Unit9
Topic
talk
&
Lesson1
1．reflect
vt．&vi．仔细思考；表达（意见）；反映→reflection
n.[C]反映，表达；映像，映照出的影像，[U]沉思，深思
2．argue
vi．争论，争吵→argument
n．[C,U]争吵，争论，争辩；[C]论据，论点，理由
3．assume
vt．认为；假定，假设→assumption
n．[C]假定，假设
4．flexible
adj．灵活的，可变通的→flexibility
n．[U]灵活性→flex
v．屈伸，活动(四肢或肌肉，尤指为准备体力活动)
5．promote
vt．促进，增进；提升→promotion
n．[U,C]晋升；促销活动→promoter
n．[C]倡导者；发起者
6．unlikely
adj．不大可能的→likely
adj．可能的
7．exist
vi．存在；实际上有→existence
n．[U]存在；[C]生活→existing
adj．现存的，现行的
8．ignore
vt．忽视；置之不理→ignorance
n.
[U]无知→ignorant
adj．无知的，愚昧的
9．impression
n.[C,
U]
印象，感想→impressive
adj．令人钦佩的，给人印象深刻的→impress
vt.
&vi.使钦佩，使敬仰，给……留下深刻的好印象；vt.
使铭记
重点单词与短语精析
★课标词
▲高频词
★▲1.approach
【用法归纳与拓展】
(1)n.
[C]方式，方法；路径，道路；[sing.]
靠近，接近
the
approach
to...
解决……的方法；通往……的道路
(to为介词，后跟名词、代词或v-ing)
?I
like
her
approach
to
the
problem.
It
is
worth
trying.
我喜欢她解决这个问题的方法。这值得一试。
?The
approach
of
the
exam
makes
her
very
nervous.
考试的临近使她非常不安。
(2)vt.
&
vi.
接近，靠近
vt.
建议，接洽；着手处理
?We
could
just
see
the
train
approaching.我们只能看见火车正在驶近。
?With
great
enthusiasm,
he
talked
about
how
he
found
issues
and
approached
them.
他慷慨激昂地讲了他是如何发现问题、处理问题的。
【练习】1.语法填空
①At
the
meeting
they
discussed
three
different
approaches
to
the
study
of
mathematics.
②They
came
up
with
several
approaches
solving
(solve)
the
problem,
but
some
were
not
practical.
2.判断下列句子中
approach的含义
①All
approaches
to
the
town
are
blocked.
道路
②They
felt
worried
about
the
approach
of
war.
靠近，接近
③Facing
up
to
your
problems
rather
than
running
away
from
them
is
the
best
approach
to
working
things
out.
方法
④As
I
approached
the
house,
I
noticed
a
light
on
upstairs.
接近,靠近
[高频短语]2.
prefer
to
【用法归纳与拓展】
(1)
prefer
to意为“更喜欢……”，其后跟动词原形。
?I
prefer
to
think
of
peace
not
war.
我更喜欢思考和平而不是战争。
(2)
prefer
vt.
较喜欢，更喜欢
prefer
doing
sth./to
do
sth.
更喜欢做某事
prefer
sb.
to
do
sth.
希望某人做某事
prefer
A
to
B
喜欢A多于喜欢B（to为介词）
prefer
doing
sth.
to
doing
sth.
宁愿做某事而不愿做某事
prefer
doing
sth.
rather
than
(to)
do
sth.
（=would
rather
do
sth.
than
do
sth.）宁愿做某事而不愿做某事
prefer
that...
希望/更愿意……（从句谓语常用“should
+动词原形”，should可以省略）
?We
can
eat
out
if
you
like,
but
I
would
prefer
staying/
to
stay
in.
如果你愿意的话我们可以去外面吃饭，但我更倾向于待在家里。
?I
prefer
to
walk
there
rather
than
go
by
car.
=I
would
rather
walk
there
than
go
by
car.
我宁愿步行去那儿而不愿开车去。
?They
preferred
the
money
(should)
be
used
for
building
schools
and
hospitals.
他们更愿意拿这笔钱来建学校和医院。
(3)词性拓展
preferable
adj.
更可取的，更合适的
preference
n.
[C,U]偏好，喜好
have
a
preference
for
sth.
偏爱某物
【练习】语法填空
①(浙江高考单项填空改编)
We
most
prefer
saying/to
say
(say)
yes
to
the
requests
of
someone
we
know
and
like.
②They
prefer
to
put
(put)
off
the
birthday
party
till
next
Sunday
rather
than
(to)
hold
(hold)it
without
the
presence
of
their
manager.
③(浙江高考单项填空改编)
People
develop
a
preference
for
a
particular
style
of
learning
at
an
early
age
and
these
preferences
affect
learning.
(prefer)
④I
am
busy
preparing
for
the
final
examination.
I
prefer
that
you
(should)
come
(come)
tomorrow
rather
than
today.
⑤I
prefer
the
school
uniform
to
the
traditional
Chinese
dress
at
the
welcome
ceremony
next
month.
[高频短语]3.
reflect
on
【用法归纳与拓展】
(1)
reflect
on/upon
sth.
认真思考/反思某事
?I’m
sitting
in
the
small
yard,
reflecting
on
the
plan.
我正坐在小院子里，认真思考这个计划。
(2)
reflect
①vt.
反映，映出(影像)；反射；显示，表明
reflect
sb./sth.
in...
在……里映出某人/某物
(常用被动语态
be
reflected
in...)
?She
could
see
herself
reflected
in
his
eyes.
她在他的眼中看到了自己的样子。
②vi.
认真思考，沉思
?On
the
way
home
he
reflected
that
the
interview
had
gone
well.回家的路上，他琢磨着这次面试非常顺利。
(3)
reflection
n.[C]反映，表达；映像，映照出的影像，[U]沉思，深思
?When
he
was
alone,
he
was
often
lost
in
reflection.
他独处的时候经常会陷入沉思。
【练习】语法填空
①(2020·全国Ⅲ卷语法填空改编)
As
the
small
boat
moved
gently
along
the
river
he
was
left
speechless
by
the
mountains
being
reflected
(reflect)
in
the
water
silently.[小船在河边轻轻地移动，群山静静地倒映在水中，使他说不出话来]
②I
think
you
should
stop
for
a
moment
and
reflect
on/upon
your
success
and
failure.[停下来思考一下你的成功和失败]
③What
one
culture
considers
a
confusing
or
awkward
pause
may
be
seen
by
others
as
a
valuable
moment
of
reflection
(reflect)
and
a
sign
of
respect
for
what
the
last
speaker
has
said.
④The
lake
is
calm
and
clear,
and
one
of
the
things
that
are
reflected
in
the
water
is
the
famous
tower.
③解析[一种文化认为令人困惑或尴尬的停顿可能会被其他人视为一个宝贵的反思时刻，是对最后一位发言者所说内容的尊重。]
[高频短语]4.
argue
with
【用法归纳】
argue
with
sb.
(about/over
sth.)
(就某事)与某人争吵/争论
?They
argued
with
each
other
about
the
best
place
for
a
holiday.他们就度假的最佳去处吵了起来。
①argue
vt.
&
vi.
论证，说理；vi.
争辩
argue
sb.
into/
out
of
doing
sth.
说服某人做/不做某事
argue
for/against
(doing)
sth.
据理赞成/反对(做)某事
argue
that...
主张/认为……
?We
tried
to
argue
him
out
of
going
on
such
a
dangerous
journey.
我们努力说服他不要踏上如此危险的旅程。
?I
argued
for
the
plan
while
my
elder
sister
argued
against
it.我据理赞成这个计划，而我的姐姐反对它。
?He
argues
that
one
of
the
root
causes
of
crime
is
poverty,
but
i
don't
agree.
他认为犯罪的一个根本原因是贫穷，但我不这样认为。
②argument
n.[C,U]争吵，争论，争辩；[C]论据，论点，理由
have
an
argument
with
sb.
about/over
sth.
就某事与某人争吵
win/
lose
an
argument
争论赢了/输了
an
argument
for/against
支持/反对……的理由/论据
【拓展】“说服某人做某事”的其他常见表达：
persuade
sb.
to
do
sth.
persuade
sb.
into
doing
sth.
convince
sb.
to
do
sth.
【练习】语法填空
①(2020·黑龙江省实验中学期末)
It
is
no
use
arguing
with
Bill
because
he
will
never
change
his
mind.
②Mike
often
argues
with
his
friend
about/over
small
things,
which
makes
them
very
unhappy.
③Parents
and
teenagers
may
separate
from
one
another
to
avoid
argument(s)
(argue),
but
this
is
usually
a
short-term
solution
that
does
not
clear
up
the
main
problems.
④He
argued
against
smoking
because
he
thought
that
it
was
harmful
to
health.
⑤Not
knowing
what
the
future
will
bring
shouldn’t
be
an
argument
for
doing
nothing.
⑤此处表示不知道未来会发生什么不应该成为什么都不做的理由。
★5.
assume
vt.认为，假定，假设
【用法归纳】
assume
that...
认为……
assume
sb.
/sth.
(+
to
be)
+n.
/adj.
认为某人/某物是……
It
is
(generally)
assumed
that...
人们(普遍)认为……
?Assuming
that
you
are
right,
we’ll
make
a
great
deal
of
money
from
the
project.
假定你是正确的，那我们将会从这项工程中赚得许多钱。
?I
assume
him
to
be
the
cleverest
boy
in
this
class.
我认为他是这个班最聪明的学生。
?It
is
assumed
that
stress
is
caused
by
too
much
work.
一般认为，压力是过重工作所致。
【拓展】
(1)
assumption
n.[C]假定，假设
make
an
assumption/
assumptions
about...
对……作出假设
work
on
the
assumption
that...
以……假定行事
make
the
assumption
that.
