(共27张PPT)
单元总结
重点词汇
1.impression
n. ?
have
a(n)...impression
of...对……有……的印象
give/leave/make
a(n)...impression
on
sb.给某人留下……印象
例如:I
have
(对……印象好)
the
people
in
the
town.?
2.take
up
?
例如:In
order
to
get
the
job,I
have
to
?(接受他的建议).?
印象,感想,印记
a
good
impression
of
拿起,接受,开始,继续
take
up
his
advice/suggestion(s)
3.lack
vi
&
vt. n.
?
for
lack
of...
因缺乏……;(a)
lack
of缺乏;have
no
lack
of不缺乏;lack
sth.缺少……;lack
(for)
nothing什么也不缺;be
lacking
in在……方面不足
例如:The
flowers
died
(因缺水).?
4.lose
sight
of
?
catch
sight
of看见,发现;at
the
sight
of一看见;at
first
sight初看;out
of
sight看不见,在视野之外
例如:I
soon
(看不见)
her.?
缺乏,没有
短缺的东西
for
lack
of
water
看不见
lost
sight
of
5.
加速?
at
a
speed
of以……的速度;with
all
speed尽快地;pick
up
speed加速;speed
limit速度限制;at
high/low/full/top
speed以高/低/全/最高速
例如:The
girl
suddenly
(加速)
so
that
she
could
catch
up
with
her
friend.?
speed
up
sped
up
重点句型
1. some
of
the
main
aspects
of
life
today.?
下面是当今生活的主要方面。
2.This
is
similar
to
the
“jet
lag”
,but
it
seems
you
keep
getting
flashbacks
from
your
previous
time
period.?
这就与你乘坐飞机会产生时差反应相似,但不同的是,在你的脑子里似乎会不断地闪现以前的时光。
3.The
air
seemed
thin,
its
combination
of
gases
had
little
oxygen
.?
空气似乎很稀薄,好像在混合的气体中剩下的氧气很少。
Below
are
you
get
from
flying
as
though
left
4. ,my
head
ached.?
由于缺乏新鲜空气,我感到头痛。
5. ,I
slid
into
bed
and
fell
fast
asleep.?
实在累坏了,我溜上床很快就睡着了。
Hit
by
a
lack
of
fresh
air
Exhausted
重点语法
过去分词做状语
Don’t
speak
until
.?
当别人和你讲话时,你才能讲话。
spoken
to
功能
Making
predictions(作出预测)
1.Suppose
that...(假如……)
2.I
wonder
if...(我想知道是否……)
3.I
imagine
that...(我想象到……)
4.I’m
sure...(我确信……)
5.Perhaps/Maybe/Possibly...(也许……)
6.Do
you
imagine
that...?(你想象到……?)
7.Is
it
likely/unlikely...(……有可能/不可能)
8.Is
it
possible
that...?(……是可能的吗?)
9.Do
you
suppose
that...?(你认为……?)
10.Most
likely...(很可能……)
11.Probably...(大概……)
语篇填空解题技巧
语篇填空题的考查形式为有提示词和无提示词两种。有提示词的题目一般是7个,无提示词的题目一般为3个。
一、有提示词
这种形式主要考查词性转换、名词的数、形容词和副词的比较级与最高级、动词的时态和语态、主谓一致以及非谓语动词的形式。解答这类题目时,首先需要判断设空处在句子中的功能,其次再决定该用什么形式。
1.提示词为动词
①考查谓语动词时,要考虑时态、语态、主谓一致等。
例1
Diets
have
changed
in
China—and
so
too
has
its
top
crop.Since
2011,the
country
(grow)
more
corn
than
rice.Corn
production
has
jumped
nearly
125
percent
over
the
past
25
years,while
rice
has
increased
only
7
percent.?
【剖析】has
grown 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据该句中的时间状语“since
2011”可知,此处应用现在完成时,且该句的主语是“the
country”,故谓语动词用单数形式。
②考查非谓语动词时,要判断非谓语动词在句中所作的成分。
首先要考虑用动词的-ing形式(现在分词)、-ed形式(过去分词)还是不定式,同时还要考虑非谓语动词的时态和语态。作主语或宾语时,通常用现在分词表示习惯或一般情况,用不定式表示具体的情况。作定语时,动词与被修饰词是主动关系用现在分词,是被动关系用过去分词,如果强调将来的动作,用不定式。作状语时,关键也是要看清其与逻辑主语之间的主被动关系。当表示目的时,则只用不定式形式。
例2
However,it
takes
about
four
years
(break)
down
completely.?
【剖析】to
break 考查非谓语动词。此处为it作形式主语,不定式作真正的主语,构成It
took
(sb.)
some
time
to
do
sth.这一句式。故用不定式to
break。
例3
Another
one,Sisters’
Festival,is
celebrated
on
the
8th
day
of
the
fourth
lunar
month
calendar,when
(marry)
women
make
a
return
to
the
homes
of
their
mothers.?
【剖析】married 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,句子中有谓语动词make,故这里要填写的是非谓语动词形式。marry和women之间为被动关系,因此用过去分词married修饰women,married
women意为“已婚女性”。
③考查词性转换时,可能是由动词转换成名词。需要注意名词的单复数。
例4
However,the
worst
(impress)
is
that
I
was
feeling
hungry
all
the
time.?
【剖析】impression 考查动词转换为名词的情况。此处提示词虽然为动词,但根据分析可知,前面为形容词最高级worst,因此后面要用名词形式,故此处要用impression。
2.提示词为形容词或者副词
如果提示词是形容词,可能考查提示词的反义词、副词、比较级或者名词等,考查副词的情况居多。如果提示词是副词,最可能考查的是比较等级,这时要根据其标志词than、修饰比较级或者最高级的词如much,even,by
far等固定句型以及具体语境来判断是否用比较级或者最高级的形式。
例5
And
the
town
is
fast
becoming
a
popular
weekend
destination
for
people
in
Asia.Abercrombie
&
Kent,a
travel
company
in
Hong
Kong,says
it
(regular)
arranges
quick
getaways
here
for
people
living
in
Shanghai
and
Hong
Kong.?
【剖析】
regularly 此处考查形容词转换为副词的情况。分析句子结构可知,这里要填写副词修饰动词arranges。
例6
In
addition
to
their
simple
beauty,what
makes
the
adobe
dwellings
admirable
is
their
(able)
to
“air
condition”
a
house
without
using
electric
equipment.?
【剖析】
ability 考查形容词转换为名词的情况。由空前的their可知,此处应用able的名词形式。
例7
According
to
a
review
of
evidence
in
a
medical
journal,runners
live
three
years
(long)
than
non-runners.?
【剖析】longer 考查形容词的比较级。根据后面的than可知,所填的词要用比较级。long的比较级形式是longer。
3.提示词为名词
当括号内提供的是名词时,最有可能考查的是名词的数。有时候也考查其形容词形式,但有时也可能考查其副词、动词等形式。
例8
How
would
you
feel
if
you
woke
up
and
found
your
entire
computer’s
contents—including
your
photos,your
recent
documents—no
longer
(access)??
【剖析】accessible 考查名词转换为形容词的情况。分析句子结构可知,这里要填的词要做“find+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中的宾语补足语,因此要用access的形容词形式accessible来修饰名词。
4.提示词为代词
当括号内提供的是代词时,应填其宾格、反身代词以及物主代词的形式。要根据其在句子中的成分选择正确的形式。
例9
But
I
didn’t
care.A
few
hours
earlier,I’d
been
at
home
in
Hong
Kong,with
(it)
choking
smog.?
【剖析】its 此处考查代词的转换。这里要用形容词性物主代词修饰choking
smog。
例10
A
woman
on
the
bus
shouted,“Oh
dear!It’s
(I).”?
