(共50张PPT)
十五 Unit
5 Developing
ideas
【语用训练】
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
The
increase
slowed
to
0.
4
percent,
possibly
_________(indicate)
the
start
of
a
downtrend.
2.
She
gets
involved
with
a
team
to
create
something
________(amaze).
3.
The
report
should
serve
as
a
________(warn)
to
other
potential
buyers.
4.
Some
plants
pump
out
smelly
_________(chemical)
to
keep
insects
away.
5.
Of
the
six
people
_______(injure)
in
the
crash,
only
two
survived.
indicating
amazing
warning
chemicals
injured
6.
More
___________(surprise),
the
workers
seem
remarkably
cheery
about
the
ever
longer
hours.
7.
Exposure
to
ultraviolet
light
is
closely
linked
__skin
cancer.
8.
During
the
race
Mr
Taylor
talks
to
the
driver
_____(use)
a
headset.
9.
In
the
west,
people
make
it
a
rule
to
send
Christmas
presents
__their
relatives
and
friends.
10.
Some
claim
that
setting
off
firecrackers
is
a
good
practice
of
celebrating
the
Spring
Festival.
But
______put
forth
opposite
views
on
the
problem.
surprisingly
to
using
to
others
Ⅱ.
完成句子
1.
_________________(随着时间的流逝),
I
gradually
adapted
myself
to
the
school
life.
?
2.
____________________(众所周知)
areas
of
children’s
brains
can
grow
when
they
learn
music
or
a
language.
?
3.
Would
you
like
to
________________________(与……分享你的经验)
the
rest
of
the
group?
?
4.
The
basic
design
of
the
car
_______________(非常类似)
that
of
earlier
models.
?
With
time
going
by
It
has
been
known
that
share
your
experience
with
is
very
similar
to
5.
_______________________(虽然我很乐意帮忙),
I
do
not
have
much
time
available.
?
6.
A
sense
of
humor
is
_____________________we
relax
and
recreate
ourselves.
?
幽默感是我们放松和娱乐的途径之一。
7.
Some
people
are
so
terribly
insincere
that
you
can
never
_____________________
_____.
?
有些人非常虚伪,
你根本说不准他们是否在讲实话。
8.
The
novel
is
about
a
family
who
can’t
__________________________.
?
这部小说讲的是一个不能相互交流的家庭。
While
I
am
willing
to
help
one
of
the
ways
in
which
tell
if
they
are
telling
the
truth
communicate
with
each
other
9.
_____________what
I
said
is
untrue,
but
I
did
not
knowingly
lie
to
you.
?
看来我之前说的是错的,
但是我并非故意向你撒谎。
10.
We
should
put
aside
our
differences
and
discuss
the
things
__________
________.
?
我们应当抛开分歧,
讨论一下我们的共同点。
It
appears
that
we
have
in
common
【主题阅读】
阅读理解
A
Some
caterpillars’
warning
signals
(信号)
may
have
evolved
(进化)
from
walking.
A
team,
writing
in
the
journal
Nature
Communications,
reported
that
the
hair-
like
structures
the
living
things
use
to
make
sounds
evolved
from
legs.
The
team
studied
caterpillars
which
use
these
structures
to
communicate
their
ownership
of
leaves.
This
means
the
caterpillars
are
able
to
“tell”
strangers
to
go
away
without
risking
injury
in
fighting.
“These
are
really
interesting
caterpillars,
”
said
Dr.
Jayne
Yack
from
Carleton
University
in
Ottawa,
Canada,
who
led
the
research.
“They
make
signals
using
hair-like
structures
which
are
on
their
back
ends.
”
The
caterpillars
drag
these
structures
across
the
leaf
to
make
scraping
(刺耳的)
sounds
when
strangers
enter
the
area
of
their
leaves.
“When
they
make
this
signal,
the
strangers
leave,
”
explained
Dr.
Yack.
“It’s
like
saying
’I’m
here,
get
out
of
here
—
I
already
own
this
leaf’.
”
The
scientists
looked
at
other
species
(物种)
within
the
same
group
of
caterpillars
and
created
their
“family
tree”.
They
used
chemical
markers
(标记物)
to
work
out
the
relationship
between
the
animals,
showing
which
in
the
group
were
the
more
ancient
species
and
which
species
evolved
more
recently.
“Those
more
ancient
species
actually
don’t
have
these
sound-producing
structures.
They
have
legs
that
they
use
to
walk
towards
strangers,
”
said
Dr.
Yack.
These
more
ancient
species,
she
explained,
walk
towards
strangers
and
try
to
fight
against
them.
“They
can
kill
each
other
in
the
fighting,
”
Dr.
Yack
added.
She
said
that
the
evolution
of
the
scraping”
show
had
allowed
the
caterpillars
to
solve
their
fighting
without
injury.
“So
our
idea
is
that
these
signals
actually
avoid
harm
to
both
sides
—
they
solve
fighting
in
a
more
’friendly’
way.
The
study
also
provides
a
map
of
an
evolutionary
process
that
many
other
biologists
are
researching.
【文章大意】本文是科普类说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究,
研究表明一些毛毛虫的警告信号是从步行进化而来的。
1.
What
can
we
learn
about
caterpillars’
warning
structures
from
the
text?
A.
They
have
the
same
use
as
hair.
B.
They
are
found
in
caterpillars’
heads.
C.
They
are
used
to
fight
against
strangers.
D.
They
may
have
evolved
from
caterpillars’
legs.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段的A
team,
writing
in
the
journal
Nature
Communications,
reported
that
the
hair-like
structures
the
living
things
use
to
make
sounds
evolved
from
legs.
(在《自然通讯》杂志上发表文章的一个研究小组报告说,
这些生物用来制造声音的毛发状结构是从腿上进化而来的)可知,
它们可能是由毛毛虫的腿进化而来的。故选D。
2.
According
to
the
text,
Dr.
Yack’s
team
did
NOT
_______.
?
A.
draw
a
family
tree
of
caterpillars
B.
create
a
map
to
show
how
caterpillars
evolve
C.
study
species
within
the
same
group
of
caterpillars
D.
make
clear
the
relationship
between
different
species
of
caterpillars
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段的The
study
also
provides
a
map
of
an
evolutionary
process
that
many
other
biologists
are
researching.
(这项研究还提供了一个许多其他生物学家正在研究的进化过程的地图)可知,
Yack博士的团队没有创建一张地图来展示毛毛虫是如何进化的。故选B。
3.
What
does
the
underlined
word
“They”
in
the
fifth
paragraph
refer
to?
A.
The
ancient
species.
B.
The
chemical
markers.
C.
The
sound-producing
structures.
D.
The
more
recently
evolved
species.
【解析】选A。代词指代题。根据上文Those
more
ancient
species
actually
don’t
have
these
sound-producing
structures.
(那些更古老的物种实际上没有这些产生声音的结构),
可知,
画线部分的意思是:
它们有用来走向陌生人的腿,
因此推断They指代“那些古老的物种”。故选A。
4.
What
is
the
main
idea
of
the
text?
A.
How
caterpillars
evolved.
B.
How
caterpillars
warn
strangers.
C.
Communication
between
caterpillars.
D.
Caterpillars’
warning
signals
evolved
from
walking.
【解析】选D。主旨大意题。根据文章第一段的Some
caterpillars’
warning
signals
may
have
evolved
from
walking.
(一些毛毛虫的警告信号可能是从行走中进化出来的)以及下文对这个结论的研究的介绍可知,
文章主要讲述的是毛毛虫的警告信号是从步行进化而来的。故选D。
B
(2021·杭州高二检测)
The
human
body
is
designed
to
move.
But
modern
lifestyles
and
office
jobs
rarely
give
us
the
chance
to
move
around.
