2012年中考英语第一轮复习资料九年级精讲精练Unit04

马石立中学九年级英语第一轮复习资料
――Unit 4 Book9
【词汇检测】
1百万_________2医学的_________3调查_________4领带_________5烦恼_________6如果…将会怎么样_________7丘疹_________8考试_________9有活力的_________10有把握的_________11许可_________12她本身_________13打扰_________14微不足道的_________15一点也_________16使生气_________17相当完全_________18很多的_________19与…相处_________20圈子;阶层_________21听者_________22知识渊博的_________23代表_________24使…失望_________25提出;想出_________26剩余部分_________27救助_________28急救_________29不远的_________30搁板_________31出版_________32覆盖_________33压_________34深的_________35顺楼梯而下_________36对的_________37烧伤_________38膝盖_________39痛_________40使受伤_________41安全_________42提供_________43拒绝_________44有帮助的_________45对待_________46烧伤_________47多斑点的_________
【短语集中】
1. feel shy2. the night before3. take a big exam4. take a walk5. go to bed6. fall asleep7. give it to the charity8. put it in the bank9. medical research10. be late for11. enjoy oneself at the party12. help solve the problem13. fall asleep / go to sleep14. seem friendly15. keep a pet16. be afraid to do17. ask sb. to do18. ask sb. a question19. give a speech20. without one’s permission21. the whole school22. make friends with 23. tell sb. to do 24. tell sb. about sth.25. begin to do /doing 26. introduce oneself27. introduce A to B28. invite sb. to do/somewhere29. not…in the slightest30. get along with 31. stay at home32. a good listener33. in groups34. a group of students35. keep silent36. all the time37. get into trouble38. represent our class39. let sb. down40. think of 41. have a rest42. in fact43. on the shelf44. cover A with B45. make her happy46. see a doctor47. burned area.48. in public49. deal with 50. eat lots of fruits and vegetables
【疑点注释】
1. What would you do if you won a million dollars (P26)假如你赢了一百万美元，你将用它做什么？
动词win和beat 都可以表示“赢，胜”，其区别是：前者后接比赛、奖品、名声、胜利、游戏、战役等；后者接人、队。
I was very glad when the boys won the relay race.
男同学们赢得了接力赛跑，我非常高兴。
You beat me in the race, but I’ll beat you at tennis.
赛跑你胜了我，但网球我要赢你。
短语链语
win a battle打胜仗；win the war赢得战争；win a bet赌赢；win a match比赛获胜；win an election选举获胜。
2. If I were you, I’d wear a shirt and tie. (P27) 如果我是你，我就穿衬衫戴领带。
tie在这里是名词，意为“领带，带子”等。
He wore a blue tie.他打着蓝色的领带。
知识拓展
tie也可用作动词，表示“系”，“捆绑”，常与介词to连用，表示“把……系在……上”。特别注意tie的现在分词为tying。
He tied his dog to the fence. 他把狗拴在了栅栏上。
3. If I were you, I’d be a little late. (P27) 如果我是你,我就晚点到。
a little可以作状语修饰动词、形容词、副词以及形容词和副词的比较级等，相当于a bit。
Try to help your mother a little. 设法帮你妈妈一点忙。
I feel a little better. 我感觉好一点了。
特别提示
a little意为“一点，稍微”，既可作形容词，又可作名词。用作形容词时，表达肯定含义，后面接不可数名词。
Please give me a little water.请给我一点水。（形容词）
I know a little about that man.那个人的情况我知道一点。（名词）
魔力解析
not a little和not a bit两者意义不同，前者意为“很多”,“不少”（=much），后者意为“一点也不”,“一点也没有”（=not at all）。
4. What if everyone else brings a present (P27)要是其他人都带了礼物该怎么办呢？
(1)everyone else中的else用来修饰everyone，表示“其他的，别的”，它常放在疑问词或不定代词的后面。
Is there anything else 有别的东西吗？
What else can you see 你能看见别的什么东西吗？
知识拓展
else还常与or连用，意思是“否则，要不然”。