【剖析】me/mine 此处回答上文“有人丢箱子了吗?”,因此可以将it看作是回答上文提到的人,故要用宾格形式;也可以把it看作是指代“箱子”,故要用mine,表示“我的箱子”。
二、无提示词
这种形式主要考查考生对语篇的理解和逻辑关系的把握以及对固定搭配和常见句式的掌握程度。考查的内容主要是介词、冠词、代词、连词、情态动词、连接代词和连接副词、关系代词和关系副词以及句式。因为没有提示词,考生需要根据文章大意和上下文语境以及对长难句结构的分析来判断设空处在句子中的功能,确定其词性和意义,最后确定内容。
1.根据上下文语境解题
根据上下文语境和某些关键词语推断出要填写的词。有些题目直接明了,有些暗含在其中,需要仔细琢磨,进行推断。
例11
The
adobe
dwellings(土坯房)
built
by
the
Pueblo
Indians
of
the
American
Southwest
are
admired
by
even
most
modern
of
architects
and
engineers.?
【剖析】
the 考查冠词。句意:即使是最现代的建筑师和工程师,也对美国西南部普埃布洛印第安人所建造的土坯房佩服不已。根据上下文的意思可知,空白处后接的most一词为最高级形式,形容词最高级前面应该用定冠词the。
例12
There
were
many
people
waiting
at
the
bus
stop, ?
some
of
them
looked
very
anxious
and
disappointed.?
【剖析】
and 考查连词。句意:很多人在公共汽车站候车,一些人看起来非常焦虑、失望。根据语境可知,句子前后部分为并列关系,因此用and连接。
2.根据固定搭配解题
考生应该先根据上下文和句意推断出设空处的具体意思,然后根据熟记的短语来确定要填的词。在学习的过程中要注意对短语的归纳、积累、比较和记忆。
例13
the
same
time,they
warm
up
again
for
the
night.?
【剖析】
At 考查介词。at
the
same
time为固定搭配,意为“同时”。
3.根据句子结构解题
做语篇填空题时,经常会碰到一些长难句。首先,我们要抓住句子的主干,然后分析其他部分,这样解题的过程就简化了。
例14
I’d
skipped
nearby
Guilin,a
dream
place
for
tourists
seeking
the
limestone
mountain
tops
and
dark
waters
of
the
Li
River
are
pictured
by
artists
in
so
many
Chinese
paintings.?
【剖析】
that/which 考查对上下文语意关系的理解以及定语从句的掌握情况。分析句子结构可知,此处为定语从句,意为“被艺术家们所描绘的山水”。从句中缺少主语,并修饰事物,能修饰事物的关系代词有that和which。故此处的答案为that或which。
【语篇导读】每个少年心中或许都有一个太空梦,梦想着遨游在浩瀚的太空,遥望着蓝色的地球。也许不远的未来,这个梦会变成现实!
Want
to
see
16
sunrises
in
one
day?Float
in
zero
gravity?Be
one
of
the
few
to
have
watched
our
home
planet
from
space?
In
just
four
years’
time,and
for
$9.5
million,you
can.?
Aurora
Station,the
world’s
first
space
hotel,was
announced
at
the
Space
2.0
Summit
in
San
Jose,California.
Developed
by
US-based
space
technology
start-up
Orion
Span,the
space
station
will
host①
six
people
at
a
time,including
two
crew
members(机组人员),for
12-day
trips
of
space
travel.It
plans
to
welcome
its
first
guests
in
2022.
“Our
goal
is
to
make
space
possible
for
all,”
Frank
Bunger,CEO
and
founder
of
Orion
Span,said
in
a
statement.“Upon
take-off,Aurora
Station
goes
into
service②,bringing
travellers
into
space
quickly
and
at
a
lower
price
point
than
ever
seen
before.”
During
their
12-day
trips,the
travellers
will
fly
at
a
height
of
200
miles
above
the
Earth’s
surface
in
Low
Earth
Orbit(近地轨道),where
they
will
see
amazing
views③
of
the
blue
planet.
The
hotel
will
orbit
Earth
every
90
minutes,which
means
guests
will
see
around
16
sunrises
and
sunsets
every
24
hours.
Activities
on
board
include
taking
part
in
research
experiments
such
as
growing
food
while
in
orbit—which
guests
can
take
home
for
a
souvenir—and
flying
over
their
hometown.
Guests
can
have
live
video
conversations
with
their
loved
ones
back
home
and,upon
return
to
Earth,will
be
given
a
special
hero’s
welcome.
While
enjoying
the
excitement
of
zero
gravity,the
travellers
will
be
able
to
float
freely
through
the
hotel,taking
in
views
from
the
station’s
windows.?
Travelers
will
complete
a
three-month
Orion
Span
Astronaut
Certification
(OSAC)
program
before
take-off.Orion
Span
has
an
experienced
team
who
together
have
more
than
140
years
of
human
space
experience.
词海拾贝
①host
[h??st]
n.主人;主办人;(电视等的)节目主持人 v.招待(客人);主办(活动);主持(节目)
②service
[?s??vIs]
n.服务;服役,任职;为别人所采取的行动或工作,帮助
③view
[vju?]
n.视力;视野;风景;看法 v.观看;查看;认为,考虑
典句欣赏
①In
just
four
years’
time,and
for
$9.5
million,you
can.
仅在四年之内,花费950万美元,你就可以(遨游太空)了。
②While
enjoying
the
excitement
of
zero
gravity,the
travellers
will
be
able
to
float
freely
through
the
hotel,taking
in
views
from
the
station’s
windows.
在享受失重兴奋的同时,游客能够在旅馆里自由地飘动,透过空间站的窗子,把外面的美景尽收眼底。(共12张PPT)
Section
Ⅳ Writing
热点话题:传统文化
《普通高中英语课程标准》明确规定,中学生要具有跨文化意识,能够感知中外文化差异,坚定文化自信。通过中外文化对比,了解中外优秀文化,加深对中国文化的理解。当代中学生要具有家国情怀,能用所学的英语讲述中国故事,担负起传播中国优秀传统文化的任务。
因此,传统文化是近年来各地模拟题以及高考写作的热点话题。写作体裁以应用文为主,书信和邮件居多。写作形式以邀请信、推荐信、建议信为主,有时也会出现感谢信、演讲稿、海报等。写作内容均与学生的日常生活相关。
邀请信主要邀请外国朋友参加关于中国传统文化的各种活动,例如,讲座、展览、比赛、过节等;建议信以如何学习汉语、中国绘画、中国诗词、京剧等提出建议。
常用单词:
1.traditional
传统的
2.culture文化
3.custom
风俗
4.calligraphy书法
5.dumpling饺子
6.mooncake月饼
7.dynasty
朝代
8.historical
历史的
9.performance
表演
10.calendar
日历
常用词组:
1.Chinese
Painting中国画
2.make
dumplings包饺子
3.paper
cutting剪纸
4.hang
lanterns
挂灯笼
5.guess
lantern
riddles
猜灯谜
6.worship
the
moon赏月
7.Chinese
Summer
Camp汉语夏令营
8.Chinese
brush毛笔
9.the
lunar
calendar
阴历
10.Chinese
tea
culture
中国的茶文化
11.the
Mid-Autumn
Festival
中秋节
12.Traditional
Chinese
Medicine中医
13.Chinese
opera
performance
中国戏剧表演
14.Chinese
ancient
poetry
中国古诗词
15.have
a
better
understanding
of
更好地理解
16.broaden
horizons
开阔视野
17.cultural
exchange
program文化交流项目
18.enjoy
a
variety
of
delicious
foods
品尝各种美食
19.take
part
in
the
Chinese
Traditional
Art
Festival参加中国传统艺术节
20.participate
in
an
activity
themed
Beijing
Opera
参加以京剧为主题的活动
常用句式:
1.How
are
you
getting
along
with
your
Chinese
study
these
days?
