(共24张PPT)
Unit
10
I’ve
had
this
bike
for
three
years.
Section
A
Grammar
Focus-4c
现在完成时
现在完成时的定义、构成和句型
现在完成时的时间状语
非延续性动词与延续性动词转换
have
been
与have
gone
比较
1.
过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。和already，never,
ever,
just,
before,
yet,once,twice等状语连用。
2.
过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态,
常与for或since引起的一段时间状语连用。
had
breakfast
I
have
just
had
my
breakfast.
(现在我不饿)
I’m
not
hungry
now
lived
here
in
2012
I
still
live
here
I
have
lived
here
for
three
years.
I
have
lived
here
since
2012/three
years
ago.
now
past
定义：
定义：
1.过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
have/has+动词过去分词
(done)
肯定
:主语+have/has+done
结构：
句型：
2.过去已经开始,
持续到现在的动作或状态。
否定
:主语+have/has
not+done
疑问:
Have/Has+主语+done+其他
?Yes,
主+have/has.
No,
主+haven’t/hasn’t
疑问词+have/has+主语+过去分词+其他成分?
1.I
__________
(teach)
English
for
a
long
time
.
2.My
grandpa
____________
(collect
)
tea
sets
since
he
came
to
Changsha.
3.They
__________(write
)
ten
books
already.
4.They
have
already
bought
a
computer.(改成否定句)
5.She
has
bought
this
book.(改为一般疑问句）
6.He
has
owned
the
bike
since
his
fourth
birthday.(就划线部分提问)
have
taught
has
collected
have
written
They
haven’t
/have
not
bought
a
computer
yet.
Has
she
bought
this
book?
Task
One：
teach-taught-taught
write-wrote-written
How
long
has
he
owned
the
bike?
How
long
have
you
had
that
bike
over
there?
I’ve
had
it
for
three
years.
How
long
has
his
son
owned
the
train
and
railway
set?
He’s
owned
it
since
his
fourth
birthday.
Have
you
ever
played
football?
Yes,
I
did
when
I
was
little,
but
I
haven’t
played
for
a
while
now.
Grammar
Focus
你拥有那边那辆自行车多久了？
我已经拥有它三年了。
他的儿子拥有那套火车和铁路铁轨的玩具多长时间了？
自从他的4岁生日起，他就拥有它了。
你曾经踢过足球吗？
是的，我小的时候踢过，
但是现在我已经有一段时间不踢了。
翻译
How
long
have
you
had
that
bike
over
there?
I’ve
had
it
for
three
years.
How
long
has
his
son
owned
the
train
and
railway
set?
He’s
owned
it
since
his
fourth
birthday.
Have
you
ever
played
football?
Yes,
I
did
when
I
was
little,
but
I
haven’t
played
for
a
while
now.
for“持续了…”
+时间段
since“自从”
”
since
+过去的时间点/
从句
since
+时间段＋ago
2.过去已经开始,
持续到现在的动作或状态。
We
haven't
seen
each
other
_______a
long
time.
His
father
has
been
in
the
factory
_____10
years
ago.
The
film
has
been
on
_____20
minutes.
Mr.
Green
has
worked
here
______
he
came
to
China
His
grandparents
have
been
dead
______
several
years.
It's
been
five
years
______
we
met
last
time.
Fill
in
the
blanks
with
since
or
for.
for
since
for
since
for
since
Task
Two：
begin/start
die
延续性动词与非延续性动词
动词按发生过程的长短分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。
1)延续性动词:表示能够延续的动作,也可以表示经验与经历。
Eg:
learn,
work,
stand,
lie,
walk,
sleep,
keep,
wait,
watch,
sing,
read,
stay,
live
…
延续性动可以与or和
since引导的时间状语连用:
Eg:
He
has
lived
here
for
6
years
(他在这儿住了六年了,live是延续性动词
I
have
known
her
since
then.
(自从那时起我就认识她了
know是延续性动词)
2)非延续性动词:也称终止性动词或瞬间动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。
Eg:
open,
close,
begin,
finish,
come,
go,
move,
borrow,
lend,
buy,
die
…
非延线性动词不能与for和since引导的时间状语连用。
He
has
died
for
two
years.
(X)
He
has
been
dead
for
two
years.
(√)
I
have
bought
the
bike
for
2
months.
(X)
I
have
had/owned
the
bike
for
2
months.
(√)
判断正误
1.I
have
bought
this
computer
since
1990.(
)
2.He
has
not
left
Beijing
yet.
(
)
3.How
long
have
you
borrowed
the
book?
(
)
4.How
long
have
you
kept
this
book?