You must pay ＄100 or else go to prison. 你必须付一百美元，否则就得去坐牢。
(2)what if 表示“要是……又怎么样？”的意思，其结构相当于what would happen if...。
What if it rains when we can’t get under shelter
假若下起雨来，我们又没处避雨可怎么办？
5. Well, dogs can be a lot of trouble. (P28)噢，狗可能带来许多麻烦。
名词trouble在这里意为“麻烦，烦恼，困难”。
I have some trouble in reading his handwriting. 我认他的笔迹有点难。
I am sorry to put you to so much trouble. 很抱歉这样麻烦你。
短语链语
be in trouble “处于困境中”。
He is in trouble. Let’s help him. 他现在处于困境中，我们帮帮他吧。
6. I’d introduce myself. (P29)我会作自我介绍。
这里的introduce是动词，意为“介绍”，常用于introduce sb to sb句型中，表示“把某人介绍给某人”。
He introduced his father to the teacher. 他把他父亲介绍给老师。
I introduced myself to the class. 我向班上同学作了自我介绍。
7. I’d invite him/her to have dinner at my house. (P29)我会邀请他/她到我家吃晚饭。
动词invite在这里意为“邀请”，常用于invite sb to do sth句型，用来表示“邀请某人做某事”。
They invited us to go to Beijing. 他们邀请我们去北京。
They invited us to stay for the weekend. 他们邀请我们在他们家度周末。
8. If you answered c for most questions, then you are probably pretty confident. (P30)如果你大部分问题的答案都是c, 那么你可能相当自信。
(1)answer ...for questions意为“把问题回答成……”。
(2)probably 表示“很可能，或许”，语气较强，是有几分根据的推测或判断，含有可能性较大的意味，常位于行为动词前，情态动词、助动词或be动词后，有时也位于句首。
He can probably tell us the truth. 他很可能会告诉我们实情。
(3)confident是形容词，其名词为confidence，常用句型：have confidence in sb表示“信任/信赖某人”。
I have complete confidence in him. 我完全信任他。
(4)pretty在这里作副词用，相当于very,可用来修饰形容词或副词，意为“相当地”，表示程度。如：pretty beautiful很美；pretty well相当好。
I’m pretty sure he will come on time. 我很确信他会准时来。
The homework you did yesterday is pretty poor, you’d better do it once more.你昨天的作业做得相当糟，你最好重做。
9. Social situations don’t bother you in the slightest. (P30)社会环境一点儿也不会影响你。
本句中的bother是“打扰，扰乱”的意思，相当于disturb。
He’s busy. Don’t bother him. 他很忙，别打扰他。
I’m sorry to bother you, but can you tell me the time 很抱歉打扰了，你能告诉我几点了吗？
10. Sometimes you might annoy people because you’re so confident. (P30)有时候因为你太自信可能惹恼其他人。
动词annoy是“使烦恼，使生气，打搅”的意思。
He annoyed to learn that he would not be able to catch the train.
听说赶不上火车,他心里感到烦恼。
11. You have plenty of friends and you enjoy the company of other people. (P30)你有很多朋友，而且还喜欢同他人在一起。
本句中的plenty通常用作名词，意为“充足”，“大量”。
—Have you enough money for the ticket 你买票的钱够吗？
—Yes, I have plenty.够，我的钱足够了。
◎plenty与of构成固定词组，意为“很多的”，“大量的”，既可以修饰可数名词的复数形式，也可以修饰不可数名词。“plenty of+名词”在句中作主语时，谓语动词的数由plenty of后面的名词的数决定。
There are plenty of books on the desk.桌上有许多书。
Don’t worry. There is plenty of time.别着急，时间很充裕。
12. Your friends would probably say that you are easy to get along with. (P30)你的朋友或许说你很容易相处。
get on/along with sb都可表示“与某人相处”，在with前可以加副词，表示“相处得如何”。如：当表示“和某人相处融洽”时可用get on/along well with sb。
特别提示
get on/along with sth后面接事或物时，表示“（某事）进展，进行”之意。
—How are you getting on with your studies 你的功课学得怎样？
—I’m getting along very well with my studies. 我功课学得很好。
13. You like talking to one or two people rather than to a group. (P30)你喜欢跟一两个人说话,而不喜欢跟一群人说话。
本句中的rather than相当于instead of，表示“不愿，不要，不是”之意，常用来连接两个并列的句子成分。
I think I’ll have a cold drink rather than coffee.
