(共49张PPT)
七 Unit
3 Starting
out
&
Understanding
ideas
【语用训练】
Ⅰ.
用所给词的适当形式填空
1.
Children
like
________
(bounce)
up
and
down
on
a
sofa,
so
the
houses
with
children
are
usually
messy.
2.
I
urge
you
to
continue
your
good
work
in
sustaining
and
__________
(sharp)
Hong
Kong’s
competitive
edge.
3.
It
was
his
first
start
against
his
former
__________
(teammate).
4.
Chinese
religion
___________
(associate)
and
cultural
organizations
will
face
this
new
challenge.
bouncing
sharpening
teammates
associations
5.
This
is
the
parcel
which
we
have
been
_________(expect)
from
New
York.
6.
Haha,
my
young
lady
was
no
___________(philosophy),
and
no
model
of
patience.
7.
Did
the
driver
come
for
you
in
a
new
big
_____(shine)
auto?
8.
The
car
bounced
along
the
_______(bump)
mountain
road,
but
I
fell
asleep
immediately.
expecting
philosopher
shiny
bumpy
Ⅱ.
根据语境填入适当的介词或副词
1.
___a
result,
the
Geneva
settlement
on
Laos
never
went
into
effect.
2.
The
factory
must
aim
__increasing
production.
3.
They
would
rather
starve
than
give
way
__enemies.
4.
We
are
called
on
to
carry
___war
against
poverty,
illiteracy,
and
disease.
5.
The
team
notched
up
their
third
victory
__a
row.
6.
It’s
a
beautiful
painting,
but
it’s
a
far
cry
_____great
art.
7.
I
have
the
confidence
to
know
you
will
be
successful
and
achieve
what
you’ve
set
___to
do.
As
at
to
on
in
from
out
Ⅲ.
完成句子
1.
The
weather
is
usually
changeable,
sometimes
_____________________.
(expectation)?
通常天气变化无常,
有时候变得出乎我们意料。
2.
①_________________________________,
the
park
looks
even
more
beautiful.
(过去分词作状语)?
②__________________________________,
I
find
the
park
even
more
beautiful.
(现在分词作状语)?
从高楼的顶上看,
公园看上去更漂亮。
beyond
our
expectations
Seen
from
the
top
of
the
high
building
Seeing
from
the
top
of
the
high
building
3.
____________________________________________.
?
重要的不是你说什么而是你做了什么。
4.
My
parents
always
_______________________my
getting
a
good
education.
(attach)?
我的父母一直非常重视让我接受良好的教育。
5.
He
___________________yesterday.
(make复合结构)?
他昨天惹他父亲生气了。
6.
Despite
his
efforts,
he
_________________________after
all.
(end
up)
?
尽管他付出了努力,
最终还是未能成功。
It’s
not
what
you
say
but
what
you
do
that
matters
attach
great
importance
to
made
his
father
angry
ended
up
being
unsuccessful
【主题阅读】
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
A
(2021·长沙高二检测)
Just
over
12
months
ago
I
gave
myself
a
challenge:
give
up
spending
on
all
but
the
essentials
for
a
whole
year.
It
hasn’t
always
been
easy,
but
a
year
on
I
am
wealthier
and
wiser.
Embarrassingly,
I
have
also
realised
just
how
much
money
I’ve
squandered
down
the
pubs
in
restaurants
and
through
mindless
shopping.
Free
of
any
financial
worries,
I
was
spending
without
thinking.
Stuck
in
a
cycle
of
consumerism,
I
was
struggling
in
vain
to
spend
my
way
to
happiness.
Giving
up
spending
for
a
year
was
an
extreme
approach,
but
I
wanted
to
taste
extreme
frugality,
shake
up
my
spending
patterns
and
overpay
my
mortgage
instead
of
shopping.
I
could
continue
to
pay
my
bills,
including
mortgages,
broadband(宽带),
phone
bill,
charity
donations,
life
insurances,
money
to
help
my
family
and
basic
groceries.
It
was
not
easy,
especially
in
the
first
few
months.
There
were
lows,
such
as
when
I
missed
my
favourite
jazz
concerts
and
hit
films.
There
have
also
been
some
awkward
moments
when
I’ve
turned
up
to
a
friend’s
house
for
dinner
empty-handed.
I
did
a
lot
of
washing
up
at
my
friends’
houses
in
return
this
year.
I
did
find
new
ways
to
live,
however.
Using
sites
such
as
Eventbrite
I
have
been
to
film
screenings,
wine
tasting
evenings
and
theatre
productions
for
free.
Living
in
London
I
have
a
wealth
of
free
cultural
activities
on
my
doorstep
and
I’ve
been
to
more
art
exhibitions
this
year
than
ever
before.
I
even
managed
a
free
holiday,
cycling
the
Suffolk
and
Norfolk
coast
and
camping
on
beaches.
It’s
something
I’d
never
done
before
and
probably
wouldn’t
have,
were
it
not
for
the
challenge.
The
last
12
months
have
taught
me
what
things
I
really
need.
I
can
honestly
say
I’
m
happier
now.
I’ve
gained
confidence
and
skills,
done
things
and
met
lovely
people
I
wouldn’t
have
otherwise
done
or
met.
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章记叙了作者为了改变自己的消费模式,
进行了为期一年的无消费挑战,
即在一年内放弃除必需品以外的所有支出。作者描述了自己在此期间的体会和改变,
并认为这一挑战是有益的。
1.
In
the
past
the
author
wasted
much
money
on
the
following
EXCEPT
_______.
?
A.
purposeless
shopping
B.
basic
groceries
C.
restaurants
D.
pubs
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Embarrassingly,
I
have
also
realised
just
how
much
money
I’ve
squandered
down
the
pubs
in
restaurants
and
through
mindless
shopping.
可知,
作者在酒吧、餐厅和盲目购物方面浪费了很多钱,
除了B选项“基本生活用品”。故选B。
2.
We
can
infer
that
the
purpose
of
the
author’s
no-spending
challenge
is
to
_______.
?
A.
try
to
form
a
virtue
of
frugality
B.
change
her
former
spending
habits
C.
pay
off
her
mortgage
as
soon
as
possible
D.
reserve
money
for
her
everyday
bills
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第二段中Giving
up
spending
for
a
year
was
an
extreme
approach,
but
I
wanted
to
taste
extreme
frugality,
shake
up
my
spending
patterns
and
overpay
my
mortgage
instead
of
shopping.
可推知,
作者的无消费挑战的目的是改变她以前的消费习惯。故选B。
3.
What
do
we
know
about
the
author
during
her
no-spending
year?
A.
She
did
a
lot
of
washing
and
cooking
in
pubs.
B.
She
tried
cycling
and
camping
for
the
first
time.
C.
She
explored
more
cultural
activities
in
London.
D.
She
attended
concerts
and
wine
evenings
for
free.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第四段第三句Living
in
London
I
have
a
wealth
of
free
cultural
activities
on
my
doorstep
and
I’ve
been
to
more
art
exhibitions
this
year
than
ever
before.
可知,
作者在无消费挑战的那一年里,
在伦敦探索了更多的文化活动。故选C。
4.
How
does
the
author
eventually
feel
about
her
no-spending
year?
A.
It’s
discouraging.
B.
It’s
challenging.
C.
It’s
beneficial.
D.
It’s
embarrassing.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。由最后一段The
last
12
months
have
taught
me
what
things
I
really
need.
I
can
honestly
say
I’m
happier
now.
I’ve
gained
confidence
and
skills,
done
things
and
met
lovely
people
I
wouldn’t
have
otherwise
done
or
met.
可推知,
作者最终觉得她这一年的无消费挑战是有益的。故选C。
B
Recently,
the
organizers
of
the
2024
Paris
Olympics
have
suggested
that
breakdancing
be
included
in
2024,
making
it
closer
to
becoming
an
Olympic
sport.
The
other
3
sports—surfing,
skateboarding
and
sport
climbing—will
all
make
debuts
in
the
2020
Tokyo
Olympics.
That
is
to
say,
audience
will
be
able
to
watch
these
three
sports
as
Olympic
events
for
the
first
time.
The
organizers
stressed
that
four
sports
had
been
chosen
since
they
would
reflect
the
city’s
identity
and
help
take
the
Olympics
to
the
street.
They
added
that
the
purposes
were
to
deliver
a
Games
that
was
able
to
keep
up
with
the
times
and
encourage
new
audience
and
attract
young
people.
Breakdancing
is
a
typical
example
which
can
be
played
without
the
limitations
of
time
and
places
in
urban
and
other
environments.