(
)
5.He
has
left
Beijing
for
a
week.(
)
6.I
have
had
this
computer
since
four
years
ago.
(
)
7.I
haven’t
bought
anything
for
two
months.(
)
×
√
had
kept
×
√
×
been
away
from
√
√
瞬间性动词的
否定式
可以和
段时间
连用。
Task
Three：
非延续性动词（词组）和对应的延续性动词（词组）的转换
非延续性动词（词组）
延续性动词（词组）
become
be
borrow
keep
buy
have
get
up
be
up
fall
asleep
be
asleep
make
friends
be
friends
turn
on/off
be
on/off
leave
be
away
(from)
join
be
a
member
of
/
be
in
非延续性动词（词组）
延续性动词（词组）
open
be
open
close
be
closed
lose
be
lost
die
be
dead
marry
be
married
begin/start
be
on
come/go
be
here/there
finish
be
over
非延续性动词与延续性动词之间的转换(常用)
(1)转化为相应的延续性动词,用于现在完成时态
Eg:
borrow-keep
buy-have\own
put
on-
wear
get
\go
to
sleep-
sleep
catch
a
cold-
have
a
cold
get
to
know-know
(2)转化为“be+形容词\副词\介词\名词”
Eg:
begin
start
-be
on
go
out
-
be
out
die
-
be
dead
open-
be
open
get
to/
arrive
in(at)\
reach-be
in+地点
leave
-
be
away(from)
finish-
be
over
fall
ill-
be
ill
get
up-
be
up
fall
asleep-
be
asleep
join-
be
in+活动\组织
go
to
school
-
be
in
school
become-be
make
friends
-be
friends
close-
be
closed
go
to
bed-
be
in
bed
come\go-
be+相应的介词短语
例:同义句转换,将一般过去时改成现在完成时
He
went
to
school
two
hours
ago.(一般过去时)
I
borrowed
the
book
five
days
ago.
get
to/
arrive
in(at)\
reach-be
in+地点
He
has
been
in
school
for
two
hours.
(现在完成时，将go
to
school变为be
in
school,
for+时间段)
He
has
been
in
school
since
two
hours
ago.
(现在完成时，since跟过去的时间点)
borrow借(短暂)-keep保存(延续)
I
have
kept
the
book
for
five
days.
I
have
kept
the
book
since
five
days
ago.
He
bought
the
bike
three
years
ago.
2.
She
fell
asleep
one
hour
ago.
3.
My
sister
became
a
nurse
one
year
ago.
He
has
had
the
bike
for
three
years.
buy买(短暂)—have\own拥有(延续)
He
has
had
the
bike
since
three
years
ago.
fall
asleep入睡(短暂)—be
asleep睡着的(状态)
She
has
been
asleep
for
one
hour.
She
has
been
asleep
since
one
hour
ago.
become变成(短暂)—be+名词(延续)
My
sister
has
been
a
nurse
for
one
year.
My
sister
has
been
a
nurse
since
one
year
ago.
Li
Lei
joined
the
Party
three
years
ago._(同义句)
Li
Lei
____
____
____the
Party
______
three
years.
Li
Lei
____
____
____the
Party
_____
three
years
ago.
2.
My
father
left
Guizhou
last
week.(同义句)
My
father
___
____
____
____Guizhou
______a
week.
My
father
___
_____
____
____Guizhou
____
last
week.
3.
The
factory
opened
in1996.(同义句)
The
factory
____
____
____
_____ten
years.
The
factory
____
_____
_____
since
1996.
join加入某个组织(短暂)—be
in+组织(状态)
has
been
in
for
has
been
in
since
leave离开某地(短暂)
—be
away
from(状态)
has
been
away
from
for
has
been
away
from
since
open开业，营业(短暂)
—be
open(状态)
has
been
open
for
has
been
open
Task
Four：
4.
Mr.
Huang
reached
Beijing
five
days
ago.(同义句)
Mr.
Huang____
____
____Beijing
______
five
days
ago.
Mr.
Huang
____
____
____Beijing_____
five
days.
5.
The
film
began
ten
minutes
ago.(同义句)
The
film
___
_____
_____for
_____
_____.
The
film
____
____
____since
_____
____
_____.
6.
She
bought
the
new
car
three
years
ago.(同义句)
She
____
____
the
new
car
_____three
years.
She
____
____
the
new
car
____
three
years
ago.
get
to\arrive
in(at)\reach+地点
—be
in
+地点
has
been
in
since
has
been
in
for
begin开始（短暂）
—be
on
(状态)
has
been
on
ten
minutes
has
been
on
ten
minutes
ago
buy买（短暂）
—have\own拥有(状态)
has
had
for
has
had
since
Practice
4a.