做出……假设
?A
lot
of
people
make
the
assumption
that
poverty
only
exists
in
the
Third
World.
许多人以为贫困仅存在于第三世界。
?We’re
working
on
the
assumption
that
everyone
invited
will
turn
up.
我们假定每一个人都会应邀出席并正就此作出安排。
(2)assuming
conj.
假如，假设……为真
assuming
(that)...
=
supposing(that)...
假定……
?Assuming
(that)
Einstein
is
still
alive,
how
old
would
he
be
now?
假定爱因斯坦还活着，现在他有多大年纪了?
【注意】在英语中，有些词看上去是现在分词或过去分词，实际上可直接作介词或连词。
如：considering(prep.&conj.鉴于,考虑到)；
including(prep.
包括，包含)；supposing/
assuming(conj.
假设，假如)；
provided/
providing(conj.
假如，如果)；concerning(prep.
关于)；given
(prep.
鉴于，考虑到)等。
【练习】1.语法填空
①(2018·江苏单项填空改编)Try
to
understand
what’s
actually
happening
instead
of
acting
on
the
assumption(assume)
you’ve
made.
句意:试着去理解实际发生的事情,而不是按照你所做的假设行事。
②Once,
a
young
school
boy
was
caught
in
a
fire
accident
in
his
school
and
people
assumed
that
he
would
not
live.
2.单句写作
刚开始，我认为他是一名教师，结果证明他是一名律师。
I
assumed
him
to
be
a
teacher
in
the
beginning,
but
he
proved
to
be
a
lawyer
.
[高频短语]6.
end
up
最终成为，最后处于
【用法归纳】
end
up
doing
sth.
/adj.
以……结束
end
up
with/in...
以……结束
end
up
as...
最终成了……(侧重以某种身份结束)
?When
children
end
up
taking
care
of
their
parents,
it
is
a
strange
role
reversal
indeed.
当孩子们最终要照顾父母时，这的确是一种奇妙的角色互换。
?There
are
those,
you
know,
who,
by
circumstance,
end
up
homeless.
您知道，会有那么一些人，因为命运捉弄而落得无家可归。
?The
speech
started
with
an
amusing
story
and
ended
up
with
a
poem.
演讲以一个有趣的故事开头，以一首诗结束。
?Their
long
struggle
ended
up
in
failure.
他们长时间的斗争以失败告终。
?He
ended
up
as
general
manager
of
the
company.
他最终成为这家公司的总经理。
【练习】语法填空
①(浙江高考单项填空改编)Many
worked
here
as
a
temporary
secretary
and
end
up
getting
(get)
a
full-time
job
with
the
company.
②(天津高考单项填空改编)
Joining
the
firm
as
a
clerk(店员),
he
got
rapid
promotion,
and
ended
up
as
a
manager.
③Smell
the
flowers
before
you
go
to
sleep,
and
you
may
just
end
up
in/with
sweet
dreams.
★▲7.
promote
【用法归纳与拓展】
(1)vt.
促进,推动
?The
organization
aims
to
promote
relations
between
different
nations.该组织旨在促进各国之间的关系。
(2)vt.
促销，推销
?
She’s
in
London
to
promote
her
new
book.她在伦敦宣传她的新书。
(3)vt.
提升，晋升。常与介词to连用，尤用于被动语态。
promote
sb.
to...
提升某人为……
be
promoted
to...
被提升为……
?She
worked
hard
and
was
soon
promoted
to
manager.
她工作努力，很快就被提升为经理。
(4)词性拓展
promotion
n.[U,C]晋升；促销活动
promoter
n.[C]倡导者；发起者
【练习】1.判断下列句子中promote的含义
①（2020·天津5月单项填空改编）The
local
government
doesn’t
have
to
sacrifice(牺牲)
environmental
protection
to
promote
economic
growth.
促进
②If
I’m
not
promoted
within
the
next
two
years,
I’m
going
to
change
a
job.
晋升
③Many
online
shops
will
give
customers
a
great
discount
(折扣)
to
promote
their
goods.
促销
2.语法填空
①（安徽高考单项填空改编）While
waiting
for
the
opportunity
to
get
promoted
(promote),
Henry
did
his
best
to
perform
his
duty.
②My
uncle
was
promoted
to
headmaster
last
month.
[高频短语]8.work
out
【用法归纳与拓展】
(1)算出；找……的答案，解决。为及物短语动词。
?Can
you
work
out
how
much
it
will
cost?
你能算出这将花多少钱吗？
(2)锻炼身体，做运动。为不及物短语动词。
?I
work
out
regularly
to
keep
healthy.我经常锻炼身体以保持健康。
(3)计划，思考。为及物短语动词。
?I’ve
worked
out
a
new
way
of
doing
it.
我已经想出了做这件事的一个新方法。
?They
spent
a
whole
night
working
out
the
plan.
他们花费了一整夜的时间想出这个计划。
(4)成功地发展。为不及物短语动词。
?My
first
job
didn’t
work
out.
我的第一份工作干得不好。
【练习】判断下列句子中work
out的含义
①Though
the
medicine
for
my
disease
works,
I
should
often
work
out
at
home
or
in
the
open
air.
锻炼身体
②—I’m
sorry
things
didn’t
work
out
as
planned.
—It’s
just
what
it’s
meant
to
be,
so
let
it
be
and
let
it
go.
成功
③（北京四中期中）The
question
is
very
complicated—it’ll
take
you
a
while
to
work
it
out.
找……的答案，解决
[高频短语]9.
be
based
on
【用法归纳】
be
based
on意为“以……为基础”。其主动形式是base...on...，意为“把……建立在……的基础上”。
?This
news
report
is
based
entirely
on
facts.
这篇新闻报道完全以事实为基础。
【拓展】
(1)base
vt.以……为据点(或总部等)；把(总部等)设在
n.[C]根据；基础；总部
?revolutionary
base
areas革命根据地
(2)basic
adv.
基础的，基本的；初级的
basically
adv.大体上，基本上
?The
boy
can’t
understand
the
basic
principles
of
mathematics.
这个男孩不能理解数学的基本原理。
(3)
basis
n.基础，要素，基点(强调抽象意义)
on
the
basis
of/that...
在……的基础上；根据……
?Employers
are
not
allowed
to
discriminate
on
the
basis
of
sex.雇主不允许有性别歧视。
【注意】base作动词时的用法是考查的热点和重点。在确定动词base用主动形式还是被动形式之前，要找到其逻辑主语，分析此逻辑主语与base之间是逻辑上的主谓关系还是动宾关系，从而选择相应的形式。
【练习】1.选词填空：base/
basis
Mary,
whose
husband
serves
in
an
air
base
,
believes
that
the
basis
of
a
good
marriage
is
trust.[良好婚姻的基础是信任]
2.语法填空
①The
story
is
based
on
Chinese
history
during
the
Five
Dynasties
and
Ten
States
period(907CE-979CE).
②Based
(base)on
the
real
events,
the
film
attracted
a
lot
of
audience.
③(江苏高考单项填空改编)Basing
(base)an
important
decision
more
on
emotion
than
on
reason,
you
will
regret
it
sooner
or
later.
[把一个重要的决定更多地建立在情感上而不是理性上，你迟早会后悔的]
④Every
person
has
his
own
opinions
that
are
formed
on
the
basis
of
his
experience.
[①句意：这个故事是根据五代十国时期（907CE-979CE）的中国历史改编的]
★▲10.
exist
【用法归纳】
exist
vi.
存在，实际上有(不用于进行时)；生存
exist
in存在于……之中
exist
on(=
live
on)靠……生存
There
exists...
存在……
?How
long
has
the
crosstalk,
a
traditional
art,
existed
in
China?
相声这一传统艺术在中国存在多久了?
?It
was
impossible
for
them
to
exist
on
such
a
small
income.他们靠这么微薄的收入生存是不可能的。
?There
existed
dinosaurs
on
the
earth
a
long
time
ago.很久以前恐龙生活在地球上。
【拓展】
(1)
existence
n.[U]存在；[C]生活
in
existence现存的;现有的
come
into
existence(=
come
into
being)
产生；成立
?The
development
of
industry
has
been
a
gradual
process
throughout
human
existence,
from
stone
tools
to
modern
technology.
工业发展是贯穿人类存在的渐进过程，从石器工具到现代技术。
(2)
existing
adj.现存的，现行的(常作前置定语)
【练习】1.语法填空
①They
can’t
exist
on
the
money
he
is
earning.
②This
is
the
most
magnificent(壮观的)
bridge
in
existence.
③The
company
came
into
existence
20
years
ago.
④As
the
sixth
in
the
world
and
the
second
in
China
(after
Hong
Kong
Disneyland),
Shanghai
Disneyland
creates
many
records
among
the
existing
(exist)
Disney
parks.
2.完成句子
现在有个好方法可以解决这个问题。There
exists
a
good
way
that
can
solve
this
problem
now.
[高频短语]11.
can’t
help
doing
忍不住
(或无法抑制)
做某事
?Whenever
I
see
the
picture,
I
can’t
help
thinking
of
my
childhood.
无论什么时候看到这张照片，我总会情不自禁地想起我的童年。
【拓展】can’t
help
(to)
do...
不能帮助做……
can’t
help
but
do...
除了……别无选择，只能做……，不可能避免……
can’t
help
it
没有办法；忍不住
?I
can’t
help
(to)
wash
the
dishes
because
I
am
busy
preparing
for
the
entrance
exams.
我不能帮忙洗碗，因为我正忙着准备入学考试。
?It’s
raining
outside.
We
can’t
help
but
stay
at
home.
外面在下雨，我们只能待在家里。
?If
he
doesn’t
listen
to
our
advice,
we
can’t
help
it.
