违背了规定,
他应受惩罚。
He
has
worked
very
hard
and
deserves
to
pass
the
exam.
他学习很努力,
应该能通过考试。
He
didn’t
really
deserve
(that)
she
should
be
so
kind
to
him.
他确实不值得她对他那么好。
【词块积累】
deserve
to
do
应该做……;
值得做……
deserve
doing/to
be
done
值得被做
deserve
(that)-clause
应得;
应受到
【名师点津】deserve后跟v.
-ing的意义
deserve后跟v.
-ing的主动形式表示被动意义,
等于接动词不定式的被动形式,
即deserve
doing=deserve
to
be
done(有同样用法的动词还有:
need,
want,
require)
(1)语法填空。
①The
team
deserved
to
win
(win)
the
championship
because
they
played
much
better
than
any
of
the
other
teams.
?
②He
deserved
(deserve)
much
praise
due
to
helping
many
disabled
people.
(2)一句多译。
不管你是谁,
你都应该得到平等的对待。
①Whoever
you
are,
you
deserve
equal
treatment.
(deserve+n.
)?
②Whoever
you
are,
you
deserve
treating
equally.
(deserve+doing)?
③Whoever
you
are,
you
deserve
to
be
treated
equally.
(deserve+to
be
done)?
4.
spot
n.
地点;
处所
(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Because
the
moon’s
body
blocks
direct
radio
communication
with
a
probe,
China
first
had
to
put
a
satellite
in
orbit
above
the
moon
in
a
spot
where
it
could
send
signals
to
the
spacecraft
and
to
Earth.
由于月球的身体阻碍了与探测器的直接无线电通信,
中国首先必须将一颗卫星送入月球上方的轨道,
在那里它可以向航天器和地球发送信号。
Once,
having
been
invited
to
dinner
at
a
university,
he
was
put
on
the
spot
when
the
president
suddenly
asked
him
to
give
a
speech.
有一次,
他被邀请去一所大学吃饭,
当校长突然要求他发表演讲时,
他很尴尬。
I
spotted
her
writing
a
letter
in
the
library
when
I
passed
by.
当我经过时,
我发现她正在图书馆里写信。
When
the
man
was
trying
to
break
into
the
bank,
he
was
caught
by
the
police
on
the
spot.
当那个人试图闯入银行时,
他被警察当场抓获了。
I
like
it
when
the
night
sky
is
spotted
with
twinkling
stars.
闪烁的星星点缀着夜空,
我分外喜欢。
【词块积累】
(1)spot
sb.
doing
sth.
发现某人正在做某事
be
spotted
with
散布;
点缀
(2)on
the
spot
当场;
在现场;
在危险中;
处于负责地位
put
sb.
on
the
spot
(故意提出难以回答或尴尬的问题)使某人难堪
spot作先行词,
表示“地点,
场所”时,
若后面定语从句中的关系词在句中作地点状语,
则关系词应用where。
(1)语法填空。
①Although
she
wore
a
pair
of
sunglasses,
she
was
spotted
(spot)
by
the
media
reporters.
?
②Someone
spotted
him
leaving
(leave)
the
building
soon
afterwards.
③We
need
to
know
about
the
views
of
the
people
on
the
spot
so
that
we
can
make
a
final
decision.
(2)Tom
took
the
police
to
the
spot
where
the
accident
happened.
?
汤姆把警察带到了事故发生的地点。
5.
think
on
one’s
feet头脑反应很快;
才思敏捷
Thinking
on
his
feet,
Lin
started
to
tell
a
story
about
a
cruel
Roman
emperor
who
tried
to
feed
a
man
to
wild
animals.
林头脑反应很快,
开始讲述一个残酷的罗马皇帝试图把一个人喂给野生动物的故事。
This
is
a
very
demanding
job
and
you
need
to
think
on
your
feet.
这是一份要求很高的工作,
你需要才思敏捷。
【词块积累】
on
foot
步行
foot
by
foot(=step
by
step)
一步一步地;
逐渐
on
one’s
feet
站起;
恢复健康;
经济独立
bring/
raise
sb.
to
sb.
’s
feet
扶起某人
struggle
to
one’s
feet
挣扎着站起来
rise
to
one’s
feet
站起身来
stand
on
one’s
own
feet
独立,
自立
(1)语法填空。
①I’ve
been
on
my
feet
all
day
and
I’m
determined.
②When
I
turned
around,
I
saw
him
struggling
to
his
feet.
③What
impressed
me
most
is
that
such
a
little
boy
should
stand
on
his
own
feet.
④Rise
to
your
feet
when
the
employer
came
in.
(2)Professor
Wang
can
think
on
his
feet;
he
always
has
an
answer
ready
when
we
ask
him
questions.
?
王教授思维敏捷,
我们向他提问时,
他总能对答如流。
6.
whisper
v.
悄声说,
低语
The
man
whispered
something
in
the
lion’s
ear,
after
which
the
lion
shook
its
head
and
walked
away
unhappily.
那人在狮子耳边说了些什么,
狮子摇了摇头,
很不高兴地走开了。
They
sat
at
the
back
of
the
room,
talking
in
whispers.
他们坐在房间的后面低声谈话。
It
was
whispered
that
our
headteacher
would
get
a
promotion.
有人私下说我们的班主任老师要高升了。
He
is
whispering
to
the
neighbor
when
having
the
meeting.
开会的时候,
他与邻座的人耳语。
【词块积累】
whisper
(sth.
)
in
one’s
ear
在某人耳旁小声说某事
whisper
to
sb.
对某人耳语
It’s
whispered
that.
.
.
私下说……
in
a
whisper/whispers
低声说;
小声地说
(1)语法填空。
①At
the
back
of
the
line,
Jack
whispered
to
her
so
that
no
one
else
would
hear.
②She
told
me
in
a
whisper
the
news
that
I
was
eager
to
know
all
the
time.
(2)It
is
whispered
that
he
is
heavily
in
debt.
?
据传闻他负债累累。
(3)In
order
not
to
be
heard
by
the
people
around,
she
whispered
in
my
ear.
?
为了不被周围的人听见,
她在我耳边低语。
7.
conclude
v.
结束;
终止
A
punch
line
concludes
a
joke
and
is
intended
to
make
people
laugh.
妙语是笑话的结尾,
意在逗人发笑。
After
waiting
for
half
an
hour,
I
concluded
that
he
wouldn’t
come.
等了半小时之后,
我断定他不会来了。
When
the
group
discussion
is
nearing
its
end,
make
sure
to
conclude
it
with
some
important
points.
当小组讨论接近尾声时,
确保以一些重要的观点结束讨论。
He
concluded
by
wishing
everyone
a
safe
trip
home.
他讲话结束时祝愿大家一路平安。
I
think
a
teacher’s
job
is
to
raise
interesting
questions
and
provide
enough
backgrounds
so
that
students
can
draw
a
conclusion
of
their
own.
我认为教师的工作是提出有趣的问题,
提供足够的背景,
以便学生可以得出自己的结论。
【词块积累】
to
conclude
最后
(2)come
to/reach/draw
a
conclusion
得出结论
in
conclusion
总而言之
(1)语法填空
①He
concluded
his
speech
with
a
famous
saying,
“Where
there
is
a
will,
there
is
a
way.
”
②I’ve
come
to
the
conclusion
(conclude)
that
he’s
not
the
right
person
for
the
job.
③In
conclusion,
walking
is
a
cheap,
safe,
enjoyable
and
readily
available
form
of
exercise.
(2)To
conclude,
I
wish
you
all
good
health
and
a
long
life.
?
最后,
祝大家身体健康,
长命百岁。
8.
For
instance,
while
on
a
lecturing
tour
of
the
United
States,
Twain
went
into
a
barber’s
shop
to
get
a
haircut
and
a
shave.
比如,
有一次在美国做巡回演讲时,
马克·吐温走进一家理发店去理发和刮脸。?
【句式解构】
while
on
a
lecturing
tour
of
the
United
States为时间状语从句的省略句,
补充完整为while
he
was
on
a
lecturing
tour
of
the
United
States。在主从复合句中,
当从句主语与主句主语一致或从句的主语为it,
且从句谓语为动词be时,
从句中可以省略主语和动词be。
While
(they
were)
building
the
tunnel,
the
workers
discovered
an
underground
lake.
建隧道时,
工人们发现了一个地下湖。
Unless
(you
are)
asked
to
speak,
you
should
remain
silent
at
the
meeting.
开会时,
除非让你发言,
否则你应当保持沉默。
Although
(they
were)
tired,
they
went
on
working.
虽然他们很累,
但他们还是继续工作。
(1)符合省略条件的状语从句有:
时间(when,
while),
地点(where),
条件(if,
unless),
方式(as
if),
让步(even
if/though,
although/though)状语从句等
(2)省略后从句的形式:
连词+形容词/副词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词
【巧学助记】状语从句省略口诀
状从省略很好记,
时、条、让、方、地;
主语同,
谓语be,
二者省去不可惜;
从句若有it
be,
照样省去莫迟疑。
(1)语法填空。
①I
won’t
go
to
attend
her
party
even
if
invited(invite).
②Once
seen(see),
it
can
never
be
forgotten.
(2)同义句转换。
①While
she
was
in
France,
the
girl
picked
up
some
French.
→While
in
France,
the
girl
picked
up
some
French.
?
②If
I
were
given
more
time,
I
could
have
done
it
better.
→If
given
more
time,
I
could
have
done
it
better.
?
9.
Then
along
came
a
tiger.
然后来了一只老虎。?
【句式解构】
该句是一个完全倒装句。英语中的倒装是指句子成分不是按主语在前、谓语在后的正常语序排列,
而是将谓语或谓语的一部分移到主语之前。倒装是一种修辞手段,
目的是强调。
Outside
the
classroom
stood
an
old
man.
一位老人站在教室的外面。
Out
rushed
the
boy.
那个男孩冲了出去。
Down
came
the
rain
and
up
went
the
umbrellas.
下雨了,
伞都撑起来了。
英语中常见的“完全倒装”
(1)当away,
down,
here,
there,
up等副词或一些地点状语置于句首,
而句子的主语是名词时,
句子要用完全倒装。但是,
如果句子的主语是代词时,
谓语动词不倒装。
(2)当表语位于句首时,
句子要用完全倒装。
(3)当介词词组位于句首时,
通常用完全倒装形式,
即把谓语移到主语的前面。
(1)语法填空。
①The
moment
the
bell
rang,
out
rushed
(rush)
the
children.
②The
Public
Square
is
an
eye-catching
sight
of
the
city.
