2012年中考英语第一轮复习资料九年级精讲精练Unit05

马石立中学九年级英语第一轮复习资料
――Unit 5 Book9
【词汇检测】
1属于_________2属于_________3作家_________4郊游;野餐_________5发带_________6可能的_________7落下_________ 8交响曲_________9配镜师_________10约会_________11代数_________12关键的_________13值_________14最后的_________15不安的_________16焦虑的_________17业主_________18牛津大学_________19追赶_________20天空_________21生物;动物_________22捕获_________23不愉快的_________24极其_________25接见_________26嘈杂声_________27风_________28邻居_________29足迹_________30垃圾_________31神秘的事物_________32主任_________33猴子_________34逃跑_________35犬声_________36气味_________37手指_________38举起_________39石头_________40蚂蚁_________41不诚实的_________42假装_________43用光_________44试图_________45网_________46关掉_________47北极熊_________48越南_________
【短语集中】
1. must be 2 .might be3 .Jane’s little brother4. her favorite author5 .hair band6. toy car7. listen to classical music8. things in the backpack9. belong to10. at optometrist appointment11. have a math test on algebra12 .a present for his mother13. chase a man14 .something in the sky15.some strange creature 16 .a woman with a camera17 .be late for work18 .make a movie19 .be interviewed 20. hear strange noise 21.call the police22 .next door neighbor23 .everyone in our neighbor24 .footsteps in the hallway25. find garbage in front of the house 26 .escape from the zoo27 .swim in an ocean of paper28 .too much homework29.be worried about30.use up
【句子再现】
A: Look at the man running down the street. I wonder what’s happening
B: He could be running for exercise.
A: But he’s wearing a suit. He can’t be exercising. He might be running to catch a bus.
B: He might be also late for work.
A: He looks kind of scared.
B: Look! There’s something in the sky.
A: It could be a helicopter.
B: No, it can’t be a helicopter. It must be a UFO. And there’s a strange creature getting out.
A: It must be an alien. The alien is chasing the man. I must be dreaming.
B: Wait a minute. Over there. They must be making a movie.
1. Whose book is this It must be Mary’s. Hemingway is her favorite author.
2. When he was interviewed by the local newspaper, he said, “Every night we hear strange noises outside our window.
3. There must be something visiting the homes in our neighborhood.
4. The director of the local zoo says that three monkeys escaped from the zoo.
5. In my dream, I was swimming in an ocean of paper. Maybe it means you’re afraid of too much homework.
6. Fred is afraid of flying. He feels anxious before he gets on the plane.
7. You can’t wake a person who is pretending to be asleep.
8. He who would do great things should not attempt them all alone.
【疑点注释】
1. It must belong to Carla.(P34)它肯定是卡拉的。
belong to是“属于”的意思，后面常接人，这时句子的主语习惯是用物件名词或代词来充当。
This cell phone belongs to me. 这个手机是我的。
◎belong to常与物主代词进行句型替换。
These books belong to me.=These books are mine.这些书属于我的。
2. He was the only little kid at the picnic. (P34)他是野餐中惟一的小孩。
副词only一般放在它所修饰的词之前。它在句中的位置不同，句意也不同，大家千万要留意啊！
Only Tom drives the new car on Sunday.
只有汤姆在星期日开新车。（强调“只有汤姆而没有其他人”。）
Tom only drives the new car on Sunday.
汤姆在星期日只是开新车。（强调“只是开车而不干其他事”。）
Tom drives only the new car on Sunday.
汤姆在星期日只开新车。（强调“只开新车而不开旧车”。）
Tom drives the new car only on Sunday.
汤姆仅在星期日开新车。（强调“只在星期日而不在其他日子”。）
3. I dropped it during the concert so it might still be in the symphony hall. (P36)音乐会期间我把它弄丢了，因此，它可能还在交响乐大厅里。
drop在此处用作及物动词，是“使落下”的意思，表示无意或故意掉下某一物体。
The Class Two runner dropped his stick on the ground.
二班的运动员把接力棒掉在了地上。
He dropped the letter into the mailbox. 他把信投入信箱。
◎drop还可用作不及物动词，后面不接宾语，表示“掉下，落下”之意。
The apple dropped from the tree to the ground. 苹果从树上掉到地上。
The kite dropped into a very tall tree. 风筝落在了一棵大树上。
◎drop作动词时，还有“放弃，不再干”的意思，与give up同义。
Don’t drop English. It’s very useful. 不要放弃英语，它非常有用。
Let’s drop that subject and discuss something else.