如果他不听取我们的意见，我们也没办法。
【练习】语法填空
Her
friend’s
advice
couldn’t
help
(to)
solve
(solve)
the
problem,
so
she
couldn’t
help
crying
(cry).
★▲12.impression
【用法归纳拓展】
(1)
impression
n.[C,U]印象，感想
make
/
leave
a(n)...
impression
on
sb.
给某人留下……的印象
(2)
相关词语积累：
①impress
vt.&vi.
使钦佩，使敬仰，给……留下深刻的好印象；vt.使铭记
impress
sb.
with...
……给某人留下深刻的好印象
impress
sth.
on/
upon
sb.
使意识到(重要性或严重性等)
②impressed
adj.
(对……)
钦佩，敬仰，有深刻的好印象
be
impressed
by/with...
钦佩……，对……有深刻的好印象
③impressive
adj.
令人赞叹的，令人敬佩的
?He
had
given
an
impressive
performance.他的表演令人赞叹。
[语境串记]To
leave
a
good
impression
in
the
interview,
Bob
shared
an
impressive
story
about
himself,
which
made
the
interviewers
really
impressed.
为了在面试中给人留下好印象，鲍勃分享了一个关于自己的令人印象深刻的故事，给面试官留下了报深的印象。
【练习】语法填空
①
The
most
impressive
(impress)
thing
about
him
is
his
calm
acceptance
of
whatever
comes
his
way.
②What
impresses
(impress)me
most
is
that
whenever
he
appears
in
front
of
others,
he
wears
a
big
smile.
③The
little
boy
impressed
me
with
his
big,
bright
eyes
the
first
time
I
saw
him.
④It’s
true
that
you
never
get
a
second
chance
to
make
a
first
impression
(impress).
短语检测
参加(part)
take
part
in
为……奠定良好的基础establish
a
good
foundation
for
复习(brush)brush
up
(on)
更喜爱做（prefer）
prefer
to
do
目的是
so
that
处于危险之中in
danger
做笔记take
notes
集中(精力、注意力等)于……focus
on
思考reflect
on
注意(pay)pay
attention
to
自学learn
by
oneself
争吵
argue
with
建议做某事(suggest)(suggest)suggest
doing
妨碍；挡路（way）get
in
the
way
of
冒着做……的危险risk
doing
以这种方式in
this
way
在……方面灵活be
flexible
in
最后，最终end
up
至少at
least
弄懂；计算出work
out
总而言之（short）in
short
尝试做attempt
to
do
以……为根据
be
based
on
忍不住做某事
can’t
help
doing
sth.
毕竟
after
all
将……与……分开separate
...from...
(使)从事，参加
engage
in
sth.
阻碍某人（block）block
sb.
from
doing
sth.
不同意
disagree
with
总之（word）
in
a
word
根据，按照（basis）on
the
basis
of
重点句型分析
Your
inner
voice
expresses
your
personal
opinions,
while
the
outer
voice
tells
you
about
opinions
from
what
you
hear
or
read.
你内心的声音表达你的个人意见，而外部的声音告诉你你所听到或者读到的观点。
【句型分析】本句为并列句，while为并列连词，表示前后两种情况的对比。
【考点提炼】while作连词的用法
(1)作并列连词，表示对比，意为“……而。……然而”，用来连接两个并列分句。
?Most
women
like
shopping
while
most
men
don’t.大多数女人喜欢购物，而大多数男人不喜欢。
(2)作从属连词，引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然”，从句常位于主句前面。
?While
it
was
very
late,
he
still
went
on
working.
虽然很晚了，但他还在继续工作。
(3)作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”，从句谓语动词应用延续性动词。
?Don’t
talk
while
you’re
eating.
你吃饭时不要说话。
【练习】判断下列句子中
while的含义
①(2020·天津单项填空改编)
I
never
worried
about
my
son
while
I
was
away
because
my
mother
kept
an
eye
on
him.
当……的时候
②Warm
colors
like
yellow
make
food
appear
more
appetizing(引起食欲的),
while
cold
colors
make
us
feel
less
hungry.
……而,……然而
③(2019·全国Ⅲ卷阅读理解七选五节)
While
I
have
only
listed
two
of
each,
there
are
obviously
many
other
situations
that
can
arise.
虽然
[句意：虽然我只列出了其中的两种情况，但显然还有许多其他情况会出现。]
语法
动词不定式作宾语与动词-ing形式作宾语
【挖教材·语法示例】
用括号内词的适当形式填写下面教材中的句子并体会它们的语法特征。
1.
We
need
to
train
(train)ourselves
to
be
better
learners.
2.
I
suggest
doing
(do)
five
things
to
take
an
active
role
in
your
learning.
3.
If
you
keep
paying
(pay)
too
much
attention
to
it,
you
risk
missing
(miss)
important
information.
4.
In
short:
Do
not
stop
being
(be)
curious.
5.
They
attempt
to
find
(find
)the
truth
at
the
heart
of
each
idea.
6.
They
refuse
to
learn
(learn)
or
ignore
what
is
said
because
of
who
the
speaker/writer
is.
7.
It
is
true
that
we
cannot
help
disliking
(dislike)
some
people—this
is
human
nature,
after
all.
8.
Active
learners
also
try
to
question
(question)
the
world
around
them
and
understand
the
truth
deep
within
every
idea.
9.
But
now
I’ve
learnt
to
avoid
listening
(listen)
to
my
inner
voice
all
the
time
and
sometimes
I
even
argue
with
it.
动词不定式作宾语与动词-ing形式作宾语
【考点1】常接动词不定式作宾语的动词
下列动词后一般跟不定式作宾语：decide(决定)，determine(决心)，learn(学会)，want(想要)，wish/
hope/
want/
expect(希望)，refuse(拒绝)，manage(设法)，care(愿意)，pretend(假装)，offer(主动提出)，
promise(答应)，choose(选
择)，intend/plan(打算，计划)，agree(同意)，ask/beg(恳求，祈求)，help(帮助)等。
注意：请牢记下面的口诀，帮助记忆其后可跟不定式作宾语的动词。
决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装，
主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。
此外，
afford(付得起)，demand(要求)，prepare(准备)，fail(失败)，arrange(安排，筹备)，threaten(威胁)，claim(声称),aim(力争做到)，hesitate(顾虑)，seem(看起来)，happen(碰巧)等动词后也接动词不定式作宾语。
?I
offered
to
paint
the
house
in
exchange
for
a
week’s
accommodation.我主动提出给房子涂油漆以换取一周的住宿。
【考点2】常接动词ing形式作宾语的(短语)动词
下列动词或短语动词后一般用动词-ing形式作宾语：consider(考虑)，advise/suggest(建议)，look
forward
to(盼望)，
excuse/pardon(原谅)，admit(承认)，delay/
put
off(推迟)，fancy/imagine(想象)，avoid(避免)，miss(错过)，keep/keep
on
(继续)，practise(练习)，deny(否认)，finish(完成)，appreciate(感激)，forbid(禁止)，give
up(放弃)，risk(冒险)，can’t
help
(不禁)，mind(介意)，allow/
permit(允许)，escape(避免)等。
注意：请牢记下面的口诀，帮助记忆其后可跟动词-ing形式作宾语的(短语)动词。
考虑建议盼原谅,承认推迟没得想。
避免错过继续练,否认完成就感激。
禁止放弃才冒险,不禁介意准逃亡。
此外，mean(意味着)，resist(抵抗)，insist
on(坚持)，feel
like(想要)，admit(承认)，stop(停止)等(短语)动词后通常接
动词-ing形式作宾语。
?All
the
staff
in
our
company
are
considering
going
to
the
city
centre
for
the
fashion
show.
我们公司的所有员工都在考虑去市中心看时装秀。
【考点3】接动词不定式/动词-ing形式意义差别大的(短语)动词
汉语意思
英文搭配
汉语意思
英文搭配
1
记得去做某事
remember
to
do
sth.
记得做过某事
remember
doing
sth.
2
忘记去做某事
forget
to
do
sth.
忘记做过某事
forget
doing
sth.
3
遗憾地做某事
regret
to
do
sth.
后悔做过某事
regret
doing
sth.
4
尽力做某事
try
to
do
sth.
尝试做某事
try
doing
sth.
5
打算做某事
mean
to
do
sth..
意味着做某事
mean
doing
sth.
6
停下来去做某事
stop
to
do
sth.
停止做某事
stop
doing
sth.
7
接着做另一事
go
on
to
do
sth.
继续做同一事
go
on
doing
sth.
8
需要做某事
need/require
to
do
sth.
某事需要被做
sth.
need/require
doing
9
想做某事
want
to
do
sth.
某事需要被做
sth.
want
doing
10
不能帮忙做某事
can’t
help
to
do
sth.
忍不住做某事
can’t
help
doing
sth.
【考点4】接动词不定式/动词-ing形式意义差别不大的(短语)动词
1.表示“爱僧喜恶”的情感类动词
hate,
love,
like,
prefer等动词后接动词不定式和动词-ing形式作宾语时，含义有些区别：接动词不定式作宾语时，一般表示一次性、具体的动作；接动词-ing形式作宾语时，一般表示习惯性、一般性的动作。
?I
like
reading,
but
I
don’t
like
to
read
today.我喜欢读书，但今天不想读。
2.
begin,
start,
continue等少数几个动词后接动词不定式或动词-ing形式作宾语时意义差别不大。
【特别提醒】动词
begin,
continue,
start,
intend等后接不定式和动词-ing形式一般情况下可以互换，但是在下面的情况中，这些动词后只能接不定式。
(1)当begin,
continue,
start等本身用于进行时的时候。
?The
students
are
starting
to
work
on
the
maths
problems.
学生们开始做数学题。
(2)当begin,
continue,
start等与know,
understand等表示心理状态的动词连用时。
?I
began
to
understand
what
had
happened.