As
one
of
the
sports
at
the
Young
Olympic
Games
in
Buenos
Aires
in
2018,
breakdancing
now
could
see
its
popularity
greatly
raised.
But
the
International
Olympic
Committee(IOC)
needs
to
approve
the
French
suggestion
before
it
can
be
formally
added
to
the
2024
Paris
Olympics
sports
programme.
With
new
IOC
rules
first
introduced
to
the
2020
Tokyo
Olympics,
host
cities
can
select
sports
and
propose
them
for
inclusion
in
those
Games
if
they
are
popular
in
that
country
and
add
to
the
Game’s
appeal.
Antonio
Espinos
Ortueta,
the
president
of
the
World
Karate
Federation
said,
“Our
sport
has
grown
rapidly
over
the
last
years.
We
believe
that
we
have
met
all
the
requirements
and
that
we
have
the
perfect
conditions
to
be
added
to
the
sports
programme.
However,
we
have
learned
today
that
we
still
haven’t
had
the
chance
to
prove
our
value
as
an
Olympic
sport.
”
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。2024年巴黎奥运会的组织者想把霹雳舞纳入比赛项目,
因为他们觉得把一些新的比赛项目纳入奥运会能体现奥运会的时代性以及吸引更多的年轻人。但是能不能成功还需要国际奥委会的同意。
5.
Which
of
the
following
is
closest
in
meaning
to
the
underlined
word
“debuts”
in
Paragraph
1
?
A.
announcements.
B.
appearances.
C.
admissions.
D.
advertisements.
【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据第一段最后一句That
is
to
say,
audience
will
be
able
to
watch
these
three
sports
as
Olympic
events
for
the
first
time.
可知,
观众将第一次看到这三个运动项目作为奥运会的比赛项目,
由此可猜测,
debuts意为appearances,
也就是说霹雳舞和其他的三个运动项目冲浪、滑板和运动攀登将会在2020年的东京奥运会上亮相;
故选B。
6.
What
can
we
learn
about
breakdancing?
A.
It
attracts
people
of
all
ages.
B.
It
is
the
symbol
of
Paris.
C.
It
was
performed
in
2018
Pyeongchang
Winter
Olympics
.
D.
It
can
be
played
anytime
and
anywhere.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。由第二段中的“Breakdancing
is
a
typical
example
which
can
be
played
without
the
limitations
of
time
and
places
in
urban
and
other
environments.
”可知,
霹雳舞能随时随地被表演。故选D。
7.
What
does
IOC
do
in
selecting
sports?
A.
Give
useful
advice.
B.
Offer
enough
support.
C.
Give
detailed
explanations.
D.
Have
the
last
word.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。由第三段中的“But
the
International
Olympic
Committee(IOC)
needs
to
approve
the
French
suggestion
before
it
can
be
formally
added
to
the
2024
Paris
Olympics
sports
programme.
”可推知,
国际奥委会有最后的决定权。故选D。
8.
Which
of
the
following
is
TRUE
according
to
Antonio
Espinos
Ortueta’s
words?
A.
He
thought
it
easy
for
a
new
sport
to
be
included
in
Olympics.
B.
He
thought
breakdancing
was
far
from
ready
to
be
an
Olympic
event.
C.
He
couldn’t
be
sure
of
the
final
decision
of
IOC.
D.
He
found
it
likely
for
breakdancing
to
be
performed
in
Olympics.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。由最后一段中的“However,
we
have
learned
today
that
we
still
haven’t
had
the
chance
to
prove
our
value
as
an
Olympic
sport.
”可知,
Antonio
Espinos
Ortueta不能确定国际奥委会的最后决定。故选C。
【方法技巧】词义猜测题在高考中有三种考查形式:
生词猜测词义或熟词生义、猜测一句话的意思、指代关系猜词(代词或者名词)。从近三年考查形势看,
三种考查方式同等重要。本文中考查的是生词词义猜测。这种题型的解法主要是在画线词所在句子的前后找到该句话的同义句或者释义句,
再根据同义句或者释义句的意思推断出画线单词的意思。例如第5题,
考查的就是生词词义猜测,
由其后的“That
is
to
say(那就是说)”可知,
后一句话是对前一句话的解释。由此可根据后一句话的意思推断出画线单词的意思。所以再解生词猜测词义的题目时,
找对同义句或释义句非常重要。同学们要多积累向“That
is
to
say”这样的表示解释关系的词汇。
Ⅱ.
阅读填句
(2021·长沙高二检测)
The
COVID-19
continues
to
be
a
heath
threat
around
the
world.
Governments,
communities
and
individuals
are
looking
for
ways
to
teach
children
how
to
protect
themselves.
1
They
might
want
to
follow
the
advice
of
imaginative
creatures
that
are
adorable,
colorful
and
furry!
?
Muppets(提线木偶)are
puppets
from
the
children’s
show
Sesame
Street
created
by
Sesame
Workshop.
Sesame
Workshop
started
a
campaign
called
Caring
for
Each
Other.
2 The
project
includes
messages
for
children
and
caregivers.
It
offers
reading,
math
and
science
activities
along
with
songs
and
fun,
educational
videos.
?
Elmo,
Grover
and
other
Sesame
Street
Muppets
star
in
new
public
service
advertisements(PSAs)from
the
Sesame
Workshop.
These
PSAs
teach
children
about
the
importance
of
handwashing
and
safe
ways
to
sneeze,
limiting
the
spread
of
germs.
3
Elmo
is
probably
one
of
the
most
famous
Muppets.
He
is
known
for
a
video
of
a
song
about
brushing
teeth
called
Brushy
Brush.
He
reminds
children
to
wash
between
the
fingers
and
the
tops
of
the
hands.
4
This
silly
blue
Muppet
teaches
children
how
to
safely
cough
and
sneeze.
He
even
uses
a
checklist
that
includes
breakfast,
brushing
his
teeth
and
exercise.
?
5
A
set
of
things
children
normally
do
can
help
them
stay
healthy.
Even
though
things
may
be
a
little
different
right
now,
health
experts
recommend
having
a
regular
procedure
every
day
while
isolated(隔离).
By
doing
so,
parents
and
caregivers
can
give
their
children
and
themselves
a
sense
of
stability
in
this
new
normal.
?
A.
Another
video
in
the
campaign
features
Grover.
B.
No
doubt
parents
are
experiencing
a
tough
period.
C.
The
song
has
been
updated
to
teach
good
handwashing.
D.
The
campaign
emphasizes
the
importance
of
a
daily
routine.
E.
Children,
however,
often
do
not
want
to
listen
to
grownups.
F.
It
aims
to
help
families
stay
physically
and
mentally
healthy.
G.
They
also
educate
children
that
these
actions
show
care
for
others.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。本文重点谈到了儿童节目《芝麻街》中的木偶戏。Elmo,
Grover和其他《芝麻街》木偶在芝麻工作室的新公共服务广告中扮演主角,
教孩子们在居家期间学会如何保持健康。
1.
【解析】选E。根据上文可知COVID-19仍然是世界各地的健康威胁。政府、社区和个人都在寻找教育儿童如何保护自己的方法。以及后文可知本句起到承上启下的作用,
表示孩子们通常不愿意听成年人念念叨叨。故选E。
2.
【解析】选F。根据上文Muppets
are
puppets
from
the
children’s
show
Sesame
Street
created
by
Sesame
Workshop.
Sesame
Workshop
started
a
campaign
called
Caring
for
Each
Other.
可知,
本空前面谈到芝麻工作室发起了一项运动,
空处接着谈论其目的。故选F。
3.
【解析】选G。根据上文可知,
本空前面谈到PSAs教导孩子们洗手的重要性和打喷嚏的安全方法,
限制细菌的传播,
故本句承接上文继续说明PSAs的其他一些教育孩子的行动。故选G。
4.
【解析】选A。根据上文可知,
上一段提到了两种卡通形象Elmo和Grover,
空前提及Elmo在广告视频中所起的作用,
可知本句继续谈谈论另一个提线木偶Grover。故选A。
5.
【解析】选D。根据后文可知,
空后谈到了孩子们平时做的一系列事情可以帮助他们保持健康,
后文也提到了健康专家的建议,
以及保持每日常规的好处,
故本句旨在说明这次广告运动凸显了个人每日生活习惯的重要性。故选D。
Ⅲ.
完形填空
Around
the
world
more
and
more
people
are
1
dangerous
sports
and
activities.
Of
course
there
have
always
been
people
who
have
2
adventure—those
who
have
climbed
the
3
mountains,
explored
unknown
parts
of
the
world
or
4
in
small
boats
across
the
greatest
oceans.