As
we
know,
we’re
sitting
while
we’re
eating;
we
sit
in
the
car
and
we
sit
while
we
watch
TV.
And
many
of
us
sit
for
many
hours
at
work.
New
research
shows
that
sitting
less
than
three
hours
a
day
might
extend
your
life
by
two
years.
Peter
Katzmarzyk,
a
scientist
at
the
University
of
Louisiana
in
the
southern
United
States,
says
that
sitting
is
ubiquitous
in
our
lives,
meaning
it
is
something
we
do
all
the
time,
everywhere.
However,
Mr
Katzmarzyk
says
that
does
not
mean
you
can
sit
for
the
rest
of
your
waking
hours.
He
also
says
you
may
exercise
often,
“We
can’t
throw
away
physical
activity.
It’s
extremely
important.
We
have
60
years
of
research
showing
us
that.
”
Mr
Katzmarzyk
and
his
colleagues
are
part
of
a
new
generation
of
researchers
studying
how
sitting
all
day
affects
length
of
life.
“Studies
that
have
assessed
the
relationship
between
sitting
and
mortality
(死亡率)
or
television
viewing
and
mortality
are
very
rare.
There’s
only
been
a
few
of
them,
actually
five
or
six
now,
in
the
last
four
or
five
years.
”
They
found
that
cutting
television
time
to
less
than
two
hours
a
day
could
add
one
point
four
years
to
life.
Luckily,
change
is
already
coming
to
some
offices,
especially
in
the
design
of
desks.
A
“standing
desk”
lets
people
stand
while
they
work.
Another
new
design
is
called
the
“treadmill
desk”.
A
treadmill
is
an
exercise
machine
that
lets
you
walk
in
one
place.
Even
some
U.
S.
schools
are
beginning
to
experiment
with
desks
that
are
part
bicycle
to
keep
children
moving.
That’s
one
of
the
strategies
that
many
companies
are
using
now.
Mr
Katzmarzyk
also
says
studying
this
problem
has
inspired
his
team
to
make
a
few
changes
in
their
own
lives.
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了现在的人们坐着的时间普遍较长,
Mr
Katzmarzyk和他的团队的研究坐一整天对人们生活的影响,
人们因此也在探索在工作和学习中如何改变久坐的方式。
5.
The
underlined
word
“ubiquitous”
is
closest
in
meaning
to
_______.
?
A.
dangerous
B.
impressive
C.
comfortable
D.
common
【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据文中“.
.
.
meaning
it
is
something
we
do
all
the
time,
everywhere.
”可知我们几乎每时每刻都在坐着,
因此该词的意思是“通常的
”,
所以选D。
6.
Which
view
agrees
with
the
opinion
of
Mr
Katzmarzyk?
A.
Sitting
long
may
help
people
live
longer.
B.
Exercise
is
important
and
don’t
sit
too
long.
C.
People
are
unaware
of
the
harm
of
sitting
too
long.
D.
Stopping
watching
TV
is
a
necessary
but
hard
task.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He
also
says
you
may
exercise
often,
’We
can’t
throw
away
physical
activity.
It’s
extremely
important.
’”可知选项B的内容:
锻炼是重要的,
不要久坐,
与之相符。故选B。
7.
What
does
Mr
Katzmarzyk
think
of
his
study
in
Paragraph
4?
A.
It’s
been
ignored
by
many
scientists.
B.
It’s
a
study
that
begins
too
late.
C.
It’s
an
entirely
new
area
of
study.
D.
It’s
been
a
hot
subject
for
scientists.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第四段中“There’s
only
been
a
few
of
them,
actually
five
or
six
now,
in
the
last
four
or
five
years.
”,
可知关于这一方面的研究还不多,
只是近四五年来才开始研究,
它被许多科学家忽视了,
选A。
8.
Why
are
the
desks
of
all
kinds
designed
for
those
who
sit
more?
A.
To
give
them
more
comfort.
B.
To
improve
their
work
efficiency.
C.
To
offer
them
the
chance
to
exercise.
D.
To
seek
pleasure
while
working.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第五段可知各种办公桌是专门为了那些一天到晚都坐着工作的人而设计的,
是为他们提供锻炼的机会,
选C。
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
(2020·潮州高二检测)
If
you
find
yourself
hitting
the
snooze
button(闹钟延时按钮)
every
morning,
don’t
blame
yourself.
Your
work
schedule
could
be
to
blame.
Research
now
shows
that,
for
many
of
us,
our
work
schedules
don’t
go
with
our
natural
body
clocks—and
experts
are
urging
employers
to
take
notice.
Sleep
is
a
“strategic
resource”
that
most
companies
are
ignoring.
When
work
schedules
are
aligned
with
people’s
natural
sleep
patterns,
they
produce
higher
quality
and
more
innovative
work
because
they
are
more
focused,
less
stressed
and
generally
healthier.
The
opposite
is
also
true—when
employees
are
not
getting
enough
sleep
they
are
more
likely
to
make
major
mistakes
and
suffer
from
workplace
injuries.
But
it’s
not
just
about
the
amount
of
sleep
you
get.
It’s
important
that
people
recognize
every
living
thing,
from
primitive
bacteria
to
human
beings,
has
a
biologically
determined
internal
body
clock.
This
determines
whether
you
are
a
night
owl(夜猫子),
an
early
bird
or
somewhere
in
the
middle.
We
don’t
have
any
choice.
“It’s
like
feet,
”
said
Till
Roenneberg,
a
professor
of
chronobiology(生物钟学).
“Some
people
are
born
with
big
feet
and
some
with
small
feet,
but
most
people
are
somewhere
in
the
middle.
”
Many
companies
start
the
workday
at
8
a.
m.
or
9
a.
m.
,
putting
their
work
schedules
in
disagreement
with
their
employees’
body
clock.
This
mismatch,
along
with
the
pressure
to
be
productive
and
be
available
to
respond
to
email
or
take
calls
at
all
hours
of
the
day
and
night,
means
that
many
people
suffer
from
what
is
called
“social
jet
lag”
.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,
早晨人们总是无法起床,
这是因为你的生物钟和工作时间不一致,
当二者一致的时候有利于工作生活,
不一致的时候就会带来很多问题。
1.
The
underlined
word
“aligned”
in
Paragraph
2
means
“_______”.
?
A.
matched
B.
cooperated
C.
conflicted
D.
shortened
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据本句后半句叙述可知,
人们生产质量更高也更有创新性,
更加专注,
压力更少,
也更健康了。只有工作安排和自然的睡眠模式一致的时候才会产生积极的影响,
故“aligned”意为“相配”,
故A项正确。
2.
What
does
Till
Roenneberg’s
remark
mean?
A.
The
amount
of
sleep
you
get
counts
much.
B.
An
early
bird
does
better
than
a
night
owl.
C.
We
are
born
to
have
a
body
clock.
D.
Most
people
have
neither
too
big
nor
too
small
feet.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句“It’s
like
feet,
”
said
Till
Roenneberg,
a
professor
of
chronobiology.
“Some
people
are
born
with
big
feet
and
some
with
small
feet,
but
most
people
are
somewhere
in
the
middle.
”可知这位生物钟学教授认为人的生物钟和人的脚一样,
都是生来就拥有的。故C项正确。
3.
If
people
suffer
from
“social
jet
lag”,
they
will
_______.
?
A.
not
be
as
clever
as
other
people
B.
fail
to
finish
their
daily
tasks
C.
fail
to
adjust
their
body
clock
D.
act
as
if
they
were
in
the
wrong
time
zone
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一句可知当工作时间与人们的生物钟不一致的时候,
人们的工作就会出现很多错误,
这就是所谓的“社会时差”,
好像人们处于错误的时区之内。故D项正确。
4.