我开始明白发生了什么。
【考点5】动词不定式与动词ing形式作宾语的其他用法
在need,
require,
want等表“需要”的动词的后面可接动词-ing形式作宾语(用主动形式表示被动含义)，也可接动词不定式的被动式作宾语。
?My
shirt
needs
washing.=
My
shirt
needs
to
be
washed.我的衬衫该洗了。
【语法练习】语法填空
1.The
boy
refused
to
admit
stealing
(steal)
my
money.
2.The
bird
was
so
lucky
that
it
just
missed
being
caught
(catch)．
3.We
don’t
allow
smoking
(smoke)
in
the
classroom.
4.How
did
you
manage
to
finish
(finish)
it
so
soon?
5.He
pretended
to
like
(like)
us,
but
he
didn’t.
6.My
job
doesn’t
include
making
(make)
coffee
for
the
boss.
7.All
our
classmates
are
considering
going
(go)
to
the
city
centre
for
the
fashion
show.
8.Less
and
less
people
can
afford
to
go
(go)
abroad
for
their
holidays.
9.He
agreed
to
help
(help)
but
backed
out
when
he
found
how
difficult
it
was.
巩固练习
A
基础练｜
知识巩固
｜
建议时间：20mins
一、单词拼写(用本部分所学单词)
1.
For
most
of
us
breathing
is
automatic
(自动的)．
2.
This
city,
which
lies
in
the
far
north
of
Fushun,
is
divided
into
two
parts,
the
inner
city
and
the
outer
city.
3.
Stephen
Hawking
believes
that
the
earth
is
unlikely
to
be
the
only
planet
where
life
develops.
4.
(2020·山东滨州开学考)He
attempted
to
help
us,
but
in
fact
his
coming
would
add
to
our
difficulty.
5.
Either
she
didn’t
see
me
or
she
ignored
me
on
purpose.
6.
This
material
absorbs
the
sound,
and
doesn’t
reflect
(反射)it.
7.
They
argued
(争辩)
that
they
needed
more
time
to
finish
the
project.
8.
Home-working
opportunities
and
flexible
(灵活的)working
hours
are
top
concerns
for
the
working
mothers.
9.
As
a
matter
of
fact,
the
beauty
of
nature
there
made
an
excellent
impression
(印象)on
me.
10.
Vitamins(维生素)
C
and
E
help
protect
eyesight
and
promote
(促进)
eye
health.
二、语法填空。在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Topic
Talk
1.
She
finds
an
approach
to
solving
(solve)
this
problem.
2.
In
the
20th
century,
people
preferred
traveling
by
sea
to
traveling
by
air.
3.
This
job
calls
for
great
patience
and
concentration
(concentrate).
4.
Please
actively
take
part
in
after-school
activities,
which
will
not
only
make
your
school
life
colorful,
but
also
improve
your
learning.
5.
You
must
keep
away
from
the
man,
who
is
dangerous
(danger).
If
you
are
in
danger,
please
call
110.
6.
Playing
(play)loud
music
in
public
is
against
the
law
in
the
UK.
Lesson1
1.
People
attempted
to
take
(take)
the
41-year-old
man
to
hospital
but
he
refused
medical
attention.
[医疗护理]
2.
We
had
an
argument
(argue)with
the
waiter
about
the
bill.
3.
The
cat
felt
curious
when
she
saw
her
own
reflection
(reflect)
in
the
mirror.
4.(2020·山东济南外国语学校月考)Assuming
(assume)you
are
right,
we’ll
make
a
great
deal
of
money
from
the
project.
5.
The
water
level
rose
so
high
in
several
places
that
many
houses
were
at
risk
after
the
storm.
6.
However,
attracted
by
the
price,
some
people
may
buy
unnecessary
things,
which
end
up
being
(be)a
waste
money.
7.
We
can
work
out
possible
solutions
to
our
problems
when
we
read
about
people
in
books
whose
problems
are
like
our
own.
8.Based
(base)
on
long
time
observation
and
experience,
his
theory
is
well
received
in
the
field
of
astronomy.
9.
Some
people
believe
that
they
can’t
help
putting
(put)
on
weight
as
they
get
older,
and
others
hold
that
if
they
stop
exercising,
their
muscles
will
turn
into
fat.
10.
We
cannot
accept
a
society
where
the
rich
enjoy
comfort
while
the
poor
have
to
suffer.
三、用方框内短语的适当形式填空(有两项为多余选项)
concentrate
on
in
danger
of
finish
with
be
fluent
in
so
that
prefer
to
1.
First
of
all.
I
am
fluent
in
oral
English
and
have
worked
as
a
part-time
travel
guide
for
foreigner.
2.
We
may
also
find
ourselves
very
tired
on
Mondays
to
concentrate
on
the
lessons
in
our
school.
3.
Only
when
I
read
the
news
did
I
know
the
species
were
in
danger
of
dying
out.
4.
Unlike
most
people
in
the
office,
I
don’t
come
to
work
by
car.
I
prefer
to
take
a
bus.
B
语法练｜
专项突破
｜
建议时间：15
mins
一、用适当的词填空
1.
After
he
finished
doing
(do)
maths
homework,
he
went
on
to
write
(write)a
composition.
2.
I
can’t
stand
working
(work)
with
Jane
in
the
same
office.
She
just
refuses
to
stop
(stop)
talking
while
she
works.
3.
Have
you
forgotten
borrowing
(borrow)some
books
from
me
last
month?
Will
you
please
remember
to
bring
(bring)
them
tomorrow?
4.
(2020·山东潍坊期末)
When
he
told
his
travel
stories
to
his
grandma,
she
regretted
not
seeing
(see)
more
of
the
world
5.
I
don’t
like
swimming
,
but
I
like
to
swim
this
afternoon,
because
it
is
too
hot.(swim)
6.
I
require
him
to
water
trees,
because
they
require
watering/to
be
watered
in
this
hot
weather.
(water)
二、对比题组专练
GROUP
1
1.(2018·浙江语法填空改编)
I
still
remember
visiting
(visit)a
friend
who’d
lived
here
for
five
years
and
I
was
shocked
when
I
learnt
she
hadn’t
cooked
once
in
all
that
time.
2.
I
remembered
to
lock
(lock)
the
door
before
I
left
the
office,
but
forgot
to
turn
off
the
lights.
GROUP
2
3.
He
couldn’t
get
across
his
idea
in
the
speech,
so
we
didn’t
know
what
he
had
meant
to
say
(say).
4.
Taking
this
job
means
having
(have)
a
lot
of
opportunities
to
travel
abroad.
三、语法填空。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内词的正确形式。
I
crossed
the
street
to
avoid
(1)
seeing
(see)him,
but
he
saw
me
and
came
running
towards
me.
It
was
no
use
(2)
pretending
(pretend)
that
I
had
not
seen
him,
so
I
waved
to
him.
I
never
enjoy
(3)
meeting
(meet)
Nigel
Dykes.
He
never
has
anything
to
do.
No
matter
how
busy
you
are,
he
always
insists
on
(4)
accompanying
(accompany)you.
I
had
to
think
of
a
way
of
preventing
him
from
(5)
following
(follow)me
around
all
the
morning.
“Hello,
Nigel,”I
said,“glad
(6)
to
meet
(meet)
you
here!”
“Hi,
Elizabeth,”Nigel
answered.“I
was
just
wondering
how(7)
to
spend
(spend)
the
morning
until
I
saw
you.
You’re
not
busy
(8)
doing
(do)anything,
are
you?”
“No,
not
at
all,”I
answered.“I’m
going
to...”
“Would
you
mind
my
(9)
coming
(come)
with
you?”he
asked,
before
I
finished
(10)
speaking
(speak).
“Not
at
all,
”I
lied,
“but
I’m
going
to
the
dentist.”
“Then
I’ll
come
with
you,
”he
answered.
“There
are
always
plenty
of
books
to
read
in
the
waiting
room!”
C｜
综合练｜
能力提升｜
建议时间：7mins
课文语法填空。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The
human
brain
does
not
work
1
(automatic)
as
most
people
assume.
You
need
to
train
2
(you)to
be
active
learners,
and
the
author
suggests
five
things
in
your
learning.
First,
you
shouldn’t
keep
paying
too
much
attention
to
the
inner
voice
for
fear
that
you
risk
3
(miss)
important
information.
Instead,
to
be
in
a
better
position
for
decisions,
you
are
expected
to
focus
on
what
the
speaker/writer
is
saying,
not
on
what
your
brain
is
saying
in
the
background.
Second,
you
should
argue
with
your
inner
voice
as
most
active
learners
do
and
be
flexible
in
your
opinions
when
necessary.
Third,
the
author
thinks
that
asking
questions
4
(be)
the
easiest
way
to
promote
active
learning.
Your
questions
will
lead
you
to
further
learning,
and
the
very
act
of
working
5
questions
will
help
you
to
achieve
a
higher
level
of
understanding
about
the
topic.
Fourth,
active
learners
should
not
accept
everything
they
learn
6
attempt
to
find
the
truth
at
the
heart
of
each
idea.
Even
when
an
idea
7
(sound)entirely
unlikely,
there
may
be
an
aspect
of
it
that
is
based
on
truth.
No
matter
how
crazy
it
seems,
you
will
increase
your
chance
of
learning
something
when
you
find
8
source.
Last
but
not
least,
you
should
focus
on
the
message
itself
instead
of
the
writer/speaker.
Though
we
cannot
help
disliking
some
people,
9
is
human
nature,
you
can
still
learn
from
them.
Active
learners
do
not
judge
people
10
(base)on
first
personal
feelings
or
assume
that
some
people
are
always
right
just
because
they
are
your
friends.