你近期汉语学习进展如何?
2.询问近期生活学习情况的多种表达:
How
is
your...going
these
days?
How
are
you
getting
along
with...these
days?
How
is
everything
going?
3.I
am
writing
to
invite
you
to
watch
the
Chinese
Ancient
Poetry
Competition
for
high
school
students
of
our
city.
我写信是邀请你观看我市的高中生中国古代诗词比赛。
4.Most
of
the
students
think
highly
of
this
live
painting
competition.
大多数同学高度赞扬这次现场绘画比赛。
5.It
provides
a
platform
for
them
to
explore
the
beauty
of
China
and
experience
the
charm
of
Chinese
art.
这为他们提供了一个探索美丽中国、体验中华艺术魅力的平台。
6.Chinese
proverbs
are
summaries
of
people’s
wisdom
and
experience.
中国谚语是中华民族智慧和经验的缩影。
7.The
summer
camp
covers
a
wide
variety
of
cultural
activities,ranging
from
studying
Chinese
daily
expressions
to
attending
some
lectures
on
Chinese
history
and
traditional
culture.
夏令营有各种各样的文化活动,内容包括从学习日常汉语表达到参加关于中国历史和传统文化的讲座。
8.I
want
to
seize
this
opportunity
to
introduce
the
traditional
Chinese
painting
to
foreign
friends.
我想抓住这次机会向外宾介绍中国的传统绘画。
9.I
sincerely
hope
you
can
accept
our
invitation.
衷心希望你能接受我们的邀请。
假定你是李华。你的美国笔友Tom对中国文化有浓厚的兴趣。恰好你校今年暑假将为外国学生举办一场汉语夏令营(Chinese
Summer
Camp)活动,请你给他发一封电子邮件,邀请他来参加这一夏令营活动,内容包括:
1.夏令营的时间和地点;
2.夏令营的内容,如学习日常汉语、了解中国历史和传统文化、参观博物馆;
3.报名方式和截止日期。
Dear
Tom,
Yours,
Li
Hua
写作思路小结:
本题要求以李华的名义邀请笔友来中国参加汉语夏令营。根据文字提示,本文应该分为三段:
第一段:夏令营情况。得知Tom对中国文化感兴趣,邀请他来参加;
第二段:夏令营的具体安排,包括时间、内容等。内容包括学习日常汉语、了解中国历史和传统文化、参观博物馆;
第三段:报名方式和截止日期。注意报名方式通常是打电话报名或网上报名。
Dear
Tom,?
Here
comes
a
piece
of
good
news.Chinese
Summer
Camp,which
is
intended
for
international
students,is
going
to
be
held
in
my
school
this
summer
vacation.Since
you
are
interested
in
Chinese
culture,I’d
like
to
invite
you
to
join
it.
The
Camp
is
scheduled
to
last
11
days,from
July
18
to
July
28.It
covers
a
wide
variety
of
cultural
activities,ranging
from
studying
Chinese
daily
expressions
to
attending
some
lectures
on
Chinese
history
and
traditional
culture.In
addition,the
Camp
provides
a
chance
for
you
to
visit
some
famous
museums,which
is
the
best
way
to
learn
about
the
country.By
admiring
the
historical
relics,you
will
gain
a
better
understanding
of
the
country.
If
you
want
to
be
part
of
it,please
sign
up
for
it
before
July
2nd
at
the
website
of
my
school.
Looking
forward
to
your
early
reply.
Yours,
Li
Hua?(共21张PPT)
Section
Ⅲ Grammar
一、选出画线部分在句子中所作的状语类型
A.原因状语 B.让步状语 C.条件状语 D.结果状语
E.时间状语
1.Told
that
his
mother
was
ill,Li
Lei
hurried
home
quickly. ?
2.Broken
down
on
the
high
way,his
car
was
carried
away
by
the
police. ?
3.Given
a
few
minutes,I’ll
finish
it. ?
4.Explained
a
hundred
times,he
still
can’t
understand
it. ?
5.He
fell
off
a
tall
tree,his
leg
broken. ?
E
A
C
B
D
二、阅读课文“I
HAVE
SEEN
AMAZING
THINGS”,找出下列句子,并说出其中的过去分词(短语)所起的作用
1.My
first
visit
was
to
a
space
station
considered
the
most
modern
in
space.
过去分词短语considered
the
most
modern
in
space在句子中作 。?
2.Described
as
an
enormous
round
plate,it
spins
slowly
in
space
to
imitate
the
pull
of
the
earth’s
gravity.
过去分词短语described
as
an
enormous
round
plate在句子中作 。?
定语
状语
3.During
the
explanation
I
looked
at
the
pair
of
small
objects
called
“thoughtpads”
on
a
table.
过去分词短语called
“thoughtpads”在句子中作 。?
4.I
stared
at
the
moving
model
of
the
waste
machine,absorbed
by
its
efficiency.
过去分词短语absorbed
by
its
efficiency在句子中作 。?
定语
状语
三、同义句转换
1.Dressed
in
a
white
uniform,he
looks
more
like
a
cook
than
a
doctor.
in
a
white
uniform,he
looks
more
like
a
cook
than
a
doctor.?
2.Lost
in
thought,she
nearly
ran
into
a
tree.
in
thought,she
nearly
ran
into
a
tree.?
If/When
he
is
dressed
Because
she
was
lost
过去分词(3)
——过去分词作状语
一、过去分词做状语概述
过去分词作状语时,像动词-ing形式作状语一样,修饰谓语,很多都是用来说明动作发生的背景或情况,意义上相当于状语从句。一般来说,分词结构的逻辑主语就是主句的主语。过去分词作状语可以分为以下几种情况:
1.时间状语:表示时间,相当于一个时间状语从句,也可在过去分词前加上连词when,while,until等,使其时间意义更明确。
单句填空
① (see)from
the
hill,the
park
looks
very
beautiful.?
=When
it
is
seen
from
the
hill,the
park
looks
very
beautiful.
从山上看,这个公园非常美丽。
答案:Seen
② (tell)
that
he
had
to
give
up
his
chance
to
have
a
holiday,he
looked
rather
disappointed.?
=When
he
was
told
that
he
had
to
give
up
his
chance
to
have
a
holiday,he
looked
rather
disappointed.
当被告知他必须要放弃度假的机会时,他看起来相当的失望。
答案:Told
2.原因状语:表示原因,相当于一个原因状语从句。
单句填空
③ (order)
over
a
week
ago,the
books
are
expected
to
arrive
any
time
now.?
那些书是一周前订购的,应该随时都会送来。
答案:Ordered
④Deeply
(move)by
the
story,the
excited
people
stopped
quarrelling
with
each
other.?
激动的人们被那个故事深深地感动了,停止了互相争吵。
答案:moved
3.条件状语:可通过添加连词if,unless等转换成条件状语从句。
单句填空
⑤Ordinary
soap, (use)
correctly,can
deal
with
bacteria
effectively.?
只要正确使用,普通肥皂也能有效对付细菌。
答案:used
4.让步状语:有时可用although,though,even
if,even
though,whether...or等连词转换成让步状语从句。
单句填空
⑥Though
(warn)of
the
storm,the
farmers
were
still
working
in
the
fields.?
=Though
they
had
been
warned
of
the
storm,the
farmers
were
still
working
in
the
fields.
虽然农民们已被告知将有暴风雨,但他们仍然在地里干活。
答案:warned
5.方式伴随状语:表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明,加and可转换成并列结构。
单句填空
⑦The
teacher
entered
the
classroom, (follow)
by
a
group
of
students.?