让我们放弃这个题目，谈点别的吧。
特别提示
drop作名词时，是“滴，少量”;“下降，下落”的意思。
—Would you like some more tea 想再喝点茶吗？
—Just a drop, please. 请给一点。
There was a sudden drop in the temperature. 气温突然下降。
4. I tried to call you but your mom said you were still at your optometrist appointment. (P36)我设法给你打电话，可你的妈妈说你还在如约验光配眼镜呢。
(1)appointment是“约会;指定”的意思，其中-ment是名词后缀。
move移动—movement移动 agree同意—agreement同意
achieve完成—achievement成绩，成就 improve改善—improvement改进
(2)try to do sth 表示“设法/努力/企图做某事”。
I tried to get there at seven, but I was late.
我设法7点到达那里，但还是迟到了。
People are trying to solve the problem of water shortage.
人们正设法解决缺水的问题。
◎try doing sth表示“试着做某事”。
Try knocking at the back door if nobody hears you at the front door.
如果前门没有人听到，你就试试敲后门。
Why not try doing the maths problem in other ways
为什么不试试用别的办法做这道数学题呢？
5. I really need it because I have a math test on algebra tomorrow. (P36)我真的需要它，因为明天我有一场代数考试。
on 在此处是“关于”的意思，此外about也有“关于，有关”的意思，一般可通用，但on更正式。有关学术性的，可供研究的文章、演讲、专著等常用on，一般不用about。比较下列句子：
He is reading a book about stars.
他正在读一本关于星辰的书。（也许是一本关于星辰的故事书）
Mr Li wanted to borrow a book on stars.
李先生想借一本关于恒星的书。（也许是有关恒星的学术性专著）
6. It’s crucial that I study for it because it counts 30% to the final exam. (P36)我复习应对的这次考试很重要，因为它占期末考试的30%。
(1)It’s crucial that I study for it...是一个由that引导的主语从句。主语从句可以直接放在句首，也可以用it作形式主语，而将从句放在句末。
That light travels in straight lines is known to all.
=It’s known to all that light travels in straight lines.众所周知，光沿直线传播。
魔力纠错
他要的东西是一本书。
误：It is a book what he wants.
正：What he wants is a book.
魔力解析
what引导的主语从句一般不用it作形式主语的结构。
(2) count 表示“算入，计算在内”，习惯上按顺序计数，相加得出结果，也可指“算入”，或“包含在内”的意思，后面可以接宾语。
Don’t forget to count your change. 别忘了数一数你的零钱。
特别提示
连词because意为“因为”时，常用来引导原因状语从句；后面不能加名词或代词。
Because it was too hot, we could not drink the milk. 牛奶太烫，我们喝不下去。
He isn’t coming because he is very busy. 他不来了，因为他很忙。
7. The earrings might be a present for his mother. (P36)耳环可能是他给他妈妈的礼物。
介词for在这里表示“为”，“给”。
Can I do something for you 我能为你做些什么吗？
知识拓展
下面我们再看看for的其他用法：
◎表示“当作”，“作为”。
I’d like some bread and milk for breakfast. 早饭我想要些面包、牛奶。
◎表示动作的对象或接受者，意为“就……而言”，“对……来说”。
It’s important for us to learn English well. 学好英语对我们来说很重要。
◎表示理由或原因，意为“因为”,“由于”。
Thank you for teaching us so well. 谢谢你把我们教得这么好。
◎表示去向、目标，意为“向，往；取；买”等。
I came here for my schoolbag. 我来这儿取我的书包。
◎表示时间、距离，意为“计，达”。
She has been an English teacher for seven years.她当一名英文老师有七年了。
◎表示与具体条件作比较，意为“比起来”，“就……来看”。
It’s rather hot for May. 对于五月来说，这已相当热了。
8. The UFO is landing. (P37)那个不明飞行物正在着陆。
(1)UFO是Unidentified Flying Object的首字母缩写形式，意为“不明飞行物”。
(2)此句中的land是不及物动词，主要指“（从空中）降落，落下”，也可指从船上“登陆；卸下”。
The plane landed safely. 飞机安全着陆了。
The ship landed the goods at Bombay. 那船在孟买卸了货。
9. He might be running to catch a bus. (P37)他可能正跑着去赶公共汽车呢。
(1)might be running属于“情态动词+行为动词的进行式（即情态动词+be+v-ing形式）”结构，表示推测某动作现在是否正在进行。
He might be sleeping at home now. 他现在可能在家里睡觉呢。
(2)catch a bus“赶班车”，其中的catch含有“匆忙”的意思，可以用take替换。
Please hurry up, or we can’t catch the first bus.