答案：1.automatically
2.yourselves
3.missing
4.is
5.
out
6.
but
7.
sounds
8.
the
9.
which
10.basedUnit9
Topic
talk
&
Lesson1
1．reflect
vt．&vi．仔细思考；表达（意见）；反映→reflection
n.[C]反映，表达；映像，映照出的影像，[U]沉思，深思
2．argue
vi．争论，争吵→argument
n．[C,U]争吵，争论，争辩；[C]论据，论点，理由
3．assume
vt．认为；假定，假设→assumption
n．[C]假定，假设
4．flexible
adj．灵活的，可变通的→flexibility
n．[U]灵活性→flex
v．屈伸，活动(四肢或肌肉，尤指为准备体力活动)
5．promote
vt．促进，增进；提升→promotion
n．[U,C]晋升；促销活动→promoter
n．[C]倡导者；发起者
6．unlikely
adj．不大可能的→likely
adj．可能的
7．exist
vi．存在；实际上有→existence
n．[U]存在；[C]生活→existing
adj．现存的，现行的
8．ignore
vt．忽视；置之不理→ignorance
n.
[U]无知→ignorant
adj．无知的，愚昧的
9．impression
n.[C,
U]
印象，感想→impressive
adj．令人钦佩的，给人印象深刻的→impress
vt.
&vi.使钦佩，使敬仰，给……留下深刻的好印象；vt.
使铭记
重点单词与短语精析
★课标词
▲高频词
★▲1.approach
【用法归纳与拓展】
(1)n.
[C]方式，方法；路径，道路；[sing.]
靠近，接近
the
approach
to...
解决……的方法；通往……的道路
(to为介词，后跟名词、代词或v-ing)
?I
like
her
approach
to
the
problem.
It
is
worth
trying.
我喜欢她解决这个问题的方法。这值得一试。
?The
approach
of
the
exam
makes
her
very
nervous.
考试的临近使她非常不安。
(2)vt.
&
vi.
接近，靠近
vt.
建议，接洽；着手处理
?We
could
just
see
the
train
approaching.我们只能看见火车正在驶近。
?With
great
enthusiasm,
he
talked
about
how
he
found
issues
and
approached
them.
他慷慨激昂地讲了他是如何发现问题、处理问题的。
【练习】1.语法填空
①At
the
meeting
they
discussed
three
different
approaches
to
the
study
of
mathematics.
②They
came
up
with
several
approaches
solving
(solve)
the
problem,
but
some
were
not
practical.
2.判断下列句子中
approach的含义
①All
approaches
to
the
town
are
blocked.
道路
②They
felt
worried
about
the
approach
of
war.
靠近，接近
③Facing
up
to
your
problems
rather
than
running
away
from
them
is
the
best
approach
to
working
things
out.
方法
④As
I
approached
the
house,
I
noticed
a
light
on
upstairs.
接近,靠近
[高频短语]2.
prefer
to
【用法归纳与拓展】
(1)
prefer
to意为“更喜欢……”，其后跟动词原形。
?I
prefer
to
think
of
peace
not
war.
我更喜欢思考和平而不是战争。
(2)
prefer
vt.
较喜欢，更喜欢
prefer
doing
sth./to
do
sth.
更喜欢做某事
prefer
sb.
to
do
sth.
希望某人做某事
prefer
A
to
B
喜欢A多于喜欢B（to为介词）
prefer
doing
sth.
to
doing
sth.
宁愿做某事而不愿做某事
prefer
doing
sth.
rather
than
(to)
do
sth.
（=would
rather
do
sth.
than
do
sth.）宁愿做某事而不愿做某事
prefer
that...
希望/更愿意……（从句谓语常用“should
+动词原形”，should可以省略）
?We
can
eat
out
if
you
like,
but
I
would
prefer
staying/
to
stay
in.
如果你愿意的话我们可以去外面吃饭，但我更倾向于待在家里。
?I
prefer
to
walk
there
rather
than
go
by
car.
=I
would
rather
walk
there
than
go
by
car.
我宁愿步行去那儿而不愿开车去。
?They
preferred
the
money
(should)
be
used
for
building
schools
and
hospitals.
他们更愿意拿这笔钱来建学校和医院。
(3)词性拓展
preferable
adj.
更可取的，更合适的
preference
n.
[C,U]偏好，喜好
have
a
preference
for
sth.
偏爱某物
【练习】语法填空
①(浙江高考单项填空改编)
We
most
prefer
saying/to
say
(say)
yes
to
the
requests
of
someone
we
know
and
like.
②They
prefer
to
put
(put)
off
the
birthday
party
till
next
Sunday
rather
than
(to)
hold
(hold)it
without
the
presence
of
their
manager.
③(浙江高考单项填空改编)
People
develop
a
preference
for
a
particular
style
of
learning
at
an
early
age
and
these
preferences
affect
learning.
(prefer)
④I
am
busy
preparing
for
the
final
examination.
I
prefer
that
you
(should)
come
(come)
tomorrow
rather
than
today.
⑤I
prefer
the
school
uniform
to
the
traditional
Chinese
dress
at
the
welcome
ceremony
next
month.
[高频短语]3.
reflect
on
【用法归纳与拓展】
(1)
reflect
on/upon
sth.
认真思考/反思某事
?I’m
sitting
in
the
small
yard,
reflecting
on
the
plan.
我正坐在小院子里，认真思考这个计划。
(2)
reflect
①vt.
反映，映出(影像)；反射；显示，表明
reflect
sb./sth.
in...
在……里映出某人/某物
(常用被动语态
be
reflected
in...)
?She
could
see
herself
reflected
in
his
eyes.
她在他的眼中看到了自己的样子。
②vi.
认真思考，沉思
?On
the
way
home
he
reflected
that
the
interview
had
gone
well.回家的路上，他琢磨着这次面试非常顺利。
(3)
reflection
n.[C]反映，表达；映像，映照出的影像，[U]沉思，深思
?When
he
was
alone,
he
was
often
lost
in
reflection.
他独处的时候经常会陷入沉思。
【练习】语法填空
①(2020·全国Ⅲ卷语法填空改编)
As
the
small
boat
moved
gently
along
the
river
he
was
left
speechless
by
the
mountains
being
reflected
(reflect)
in
the
water
silently.[小船在河边轻轻地移动，群山静静地倒映在水中，使他说不出话来]
②I
think
you
should
stop
for
a
moment
and
reflect
on/upon
your
success
and
failure.[停下来思考一下你的成功和失败]
③What
one
culture
considers
a
confusing
or
awkward
pause
may
be
seen
by
others
as
a
valuable
moment
of
reflection
(reflect)
and
a
sign
of
respect
for
what
the
last
speaker
has
said.
④The
lake
is
calm
and
clear,
and
one
of
the
things
that
are
reflected
in
the
water
is
the
famous
tower.
③解析[一种文化认为令人困惑或尴尬的停顿可能会被其他人视为一个宝贵的反思时刻，是对最后一位发言者所说内容的尊重。]
[高频短语]4.
argue
with
【用法归纳】
argue
with
sb.
(about/over
sth.)
(就某事)与某人争吵/争论
?They
argued
with
each
other
about
the
best
place
for
a
holiday.他们就度假的最佳去处吵了起来。
①argue
vt.
&
vi.
论证，说理；vi.
争辩
argue
sb.
into/
out
of
doing
sth.
说服某人做/不做某事
argue
for/against
(doing)
sth.
据理赞成/反对(做)某事
argue
that...
主张/认为……
?We
tried
to
argue
him
out
of
going
on
such
a
dangerous
journey.
我们努力说服他不要踏上如此危险的旅程。
?I
argued
for
the
plan
while
my
elder
sister
argued
against
it.我据理赞成这个计划，而我的姐姐反对它。
?He
argues
that
one
of
the
root
causes
of
crime
is
poverty,
but
i
don't
agree.
他认为犯罪的一个根本原因是贫穷，但我不这样认为。
②argument
n.[C,U]争吵，争论，争辩；[C]论据，论点，理由
have
an
argument
with
sb.
about/over
sth.
就某事与某人争吵
win/
lose
an
argument
争论赢了/输了
an
argument
for/against
支持/反对……的理由/论据
【拓展】“说服某人做某事”的其他常见表达：
persuade
sb.
to
do
sth.
persuade
sb.
into
doing
sth.
convince
sb.
to
do
sth.
【练习】语法填空
①(2020·黑龙江省实验中学期末)
It
is
no
use
arguing
with
Bill
because
he
will
never
change
his
mind.
②Mike
often
argues
with
his
friend
about/over
small
things,
which
makes
them
very
unhappy.
③Parents
and
teenagers
may
separate
from
one
another
to
avoid
argument(s)
(argue),
but
this
is
usually
a
short-term
solution
that
does
not
clear
up
the
main
problems.
④He
argued
against
smoking
because
he
thought
that
it
was
harmful
to
health.
⑤Not
knowing
what
the
future
will
bring
shouldn’t
be
an
argument
for
doing
nothing.
⑤此处表示不知道未来会发生什么不应该成为什么都不做的理由。
★5.
assume
vt.认为，假定，假设
【用法归纳】
assume
that...
认为……
assume
sb.
/sth.
(+
to
be)
+n.
/adj.
认为某人/某物是……
It
is
(generally)
assumed
that...
人们(普遍)认为……
?Assuming
that
you
are
right,
we’ll
make
a
great
deal
of
money
from
the
project.
假定你是正确的，那我们将会从这项工程中赚得许多钱。
?I
assume
him
to
be
the
cleverest
boy
in
this
class.
我认为他是这个班最聪明的学生。
?It
is
assumed
that
stress
is
caused
by
too
much
work.
一般认为，压力是过重工作所致。
【拓展】
(1)
assumption
n.[C]假定，假设
make
an
assumption/
assumptions
about...
对……作出假设
work
on
the
assumption
that...
以……假定行事
make
the
assumption
that.