There
stands
(stand)
a
stone
sculpture
of
a
famous
historical
figure.
③Present
at
the
conference
were
(be)
experts
from
all
over
the
world.
④Buried
in
the
earth
was
(be)
a
jar
with
lots
of
ancient
coins
in
it.
(2)In
a
lecture
hall
of
a
university
in
England
sits
a
professor.
?
在英格兰一所大学的课堂里坐着一位教授。
【要点拾遗】
1.
fame
n.
名声;
名誉
Mark
Twain
(1835—1910)
was
an
American
writer,
humorist,
lecturer
and
adventurer,
who
acquired
international
fame
for
his
travel
narratives.
马克·吐温(1835—1910),
是一位美国作家、幽默学家、演说家和冒险家,
因其游记而享誉国际。
He
claims
he
is
not
really
interested
in
fame.
他声称自己对出名不感兴趣。
Confucius
is
famous
for
his
philosophy
because
he
made
many
wise
sayings.
孔子以他的哲学而闻名,
因为他发表了许多充满智慧的言论。
Mo
Yan,
who
is
famous
as
a
writer,
won
the
Nobel
Prize
for
Literature
in
2012.
莫言,
著名作家,
2012年获得诺贝尔文学奖。
The
trouble
with
common
sense,
as
Voltaire
famously
observed,
is
that
it
is
not
very
common.
正如伏尔泰有句名言说的,
常识的问题在于它并不那么平常。
【词块积累】
famous
adj.
著名的;
极好的,
非常令人满意的
be
famous
for
因……而著名
be
famous
as
作为……而著名
famously
adv.
极好地;
著名地
【易混辨析】fame和
reputation
fame指比较大的社会名望。
reputation指个人的名誉,
别人对你的看法,
比较小。
语法填空。
(1)Hangzhou
is
famous
for
its
West
Lake
and
also
famous
as
a
beautiful
city.
(2)She
loves
acting
and
hopes
to
be
as
famous(fame)
as
Meg
Ryan,
one
day.
(3)Though
I
am
poor
and
wretched
now,
my
progenitors
were
famously
(fame)
wealthy.
2.
throw
light
on使……显得清楚;
阐明……;
照亮
While
these
same
jokes
might
not
be
as
funny
to
us
now
as
they
were
then,
their
authors
understood
that
humour
could
not
only
entertain
but
also
throw
new
light
on
sensitive
or
emotive
issues.
虽然这些相同的笑话对我们来说可能不像过去那么好笑,
但它们的作者明白,
幽默不仅可以娱乐,
而且可以为敏感或情绪化的问题带来新的启发。
Please
keep
calm
and
the
police
will
throw
light
on
the
cause
of
the
fire.
请保持冷静,
警察会查明起火的原因。
Recent
research
has
thrown
light
on
the
cause
of
the
destruction
of
our
environment.
最近的研究已经揭示了破坏环境的原因。
【词块积累】
throw
away
扔掉
throw
about
乱丢;
乱扔
throw
cold
water
on
泼冷水;
打击……热情
【知识延伸】
常见的“动词+名词+介词”结构的短语
catch
sight
of
看见;
瞥见
get
rid
of
除掉;
处理掉
get
hold
of
得到;
抓住
make
use
of
利用;
使用
take
advantage
of
利用
take
pride
in
以……为傲
take
charge
of
负责,
掌管
take
possession
of
占有,
占据,
拥有
do
damage
to
损坏
lose
touch
with
与……失去联系
make
room
for
为……腾出地方
play
tricks
on
欺骗;
捉弄
(1)语法填空。
①Half
of
the
food
in
the
bag
is
bad.
You’d
better
throw
it
away.
②The
president
promised
to
throw
light
on
his
new
fiscal
policies.
③My
parents
said
to
me,
“Don’t
throw
waste
paper
about.
”
④I
didn’t
mean
to
throw
cold
water
on
your
plans.
(2)
There
was
nothing
to
throw
light
on
the
connection
between
the
two
men.
?
没有什么能说明这两个人之间的关系。
3.
remark
n.
言论;
意见;
评论
But
he
is
equally
well
known
for
his
witty
remarks
in
his
everyday
interactions
with
people.
但他在与人的日常交流中也因其机智的话语而闻名。
Every
once
in
a
while
the
instructor
makes
a
witty
remark,
causing
the
class
to
laugh.
每过一段时间,
教官就会发表一次诙谐的评论,
逗得全班大笑。
It’s
bad
manners
to
remark
on
others’
personal
affairs.
评论别人的私事是不礼貌的。
He
has
displayed
remarkable
courage
in
his
efforts
to
reform
the
company.
他在努力改革公司中表现出了非凡的勇气。
【词块积累】
(1)make
a
remark/remarks
on/about
对……发表评论/看法
remark
on/upon
谈论/评议……
(2)remarkable
adj.
非凡的;
显著的
remarkably
adv.
显著地;
非常地;
引人注目地
witty
remarks
幽默风趣的话,
比喻妙语或美好的诗文
(1)语法填空。
①My
life
improved
remarkably(remark)
when
I
discovered
art.
The
art
world
gave
me
a
chance
to
express
myself
without
words.
②He
showed
remarkable
(remark)competence
when
he
faced
the
difficult
problems.
(2)At
the
same
time,
I
will
make
a
simple
remark
on
the
existing
problems
in
the
research
and
later
trend.
?
同时我将对存在的研究问题及今后的方向作简单的评论。
4.
cruel
adj.
残忍的
Some
cruel
experiments
on
animals
are
carried
out
in
the
name
of
science.
一些残忍的动物实验是以科学的名义进行的。
I
can’t
stand
people
who
are
cruel
to
animals.
我无法容忍虐待动物的人。
It
is
cruel
of
him
to
make
the
donkey
carry
such
a
heavy
load.
他真残忍,
让驴驮这么重的东西。
We
have
sworn
to
fight
cruelty
wherever
we
find
it.
我们发誓要见恶除恶。
She
couldn’t
bear
to
see
animals
treated
cruelly.
她不忍见动物受虐待。
【词块积累】
be
cruel
to
对……残忍
It
is
cruel
of
sb.
to
do
sth.
某人做某事是残忍的
cruelty
n.
残酷;
残忍;
残酷的行为
cruelly
adv.
残酷地;
残暴地;
<口>极度地;
非常
语法填空。
(1)Some
feel
that
keeping
animals
in
enclosures
is
a
kind
of
cruelty(cruel).
(2)I
could
not
help
asking
the
Heaven
in
heart,
“Why
would
you
treat
a
poor
family
so
cruelly(cruel)?
”
(3)It
is
cruel
of
him
to
ignore(ignore)
her.
?
5.
tell
off斥责;
责骂
With
this
little
joke,
Lin
was
able
to
make
people
laugh,
while
gently
telling
off
the
president.
有了这个小笑话,
林能够让人们笑起来,
同时又温和地责备了校长。
His
mother
is
always
telling
him
off
for
making
a
mess
in
his
room.
他妈妈总是责备他把房间弄得乱七八糟。
If
you
are
caught
cheating
in
the
exam,
you
will
be
told
off
by
your
parents
and
teachers.
如果发现你在考试中作弊,
你将会受到父母和老师的斥责。
【词块积累】
tell
sb.
/sth.
apart
区分开
tell
sb.
/sth.
from
sb.
/sth.
把……与……区分开
tell
the
difference
between.
.
.
and.
.
.
区分……和……的不同
to
tell(you)
the
truth
坦白说;
说实话
tell
a
lie(=tell
lies)
撒谎
tell
jokes(=tell
a
joke)
讲笑话
(1)语法填空。
①The
two
brothers
are
so
much
alike
that
their
own
mother
can
hardly
tell
them
apart.
②The
twins
are
so
alike;
it’s
difficult
to
tell
the
difference
between
them.
③Child
as
he
was,
he
could
tell
right
from
wrong.
④The
boss
told
off
his
secretary
for
making
private
phone
calls
in
his
office.
(2)To
tell(you)
the
truth,
I
don’t
agree
to
your
plan.
?
老实讲,
我不同意你的计划。
(3)My
parents
taught
me
never
to
tell
lies/tell
a
lie.
?
我父母告诫我千万不要说谎。
6.
feed.
.
.
to.
.
.
给(人或动物)
某物作为食物
Thinking
on
his
feet,
Lin
started
to
tell
a
story
about
a
cruel
Roman
emperor
who
tried
to
feed
a
man
to
wild
animals.
林头脑反应很快,
开始讲一个残酷的罗马皇帝试图把一个人喂给野生动物的故事。
Why
do
you
say
so?
Don’t
you
feed
on
bamboo?
你为什么这么说?
难道你不是以竹子为食吗?
When
they
are
sleepy
for
a
nap,
they
will
be
fed
up
with
the
noises
made
by
their
kids.
他们(父母)想午睡了越发觉得孩子弄出的噪音讨厌。
【词块积累】
feed
sb.
/sth.
on
sth.
给(人或动物)
食物;
喂;
饲养
feed
on
(动物)
以……为主食
feed
sth.
to
sb.
/sth.
给(人或动物)
某物作为食物
be
fed
up
with
受够了;
极厌恶;
对……厌倦
feed
back
反馈;
反应;
回复
feedback
n.
反馈;
成果,
资料;
回复
(1)语法填空。
①All
animals
including
men
feed
on
plants
or
other
animals.
②Farmers
feed
kitchen
leftovers
to
the
pigs.
(2)People
are
fed
up
with
all
these
traffic
jams.
?
人们受够了这么多的交通堵塞。
7.
fall
behind
不能按时完成(工作);
落后;
落在……后面
When
a
bee
starts
circling
around
Charlie’s
face,
he
falls
behind
with
his
work.
当一只蜜蜂在查理的脸上盘旋时,
他落下了工作。
Diligence
helps
one
to
go
forward,
whereas
laziness
makes
one
fall
behind.
勤奋使人上进,
懒惰使人落后。
Last
term,
I
became
ill
and
spent
two
months
in
hospital,
thus
falling
behind
others.
上学期,
我生病了,
在医院住了两个月,
因此落后于其他人。
【词块积累】
fall
ill/silent/asleep
生病/沉默/睡着
fall
down
摔倒
fall
off
从……摔下来
fall
over
跌倒
fall
in
love
with
爱上
(1)用fall短语填空。
①We
could
not
fall
asleep
after
the
film
although
it
lasted
2
hours
until
11
o’clock.
?
②He
fell
in
love
with
music
when
he
was
a
child.
?