我想要一杯冷饮料而不是咖啡。
He ran rather than walked to school. 他跑步去上学而不是步行。
特别提示
rather than还可以用在“prefer+动词不定式”的后面，后接另一动词不定式（to要省略）。
I prefer to read rather than do nothing.
我宁愿看书也不愿无所事事。
魔力纠错
我喜欢苹果，而不喜欢梨。
误：I prefer apples to rather than pears.
正：I prefer apples to pears.
魔力解析
“prefer+名词/动名词+to+名词/动名词”结构本身就含有比较之意，所以不能使用rather than短语。
知识拓展
would/had rather...than...常用来表示主观上的的抉择。
I would/had rather join you in research work than go on holiday to the seaside.我宁愿和你们一起参加科研工作，也不愿到海边度假。
The shy girl would/had rather work at home than go to a party.
这个腼腆的女孩宁愿在家干活，也不愿去参加晚会。
14. ...but you always come up with good solutions to people’s problems.(P31)……但是你总能想出好方法来解决人们的问题。
come up with在本句中是“提出，想出”的意思，相当于find or produce (an answer)。
The teacher asked a difficult question, but finally Jim came up with a good answer.老师提问了一个难题，但是最后吉姆想出了一个好方法。
He couldn’t come up with an answer when I asked him why he was late.
当我问他为什么迟到的时候，他想不出一个理由来。
特别提示
come up with也可意为“赶上，追上”，与catch up with同义。
We shall have to work hard to come up with them.
我们要努力工作，赶上他们。
15.His new book What Would You Do If... came out last month. (P32) 他的新书《如果……你该怎么办 》上个月出版了。
本句中的come out意为“出版，发表”，其中out是副词。
When will Shui Mu Nian Hua’s new recording come out
水木年华的新唱片什么时候发行？
The new textbooks will come out at the end of this month. We need to wait. 新课本这个月底就要出版了。我们需要等一等。
◎come out还可以表示“出来”;“（花）开放”之意。
The sun is coming out. 太阳就要出来了。
The flowers begin to come out in spring. 春天花儿开始开放。
16. And if it hurt for more than a few days, I’d see a doctor.（P32）但是如果它疼了好几天，我就会去看医生。
这里的over和more than都是“多于……，超过……”的意思，两者常可替换。
There were over/more than 100 people at the party.
有一百多人参加了晚会。
【句子再现】
1. If I were you , I’d wear a shirt and tie.
2. What would you do if you won a million dollars
3. I don’t know what to wear.
4. I don’t have a present. What if everyone else brings a present
5. Then I’m too tired to do well.
6. I amn’t afraid to speak in public ---( mean : confident)
7. What are you like I think I’m creative and outgoing.
8. I’d tell him to ask my permission before he borrows something next time.
9. I’d wait for him to introduce himself to me.
10. Social situations don’t bother you in the slightest.
11. You would also rather stay at home and read a book than go to a party.
12. She doesn’t want to let her friends down, she’s terrified of speaking in front of other people.
13. I can’t think of any good advice to give her, but you always come up with good solutions to people’s problems.
12. What do you think I should tell the rest of the students
-What would you do if you cut yourself by accident
-You should cover the cut with a clean cloth and press it hard. If it’s a deep cut, you should see a doctor.
-If my grandmother fell downstairs and wasn’t moving, I’d hurry to call the hospital first. Is that correct
-Yes, speed is very important. Get the medical help first, then make her comfortable and stay with her.