做出……假设
?A
lot
of
people
make
the
assumption
that
poverty
only
exists
in
the
Third
World.
许多人以为贫困仅存在于第三世界。
?We’re
working
on
the
assumption
that
everyone
invited
will
turn
up.
我们假定每一个人都会应邀出席并正就此作出安排。
(2)assuming
conj.
假如，假设……为真
assuming
(that)...
=
supposing(that)...
假定……
?Assuming
(that)
Einstein
is
still
alive,
how
old
would
he
be
now?
假定爱因斯坦还活着，现在他有多大年纪了?
【注意】在英语中，有些词看上去是现在分词或过去分词，实际上可直接作介词或连词。
如：considering(prep.&conj.鉴于,考虑到)；
including(prep.
包括，包含)；supposing/
assuming(conj.
假设，假如)；
provided/
providing(conj.
假如，如果)；concerning(prep.
关于)；given
(prep.
鉴于，考虑到)等。
【练习】1.语法填空
①(2018·江苏单项填空改编)Try
to
understand
what’s
actually
happening
instead
of
acting
on
the
assumption(assume)
you’ve
made.
句意:试着去理解实际发生的事情,而不是按照你所做的假设行事。
②Once,
a
young
school
boy
was
caught
in
a
fire
accident
in
his
school
and
people
assumed
that
he
would
not
live.
2.单句写作
刚开始，我认为他是一名教师，结果证明他是一名律师。
I
assumed
him
to
be
a
teacher
in
the
beginning,
but
he
proved
to
be
a
lawyer
.
[高频短语]6.
end
up
最终成为，最后处于
【用法归纳】
end
up
doing
sth.
/adj.
以……结束
end
up
with/in...
以……结束
end
up
as...
最终成了……(侧重以某种身份结束)
?When
children
end
up
taking
care
of
their
parents,
it
is
a
strange
role
reversal
indeed.
当孩子们最终要照顾父母时，这的确是一种奇妙的角色互换。
?There
are
those,
you
know,
who,
by
circumstance,
end
up
homeless.
您知道，会有那么一些人，因为命运捉弄而落得无家可归。
?The
speech
started
with
an
amusing
story
and
ended
up
with
a
poem.
演讲以一个有趣的故事开头，以一首诗结束。
?Their
long
struggle
ended
up
in
failure.
他们长时间的斗争以失败告终。
?He
ended
up
as
general
manager
of
the
company.
他最终成为这家公司的总经理。
【练习】语法填空
①(浙江高考单项填空改编)Many
worked
here
as
a
temporary
secretary
and
end
up
getting
(get)
a
full-time
job
with
the
company.
②(天津高考单项填空改编)
Joining
the
firm
as
a
clerk(店员),
he
got
rapid
promotion,
and
ended
up
as
a
manager.
③Smell
the
flowers
before
you
go
to
sleep,
and
you
may
just
end
up
in/with
sweet
dreams.
★▲7.
promote
【用法归纳与拓展】
(1)vt.
促进,推动
?The
organization
aims
to
promote
relations
between
different
nations.该组织旨在促进各国之间的关系。
(2)vt.
促销，推销
?
She’s
in
London
to
promote
her
new
book.她在伦敦宣传她的新书。
(3)vt.
提升，晋升。常与介词to连用，尤用于被动语态。
promote
sb.
to...
提升某人为……
be
promoted
to...
被提升为……
?She
worked
hard
and
was
soon
promoted
to
manager.
她工作努力，很快就被提升为经理。
(4)词性拓展
promotion
n.[U,C]晋升；促销活动
promoter
n.[C]倡导者；发起者
【练习】1.判断下列句子中promote的含义
①（2020·天津5月单项填空改编）The
local
government
doesn’t
have
to
sacrifice(牺牲)
environmental
protection
to
promote
economic
growth.
促进
②If
I’m
not
promoted
within
the
next
two
years,
I’m
going
to
change
a
job.
晋升
③Many
online
shops
will
give
customers
a
great
discount
(折扣)
to
promote
their
goods.
促销
2.语法填空
①（安徽高考单项填空改编）While
waiting
for
the
opportunity
to
get
promoted
(promote),
Henry
did
his
best
to
perform
his
duty.
②My
uncle
was
promoted
to
headmaster
last
month.
[高频短语]8.work
out
【用法归纳与拓展】
(1)算出；找……的答案，解决。为及物短语动词。
?Can
you
work
out
how
much
it
will
cost?
你能算出这将花多少钱吗？
(2)锻炼身体，做运动。为不及物短语动词。
?I
work
out
regularly
to
keep
healthy.我经常锻炼身体以保持健康。
(3)计划，思考。为及物短语动词。
?I’ve
worked
out
a
new
way
of
doing
it.
我已经想出了做这件事的一个新方法。
?They
spent
a
whole
night
working
out
the
plan.
他们花费了一整夜的时间想出这个计划。
(4)成功地发展。为不及物短语动词。
?My
first
job
didn’t
work
out.
我的第一份工作干得不好。
【练习】判断下列句子中work
out的含义
①Though
the
medicine
for
my
disease
works,
I
should
often
work
out
at
home
or
in
the
open
air.
锻炼身体
②—I’m
sorry
things
didn’t
work
out
as
planned.
—It’s
just
what
it’s
meant
to
be,
so
let
it
be
and
let
it
go.
成功
③（北京四中期中）The
question
is
very
complicated—it’ll
take
you
a
while
to
work
it
out.
找……的答案，解决
[高频短语]9.
be
based
on
【用法归纳】
be
based
on意为“以……为基础”。其主动形式是base...on...，意为“把……建立在……的基础上”。
?This
news
report
is
based
entirely
on
facts.
这篇新闻报道完全以事实为基础。
【拓展】
(1)base
vt.以……为据点(或总部等)；把(总部等)设在
n.[C]根据；基础；总部
?revolutionary
base
areas革命根据地
(2)basic
adv.
基础的，基本的；初级的
basically
adv.大体上，基本上
?The
boy
can’t
understand
the
basic
principles
of
mathematics.
这个男孩不能理解数学的基本原理。
(3)
basis
n.基础，要素，基点(强调抽象意义)
on
the
basis
of/that...
在……的基础上；根据……
?Employers
are
not
allowed
to
discriminate
on
the
basis
of
sex.雇主不允许有性别歧视。
【注意】base作动词时的用法是考查的热点和重点。在确定动词base用主动形式还是被动形式之前，要找到其逻辑主语，分析此逻辑主语与base之间是逻辑上的主谓关系还是动宾关系，从而选择相应的形式。
【练习】1.选词填空：base/
basis
Mary,
whose
husband
serves
in
an
air
base
,
believes
that
the
basis
of
a
good
marriage
is
trust.[良好婚姻的基础是信任]
2.语法填空
①The
story
is
based
on
Chinese
history
during
the
Five
Dynasties
and
Ten
States
period(907CE-979CE).
②Based
(base)on
the
real
events,
the
film
attracted
a
lot
of
audience.
③(江苏高考单项填空改编)Basing
(base)an
important
decision
more
on
emotion
than
on
reason,
you
will
regret
it
sooner
or
later.
[把一个重要的决定更多地建立在情感上而不是理性上，你迟早会后悔的]
④Every
person
has
his
own
opinions
that
are
formed
on
the
basis
of
his
experience.
[①句意：这个故事是根据五代十国时期（907CE-979CE）的中国历史改编的]
★▲10.
exist
【用法归纳】
exist
vi.
存在，实际上有(不用于进行时)；生存
exist
in存在于……之中
exist
on(=
live
on)靠……生存
There
exists...
存在……
?How
long
has
the
crosstalk,
a
traditional
art,
existed
in
China?
相声这一传统艺术在中国存在多久了?
?It
was
impossible
for
them
to
exist
on
such
a
small
income.他们靠这么微薄的收入生存是不可能的。
?There
existed
dinosaurs
on
the
earth
a
long
time
ago.很久以前恐龙生活在地球上。
【拓展】
(1)
existence
n.[U]存在；[C]生活
in
existence现存的;现有的
come
into
existence(=
come
into
being)
产生；成立
?The
development
of
industry
has
been
a
gradual
process
throughout
human
existence,
from
stone
tools
to
modern
technology.
工业发展是贯穿人类存在的渐进过程，从石器工具到现代技术。
(2)
existing
adj.现存的，现行的(常作前置定语)
【练习】1.语法填空
①They
can’t
exist
on
the
money
he
is
earning.
②This
is
the
most
magnificent(壮观的)
bridge
in
existence.
③The
company
came
into
existence
20
years
ago.
④As
the
sixth
in
the
world
and
the
second
in
China
(after
Hong
Kong
Disneyland),
Shanghai
Disneyland
creates
many
records
among
the
existing
(exist)
Disney
parks.
2.完成句子
现在有个好方法可以解决这个问题。There
exists
a
good
way
that
can
solve
this
problem
now.
[高频短语]11.
can’t
help
doing
忍不住
(或无法抑制)
做某事
?Whenever
I
see
the
picture,
I
can’t
help
thinking
of
my
childhood.
无论什么时候看到这张照片，我总会情不自禁地想起我的童年。
【拓展】can’t
help
(to)
do...
不能帮助做……
can’t
help
but
do...
除了……别无选择，只能做……，不可能避免……
can’t
help
it
没有办法；忍不住
?I
can’t
help
(to)
wash
the
dishes
because
I
am
busy
preparing
for
the
entrance
exams.
我不能帮忙洗碗，因为我正忙着准备入学考试。
?It’s
raining
outside.
We
can’t
help
but
stay
at
home.
外面在下雨，我们只能待在家里。
?If
he
doesn’t
listen
to
our
advice,
we
can’t
help
it.