Now,
however,
there
are
people
who
look
for
an
immediate
pleasure
from
a
dangerous
activity
which
may
only
last
a
few
minutes
or
even
5 .
?
I
would
consider
bungee
jumping(蹦极)to
be
a
good
example
of
such
an
activity.
You
jump
from
a
high
place
about
200
meters
above
the
ground
with
an
elastic(有弹力的)rope
6
to
your
ankles.
You
fall
at
up
to
150
kilometers
an
hour
until
the
rope
stops
you
from
7
the
ground.
It
is
said
that
2
million
people
around
the
world
have
now
8
bungee
jumping.
Other
activities,
9
most
people
would
say
are
as
dangerous
as
bungee
jumping,
10
jumping
from
tall
buildings
and
11
into
the
sea
from
the
top
of
high
rocks.
?
Why
do
people
take
part
in
such
activities
as
these?
Some
psychologists(心理学家)
suggest
that
it
is
because
life
in
12
societies
has
become
safe
and
boring.
Not
very
long
ago,
people’s
lives
were
constantly
under
danger.
They
had
to
go
out
and
hunt
for
food,
and
life
was
a
continuous
battle
for
survival.
?
Nowadays,
according
to
many
people,
life
offers
13
excitement.
They
live
and
work
in
relatively
safe
condition;
they
buy
food
in
shops;
and
there
are
doctors
and
hospitals
to
14
them
if
they
become
ill.
The
answer
for
some
of
these
people
is
to
15
danger
in
activities
such
as
bungee
jumping.
?
【文章大意】这是一篇议论文,
讲述了人们参加极限运动的热情及原因。
1.
A.
escaping
from
B.
taking
part
in
C.
going
in
D.
taking
in
【解析】选
B。从本段后面所举的例子来看,
此处说的是越来越多的人正参加各种危险的运动。“从事”应说
go
in
for,
故
C
不对。
2.
A.
looked
up
B.
looked
into
C.
looked
for
D.
looked
around
【解析】选C。越来越多的人参加各种危险的运动,
从
Of
course
可推测此处说“也不乏有人参加冒险”。
3.
A.
lowest
B.
highest
C.
beautiful
D.
wild
【解析】选B。从破折号来看,
下文是通过例子来说明有人参加冒险活动。根据所举的几个例子来看,
此处选
highest
才能与“冒险”这个主题相吻合,
并与
explored
unknown
parts
of
the
world
等语意一致。
4.
A.
sailed B.
swam C.
jumped D.
crossed
【解析】选A。根据下文的
in
small
boats
across
the
greatest
oceans
可知此处说的应是“乘船在大洋上航行”,
故选用
sailed。
5.
A.
years
B.
seconds
C.
hours
D.
days
【解析】选B。根据上文的
.
.
.
who
look
for
an
immediate
pleasure
及
which
may
only
last
a
few
minutes
or
even.
.
.
等可推测,
此处说的是这项运动持续时间短,
显然
hours,
days
和
years
不合语境。
6.
A.
followed
B.
tied
C.
brought
D.
took
【解析】选B。在往下跳时,
运动员的脚踝要系在绳子上,
也就是要把绳子栓在脚踝上,
所以用
tied。
7.
A.
falling
B.
running
C.
flying
D.
hitting
【解析】选D。此处介绍的是系绳子的目的——不让你撞到地上。
8.
A.
tried
B.
observed
C.
found
D.
studied
【解析】选A。根据下文可知,
世界上有很多人都已经尝试过蹦极这项运动。
9.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
it
D.
what
【解析】选B。which
引导非限制性定语从句,
指代前面提到的
Other
activities。
10.
A.
abuse
B.
include
C.
carve
D.
conclude
【解析】选B。前面提到的
bungee
是从高处往地面跳,
这里具体说从何处往下跳:
一是从大楼往下跳,
二是从高的岩石上往海面跳。故此处应用
include。
11.
A.
swimming
B.
running
C.
diving
D.
skating
【解析】选C。从下文的
into
the
sea
可看出是“跳水”,
故用
diving。
12.
A.
old
B.
modern
C.
past
D.
formal
【解析】选B。本文所介绍的活动是新兴的一项运动,
也就是现代人所从事的活动,
由此可推断此处选
modern,
既说明“现代社会人们的生活很安全、枯燥”,
故许多人从事这项运动来寻找刺激。
13.
A.
few
B.
little
C.
much
D.
many
【解析】选B。从后文可知“现在人们生活、工作在相对安全的环境下”,
与狩猎相比,
现代人的生活少了刺激,
所以也就少了欢乐,
故用
little。
14.
A.
look
at
B.
look
behind
C.
look
like
D.
look
after
【解析】选D。从
if
they
become
ill
知,
此处说的是“当生病时有医生来照看他们”,
故用
look
after。
15.
A.
seek
for
B.
build
up
C.
suffer
from
D.
find
out
【解析】选A。此句总结全文。人们在刺激的运动中寻找危险。
【补偿训练】
Running
is
often
tiring
and
a
lot
of
hard
work,
but
nothing
beats
the
feeling
you
get
after
finishing
a
long
workout
around
the
track.
But
while
it’s
long
been
believed
that
endorphins
(内啡肽)—chemicals
in
the
body
that
cause
happiness—are
behind
the
so-called
“runner’s
high”,
a
study
suggested
that
there
may
be
more
to
this
phenomenon
than
we
previously
knew.
According
to
a
recent
study
published
by
a
group
of
scientists
from
several
German
universities,
a
group
of
chemicals
called
endocannabinoids(内源性大麻素)
may
actually
be
responsible
for
this
familiar
great
feeling.
To
test
this
theory,
the
scientists
turned
to
mice.
Both
mice
and
humans
release
high
levels
of
endorphins
and
endocannabinoids
after
exercise,
along
with
many
other
chemicals.
After
exercising
on
running
wheels,
the
mice
seemed
happy
and
relaxed
and
displayed
no
signs
of
anxiety.
But
after
being
given
a
drug
to
block
their
endorphins,
they
changed.
However,
when
their
endocannabinoids
were
blocked
with
a
different
drug,
the
runner’s
high
symptoms
seemed
to
fade.
“The
long-held
notion
of
endorphins
being
responsible
for
the
runner’s
high
is
false.
Endorphins
are
effective
pain
relievers,
but
only
when
it
comes
to
the
pain
in
your
body
and
muscles
you
feel
after
working
out,
”
Patrick
Lucas
Austin
wrote
on
a
science
blog.
Similar
studies
are
yet
to
be
carried
out
on
humans,
but
it’s
already
well
known
that
exercise
is
a
highly
effective
way
to
get
rid
of
stress
or
anxiety.
The
UK’s
National
Health
Service
even
prescribes
(开药方)exercise
for
patients
who
are
suffering
from
depression.
“Being
depressed
can
leave
you
feeling
low
in
energy,
which
might
put
you
off
being
more
active.
Regular
exercise
can
boost
your
mood
if
you
have
depression,
and
it’s
especially
useful
for
people
with
mild
to
moderate
(中等的)
depression,
”
it
wrote
on
its
website.
It
seems
like
nothing
can
beat
that
feeling
we
get
after
a
good
workout,
even
if
we
don’t
fully
understand
where
it
comes
from.
At
least
if
we’re
feeling
down,
we
know
that
all
we
have
to
do
is
put
on
our
running
shoes.
【文章大意】本文主要探究了影响运动者情绪高涨的因素。
1.
What
did
scientists
from
German
universities
recently
discover?
A.
Working
out
is
a
highly
effective
way
to
treat
depression.
B.
The
runner’s
high
could
be
caused
by
endocannabinoids.
C.
Endorphins
may
contribute
to
one’s
high
spirits
after
running.
D.
The
level
of
endorphins
and
endocannabinoids
could
affect
one’s
mood.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段“According
to
a
recent
study
published
by
a
group
of
scientists
from
several
German
universities,
a
group
of
chemicals
called
endocannabinoids
may
actually
be
responsible
for
this
familiar
great
feeling.
”可知,
德国一些大学的科学家们最近发现了跑步者情绪高涨是由内源性大麻素引起的,
故选B。
2.
The
scientists
gave
mice
drugs
in
their
experiment
to
_______.
?
A.
find
what
reduces
the
runner’s
high
symptoms
B.
see
the
specific
symptoms
of
the
runner’s
high
C.
identify
what
is
responsible
for
the
runner’s
high
D.
test
what
influences
the
level
of
endocannabinoids
released
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据对第二段和第三段的整体理解,
并结合第四段“To
test
this
theory,
the
scientists
turned
to
mice.