=The
teacher
entered
the
classroom
and
he
was
followed
by
a
group
of
students.
那位老师走进教室,后面跟着一群学生。
答案:followed
6.“with+宾语+过去分词”的用法
(1)作原因状语。
(2)作时间状语。
(3)作方式状语。
(4)作条件状语。
阅读下列句子,指出“with+宾语+过去分词”结构在句子中作什么状语
⑧With
everything
bought,he
left
the
store
and
went
home.
所有的东西都买了后,他就离开商店回了家。
“with+宾语+过去分词”结构在句子中作 状语。?
答案:时间
⑨With
his
son
caught
stealing
goods
from
the
store,he
felt
disappointed.
因儿子从商店里偷东西被抓住,他感到很失望。
“with+宾语+过去分词”结构在句子中作 状语。?
答案:原因
⑩The
murderer
was
brought
in,with
his
hands
tied
behind
his
back.
谋杀犯被带进来了,他的双手被绑在背后。
“with+宾语+过去分词”结构在句子中作 状语。?
答案:方式
11
With
water
heated,we
can
see
the
steam.
水一被加热我们就能看到水蒸气。
“with+宾语+过去分词”结构在句子中作 状语。?
答案:条件
注意
动词-ing形式也可用作宾语补足语,但动词-ing形式与过去分词作宾语补足语时含义不同:一般来说,过去分词作宾语补足语时,过去分词与宾语之间为动宾关系;动词-ing形式作宾语补足语时,动词-ing形式与宾语之间为主谓关系。
单句填空
12
I
can’t
put
my
heart
into
study
with
so
much
noise
(go)
on.?
噪音这么大,我不能专心学习。
答案:going
13
With
the
problem
(settle),he
felt
quite
relaxed.?
问题解决了,他感到非常轻松。
答案:settled
二、过去分词作状语的注意点
1.过去分词作状语时,前面往往可带有when,if,while,though,even
if等连词,这样就能使过去分词所表示的意义更加明确。这种带有连词的过去分词结构通常可看作是一种省略句,句中省略的部分是“主语+be动词的相应变化形式”,省略的主语通常与主句的主语相同。
单句填空
14
Though
defeated
for
a
second
time,he
still
didn’t
give
in.
=Though
(be)
defeated
for
a
second
time,he
still
didn’t
give
in.?
他虽然又一次被击败了,但仍不屈服。
答案:he
was
15
Even
if
invited,I
won’t
go.
=Even
if
(be)
invited,I
won’t
go.?
即使被邀请,我也不去。
答案:I
am
2.过去分词作状语时,有时它的逻辑主语不是主句的主语,而是不同于主句主语的名词,构成“过去分词独立结构”。过去分词独立结构可在句中作状语,表示时间、条件、伴随状况等。
16
The
house
painted
white,we
liked
it
better.
那所房子漆成白色后,我们更加喜欢它了。(共75张PPT)
Unit
3
Life
in
the
future
主题语境:人与社会——科学与技术
【语篇导读】未来的城市将会是什么样子,我们无从知晓,但是我们可以大胆畅想,理性规划,用我们的智慧定义一个宜居的未来城市。
The
smart①
city
vision(愿景)
is
well
known
across
the
globe.What
will
smart
cities
look
like
and
how
will
they
work?We
all
wonder!
Future
smart
cities
appear
in
our
minds
with
super-high
buildings,flying
cars
and
a
greener
environment.While
smart
city
visions
differ,in
the
coming
decades,cities
will
become
a
digital
blanket.
One
of
the
most
shared
visions
of
what
could
be
a
smart
city
includes
traffic
control,environmental
protection,management
of
energy,healthcare,security
and
connected
buildings.
Smart
city
visions
also
rely
on
new
technology
which
can
collect
a
lot
of
information
in
a
timely
manner②.
The
amount
of
information
on
the
Internet
is
expected
to
grow
in
a
big
way.However,because
of
the
relationship
between
Internet
service
providers,several
problems
around
privacy
have
to
be
considered.?
The
first
item
on
our
wish
list
for
a
smart
city:self-driving
cars!First,we
have
to
keep
in
mind
that
they
will
require
special
roads.The
cars
will
need
to
communicate
not
only
with
each
other
but
also
with
the
city
infrastructure.Charging
stations
will
also
have
to
be
built.Big
parts
of
the
physical
infrastructure
we
know
today
will
be
digitalized
in
order
to
make
the
dream
come
true!?
All
the
information
collected
will
lead
to
decisions
for
a
better
use
of
space,energy,water,and
electricity.For
example,being
able
to
forecast
traffic
jams
and
provide
another
way
for
drivers
will
help
to
save
time.
Another
smart
technology
is
solar
products
that
use
solar
energy
allowing
streets
to
power
themselves
without
using
electricity.
The
switch
to
smart
infrastructure
is
not
simply
fashionable.In
many
ways,it
appears
to
be
a
main
part
of
the
future
of
smart
cities.We
can
now
outline③
an
affordable
future
smart
city
vision
for
the
citizens
who
will
live
in
it.
词海拾贝
①smart
[sm??t]
adj.整洁漂亮的,衣着讲究的,时髦的;思维敏捷的,伶俐的;有力的,猛烈的
②manner
[?m?n?]
n.方式,方法;态度;礼貌,规矩
③outline
[???tlain]
vt.画出……轮廓;概述,列大纲 n.提纲,要点,概要;外形,轮廓,略图
典句欣赏
1.Smart
city
visions
also
rely
on
new
technology
which
can
collect
a
lot
of
information
in
a
timely
manner.
智慧城市的愿景也依赖于能够及时收集大量信息的新技术。
2.The
cars
will
need
to
communicate
not
only
with
each
other
but
also
with
the
city
infrastructure.
这些汽车不仅需要相互交流,还需要与城市基础设施进行沟通。
理解诱思
1.What
is
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.Super-high
Buildings
B.Visions
of
the
Future
of
Smart
Cities
C.Self-driving
Cars
D.The
City
Infrastructures
2.What
will
smart
cities
look
like?
答案:1.B
2.Future
smart
cities
should
be
with
super-high
buildings,flying
cars
and
a
greener
environment.The
first
item
on
our
wish
list
for
a
smart
city
is
a
self-driving
car!Another
smart
technology
is
solar
products.
Section
Ⅰ Warming
Up,Pre-reading,Reading
&
Comprehending
Pre-reading
一、请从以下几个方面描述你未来的生活
1.Future
food:
2.Future
traffic:
3.Future
clothing:
答案:略
二、词义匹配
A B
1.impression
a.happening
a
lot
or
all
the
time
2.constant
b.hoping
or
believing
that
good
things
will
happen
3.previous
c.an
idea
or
opinion
of
what
something
is
like
4.lack
d.happening
or
existing
before
something
or
someone
else
5.optimistic
e.the
fact
that
something
is
not
enough
of
it
答案:1.c 2.a 3.d 4.e 5.b
三、短语识义
1.sweep
up
?
2.slide
into
?
3.be
back
on
one’s
feet
?
4.take
up
?
5.lose
sight
of...
?
打扫;横扫
(快捷而悄声地)移动;溜进……
(困境后)恢复;完全复原
拿起;接受;开始;继续
看不见……
四、词汇延伸
1.impression
n.印象;感想;印记→
vt.给……留下深刻印象?
2.uncertain
adj.不确切的;无把握的→反义词:
adj.确切的;有把握的?
3.constant
adj.时常发生的;连续不断的→
adv.时常发生地?
4.surroundings
n.周围的事物;环境→surrounding
adj.周围的→
vt.围绕;环绕?
impress
certain
constantly
surround
五、结合自己的实际情况,回答下列问题
1.Do
you
think
living
under
the
sea
is
possible?
