牛津译林版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第一册Unit 4 Exploring poetry 讲义（上）（含答案）

2990215328295M4U4 Exploring poetry I
M4U4 Exploring poetry I
66675142240

《行路难三首·其一》
李白/著
金樽清酒斗十千，
玉盘珍羞直万钱。
停杯投箸不能食，
拔剑四顾心茫然。
欲渡黄河冰塞川，
将登太行雪满山。
闲来垂钓碧溪上，
忽复乘舟梦日边。
行路难，行路难，
多歧路，今安在。
长风破浪会有时，
直挂云帆济沧海。
Hard is the Way of the World
written by Li Bai, translated by Xu Yuanchong
Pure wine in golden cup costs ten thousand coins, good!
Choice dish in a jade plate is worth as much, nice food!
Pushing aside my cup and chopsticks, I can't eat;
Drawing my sword and looking round, I hear my heart beat.
I can't cross Yellow River: ice has stopped its flow;
I can't climb Mount Taihang: the sky is blind with snow.
I poise a fishing pole with ease on the green stream
Or set sail for the sun like the sage in a dream.
Hard is the way, Hard is the way.
Don't go astray! Whither today?
A time will come to ride the wind and cleave the waves;
I'll set my cloudlike sail to cross the sea which raves.
1938020-257175答案：
1. frozen; freeze; freezing; freezer 2. detect; detection; detector; detective
3. contradictory; contradict; contradiction
4. interpret; interpreter; interpretation
5. patience; patient; patiently 6. reward; rewarding 7. constantly; constant
8. reality; real; really; realistic
答案：
1. frozen; freeze; freezing; freezer 2. detect; detection; detector; detective
3. contradictory; contradict; contradiction
4. interpret; interpreter; interpretation
5. patience; patient; patiently 6. reward; rewarding 7. constantly; constant
8. reality; real; really; realistic
语言知识初探
根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词
1. _________ adj. 结冰的，冰封的；冷冻的；冻僵的→_________ v.（使）冻结；冰冻→_________ adj. 冰冻的；极冷的→_________ n. 冰柜
2. ____ vt. 发现，查明，侦察出→____ n. 探测；侦查；察觉；发现→____ n. 探测器→____ n. 侦探/adj. 侦探的
3. _________ adj. 相互矛盾的，对立的→_________ vt. 反驳；相矛盾→_________ n.（事实、看法、行动等的）不一致，矛盾；反驳
4. _________ vt. 解释；理解；把……理解为，领会；演绎 vi. 口译→_________ n. 口译员→_________ n. 解释；理解；演绎
5. _________ n. 耐心；忍耐力→_________ adj. 有耐心的；能忍耐的 n. 病人→_________ adv. 耐心地
6. _________ vt. 奖励，奖赏 n. 奖励，回报；悬赏金→_________ adj. 报酬高的；有益的；值得做的
7. _________ adv. 始终，一直→_________ adj. 不变的；连续发生的
8. _________ n. 现实，实际情况；事实，实际经历→_________ adj. 真正的；真的；真实的→_________ adv. 真正地，真实地→_________ adj. 现实的；实际的
根据提示补全下列短语
beyond one’s grasp 超出某人理解范围，某人无法理解
put together 组合
dig up clues 挖掘线索
long for ... 渴望……
struggle to do sth. 努力做某事，争取做某事
with much painstaking effort 下了很大的功夫
set sth. aside 把……放在一边；留出……
a lifelong job 一辈子的事
fill up with ... 充满……
abandon logical thinking 抛开逻辑思维
be worth one’s effort 值得某人花费力气
go beyond normal reality 超越一般现实
out of place 不合适的，不恰当的；不在适当位置上 ?[反] in place 在正确位置，准备妥当；准备就绪
stick out =stand out 突出；坚持；醒目

重点知识点解析
知识要点1　grasp n. [usu. sing.] 理解（力），领会；抓紧，紧握；控制；能力所及 vt. 领会，理解；抓紧
(教材P44) Even if its true meaning appears to be beyond your grasp, you can always say something about how the poem sounds when you read it aloud. 即使你也许把握不住这首诗的真正含义，但总是可以说说这首诗在朗读时听上去如何。
【常见搭配】beyond one’s grasp 某人无法理解……
within one’s grasp 在某人能力范围内
have a good grasp of ... =have a good command of ... 精通……，熟练掌握……
grasp sb. by the hand/arm 抓住某人的手/手臂
grasp an opportunity/a chance (to do ...) 抓住机会（做某事）
如：These complex formulae are beyond the grasp of the average pupil. 这些复杂的公式是一般小学生不能理解的。