请快点，否则赶不上早班车了。
10. However, these days, strange things are happening in our neighborhood and everyone is unhappy. (P38)但是这些天，我们街坊发生了一些奇怪的事情，这使得每个人都不开心。
happen是不及物动词，意为“发生”，其主语一般为事，而不能是人，且不能用于被动语态。
This accident happened at the corner. 事故发生在拐角处。
◎表示“……发生了什么事”应用sth happens/happened to+名词/代词。
Something has happened to the train. 火车出事故了。
知识拓展
happen表示“碰巧”之意时，其主语可以是人，后面常跟动词不定式。
Last Sunday I happened to meet one of my old friends in the street.
上星期天我在街上碰巧遇到了我的一个老朋友。
I happened to be there when the fire started.大火发生时我碰巧在那儿。
◎happen表示“碰巧”时，还可用于It happens/happened that...结构，这种结构可与上述结构互换。
It happened that the famous actor was her brother.
=The famous actor happened to be her brother.
那个著名的演员碰巧是她哥哥。
特别提示
take place意为“发生”时，常指有计划安排的事情的发生与进行，不含偶然的意味。
When will the wedding take place 婚礼什么时候举行？
11. When he was interviewed by the local newspaper... (P38)当地的报纸采访他时……
(1)was interviewed是一般过去时的被动语态，其构成为：was/were+及物动词的过去分词。
The PLA was founded on August 1, 1927.
中国人民解放军创建于1927年8月1日。
(2)interview在这里作动词，是“接见，采访，会晤”的意思。
The newspaper reporters interviewed the minister.
报界记者采访了这位部长。
12. ...but they can’t find anything strange. (P38)……但他们找不到任何奇怪的东西。
something, anything, nothing等不定代词用形容词修饰时，要把形容词放在代词后面，这与形容词放在名词前作定语的汉语规则正好相反。
I gave my sister a new bike for her birthday.
我送给我妹妹一辆新自行车作生日礼物。
There is nothing new in the newspaper. 报纸上没有新消息。
13. I don’t think so! (P38)我认为不是这样。
这句话常用于表示不同意对方的意见或观点等，也可以说“I think not.”其肯定形式是“I think so.”（我认为是这样的。）表示肯定对方的意见。
— Look at the cloud, it will be rainy soon.
看天上的云彩，很快就要下雨了。
— I don’t think so. I think it will be sunny soon.
我看不会的，我想很快就会天晴的。
—Whose pen is this Is it Li Ming’s 这是谁的钢笔？是李明的吗？
—I think so. 我想是的。
类似句型
I hope so. 我希望是这样的。/I hope not. 我希望不是这样。
I’m afraid so. 恐怕如此。/I’m afraid not. 恐怕不行。
14. There must be something visiting the homes in our neighborhood... (P38) 肯定有什么东西光顾我们的街坊的各家了……
(1)visiting the homes是现在分词短语作定语。单个的现在分词作前置定语，现在分词短语作后置定语。
He often helps his working mother at home. 他经常帮助妈妈在家中工作。
Who is the lady standing by the door 站在门口的那位女士是谁？
(2)neighborhood表示“地区；某地区的人；与某处相邻的地区”。
The whole neighborhood likes her a lot. 邻近的人都非常喜欢她。
We live in a rather rich neighborhood. 我们住在一个相当富裕的住宅区。
15. Maybe it means you’re afraid of too much homework! (P38)也许那意味着你害怕有太多的家庭作业！
本句中的too much是形容词词组，用来修饰不可数名词homework，意为“太多”，其中心词是much，副词too修饰much，以加强语气。
I don’t like winter because there’s too much snow and ice.
我不喜欢冬天，因为有太多冰雪。
People don’t need to spend too much money.人们不需要花太多的钱。
特别提示
much too的含义是“（实在）太……”，它常用作副词，用来修饰形容词或副词，much用来加强语气，修饰too，表示“太”，“过于”。
This job is much too heavy for so young a boy.
这项工作对这么小的男孩实在太重了。
He spent too much time on computer games. 他玩电脑游戏的时间太多了。
16. Don’t let yesterday use up too much of today. (P39)不要让昨天占去了今天太多的时间 (昨天的事昨天做,今天还有今天事)。
use up是“消耗，用尽”的意思。
We used up the money and could not go back home.