③Mary
fell
over
and
broke
her
leg.
As
a
result,
she
will
have
to
be
away
from
school
for
about
one
month.
?
④I
lost
my
balance
and
fell
off
the
bike.
?
⑤It
is
several
years
since
he
fell
ill
and
his
illness
has
done
great
damage
to
his
health.
?
(2)His
little
brother
was
ill
for
more
than
six
weeks
and
fell
behind
with
his
schoolwork.
?
他的弟弟病了六个多星期,
功课落后了。
8.
“What
did
you
say
to
my
animals?
”
said
the
emperor,
astonished.
“你对我的动物说了什么?
”皇帝惊讶地说。
【句式解构】
本句中的astonished是形容词作状语,
说明句子主语的特点或处于某种状态。形容词或形容词短语可位于句首或句末充当状语的语法作用,
相当于省略形式的状语从句,
表示原因、方式、时间、让步等。当单个形容词作状语时,
不要将其与副词混淆使用。
Eager
to
see
the
sunrise,
they
got
up
at
four.
他们渴望看日出,
四点钟就起床了。
Alice
walked
to
the
bed
quietly,
careful
not
to
wake
the
sleeping
baby.
爱丽丝静静地走到床边,
小心不惊醒酣睡的婴儿。
Ripe,
these
apples
are
sweet.
熟了时这种苹果是很甜的。
Large
or
small,
all
countries
are
equal.
所有国家,
无论大小,
一律平等。
(1)语法填空。
①Much
interested(interest),
he
agreed
to
give
it
a
try.
②Curious(curiosity),
she
looked
around
for
other
guests.
(2)Full
of
hope,
they
went
to
ask
for
their
father’s
permission.
?
他们满怀希望,
去请求父亲答应这件事。
【读写结合·表达升级】
人物介绍
Task
1 框架宏观建构:
整体理解?
1.
Skim
the
blog
post
and
you’ll
find
it
is
about
a
comedian.
2.
The
passage
is
about
general
introduction
of
Charlie
Chaplin,
Charlie
Chaplin’s
unique
acting
style,
my
favourite
Charlie
Chaplin
film
and
the
power
of
Charlie
Chaplin’s
works.
?
Task
2 文本微观剖析:
特色表达?
Charlie
Chaplin’s
Legacy
General
introduction(总体介绍)
a
British
actor,
filmmaker
and
(1)composer
Why
I
like
him(喜欢他的原因)
He
knew
how
to
use
his
body
and
(2)facial
features
to
make
people
laugh.
In
my
opinion,
the
funniest
thing
about
Charlie
Chaplin
was
the
way
he
(3)walked
when
he
was
acting
as
the
Tramp,
who
is
his
most
famous
(4)character.
His
work(他的作品)
My
favourite
Charlie
Chaplin’s
film
is
Modern
Times
and
My
favourite
(5)scene
is
in
the
factory
where
Charlie
Chaplin
is
working
on
a
(6)production
line.
My
comment(评价)
I
think
the
power
of
Charlie
Chaplin’s
works
is
not
only
in
his
(7)acting,
but
also
in
the
stories
and
characters
he
(8)created.
假定你是李华,
你的英国笔友Eric正在学习中国相声,
他想请你为他介绍一位相声演员。请根据提示信息给他回信,
向他介绍著名的相声演员马三立。
生卒时间
1914.
10.
1—
2003.
2.
11
经历及贡献
1.
小时候因家境贫困,
辍学学习相声;
2.
1930年开始登台演出;
3.
一生创作了很多优秀的相声作品。
社会评价
独特的艺术风格,
推动了相声艺术的发展,
是当代的幽默大师。
注意:
1.
词数80左右;
2.
可以适当增加细节,
以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:
相声
cross
talk
完成句子
1.
马三立生于1914年10月1日,
卒于2003年2月11日。
Ma
Sanli
was
born
on
October
1,
1914
and
died
on
February
11,
2003.
?
2.
由于家境贫寒,
他很小的时候就开始说相声。
At
an
early
age,
he
performed
cross
talk
because
of
the
poverty
of
his
family.
?
3.
1930年,
他开始在舞台上表演。
In
1930,
he
started
to
perform
on
the
stage.
?
4.
在他的一生中,
他创作了大量的优秀作品。
During
his
whole
life,
he
created
a
large
number
of
excellent
works.
?
5.
其中很多作品现在仍然很受人们的欢迎。
Many
of
them
are
still
popular
among
people
now.
?
6.
他独特的风格对中国相声的发展产生了积极的影响,
他被认为是幽默大师。
His
unique
style
has
a
positive
effect
on
the
development
of
Chinese
cross
talk
and
he
is
considered
as
a
master
of
humour.
?
7.
你可以在中国艺术家网站上欣赏到他的作品。
You
can
appreciate
his
works
on
Chinese
artist
website.
?
句式升级
8.
用强调句改写句3
It
was
in
1930
that
he
started
to
perform
on
the
stage.
?
9.
用定语从句连接句4和句5
During
his
whole
life,
he
created
a
large
number
of
excellent
works,
many
of
which
are
still
popular
among
people
now.
?
Dear
Eric,
I’m
glad
to
hear
that
you’re
interested
in
Chinese
cross
talk
and
I’m
writing
to
introduce
Ma
Sanli,
one
of
the
most
famous
Chinese
performing
artists
of
cross
talk.
Ma
Sanli
was
born
on
October
1,
1914
and
died
on
February
11,
2003.
At
an
early
age,
he
performed
cross
talk
because
of
the
poverty
of
his
family.
It
was
in
1930
that
he
started
to
perform
on
the
stage.
During
his
whole
life,
he
created
a
large
number
of
excellent
works,
many
of
which
are
still
popular
among
people
now.
His
unique
style
has
a
positive
effect
on
the
development
of
Chinese
cross
talk
and
he
is
considered
as
a
master
of
humour.
You
can
appreciate
his
works
on
Chinese
artist
website.
Wish
you
great
progress
in
your
learning
of
Chinese
cross
talk.
Yours,
Li
Hua
【话题拓展】
1.
话题特点
介绍一位喜剧演员属于说明文的写作范畴。介绍名人的关键在于突出其独特风格、主要代表作品、贡献等。如果是介绍已故的喜剧演员多用一般过去时,
介绍在世的喜剧演员则多用一般现在时。
2.
话题词汇
(1)humorous
adj.
幽默的
(2)achivement
n.
成就
(3)excellent
adj.
极好的,
杰出的
(4)perform
v.
表演
(5)be
born
into出生于
(6)make
a
great
contribution
to对……做出巨大贡献
(7)bring
up养育
(8)have
a
talent
for有……的天赋
(9)speak
highly
of高度赞扬
(10)graduate
from毕业于
3.
话题句式
(1)开头常用语句
①He
is
famous
around
the
world
for
his
character
Mr
Bean.
他因扮演憨豆先生而闻名于世。
②He
was
an
excellent
actor
all
over
the
world.
他是一个世界著名演员。
③When
it
comes
to
famous
comedians,
I
think
Charlie
Chaplin
was
the
best.
当提及著名喜剧演员的时候,
我认为卓别林是最好的。
(2)主体常用语句
①While
studying
for
a
Master’s
degree
at
Oxford
University
he
fell
in
love
with
acting
and
comedy.
在牛津大学攻读硕士学位时,
他爱上了表演和喜剧。
②He
quickly
went
on
to
appear
in
the
hit
comedy
show
Not
the
Nine
O’Clock
News.
他很快就出现在热门喜剧节目《非九点钟新闻》中。
③Rowan
was
born
on
January
6,
1955,
and
spent
his
early
years
on
the
family
farm
with
his
mother,
three
older
brothers
and
his
strict
father.
罗文1955年1月6日出生,
早年与母亲、三个哥哥和严厉的父亲一起在家庭农场度过。
(3)结尾常用语句
①It
was
eventually
made
into
a
movie
which
made
Atkinson
an
international
star.
它最终被拍成了一部使阿特金森成为国际明星的电影。
②He
has
a
great
influence
on
me,
because
he
always
works
hard.
因为他总是努力工作,
对我影响很大。
③How
I
wish
I
could
meet
a
man
like
him
in
real
life.
我多么希望在现实生活中遇到一个像他那样的人。
PAGEUnit
1 Laugh
out
loud!
Starting
out
&
Understanding
ideas
【词汇知识·自主学习】
Ⅰ.
根据语境写出正确的单词
1.
lift
the
mood
提升情绪
2.
the
circus
popular
with
children
受到孩子们欢迎的马戏团
3.
amusement
park
游乐场
4.
hurt
his
ankle
伤着了他的脚踝
5.
entertain
yourself
使你自己快乐
6.
examine
Lara’s
ankle
检查劳拉的脚踝?
7.
the
job
advertisement
招聘广告
8.
their
former
employer
他们的前雇主
Ⅱ.
根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的短语
1.
A
sense
of
devotion
is
the
basic
requirement
for
people
working
in
the
service
industry,
such
as
education
and
health
care(医疗保健).
?
2.
I
don’t
know
what
it
was
that
did
the
trick(奏效),
but
I
am
definitely
feeling
much
better.
?
3.
Cheer
up(振作起来)!
The
people
all
over
the
country
will
help
you
rebuild
your
homes.
?
4.
Donald
enjoys
sea
fishing
and
more
often
than
not
(通常)he
catches
enough
for
dinner.
?
5.
When
the
baby
touched
the
hot
water,
he
cried
out
in
pain(疼痛地).
?
6.
Paul
did
a
great
job
(做得很好)
in
the
speech
contest.
He
must
have
practiced
many
times
last
week.
?
7.
She
looked
through(浏览)her
notes
before
the
exam.
?
8.
Could
we
take
a
walk?
I
feel
like(想要)
a
little
exercise.
?
9.
I’m
more
than
a
little
(非常)
delighted
to
tell
you
that
to
promote
traditional
opera
in
schools,
the
city
theatre
will
provide
an
opera
for
us
students
to
watch
for
free.
?
10.
If
you
are
in
need
of(需要)
a
helping
hand,
we
are
glad
to
offer
you
help.
?
Ⅲ.
根据课文及汉语提示补全句子
1.
Since
getting
here(自从来到这儿),
Lara
has
spent
her
time
crying
in
pain.
?
2.
Although
it’s
the
doctors
and
nurses
who
will
treat
her
injury(是医生和护士为她疗伤),
it’s
my
job
to
make
her
feel
better.
?
3.
Being
a
clown
doctor(成为一名小丑医生)means
I
can
help
people
by
entertaining
them.