Rewrite
the
sentences
using
for
or
since.
Jim
is
in
Japan.
He
arrived
there
three
days
ago.
__________________________________
2.
They
are
very
hungry.
Their
last
meal
was
ten
hours
ago.
____________________________________
3.
I
have
a
camera.
I
bought
it
in
2009.
_______________________________
4.
I
know
Anna.
I
first
met
her
three
years
ago.
___________________________________
5.
Linda
is
ill.
She
became
ill
on
Monday.
____________________________________
get
to\arrive
in(at)\reach+地点—be
in
+地点
Jim
has
been
in
Japan
for
three
days\since
three
days
ago.
eat—
have
They
haven’t
had
anything
for
ten
hours\since
ten
hours
ago
.
buy—
have
I
have
had
a
camera
since
2009.
meet—
know
I
have
known
Anna
for
three
years\since
three
years
ago.
become
ill—
be
ill
Linda
has
been
ill
since
Monday.
4b.
Fill
in
the
blanks
with
the
correct
forms
of
the
verbs
in
brackets.
1.
I
______________
(never
be)
to
the
water
park
before.
I
want
to
____
(go)
next
month
before
the
weather
gets
too
cold.
2.They__________________(never
own)
any
pets,
but
they
______________________
(always
want)
to
have
a
dog.
3.
We_______
(have)
a
piano
since
last
November.
We
_______
(buy)
it
from
the
Li
family
when
they
moved
to
the
US
last
year.
4.
Cathy
and
Amy
_______________(not
be)
back
to
their
hometown
for
two
years.
They
____
(miss)
their
hometown
a
lot
and
hope
to
visit
the
place
next
year.
5.
This
museum
________
(be)
here
for
over
20
years.
It
_____
(be)
one
of
the
oldest
buildings
in
this
small
town.
提示：根据句意和时间状语提示词，决定句子时态和动词形式
have
never
been
go
have
never
owned
have
always
wanted
have
had
bought
haven’t
been
miss
has
been
is
have
been
与have
gone
的用法比较
have
been
to
have
gone
to
have
been
in
意思是“到过，去过”，表示曾经到过某处。
意思是“去了”，表示已经去了某地，
现在人可能在去的途中或已在那儿了。
意思是“呆在某处一段时间了”
用Have
been
to,
have
gone
to,
have
been
in
填空
1.Mike
and
his
parents
___________the
north
for
half
a
year.
2.Mum
is
not
at
home
now.
she
_________
the
shop.
3.______
you
ever
_____
to
kunming
?
Never.
4.Where
_____
you
______
these
days?
5.Has
Jim
arrived
yet?
Yes,
he
_______
here
for
several
days.
6.Where
is
Peter?
I
don’t
know
where
he
________.
7.Hi
Jim!
Where
_____
you
_____
?
Li
Lei
is
looking
for
you.
have
been
in
has
gone
to
have
been
Have
been
has
been
has
gone
have
been
Task
Five：
4c.
Fill
in
the
questions
and
ask
two
students.
Then
complete
the
chart.
Things
How
long
Tony
favorite
book
for
two
years
basketball
since
he
was
10
years
old
student
1
student
2
1.
Do
you
have
a
(n)_________?
How
long
have
you
had
it?
2.
Do
you
own
a
(n)__________?
How
long
have
you
owned
it?
For
example:
A:
Do
you
have
\own
a
toy
bear?
B:
Yes,
I
do.
A:
How
long
have
you
had\owned
it?
B:
I
have
had
\owned
it
for
two
years\
since
two
years
ago.
For
example:
My
friend
Jenny
has
a
train
set.
She
has
owned
it
since
she
was
two
years
old.
My
classmate
Tony
has
a
football
T-shirt.
He
has
had
it
for
three
years.
……
The
end-of-class
test
一、将下列短暂性动词转化成对应的延续性形式
borrow-
buy-
put
on-
begin\start-
die-
open-
get
to
\arrive
in
(at)\reach-
leave-
finish-
fall
ill-
fall
asleep-
join-
go
to
school-
become-
close-
keep
have
wear
be
on
be
dead
be
open
be
in+地点
be
away
(from)
be
over
be
ill
be
asleep
be
in+活动\组织
be
in
school
be
be
closed
二、翻译句子
自打五年前我就有这套火车和铁轨套装玩具了。
Tara离开家已经两个月了。
这本书我已经借了两周了。
这辆自行车我买了两年了。
那只猫已经死了两天了。
电影已经结束10分钟了。
有，拥有—
have\own
I
have
had
(owned)
this
train
and
railway
set
since
five
years
ago.
leave—
be
away
(from)
Tara
has
been
away
from
home
for
two
months.
borrow—
keep
I
have
kept
this
book
for
two
weeks.
buy—
have
I
have
had
this
bike
for
two
years.
die—
be
dead
The
cat
has
been
dead
for
two
days.
finish—
be
over
The
film
has
been
over
for
ten
minutes.U10
A3语法聚焦
班级_______
姓名______
Task
One
1.I
__________
(teach)
English
for
a
long
time
.