What
is
the
best
title
for
the
passage?
A.
Body
clock
and
good
work
habits
B.
Late
for
work?
Maybe
not
your
fault
C.
How
to
improve
your
work
efficiency
D.
Urgent
need
to
change
your
body
clock
【解析】选B。标题归纳题。文章是一篇说明文,
早晨人们总是无法起床,
这是因为你的生物钟和工作时间不一致,
文章详细叙述了这一问题。根据第一段“If
you
find
yourself
hitting
the
snooze
button
every
morning,
don’t
blame
yourself.
Your
work
schedule
could
be
to
blame.
”可知,
B项可以作为标题,
而且问句可以引起读者的注意。文章并没有提到习惯和改变生物钟的内容,
工作效率并非主要内容,
故B项正确。
Ⅱ.
阅读填句
根据短文内容,
从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,
选项中有两项为多余选项。
Weather
influences
health,
intelligence
and
feelings.
1 ?
In
August,
it
is
very
hot
and
wet
in
the
southern
part
of
the
United
States.
2
In
the
northeast
and
the
middle
west,
it
is
very
hot
at
some
times
and
very
cold
at
other
times.
People
in
these
states
have
more
heart
trouble
after
the
weather
changes
in
February
or
March.
?
3
For
example,
in
a
recent
report
by
scientists,
IQ
of
a
group
of
students
was
high
when
a
very
strong
wind
came,
but
after
the
strong
wind,
their
IQ
was
10%
lower.
The
wind
can
help
people
have
higher
intelligence.
Very
hot
weather,
on
the
other
hand,
can
make
it
lower.
Students
in
many
schools
of
the
United
States
often
get
worse
on
exams
in
the
hot
months
of
the
year.
?
Weather
also
has
a
strong
influence
on
people’s
feelings.
Winter
may
be
a
bad
time
for
thin
people.
They
usually
feel
cold
during
these
months.
They
might
feel
?
unhappy
during
cold
weather.
4
Generally
speaking,
at
about
18℃,
people
become
stronger
and
better.
Low
air
temperature
may
make
people
forgetful.
People
leave
more
bags
on
buses
and
in
shops
in
cold
days.
5
Sometimes,
it
may
be
the
weather’s
problem.
?
A.
The
weather
can
also
influence
intelligence.
B.
Warm
weather
can
have
a
bad
effect
on
health.
C.
So,
different
weather
makes
people
feel
different.
D.
But
fat
people
may
have
a
hard
time
in
hot
summer.
E.
Are
you
feeling
sad,
tired,
forgetful,
or
unhappy
today?
F.
People
may
have
higher
intelligence
when
low
air
pressure
comes.
G.
People
there
have
heart
trouble
and
other
kinds
of
health
problems
during
this
month.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。天气能够对人们的感受产生影响。不同的天气,
人们的感觉也不同。文章指出天气可以对人的健康、智力、心情等产生影响。
1.
【解析】选C。根据上文Weather
influences
health,
intelligence
and
feelings.
可
知天气影响健康、智力和感情。由此可知,
上文提到天气会影响人们的感情,
所
以不同的天气,
人们的感觉也不同。故C选项“所以,
不同的天气让人们感觉不
同”符合语境,
故选C。
2.
【解析】选G。根据上下文可知,
8月,
美国南部非常炎热潮湿。在东北和中
西部,
天气有时很热,
有时很冷。这些州的人们在二月或三月天气变化后会更容
易得心脏病。由此可知,
后文提到了不同地区气候不同,
人们心脏病发作和健康
问题产生的情况也不同,
那么本句承接上文说明八月南部炎热潮湿的气候,
会
导致那里的人们在这个月里产生心脏病和其他健康问题。上文中In
August对应
到G选项中this
month。故G选项“在这个月里,
那里的人们有心脏病和其他健康
问题”符合语境,
故选G。
3.
【解析】选A。本句为本段中心句,
根据后文可知在科学家最近的一份报告
中,
一组学生的智商在强风来袭时很高,
但强风过后,
他们的智商降低了10%。
风可以帮助人们拥有更高的智力。另一方面,
非常炎热的天气会使智力降低。
美国许多学校的学生在一年中最热的月份,
考试成绩往往更差。由此可知,
本段
主要说明了天气对智力也会有影响。故A选项“天气也会影响智力”符合语境,
故
选A。
4.
【解析】选D。根据上文可知天气对人们的情感也有很大的影响。冬天对瘦
的人来说可能不是好时候。在这几个月里,
他们通常感到寒冷。他们可能会在
寒冷的天气中感到不开心。由此可知,
上文提到了瘦的人不喜欢冬天,
那么本句
应当是说明胖的人不喜欢的天气。故D选项“但在炎热的夏天,
胖子可能会很难
受”符合语境,
故选D。
5.
【解析】选E。根据后文Sometimes,
it
may
be
the
weather’s
problem.
可知,
本
句位于最后一段,
有总结上文的作用,
上文提到了天气会对人们的情感产生影响,
所以如果你今天感到悲伤、疲惫、健忘或不开心,
可能是天气的问题。故E选
项“你今天感到悲伤、疲惫、健忘或不开心吗?
”符合语境,
故选E。(共38张PPT)
十四 Unit
5 Using
language
【语用训练】
Ⅰ.
用动词(短语)的适当形式填空
1.
We
___________(paint)
the
house
before
we
______(move)
in.
?
2.
That
rich
old
man
_________(make)
a
will
before
he
____(die).
?
3.
They
__________(study)
the
map
of
the
country
before
they
___(leave).
?
4.
The
robbers
____________(run
away)
before
the
policemen
_______(arrive).
?
5.
I
_____________(turn
off)
all
the
lights
before
I
_____(go)
to
bed.
?
6.
Paul
_____(go)
out
with
Jane
after
he
_________(make)
a
phone
call.
?
had
painted
moved
had
made
died
had
studied
left
had
run
away
arrived
had
turned
off
went
went
had
made
7.
Tom
____(say)
he
________(read)
the
book
twice.
?
8.
Our
plan
_____(fail)
because
we
_________(make)
a
bad
mistake.
?
9.
When
the
chairman
____________(finish)
speaking,
he
___(leave)the
hall.
?
10.
The
Reads
__________________(have)
lunch
when
I
___(get)
to
their
house.
?
said
had
read
failed
had
made
(had)
finished
left
were
having/had
had
got
Ⅱ.
完成句子
1.
We
__________________________________by
the
end
of
last
term.
?
到上学期末,
我们已经学了大约4
000个英语单词。
2.
I
waited
until
he
_________________________.
?
我一直等到他做完他的作业。
3.
We
were
surprised
at
_______________________.
?
我们对她已经做的事感到惊讶。
4.
She
didn’t
go
to
Qingdao
because
she
___________________.
?
她没有去青岛,
因为她以前去过那里。
had
learned
about
4,
000
English
words
(had)
finished
his
homework
what
she
had
already
done
had
been
there
before
5.
He
said
he
____________________________________.
?
他说他已经把书给了老师。
had
already
given
the
book
to
the
teacher
【主题阅读】
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
(2021·郑州高二检测)
A
team
of
researchers
led
by
engineers
from
Penn
State
University
has
created
the
first
material
that
heals
itself
in
the
presence
of
water,
according
to
a
study
published
in
Scientific
Reports.
The
material,
inspired
by
squid
(鱿鱼)teeth,
could
be
used
to
repair
instruments
in
water-filled
environments
that
are
difficult
to
access,
such
as
the
human
body,
or
the
bottom
of
the
sea.