”可推知,
科学家们在实验中给老鼠药物是为了确定究竟是哪种物质会引起跑步者的情绪高涨,
故选C。
3.
The
underlined
word
“notion”
in
Paragraph
7
has
the
closest
meaning
to
“_______”.
?
A.
effect
B.
goal
C.
question
D.
belief
【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据对全文内容的理解可知,
该词所在句子与第二段But
while
it’s
long
been
believed
that
endorphins—chemicals
in
the
body
that
cause
happiness—are
behind
the
so-called
“runner’s
high”,
a
study
suggested
that
there
may
be
more
to
this
phenomenon
than
we
previously
knew.
呼应,
并结合本句结构可推知,
此处notion与believed相呼应,
故选D。
4.
According
to
the
UK’s
National
Health
Service,
regular
workouts
_______.
?
A.
are
the
best
way
to
treat
depression
B.
can
help
ease
depression
symptoms
C.
only
work
for
those
with
serious
depression
D.
can
help
people
completely
recover
from
depression
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据倒数第三、四段和倒数第二段第二句“Regular
exercise
can
boost
your
mood
if
you
have
depression,
and
it’s
especially
useful
for
people
with
mild
to
moderate
depression.
”可知,
常规锻炼有利于情绪好转及缓解抑郁症状,
故选B。(共42张PPT)
九 Unit
3 Developing
ideas
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
Those
who
lied
and
_______(cheat)
would
never
get
away
with
it.
2.
After
several
months’
devotion,
__________(remark)
economic
results
have
been
achieved.
3.
Defoe
______(vivid)
narrated
the
adventures
of
Robinson
Crusoe
on
his
deser
t
island.
4.
Fast
as
you
do,
you
can’t
finish
the
__________(assign)
in
two
hours.
cheated
remarkable
vividly
assignment
5.
Never
corner
an
_________(oppose),
and
always
assist
him
to
save
his
face.
6.
In
the
end,
the
hardware
and
software
systems
are
designed,
and
the
software
is
____________(preliminary)
tested.
7.
Sometimes
a
few
words
of
comfort
to
the
one
who
has
just
failed
may
encourage
him
to
stand
up
and
even
try
to
make
a
comeback.
8.
They
____________(defeat)
in
their
attempt
to
reach
the
top
of
the
mountain.
?
9.
Korea’s
coaches
defend
the
action,
saying
they
help
develop
courage
and
_____
(steel)
nerves.
10.
With
time
flying,
there
is
a
tendency
towards
regional
___________(cooperate).
opponent
preliminarily
were
defeated
steely
cooperation
Ⅱ.
选词填空
go
wild,
ups
and
downs,
thanks
to,
fight
one’s
way,
dive
for,
less
than,
catch
up
with,
set
off
for,
burst
out,
pay
off
1.
It
is
________a
mile
to
the
beach.
?
2.
I
____________to
learn
English
well.
?
3.
We
are
bound
to
see
some
_____________along
the
road
to
recovery.
?
4.
If
you
want
to
catch
that
train,
you’d
better
_________the
station
immediately.
?
5.
We’ll
do
our
best
to
____________the
advanced
world
levels.
?
less
than
fight
my
way
ups
and
downs
set
off
for
catch
up
with
6.
The
thief
made
a
_______the
door,
but
the
desk
was
in
his
way.
?
7.
It
makes
Mary
_______to
hear
Michael
Jackson
sing.
?
8.
_________the
English
language,
we
can
learn
a
lot
from
other
countries.
?
9.
When
she
heard
about
the
news
that
her
father
had
died,
she
________crying.
?
10.
In
no
sense
should
you
lose
heart;
keep
trying
and
your
effort
will
______in
time.
?
dive
for
go
wild
Thanks
to
burst
out
pay
off
【主题阅读】
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
Thirteen
years
ago,
the
Planet
Earth
wildlife
documentary
took
us
all
on
an
amazing
journey.
We
went
from
deep
rainforests
to
the
bottom
of
the
ocean.
Now
a
new
one,
Our
Planet,
will
let
us
see
different
animals
and
the
influence
of
humans
on
the
natural
world.
The
documentary
covers
50
countries
and
areas.
It
took
more
than
four
years
to
produce
it.
With
the
latest
4K
video
technology,
the
show
allows
people
a
wonderful
new
look
at
nature.
“People
are
given
a
chance
to
better
get
themselves
into
the
lives
of
the
animals,
”
said
Fothergill,
one
of
the
show’s
producers.
Besides
showing
Earth’s
beauty,
the
documentary
also
talks
about
the
planet’s
climate
conditions.
“Our
Planet
is
here
to
say,
’The
planet
is
dying,
and
we’re
killing
it.
’”
Fothergill
said.
In
one
sad
scene,
hundreds
of
walruses(海象),
half-blind
when
out
of
the
water,
fall
down
a
rock
and
suffer
a
painful
death
on
the
beach
below.
It
shows
how
the
climate
conditions
have
influenced
their
natural
habitat
and
explains
why
they’ve
been
forced
to
find
the
safe
place
on
the
rocks.
But
the
documentary
is
not
all
about
sadness.
It
also
talks
about
success
stories,
such
as
the
ones
of
tigers.
These
animals
are
saved
and
live
happily
thanks
to
international
agreements
on
environmental
protection.
Asking
more
people
to
take
action
in
protecting
our
planet
is
the
final
goal
of
the
new
documentary.
What
we
do
in
the
next
20
years
will
decide
the
future
of
all
life
on
Earth.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了《我们的星球》这部纪录片的制作、内容和目标。
1.
What’s
the
documentary
Our
Planet
about?
A.
The
relationship
between
the
climate
conditions
human
activities.
B.
Different
animals
and
the
influence
of
humans
on
the
natural
world.
C.
The
living
conditions
of
walruses
and
tigers.
D.
The
beauty
and
customs
of
50
countries
and
areas.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“Now
a
new
one,
Our
Planet,
will
let
us
see
different
animals
and
the
influence
of
humans
on
the
natural
world.
”可知,
如今一部新的纪录片,
《我们的星球》,
会让我们看到不同的动物及人类对自然界产生的影响,
故选B项。
2.
What’s
the
purpose
of
the
last
paragraph?
A.
To
explain
what
our
goal
is
in
the
future.
B.
To
call
for
more
people
to
protect
our
planet.
C.
To
tell
us
how
the
climate
conditions
influence
animals.
D.
To
introduce
international
agreements
on
environmental
protection.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。最后一段提到“让更多人采取行动保护我们的星球是这部新纪录片的最终目标。我们在接下来的20年所做的事情将决定地球上所有生命的未来”,
由此可推知,
本段通过介绍纪录片的最终目标来呼吁更多人采取行动保护地球。故选B。
3.
What
can
we
infer
from
the
passage?
A.
It
took
a
lot
of
time
and
efforts
to
make
the
documentary.
B.
The
documentary
is
popular
in
many
countries
and
areas.
C.
We
should
have
a
new
look
at
the
environmental
protection.
D.
Our
goal
in
the
future
is
getting
along
well
with
animals.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句“The
documentary
covers
50
countries
and
areas.
It
took
more
than
four
years
to
produce
it.
(这部纪录片涉及50个国家和地区。花费超过四年的时间来制作)”可知,
制作这部纪录片花费了很多时间和努力。故选A。
4.
Where
is
the
text
probably
from?
A.
A
novel.
B.
A
dictionary.
C.
A
storybook.
D.
A
newspaper.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。通读全文,
并结合第一段中“Now
a
new
one,
Our
Planet,
will
let
us
see
different
animals
and
the
influence
of
humans
on
the
natural
world.
(如今另外一部纪录片,
《我们的星球》,
会让我们看到不同的动物及人类对自然界产生的影响)”可知,
本文主要介绍了一部关于动物和人类与自然关系的纪录片,
可能来自报纸。故选D。
Ⅱ.
阅读填句
根据短文内容,
从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Life
is
just
like
a
box.
Inside
it
are
happiness
and
sorrow,
failure
and
success,
hope
and
despair.
Life
is
a
learning
process.
Experiences
in
it
teach
us
new
lessons
and
make
us
a
better
person.
Love
Love
plays
a
key
role
in
our
life.
Love
makes
you
feel
wanted.
Without
love
a
person
could
become
cruel
and
violent.
In
the
early
stage
of
our
life,
our
parents
are
the
ones
who
show
us
with
unconditional
love
and
care.
They
tell
us
what
is
right
or
wrong,
good
or
bad.
1 .
It
is
only
after
marriage
and
having
kids
that
a
person
understands
and
becomes
sensitive
to
the
feelings
of
others.