-What would you do if you burned yourself by accident
-Well, first find out how bad it is. Then put the burned area under cold running water.
-What would you do if you injured your knee while running
-If I felt some pain, I’d stop exercising. And if it hurt for more than a few days, I’d see a doctor.
【考点归纳】
1. if 引导的非真实性条件状语从句 即 虚拟语气
通过动词形式的变化来表示说话人对发生的动作或存在的状态
所持的态度或看法的动词形式称为语气，虚拟语气表示说话人所说的
话不是事实，而是一种祝愿，建议或是与事实相反的假设等。
If 引导的条件状语从句分为真实和非真实条件句，非真实条件
句应用虚拟语气。如果要表示与现在或将来事实相反时，其虚拟语气结构为：
句 型 条件从句 主 句
谓语动词形式 动词过去式(be动词用were) would+动词原形
即：(从句)if +主语+动词过去式(be 动词用were), 一般过去时
(主句) 主语+would+动词原形 过去将来时
如：If I had time, I would go for a walk.
如果我有时间，我就会去散步。(事实上我现在没有时间)
If I were you, I would take an umbrella.
假如我是你的话，我会带上雨伞。(事实上我不是你)
I would say no if someone asked me to be in a movie. 假如有人请我当电影演员，我会表示拒绝。(事实上瑞没有人请我当电影演员)
2. pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 I pretended to sleep just now.
pretend +从句 假装… I pretended that I fell asleep.
3. be late for 迟到 如：
I am late for work/ school/ class/ party.
4. a few 与 a little 的区别，few 与 little 的区别
⑴ a few 一些 修饰可数名词
a little 一些 修饰不可数名词 两者表肯定意义
如：He has a few friends. 他有一些朋友。
There is a little sugar in the bottle. 在瓶子里有一些糖。
⑵ few 少数的 修饰可数名词
little 少数的　修饰不可数名词 但两者表否定意义
如：He has few friends. 他没有几个朋友。
There is little sugar in the bottle.在瓶子里没有多少糖。
5. still 仍然,还 用在be动词之后，行为动词之前 如：
I am still a student.我仍然是个学生 I still love him.我仍然爱他。
6. hundred, thousand , million, billion (十亿)词前面有数词或several
一词时要不能加s ，反之，则要加s 并与of 连用， 表示数量很
多 如：several hundred/ thousand/ million/ billion people
几百/千/百万/十亿人 hundreds of trees 上百棵树
7. what if + 从句 如果…怎么办 ， 要是… 又怎么样 如：
What if she doesn’t come 要是她不来怎么办？
What if LiLei knows 如果李雷知道了怎么办？
8. add sth. to sth. 添加…到… 如： I added some sugar to water. 我把糖添加到水里。
9. 系动词与形容词连用 get nervous 变得紧张
feel shy 觉得害羞 look friendly 看起来友好
10. too +形/副+to do sth. 太…而不能 如：
I’m too tired to stand. 我太累了而不能站。
11. help with sth. 如：They help with this problem.
help sb. do. 如：They help you relax. 他们帮助你放松
12. in public 在公共场所 如:
Don’t smoke in public. 请不要在公共场所吸烟。
13. energetic adj. 活力的 如：She is a energetic girl. 她是一个活力的女孩。
energy n. 活力 如：She has lots of energies. 她有活力。
14. ask sb. to do 叫…做某事
ask sb. not to do sth.叫…不要做某事
tell sb. to do 告诉…做某事
tell sb. not to do sth. 告诉…不要做某事
如：Teacher asked me to clean the classroom.
Teacher asked me not to clean the classroom.