The
researchers
had
been
studying
squids’
ring
teeth,
which
are
uniquely
strong
and
can
change
state
from
liquid
to
solid
in
the
presence
of
water.
After
testing
ring
teeth
samples
from
several
species
of
squid
found
all
over
the
world,
the
researchers
uncovered
the
genetic
code
for
the
proteins
(蛋白质)that
allow
the
teeth
to
heal
themselves
when
broken.
They
then
changed
the
genetic
structure
of
bacteria
to
produce
the
proteins
so
they
could
conduct
more
tests.
The
researchers
then
made
the
proteins
into
a
rubbery
plastic
by
mixing
them
with
a
solvent
(溶
剂)and
letting
the
solvent
change
into
a
gas.
The
resulting
material
combines
a
soft,
shapeless
part
of
the
protein
that
gives
the
plastic
its
self-
healing
characteristics
and
a
more
structured
sheet
of
amino
acids(氨基酸)that
give
it
a
solid
structure.
To
test
the
material’s
strength,
the
researchers
cut
it,
and
then
put
the
two
pieces
back
together
with
a
drop
of
water.
They
found
that
the
material
healed
best
at
113
degrees
Fahrenheit,
a
little
warmer
than
the
temperature
of
the
human
body,
and
with
slight
pressure
from
a
metal
tool.
The
material
was
just
as
strong,
and
able
to
hold
the
same
amount
of
weight,
before
and
after
it
was
cut.
Material
that
heals
itself
in
the
presence
of
water
could
expand
the
usability
of
biomedical
implants
(移植).
Of
course,
this
material
is
nowhere
near
ready
for
that
application,
and
the
researchers
didn’t
test
whether
the
constant
presence
of
water
degrades
(降低)the
plastic’s
ability
to
heal
itself.
The
researchers
next
plan
to
study
how
their
technology
could
help
heal
wounds.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了科学家从鱿鱼的可以自愈的牙齿中得到启发,
发明了一种可以自愈的材料,
并且对这个材料进行了一系列研究。
1.
According
to
Paragraph
3,
the
rubbery
plastic
becomes
self-healing
in
combination
with_______.
?
A.
amino
acids
B.
another
kind
of
rubber
C.
a
mixture
of
gases
D.
some
protein
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章第三段可知,
这种材料结合了蛋白质中柔软的、不成形的部分,
使塑料具有自我修复的特性,
更有结构的氨基酸片也使其具有固体结构。故橡胶塑料是结合了蛋白质中柔软的、不成形的部分才变得具有自我修复的特性。故选D。
2.
In
Paragraph
4,
the
researchers
carried
out
a
test
to
check
whether
the
material_______.
?
A.
was
fit
for
human
body
B.
would
melt
at
high
temperatures
C.
could
be
connected
with
the
metal
D.
would
recover
its
original
strength
after
healing
itself
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章第四段可知,
为了测试该材料的强度,
研究人员将其切开,
然后将两块加一滴水放回去。可知测试的是有关强度方面的信息。故选D。
3.
What
is
the
author’s
attitude
towards
the
self-healing
material?
A.
Positive.
B.
Objective.
C.
Doubtful.
D.
Critical.
【解析】选B。观点态度题。根据文章最后一段可知,
这种材料还远远不能满足该应用的需要,
研究人员也没有测试水的持续存在是否会降低塑料的自愈能力。作者在前文陈述了自愈材料的优点,
在最后一段也指出了缺点,
可见作者是持一个客观的态度来看待的。故选B。
4.
What
is
the
main
idea
of
the
text?
A.
A
kind
of
self-healing
teeth
was
made
from
squids’
ring
teeth.
B.
The
genetic
code
of
squids’
special
teeth
has
been
uncovered.
C.
Super-strong
material
inspired
by
squid
teeth
is
self-healing.
D.
A
special
rubbery
plastic
is
used
to
replace
squids’
teeth.
【解析】选C。主旨大意题。阅读全文可知,
文章讲述了科学家从鱿鱼的可以自愈的牙齿中得到启发,
发明了一种可以自愈的材料,
并且对这个材料进行了一系列研究。故选C。
Ⅱ.
完形填空
(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
Molai
grew
up
in
a
tiny
village
in
India.
The
village
lay
near
some
wetlands
which
became
his
second
1 .
He
learned
the
value
and
beauty
of
2
there
from
a
very
young
age.
?
When
he
was
16,
Molai
began
to
notice
something
3
happening
around
his
home.
A
flood
had
hit
the
area
earlier
that
year
and
the
4
it
caused
had
driven
?away
a
number
of
birds.
5 ,
the
number
of
snakes
had
declined
as
well.
He
6
that
it
was
because
there
weren’t
enough
trees
to
protect
them
from
the
7 .
The
solution,
of
course,
was
to
plant
trees
so
the
animals
could
seek
8
during
the
daytime.
He
turned
to
the
9
department
for
help
but
was
told
that
nothing
would
grow
there.
However,
Molai
went
looking
on
his
own
and
10
a
nearby
island
where
he
began
to
plant
trees.
11
young
plants
in
the
dry
season
was
12
for
a
lone
boy.
Molai
built
at
the
13
of
each
sapling(幼树)a
bamboo
platform,
where
he
placed
earthen
pots
with
small
holes
to
14
rainwater.
The
water
would
then
drip(滴落)on
the
plants
below.
?
Molai
15
to
plant
trees
for
the
next
37
years.
His
efforts
have
resulted
in
1,
360
acres
of
naturally-grown
land
that
has
become
home
to
many
plants
and
animals.
?
【文章大意】文章讲述了一个印度男孩几十年如一日在所在的村庄周边的荒岛上植树造林,
最后把荒岛变成了多种动植物生长的家园。
1.
A.
dream B.
job C.
home D.
choice
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据第一句可知小村庄是他的家,
那么后文提到的wetlands就是他的第二个家了。
2.
A.
nature
B.
youth
C.
culture
D.
knowledge
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据下文内容他植树造林保护动植物,
可推知他深知自然的价值和美丽。
3.
A.
precious
B.
interesting
C.
disturbing
D.
awkward
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据下一句“洪水侵袭了这一地区,
迫使很多鸟类
离开,
蛇的数量也在减少”可知不好的事情发生了。disturbing令人不安的,
符合
语境。故选C。
4.
A.
waste
B.
tension
C.
pain
D.
damage
【解析】选D。固定搭配题。分析句子结构可知it
caused为定语从句,
结合句意
可知洪水带来的损害是使鸟类离开此地,
cause
damage
造成损害,
为习惯搭配。
5.
A.
Besides
B.
However
C.
Therefore
D.
Otherwise
【解析】选A。词义辨析题。由前一句“鸟类飞走了”和本句“蛇的数量减少了”
可知两句都是洪水的危害。however和otherwise表示转折关系,
therefore表示因
果关系,
besides表示递进关系,
故besides符合语境。
6.
A.
agreed
B.
realized
C.
remembered
D.
predicted
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。结合宾语从句的内容可知这是他分析后得出的结
论,
故为realize(意识到)。
7.
A.
noise
B.
heat
C.
disease
D.
dust
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。结合本句中的weren’t
enough
trees和下一句中的
during
the
daytime可推知树木用来遮阴,
保护这些动物免受太阳照射的热量,
故
为heat。
8.
A.
directions
B.
partners
C.
help
D.
shelter
【解析】选D。背景常识题。根据常识可知树木在炽热的阳光下可以为动物提
供遮蔽。故选D。
9.
A.
labor
B.
police
C.
forest
D.
finance
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据上下文可知要解决问题就得种树,
他自然会
向林业相关部门寻求帮助。故选C。
10.
A.
rebuilt
B.
discovered
C.
left
D.
managed
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。根据空后的内容a
nearby
island可知他找到一个小
岛,
用discover。
11.