Kids
make
a
person
responsible
and
mature
and
help
us
to
understand
life
better.
?
Happiness
and
Sorrow
Materialistic
happiness
is
short-lived,
but
happiness
achieved
by
bringing
a
smile
on
others
gives
a
certain
level
of
fulfillment.
2 .
No
mind
is
happy
without
peace.
We
realize
the
true
worth
of
happiness
when
we
are
in
sorrow.
Sorrow
is
basically
due
to
death
of
a
loved
one,
failure
and
despair.
But
these
things
are
temporary
and
pass
away.
?
Failure
and
Success
3 .
It
helps
us
to
touch
the
sky,
teaches
us
to
survive
and
shows
us
a
specific
way.
?
Hope
and
Despair
Hope
is
what
keeps
life
going.
Parents
always
hope
their
children
will
do
well.
Hope
makes
us
dream.
Hope
builds
in
patience.
4 ,
because
after
every
night
there
is
a
day.
Nothing
remains
the
same.
We
have
only
one
choice
—
keep
moving
on
in
life
and
be
hopeful.
?
Life
teaches
us
not
to
regret
over
yesterday,
for
it
has
passed
and
is
beyond
our
control.
Tomorrow
is
unknown,
for
it
could
either
be
bright
or
dull.
5 ,
so
that
we
will
enjoy
a
better
tomorrow.
?
A.
So
let’s
enjoy
every
day
B.
Failure
is
the
path
to
success
C.
Success
lies
in
trusting
yourself
D.
But
we
always
tend
to
take
this
for
granted
E.
Peace
of
mind
is
the
main
link
to
happiness
F.
So
the
only
alternative
is
working
hard
today
G.
Life
teaches
us
not
to
despair
even
in
the
darkest
hour
【文章大意】本文是说明文。介绍了生活就像一个盒子,
里面充满了爱、幸福悲伤、成功失败和希望失望。通过分别介绍这些话题,
告诉我们人生的哲理。
1.
【解析】选D。段中题。考查上下句的逻辑关系。设空处上文提到“父母给我们无条件的爱,
告诉我们对或错,
”选项D意思是“可我们总是把这一切想当然”,
与上句话形成逻辑上的转折关系。另外该选项与下句话“只有在结婚有了自己的孩子之后才明白他人的情感”相照应。故选D。
2.
【解析】选E。段中题。设空处后面提到“没有安宁,
思想就无法开心”。设空处需要引领后面的意群,
E项提到“思想的宁静是幸福的主要联系”是对这个意群的总结。而且,
选项中的peace就是信息词。故选E。
3.
【解析】选B。段首题。设空处位于该段开头,
属主旨大意类型的题目。该段的小标题是Failure
and
Success,
选项B的意思是“失败是成功之路”与此相互印证。另外,
设空处后面的It与选项B中的Failure指代一致,
故选B。
4.
【解析】选G。段中题。该段主要讲生活中要充满希望。设空处上文已经提到了这个论点。设空处后面的because是个信息词。而且because原因状语从句中的night和选项G中的darkest指代一致。后面的hopeful和G项中的not
to
despair意义一致。故选G。
5.
【解析】选F。段中题。设空处位于文章最后一段,
是对全文的一个总结。设空处前面提到“生活教给我们忘记昨天,
明天是明亮还是黑暗还未可知”,
F项“唯一的选择是今天努力工作”与此有逻辑上的承接关系。设空处后面的so
that也是对此的一个补充说明。故选F。
Ⅲ.
语法填空
Wasting
food
has
become
a
big
problem
in
the
developed
world.
While
some
people
there
throw
away
unwanted
food,
people
in
other
1.
_________(part)
of
the
world
face
food
shortages.
It’s
an
2.
_________(astonish)
fact
that
a
third
of
the
world’s
food
is
wasted
each
year,
which
is
enough
3.
_________(feed)
a
billion
hungry
people.
Most
of
the
wasted
food
4.
_________
(bury)
in
the
landfill
sites.
5.
_________(lucky),
this
causes
greenhouse
gases
which
eventually
lead
to
global
warming
and
climate
change.
In
Denmark,
a
woman
called
Selina
Juul
has
been
working
hard
to
deal
with
6.
_________
problem.
She
thinks
people
shouldn’t
waste
food,
7.
_________
rich
they
are.
She
persuaded
some
supermarkets
to
stop
selling
their
goods
8.
_________(tie)
together
so
that
people
bought
only
what
they
needed.
Also,
she
produced
a
leftovers
cookbook
and
set
up
an
education
program
in
schools,
9.
_________
food
waste
was
rather
common.
Now
the
effects
are
quite
noticeable.
Clearly,
we
need
to
think
twice
when
we
put
something
in
our
shopping
basket,
and
we
should
make
the
most
of
the
food
we
have—use
up
our
leftovers
or
even
share
our
extra
food
10.
_________
our
friends
and
neighbors.
?
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了浪费食物已经成为发达国家的一个大问题。在丹麦,
一个名为Selina
Juul的妇女一直在努力解决这个问题。
1.
【解析】parts。考查名词复数。part为可数名词,
此处表示“世界其他地区”应用复数。故填parts。
2.
【解析】astonishing。考查形容词。修饰后文名词fact应用-ing结尾形容词astonishing,
作定语,
表示“令人惊讶的”。故填astonishing。
3.
【解析】to
feed。考查非谓语动词。句意:
令人震惊的是,
每年世界上三分之一的食物被浪费,
这些食物足够养活10亿饥饿的人。结合句意表示“足够做某事”短语为be
enough
to
do
sth.
。故填to
feed。
4.
【解析】is
buried。考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。主语food与bury之间是被动关系,
且陈述客观事实应用一般现在时,
主语为Most
of
the
wasted
food,
可知“most
of
the
+单数名词”,
谓语动词要用单数形式。故填is
buried。
5.
【解析】Unluckily。考查副词。修饰后文整个句子应用副词unluckily,
作状语,
表示“不幸的是”。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Unluckily。
6.
【解析】the。考查冠词。此处特指上文中提到的食物浪费的问题,
故problem前要用定冠词the。故填the。
7.
【解析】however。考查连接词。句意:
她认为无论他们多么富有,
都不应该浪费食物。此处为让步状语从句,
表示“无论多么”应用however引导。故填however。
8.
【解析】tied。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知tie在句中应用非谓语动词形式,
与逻辑主语goods构成被动关系,
故应用过去分词作定语。故填tied。
9.
【解析】where。考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词schools,
且先行词在从句中作地点状语,
故应用关系副词where。故填where。
10.
【解析】with。考查介词。句意:
显然,
当我们把东西放进购物篮时,
我们需要三思而后行,
我们应该充分利用我们所拥有的食物——吃光我们的剩菜,
甚至与我们的朋友和邻居分享我们多余的食物。结合句意表示“与……分享”短语为share
sth.
with
sb.
。故填with。
Ⅰ.
阅读填句
Words
have
the
power
to
build
us
up
or
tear
us
down.
It
doesn’t
matter
if
the
words
come
from
ourselves
or
someone
else.
The
positive
and
negative
effects
are
just
as
lasting.
We
all
talk
to
ourselves
sometimes.
1
In
fact,
we
really
shouldn’t
be
because
more
and
more
experts
believe
talking
to
ourselves
out
loud
is
a
healthy
habit.
This
“self-talk”
helps
us
motivate
ourselves,
remember
things,
solve
problems,
and
calm
ourselves
down.
Be
aware,
though,
that
as
much
as
77%
of
self-talk
tends
to
be
negative.
2 .
?
Often,
words
come
out
of
our
mouths
without
us
thinking
about
the
effect
they
will
have.
3
For
example,
when
returning
an
item
to
a
store,
we
might
use
warm,
friendly
language
during
the
exchange.
And
the
clerk
will
probably
respond
in
a
similar
manner.
However,
critical
language
may
cause
anger
and
defense.
?
Words
possess
power
because
of
their
lasting
effect.
Many
of
us
regret
something
we
once
said.
We
remember
unkind
words
said
to
us
as
well.
Before
speaking,
we
should
always
ask
ourselves:
4
If
what
we
want
to
say
doesn’t
pass
this
test,
then
it’s
better
left
unsaid.
?
5
Those
around
us
receive
encouragement
when
we
speak
positively.
We
can
offer
hope,
build
self-esteem
and
motivate
others
to
do
their
best.
Negative
words
destroy
all
those
things.
?
Will
we
use
our
words
to
hurt
or
to
heal?
The
choice
is
ours.
A.
Is
it
loving?
B.
How
should
say
it?
C.
We’re
usually
too
embarrassed
to
admit
it,
though.
D.