如果他不听取我们的意见，我们也没办法。
【练习】语法填空
Her
friend’s
advice
couldn’t
help
(to)
solve
(solve)
the
problem,
so
she
couldn’t
help
crying
(cry).
★▲12.impression
【用法归纳拓展】
(1)
impression
n.[C,U]印象，感想
make
/
leave
a(n)...
impression
on
sb.
给某人留下……的印象
(2)
相关词语积累：
①impress
vt.&vi.
使钦佩，使敬仰，给……留下深刻的好印象；vt.使铭记
impress
sb.
with...
……给某人留下深刻的好印象
impress
sth.
on/
upon
sb.
使意识到(重要性或严重性等)
②impressed
adj.
(对……)
钦佩，敬仰，有深刻的好印象
be
impressed
by/with...
钦佩……，对……有深刻的好印象
③impressive
adj.
令人赞叹的，令人敬佩的
?He
had
given
an
impressive
performance.他的表演令人赞叹。
[语境串记]To
leave
a
good
impression
in
the
interview,
Bob
shared
an
impressive
story
about
himself,
which
made
the
interviewers
really
impressed.
为了在面试中给人留下好印象，鲍勃分享了一个关于自己的令人印象深刻的故事，给面试官留下了报深的印象。
【练习】语法填空
①
The
most
impressive
(impress)
thing
about
him
is
his
calm
acceptance
of
whatever
comes
his
way.
②What
impresses
(impress)me
most
is
that
whenever
he
appears
in
front
of
others,
he
wears
a
big
smile.
③The
little
boy
impressed
me
with
his
big,
bright
eyes
the
first
time
I
saw
him.
④It’s
true
that
you
never
get
a
second
chance
to
make
a
first
impression
(impress).
短语检测
参加(part)
take
part
in
为……奠定良好的基础establish
a
good
foundation
for
复习(brush)brush
up
(on)
更喜爱做（prefer）
prefer
to
do
目的是
so
that
处于危险之中in
danger
做笔记take
notes
集中(精力、注意力等)于……focus
on
思考reflect
on
注意(pay)pay
attention
to
自学learn
by
oneself
争吵
argue
with
建议做某事(suggest)(suggest)suggest
doing
妨碍；挡路（way）get
in
the
way
of
冒着做……的危险risk
doing
以这种方式in
this
way
在……方面灵活be
flexible
in
最后，最终end
up
至少at
least
弄懂；计算出work
out
总而言之（short）in
short
尝试做attempt
to
do
以……为根据
be
based
on
忍不住做某事
can’t
help
doing
sth.
毕竟
after
all
将……与……分开separate
...from...
(使)从事，参加
engage
in
sth.
阻碍某人（block）block
sb.
from
doing
sth.
不同意
disagree
with
总之（word）
in
a
word
根据，按照（basis）on
the
basis
of
重点句型分析
Your
inner
voice
expresses
your
personal
opinions,
while
the
outer
voice
tells
you
about
opinions
from
what
you
hear
or
read.
你内心的声音表达你的个人意见，而外部的声音告诉你你所听到或者读到的观点。
【句型分析】本句为并列句，while为并列连词，表示前后两种情况的对比。
【考点提炼】while作连词的用法
(1)作并列连词，表示对比，意为“……而。……然而”，用来连接两个并列分句。
?Most
women
like
shopping
while
most
men
don’t.大多数女人喜欢购物，而大多数男人不喜欢。
(2)作从属连词，引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然”，从句常位于主句前面。
?While
it
was
very
late,
he
still
went
on
working.
虽然很晚了，但他还在继续工作。
(3)作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”，从句谓语动词应用延续性动词。
?Don’t
talk
while
you’re
eating.
你吃饭时不要说话。
【练习】判断下列句子中
while的含义
①(2020·天津单项填空改编)
I
never
worried
about
my
son
while
I
was
away
because
my
mother
kept
an
eye
on
him.
当……的时候
②Warm
colors
like
yellow
make
food
appear
more
appetizing(引起食欲的),
while
cold
colors
make
us
feel
less
hungry.
……而,……然而
③(2019·全国Ⅲ卷阅读理解七选五节)
While
I
have
only
listed
two
of
each,
there
are
obviously
many
other
situations
that
can
arise.
虽然
[句意：虽然我只列出了其中的两种情况，但显然还有许多其他情况会出现。]
语法
动词不定式作宾语与动词-ing形式作宾语
【挖教材·语法示例】
用括号内词的适当形式填写下面教材中的句子并体会它们的语法特征。
1.
We
need
to
train
(train)ourselves
to
be
better
learners.
2.
I
suggest
doing
(do)
five
things
to
take
an
active
role
in
your
learning.
3.
If
you
keep
paying
(pay)
too
much
attention
to
it,
you
risk
missing
(miss)
important
information.
4.
In
short:
Do
not
stop
being
(be)
curious.
5.
They
attempt
to
find
(find
)the
truth
at
the
heart
of
each
idea.
6.
They
refuse
to
learn
(learn)
or
ignore
what
is
said
because
of
who
the
speaker/writer
is.
7.
It
is
true
that
we
cannot
help
disliking
(dislike)
some
people—this
is
human
nature,
after
all.
8.
Active
learners
also
try
to
question
(question)
the
world
around
them
and
understand
the
truth
deep
within
every
idea.
9.
But
now
I’ve
learnt
to
avoid
listening
(listen)
to
my
inner
voice
all
the
time
and
sometimes
I
even
argue
with
it.
动词不定式作宾语与动词-ing形式作宾语
【考点1】常接动词不定式作宾语的动词
下列动词后一般跟不定式作宾语：decide(决定)，determine(决心)，learn(学会)，want(想要)，wish/
hope/
want/
expect(希望)，refuse(拒绝)，manage(设法)，care(愿意)，pretend(假装)，offer(主动提出)，
promise(答应)，choose(选
择)，intend/plan(打算，计划)，agree(同意)，ask/beg(恳求，祈求)，help(帮助)等。
注意：请牢记下面的口诀，帮助记忆其后可跟不定式作宾语的动词。
决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装，
主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。
此外，
afford(付得起)，demand(要求)，prepare(准备)，fail(失败)，arrange(安排，筹备)，threaten(威胁)，claim(声称),aim(力争做到)，hesitate(顾虑)，seem(看起来)，happen(碰巧)等动词后也接动词不定式作宾语。
?I
offered
to
paint
the
house
in
exchange
for
a
week’s
accommodation.我主动提出给房子涂油漆以换取一周的住宿。
【考点2】常接动词ing形式作宾语的(短语)动词
下列动词或短语动词后一般用动词-ing形式作宾语：consider(考虑)，advise/suggest(建议)，look
forward
to(盼望)，
excuse/pardon(原谅)，admit(承认)，delay/
put
off(推迟)，fancy/imagine(想象)，avoid(避免)，miss(错过)，keep/keep
on
(继续)，practise(练习)，deny(否认)，finish(完成)，appreciate(感激)，forbid(禁止)，give
up(放弃)，risk(冒险)，can’t
help
(不禁)，mind(介意)，allow/
permit(允许)，escape(避免)等。
注意：请牢记下面的口诀，帮助记忆其后可跟动词-ing形式作宾语的(短语)动词。
考虑建议盼原谅,承认推迟没得想。
避免错过继续练,否认完成就感激。
禁止放弃才冒险,不禁介意准逃亡。
此外，mean(意味着)，resist(抵抗)，insist
on(坚持)，feel
like(想要)，admit(承认)，stop(停止)等(短语)动词后通常接
动词-ing形式作宾语。
?All
the
staff
in
our
company
are
considering
going
to
the
city
centre
for
the
fashion
show.
我们公司的所有员工都在考虑去市中心看时装秀。
【考点3】接动词不定式/动词-ing形式意义差别大的(短语)动词
汉语意思
英文搭配
汉语意思
英文搭配
1
记得去做某事
remember
to
do
sth.
记得做过某事
remember
doing
sth.
2
忘记去做某事
forget
to
do
sth.
忘记做过某事
forget
doing
sth.
3
遗憾地做某事
regret
to
do
sth.
后悔做过某事
regret
doing
sth.
4
尽力做某事
try
to
do
sth.
尝试做某事
try
doing
sth.
5
打算做某事
mean
to
do
sth..
意味着做某事
mean
doing
sth.
6
停下来去做某事
stop
to
do
sth.
停止做某事
stop
doing
sth.
7
接着做另一事
go
on
to
do
sth.
继续做同一事
go
on
doing
sth.
8
需要做某事
need/require
to
do
sth.
某事需要被做
sth.
need/require
doing
9
想做某事
want
to
do
sth.
某事需要被做
sth.
want
doing
10
不能帮忙做某事
can’t
help
to
do
sth.
忍不住做某事
can’t
help
doing
sth.
【考点4】接动词不定式/动词-ing形式意义差别不大的(短语)动词
1.表示“爱僧喜恶”的情感类动词
hate,
love,
like,
prefer等动词后接动词不定式和动词-ing形式作宾语时，含义有些区别：接动词不定式作宾语时，一般表示一次性、具体的动作；接动词-ing形式作宾语时，一般表示习惯性、一般性的动作。
?I
like
reading,
but
I
don’t
like
to
read
today.我喜欢读书，但今天不想读。
2.
begin,
start,
continue等少数几个动词后接动词不定式或动词-ing形式作宾语时意义差别不大。
【特别提醒】动词
begin,
continue,
start,
intend等后接不定式和动词-ing形式一般情况下可以互换，但是在下面的情况中，这些动词后只能接不定式。
(1)当begin,
continue,
start等本身用于进行时的时候。
?The
students
are
starting
to
work
on
the
maths
problems.
学生们开始做数学题。
(2)当begin,
continue,
start等与know,
understand等表示心理状态的动词连用时。
?I
began
to
understand
what
had
happened.