15. start doing == start to do. 开始做某事 如：
He started speaking/ to speak. 他开始说话。
16. borrow sth. from sb. 从某人那里借来某物 如：
I borrowed a book from Lily. 我从莉莉那里借来一本书。
17.wait for sb.等某人 如：I am wait for him. 我正在等他。
18. introduce sb. to sb. 把某人介绍给某人 如：
I introduced Lily to Anna. 我把莉莉介绍给安娜。
19. invite sb. to do 邀请某人做某事 如：
Lily invited me to go to her home for supper. 莉莉邀请我去她家吃晚饭。
20. have dinner/ supper 吃晚饭
have lunch/ breakfast 吃午餐、吃早餐
21. plenty of 修饰不可数名词，也可以修饰可数名词 许多 如：
They have plenty of food/ apples. 他们有许多的食物/苹果。
22. 给某人某物 give sth. to sb. 如： give an apple to me
give sb. sth. give me an apple 给我一个苹果
23. get along with sb. 与…相处 如：
Do you get along well with your friends 你和你的朋友相处得好吗？
24. would rather do sth. than do sth. 表示愿做某事而不愿做某事 如：
I would rather walk than run.
25. whole 整个 26. in fact 事实上
27. let sb. down 让某人失望 如：
Don’t let your mother down. 不要让你的妈妈失望。
e up with sth. 提出 想出 如：He came up with a good idea. 他提出了一个好主意。
catch up with sb. 追上 赶上 如： Lily caught up with Anna. 莉莉赶上了安娜。
29. have experience doing 在做某事有经验 如：
I have experience teaching Chinese. 我在教英语方面有经验。
e out 出版，出来 如：The magazine comes out once a week. 这种杂志每周出一次。
31. by accident 偶然地，无意之中 如：
Last week I cut my finger by accident. 上个星期我不小心割到自己的手指。
32. hurry to do 匆忙… I hurry to call the police. 33. more than 超过
34. offer sb. sth. 给某人提供某物
宾语从句 宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。
由连接词+ 主语+ 谓语　构成
　常由下面的一些词引导：
㈠由that 引导 表示陈述意义 that 可省略
He says (that) he is at home. 他说他在家里。
㈡由if , whether 引导 表示 一般疑问意义(带有是否、已否、对否等)
I don’t know if / whether Wei Hua likes fish.
我不知道韦华是否喜欢鱼。
㈢由 连接代词、连接副词(疑问词) 引导 表示特殊疑问意义
Do you know what he wants to buy 你知道他想要买什么吗？
㈣从句时态要与主句一致
当主句是一般现在时，从句根据情况使用任何时态
He says (that ) he is at home. 他说他在家里。
I don’t know (that) she is singing now. 我不知道她正在唱歌。
She wants to know if I have finished my homework.
她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。
Do you know when he will be back 你知道他将会什么时候回来？
当主句是一般过去时，从句应使用过去某时态(一般过去时,
过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时)
He said (that) he was at home. 他说他在家里。
I didn’t know that she was singing now. 我不知道她正在唱歌。
She wanted to know if I had finished m homework.
她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。
Did you know when he would be back 你知道他将会什么时候回来？
【语法聚焦】
虚拟语气：如果我们所说的不是事实，也不是要求、命令、劝告等，而只是一种假设、愿望、建议或是一种实现不了的空想就用虚拟语气。
虚拟语气常用在条件句中，及其他一些从句中。
注意：条件句分两种，真实条件句和虚拟条件句。只有在虚拟（非真实）条件句中，才用虚拟语气，而在真实条件句中，要用陈述语气。
请比较：
（1）If it is sunny tomorrow , we’ll go to the zoo.
如果明天天气好，我们将会去公园。在这句话中，明天天气好是完全有可能实现的，并非虚拟、幻想，因此是真实条件句。在本句中，适用“主将从现”。
（2）If I were you , I would go at once.
（如果我是你的话，我立刻就走。）在这句话中，条件句，“如果我是你”，但事实上，我不可能成为你，这只是假设的情况，没有实现的可能。当条件实现的可能性很小，甚至可以说没有时，就需要用虚拟语气来表示，动词发生了变化。
【话题训练】
读下面的一封信，然后写封回信，要求最少用三句虚拟语气，80字左右。
Dear Sir,
I need some help,I can`t speak English well,and I am very shy so I`m terrified of speaking in front of the class.What do you think I should do
Your student,
Tom