Generally
people
like
positive
and
pleasant
words.
E.
Words
possess
power:
both
positive
and
negative.
F.
So
we
should
only
speak
encouraging
words
to
ourselves.
G.
But
we
should
be
aware
that
our
words
cause
certain
responses
in
others.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了语言的力量。积极的语言可以激励我们,
消极的语言会摧毁我们。
1.
【解析】选C。前文We
all
talk
to
ourselves
sometimes.
与C.
We’re
usually
too
embarrassed
to
admit
it,
though.
承接自然,
选项中的it指代前面的内容,
即“我们所有人都会时不时自言自语”,
故选C。
2.
【解析】选F。前文Be
aware,
though,
that
as
much
as
77%
of
self-talk
tends
to
be
negative.
与F.
So
we
should
only
speak
encouraging
words
to
ourselves.
承接自然,
前后句构成明显的因果关系,
negative和encouraging是关键词,
故选F。
3.
【解析】选G。根据空格前面“我们说出的话没有思考过它带来的影响”和后文For
example,
when
returning
an
item
to
a
store,
we
might
use
warm,
friendly
language
during
the
exchange.
And
the
clerk
will
probably
respond
in
a
similar
manner.
与G.
But
we
should
be
aware
that
our
words
cause
certain
responses
in
others.
承接自然,
前后是两种对比的情况,
且构成明显的转折关系,
friendly和critical是关键词,
故选G。
4.
【解析】选A。前文Before
speaking,
we
should
always
ask
ourselves.
与A.
Is
it
loving?
承接自然,
前文提出“问自己”,
下文给出问题,
故选A。
5.
【解析】选E。后文Those
around
us
receive
encouragement
when
we
speak
positively.
We
can
offer
hope,
build
self-esteem
and
motivate
others
to
do
their
best.
与E.
Words
possess
power:
both
positive
and
negative.
承接自然,
后部分分别陈述积极话语和消极话语的两种情况,
故选E。
Ⅱ.
阅读理解
With
the
COVID-19
virus
sweeping
the
globe,
the
science
on
quitting
smoking
offers
welcome
news
for
smokers
who
want
to
build
up
their
defenses
in
case
they
contract
the
virus.
Though
it
may
still
take
many
months
for
a
smoker’s
lungs
to
heal
from
damage
caused
by
long-term
smoking,
your
health
can
noticeably
improve
in
the
days
and
weeks
after
quitting
in
ways
that
could
make
a
difference
against
the
virus.
COVID-19
creates
an
added
sense
of
urgency,
and
there’s
enough
reason
to
believe
that
quitting
smoking
during
the
pandemic(流行病)could
increase
your
opportunities
of
fighting
off
the
virus.
If
you
make
the
decision
to
quit,
the
cilia(纤毛)in
your
lungs
are
one
of
the
first
parts
of
your
body
to
heal.
These
hair-like
projections
wave
back
and
forth
like
a
brush
as
air
moves
in
and
out
of
your
lungs.
They
help
your
body
fight
off
colds
and
infection.
They
also
help
clear
mucus(黏液),
so
if
they’re
not
functioning
as
well
as
they
should,
mucus
can
build
up
in
the
lungs.
Your
body’s
tendency
to
cough
during
an
infection
helps
inspire
the
bodily
process
of
clearing
out
mucus.
That’s
vital
in
fighting
the
COVID-19
condition.
The
elderly
are
at
a
greater
risk
for
too
much
lung
fluid
that
often
limits
breathing
following
coronavirus
infection
because
they
don’t
have
a
strong
enough
cough
to
clear
it
up.
A
second
short-term
gain
from
quitting
smoking
comes
from
reducing
ongoing
inflammation(炎症)in
your
body,
which
can
make
you
infect
COVID-19
more
easily.
Having
your
lungs
in
as
good
of
shape
as
you
can
in
case
of
a
corona
virus
infection
is
key.
Besides
lung-related
issues,
quitting
smoking
can
also
deliver
healthy
benefits
to
the
heart
that
could
help
prevent
possible
heart
attacks,
which
are
another
cause
of
death
in
COVID-19
cases.
After
you
quit
smoking,
your
blood
becomes
thinner
and
less
possible
to
setting.
Heart
attacks
are
less
likely.
One
reason
this
happens
is
because
smoking
makes
it
harder
for
the
heart
to
distribute
blood
throughout
the
body.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了,
戒烟有助于改善肺部功能以抵御新冠病毒的侵袭。
1.
What
is
the
use
of
the
lung
cilia?
A.
Cleaning
up
the
lungs.
B.
Killing
the
COVID-19
virus.
C.
Predicting
lung
infections.
D.
Reducing
breathing
difficulty.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。由第二段中的“These
hair-like
projections
wave
back
and
forth
like
a
brush
as
air
moves
in
and
out
of
your
lungs.
They
help
your
body
fight
off
colds
and
infection.
They
also
help
clear
mucus,
so
if
they’re
not
functioning
as
well
as
they
should,
mucus
can
build
up
in
the
lungs.
”,
可知肺部纤毛的作用是清洁肺部。故选A。
2.
Why
are
the
old
at
higher
risk
to
the
corona
virus?
A.
They
cannot
go
out
during
the
pandemic.
B.
There
is
too
much
mucus
in
their
lungs.
C.
Most
of
them
are
heavy
smokers
for
years.
D.
They
are
lacking
in
the
care
of
their
children.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。由第二段中的“The
elderly
are
at
a
greater
risk
for
too
much
lung
fluid
that
often
limits
breathing
following
coronavirus
infection
because
they
don’t
have
a
strong
enough
cough
to
clear
it
up.
”可知老年人肺部积水更多,
导致他们感染病毒的风险更大。故选B。
3.
What
good
does
quitting
smoking
do
to
heart?
A.
Strengthen
the
heart
muscle.
B.
Turn
blood
to
be
much
thicker.
C.
Make
the
blood
flow
smoother.
D.
Speed
the
heartbeat
up
apparently.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。由最后一段中的“After
you
quit
smoking,
your
blood
becomes
thinner
and
less
possible
to
setting.
Heart
attacks
are
less
likely.
One
reason
this
happens
is
because
smoking
makes
it
harder
for
the
heart
to
distribute
blood
throughout
the
body.
”可知戒烟会使血液流动更加顺畅。故选C。
4.
What
is
the
text
mainly
about?
A.
Quitting
smoking
can
help
defend
the
COVID-19.
B.
Ways
to
make
a
difference
against
corona
viruses.
C.
The
COVID-19
virus
is
threatening
humans
worldwide.
D.
Protecting
the
smokers’
lungs
to
heal
from
damage.
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。本文论述戒烟有助于抵御新冠病毒的侵袭。故选A。(共36张PPT)
八 Unit
3 Using
language
【语用训练】
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
Jones
got
the
idea
after
he
talked
with
an
elderly
lady
who
___________(cheat)
of
her
money.
?
2.
He
has
displayed
__________
(remark)
courage
in
his
efforts
to
fight
disease.
3.
The
author
intends
to
__________
(summary)
the
previous
paragraphs
at
the
end
of
the
passage.
4.
For
many
students,
Wilson’s
help
is
necessary
for
them
to
be
able
to
________
(completely)
their
college
education.
was
cheated
remarkable
summarize
complete
5.
The
firm
has
better
products
than
its
many
___________(compete).
6.
Water
is
a
_________(precious)
scarce
resource
for
all
living
things
in
the
desert.
7.
He
__________(overlook)
all
sorts
of
warning
signals
about
his
own
health.
8.
We
had
______(bare)
sat
down
to
supper
when
the
phone
rang.
9.
She
is
the
most
remarkable
woman
he
______________(encounter).
?
10.
Who
is
eligible
to
apply
for
___________(member)
of
the
association?
competitors
preciously
overlooked
barely
has
encountered
membership
Ⅱ.
完成句子
1.
__________________will
help
you
to
improve
your
reading
ability.
?
读书可以帮你提高阅读能力。
2.
___________________________________is
also
significant
to
pass
on
Chinese
history
and
culture.
?
庆祝中国传统节日对于传承中国历史和文化也意义重大。
3.
It
is
a
waste
of
time
___________—he
is
determined
to
go
his
own
way.
?
警告他等于浪费时间,
——他决心要照自己的意思去做。
4.
There
is
no
_______________________.
?
对这种事情不能开玩笑。
Reading
some
books
Celebrating
Chinese
traditional
festivals
warning
him
joking
about
such
matters
5.
Does
__________mean
anything
to
him?
?
你的话对他有什么意义吗?
6.
It
is
a
custom
that
we
celebrate
our
__________________________.
?