我们把钱用完了，回不了家了。
The ink has been used up. 墨水用完了。
17. He who would do great things should not attempt them all alone. (P39) 做大事的人不应该孤军奋战。
(1)who would do great things是一个定语从句，引导词是who。主句中的should是情态动词，意思是“应该”。
We should help each other when we meet trouble.
当我们遇到麻烦时，应该互相帮助。
(2)动词attempt的意思是“尝试，企图”，后面可接动词不定式，有时也接动名词。
He attempted to climb the mountain. 他试图爬上这座山。
I attempted walking until I fell over. 跌倒之前我都在试着行走。
特别提示
lonely意为“单独的，独自的”，在句中用作定语或表语，指人孤独寂寞或指地方荒芜人烟、偏僻遥远，带有浓厚的感彩。
He lives alone, but he doesn’t feel lonely. 他一个人住，但并不感到孤独。
My father was born in a lonely mountain village. 我父亲出生于一个偏僻的山村。
【考点归纳】
现在完成时态
⑴由have/ has ＋　过去分词
⑵表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果
常与already, just , yet , ever, never 连用
Have you finished your work yet？你完成了你的工作了吗？
Yes, I have. I have just finished it.　是的。我刚刚完成了。
I have already finished it .　我已经完成了。
Have you ever been to China 　你曾经去过中国吗？
No, I have never been there.　没有，我从来也没有去过。
⑶①表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作　或状态和表示过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括现在在内）的一段时间的状态连用如：（for + 时间段，since + 时间点，或过去某一动作， 以及how long ）
②注： 非延续性动词在现在完成 时态中不能和for, since 引导的表示一段时间的状语的肯定句连用。
应转为相应的延续性动词 如：buy---- have die---- be dead join ---- be in
borrow----- keep leave---- be away
I have bought a pen.------ I have had a pen for 2 weeks.
The dog has died.------- The dog has been dead since last week.
⑷①have (has) been to + 地点 去过某地 已经回来
②have (has) gone to + 地点 去了某地 没有回来
③have been in + 地点 一直呆在某地 没有离开过 如：
She has been to Shanghai. 她去过上海。(已经回来)
She has gone to Shanghai. 她去了上海。(没有回来)
She has been in Shanghai for 2 days.她呆上海两天了。(没有离开过上海)
1.情态动词must, may , might, could, may , can’t表示推测含义与用法后面都接动词原形，都可以表示对现在情况的揣测和推断但他们含义有所不同
must 一定 肯定 (100%的可能性)
may, might, could有可能，也许 (20%－80%的可能性)
　 can’t 不可能，不会 (可能性几乎为零)
　 The dictionary must be mine. It has my name on it.
The CD might/could/may belong to Tony because
he likes listening to pop music.
The hair band can’t be Bob’s. After all, he is boy!
2. whose 谁的　疑问词　作定语　后面接名词
如：Whose book is this This is Lily’s.
3. belong to 属于　如： That English book belongs to me.
4. 当play 指弹奏乐器时，常在乐器前用定冠词　如：
　　play the guitar play the piano play the violin
当play 指进行球类运动时，则不用定冠词　如：
　 play football play basketball play baseball
5. if引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，
从句用一般现在时代替将来时　如：
　　If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late.如果你不快点，你将会迟到
6. if you have any idea== if you know 如果你知道
7. on　关于（学术，科目）
8. try to do sth. 尝试做某事　如：　　I try to climb the tree. 我尝试爬树。
9. because of , because
because of + 名词/代词/名词性短语
because +　从句　　如：　　I do it because I like it. 我做这件事是因为我喜欢。
I had to move because of my job. 因为工作的原因我得搬家。
10. own v.－owner n. listen v.－listener n. learn v.－learner n.
11. catch a bus 赶公车
12. neighbor 邻居　指人
neighborhood 邻居　指地区也可指附近地区的人　
13. local 当地的　如：local teacher 当地的教师
14. noise n. 噪音　是个可数名词　noises
15. call the police 报警　如：Quick! Call the police! 快！叫警察！
16. anything strange 一些奇怪的东西
当形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词时，放在这些词的后面
17. there be sb./ sth. doing 如：　　There is a cat eating fish.
There must be something visiting our home.