我开始明白发生了什么。
【考点5】动词不定式与动词ing形式作宾语的其他用法
在need,
require,
want等表“需要”的动词的后面可接动词-ing形式作宾语(用主动形式表示被动含义)，也可接动词不定式的被动式作宾语。
?My
shirt
needs
washing.=
My
shirt
needs
to
be
washed.我的衬衫该洗了。
【语法练习】语法填空
1.The
boy
refused
to
admit
stealing
(steal)
my
money.
2.The
bird
was
so
lucky
that
it
just
missed
being
caught
(catch)．
3.We
don’t
allow
smoking
(smoke)
in
the
classroom.
4.How
did
you
manage
to
finish
(finish)
it
so
soon?
5.He
pretended
to
like
(like)
us,
but
he
didn’t.
6.My
job
doesn’t
include
making
(make)
coffee
for
the
boss.
7.All
our
classmates
are
considering
going
(go)
to
the
city
centre
for
the
fashion
show.
8.Less
and
less
people
can
afford
to
go
(go)
abroad
for
their
holidays.
9.He
agreed
to
help
(help)
but
backed
out
when
he
found
how
difficult
it
was.
巩固练习
A
基础练｜
知识巩固
｜
建议时间：20mins
一、单词拼写(用本部分所学单词)
1.
For
most
of
us
breathing
is
automatic
(自动的)．
2.
This
city,
which
lies
in
the
far
north
of
Fushun,
is
divided
into
two
parts,
the
inner
city
and
the
outer
city.
3.
Stephen
Hawking
believes
that
the
earth
is
unlikely
to
be
the
only
planet
where
life
develops.
4.
(2020·山东滨州开学考)He
attempted
to
help
us,
but
in
fact
his
coming
would
add
to
our
difficulty.
5.
Either
she
didn’t
see
me
or
she
ignored
me
on
purpose.
6.
This
material
absorbs
the
sound,
and
doesn’t
reflect
(反射)it.
7.
They
argued
(争辩)
that
they
needed
more
time
to
finish
the
project.
8.
Home-working
opportunities
and
flexible
(灵活的)working
hours
are
top
concerns
for
the
working
mothers.
9.
As
a
matter
of
fact,
the
beauty
of
nature
there
made
an
excellent
impression
(印象)on
me.
10.
Vitamins(维生素)
C
and
E
help
protect
eyesight
and
promote
(促进)
eye
health.
二、语法填空。在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Topic
Talk
1.
She
finds
an
approach
to
solving
(solve)
this
problem.
2.
In
the
20th
century,
people
preferred
traveling
by
sea
to
traveling
by
air.
3.
This
job
calls
for
great
patience
and
concentration
(concentrate).
4.
Please
actively
take
part
in
after-school
activities,
which
will
not
only
make
your
school
life
colorful,
but
also
improve
your
learning.
5.
You
must
keep
away
from
the
man,
who
is
dangerous
(danger).
If
you
are
in
danger,
please
call
110.
6.
Playing
(play)loud
music
in
public
is
against
the
law
in
the
UK.
Lesson1
1.
People
attempted
to
take
(take)
the
41-year-old
man
to
hospital
but
he
refused
medical
attention.
[医疗护理]
2.
We
had
an
argument
(argue)with
the
waiter
about
the
bill.
3.
The
cat
felt
curious
when
she
saw
her
own
reflection
(reflect)
in
the
mirror.
4.(2020·山东济南外国语学校月考)Assuming
(assume)you
are
right,
we’ll
make
a
great
deal
of
money
from
the
project.
5.
The
water
level
rose
so
high
in
several
places
that
many
houses
were
at
risk
after
the
storm.
6.
However,
attracted
by
the
price,
some
people
may
buy
unnecessary
things,
which
end
up
being
(be)a
waste
money.
7.
We
can
work
out
possible
solutions
to
our
problems
when
we
read
about
people
in
books
whose
problems
are
like
our
own.
8.Based
(base)
on
long
time
observation
and
experience,
his
theory
is
well
received
in
the
field
of
astronomy.
9.
Some
people
believe
that
they
can’t
help
putting
(put)
on
weight
as
they
get
older,
and
others
hold
that
if
they
stop
exercising,
their
muscles
will
turn
into
fat.
10.
We
cannot
accept
a
society
where
the
rich
enjoy
comfort
while
the
poor
have
to
suffer.
三、用方框内短语的适当形式填空(有两项为多余选项)
concentrate
on
in
danger
of
finish
with
be
fluent
in
so
that
prefer
to
1.
First
of
all.
I
am
fluent
in
oral
English
and
have
worked
as
a
part-time
travel
guide
for
foreigner.
2.
We
may
also
find
ourselves
very
tired
on
Mondays
to
concentrate
on
the
lessons
in
our
school.
3.
Only
when
I
read
the
news
did
I
know
the
species
were
in
danger
of
dying
out.
4.
Unlike
most
people
in
the
office,
I
don’t
come
to
work
by
car.
I
prefer
to
take
a
bus.
B
语法练｜
专项突破
｜
建议时间：15
mins
一、用适当的词填空
1.
After
he
finished
doing
(do)
maths
homework,
he
went
on
to
write
(write)a
composition.
2.
I
can’t
stand
working
(work)
with
Jane
in
the
same
office.
She
just
refuses
to
stop
(stop)
talking
while
she
works.
3.
Have
you
forgotten
borrowing
(borrow)some
books
from
me
last
month?
Will
you
please
remember
to
bring
(bring)
them
tomorrow?
4.
(2020·山东潍坊期末)
When
he
told
his
travel
stories
to
his
grandma,
she
regretted
not
seeing
(see)
more
of
the
world
5.
I
don’t
like
swimming
,
but
I
like
to
swim
this
afternoon,
because
it
is
too
hot.(swim)
6.
I
require
him
to
water
trees,
because
they
require
watering/to
be
watered
in
this
hot
weather.
(water)
二、对比题组专练
GROUP
1
1.(2018·浙江语法填空改编)
I
still
remember
visiting
(visit)a
friend
who’d
lived
here
for
five
years
and
I
was
shocked
when
I
learnt
she
hadn’t
cooked
once
in
all
that
time.
2.
I
remembered
to
lock
(lock)
the
door
before
I
left
the
office,
but
forgot
to
turn
off
the
lights.
GROUP
2
3.
He
couldn’t
get
across
his
idea
in
the
speech,
so
we
didn’t
know
what
he
had
meant
to
say
(say).
4.
Taking
this
job
means
having
(have)
a
lot
of
opportunities
to
travel
abroad.
三、语法填空。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内词的正确形式。
I
crossed
the
street
to
avoid
(1)
seeing
(see)him,
but
he
saw
me
and
came
running
towards
me.
It
was
no
use
(2)
pretending
(pretend)
that
I
had
not
seen
him,
so
I
waved
to
him.
I
never
enjoy
(3)
meeting
(meet)
Nigel
Dykes.
He
never
has
anything
to
do.
No
matter
how
busy
you
are,
he
always
insists
on
(4)
accompanying
(accompany)you.
I
had
to
think
of
a
way
of
preventing
him
from
(5)
following
(follow)me
around
all
the
morning.
“Hello,
Nigel,”I
said,“glad
(6)
to
meet
(meet)
you
here!”
“Hi,
Elizabeth,”Nigel
answered.“I
was
just
wondering
how(7)
to
spend
(spend)
the
morning
until
I
saw
you.
You’re
not
busy
(8)
doing
(do)anything,
are
you?”
“No,
not
at
all,”I
answered.“I’m
going
to...”
“Would
you
mind
my
(9)
coming
(come)
with
you?”he
asked,
before
I
finished
(10)
speaking
(speak).
“Not
at
all,
”I
lied,
“but
I’m
going
to
the
dentist.”
“Then
I’ll
come
with
you,
”he
answered.
“There
are
always
plenty
of
books
to
read
in
the
waiting
room!”
C｜
综合练｜
能力提升｜
建议时间：7mins
课文语法填空。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The
human
brain
does
not
work
1
(automatic)
as
most
people
assume.
You
need
to
train
2
(you)to
be
active
learners,
and
the
author
suggests
five
things
in
your
learning.
First,
you
shouldn’t
keep
paying
too
much
attention
to
the
inner
voice
for
fear
that
you
risk
3
(miss)
important
information.
Instead,
to
be
in
a
better
position
for
decisions,
you
are
expected
to
focus
on
what
the
speaker/writer
is
saying,
not
on
what
your
brain
is
saying
in
the
background.
Second,
you
should
argue
with
your
inner
voice
as
most
active
learners
do
and
be
flexible
in
your
opinions
when
necessary.
Third,
the
author
thinks
that
asking
questions
4
(be)
the
easiest
way
to
promote
active
learning.
Your
questions
will
lead
you
to
further
learning,
and
the
very
act
of
working
5
questions
will
help
you
to
achieve
a
higher
level
of
understanding
about
the
topic.
Fourth,
active
learners
should
not
accept
everything
they
learn
6
attempt
to
find
the
truth
at
the
heart
of
each
idea.
Even
when
an
idea
7
(sound)entirely
unlikely,
there
may
be
an
aspect
of
it
that
is
based
on
truth.
No
matter
how
crazy
it
seems,
you
will
increase
your
chance
of
learning
something
when
you
find
8
source.
Last
but
not
least,
you
should
focus
on
the
message
itself
instead
of
the
writer/speaker.
Though
we
cannot
help
disliking
some
people,
9
is
human
nature,
you
can
still
learn
from
them.
Active
learners
do
not
judge
people
10
(base)on
first
personal
feelings
or
assume
that
some
people
are
always
right
just
because
they
are
your
friends.
答案：1.automatically
2.yourselves
3.missing
4.is
5.
out
6.
but
7.
sounds
8.
the
9.
which
10.based