我们每年都要庆祝结婚纪念日,
这是一个风俗。
7.
Let
it
go,
and
after
all,
it
is
no
good
___________________.
?
算了吧,
毕竟,
覆水难收。
8.
I
miss
my
childhood
from
time
to
time,
when
it
was
fun
___________________.
?
我时常怀念我的童年,
那时和孩子们玩耍很有趣。
your
saying
wedding
anniversary
annually
crying
over
spilt
milk
playing
with
children
9.
Some
addicted
smokers
should
say
that
________
is
good
for
health.
一些烟鬼竟然说吸烟有益健康。
10.
There
is
no
_____________________later
on,
so
we
had
better
stay
where
we
are
now.
?
因为不知道接下来会发生什么,
所以现在我们最好待在原地。
smoking
telling
what
will
happen
【主题阅读】
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
Are
the
Olympic
Games
outdated?
That
might
seem
like
a
strange
question
to
ask.
But
it’s
exactly
what
the
International
Olympic
Committee
(IOC)
is
doing.
At
the
2012
London
Olympics,
IOC
President
Thomas
Bach
noticed
something.
“You
could
see
that
the
younger
generation
had
no
interest
in
the
Games
anymore.
They
were
not
there.
”
In
response,
the
IOC
wants
to
make
the
Summer
Olympics
more
youthful.
But
that
isn’t
as
simple
as
just
adding
more
sports.
The
Olympic
program
can’t
continue
to
grow
bigger:
it
would
become
too
much
for
host
cities
to
handle.
For
now,
permanently
adding
new
sports
to
the
Olympics
is
out
of
the
question.
The
IOC’s
solution
is
to
continue
to
vote
on
the
new
program’s
line-up
and
give
host
cities
the
opinion
to
add
extra
sports.
The
extra
events
would
be
included
in
that
year’s
Olympics
only.
This
policy
takes
effect
at
the
2020
Olympics
in
Tokyo.
Skateboarding,
sport
climbing,
surfing
and
3x3
baseball
are
all
making
their
Olympic
debuts(首次露面)there.
Adding
new
sports,
though,
has
sparked
a
lot
of
debate.
Some
sports
have
been
pushing
to
be
included
in
the
Olympics
for
years
but
still
haven’t
made
it.
Meanwhile,
newer
sports
like
skateboarding
or
surfing
are
already
getting
the
opportunity.
People
are
also
wondering
what
makes
up
an
Olympic
sport.
Paris,
the
future
host
of
the
2024
Summer
Olympics,
has
expressed
interest
in
adding
break-dancing.
Some
people
would
like
to
see
e-sports
at
the
Olympics.
E-sports
are
especially
important
to
consider
because
they
are
spreading
like
wildfire.
President
Bach
stated
video
games
with
killing
are
not
acceptable.
One
of
the
main
principles
of
the
Olympics
is
to
encourage
peace.
At
the
moment,
the
future
of
e-sports
is
still
uncertain.
What
about
the
Winter
Olympics?
Not
to
worry,
the
IOC
has
already
announced
seven
new
events
for
the
2022
Winter
Olympics
in
Beijing.
But
the
Winter
Olympics
situation
is
a
little
different.
The
Winter
Olympics
have
less
than
half
the
sports
of
the
Summer
Olympics,
so
they
have
room
to
grow.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。本文讲了国际奥委会主席Thomas
Bach在2012年伦敦奥运会后注意到了年轻人不再有兴趣观看比赛的问题,
从而采取措施增加新的比赛项目。
1.
Why
does
the
IOC
want
to
make
the
Summer
Olympics
more
youthful?
A.
Because
the
Olympic
Games
are
outdated.
B.
Because
there
is
too
much
for
host
cities
to
handle.
C.
Because
the
spirit
of
the
Olympics
has
got
lost
over
time.
D.
Because
the
IOC
wants
to
get
the
younger
generation
interested.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段中“You
could
see
that
the
younger
generation
had
no
interest
in
the
Games
anymore.
They
were
not
there.
”可知,
国际奥委会想让夏季奥运会更年轻,
因为国际奥委会想让年轻一代对此感兴趣。故选D。
2.
Which
event
may
first
appear
in
the
2020
Olympics
in
Tokyo?
A.
Baseball.
B.
Surfing.
C.
Speed
skating.
D.
Break-dancing.
【解析】选B。
细节理解题。根据第三段中This
policy
takes
effect
at
the
2020
Olympics
in
Tokyo.
Skateboarding,
sport
climbing,
surfing
and
3x3
baseball
are
all
making
their
Olympic
debuts
there.
可知,
冲浪会在东京奥运会上首次出现。故选B。
3.
What
is
President
Bach’s
attitude
to
adding
e-sports
to
the
Olympic
Games?
A.
Cautious.
B.
Supportive.
C.
Curious.
D.
Indifferent.
【解析】选A。
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中President
Bach
stated
video
games
with
killing
are
not
acceptable.
One
of
the
main
principles
of
the
Olympics
is
to
encourage
peace.
At
the
moment,
the
future
of
e-sports
is
still
uncertain.
可推知,
Bach主席对将电子竞技引入奥运会持谨慎态度。故选A。
4.
It
can
be
inferred
from
the
text
that
_______.
?
A.
every
country
has
the
chance
to
add
extra
sports
B.
newly-added
sports
will
be
in
the
Olympics
forever
C.
newer
sports
are
more
competitive
than
some
traditional
sports
D.
there
is
greater
possibility
of
adding
more
sports
to
the
Winter
Olympics
【解析】选D。
推理判断题。根据最后一段中The
Winter
Olympics
have
less
than
half
the
sports
of
the
Summer
Olympics,
so
they
have
room
to
grow.
可知冬奥会拥有的体育项目还不到夏季奥运会的一半,
因此还有增长的空间。由此可推知,
冬季奥运会增加更多体育项目的可能性更大。故选D。
【方法技巧】态度、观点及感受类推理判断题。高考阅读理解题中有些题目考查考生对文章作者的思想、人物性格倾向等方面的理解。对于判断情感态度类题目,
考生需要分析段落大意、作者的思路,
理解了文章的段落大意、中心思想后,
才能判断出作者的情感态度。学会辨别清楚文章的体裁。如第3小题,
根据倒数第二段中President
Bach
stated
video
games
with
killing
are
not
acceptable.
One
of
the
main
principles
of
the
Olympics
is
to
encourage
peace.
At
the
moment,
the
future
of
e-sports
is
still
uncertain.
可知Bach主席表示,
带有杀戮的电子游戏是不可接受的。奥运会的主要原则之一是鼓励和平。目前,
电子竞技的未来仍然不确定。由此可推知,
Bach主席对将电子竞技引入奥运会持谨慎态度。故选A。
Ⅱ.
完形填空
It
is
5
am
and
it’s
too
dark
to
see
the
fields
of
volcanic
rock
and
trees
on
either
side
of
the
highway.
But
over
the
lights
of
my
car,
I
get
a
taste
of
the
1
I’m
really
here
for,
as
a
few
stars
pierce
(渗透)
the
inky
2
sky.
?
Today
our
relationship
to
the
universe
is
largely
connected
by
3 ,
such
as
telescopes
and
NASA
assignments
.
But
for
thousands
of
years,
humans
could
4
look
up
on
a
clear
night
to
be
amazed
at
the
bright
spots
that
stretched
(延伸)
directly
over
them.
?
But
over
time,
we’ve
5
ourselves
from
our
sky,
building
a
covering
of
artificial
light
between
ourselves
and
the
dark
depth
of
space.
Our
6 ,
neon
signs
(霓虹灯),
and
other
electric
lights
are
increasingly
flooding
the
night
sky
and
covering
the
stars.
Therefore,
about
one
third
of
the
world’s
population
cannot
see
the
Milky
Way
from
where
they
live.
And
some
can’t
even
recognize
it.
The
sense
of
wonder
for
the
night
sky
7 ,
and
that
means
something
vital
to
humanity
is
lost
as
well.
?
That’s
why
I’ve
dragged
myself
out
of
bed
hours
before
8 .
Like
99
percent
of
Americans,
I
live
with
light
pollution
and
I’ve
never
seen
a
truly
night
sky.
So
I’m
here
to
9
my
first
glance.
?
As
I
10
out
of
the
car,
I
nervously
raise
my
face
up
towards
the
sky,
worrying
whether
I
can
make
it.
There
it
is,
11
across
the
sky
as
far
as
I
can
see.
The
Milky
Way
is
so
vivid
that
my
eyes
don’t
even
have
to
12
the
dark
to
see
it.
?