?
4.
And
my
magic
medicine
does
indeed
seem
to
do
the
trick(似乎确实起到了作用).
?
5.
After
all,
it
really
is
true
that
“laughter
is
the
best
medicine”(笑是最好的药).
?
根据给出的构词规则写出下列单词
1.
-ment常用于动词之后构成名词。
amuse
v.
→
amusement
n.
娱乐,
消遣
entertain
v.
→
entertainment
n.
娱乐,
消遣?
advertise
v.
→
advertisement
n.
广告
2.
动词之后加-er
可转化为名词
employ
v.
→
employer
n.
雇用者,
雇主
announce
v.
→announcer
n.
广播员
report
v.
→reporter
n.
记者
【阅读研析·合作学习】
Task
1 框架宏观建构:
整体理解?
Skim
the
passage
and
fill
in
the
blanks.
everyday
scene
in
the
waiting
area
a
1.
familiar
atmosphere
of
boredom
and
tension,
anxious
parents,
nervous
and
2.
crying
children
a
little
girl
with
an
injured
ankle
a
small
girl
whose
ankle
is
3.
twice
its
normal
size,
crying
in
pain
purpose
of
our
work
clown
doctors
can
be
4.
helpful
in
making
patients
feel
better
how
do
we
work
5.
cheering
up
patients
by
doing
magic
tricks,
singing
songs,
telling
stories
and,
of
course,
telling
silly
jokes
my
magic
medicine
does
the
trick
Lara
laughs
loud
and
my
magic
medicine
indeed
does
the
6.
trick.
my
opinion
7.
laughter
is
the
best
medicine
Task
2 文本微观剖析:
细节探究?
1.
Choose
the
best
answer.
(1)What
is
my
job
in
the
hospital?
A.
A
special
doctor.
B.
A
caring
nurse.
C.
An
ordinary
doctor.
D.
A
demanding
leader.
(2)Why
are
the
people
in
the
waiting
area
looking
through
magazines?
A.
They
love
reading.
B.
They
feel
bored.
C.
They
want
to
keep
calm.
D.
They
have
no
books
to
read.
(3)What
made
Larry
become
a
clown
doctor?
A.
Lara’s
being
injured
while
she
rode
her
bicycle.
B.
His
boyhood
experience
of
going
to
hospital.
C.
His
love
for
the
performance
of
the
clowns.
D.
Seeing
so
many
children
crying
in
the
hospital.
(4)What
is
the
function
of
Para.
2
and
Para.
3?
A.
They
serve
as
an
example
to
describe
the
job
of
clown
doctors.
B.
They
prove
that
parents
are
concerned
about
their
children.
C.
They
provide
an
example
of
how
to
treat
young
patients.
D.
They
teach
parents
how
to
protect
their
children
from
injury.
(5)Which
of
the
following
can
we
use
to
describe
Larry?
A.
Kind
and
wise.
B.
Brave
and
careful.
C.
Positive
and
intelligent.
D.
Humorous
and
caring.
(6)What
can
we
infer
from
the
sentence
“laughter
is
the
best
medicine”?
A.
No
medicine
is
better
than
laughter.
B.
Laughter
can
cure
patients
of
any
disease.
C.
Laughter
can
make
a
patient
feel
better.
D.
There
is
no
need
for
people
to
see
a
doctor.
答案:
(1)～(6)ABBADC
2.
Reread
the
passage
and
fill
in
the
blanks.
I’m
a
specially
trained
clown
doctor
whose
job
is
to
(1)cheer
up
patients,
their
families
and
the
hospital
staff
by
doing
(2)magic
tricks,
singing
songs
and
telling
stories
and
jokes.
I
chose
this
career
because
of
my
(3)experience
of
going
to
hospital
when
I
was
a
kid.
I
think
being
a
clown
doctor
can
help
people
by
(4)entertaining
them.
?
On
a
typical
day,
wearing
a
white
coat,
my
(5)
curly
rainbow
wig
and
a
big
red
nose,
I
walked
into
the
waiting
room.
There,
I
spotted
a
little
girl
whose
(6)ankle
was
twice
its
normal
size.
While
the
doctor
concentrated
on
(7)examining
Lara’s
ankle,
I
got
her
attention
by
doing
a
magic
trick.
Her
scared
and
anxious
look
was
(8)replaced
with
loud
laughter.
Seeing
their
daughter
much
happier
in
turn
made
Lara’s
parents
more
(9)
relaxed.
?
I
hope
clown
doctors
can
help
made
hospital
a
(10)friendlier
place
to
visit.
3.
Long
sentence
analysis.
(1)People
sit
uncomfortably
on
plastic
chairs,
looking
through
old
magazines(分词作状语表伴随动作),
all
of
which
have
been
read
hundreds
of
times
previously(which引导非限制性定语从句).
?
译文:
人们不舒服地坐在塑料椅子上,
翻看着旧杂志,
这些杂志以前都被读过几百遍了。
(2)I
speak
with
the
on-duty
nurse,
who
tells
me
that
Lara’s
parents
rushed
her
to
the
hospital
(who引导定语从句)
after
she
fell
off
her
bicycle(after引导时间状语从句).
?
译文:
我和当值护士交谈时她告诉我,
劳拉从自行车上摔下来后,
她的父母匆忙将她送到医院。
Task
3 阅读思维升华:
主题实践?
1.
If
you
work
as
part
of
the
programme
“hospital
clowning”,
what
will
you
do?
(Creative
Thinking创造性思维)
I
will
try
my
best
to
entertain
the
patients
who
come
to
my
hospital.
After
all,
helping
others
is
a
kind
of
contribution
to
the
society.
?
2.
Do
you
like
the
hospital
with
clown
doctors?
Why?
(Critical
Thinking批判性思维)
Yes,
I
like
it.
Because
this
kind
of
hospital
will
not
be
so
boring
and
will
be
a
friendlier
and
more
pleasant
place
to
visit.
?
【要点精研·探究学习】
1.
mood
n.
心情
Lift
the
mood
with
a
joke
and
explore
the
area.
用笑话来提升情绪,
然后探索这一区域。
He
was
in
a
good
mood
when
he
got
home
from
work.
他下班回到家时心情不错。
I’m
in
a
bad
mood
at
the
moment.
I’m
not
in
the
mood
to
argue
with
you.
此刻我心情不好,
我没心思跟你争论。
To
tell
you
the
truth,
I
was
in
no
mood
for
a
joke.
说实话,
我没心情开玩笑。
【词块积累】
be
in
a
bad/good
mood
心情不好/好
be
in
the
mood
for
sth.
/to
do
sth.
有心情做……
be
in
no
mood
for
sth.
/to
do
sth.
没心情做……
(1)语法填空。
①I
didn’t
pass
the
oral
test,
so
I
am
not
in
the
mood
to
tell(tell)
jokes.
?
②The
beautiful
sunny
morning
puts
him
in
a
good
mood.
(2)Having
been
punished
by
his
father,
he
was
in
a
very
bad
mood.
?
由于受到父亲的惩罚,
他心情很不好。
2.
amusement
n.
娱乐;
消遣
(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Museums
must
compete
for
people’s
spare
time
and
money
with
other
amusements.
为得到人们的空闲时间和钱,
博物馆要和其他娱乐活动竞争。
To
our
amusement,
they
had
a
quarrel
about
such
a
small
thing.
让我们感到好笑的是,
他们为这样一件小事争吵。
They
amused
themselves
by
playing
computer
games.
他们通过玩电脑游戏来消遣。
We
were
amused
at
his
funny
movements
in
doing
morning
exercises.
他做早操时的滑稽动作使我们觉得好笑。
Please
tell
us
something
surprising
or
amusing
that
you
have
discovered.
请告诉我们一些你发现的奇怪或有趣的事情。
【词块积累】
amused
adj.
愉快的;
被逗乐的
amuse
v.
逗笑
amusing
adj.
有趣的,
好玩的;
引人发笑的
amusedly
adv.
愉快地;
开心地;
被逗乐地
be
amused
at
觉得……好笑
amuse
sb.
with/by.
.
.
用/以……娱乐某人
amuse
oneself
自娱自乐
It
amuses
sb.
to
do
sth.
做某事使某人发笑
amusement
park
游乐园
to
one’s
amusement
令某人感到有趣的是
in
amusement
愉快地
【巧学助记】
The
little
boy
was
amused
by
the
amusing
book.
But
to
our
great
amusement,
he
held
the
book
upside
down.
这个小男孩被这本有趣的书逗乐了,
但令我们感到很好笑的是,
他把书拿颠倒了。
(1)语法填空。
①Much
to
our
amusement
(amuse),
Mr
Li
sang
and
danced
while
explaining
the
text.
②It
amused
me
to
think
(think)
back
to
my
life
in
London.
?
③Yesterday
we
went
to
the
park
for
amusement.
The
park
provided
a
lot
of
amusing
performances,
which
amused
the
tourists
a
lot.
Especially,
the
clowns
made
the
children
really
amused.
(amuse)
(2)The
children
were
watching
her
doing
magic
tricks
in
amusement.
?
孩子们愉快地观看她变魔术。
3.
entertain
v.
使快乐
Being
a
clown
doctor
means
I
can
help
people
by
entertaining
them.
作为一个小丑医生意味着我可以通过使他们快乐来帮助人们。
When
he
is
in
a
bad
mood,
she
is
always
lifting
his
spirits
by
entertaining
him
with
funny
stories.
当他心情不好时,
她总是讲一些有趣的故事来逗他开心。
I
entertained
my
friends
to
dinner
yesterday
evening.
昨晚我招待朋友吃晚饭。
(2020·江苏高考)If
you
see
humor
as
an
optional
form
of
entertainment,
you’re
missing
some
of
its
biggest
benefits:
Humor
makes
average-looking
people
look
cute
and
uninteresting
people
seem
entertaining.
如果你把幽默当成一种可选的娱乐形式,
你就错过了它的一些最大的好处:
幽默让长相普通的人看起来可爱,
让无趣的人看起来有趣。
【词块积累】
entertaining
adj.
令人愉快的
entertained
adj.
娱乐的;
愉快的
entertainer
n.
表演者,
演艺人员;
艺人
entertain
sb.
with
sth.
用某物招待某人
entertain
sb.
to
sth.
用某物招待某人
entertainment
n.
娱乐;
消遣
to
one’s
entertainment
使某人高兴的是
【巧学助记】
Bob
and
Lisa
entertained
us
to
dinner
last
night,
during
which
Bob
told
us
many
jokes
for
entertainment,
making
it
an
entertaining
night.