A.
Decorating
B.
Observing
C.
Watering
D.
Guarding
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。结合下文的内容可知本段讲的是树木的灌溉问题,
故用water(浇水),
符合语境。
12.
A.
tough
B.
illegal
C.
fantastic
D.
beneficial
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。结合句意“在干旱季节给树苗浇水对于一个男孩
来说是很……”和下文他所做的努力可知应该是很“困难的”。tough困难的。
13.
A.
back
B.
top
C.
foot
D.
side
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。结合下一句中的on
the
plants
below可推知在树的
上方他建了一个小装置,
故选B。
14.
A.
cool
down
B.
keep
off
C.
purify
D.
collect
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。结合下一句雨水会从上方的装置中滴下去给树浇
水可知这种装置是为了收集雨水,
故选D。
15.
A.
returned
B.
learned
C.
failed
D.
continued
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。根据时间状语for
the
next
37
years可知他继续做这样的事情很长时间了,
故选D。
【难句剖析】
Molai
built
at
the
top
of
each
sapling
a
bamboo
platform,
where
he
placed
earthen
pots
with
small
holes
to
collect
rainwater.
分析:
本句是一个带有where引导的定语从句的复合句。在主句中介词短语at
the
top
of
each
sapling放到了宾语a
bamboo
platform之前。
翻译:
Molai在每一棵小树的顶部建了一个竹子平台,
他把带小洞的砂锅放在上面收集雨水。
Ⅲ.
语法填空
Learning
any
language
needs
practice—lots
of
practice!
It
is
of
great
1.
________
(significant)
to
practice
English
on
a
daily
basis,
2.
________
will
help
you
make
it
a
habit
to
study
English.
?
Listen
to
and
read
English
every
day.
There
3.
________
(be)
a
number
of
beginner-level
listening
and
reading
materials
that
you
can
use.
Books
4.
________
(write)
for
children
are
also
a
great
idea.
?
Open
your
mouth
and
speak
even
if
you
only
speak
to
5.
________
(you).
Speak
out
loud.
Try
to
quickly
summarize
6.
________
you
have
heard
or
read.
Of
course,
it’s
better
if
you
can
do
this
7.
________
a
friend.
Find
a
friend
and
talk
in
English
together
a
few
times
a
week.
?
Take
thirty
minutes
every
day
8.
________
at
least
four
times
a
week
9.
________
(practise)
your
English!
If
you
continue
to
do
this,
you
10.
________
(find)
how
amazingly
your
English
improves!
?
【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了提高英语水平的方法,
包括练习材料的选择,
练习的方法,
以及坚持练习才能够有效提高英语水平。
1.
【解析】significance。考查名词。句意:
每天练习英语是很重要的,
这将帮助
你养成学习英语的习惯。分析可知,
空前great为形容词,
所填空应是名词。“be
of
great+抽象名词”相当于“be(+very)+adj.
”,
意为“非常……的”。故填
significance。
2.
【解析】which。考查非限制性定语从句。句意:
每天练习英语是很重要的,
这将帮助你养成学习英语的习惯。分析可知,
“_______
will
help
you
make
it
a
habit
to
study
English”为之前主句的非限制性定语从句,
主句为先行词,
在从句
中作主语,
应用关系代词which引导,
意为“这”。故填which。?
3.
【解析】are。考查时态和主谓一致。句意:
有许多你可以使用的初学者水平
的听力和阅读材料。分析可知,
所填空句式为“there
be”句式中的be,
采用就近原
则,
结合文中时态为一般现在时,
主语“a
number
of
beginner-level
listening
and
reading
materials
that
you
can
use(许多你可以使用的初学者水平的听力和阅读
材料)”为复数概念,
因此be动词应是are。故填are。
4.
【解析】written。考查非谓语动词。句意:
为孩子们写的书也是一个不错的
主意。分析可知,
句中已存在谓语“are”,
因此“_________
for
children”应是之前
名词“Books”的后置定语,
与其之间为被动关系,
应用过去分词形式。故填
written。?
5.
【解析】yourself。考查反身代词。句意:
即使你只对自己说,
也要开口说
话。分析可知,
所填空应是宾语,
根据提供词“you”可知,
与主语you(你)相同,
因
此应用反身代词。故填yourself。
6.
【解析】what。考查宾语从句。句意:
尽量快速总结你所听到或读到的内
容。分析可知,
“_______you
have
heard
or
read”应是宾语从句,
从句中谓语“have
heard
or
read”缺少宾语,
指物,
应用连接代词what。故填what。?
7.
【解析】with。考查介词。句意:
当然,
如果你能和朋友一起这样做会更好。
分析可知,
空后为名词,
所填空应是介词起到连接的作用,
从而使句意完整,
“
介词+a
friend”在句中担当伴随状语。根据后文“Find
a
friend
and
talk
in
English
together
a
few
times
a
week.
(找一个朋友,
每周一起用英语交谈几次。)”可知,
这
里应是强调与朋友一起练习英语。故填with。
8.
【解析】or。考查连词。句意:
每天花三十分钟或至少一星期四次来练习你
的英语!
分析可知,
空前“every
day”与空后“at
least
four
times
a
week”为并列选
择关系,
应用表达选择逻辑的并列连词or。故填or。
9.
【解析】to
practise。考查动词不定式。句意:
每天花三十分钟或至少一星期
四次来练习你的英语!
take
time
to
do
sth.
,
固定结构,
意为“花费时间做某事”。
故填to
practise。
10.
【解析】will
find。考查时态。句意:
如果你继续这样做,
你会发现你的英语有多么惊人的提高!
分析可知,
“If
you
continue
to
do
this”应是条件状语从句,
遵循“主将从现”原则,
主句为一般将来时。故填will
find。(共59张PPT)
十三 Unit
5 Starting
out
&
Understanding
ideas
【语用训练】
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
As
well
as
__________(generate)
electricity,
the
Three
Gorges
Dam
is
intended
to
reduce
the
potential
floods.
2.
Some
samples
of
the
strain
in
China
and
Vietnam
show
its
continuing
________
(evolve).
3.
Some
of
the
________(evident)
they
produced
was
highly
suspect.
4.
Many
local
people
will
profit
_______the
development
of
tourism.
generating
evolution
evidence
by/from
5.
He
was
greatly
________when
he
heard
the
old
soldier’s
________story.
(inspire)
6.
Zhang
Yimou’s
film,
Under
the
Hawthorn
Tree,
described
the
innocent
love
between
a
teacher,
Jing
Qiu,
and
a
________(geology),
Lao
San.
7.
(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)Our
tour
also
includes
a
chance
_______(walk)
in
the
footsteps
of
Van
Gogh
and
Gauguin.
?
8.
He
was
not
brave
enough
________(report)
the
loss
of
the
documents.
?
9.
__________(suspect)
he
had
a
serious
medical
condition,
I
persuaded
him
into
seeing
a
doctor.
10.
Later
on
that
day,
I
saw
that
there
was
a
difference
_______us.
inspired
inspiring
geologist
to
walk
to
report
Suspecting
between
Ⅱ.
选词填空
be
similar
to,
be
home
to,
what’s
more,
lead
to,
a
variety
of,
be
crowded
with,
come
to
exist,
adapt
to,
be
regarded
as,
in
particular
1.
No
one
knows
when
such
a
custom
first
___________.
?
2.
No
wonder
that
it
____________one
of
the
five
best-known
mountains
in
China.
?
3.
It
is
always
____________customers
at
meal
times.
Some
people
even
have
to
wait
outside.
?
4.
Their
house
___________ours,
but
ours
is
bigger.
