中考定语从句复习课件

(共29张PPT)
定语从句
The Attributive Clause
Which one is Harry Porter
戴着眼睛的男孩是哈利波特
The boy is wearing glasses
The boy is Harry Porter
定语从句（The Attributive Clause）
一 概念
定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
形容词、代词、名词等可做定语
smart boy，many people， your card number， teaching plan。
从句位置：先行词之后
形容词性的从句
关系词的作用
1. 连接作用，引导定语从句。
2. 代替先行词。
3. 在定语从句中担当一个成分。
The boy who is wearing glasses is Harry Porter
The boy who is wearing glasses is Harry
Porter
先行词 关系词 定语从句
关系代词 关系副词
who that which where when why
whom whose
二 关系词的用法
1.关系代词
who that 主语/宾语
先行词是人
whom 宾语
先行词是物 which/that 主语/宾语
that
先行词是人和物
whose 作先行词定语
关
系 代
词
Try it
指出关系代词在句子中的成分
1.He is the man (whom/ that) I saw yesterday.
2.The book (which) my sisiter gave me is very interesting
3.He lives in a room whose window faces south
4.The girl who/that came to our clase is Liming
5.He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
宾语
定语
宾语
定语
主语
三 如何选定定语从句关系词
1.分辨主句和定语从句
2.确定定语从句的先行词（人/物/人和物）
3.把先行词带到从句中，看其在定语从句中充当的成分（主语 宾语 定语 状语）
4.若先行词在从句中做主语，宾语或定语则用关系代词，如果做状语则用关系副词。
用关系代词填空：that 、which 、who、 whom 、whose
1.This is the man _____________ wants to see you.
2. clock is a machine __________ tells people the time.
3.This is shirt _________ I bought yesterday.
4. This is the boy with _______he talked
who that
which what
which that
whom
who whom whose that 用法区别
1.who指人，在从句中做主语或宾语
The boys who are playing football are from Class One.
The boys are from Class One
分解
The boys are playing football
做主语
2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。
Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about.
Mr. Liu is the person
分解
You talked with the person
注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
作宾语
若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that，也不能省略
The man with you talked is my friend.
The man you talked with is my friend.
whom
（whom/ who/that ）
3.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语
I know the boy whose father is a doctor.
I know the boy
分解
The boy's father is a doctor
作定语
4. that指人时，相当于who 或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略
Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning
A plane is a machine that can fly.
which 和 that的用法
which和that通常指物，既可以作主语也可以作宾语，作宾语可以省略。
(1) Football is a game which/that is liked by most boys.
(2) This is the pen (which/that) he bought yesterday.
作主语
作宾语
which 和 that的区别
只能用that的情况
This is the most interesting book that I've ever read.
This is the first play that i have seen since i came here
This is the very book that belongs to him
1.当形容词最高级和序数词修饰先行词时
2. 先行词被the very, the only, the last, the same 修饰时
Pay attention to everything that I do
The teacher wants to teach us all that he knows.
I have read all the books that you lent me
3. 当先行词是everything, something, anything, nothing, all,little,much 等时
4. 当先行词被no,all,any, little,every, some 修饰时
What's the name of the animals that jumps about
Which is the bike that you lost
They had a long talk about the persons and things that they both knew
5,.当先行词是有生命的动物或人时，宜使用that而不是which
6.当主句中已有疑问词who或which时，要用关系代词that。
7. 当先行词同时指人和物时
只用which的情况
1.在介词后面的关系代词
The picture for which he paid $1,000 was once owned by a duke.
2.有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已有which,另一个宜用that。相反，如果其中一个为that，另一个宜用which。
Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.
引导定语从句的关系代词总结
主语 宾语 定语
指人
指物
指人和物
who
that
whom
whose
(of whom)
which
taht
that
whose
(of which)
that
that
whose
when where why 用法
1. where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。
This is the hospital my mother works.
This is the hospital we visited the day before yesterday.
where
which/that
2 表时间名词+when+定语从句。
when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
I will never forget the day I first met you at school.
I will never forget the days we spent together
when
that/which
表原因的名词reason + why + 定语从句
(why只用于reason之后的限制性定语从句中,在定语从句中作原因状语。)
This is the reason he gave his boss in the office
The reason he did not go to school is that he was ill.
which/that
why
when where和why都可以替换成“介词 + which”
Do you still remember the day on which we first met in Nantong
This is the room in which we lived last year.
Do you know the reason for which he refused to go to Mary’s birthday party.
(on which=when)
(in which=where)
(for which=why)
关系副词
when= on(in during...) which
where=in(in front of...) which
why=for which
关
系
副
词
1．This is the place_____ John was born
A．which B．where C. when D．that
2. He is the only person ____ I want to talk to.
A. that B. which C. who D. whose
3．Is this problem _____the teacher explained last week
A． the one B．that C．which D．one
4．The high building _____ stand four policemen is the police station．
A．which B．that C．in front of it D. in front of which
5．My mother will give Mary a model plane_____ she will like to play．
A．which B．that C．for which D．with which
6．The film brought the hours back to me_____ I was taken good care of in that far away village.
A．until B．that C whenD．where
7．There are times_____ I wonder why I do this job．
A．as B．while C．which D．when
8．After living in London for thirty years，Mr Smith returned to the small town_____ he grew up as a child．
A．which B．where C that D．when