鲍勃和莉萨昨晚设宴款待我们,
其间鲍勃讲了很多笑话逗我们乐,
(这)让它成为一个令人愉快的夜晚。
(1)语法填空。
①Apart
from
providing
entertainment(entertain),
the
website
also
turns
out
to
be
a
helpful
learning
tool.
②He
entertained
the
children
with
all
kinds
of
jokes
while
his
wife
was
busy
in
the
kitchen.
(2)To
our
great
entertainment,
he
promised
to
entertain
us
to
ice
cream.
?
令我们非常高兴的是,
他答应请我们吃冰淇淋。
4.
do
the
trick
奏效;
达到预期效果
And
my
magic
medicine
does
indeed
seem
to
do
the
trick.
我的魔法药似乎确实有效。
It
is
said
that
the
company
was
tricked
out
of
$20
million
last
month.
据说这家公司上个月被骗走了两千万美元。
He
tricked
me
into
lending
him
100
dollars.
他骗我借给了他100美元。
You
should
never
play
a
trick/tricks
on
a
disabled
person.
你不应该取笑残疾人。
【词块积累】
play
a
trick
on
sb.
=play
tricks
on
sb.
捉弄某人
trick
sb.
out
of
sth.
骗取某人某物
trick
sb.
into
doing
sth.
欺骗某人做某事
表示“开某人的玩笑;
取笑某人”的英语表达方式还有:
①play
a
joke/jokes
on
sb.
取笑某人;
开某人的玩笑
②make
fun
of
sb.
捉弄某人
③laugh
at
sb.
嘲笑某人
语法填空。
(1)Watch
out
for
Jack
because
he
is
just
playing
tricks
on
you.
(2)He
tricked
me
into
believing
that
he
had
done
a
good
deed.
5.
concentrate
on
集中精力于;
全神贯注于
While
the
doctor
concentrates
on
examining
Lara’s
ankle,
I
get
her
attention
by
doing
a
magic
trick.
当医生专注于检查劳拉的脚踝时,
我通过变一个魔术来吸引她的注意。
There
is
too
much
noise.
I
can’t
concentrate
my
attention
on
the
work.
太吵了。我无法把注意力集中在工作上。
The
challenge
is
to
have
the
power
of
concentration
to
shut
that
out.
挑战是你要能集中精力,
把那拒之门外。
【词块积累】
(1)concentrate
on
(doing)
sth.
专心(做)某事
concentrate
one’s
mind/attention/oneself
on
集中注意力于;
致力于;
专心于
(2)focus
on
集中精力于
fix/focus
one’s
mind/attention
on/upon.
.
.
集中注意力于……
(3)concentration
n.
集中;
专心
concentrate作“专心于”讲时,
可以是及物动词,
也可以是不及物动词。其宾语多为attention,
mind,
energy,
effort,
thought等词。
【易混辨析】
concentrate,
focus
这两个动词均有“集中,
聚集”之意。
concentrate指把人或物集中在一起,
也可指把精力或注意力集中于某一事物上。
focus侧重指把光、热、射线等集中于一点,
也可指把思想或精力等集中于某人或某事上。
(1)语法填空。
①I’m
concentrating
my
efforts
on
preparing
for
tomorrow’s
interview.
②Speaking
on
the
phone
requires
concentration
(concentrate)
and
takes
a
driver’s
attention
from
the
road.
③With
all
his
energy
concentrated
(concentrate)
on
his
painting,
he
didn’t
notice
it
was
raining
heavily
outside.
(2)Concentrating/Focusing
on
their
research,
the
scientists
didn’t
sleep
for
a
whole
night.
?
科学家们集中精力进行研究,
一整夜没睡。
6.
employer
n.
雇用者;
雇主
Employers
often
give
jobs
to
whoever
they
believe
has
work
experience
and
a
strong
sense
of
duty.
老板经常把工作交给他们认为有工作经验和强烈责任感的人。
A
number
of
people
have
been
employed
to
deal
with
the
work.
已雇用许多人来处理这项工作。
She
was
employed/employed
herself
in
watering
the
flowers,
so
she
did
not
notice
what
was
happening.
她忙着给花浇水,
因此没有注意到发生的一切。
【词块积累】
employment
n.
雇用
employee
n.
雇员;
雇工
be
employed
as
被雇用为
be
employed
in=employ
oneself
in
忙于……
employ
sb.
to
do
sth.
雇用某人做某事
【易混辨析】
hire,
employ,
engage
这些动词均含有“雇用”之意。
hire普通用词,
常指短期或长期雇用某人从事某一特定工作或一次性的工作,
含强调为薪金而工作的意味。
employ正式用词,
侧重受雇者虽为薪金而工作,
但工作固定且享有相当尊严。
engage可与hire换用,
特指雇用专业人员。
(1)语法填空。
①For
the
past
three
years
he
has
been
employed
as
a
firefighter.
②Many
local
workers
are
employed(employ)
in
the
tourism
industry.
?
③There
is
a
credibility
gap
developing
between
employers
and
employees(employ).
④A
large
company
requires
the
employment(employ)
of
many
people.
(2)一句多译。
工作人员目前正忙于将病人的医疗记录转移到新的系统中。
①Staff
are
employed
in
transferring
patients’
records
to
the
new
system
currently.
(employ)?
②Staff
are
busy
transferring
patients’
records
to
the
new
system
currently.
(busy)?
③Staff
are
occupied
in/occupy
themselves
in
transferring
patients’
records
to
the
new
system
currently.
(occupy)?
7.
In
the
middle
of
this
particular
scene
I
spot
a
small
girl
whose
ankle
is
twice
its
normal
size.
?
在这个特别的场景中间,
我看到一个小女孩,
她的脚踝是正常大小的两倍。
【句式解构】
本句为主从复合句,
whose引导定语从句。twice
its
normal
size的意思是正常大小的两倍。
The
sun
is
many
times
the
size
of
the
moon.
太阳是月球的许多倍大。
This
newly-built
hospital
is
four
times
as
big
as
that
one.
这家新建的医院是那家医院的四倍大。
This
river
is
almost
twice
longer
than
that
one.
这条河差不多是那条河的两倍长。
After
the
new
equipment
has
been
brought
in,
the
production
now
is
three
times
what
it
was
ten
years
ago.
引入新的设备后,
现在的产量是十年前的三倍。
倍数表达法
当我们要表达甲是乙的几倍时,
通常用下面三个句型来表示:
(1)“A+is+倍数+形容词的比较级+than+B”,
表示“A比B大(长、高、宽等)多少倍”。
(2)“A+is+倍数+as+形容词的原级+as+B”,
表示“A正好是B的多少倍”。
(3)“A+is+倍数+the
size/height/length/width,
etc+of+B”,
表示“A正好是B的多少倍”。
(4)倍数+what从句
注意:
一倍once,
两倍
twice,
三倍(及以上)用基数词+times。
(1)语法填空。
①This
hill
is
four
times
the
height
of
that
small
one.
②This
big
stone
is
three
times
as
heavy
as
that
one.
③The
car
runs
twice
faster
than
that
truck.
(2)一句多译。
我们的学校已经扩大了,
是原来的三倍大。
①Our
school
has
expanded
into
a
big
one,
which
is
three
times
as
big
as
the
previous
one.
?
②Our
school
has
expanded
into
a
big
one,
which
is
three
times
bigger
than
the
previous
one.
?
③Our
school
has
expanded
into
a
big
one,
which
is
three
times
the
size
of
the
previous
one.
?
8.
And
my
magic
medicine
does
indeed
seem
to
do
the
trick.
我的魔法药似乎确实奏效了。
【句式解构】
句中does起强调作用,
强调谓语动词seem,
意为“的确;
确实”。
He
did
give
the
boy
a
toy
car
as
a
reward
for
his
help.
他确实给了那个男孩一辆玩具车作为对他提供帮助的奖赏。
She
does
go
to
school
every
day.
她确实是每天都去上学。
They
do
want
to
make
peace
with
you.
他们确实想与你和好。
did/do/does的强调用法常用于一般过去时或一般现在时的肯定陈述句及祈使句中。do表示强调时,
时态与句子的时态一致。
(1)语法填空。
①Please!
Do(do)
be
quiet
for
a
moment!
②You
are
quite
wrong.
She
does
(do)
like
you.
③He
did
(do)
come
but
soon
went
back.
?
(2)I
do
hope
you
can
take
my
suggestion
into
account.
?
我的确希望你能考虑一下我的建议。
【要点拾遗】
1.
look
through浏览;
仔细检查(某物);
穿过……看
People
sit
uncomfortably
on
plastic
chairs,
looking
through
old
magazines,
all
of
which
have
been
read
hundreds
of
times
previously.
人们不舒服地坐在塑料椅子上,
翻看旧杂志,
这些旧杂志以前已经被阅读过数百次了。
Peter
starts
looking
through
the
mail
as
soon
as
the
door
shuts.
彼得一关上门就开始查看邮件。
He
promised
me
to
look
into
the
matter.
他答应我调查此事。
Can
you
look
up
the
time
of
the
next
train
to
Beijing?
你能查一查下一趟去北京的火车的时间吗?
【词块积累】
look
on 袖手旁观
look
out
for
小心;
搜寻(某人或某物)
look
to
依靠;
指望(某人或某事)
look
down
on
瞧不起
look
into
调查;
查找
look
up
to
尊敬
look
up
查阅
(1)语法填空。
①Look
through
the
newspaper
to
see
if
anything
important
took
place
in
the
world.
②We
shouldn’t
look
down
on
the
people
who
are
in
rags.
③There
is
someone
around
you
who
deserves
looking
up
to.
(2)If
you
look
through
this
special
glass,
you
see
things
larger
than
their
actual
size.
?
如果你透过这个特殊的玻璃看,
你看到的东西比实际尺寸大。
2.
in
pain
痛苦地,
疼痛地
Since
getting
here,
Lara
has
spent
her
time
crying
in
pain.
自从来到这里,
劳拉一直在痛苦地哭泣。
She
can
be
a
real
pain
when
she’s
in
a
bad
mood.
她心情不好的时候真令人讨厌。
If
you
want
to
succeed
in
the
work,
you
must
take
pains
to
do
it.
如果你想在工作中取得成功,
必须要下苦功。
We
must
spare
no
pains
to
finish
the
task
on
time.
我们必须不遗余力地按时完成任务。
【词块积累】
have
a
pain/pains
in
.
.
.
……部位疼
take
pains
to
do
sth.