?
came
to
exist
is
regarded
as
crowded
with
is
similar
to
5.
Attracting
senior
citizens,
Florida
_________the
largest
population
of
elder
Americans.
?
6.
Parents
should
pay
attention
to
the
cases
where
their
children
have
difficulty
__________new
surroundings.
?
7.
Why
should
he
notice
her
car
___________?
?
8.
There
are
many
theme
parks
and
they
are
famous
for
__________themes
in
the
world.
?
9.
Progress
must
______a
better
life
and
a
better
way
of
doing
things.
?
is
home
to
adapting
to
in
particular
a
variety
of
lead
to
10.
____________,
the
seats
at
the
back
of
the
cinema
should
be
placed
higher
than
the
ones
at
the
front.
?
What’s
more
Ⅲ.
完成句子
1.
____________________________________________________we
saw
Lily
in
the
passenger
seat.
?
只有当汽车停在我们房子前面时,
我们才看到莉莉坐在副驾驶座上。
2.
________________a
mistake
had
been
made.
?
很明显,
犯了一个错误。
It
was
only
when
the
car
pulled
up
in
front
of
our
house
that
It
was
evident
that
3.
Tsinghua
University,
China’s
highest-ranked
university,
rose
from
16th
place
last
year
to
15th,
___________________________.
?
中国排名最高的大学清华大学从去年的第16名升至第15名,
将耶鲁大学(Yale
University)甩在了后面。
4.
Meanwhile,
both
countries
are
awakening
to
the
problem
_________________
________________.
?
与此同时,
两国都开始意识到气候变化将造成破坏这个问题。
leaving
Yale
University
behind
that
climate
change
will
cause
damage
5.
People
in
our
country
think
_____________not
to
help
but
to
kick
people
when
they
are
in
trouble
in
other
countries.
?
我们国家的人们认为别人在其他国家遇上困难时不去帮忙而是落井下石是丢脸
的事。
it
is
a
disgrace
【主题阅读】
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
A
(2021·武汉高二检测)
When
a
leafy
plant
is
under
attack,
it
doesn’t
sit
quietly.
Back
in
1983,
two
scientists,
Jack
Schultz
and
Ian
Baldwin,
reported
that
young
maple
trees
getting
bitten
by
insects
send
out
a
particular
smell
that
neighboring
plants
can
get.
These
chemicals
come
from
the
injured
parts
of
the
plant
and
seem
to
be
an
alarm.
What
the
plants
pump
through
the
air
is
a
mixture
of
chemicals
known
as
volatile
organic
compounds,
VOCs
for
short.
Scientists
have
found
that
all
kinds
of
plants
give
out
VOCs
when
being
attacked.
It’s
a
plant’s
way
of
crying
out.
But
is
anyone
listening?
Apparently.
Because
we
can
watch
the
neighbours
react.
Some
plants
pump
out
smelly
chemicals
to
keep
insects
away.
But
others
do
double
duty.
They
pump
out
perfumes
designed
to
attract
different
insects
who
are
natural
enemies
to
the
attackers.
Once
they
arrive,
the
tables
are
turned.
The
attacker
who
was
lunching
now
becomes
lunch.
?
In
study
after
study,
it
appears
that
these
chemical
conversations
help
the
neighbors.
The
damage
is
usually
more
serious
on
the
first
plant,
but
the
neighbors,
relatively
speaking,
stay
safer
because
they
heard
the
alarm
and
knew
what
to
do.
Does
this
mean
that
plants
talk
to
each
other?
Scientists
don’t
know.
Maybe
the
first
plant
just
made
a
cry
of
pain
or
was
sending
a
message
to
its
own
branches,
and
so,
in
effect,
was
talking
to
itself.
Perhaps
the
neighbors
just
happened
to
“overhear”
the
cry.
So
information
was
exchanged,
but
it
wasn’t
a
true,
intentional
back
and
forth.
Charles
Darwin,
over
150
years
ago,
imagined
a
world
far
busier,
noisier
and
more
intimate(亲密的)
than
the
world
we
can
see
and
hear.
Our
senses
are
weak.
There’s
a
whole
lot
going
on.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现,
当多叶植物受到攻击时,
它们不会坐以待毙,
会发出挥发性有机化合物,
以此来保护自己或者与周围的植物通过化学物质进行交流。
1.
What
does
a
plant
do
when
it
is
under
attack?
A.
It
makes
noises.
B.
It
gets
help
from
other
plants.
C.
It
stands
quietly.
D.
It
sends
out
certain
chemicals.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句可知,
当植物受到伤害时,
会分泌一种特殊的化学物质。故选D。
2.
What
does
the
author
mean
by
“the
tables
are
turned”
in
paragraph
3?
A.
The
attackers
get
attacked.
B.
The
insects
gather
under
the
table.
C.
The
plants
get
ready
to
fight
back.
D.
The
perfumes
attract
natural
enemies.
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据“Once
they
arrive,
the
tables
are
turned.
The
attacker
who
was
lunching
now
becomes
lunch”,
一旦它们到达这里,
然后这些原本在进食的攻击者就会成为它们的午餐,
根据语境,
故选A。
3.
Scientists
find
from
their
studies
that
plants
can
_______.
?
A.
predict
natural
disasters
B.
protect
themselves
against
insects
C.
talk
to
one
another
intentionally
D.
help
their
neighbors
when
necessary
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第四段可知,
植物在必要的时候会通过分泌化学物质,
通知周围的植物保持警惕。故选B。
4.
What
can
we
infer
from
the
last
paragraph?
A.
The
world
is
changing
faster
than
ever.
B.
People
have
stronger
senses
than
before.
C.
The
world
is
more
complex
than
it
seems.
D.
People
in
Darwin’s
time
were
imaginative.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据“imagined
a
world
far
busier,
noisier
and
more
intimate
than
the
world
we
can
see
and
hear.
Our
senses
are
weak.
There’s
a
whole
lot
going
on”可知,
这个世界远比我们看到或听到的更热闹、更亲密,
我们认知能力有限,
有很多事仍在继续发生,
远比我们想象的要复杂。故选C。
B
The
world’s
biggest
COVID-19
vaccine
(疫苗)
study
started
on
Monday.
A
total
of
30,
000
volunteers
will
help
test
the
effectiveness
and
safety
of
a
shot
developed
by
the
National
Institutes
of
Health
and
drug
maker
Moderna.
The
volunteers
will
each
receive
two
doses
(剂量)
of
a
shot.
They
will
not
know
whether
they
are
getting
the
real
vaccine
or
a
false
version
(版本).
Scientists
will
then
closely
follow
the
volunteers
as
they
go
about
their
daily
activities.
They
want
to
see
which
group
experiences
a
higher
rate
of
infections
(感染),
especially
in
areas
where
the
virus
still
is
spreading
unchecked.
Volunteers
from
more
than
80
test
areas
across
the
country
will
take
part
in
the
study.
Moderna
said
the
first
vaccines
were
given
on
Monday
morning
in
Savannah,
Georgia.
The
U.
S.
government
requires
its
tests
of
any
vaccine
that
might
be
used
in
the
country.
The
aim
is
not
just
to
test
if
a
vaccine
works,
but
also
to
check
if
it
is
safe.
Through
the
government-funded
COVID-19
Prevention
Network,
the
U.
S.
plans
a
new
study
for
vaccine
candidates
(候选人)
each
month
through
autumn.
Each
will
involve
30,
000
newly
chosen
volunteers.
The
hope
is
that,
by
using
the
same
rules
for
each
study,
scientists
will
be
easily
able
to
compare
the
vaccines.
In
August,
the
U.
S.
will
carry
out
its
final
stages
of
Oxford
University’s
vaccine
candidate.