Success was within her grasp. 她有把握获得成功。
He has a good grasp of German grammar. 他德语语法掌握得很好。
She felt a firm grasp on her arm. 她感到手臂被紧紧地抓住了。
They failed to grasp the importance of his words. 他们没有理解他的话的重要性。
【即时巩固】单句语法填空
1. Kay grasped him by the wrist手腕.
2. It took him some time to grasp that he was now a public figure. 他过了些时候才意识到自己已是个公众人物了。
3. I grasped the opportunity to work(work) abroad.
知识要点2 approach v., n.
(教材P44) Second, approach the poem as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape. 第二，读诗时你就像是一个探索陌生风景的探险家。
【用法详解】(1)vt. 着手处理，对付（=deal with）
如：What's the best way of approaching this problem? 什么是处理这个问题的最佳方式？
【用法详解】(2)vt. & vi.（在距离或时间上）靠近，接近
如：Winter is approaching. 冬天就要来临。
As you approach the town, you'll see the college on the left. 快到市镇时就可以看见左边的学院。
【用法详解】(3)n. [sing.]（在距离或时间上）靠近，接近；[C] 方式，方法；途径，道路
常见搭配 the approach of ... ……的临近
an approach to (doing) sth. （做）某事的方法/途径
如：the approach of spring 春天的来临
The school has decided to adopt a different approach to discipline.
学校决定采取另外一种方式解决纪律问题。
All the approaches/ways to the palace were guarded by troops.
通往宫殿的所有道路都有军队守卫。
【归纳拓展】表示“方法，方式”的短语总结：
4572058420in a(n) ... manner 用……的方法
in this way和with this method 通过这种方式/方法
by means of ... 借助……的手段，依靠……的方法
the method of/for (doing) sth.，the way to do/of doing sth.和the approach to (doing) sth. （做）某事的方法
【即时巩固】单句语法填空
We heard the sound of an approaching(approach) car.
We will be exploring different approaches to gathering(gather) information.
She answered in a businesslike manner. 她回答时显出一副公事公办的样子。
The load was lifted by means of a crane. 重物是用起重机吊起来的。

知识要点3 reward vt. 奖励，奖赏，获得回报（-pay offvi.） n. [C, U] 奖励，回报；[C] 悬赏金
(教材P45) This may seem difficult at first, but when you finally make your great discovery, your efforts will be rewarded. 一开始这可能会很难，但当你最终有了重大发现时，你的努力将得到回报。
【用法详解】reward sb. with sth. 用……奖励某人
reward sb. for (doing) sth. 因（做）……奖励某人
reward for ... 对……的报酬/奖赏
如：You deserve a reward for being so helpful. 你帮了这么大的忙，理应受到奖励。
A ?100 reward has been offered for the return of the necklace. 已悬赏100英镑找寻项链。
She was rewarded for her efforts with a cash bonus. 她因自己所作的努力而得到一笔奖金。
She started singing to the baby and was rewarded with a smile. 她开始给孩子唱歌，孩子则报以微笑。
The compression and density make this a difficult book to read, but it richly rewards值得（付出时间或精力） the effort.
这本书内容丰富，思想深刻，很难读懂，但是非常值得一读。
【归纳拓展】词性转换：
rewarding adj. 有益的，值得做的；报酬高的
如：Nursing can be a very rewarding career. 做护士可以是非常有意义的职业。
【即时巩固】单句语法填空
He rewarded us handsomely for helping him.