2.Where
are
you
going
to
live
under
the
sea?
3.In
the
undersea
cities,what
kind
of
equipment
do
you
think
is
necessary?
4.What
changes
do
you
expect
to
see
in
your
life
in
one
thousand
years’
time?
5.Make
a
list
of
the
problems
human
beings
are
facing
today.
答案:1~4
略
5.Human
beings
are
facing
many
problems
such
as
the
housing
problem,the
population
problem,the
pollution
problem,the
global
warming
problem
/greenhouse
effect,the
traffic
problem,the
hunger
problem
and
so
on.
While-reading
六、阅读课文“FIRST
IMPRESSIONS”,把下列句子重新排序
a.We
were
transported
into
the
future
by
a
comfortable
time
capsule.
b.I
arrived
at
Wang
Ping’s
home
and
everything
in
his
house
made
me
surprised.
c.I
won
a
travel
to
the
year
AD
3008.
d.I
had
my
first
try
to
master
a
hovering
carriage.
, , , ?
答案:c,a,b,d
七、阅读课文“FIRST
IMPRESSIONS”,回答下列问题
1.Why
did
Li
Qiang
suffer
from
“time
lag”?
A.Because
he
took
up
his
prize
that
he
won
the
year
before.
B.Because
he
didn’t
like
the
year
AD
3008.
C.Because
he
was
unsettled
for
the
first
few
days
during
the
journey.
D.Because
he
often
suffered
from
“jet
lag”.
答案:C
2.What’s
the
main
idea
of
Para.1?
A.My
impressions
of
life
one
thousand
years
in
the
future.
B.Staying
in
Wang
Ping’s
home.
C.A
pleasant
journey.
D.How
I
came
to
take
a
time
travel
journey.
答案:D
3.When
Li
Qiang
was
in
the
new
surroundings,what
happened
to
him?
A.He
had
a
car
accident.
B.He
had
a
headache.
C.He
kept
on
breathing
fresh
air.
D.He
bought
a
new
car.
4.What
did
the
trees
provide
for
the
room?
A.Oxygen. B.Food. C.Fruits.
D.Furniture.
答案:A
答案:B
Post-reading
八、阅读课文“FIRST
IMPRESSIONS”,完成下列短文(每空最多三个词)
Unbelievably,I
travelled
to
the
year
AD
3008
in
a
time
capsule.
1. (be)
my
first
time
trip,I
was
worried
and
also
suffered
2.
“time
lag”.Besides,3. (hit)
by
the
lack
of
fresh
air,I
became
4. (unsettle).Wang
Ping,my
understanding
guide,gave
me
some
green
tablets
and
a
mask
5. (help)
me
overcome
the
problems.?
Being
from
hit
unsettled
to
help
To
experience
something
new,I
flew
above
the
ground
in
a
hovering
carriage.6.
soon
as
I
arrived
home,I
7. (show)
into
a
large,bright
clean
room
with
a
wall
of
8. (tree).Wang
Ping
spread
some
food
on
the
table,and
produced
9.
bed
from
the
floor.I
had
a
brief
meal
and
a
hot
bath.10.
(exhaust),I
slid
into
bed
and
fell
asleep
fast.?
As
was
shown
trees
a
Exhausted
1.Below
are
some
of
the
main
aspects
of
life
today.(P17)
下面是当今生活的主要方面。
剖析本句是一个倒装句,句子的主语是some
of
the
main
aspects
of
life
today。句子的正常语序是:Some
of
the
main
aspects
of
life
today
are
below.注意:当here,there,below,above,up,down,away,off,now,then等表示方位的副词或介词位于句首时,如果句子的主语是名词,则句子要用全部倒装语序。
①Present
at
the
party
were
Mr.Green
and
many
other
guests.
出席晚会的有格林先生,还有许多别的宾客。
②There
goes
the
bell.
铃响了。
③Above
the
blackboard
is
a
picture
of
the
Great
Wall.
黑板上方有一幅长城的画。
★考点 aspect
n.
方面;层面
④【高考典句】(2020·全国Ⅱ高考)In
which
aspect
do
children
benefit
from
puzzle
play?
孩子们在拼图游戏的哪个方面有所收获呢?
⑤While
high
school
does
not
generally
encourage
students
to
explore
new
aspects
of
life,college
sets
the
stage
for
that
exploration.
虽然高中没有鼓励学生探索生活中的一些新方面,但是大学为那种探索设置了平台。
归纳aspect作“方面;层面”讲时是可数名词。
考点延伸
(1)阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的含义
⑥We
should
do
what
we
can
to
change
the
aspect
of
this
area.
含义
面貌
⑦Are
you
afraid
of
that
man’s
aspect?
含义
外表
(2)aspect的相关短语
from
every
aspect从各个方面
in
this
aspect在这一方面
2.FIRST
IMPRESSIONS(P17)
第一印象
★考点 impression
n.
印象;感想;印记
①It
is
said
that
body
language
accounts
for
55
per
cent
of
a
first
impression
while
what
you
say
just
7
per
cent.
据说肢体语言占第一印象的55%,而你说的只占7%。
考点延伸
(1)阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的搭配及含义
②I
am
sure
the
film
made/left
an
impression
on
everybody
who
saw
it.
搭配
make/leave
an
impression
on?
含义
给……留下印象
③My
father
impressed
the
value
of
hard
work
on
me.
搭配
impress
sth.on/upon
sb. 含义
使某人铭记某事?
(2)阅读下面句子,指出黑体词的词性及含义
④I
was
impressed
to
see
my
dad
and
Uncle
Paul
riding
horses.
词性
动词 含义
留下印象
make/leave
an
impression
on
给……留下印象
impress
sth.on/upon
sb.使某人铭记某事物
impress
sb.with
sth.使某人铭记某事物
be
impressed
by/at/with
对……印象深刻
3.I
still
cannot
believe
that
I
am
taking
up
this
prize
that
I
won
last
year.(P17)
我还是无法相信我是在接受去年获得的这个奖励。
★考点 take
up
拿起;接受;开始;继续
①The
people
were
quick
to
take
up
arms
to
defend
their
freedom.
人们迅速拿起武器来捍卫他们的自由。
②She
took
up
his
offer
of
a
drink.
他请她喝一杯,她接受了。
③At
the
age
of
sixty
he
took
up
the
study
of
Russian.
在六十岁时他开始学习俄语。
④The
teacher
took
up
the
story
at
the
point
where
she
stopped
just
now.
老师接着她刚才停下的地方继续讲这个故事。
考点延伸
阅读下列句子,指出黑体词组的含义
⑤The
sofa
takes
up
too
much
room.
含义
占据(空间)
⑥I
won’t
take
up
much
of
your
time.
含义
占用(时间)
⑦All
the
other
children
in
the
bus
took
up
the
song.
含义
参与(一起唱,一起说)
take
up
拿起;接受;开始;继续;占据(空间、时间);参与(一起唱,一起说)
take
back
带回,取回
take
on呈现;承担
take
down写下,记下
take
after
(长得)像
take
in收留
take
off脱下;起飞
take
over接管;继承
4.This
is
similar
to
the
“jet
lag”
you
get
from
flying,but
it
seems
you
keep
getting
flashbacks
from
your
previous
time
period.(P17)
这就与你乘坐飞机会产生时差反应相似,但不同的是,在你的脑子里似乎会不断地闪现以前的时光。
剖析本句是一个含有定语从句的复合句。you
get
from
flying做定语修饰the
“jet
lag”,关系代词that/which因在从句中做宾语被省略。
①The
experience
(that/which)
you
have
learned
from
your
teachers
is
of
great
use.
你从老师那儿学到的经验是非常有用的。
★考点 previous
adj.