The
study
of
Johnson
&
Johnson’s
vaccine
will
start
in
September.
Drug
maker
Pfizer
also
plans
to
carry
out
its
own
30,
000-person
study
this
summer.
That
is
a
lot
of
volunteers
needed
to
test
possible
vaccines.
But
in
recent
weeks,
more
than
150,
000
Americans
have
registered
to
volunteer
for
the
studies,
says
Dr.
Larry
Corey.
He
is
with
the
Fred
Hutchinson
Cancer
Research
Institute
in
Seattle,
Washington.
It
normally
takes
years
to
create
a
new
vaccine
from
start
to
finish.
But
this
time,
scientists
are
setting
speed
records.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了30000名志愿者将帮助测试各大药厂开发的COVID-19疫苗的有效性和安全性。
5.
What
can
be
learned
according
to
the
second
paragraph?
A.
The
volunteers
will
be
divided
into
two
groups.
B.
A
false
version
will
influence
the
volunteers
poorly.
C.
Every
volunteer
gets
two
doses
of
shot
at
different
times.
D.
Scientists
will
keep
the
volunteers
in
a
special
place.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第二段可知,
把志愿者分成两组进行测试。故选A项。
6.
What
do
you
know
about
the
vaccine
test?
A.
This
test
involves
volunteers
from
different
countries.
B.
Some
volunteers
have
been
injected
with
the
vaccine.
C.
The
aim
of
the
test
is
to
see
how
the
vaccine
works.
D.
The
U.
S.
government
intends
to
do
tests
nationwide.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段可知,
有些志愿者已经接种了疫苗。故选B项。
7.
What
can
be
inferred
from
the
last
paragraph?
A.
The
tests
need
many
more
than
150,
000
volunteers.
B.
The
vaccines
made
in
a
hurry
have
not
potential
safety
issues.
C.
The
vaccine
is
the
best
hope
against
the
virus.
D.
It
is
better
to
put
off
using
the
vaccines
on
humans.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,
科学家想要尽快研制出疫苗,
因此推断疫苗是对抗病毒的最大希望。故选C项。
8.
Which
of
the
following
is
the
best
title
for
the
passage?
A.
COVID-19
Vaccine
Starts
Test
with
Volunteers
B.
Moderna
Are
to
Develop
COVID-19
Vaccine
C.
150,
000
Registered
to
Get
COVID-19
Vaccine
D.
COVID-19
Vaccine
Gets
Support
from
the
U.
S.
Government
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。根据第一段可知,
Moderna生产的疫苗已经开始测试接种,
倒数第二段也提到了另外两个药厂的疫苗也打算开始试验,
可以推断出文章主要讲述了COVID-19疫苗开始在志愿者中进行测试。故选A项。
Ⅱ.
完形填空
阅读下面短文,
从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,
选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2021·黄冈高二检测)
Imagine
you’re
19
years
old,
going
to
college
with
some
kind
of
student
loan
(贷款).
Then,
you
1
pile
of
cash.
What
would
you
do?
That’s
2
what
happened
to
19-year-old
Jose
when
he
3
to
a
Wells
Fargo
ATM
in
his
hometown.
?
Jose
was
about
to
deposit
some
cash
to
4
the
cost
of
an
online
purchase
when
he
looked
down
and
saw
a
plastic
bag
filled
with
money.
It
was
like
he
was
dreaming.
Dream
or
not,
he
knew
it
wasn’t
his
cash
to
5 .
?
It
was
a
Sunday
so
he
couldn’t
walk
the
bag
into
the
6 ,
so
he
called
the
police
to
report
the
money.
The
officers
came,
took
the
bag,
and
thanked
Jose
for
doing
the
7 thing.
When
they
got
back
to
the
station,
they
found
the
cash
8
$135,
000.
?
The
police
were
already
9
at
what
Jose
had
done
in
the
first
place,
but
when
they
realized
just
how
much
money
he
had
10 ,
they
were
blown
away.
This
money
could
have
made
a
great
amount
of
11
in
his
life
if
he
had
gone
down
the
12
path,
but
the
chose
the
right
one.
?
Jose
was
13
with
a
plaque
(匾)from
the
police
department
and
the
mayor
and
local
businesses
gifted
him
with
monetary
donations,
gift
cards,
and
even
football
tickets.
Jose
is
currently
studying
for
a
degree
in
criminal
justice,
and
his
14
helped
him
get
much
closer
to
his
15
because
the
police
chief
had
invited
him
to
apply
for
a
job
as
a
public
service
assistant
at
the
police
department.
?
【文章大意】本文是记叙文。本文讲述了19岁的大学生Jose拾金不昧的故事。尽管有贷款,
急需钱,
Jose还是把拾到的大量现金上交给了警察局。他诚实的行为得到人们的称赞和奖励,
也让他离自己的事业更近。
1.
A.
pack
up
B.
put
away
C.
happen
upon
D.
call
for
【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意:
然后,
你偶然发现一堆现金。
pack
up
打包,
收拾;
put
away放好,
收拾;
happen
upon偶然发现;
call
for需要,
要求。从
下文可知,
Jose是偶然发现了别人遗落在提款机旁边的钱。故选C。
2.
A.
generally
B.
necessarily
C.
absolutely
D.
exactly
【解析】选D。考查副词词义辨析。句意:
那恰恰是发生在19岁的Jose身上的事
情。
generally普遍地;
necessarily必要地;
absolutely完全地;
exactly确切地,
恰
恰。符合语境。故选D。
3.
A.
pulled
up
B.
gave
up
C.
brought
up
D.
got
up
【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意:
……当他把车停在他家乡的一家富国银行取款机时。
pulled
up减速停车;
gave
up放弃;
brought
up抚养;
养育;
got
up起床。由a
Wells
Fargo
ATM可推断,
Jose停车去取钱。故选A。
4.
A.
check
B.
cover
C.
reduce
D.
evaluate
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
Jose打算存一些现金支付在线购物,
这时候他低头看见一个装满钱的塑料袋。
check检查;
cover足以支付;
reduce减少;
evaluate估计。由deposit
some
cash和the
cost
of
a
online
purchase可推断,
是存钱支付购物账单。“cover
the
cost
of.
.
.
”的意思是“付……的账”。故选B。
5.
A.
withdraw
B.
keep
C.
donate
D.
lose
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
做梦与否,
他知道这不是他可以收着
的钱。
withdraw取(钱);
keep保存;
donate捐赠;
lose丢失。结合上下文,
“keep
the
cash”这里的意思是“收着这些钱”。故选B。
6.
A.
station B.
bank C.
owner D.
machine
【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意:
因为星期天银行不上班,
他无法把钱
送回银行。
station车站;
bank银行;
owner主人;
machine机器。根据上文It
was
a
Sunday
so
he
couldn’t可知,
银行星期天不上班,
因此他不能把钱送回银行。故
选B。
7.
A.
clever
B.
ordinary
C.
right
D.
strange
【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:
警察来了,
拿走了包,
感谢Jose做了正确的事情。
clever聪明的;
ordinary普通的;
right正确的;
strange奇怪的。拾金不昧是正确的做法,
下文but
the
chose
the
right
one.
也是提示,
所以这里用“the
right
thing”。故选C。
8.
A.
resembled
B.
averaged
C.
totaled
D.
indicated
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
当他们回到警察局,
他们发现这些现金总共135000美元。
resembled像,
类似;
averaged平均是;
totaled总共,
总计;
indicated表明。由$
135,
000推断,
这里的意思是:
钱总共是135000美元。故选C。
9.