Make the extra effort to impress the buyer and you will be rewarded with a quicker sale.
It is a very rewarding(reward) exercise to work this out oneself.
知识要点4 reality n. [U] 现实，实际情况；[C] 事实，实际经历，见到的事物
(教材P45) Poetry’s combination of “sound” and “sense” makes you see the world in a new way and allows you to go beyond normal reality for the everlasting beauty. 诗歌“音”与“意”的结合，让你用一种新的方式看待世界，让你超越平日的现实，追求永恒之美。
【常见搭配】become a reality 变成现实
in reality =in fact 实际上，事实上
bring ... back to reality 使……回到现实
face/accept reality 面对/接受现实
如：Will time travel ever become a reality? 时光旅行真的会成为现实吗？
She refuses to face reality. 她不肯面对现实。
This decision reflects the realities of the political situation. 这一决定反映了政治形势的真实情况。
Outwardly she seemed confident but in reality she felt extremely nervous.
表面上看，她显得信心十足，而实际上她紧张得要命。
【归纳拓展】词性转换：
real adj. 真的；真正的，真实的
→really adv. 事实上，真正地，真实地
常见搭配 Not really. 不，不是；不完全如此。（表示不太强烈的否定）
→realistic adj. 现实的，实事求是的，能够实现的；逼真的 ?unrealistic adj. 不切实际的，离谱的
常见搭配 be realistic about ... 对……实事求是
a realistic target 切实的目标
a realistic drawing 逼真的绘画
【即时巩固】单句语法填空
1. We must set realistic(real) goals.
2. He came across as streetwise, but in reality he was not. 他给人的印象是很适应都市生活，但实际上并非如此。
3. The reality(real) is that there is not enough money to pay for this project
(教材P44) Second, approach the poem as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape. 第二，读诗时你就像是一个探索陌生风景的探险家。
【句式剖析】本句中含有as if引导的方式状语从句，从句使用了虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反的情况。
【考点提炼】虚拟语气在as if引导的从句中的运用
as if (=as though) 意为“似乎，好像”，可引导表语从句（一般置于系动词look, seem, appear之后）和方式状语从句。若从句表示真实的情况或将来实现的可能性较大的情况，从句用陈述语气；若从句表示的是非真实的情况或将来实现的可能性不大的情况，则从句用虚拟语气。
(1)表示与现在的事实相反的情况时，从句谓语用一般过去时（be动词通常用were）。如：
She always talks to me as if/as though she were my elder sister. 她总是以姐姐的口气跟我说话。（她不是我姐姐）
(2)表示与过去的事实相反的情况时，从句谓语用“had＋过去分词”。如：
He talked about Rome as if/as though he had been there before.
他说起罗马来就好像他以前去过那里似的。（以前没去过）
(3)表示将来实现的可能性较小的情况时，从句谓语用“would/could/might＋动词原形”。如：
He talks gladly as if/ as though he would be our monitor.
他高兴地谈论着，好像要成为我们的班长似的。（他成为我们班长的可能性较小）
注意 as if/as though引导从句时，用何种语气取决于说话者：
如果说话者所说之事有明显的依据，那么从句就用陈述语气；
如果说话者所说之事没有依据，只是想表达一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测，那么就用虚拟语气。
如：Mary speaks in very loud voice as if she is angry. 玛丽说话声音很高，好像生气了。（真的生气了）
Mary speaks in very loud voice as if she were angry. 玛丽说话声音很高，好像生气了。（其实没有生气）
【即时巩固】单句语法填空
1. I felt as if my heart had stopped(stop).
2. Her head felt as if it would burst(burst). 她觉得头要爆裂了。
3. Sam looked as if he didn't have(not have) a care in the world. 萨姆看上去好像什么事都不操心似的。
4. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as of it were(be) broken.

Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
Excuse me, could you please show me where I can find some (freeze) dumplings?2. (patient) combined with diligence is necessary for success.3. It is very (reward)to keep a diary of daily happenings.4. We should (constant) urge ourselves to study hard.5. For Nick, his dream became a (real) six months ago.