在前的;早先的
②Summarize
the
previous
paragraphs.
概括总结前面的几段。
③Later
I
decided
to
apply
my
previous
experience
to
learning
how
to
read
and
write.
后来,我决定把我以前的经验运用到学习如何阅读和写作上。
归纳previous
to=before,意为“在……之前”。
考点延伸
(1)阅读下面句子,指出黑体词的词性及含义
④The
building
had
previously
been
used
as
a
hotel.
词性
副词 含义
以前;早先
(2)阅读下列句子,指出previous与former的不同用法
⑤No
previous
experience
is
necessary
for
this
job.
previous
指在时间或顺序上早于某人、物、事件或行动。
⑥His
former
classmate
is
a
famous
scientist
now.
former是latter的反义词,意为“以前的;前者的”,强调前后的对比。
5.However,my
friend
and
guide,Wang
Ping,was
very
understanding
and
gave
me
some
green
tablets
which
helped
a
lot.(P18)
但是我的朋友兼导游王平很细心体贴,他给了我几粒绿色药片,倒是挺起作用的。
剖析本句中Wang
Ping是my
friend
and
guide的同位语;which
helped
a
lot是一个定语从句,修饰先行词tablets。
①Her
owner
Mike
Holden
panicked
and
called
the
coastguard
of
Cornwall,who
turned
up
in
seconds.
她的主人麦克·霍顿害怕了,给康沃尔的海岸警卫队打了电话,他们数秒钟之内就赶到了。
②Two
of
the
authors
also
made
a
study
which
showed
a
mere
five
to
10
minutes
a
day
of
running
reduced
the
risk
of
heart
disease
and
early
deaths
from
all
causes.
其中的两位作者还进行了一项研究,该研究表明每天仅有5到10分钟的跑步就能减少心脏病和其他原因引起的过早死亡的风险。
6.At
first
my
new
surroundings
were
difficult
to
tolerate.(P18)
开始的时候,新的环境让我难以忍受。
剖析本句是一个“主语+系动词+形容词+to
do”结构。注意:在该结构中主语与不定式之间为被动关系,但形式上却用主动形式表示被动意义。
①People
settle
in
these
places
because
they
are
easy
to
get
to.
人们在这些地方定居下来是因为这些地方容易到达。
②The
instructions
were
hard
to
follow.
这些指示很难(被)遵从。
★考点一 surrounding
adj.
周围的 surroundings
n.
周围的事物;环境
③The
farm
and
surrounding
area
was
flooded.
农场和周围的地区遭洪水淹没。
④Why
do
the
hikers
take
no
notice
of
the
surroundings
during
the
journey?
为什么远足的人旅途中没有注意到周边环境?
考点延伸
阅读下面句子,指出黑体词的词性及含义
⑤We’ve
all
been
there:in
a
lift,in
line
at
the
bank
or
on
an
airplane,surrounded
by
people
who
are,like
us,deeply
focused
on
their
smartphones...
词性
动词 含义
包围;环绕
★考点二 tolerate
vt.容忍;忍受
⑥Lying
is
something
that
I
will
not
tolerate.
撒谎是我所不能容忍的。
⑦Investors
who
cannot
tolerate
any
volatility
will
look
no
further
than
a
money
fund.
对无法容忍任何波动的投资者来说,货币基金会是最好的选择。
考点延伸
(1)阅读下面句子,指出黑体词的搭配及含义
⑧A
tough
man
can
tolerate
suffering.
搭配
tolerate
doing
sth. 含义
容忍做某事?
(2)阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的词性及含义
⑨People
who
have
personality
traits(特征)
that
connect
with
competitiveness
and
low
upset
tolerance
are
much
more
likely
to
get
angry.
词性
名词 含义
容忍;忍耐力
⑩Instead
of
blaming
the
child
who
had
broken
the
vase,she
gave
him
a
tolerant
smile
and
let
him
go.
词性
形容词 含义
宽容的;容忍的
tolerate
doing
sth.容忍做某事
tolerance
n.
容忍;忍耐力
tolerant
adj.
宽容的;容忍的
7.Hit
by
a
lack
of
fresh
air,my
head
ached.(P18)
由于缺乏新鲜空气,我感到头痛。
剖析过去分词短语hit
by
a
lack
of
fresh
air在句子中做原因状语。
①Beaten
today
in
the
basketball
match,we
were
all
very
disappointed.
因为今天输掉了篮球赛,我们都很沮丧。
★考点 lack
n.缺乏;短缺的东西
②Is
lack
of
sleep
making
you
fat?
睡眠不足会使你变胖吗?
考点延伸
(1)阅读下面句子,指出黑体词的词性及含义
③The
real
museum
lacked
enough
artwork
to
interest
her.
词性
动词 含义
缺乏
(2)阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的搭配及含义
④My
main
grumble
is
about
the
lack
of
privacy.
搭配
the
lack
of 含义
缺乏……?
⑤Nowadays,every
family
in
the
village
has
no
lack
of
food.
搭配
have
no
lack
of 含义
不缺少……?
⑥They
are
so
rich
that
they
lack
for
nothing.
搭配
lack
for
nothing 含义
什么也不缺?
⑦The
room
is
lacking
in
colour.
搭配
be
lacking
in 含义
在……方面不足?
lack
of缺乏……
have
no
lack
of不缺少……
lack
for
nothing什么也不缺
be
lacking
in在……方面不足
8.However,I
lost
sight
of
Wang
Ping
when
we
reached
what
looked
like
a
large
market
because
of
too
many
carriages
flying
by
in
all
directions.(P18)
可是,当我们到达一个看上去像是大市场的地方时,由于太多车子朝四面八方飞奔,我看不见王平了。
剖析本句为复合句。其中when
we
reached...是一个由when引导的时间状语从句,修饰主句I
lost
sight
of
Wang
Ping。what
looked
like
a
large
market是what引导的从句,作reached的宾语。what在宾语从句中常充当主语、宾语和表语。flying
by
in
all
directions为动词-ing短语做后置定语,修饰名词
carriages。
①I’m
not
sure
about
what
will
be
done
next.
我不清楚下一步要做什么。
②It
was
several
minutes
before
I
took
in
what
he
was
saying.
过了好几分钟,我才理解他说的是什么。
★考点 lose
sight
of...看不见……
③In
a
very
real
sense
light
pollution
causes
us
to
lose
sight
of
our
true
place
in
the
universe.
确实无疑,光污染使得我们看不清我们在宇宙中真正的位置。
考点延伸
阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的搭配及含义
④He’s
losing
his
sight.
搭配
lose
one’s
sight 含义
失明?
⑤I
caught
sight
of
her
hurrying
away
but
I
didn’t
speak
to
her.
搭配
catch
sight
of 含义
看见?
⑥We
fell
in
love
with
the
computer
at
first
sight,but
much
to
our
regret,it
was
too
dear.
搭配
at
first
sight 含义
初看?
⑦We
may
think
we’re
a
culture
that
gets
rid
of
our
worn
technology
at
the
first
sight
of
something
shiny
and
new...
搭配
at
the
sight
of 含义
一看见?
⑧Two
ships
came
into
sight.
搭配
come
into
sight 含义
进入视野?
⑨The
end
is
in
sight.
搭配
in
sight 含义
在视野内?
⑩After
a
while
Uncle
Paul
and
his
farm
house
were
out
of
sight.
搭配
out
of
sight 含义
看不见,在视野之外?
lose
sight
of...看不见……
lose
one’s
sight失明
catch
sight
of看见
at
first
sight初看之下
at
the
sight
of一看见
come
into
sight进入视野
in
sight在视野内
out
of
sight看不见,在视野之外
9.He
was
swept
up
into
the
centre
of
them.(P18)
他被卷入到这群车队中去了。
★考点 sweep
up打扫;横扫
①We
were
left
to
sweep
up
the
room
after
the
party.