A.
amazed
B.
disappointed
C.
puzzled
D.
embarrassed
【解析】选A。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:
起初警察吃惊于Jose所做的事情,
但是当他们意识到他上交了多少钱时,
他们被深深地打动了。
amazed吃惊的;
disappointed失望的;
puzzled困惑的;
embarrassed尴尬的。Jose拾金不昧这件事情起初让警察感到吃惊。故选A。
10.
A.
given
away
B.
wasted
C.
accumulated
D.
turned
in
【解析】选D。考查动词短语辨析。
given
away泄露,
捐献;
wasted浪费;
accumulated积累;
turned
in上交。根据上文可知,
Jose上交了捡到的钱。故选D。
11.
A.
difference
B.
trouble
C.
effort
D.
fortune
【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意:
这些钱本可以让他的生活产生很大不同,
如果他选择另一条路,
但是他选择了正确的道路。
difference不同;
trouble麻烦;
effort努力;
fortune运气。
“make
a
great
amount
of
difference”的意思是“产生很大影响”。在文中指这么大一笔钱能够让Jose这个穷学生的生活产生很大不同。故选A。
12.
A.
same
B.
easy
C.
other
D.
usual
【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。
same同样的;
easy容易的;
other另一个;
usual
通常的。“go
down
the
other
path”可以理解为“选择另一种做法”,
具体在这
篇文章中应理解为“他自己收着这笔钱”。故选C。
13.
A.
presented
B.
provided
C.
satisfied
D.
comforted
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
Jose被警察局奖励给一个匾额,
市长
和当地企业捐赠了金钱,
礼品卡,
甚至足球票。
presented颁发;
provided提供,
供
应;
satisfied使满足;
comforted安慰。
“present
a
plaque”的意思是“送匾(以示表
彰)”。警察局为了表扬Jose,
给他颁发了匾额。故选A。
14.
A.
courage
B.
honesty
C.
generosity
D.
patience
【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意:
Jose目前正在攻读刑事司法学位,
他的诚实有助于他更接近他的事业……
courage勇气;
honesty诚实;
generosity慷慨;
patience耐心。拾金不昧是一种诚实的表现,
所以这里选“honesty”。故选B。
15.
A.
degree
B.
limit
C.
potential
D.
career
【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。
degree学位;
limit限制;
potential潜力;
career事业。下文中警察局长给他提供了一份工作,
所以这里选“career”。故选
D。
阅读填句
Many
healthcare
workers
know
that
washing
hands
is
important
to
prevent
the
spread
of
infectious
disease.
1
During
a
study
conducted
by
Nicas
and
Best
at
Berkley
University,
they
counted
the
number
of
times
people
touched
their
face
with
their
hands.
2
Whether
we
are
aware
of
our
actions
or
not,
most
of
us
can
agree
that
we
touch
our
face
with
our
hands
frequently
enough.
?
Imagine
that
you
are
able
to
record
a
full
day
of
your
actions.
Better
yet,
reflect
on
what
you
did
when
you
woke
up
yesterday
morning.
Let
me
give
you
an
idea
of
my
previous
morning.
I
was
woken
by
the
alarm
clock
at
6
am.
3
Then
I
checked
my
phone
for
messages,
turned
on
the
TV
for
my
morning
news,
started
making
my
coffee
and
finally
hit
the
shower.
It
wasn’t
even
5
minutes
from
the
time
I
awoke
and
I
already
touched
different
objects.
The
point
of
this
is
to
be
aware
that
even
in
our
homes
we
are
exposed
to
germs
in
places
we
don’t
realize.
?
Luckily,
the
human
body
has
amazing
defense
against
harmful
germs.
4
Our
white
blood
cells
are
like
soldiers
coming
to
the
rescue.
Unfortunately,
there
are
a
lot
of
areas
on
our
face
that
do
not
have
the
protection
of
skin
such
as
the
eyes
and
mouth.
There’s
a
reason
to
every
wise
proverb
and
our
parents
annoying
us
to
wash
our
hands
before
dinner
is
not
for
nothing.
?
5
If
you
have
children,
it
is
even
more
important
to
set
the
example
because
children
are
known
to
learn
from
adults.
Let’s
start
a
good
habit
of
washing
hands.
As
for
your
friends,
don’t
be
shy
about
checking
to
make
sure
their
hands
are
?clean.
Asking
someone
if
they
have
washed
their
hands
is
caring.
Checking
to
see
if
someone
has
washed
their
hands
will
benefit
not
only
that
person,
but
you
and
your
family.
A.
Our
skin
is
the
first
line
of
defense.
B.
Several
minutes
later,
I
turned
off
the
alarm
clock.
C.
It
is
easy
for
us
to
admit
that
we
wash
our
hands
regularly.
D.
They
are
more
self-aware
that
hand
washing
should
be
practiced
as
needed.
E.
Most
importantly,
it
is
our
duty
to
set
the
right
example
for
friends
and
family.
F.
They
found
that
the
subjects
touched
their
face
15.
7
times
per
hour
on
average.
G.
Do
the
rest
of
your
family
members,
especially
children,
wash
their
hands
regularly?
【文章大意】本文是说明文。文章讲述了洗手对于预防传染病的传播很重要。尽管人体对有害细菌具有一定的防御能力,
但是我们也要养成洗手的好习惯。
1.
【解析】选D。根据空前可知,
许多医护人员都知道洗手对于预防传染病的
传播很重要,
D项“他们更加意识到应该根据需要洗手”能够承接上文。该选项中
的They指的是前一句中的many
healthcare
workers。故选D项。
2.
【解析】选F。根据空前可知,
在Nicas和Best在伯克利大学进行的一项研究中,
他们计算了人们用手触摸脸部的次数,
根据空后可知,
无论我们是否意识到自
己的行为,
我们大多数人都认同我们经常用手摸脸,
F项“他们发现受试者平均每
小时触摸脸部15.
7次”能够承接上文并且与下文连接通顺。该选项中的They指
的是前一句中的Nicas
and
Best。故选F项。
3.
【解析】选B。根据空前和空后可知早上6点钟我被闹钟叫醒了,
然后我查看
了手机中的消息,
打开电视听早间新闻,
开始煮咖啡,
最后洗了澡,
B项Several
minutes
later,
I
turned
off
the
alarm
clock.
(几分钟后,
我关闭了闹钟。)能够承接
上文并且与下文连接通顺。该选项中的the
alarm
clock在前一句中出现了。故
选B项。
4.
【解析】选A。根据空前可知,
幸运的是,
人体对有害细菌具有惊人的防御能
力,
根据空后可知,
我们的白细胞就像士兵一样来营救我们。A项Our
skin
is
the
first
line
of
defense.
(我们的皮肤是第一道防线。)能够承接上文并且与下文连接
通顺。该选项中的defense在前一句中出现了。故选A项。
5.
【解析】选E。根据空后可知,
如果你有孩子,
树立榜样就更重要了,
众所周知,
因为孩子可以向成年人学习。E项Most
importantly,
it
is
our
duty
to
set
the
right
example
for
friends
and
family.
(最重要的是,
为朋友和家人树立正确的榜样是我们的责任。)能够与下文连接通顺。该选项中的set
the
example在下一句中出现了。故选E项。
【方法技巧】
七选五的解题技巧之一是根据上下文词汇来锁定线索。即:
要关注空格处
前后的内容,
然后在选项中查找它们的近义词、反义词、同义词、同类词等,
看
是否有同词复现,
代词的指代等。
在本文中,
第1小题:
D选项中的They指的是前一句中的many
healthcare
workers;
第2小题:
F选项中的They指的是前一句中的Nicas
and
Best;
第3小题:
B
选项中的the
alarm
clock在前一句中出现了;
第4小题:
A选项中的defense在前一
句中出现了;
第5小题:
E选项中的set
the
example在下一句中出现了。