【答案】1. frozen 2. Patience 3. rewarding 4. constantly 5. reality
II. 翻译句子
1. 事实上，发短信会让人很难确定对话背后的真正含义。 In reality, texting can make it hard for the true meaning behind a conversation.2. 她补充道努力学习是有益的。（rewarding） She adds that .3. 大人们这一次的反应是建议我把画放在一边。 The grown-ups' response, this time, was to advise my drawings.4. 朝着你想要的结果努力会给你一种成就感。（struggle） you want will give you a sense of achievement.5. 孩子们被允许在放学后看电视。 The children after school.6. 她不打算从她经营了36年的企业中退休。（retire） She had no plans her 36-year-old business7. 这样的蠕虫可以分解塑料，这并不让人惊讶。 that such worms can break down plastic.8. 与之前的研究相比，这一次研究中分解的速度令人兴奋。 previous studies，the speed of breakdown in this one is exciting.9. 我妈妈关注我们家每个人的健康。（concern） My mom the health of everyone in our family.10. 我曾经真的很害怕去海滩。 I used to be really to the beach.11. 富含纤维的食物分解缓慢，让我们感觉很饱。 Fiber-rich foods are broken down slowly, which . 12. 我不确定他是否在家。 he is at home.13. 他说起长城来就好像他以前去过那里似的。 He talked about the Great Wall as if he before.
【答案】1. people to determine 2. studying hard is rewarding 3. me to set aside
4. Struggling toward the result 5. are allowed to watch TV 6. to retire from
7. It is not surprising 8. Compared with 9. is concerned about 10. afraid/scared to go
11. make us feel full 12. I doubt whether/if 13. had been there
III. 完形填空
For one year, the Dannemiller family gave up buying any unnecessary purchases.
In an effort to get back in touch with what they call their family mission, which includes "growing in faith, together and serving others to create a world without 31 . Parents Scott and Gabby Dannemiller decided to 32 spending money on things like toys, books, clothing, or anything that wasn't a necessity or a(n) 33 .
Overall, the family successfully 34 the plan. Though the experiment took place in 2018, the family 35 tries to live by the lessons they learned while cutting out unnecessary spending. “By focusing on experiences 36 purchases, we grew together in faith as a family. We were able to 37 others. We were able to give more of our time and treasure to people who 38 need it.” Scott says.
“My daughter's birthday is next month, and she asked if we could go to visit her uncle's farm and ride a horse, 39 just asking for a horse stuffed(填充的) animal.” he says. "Now we look at 40 and say 'will that really add value to our life, 41 is it something we will just need to find space for and take care of?”
If you're trying to teach, your children to focus 42 on physical stuff(东西), Scott says it's helpful to tweak(稍微改进) your 43 when kids ask for things. “We used to say ‘that’s too 44 ,’ but that made our kids think OK, we need more money, and when we get more money, we can have it.” he says. “We 45 to ‘we don’t need that’, and that helped them understand.”
When 46 spending, Scott says the most 47 thing is to focus not on what your family is giving up, but what it is gaining. “It’s not about what you’re 48 .” he says, “The question should be, ‘What are we going to 49 that with?’ Then, make sure you are adding something to your life that the people in your family 50 . For us, that was time together.”