聚会后我们被留下来打扫房间。
②The
strong
wind
swept
up
the
leaves
off
the
street.
大风横扫了街上的树叶。
考点延伸
阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的词性及含义
③His
eyes
swept
the
sky,searching
for
signs
of
rain.
词性
动词 含义
(目光)扫视
④Rumours
of
his
resignation
swept
through
the
company.
词性
动词 含义
迅速传播
⑤The
cooling
wind
swept
through
our
bedroom
windows,making
air
conditioning
unnecessary.
词性
动词 含义
掠过,吹过
⑥The
room
needs
a
good
sweep.
词性
名词 含义
打扫;扫除
一、写作词汇检测
根据每一组提示词,完成或翻译下列句子
1.lack
He
was
clever
but
the
chance
to
show
himself.?
答案:lacked
2.lose
sight
of
My
friends
went
into
the
house
and
I
them.?
答案:lost
sight
of
3.take
up
做英语作业花费了一个下午的时间。
答案:Doing
English
homework
took
up
the
whole
afternoon.
4.tolerate
我不能容忍他的粗鲁行为。
答案:I
can’t
tolerate
his
rudeness.
二、阅读词汇检测
阅读下列句子,指出黑体词或词组的含义
1.His
report
was
so
exciting
that
it
was
constantly
interrupted
by
applause(掌声).
含义
?
答案:不断地
2.We’re
sure
it
won’t
be
long
before
you
are
back
on
your
feet.
含义
?
答案:恢复;康复
3.The
young
man
had
to
make
a
quick
adjustment
to
his
new
surroundings.
含义
?
答案:适应
4.Climate
and
weather
affect
every
aspect
of
our
lives.
含义
?
答案:方面
5.Smoking
in
this
railway
carriage
is
not
allowed.
含义
?
答案:车厢
三、完成句子
1.我对他的印象很好。
I
of
him.?
答案:have
a
good
impression
2.他拿起笔,写下他的名字。
He
his
pen
and
wrote
his
name.?
答案:took
up
3.请提醒你的朋友们早点出发。
Please
? set
off
early.?
答案:remind
your
friends
to
4.这次事故发生在我到达之前。
The
accident
happened
my
arrival.?
答案:previous
to
5.学校不容许作弊。
The
school
cannot
on
exams.?
答案:tolerate
cheating(共39张PPT)
Section
Ⅱ Learning
about
Language,Using
Language,Summing
Up
&
Learning
Tip
一、词义匹配
A B
1.typist a.a
small
part
of
a
machine
that
you
press
to
make
it
work
2.button
b.wanting
more
money,food,etc.than
needed
3.instant
c.the
part
of
a
telephone
you
hold
close
to
your
mouth
and
ear
4.receiver
d.a
container
for
holding
waste
5.recycle
e.things
produced
to
be
sold
6.dustbin
f.to
put
used
objects
into
use
7.greedy
g.someone
who
works
in
an
office
typing
letters,etc.
8.goods
h.happening
immediately
答案:1.g 2.a 3.h 4.c 5.f 6.d 7.b 8.e
二、词汇延伸
1.typist
n.打字员→
vt.打字?
2.greedy
adj.贪吃的;贪婪的;贪心的→
n.贪心?
3.settlement
n.定居;解决→
v.定居;解决?
4.mud
n.泥(浆)→
adj.泥泞的;浑浊的?
5.motivation
n.动机→
vt.使产生动机;激发?
type
greed
settle
muddy
motivate
三、阅读课文“I
HAVE
SEEN
AMAZING
THINGS”,写出作者在太空站所参观的事物
1.?
2.?
3.?
答案:1.One
of
the
latest
forms
of
communication/“thoughtpads”.
2.The
“environment
area”./A
waste
machine.
3.The
changes
that
have
happened
to
work
practices./Robots
performing
various
tasks
in
space./Robots
manufacturing
on
space
stations.
四、阅读课文“I
HAVE
SEEN
AMAZING
THINGS”,回答下列问题
1.Why
does
the
space
station
spin
slowly
in
space?
A.To
look
more
beautiful.
B.To
look
for
something
worth
researching.
C.To
imitate
the
pull
of
the
earth’s
gravity.
D.To
get
away
from
the
earth’s
gravity.
2.How
do
the
space
citizens
send
their
messages?
A.By
using
a
typewriter.
B.By
using
letters.
C.By
using
postcards.
D.By
using
a
“thoughtpad”.
答案:C
答案:D
3.It
can
be
inferred
from
the
passage
that
in
the
31st
century
.?
A.no
rubbish
will
be
produced
B.the
environment
will
become
better
C.there
will
be
no
desert
D.people
can
use
plastic
bags
within
limits
4.Who
will
take
the
place
of
the
workers
in
the
31st
century?
A.The
robots.
B.The
managers.
C.The
spacemen.
D.The
spaceships.
答案:A
答案:B
五、阅读课文“I
HAVE
SEEN
AMAZING
THINGS”,完成下列短文
The
space
station
the
first
time
I
visited
was
considered
1.
most
modern
in
space.2. (describe)
as
an
enormous
round
plate,the
station,with
an
exhibition
of
the
most
up-to-date
inventions
of
the
31st
century
inside,spins
3. (slow)
in
space
to
imitate
the
pull
of
the
earth’s
gravity.?
With
a
guide
4. (show)
us
around
along
a
moveable
path,we
first
viewed
one
of
the
latest
5.
(form)
of
communication
among
the
space
citizens.They
use
a
“thoughtpad”
to
send
messages,which
is
quick,efficient
and
environmentally
friendly.The
only
imitation
is
if
the
user
does
not
think
his
or
her
message
clearly,an
unclear
message
may
be
sent.?
the
Described
slowly
showing
forms
And
then
in
the
“environment
area”,a
giant
machine,always
greedy
6. more,swallows
all
the
waste
available,which
is
turned
into
several
grades
of
useful
material.So
nothing
is
wasted,and
everything,even
plastic
bags,7.
(recycle).?
At
last,the
guide
showed
the
changes
8.
(happen)
in
work
practices.Manufacturing
only
takes
place
on
space
stations.9. ,the
representatives
of
the
companies
have
to
be
trained
10. (live)
and
work
in
space
settlements,who
have
to
monitor
the
robots
and
the
production.?
for
is
recycled
happening
However
to
live
1.When
we
wanted
the
hovering
carriage
to
speed
up,we
pressed
down
hard
on
the
driving
pedal
and
bent
over
in
the
direction
we
wanted
to
go.(P20)
当我们想让盘旋的气垫车加速时,我们使劲踩下驾驶踏板,并驶向我们想去的方向。
剖析本句是一个复合句,when引导一个时间状语从句。hovering做定语修饰名词carriage。
①When
we
entered
the
room,we
were
reminded
not
to
wake
up
the
sleeping
baby.
当我们进入房间时,我们被提醒不要吵醒睡觉的婴儿。
★考点 speed
up加速
②【高考典句】(2020·全国Ⅰ高考)They
will
speed
up
energy
production.
它们会加速能源生产。
考点延伸
阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的搭配及含义
③The
train
is
running
at
a
speed
of
ninety
kilometres
an
hour.
搭配
at
a
speed
of 含义
以……的速度?
④They
moved
a
rock
aside
from
the
road
with
great
speed.
搭配
with
great
speed 含义
快速地?
⑤A
car
ran
past
at
full/top
speed.
搭配
at
full/top
speed 含义
全速地?
⑥You
should
always
keep
to
the
speed
limit.
搭配
speed
limit 含义
车速限制;最高车速?