I
expect
to
feel
the
13
of
the
sky,
perhaps
as
though
I’m
falling
into
a
bottomless
hole.
Instead,
the
blanket
of
stars
above
me
is
so
thick
that
it
is
hard
to
14 .
In
black
and
white,
the
whole
scene
feels
surreal.
?
As
I
get
back
in
the
car,
I
pass
a
15
that
says
“Never
Stop
Looking
Up.
”?
【文章大意】曾经,
繁星成就了夜空,
但随着城市发展和科技进步,
夜空更亮了,
繁星都不见了——本文作者就是在这样的背景下,
到户外来寻找那一片繁星。
1.
A.
view B.
issue C.
event D.
cause
【解析】选A。作者来这是来寻找繁星的美景的,
所以选A
view。
2.
A.
clear
B.
black
C.
blue
D.
dirty
【解析】选B。通过前面的“inky(漆黑的)”以及整句几颗星星穿透可知应该是黑色的(black)天空。故选B。
3.
A.
emotion
B.
survey
C.
imagination
D.
technology
【解析】选D。从后面的“telescopes
and
NASA
assignments”可知是通过科技将人类和宇宙联系起来,
故选D。
4.
A.
completely
B.
hardly
C.
simply
D.
rarely
【解析】选C。词句存在对比,
根据句意可知,
几千年以来,
我们仅仅(simply)抬个头就能惊讶于眼前闪亮的星星布满他们头顶的星空。故选C。
5.
A.
excused
B.
distanced
C.
freed
D.
defended
【解析】选B。从整句话的理解可知,
我们是使自己远离了(distanced)星空,
在人类和星空之间建造了一层人造灯光。故选B。
6.
A.
shops
B.
decorations
C.
streetlights
D.
buildings
【解析】选C。从霓虹灯(neon
signs),
和其他的电光源(other
electric
lights)可以推断出本空所填词为electric
lights中的一种,
即streetlights。故选C。
7.
A.
increases
B.
disappears
C.
struggles
D.
pours
【解析】选B。从后半句也消失了(is
lost
as
well),
可知前面说的是对于夜空的惊奇感消失(disappear)了。故选B。
8.
A.
sunrise
B.
dark
C.
sunset
D.
dusk
【解析】选A。看星星肯定是在黑夜里看,
所以这里肯定是在日出(sunrise)之前。故选A。
9.
A.
turn
out
B.
search
for
C.
apply
for
D.
figure
out
【解析】选B。作者来是寻找(search
for)繁星的。故选B。
10.
A
.
step
B.
look
C.
wonder
D.
think
【解析】选A。从后面作者抬头看向夜空,
可以得知作者从车子里出来(step)。故选A。
11.
A.
putting
B.
walking
C.
cutting
D.
stretching
【解析】选D。从“as
far
as
I
can
see”可以得知此处是延伸开来(stretching)。故选D。
12.
A.
adjust
to
B.
turn
to
C.
depend
on
D.
throw
away
【解析】选A。根据整句,
整个银河系是如此的生动以至于我的双眼不需要适应(adjust
to)黑暗就能看到。故选A。
13.
A.
length
B.
width
C.
depth
D.
strength
【解析】选C。从后面的一个无底的深洞(a
bottomless
hole)可以得知作者是想感受这个星空到底有多深邃(depth)。故选C。
14.
A.
test
B.
weigh
C.
catch
D.
measure
【解析】选D。头顶的星星像一张毯子一样,
如此厚重以至于很难测量(measure)。故选D。
15.
A.
note
B.
sign
C.
letter
D.
signal
【解析】选B。根据句意,
当我回到车上的时候,
我经过了一个标牌(sign),
上面写着“永远不要停止向上看”。
故选B。
【补偿训练】
Though
leaders
from
the
International
Olympic
Committee
(IOC)
have
announced
a
first-of-its-kind
postponement
of
the
Tokyo
Summer
Olympics
because
of
the
2019-nCoV,
people
all
over
the
world
are
still
concerned
about
its
preparations.
Officials
from
the
Tokyo
Olympic
Committee
say
they
are
sparing
no
effort
and
announce
the
Tokyo
Summer
Olympics
in
2021
is
going
green.
The
5,
000
medals
Japan
has
made
are
more
special
than
most.
One
novel
focus
of
the
Tokyo
Olympics
is
to
be
“sustainable”—to
avoid
using
too
many
natural
resources,
so
that
the
games
are
easy
on
the
environment.
As
part
of
this
goal,
the
organizers
decided
to
make
all
of
the
Olympic
medals
out
of
metal
recycled
from
old
electronics.
Almost
all
electronics
are
made
with
small
amounts
of
“precious
metals”,
like
gold
and
silver.
But
collecting
enough
of
these
metals
to
make
5,
000
medals
was
a
huge
challenge.
That’s
because
the
amount
of
metal
in
each
device
is
tiny.
It
would
take
about
20,
000
cell
phones
to
get
just
1
kilogram
of
gold.
Beginning
in
April
2017,
the
organizers
placed
collection
boxes
around
the
country,
and
asked
people
to
turn
in
their
old
electronic
devices.
Soon
people
began
to
respond
to
the
initiative
(倡导),
turning
in
smart
phones,
digital
cameras,
handheld
games,
and
laptops.
At
first,
collection
went
slowly,
but
soon
more
and
more
areas
began
to
take
part.
By
the
end,
1,
621
local
governments
had
helped
out
with
the
collection
process.
Then
came
the
job
of
breaking
those
devices
down
into
smaller
pieces.
After
being
taken
apart
and
sorted,
the
small
electronics
were
smelted
(熔炼)
to
get
all
the
gold,
silver,
and
bronze
elements.
This
is
a
tricky
job,
which
calls
for
careful
attention
and
good
skill.
It’s
also
dangerous,
because
some
of
the
metals
and
other
things
aren’t
safe
for
people
to
touch
or
breathe.
By
the
end
of
March,
2019,
the
organizers
had
hit
their
targets
of
getting
enough
metal
for
the
medals.
They
had
collected
around
32
kilograms
of
gold,
4,
100
kilograms
of
silver
and
2,
200
kilograms
of
bronze.
And
now
all
the
5,
000
medals
are
available
for
the
would-be
winners.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了日本回收电子垃圾制作成东京夏季奥运会的奖牌,
贯彻落实资源“可持续发展”的目标。
1.
What
can
we
know
about
the
Tokyo
Olympics
medals?
A.
They
are
hugely
valuable.
B.
They
are
of
high
quality.
C.
They
are
made
from
e-waste.
D.
They
are
designed
uniquely.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段中As
part
of
this
goal,
the
organizers
decided
to
make
all
of
the
Olympic
medals
out
of
metal
recycled
from
old
electronics.
为了实现这一目标,
组织者决定用回收旧电子产品的金属来制作所有的奥运奖牌。可知,
东京奥运会的奖牌是由电子垃圾制成的。故选C。
2.
What
does
Paragraph
4
mainly
tell
us?
A.
The
difficulty
of
making
the
medals.
B.
The
initiative
to
recycle
used
smart
phones.
C.
The
classification
of
the
collected
devices.
D.
The
process
of
collecting
old
electronics.
【解析】选D。主旨大意题。根据第四段中Beginning
in
April
2017,
the
organizers
placed
collection
boxes
around
the
country,
and
asked
people
to
turn
in
their
old
electronic
devices.
及At
first,
collection
went
slowly,
but
soon
more
and
more
areas
began
to
take
part.
By
the
end,
1,
621
local
governments
had
helped
out
with
the
collection
process.
可知第四段主要告诉我们收集旧电子产品的过程。故选D。
3.
The
underlined
word
“tricky”
in
Paragraph
5
means
“_______”.
?
A.
creative
B.
demanding
C.
well-paid
D.
time-consuming
【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据第五段中画线词所在句This
is
a
tricky
job,
which
calls
for
careful
attention
and
good
skill.
可知这项工作要求很高或者很棘手,
因此猜测画线词tricky意为“要求高的,
棘手的”。故选B。
4.
What’s
the
purpose
of
Tokyo’s
way
of
making
the
medals?
A.
To
advocate
sustainable
use
of
resources.
B.
To
promote
the
spirit
of
Olympic
Games.
C.
To
introduce
a
new
technique
to
make
medals.
D.
To
call
people’s
attention
to
environmental
damage.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第二段中One
novel
focus
of
the
Tokyo
Olympics
is
to
be
“sustainable”—to
avoid
using
too
many
natural
resources,
so
that
the
games
are
easy
on
the
environment.
可知,
东京制造奖牌的目的是提倡资源的可持续利用。故选A。