努力做某事;
费尽力气做某事
spare
no
pains
不遗余力,
全力以赴
be
a
pain
(in
the
neck)
令人极其讨厌
pain指精神上的痛苦时为不可数名词;
指肉体上的痛苦时,
可数、不可数均可;
指“努力;
辛苦”时要用复数形式。
(1)语法填空。
①I
took
great
pains
to
keep
(keep)
the
house
clean.
?
②I’ve
had
a
terrible
pain
in
my
stomach.
(2)The
little
girl
was
crying
in
pain
when
injuring
her
finger.
?
当伤着手指时,
这个女孩疼得哭了起来。
3.
be
designed
for为……所设计;
设计用于……
The
learning
programmes
are
designed
for
children
under
5,
which
are
getting
more
and
more
popular
among
parents.
这些学习节目是为5岁以下的儿童设计的,
越来越受家长们的欢迎。
It
is
said
that
the
park
was
designed
as
an
amusement
park.
据说这个公园是被设计成游乐园的。?
The
programme
is
designed
to
help
people
who
have
been
out
of
work
for
a
long
time.
这项计划的目的是为长期失业者提供帮助。
We
shall
never
know
whether
this
happened
by
accident
or
by
design.
这件事是纯属偶然还是有人有意为之,
我们不得而知。
【词块积累】
designer
n.
设计师
by
design=on
purpose
有意地,
故意地
be
designed
as
sth.
被设计为
be
designed
for
sb.
/sth.
为某人/物而设计
be
designed
to
do
sth.
被设计来做某事
(1)语法填空。
①It’s
said
that
the
early
European
playing
cards
were
designed
for
entertainment
and
education.
②As
such,
they
really
do
have
to
be
both
designers
(design)and
developers.
③Most
colleges
now
offer
first-year
students
a
course,
which
is
specially
designed
to
help(help)
them
succeed
academically
and
personally.
?
(2)I
don’t
know
whether
they
did
it
by
accident
or
by
design.
?
我不知道他们这样做是无意的,
还是故意的。
4.
cheer
up
(使)高兴起来;
(使)振作起来
On
a
typical
day,
we
spend
our
time
cheering
up
patients,
their
families,
and
more
often
than
not,
the
hospital
staff,
too!
通常情况下,
我们花时间让病人和他们的家人高兴起来,
通常也包括医院的工作人员!
The
children
all
cheered
up
when
they
saw
the
amusing
clown.
孩子们看到有趣的小丑时都高兴起来了。
A
thousand
supporters
packed
into
the
stadium
to
cheer
them
on.
一千名支持者挤进体育场为他们加油。
He
raised
his
glass
and
said,
“May
you
success!
Cheers!
”
他举起酒杯说:
“祝你成功!
干杯!
”
【词块积累】
cheerful
adj.
欢乐的,
高兴的;
令人愉快的
cheer
for
为……欢呼,
喝彩;
给……加油
cheer
on
鼓励,
为某人打气
Cheers!
干杯!
cheer
up既可以用作及物动词短语,
也可用作不及物动词短语。
(1)语法填空。
①Nobody
can
help
you,
so
you
must
cheer
yourself
up.
②We
did
our
best
to
cheer
him
on
when
he
was
about
to
give
up.
③With
the
help
of
his
sister,
the
shy
boy
seems
to
be
more
cheerful
(cheer).
④Cheer
Mary
up,
and
things
will
work
out
for
the
best.
⑤The
game
is
about
to
start.
I
will
go
to
cheer
our
team
on.
⑥He’s
changed
since
he
came
back—he
seems
positively
cheerful.
(2)
I
do
hope
she
can
cheer
up
and
accept
the
challenge
of
life
bravely!
?
我真心希望她能振作起来,
勇敢地接受生活的挑战!
(3)With
each
teacher’s
arrival,
the
students
roared
and
cheered
for
them.
?
每一位老师的入席都伴随着学生们兴高采烈的呼声。
5.
feel
like
喜欢;
想要做某事
Some
children,
though,
don’t
feel
like
laughing,
especially
if
they’re
in
pain.
然而,
有些孩子却不想笑,
尤其是在他们感到疼痛的时候。
Do
you
feel
like
eating
out
tonight?
你今晚想出去吃吗?
(2020?浙江高考)After
a
long
run,
you
may
feel
like
you’re
in
pain,
you
may
feel
tired.
在长跑之后,
你可能会感到疼痛,
你可能会感到疲惫。
It
feels
like
rain
soon
and
we’d
better
go
home
right
now.
好像天马上就要下雨了,
我们赶紧回家吧。
【词块积累】
feel
like+名词,
“觉得好像……”
feel
like+物质名词,
“摸上去像是……”
feel
like+名词/代词,
“觉得想做……”
feel
like+doing
“想做……”
feel
like+反身代词,
“感到舒适;
感觉身体好”
feel
like+从句,
“觉得好像是……”
(1)语法填空。
①Why
do
I
have
to
break
this
news
to
him;
I
don’t
feel
like
doing
(do)
it.
②Leave
me
alone.
Somehow
I
am
not
feeling
myself
(me).
(2)写出下列句子中画线部分的含义。
①I’m
holding
something
that
feels
like
a
potato.
?
我拿的东西摸上去像个土豆。
②I
feel
like
a
rest
after
the
long
journey.
?
长途旅行后我想休息一下。
③Many
people
felt
that
admitting
to
stress
was
a
sign
of
weakness.
?
许多人认为承认有压力是软弱的表现。
6.
in
turn轮流;
依次;
反过来
Seeing
their
daughter
so
much
happier
has
in
turn
made
Lara’s
parents
more
relaxed.
看到他们的女儿快乐多了,
这反过来让劳拉的父母也跟着变得更加轻松了。
The
girls
called
out
their
names
in
turn.
那些女孩儿逐一报出自己的名字。
You
mentioned
that
you
would
like
to
teach
me
English
in
return,
which
is
exactly
what
I’m
dying
for.
你提到作为回报你想教我英语,
这正是我所渴望的。
The
two
sisters
took
care
of
their
sick
mother
by
turns.
两姐妹轮流照顾生病的母亲。
【词块积累】
in
return
(for.
.
.
)
作为……的交换;
作为……的报答
by
turns
轮流;
时而……时而……
(1)语法填空。
①He
spends
too
much
time
on
maths,
and
this
in
turn
affects
the
progress
of
his
other
subjects.
②The
old
man
gave
us
food
and
clothing
and
asked
for
nothing
in
return.
③He
didn’t
expect
anything
in
return
for
his
help.
(2)Theory
is
based
on
practice
and
in
turn
serves
practice.
?
理论以实践为基础,
反过来又为实践服务。
7.
as
for至于,
关于
And
as
for
me?
Well,
when
I
take
off
my
wig
and
my
red
nose,
I’m
still
wearing
a
big
smile,
as
I
remember
all
the
fun
and
laughter
of
the
day.
至于我?
噢,
当我摘掉我的假发和红鼻子时,
我仍然笑容满面,
因为我记得这一天中所有的快乐和笑声。
We
had
a
delightful
weekend
in
the
country.
As
for/to
the
traffic,
we
had
no
difficulty.
我们在乡下度过了一个愉快的周末。至于交通,
我们没有遇到任何困难。
They
haven’t
decided
yet
as
to
who
will
be
in
charge
of
the
project.
关于谁将负责这项工程,
他们还没有决定。
【词块积累】
as
to至于,
关于
(1)as
to可用于引出一个与前文有所不同的话题,
此时as
to
和as
for可以互换。
(2)as
to后面可接从句或“特殊疑问词+不定式”结构。
(1)语法填空。
①As
to/for
that
technical
problem,
I
will
deal
with
it
in
detail
later.
②He
asked
for
my
advice
as
to
what
to
do
next.
(2)Let’s
make
it
next
Saturday.
As
for/to
the
place
for
our
picnic,
it’s
up
to
you.
?
我们把它定在下周六吧。至于我们野餐的地点,
由你来决定。
8.
take
off摘掉,
脱下(衣服);
(飞机)起飞;
(观念、产品等)突然大受欢迎,
迅速流行;
休息,
休假
Tim
took
off
his
clothes
and
jumped
into
the
water.
蒂姆脱掉衣服,
跳进了水中。
You
needn’t
worry,
for
the
plane
takes
off
at
5
p.
m.
,
and
we
still
have
time.
你不必担心,
飞机下午5点起飞,
我们还有时间。
She
took
down
the
speech
in
shorthand.
她用速记法把演讲记了下来。
I
must
get
rid
of
this
large
table;
it
takes
up
too
much
room.
我得把这张大桌子拿走,
它太占地方。
【词块积累】
take
away
拿走;
消除(病痛等)
take
down
记下,
拆掉
take
in
收留;
欺骗;
投入;
领会
take
over
接管
take
up
开始从事;
占据
take
on
雇用;
呈现;
承担(责任)
(1)语法填空。
①Some
insects
take
on
the
colour
of
their
surroundings
to
protect
themselves.
②Briggs
will
take
over
as
general
manager
when
Michell
retires.
③Don’t
be
taken
in
by
the
products
saying
that
they
can
help
you
to
lose
weight
soon.
?
(2)I’d
like
to
take
next
Monday
off
to
visit
my
sister
in
hospital.
?
我想下星期一请假去看望我住院的姐姐。
9.
after
all毕竟;
终究;
别忘了;
尽管
After
all,
it
really
is
true
that
“laughter
is
the
best
medicine.
”
毕竟,
“欢笑是最佳良药”,
这句话是千真万确的。
I
thought
I
was
going
to
fail
the
exam,
but
I
passed
it
after
all.
我原以为我考试会不及格,
但我终究是通过了。
There
are
sixty
students
in
our
class
in
all,
most
of
whom
are
from
countryside.
我们班总共有60个学生,
他们多数来自农村。
If
you
want
to
succeed,
above
all,
you
should
believe
in
yourself.
如果你想取得成功,
首先要相信自己。
【词块积累】
in
all
总共
at
all
丝毫;
根本
above
all
最重要的是;
尤其是
first
of
all
首先;
第一
all
in
all
总的来说;
最重要的是
(1)语法填空。
①It’s
not
surprising
you
are
tired.
After
all,
you
stayed
up
until
three
last
night.
②Above
all,
we
must
be
honest
about
what
we
do
not
know.
③First
of
all,
let
me
introduce
my
friend.
④When
she
first
came
to
our
school,
she
didn’t
enjoy
helping
others
at
all.
⑤All
in
all,
every
road
leads
to
Rome,
but
I
believe
hard
work
pays
off.