31. A. need
B. faith
C. delay
D. pity
32. A. slow
B. begin
C. increase
D. stop
33. A. party
B. experience
C. relationship
D. gathering
34. A. applied to
B. subscribed to
C. responded to
D. stuck to
35. A. even
B. ever
C. still
D. just
A. instead of
B. in contrast to
C. in line with
D. regardless of
37. A. treat
B. serve
C. please
D. satisfy
38. A. presently
B. likely
C. really
D. possibly
39. A. more than
B. or else
C. or rather
D. rather than
40. A. purchases
B. possessions
C. treasures
D. earnings
41. A. so
B. or
C. and
D. but.
42. A. less
B. occasionally
C. frequently
D. more
43. A. appearance
B. atmosphere
C. language
D. identity
44. A. worthy
B. cheap
C. worthless
D. expensive
45. A. admitted
B. referred
C. shifted
D. took
46. A. cutting off
B. cutting down
C. cutting up
D. cutting away
47. A. impressive
B challenging
C. important
D. encouraging
48. A. lacking
B. losing
C. obtaining
D. finding
49. A. replace
B. share
C. exchange
D. compare
50. A. own
B. preserve
C. owe
D. value
【答案】31-35 ADBDC 36-40 ABCDA 41-45 BACDC 46-50 BCBAD
III. 七选五
Going green is a great way to reduce your environmental footprint and help the planet. Being green is all about reducing how many resources you use, reusing items when you can, and recycling items that can' t be reused. ___31___
Carry a reusable water bottle so you will not need bottled water.
___32___ Not only does it create trash, but it also uses more resources because it's shipped to the store. To be more eco-friendly, make it a habit to carry a reusable water bottle with you everywhere so that you can drink water on the go. Plastic bottles are usually the lightest and most convenient.
Use reusable bags while you're shopping.
Shopping bags make it easy to carry your items home, but they also pollute the planet. Skip the store 's shopping bags and bring your own instead. Use a backpack that you already own, or purchase a couple of reusable bags from the checkout area at your local grocery store. ___33___
___34___
Before you throw something away, look for ways you might reuse it. Try re-purposing items or making green crafts. This will help you keep trash out of the landfill. For example, instead of throwing away a jar,you might use it as a glass, vase or storage container.
Reduce the amount of time you spend using electronics.
While electronics are really fun and help you feel connected to your friends, they also use up a lot of energy. Schedule breaks from your electronics so you can use them less. During your breaks, do something fun like going for a walk playing a game with your friends, or pursuing a hobby. ___35___ For instance,instead of playing online video games together, go to a local part.
A. Glass bottles have come a long way in recent years.
B. Reuse items to save them from the landfill.
C. You can use your reusable, bags at most stores.
D. Bottled water is really bad for the environment.
E. You probably need to change your personal habits
F. Invite your friend to connect with you in real life.
G. You can find ideas for green crafts by searching online.
【答案】EDCBF

单元单词默写
_________ adj. 贫瘠的，不毛的；不结果实的
_________ adj. 结冰的，冰封的；冷冻的；冻僵的
_________ vt. 含有……的意思，暗示，暗指
_________ n. 方面，侧面；规模，程度；维
_________ n. 理解，领会；抓紧，紧握，控制；能力所及
vt. 抓紧；领会，理解
_________ vt. 发现，查明，侦察出
_________ n. 押韵词；押韵 vt. 使押韵 vi. 和……同韵
_________ adj. 复杂的，难懂的 n. 建筑群；复合体；情结
_________ adj. 相互矛盾的；对立的
_________ 发现，搜集，查明
_________ n. 线索，提示；迹象
_________ vt. 把（动物）关在笼中 n. 笼子
_________ n.（鸟的）啼啭；颤音 vt. 欢快地高声说 vi. 发颤音
_________ vt. 解释，阐释；把……理解为，领会；演绎 vi. 口译
_________ n. 耐心，忍耐力
_________ adv. 到旁边，在旁边；留，存；除……以外
_________ 把……放一边；留出
_________ adj. 偏远的，偏僻的；遥远的，久远的；远亲的
_________ vt. 奖励，奖赏 n. 奖励，回报；悬赏金
_________ adv. 始终，一直
_________ adj. 符合逻辑的；必然的，合乎情理的
_________ adj. 内心的，隐藏的；里面的，内部的
_________ vt. 注意到，意识到；将……理解为，将……视为
_________ n. 现实，实际情况；事实，实际经历
_________ n. 薄雾，水汽
barren
frozen
imply
dimension
grasp
detect
rhyme
complex
contradictory
dig up
clue
cage
trill
interpret
patience
aside
set sth. aside
remote
reward
constantly
logical
inner
perceive
reality
mist