18. escape from …从哪里逃跑出来　如：
He escaped from the burning building. 他从燃烧的大概中逃出来。
19. an ocean of + 名词　极多的，用不尽的　如：an ocean of energy.
20. unhappy 不高兴的　反义词 happy 高兴的
21. final adj. 最后的　finally adv. 最后地
22. dishonest 不诚实的　反义词 honest 诚实的。
23. get on 上车 get off 下车　
24. use up 用光、用完　如：They have used up all the money. 他们已经用完了所有的钱。
25. attempt to do 试图　如：
　　The boys attempted to leave for Beijing. 男孩子们试图想去北京。
26. wake 动词　唤醒　常用的词组：wake up　意为醒来　如：
　　Please wake me up at 8 o’clock.　请在8点钟叫醒我。
27. look for 寻找　指过程
find 找　指结果　　如：
　　I am looking for a pen. 我正在找一支笔。（指找的过程）
　　I found my pen just now. 我刚刚找到了我的笔。（指找的结果）
28. hear 听　指听的结果
listen 听 指听的过程　如：
Did you hear 你听到了吗？（指听的结果，听或没听到）
　　I often listen to the music. 我经常听音乐。（指听的过程）
29. try one’s best to do sth. 尽某人的最大努力去做某事　如：
　　He tried his best to run. 他尽他的最大努力去跑。
30. 名词所有格　　　名词所有格的构成有两种形式
　①是在名词后面加 ’s 或是以s结尾 的名词，只在名词的后面加 ’
如：Ann’s book　安的书, our teachers’ office我们老师们的办公室
注：双方共有的所有格，只在后面一个名词加’s,　如：
　　Lily and Lucy’s father 莉莉和露西的爸爸（她们的爸爸是同一个人）
　②有…of …介词短语表示无生命东西的所有格　如：
　　 a picture of my family 我家人的相片　
　　有时也有’s表示无生命的东西的所有格　如：
　　　today’s newspaper,　　the city’s name
【语法聚焦】
单项选择
( )1. --- Can you swim in the river 　 --- No, I _____.
　　A. mustn’t 　　B. may not　　C. can’t　　D. needn’t
( )2. --- May I go swimming now 　 --- No, you ______. You must finish your homework first.
　　A. mustn’t　　B. may not　　C. couldn’t　　D. needn’t
( )3. --- Excuse me. Where is the zoo 　 --- Sorry, I don’t know. Ask that policeman. He _____ know.
　　A. shall　　B. may　　C. need　　D. would
( )4. __________ I finish the work today 　 No, you needn’t.
　　A. Must　　B. May　　C. Can　　D. Need
( )5. --- Must I finish my homework now 　　　 --- No, you _________. You may have a rest first.
　　A. mustn’t　　B. can’t　　C. may not　　D. needn’t
( )6. --- Tom, where is your father 　 --- I’m not sure. He_______ in his office.
　　A. is　　B. may be　　C. maybe　　D. may
( )7. ---______________I visit Lucy on Sunday, Mum 　 ---Yes, you______________.
　　A. Must；can　　B. May；may　　C. Need；need　　D. May；need
( )8. --- Where is Tom 　 --- He hasn't come to school today. I think he________ be ill.
　　A. has to　　B. should　　C. may　　D. need
( )9. --- Can you fly a kite 　 --- No, I _____.
　　A. mustn’t　　B. needn’t　　C. can’t　　D. couldn’t
( )10. This book _____ Lucy’s. Look! Her name is on the book cover.
　　A. must be　　B. may be　　C. can’t be　　D. mustn’t be
【限时阅读】
Students can benefit from homework in many ways. To begin with, students have to revise what they have learned in class in order to do their homework. This gives them the chance to see if they have understand everything the teacher has said and practice what they have learned. Another advantage is that students have to work on their own when they do their homework and do not depend on teachers and classmates for help.
However, there are also disadvantages to homework. Firstly, homework needs a lot of time and effort, so students have no time for their favorite hobbies and activities. What is more, many students complain that homework is boring because they have to do the same things again and again. (123 words 3 minutes)
Advantages Disadvantages
1. revise ___________ 5. need ___________
2. ______ everything that the teachers said 6. ______ for hobbies and activities
3. _______ what they have been taught 7. complain that they ________
4. have to work ________ 8. repeat _________
【话题训练】
在我们的生活中，谁都会遇到一些奇怪的或不可思议的事情。请你用所学过的语言写一段话来描述一下你经历的或听说过的一件不寻常的事情。