(2)I
don’t
know
why
you’re
so
concerned.
It
isn’t
your
problem
after
all.
?
我不知道你为什么这么担心,
这毕竟不是你的问题。
10.
Although
it’s
the
doctors
and
nurses
who
will
treat
her
injury,
it’s
my
job
to
make
her
feel
better.
虽然医生和护士会治疗她的伤,
但我的工作是让她感觉好一些。
【句式解构】
本句为主从复合句。
“it’s
the
doctors
and
nurses
who
will
treat
her
injury”为强调句型。
It
was
I
that
met
Li
Ming
at
the
railway
station
yesterday.
昨天是我在火车站遇到的李明。
Was
it
Sally
that/who
phoned
you
just
now?
刚才给你打电话的是萨莉吗?
What
was
it
that
prevented
him
from
coming
on
time?
是什么使得他没按时来?
It
was
not
until
she
arrived
here
that
I
left.
直到她到了这儿,
我才离开。
(1)强调句的基本句型是“It
is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他部分”。
(2)强调句的一般疑问句是将is/was提前,
即“Is/Was
it
.
.
.
that
.
.
.
?
”。
(3)强调句的特殊疑问句形式,
需将陈述句变成一般疑问句,
再在句首加上疑问词,
即“疑问词(被强调部分)+is/was+it+that+句子其他部分?
”。
(4)not
.
.
.
until
.
.
.
结构在强调句型中的运用:
until引导的时间状语从句可以用在强调句型中,
其结构为“It
is/was
not
until.
.
.
that
.
.
.
”。
(5)强调句型的判断方法:
把it
is/was及that去掉,
依然是一个完整的句子;
否则,
就不是强调句型。试比较:
It
was
in
the
park
that
I
lost
my
cellphone.
(强调句型)
It
is
the
pen
that
I
bought
last
Sunday.
(that
引导定语从句)
(1)语法填空
①It
is
not
who
is
right
but
what
is
right
that
is
of
importance.
②When
was
it
that
he
made
up
his
mind
to
study
English?
③It
was
not
until
the
catastrophe
happened
that
the
local
government
realized
the
importance
of
substantial
development.
(2)Is
it
your
sister
that
always
helps
the
poor
old
man
in
the
countryside?
?
是你姐姐一直在帮助这个乡下的可怜的老人吗?
【拓视野·观天下】
1.
As
for
China,
the
majority
(85%)
of
Chinese
people
say
they
believe
their
country
will
come
out
of
the
crisis
stronger.
至于中国,
大多数(85%)中国人说他们相信,
疫情过后自己的国家会变得更强大。
2.
Harry
Potter
author
J.
K.
Rowling
does
own
her
childhood
home,
Church
Cottage
at
Tutshill
in
Chepstow.
《哈利·波特》的作者J·K·罗琳的确是自己童年那栋房子的业主——
位于切普斯托图谢尔的教堂小屋。
3.
The
news
cheered
many
Chinese
up,
which
said
China’s
Beidou-3
Navigation
Satellite
System
had
been
officially
commissioned.
这一消息让很多中国人振奋起来,
中国的北斗-3导航卫星系统已经正式投入使用。
PAGEUnit
1 Laugh
out
loud!
Using
language
【语法精讲·深化学习】
非限制性定语从句(Non-defining
attributive
clauses)
观察上面对话,
并完成句子。
1.
We
will
be
shown
around
the
city:
schools,
museums,
and
some
other
places,
where
other
visitors
seldom
go.
2.
She
has
a
sister,
who
is
a
teacher.
3.
Her
house,
which
was
built
a
hundred
years
ago,
stood
still
in
the
earthquake.
一、非限制性定语从句
(一)作用
定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。非限制性定语从句在句中起补充说明作用,
与主句之间一般用逗号隔开,
常常单独翻译。没有它,
主句意思仍然完整。
(二)关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句
1.
引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词
关系词
先行词
句法功能
who
人
主语、宾语
whom
人
动词或介词的宾语
whose
人或物
定语
which
物
主语、宾语或表语
as
物
主语、宾语或表语
Our
guide,
who
was
a
French
Canadian,
was
an
excellent
cook.
我们的向导,
一个法裔加拿大人,
擅长烹调。
Peter,
whom
you
met
in
London,
is
now
back
in
Paris.
彼得现在回巴黎了,
你在伦敦见过他。
The
boy,
whose
father
is
an
engineer,
studies
very
hard.
那位小男孩学习很努力,
他的父亲是位工程师。
2.
as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别
(1)as可以放在主句前后,
也可插入主句之中;
而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能位于主句之后。
As
is
known
to
all,
fish
can’t
live
without
water.
众所周知,
鱼离开水无法生存。
Air,
as
we
know,
is
gas.
正如我们所知,
空气是气体。
(2)
as后常接expect,
know,
report,
say,
see等动词的主、被动语态句,
有“正如,
就像”之意;
which常翻译为“这一点”。
As
is
known
to
all,
China
is
a
developing
country.
众所周知,
中国是一个发展中国家。
In
the
presence
of
so
many
people
he
was
a
little
tense,
which
was
understandable.
在那么多人面前他有点紧张,
这是可以理解的。
(3)在非限制性定语从句中,
which可指代主句中的某一个单词,
as不可以。
My
brother
enjoys
playing
basketball,
which
he
really
plays
well.
我哥哥喜欢打篮球,
他打得非常好。
Beijing,
which
he
was
born
in,
is
our
capital.
北京,
他出生的地方,
是我们的首都。
语法填空
(1)Have
you
seen
the
film
Warcraft,
whose
leading
actor
is
world
famous?
(2)My
friend,
who
has
served
on
the
International
Olympic
Committee
all
his
life,
is
retiring
next
month.
(3)These
apple
trees,
which
I
planted
three
years
ago,
have
not
borne
any
fruit.
(4)The
employer,
whom/who
all
the
employees
respect,
is
concerned
about
his
employees’
working
conditions.
(三)关系副词引导的非限制性定语从句
当先行词指时间或地点时,
用when,
where引导非限制性定语从句,
在定语从句中作状语。why不引导非限制性定语从句,
但可用for
which代替。
We
will
put
off
the
outing
until
next
week,
when
we
won’t
be
so
busy.
我们将把郊游推迟到下个星期,
那时我们就不会那么忙了。
Many
children
go
to
a
day
care
centre,
where
they
can
learn
games.
很多孩子上日间托儿所,
在那儿他们可以学习游戏。
语法填空
(1)They
went
to
London,
where
they
lived
for
six
months.
(2)He
will
put
off
the
picnic
until
May
1st,
when
he
will
stay
with
his
family.
(3)We’ll
graduate
in
July,
when
we
will
be
free.
(4)They
reached
the
hotel
yesterday,
where
a
negotiation
of
sale
will
be
held.
(四)
“名词/代词/数词+介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句
此类结构常见的有some/several/a
few/a
little/many/more/most/the
largest.
.
.
of
which/whom等形式。
Here
are
the
questions,
some
of
which
I
thought
are
difficult
for
you.
问题都在这儿,
其中一些我认为对你来说太难了。
“名词+介词of+关系代词”有时可以用“whose+名词”或“of+关系代词+名词”替换。
(1)Many
young
people,
most
of
whom
were
well-educated,
headed
for
remote
regions
to
chase
their
dreams.
?
很多年轻人都去了偏远地区追求自己的梦想,
他们中大部分都受过良好的教育。
(2)It
now
has
20,
000
hectares
of
land,
more
than
two-thirds
of
which
are
under
cultivation.
?
现在它拥有两万公顷土地,
其中超过三分之二的土地已经耕种。
(3)The
textile
mill
has
over
8,
000
workers
and
staff,
eighty
percent
of
whom
are
women.
?
这家纺织厂有8千多职工,
女职工占百分之八十。
(4)The
building
had
been
repaired,
the
roof
of
which
was
destroyed
again
in
a
big
fire.
?
那栋楼房曾经被整修过,
楼顶在一场大火中又被烧毁了。
(五)
“介词+关系代词(+名词)”引导的非限制性定语从句
关系代词有时并不代表主句中某一确定的词,
而是概括整个主句的意思。
They
were
short
of
sticks
to
make
frames
for
the
climbing
vines,
without
which
the
yield
would
be
halved.
他们缺搭葡萄藤架的杆儿,
没有它们产量会减少一半。
They
thanked
Tom,
without
whose
support
they
would
not
have
succeeded.
他们感谢汤姆,
如果没有他的支持他们不会成功的。
“介词+关系代词”中介词的选择
①根据从句所修饰的先行词的需要来确定介词。
②根据从句中谓语动词或形容词搭配的需要来确定介词。
③根据从句句意的需要来确定介词。
语法填空
(1)A
friend
is
someone
who
draws
out
your
best
qualities,
with
whom
you
sparkle
and
become
more
knowledgeable.
(2)Juliet
appeared
above
at
a
window,
through
which
her
beauty
seemed
to
break
like
the
light
of
the
sun
in
the
east.
(3)The
manager,
in
whose
office
I
just
attended
an
interview,
asked
me
to
go
back
to
wait
for
the
reply.
(4)The
West
Lake,
for
which
Hangzhou
is
famous,
is
a
beautiful
place.
(5)This
is
my
pair
of
glasses,
without
which
I
cannot
see
clearly.
二、非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句的区别
1.
形式不同
限制性定语从句中主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开,
口语中使用时也不停顿;
而非限制性定语从句与主句之间通常有逗号隔开,
口语中使用时有停顿。
2.
功能不同
限制性定语从句用于对先行词的意义进行修饰、限制和识别,
如果去掉,
就会造成句意不完整或概念不清;
而非限制性定语从句用于对先行词起补充、说明作用,
如果省略,
句意仍然清晰、完整。
People
who
take
physical
exercise
live
longer.
进行体育锻炼的人活得更长些。(若把从句去掉,
句子就失去意义)
His
daughter,
who
is
in
Boston
now,
is
coming
home
next
week.
他女儿现在在波士顿,
下星期回来。(若把从句去掉,
句子意义仍然完整)
3.
翻译不同
在翻译定语从句时,
一般把限制性定语从句翻译在它所修饰的先行词之前,
而把非限制性定语从句与主句分开。
He
is
the
man
whose
car
was
stolen.
他就是汽车被偷的那个人。
I’ve
invited
Jim,
who
lives
in
the
next
flat.
我邀请了吉姆,
他就住在隔壁的公寓里。
4.
含义不同
比较下面的两个句子:
I
have
a
sister
who
is
a
doctor.