⑦For
most
of
the
last
century,the
car
represented
what
it
meant
to
be
American—going
forward
at
high
speed
to
find
new
worlds.
搭配
at
high
speed 含义
高速地?
speed
up加速
at
a
speed
of以……的速度
with
great
speed快速地
at
full/top
speed全速地
speed
limit车速限制;最高车速
at
high
speed高速地
2.My
first
visit
was
to
a
space
station
considered
the
most
modern
in
space.(P22)
我首先参观的是一个太空站,这个站被认为是太空中最现代化的地方。
剖析过去分词短语considered
the
most
modern
in
space做定语,修饰a
space
station,可以改为定语从句:that/which
was
considered
the
most
modern
in
space。过去分词做定语时,表示被动或完成。
①The
lecture
given
by
Professor
Zhang
was
about
environment
protection.
=The
lecture
that/which
was
given
by
Professor
Zhang
was
about
environment
protection.
张教授所做的报告是关于环境保护的。
②Have
you
read
the
books
written
by
the
young
writer?
=Have
you
read
the
books
that/which
were
written
by
the
young
writer?
你读过那位年轻作家写的书吗?
★考点 consider
vt.考虑,认为
③【高考典句】(2020·江苏高考)It
is
generally
considered
unwise
to
give
a
child
whatever
he
or
she
wants.
人们普遍认为,孩子想要什么就给什么的做法是不理智的。
④Better
yet,you
might
even
consider
throwing
a
get-together
in
their
honour.
更好的是,为了表示对他们的敬意,你甚至可以考虑组织一次聚会。
⑤She
considered
herself
a
superb
tennis
player.
她认为她自己是超级网球手。
3.Our
third
stop
shows
the
changes
that
have
happened
to
work
practices.(P22)
第三站要展示给我们的是工作实践方面的一些变化。
剖析本句是一个复合句,其中that引导的是一个定语从句,修饰先行词the
changes。
①With
a
code
book,you
might
write
down
words
that
would
stand
for
other
words.
有了密码本,你可能写下代表其他词的单词。
②This
is
one
of
the
most
exciting
football
games
that
I
have
ever
seen.
这是我见过的最激动人心的足球比赛之一。
③Is
there
anything
that
you
want
to
buy
in
town?
你有什么东西要在城里买吗?
在先行词是物的限制性定语从句中,that和which一般可互换;只能用that,不能用which引导定语从句的情况如下:
(1)先行词是不定代词或者先行词被不定代词所修饰时,关系代词通常只用that,不用which。
(2)先行词被序数词、形容词最高级、the
only、the
very、the
last等修饰时,关系代词通常只用that,不用which。
(3)先行词既有人又有物时,关系代词只用that,不用which。
(4)关系代词在限制性定语从句中做表语并带有类比含义时,通常只用that,不用which。
(5)句中其他位置已出现which,为避免重复,不用which而用that引导限制性定语从句。
4.However,the
companies
have
to
train
their
representatives
to
live
and
work
in
space
settlements.(P22)
但是,这些公司必须对他们的代表进行培训,使其能在太空中生活和工作。
★考点一 representative
n.
代表;典型人物
adj.
典型的;有代表性的
①She
is
our
sales
representative
in
Shanghai.
她是我们公司驻上海的销售代表。
②In
his
study,Mr.Blaire
used
data
from
a
nationally
representative
experiment.
在他的研究中,布莱尔先生采用了一项有全国代表性的实验的数据。
考点延伸
(1)阅读下面句子,指出黑体词的搭配及含义
③The
painting
is
not
representative
of
his
work
of
that
period.
搭配
be
representative
of 含义
是……的代表,代表……?
(2)阅读下面句子,指出黑体词的词性及含义
④(2020·全国Ⅱ高考)They
represent
the
promise
of
spring
and
a
renewal
of
life.
词性
动词 含义
代表
be
representative
of
是……的代表,代表……
represent
v.
代表
★考点二 settlement
n.
定居;解决
⑤When
did
their
settlement
here
begin?
他们是什么时候开始在这儿定居的?
⑥At
present
there’s
no
settlement
of
this
disagreement.
目前这次争吵还没有解决。
考点延伸
(1)阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的含义
⑦He
took
up
his
settlement
in
a
new
house.
含义
定居
⑧All
hopes
of
a
peaceful
settlement
were
destroyed
by
his
speech.
含义
(解决某事物的)协议
归纳settlement作“定居;解决”
讲时是不可数名词。作“定居点;(解决纷争的)协议”讲时是可数名词。
(2)阅读下面句子,指出黑体词的词组及含义
⑨They
failed
to
reach
a
settlement,because
they
disagreed
too
much
with
each
other.
词组
reach
a
settlement 含义
达成和解?
(3)阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的词性及含义
⑩We
are
pleased
to
see
the
problem
settled
so
quickly.
词性
动词 含义
解决
11
We
will
settle
the
problem
right
away.
词性
动词 含义
处理
12
He
settled
in
that
country
after
his
retirement.
词性
动词 含义
定居
settlement
n.
定居;定居点;解决;解决办法
reach
a
settlement
达成和解
settle
v.
解决;处理;定居
5.My
motivation
increased
as
I
thought
of
the
wonderful
world
of
the
future.(P22)
当我想到这个奇妙的未来世界时,我兴趣倍增,干劲十足!
★考点 motivation
n.
刺激;动机;积极性;干劲
①For
some
reason,the
boss
didn’t
want
to
hire
new
employees
with
the
same
level
of
skills
and
motivation
as
those
she
used
to
hire.
出于某些原因,这位老板不想雇用与她过去招聘的员工具有相同技能水平和积极性的新员工。
②They
lacked
the
motivation
to
study.
他们缺乏学习的积极性。
考点延伸
(1)阅读下面句子,指出黑体词的搭配及含义
③So
far,he
hasn’t
had
the
motivation
to
take
part
in
the
match.
搭配
have
the
motivation
to
do
sth. 含义
有做某事的积极性?
(2)阅读下面句子,指出黑体词的词性及含义
④This
will
motivate
you
much
more
than
small
goals.
词性
动词 含义
激发……的动机
have
the
motivation
to
do
sth.有做某事的积极性
motivate
vt.
激发……的动机
一、写作词汇检测
根据每一组的提示词,完成或翻译下列句子
1.instant
(1)It
is
an
recognized
face.?
(2)就在那时,老师走进了教室。
答案:(1)instantly (2)At
that
instant,the
teacher
walked
into
the
classroom.
2.representative
(1)My
only
aim
is
to
our
country
to
take
part
in
the
Olympics.?
(2)这个问题非常典型。
答案:(1)represent (2)This
question
is
very
representative.
3.settlement
(1)The
village
is
a
of
just
fifty
houses.?
(2)罢工的人已同雇主达成协议。
答案:(1)settlement (2)The
strikers
have
reached
a
settlement
with
the
employer(s).
二、阅读词汇检测
阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的含义
1.She
picked
up
the
receiver
and
dialed
his
number.
含义
?
答案:电话听筒
2.He
looked
at
the
gold
with
greedy
eyes.
含义
?
答案:贪婪的
3.Taking
pills
is
easy;just
put
them
in
your
mouth
and
swallow.
含义
?
答案:吞下,咽下
4.We
take
all
our
bottles
to
be
recycled.
含义
?
答案:回收利用
三、用适当的介词填空
1.The
car
is
travelling
a
speed
of
65
kilometers
an
hour.?
答案:at
2.She
stopped
an
instant
and
then
walked
into
the
office.?
答案:for
3.The
old
man
is
greedy
money.?
答案:for
4.The
young
man
stared
the
child
as
if
seeing
him
for
the
first
time.?
答案:at
5.You
must
represent
your
complaints
the
manager.?
答案:to