2.My
grandpa
____________
(collect
)
tea
sets
since
he
came
to
Changsha.
3.They
_________(write
)
ten
books
already.
4.They
have
already
bought
a
computer.(改成否定句)
5.She
has
bought
this
book.(改为一般疑问句）
6.He
has
owned
the
bike
since
his
fourth
birthday.(就划线部分提问)
Task
Two：
1.We
haven't
seen
each
other
_______a
long
time.
2.His
father
has
been
in
the
factory
_____10
years
ago.
3.The
film
has
been
on
_____20
minutes.
4.Mr.
Green
has
worked
here
______
he
came
to
China
5.His
grandparents
have
been
dead
______
several
years.
6.It's
been
five
years
______
we
met
last
time.
Task
Three：判断正误
1.I
have
bought
this
computer
since
1990.(
)
2.He
has
not
left
Beijing
yet.
(
)
3.How
long
have
you
borrowed
the
book?
(
)
4.How
long
have
you
kept
this
book?
(
)
5.He
has
left
Beijing
for
a
week.(
)
6.I
have
had
this
computer
since
four
years
ago.
(
)
7.I
haven’t
bought
anything
for
two
months.(
)
??瞬间性动词转延续性动词
borrow-keep
buy-have\own
put
on-
wear
get
\go
to
sleep-
sleep
catch
a
cold-
have
a
cold
get
to
know-know
begin
start
-be
on
go
out
-
be
out
die
-
be
dead
open-
be
open
get
to/
arrive
in(at)\
reach-be
in+地点
leave
-
be
away(from)
get
up-
be
up
finish-
be
over
fall
ill-
be
ill
fall
asleep-
be
asleep
join-
be
in+活动\组织
go
to
school
-
be
in
school
become-be
make
friends
-be
friends
close-
be
closed
go
to
bed-
be
in
bed
come\go-
be+相应的介词短语
Task
Four：
Li
Lei
joined
the
Party
three
years
ago._(同义句)
Li
Lei
____
____
____the
Party
______
three
years.
Li
Lei
____
____
____the
Party
_____
three
years
ago.
2.
My
father
left
Guizhou
last
week.(同义句)
My
father
___
____
____
____Guizhou
______a
week.
My
father
___
_____
____
____Guizhou
____
last
week.
3.
The
factory
opened
in1996.(同义句)
The
factory
____
____
____
_____ten
years.
The
factory
____
_____
_____
since
1996.
4.
Mr.
Huang
reached
Beijing
five
days
ago.(同义句)
Mr.
Huang____
____
____Beijing
______
five
days
ago.
Mr.
Huang
____
____
____Beijing_____
five
days.
5.
The
film
began
ten
minutes
ago.(同义句)
The
film
___
_____
_____for
_____
_____.
The
film
____
____
____since
_____
____
_____.
6.
She
bought
the
new
car
three
years
ago.(同义句)
She
____
____
the
new
car
_____three
years.
She
____
____
the
new
car
____
three
years
ago.
Task
Five：
1.Mike
and
his
parents
___________the
north
for
half
a
year.
2.Mum
is
not
at
home
now.
she
_________
the
shop.
3.______
you
ever
_____
to
kunming
?
Never.
4.Where
_____
you
______
these
days?
5.--Has
Jim
arrived
yet?---Yes,
he
_______
here
for
several
days.
6.Where
is
Peter?
I
don’t
know
where
he
________.
7.Hi
Jim!
Where
_____
you
_____
?
Li
Lei
is
looking
for
you.
??课后练习
一、将下列短暂性动词转化成对应的延续性形式
1.borrow-
2.buy-
3.put
on-
4.begin\start-
5.die-
6.open-
7.get
to
\arrive
in
(at)\reach-
8.leave-
9.finish-
10.fall
ill-
11.fall
asleep-
12.join-
13.go
to
school-
14.become-
15.close-
二、翻译句子
1.自打五年前我就有这套火车和铁轨套装玩具了。
2.Tara离开家已经两个月了。
3.这本书我已经借了两周了。
4.这辆自行车我买了两年了。
5.那只猫已经死了两天了。
6.电影已经结束10分钟了。