我有一个当医生的姐姐。(姐姐不止一个)
I
have
a
sister,
who
is
a
doctor.
我有一个姐姐,
她是当医生的。(只有一个姐姐)
5.
先行词不同
限制性定语从句的先行词只能是名词或代词,
而非限制性定语从句的先行词既可以是名词或代词,
也可以是短语或句子;
另外,
当先行词为专有名词或其他具有独一无二性的普通名词时,
通常要用非限制性定语从句,
而不用限制性定语从句。
Peter
drove
too
fast,
which
was
dangerous.
彼得开车很快,
这是危险的。(which指drove
too
fast)
He
changed
his
mind,
which
made
me
very
angry.
他改变了主意,
这使我很生气。(which指整个主句)
Mr
Smith,
who
is
our
boss,
will
leave
for
Japan
next
week.
我们的老板史密斯先生下周要去日本。(先行词为专有名词,
要用非限制性定语从句修饰)
Her
father,
who
has
a
lot
of
money,
wishes
her
to
study
abroad.
她父亲很有钱,
希望她出国学习。(先行词为表示独一无二意义的普通名词,
要用非限制性定语从句修饰)
6.
关系词不同
关系词that和why可用于限制性定语从句中,
通常不用于非限制性定语从句;
另外,
在限制性定语从句中,
关系词有时可以省略,
而在非限制性定语从句中关系词一律不能省略。
(1)Her
sister,
who
teaches
us
English,
will
go
abroad
next
year.
?
她的姐姐教我们英语,
她明年将要出国。
(2)Here
is
Mr
White,
whom
you’ve
been
waiting
for
a
long
time.
?
这就是怀特先生,
你等了很久的人。
(3)She
has
found
the
necklace
(that)
she
lost
two
weeks
ago.
?
她找到了那条两周前丢失的项链。
(4)He
is
the
man
who
lives
next
to
me.
?
他就是住在我隔壁的那个人。
(5)The
book,
which
he
lost
yesterday,
has
been
found.
?
他昨天丢的那本书已经找到了。
使用本单元所学非限制性定语从句,
结合中文提示补全短文
In
December
2019,
a
deadly
virus,
1.
which
was
later
named
COVID-19
by
WHO(后来被世界卫生组织命名为COVID-19),
attacked
Wuhan.
At
first,
few
people
cared
about
it
and
people
were
busy
preparing
for
the
coming
Spring
Festival.
However,
it
spread
so
quickly
that
a
large
number
of
people
were
infected
with
COVID-19,
2.
which
got
the
attention
of
the
public
and
the
government(这引起了公众和政府的注意).
?
Dr
Zhong
Nanshan,
3.
who
saved
many
people’s
lives
in
2003(他在2003年挽救了许多人的生命),
4.
when
SARS
broke
out
in
China(那时SARS在中国爆发),
went
to
Wuhan
by
train.
He
realised
that
the
disease
could
be
spread
from
person
to
person,
so
he
advised
people
to
wear
masks,
wash
hands
frequently,
stay
at
home
and
not
to
go
to
crowded
places.
Besides
Dr
Zhong
Nanshan,
another
expert
Li
Lanjuan
has
also
made
great
contributions
to
this
battle,
5.
who
advised
the
government
to
lock
down
the
entire
city
(建议政府封城)to
prevent
the
virus
from
spreading
to
other
places.
Fortunately,
her
advice
was
accepted.
Two
hospital,
6.
whose
names
were
Huoshenshan
Hospital
and
Leishenshan
Hospital(它们的名字是火神山医院和雷神山医院),
were
built
in
Wuhan
to
treat
the
patients.
With
the
joint
efforts
of
all
Chinese
people,
the
number
of
patients
suffering
from
COVID-19
in
China
has
reduced
a
lot.
?
【主题活动·话题实践】
Ⅰ.
话题词汇
1.
grin
from
ear
to
ear
咧着嘴笑
2.
win
a
free
cinema
ticket
赢得一张免费电影票
3.
laugh
one’s
head
off
笑掉大牙
4.
deserve
a
second
chance
应该再得到一次机会
5.
long
face
愁眉苦脸
6.
laughing
stock
笑料,
笑柄
7.
crack
a
smile
笑了起来
8.
practical
joke
恶作剧
9.
TV
stations
电视台
10.
play
tricks
on
捉弄,
戏耍
11.
fall
over
跌倒,
摔倒
Ⅱ.
话题情境
根据情境和提示完成对话。
1.
A:
Why
the
long
face(愁眉苦脸)?
?
B:
First
I
lost
my
key,
then
I
fell
over
and
my
boyfriend
broke
up
with
me!
2.
A:
How
was
the
performance
last
night?
B:
Great!
It
was
really
funny.
We
were
laughing
our
heads
off(我们笑掉了大牙).
?
3.
A:
I
think
we
should
fire
Tom.
B:
I
don’t
think
so.
I
think
he
should
deserve
a
second
chance(他应该再得到一次机会).
After
all,
he
is
very
young.
?
4.
A:
What’s
the
matter?
B:
The
naughty
boys
hid
John’s
bike
to
play
tricks
on
(捉弄)him.
?
5.
A:
What
did
you
do
with
the
apple?
B:
I
gave
it
to
a
boy.
He
grinned
from
ear
to
ear(咧着嘴笑)
when
I
handed
it
to
him.
?
Ⅲ.
情境句式
1.
I
really
don’t
get/understand
.
.
.
我真的不理解……
2.
What’s
the
matter?
/What’s
wrong?
怎么了?
3.
That’s
so
funny.
/That’s
really
interesting.
太好玩了。
4.
Let’s
start
/begin
with
a
nice
English
song.
让我们以一首好听的英文歌曲开始吧。
5.
I’d
be
pretty
annoyed/very
angry
if.
.
.
如果……我会很生气。
6.
I
can
imagine!
我可以想象出来!
Ⅳ.
情境交流
放学后,
汤姆遇到迈克,
他们谈论起了托尼。
A:
1.
I
really
don’t
get
Tony(我真的不理解托尼).
He
has
got
the
first
place.
Why
the
long
face?
?
B:
That’s
because
he
came
into
conflict
with
his
friend.
A:
2.
What’s
the
matter(怎么了)?
?
B:
His
friend
wanted
to
copy
his
answers
during
the
exam
but
he
refused.
Now
although
they
meet
from
time
to
time,
his
friend
doesn’t
ignore
him.
A:
3.
I’d
be
pretty
annoyed
(我会相当恼火)if
someone
treated
me
like
that.
?
B:
We
had
better
think
of
a
way
to
help
them
make
up.
4.
Let’s
start
with
a
film(让我们以电影开始吧).
We
can
give
each
of
them
a
free
cinema
ticket
and
let
both
of
them
to
go
to
see
a
movie.
?
A:
5.
That’s
so
funny(太好玩了).
Let’s
have
a
try.
?
PAGEUnit
1 Laugh
out
loud!
【单元脉图·素养导引】
【聆听经典·话题热身】
When
smiling
you
are
really
nice(《你笑起来真好看》)是由周兵作词,
李凯稠作曲,
李昕融、樊桐舟、李凯稠合作演唱的歌曲,
正式发行于2019年4月24日。最惬意的事莫过于听一首如春风似暖阳的歌,
轻松一笑,
涤荡心灵。?
注:
听音填空
I
want
to
①travel
afar?
I
want
to
see
the
seagull
②In
spite
of
much
wind
and
rain?
I
feel
good
with
you
I
love
looking
at
your
lip
I
love
looking
at
your
brow
The
white
clouds
in
the
blue
sky
Seem
like
your
bright
smile
When
smiling
you
are
really
nice
Like
the
flower
in
springtime
Taking
all
my
worry
and
all
my
sorrow
Now
so
③far
away?
When
smiling
you
are
really
nice
Just
like
summer
sunshine
④All
of
the
time
in
the
entire
world
is
so
beautiful?
I
want
to
travel
afar
I
want
to
see
the
seagull
In
spite
of
much
⑤wind
and
rain?
I
feel
good
with
you
I
love
looking
at
your
lip
I
love
looking
at
your
brow
The
white
clouds
in
the
blue
sky
Seem
like
your
bright
smile
When
smiling
you
are
really
nice
Like
the
flower
in
springtime
Taking
all
my
worry
and
all
my
sorrow
Now
so
far
away
When
smiling
you
are
really
nice
Just
like
summer
sunshine
All
of
the
time
in
the
entire
world
is
so
beautiful
When
smiling
you
are
really
nice
Like
the
flower
in
springtime
Taking
all
my
worry
and
all
my
sorrow
Now
so
far
away
When
smiling
you
are
really
nice
Just
like
summer
sunshine
All
of
the
time
in
the
entire
world
is
so
beautiful
When
smiling
you
are
really
nice
Like
the
flower
in
springtime
Taking
all
my
worry
and
all
my
sorrow
Now
so
far
away
When
smiling
you
are
really
nice
Just
like
summer
sunshine
All
of
the
time
in
the
entire
world
is
so
beautiful
All
of
the
time
in
the
entire
world
is
so
beautiful
1.
afar
/??fɑ?(r)/
adv.
从远处
2.
seagull
/?si?ɡ?l/
n.
海鸥
3.
sorrow
/?s?r??/
n.
悲伤;
悲痛;
伤心事
4.
entire
/?n?ta??(r)/
adj.
全部的,
整个的;
完全的
译文:
想去远方的山川
想去海边看海鸥
不管风雨有多少
有你就足够
喜欢看你的嘴角
喜欢看你的眉梢
白云挂在那蓝天
像你的微笑
你笑起来真好看
像春天的花一样
把所有的烦恼所有的忧愁
统统都吹散
你笑起来真好看
像夏天的阳光
整个世界全部的时光美得像画卷
想去远方的山川
想去海边看海鸥
不管风雨有多少
有你就足够
喜欢看你的嘴角
喜欢看你的眉梢
白云挂在那蓝天
像你的微笑
你笑起来真好看
像春天的花一样
把所有的烦恼所有的忧愁
统统都吹散
你笑起来真好看
像夏天的阳光
整个世界全部的时光美得像画卷
你笑起来真好看
像春天的花一样
把所有的烦恼所有的忧愁
统统都吹散
你笑起来真好看
像夏天的阳光
整个世界全部的时光美得像画卷
你笑起来真好看
像春天的花一样
把所有的烦恼所有的忧愁
统统都吹散
你笑起来真好看
像夏天的阳光
整个世界全部的时光美得像画卷
整个世界全部的时光美得像画卷
PAGE
