Module 1 British and American English word教案
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| 名称 | Module 1 British and American English word教案 |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2012-04-10 11:42:32 | ||
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必修5 Module 1 British and American English
New words:
have … in common with sb / sth 与…..有共同之处
We have really everything in common with American nowadays , except of course ,language. (P1)
have something / a lot / nothing / not much / little in common with
与……有一些/ 很多/ 没有/ 没多少/ 几乎没有共同之处
in common 共有的、共同的
in common with 与……一样
1)To my surprise, I found I had a lot in common with this stranger.
2）In common with other earthquakes, the earthquake in Japan caused great damage.
3）他们是双胞胎，但毫无共同之处。They are twins, but they have nothing in common.
4）英语是一种不同于汉语的语言，但它们有一些共同之处。
English is a different language from Chinese, but they have something in common
5）Generally speaking, the music of one country has quite a lot ___ her culture. A. in common B. in common with C. with common in D. in common of
make a difference 有影响，起作用；使不相同
It doesn’t make much of a difference whether a teacher speaks British or American English. (P1)
make some / much difference to … 对……有些/ 有很大关系
make all the difference to 对……关系重大；使大不相同
make no difference to 与……没有关系
1)It’s what you do today that will make a difference in your life tomorrow.
是你今天的所作所为使你的明天与众不同。
2)我们所能做的事情会对我们的社会产生很大的影响。
What we can do will make much difference to our society.
3)在适当的时候只言片语的鼓励足以令人改观。
Just a word or two at the right moment can make all the difference to someone.
4)无论你做什么决定，对他都一样。 It will make no difference to him, whatever you may decide.
get around / round / about 四处走动（旅行）；传开(spread)
1)The old lady gets around with the help of a stick.
2) The news that he was elected president soon got around.
get up 起来
get away from 离开；摆脱；回避；否认
get (sth) across (to sb) （某事）（为某人） 理解
get down to (sth / doing sth) 开始做…
get through 做完，通过；接通
get over 克服，战胜，掌握；恢复常态
It’s time that you got down to study (n.) or the other students will leave behind.
He didn’t come because he couldn’t get away from his work.
I spoke slowly, but my meaning didn’t get across.
My secretary does everything very quickly; she can get through a lot of work in a morning.
The news, ___ quickly through the country that he got a gold medal at Guangzhou Asian Games. A. was got around B. got around C. got over D. was got over
onfusing adj. 混乱的；混淆的；令人困惑的，难懂的
Sometimes the same word has a slightly different meaning, which can be confusing. (P2)
1）The instructions on the box are very confusing.
2）It is a confusing problem.
3）It was confusing that he should give up the chance.
confuse vt. 使困惑，混淆；搞乱
confuse A with / and B 把 A和B混淆了
confused adj. （常指人）困惑的，烦恼的；杂乱的
get / be confused by …对…感到困惑的
confusion n. 困惑；混乱；混淆
in confusion 困惑地；迷惑地；在混乱中
They confused me by asking so many confusing questions. I was totally confused, standing there in confusion, not knowing what to do.
他们提了一大堆令人费解的问题，把我难住了。我稀里糊涂，迷茫地站在那儿，全然不知所措。
The teacher didn’t explain the problem clearly, so many students were ______. A. confusing B. confused C. to confuse D. confusion
compare vt. 比较，对照；把……比作 vi. 相比，比得上 n. 比较
Prepositions, too, can be different: compare on the team, on the weekend (American) with in the team, at the weekend (British). (P2)
compare A with B 与……比较，相比
compare A to B 把…… 比作
Eg: In the 19th century, Charles Dickens compared the two cities, London and Paris, in A Tale of Two Cities.
在19世纪，查尔斯*狄更斯在 双城记 中把伦敦和巴黎两座城市作了对比。
Compared with / to + n / pron 与……相比（过去分词短语作状语）
1)We often compare children to flowers of our country.
2)If you compare this car with that one, you’ll find this one is better.
3)His spoken English doesn’t compare with yours.
4)Compared to / with the laid-off workers, we’re indeed very lucky.
5)(09 重庆) Michael’s new house is like a huge palace, ___ with his old one. A. comparing B. compares C. to compare D. compared
differ vi 不同，有区别；意见分歧或相左
The other two areas in which the two varieties differ are spelling and pronuciation. (P2) differ with sb on / about sth 在…上与某人意见/观点不同
= disagree with sb on / about sth
differ from sb / sth 与某人/某事物不同
differ in sth 在某方面不同
1)They differ widely in their opinions. People differ individually. 人各有别。
2)As we know, they differ with you on this subject.
3)English differs greatly from Spanish in pronuciation.
4)Thoughts of westerners differ much ___ easterners in amny ways. A. between B. between those C. fom what D. from those of
5)(07上海) Leaves are found on all kinds of trees, but they differ greatly _____ size and shape. A. on B. from C. by D. in
6)The way Xiao Li did it differed ___ we were used to. A. in which B. in what C. from what D. from which
be similar to 与……相似
The accent, which is most similar to British English, can be heard on the East Coast of the US. (P2)
be similar in …
similarity n.
similarly adv.
1)What you said is similar to what the teacher said.
2)The two sentences are similar in structure.
3)My new dress is similar in style to the one you have.
4)The result showed that the method could reflect the similarity and difference among samples well.
结果表明：用这种方法能很好地反映样品间的相似性和差异性。
5)Everyone is familiar with eggs. All eggs look similar, but no two eggs are quite the same. 人人都熟悉鸡蛋。所有鸡蛋看上去相似，但没有两个鸡蛋是完全相同的。
6)Cats are similar _____ tigers ______ several ways. A. with; to B. to; in C. in; to D. on; with
remark n. 言辞；评论；讲话 v. 评论，谈论；谈到；说
When the Irish writer George Bernard Shaw made the famous remark that the British and the Americans are two nations divided by a common language, he was obviously thinking about the differences. (P2)
remark that ……说……, 评论……
remark on / upon sth / sb 谈论某事或某人
make a remark / remarks on / about … 对……发表评论
remarkable adj. 引人注目的；异常的，非凡的
1)He remarked that he would be absent the next day.
2)He was remarking upon the subject when I came into the room.
3)Please make a remark on “Better City, Better Life”, the theme of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo. 请你说说自己对上海世博会主题“城市，让生活更美好”的认识。
have difficulty (in) doing sth 费力做某事；做某事有困难
have difficulty with sth
A Londoner has more difficulty understanding a Scotman from Glasgow than understanding a New Yorker.
1)Japan had great difficulty controlling the explosion of nuclear power station.
2)When I came to America, I had a lot of difficulty making myself understood.
3)There is some / much / a lot of / no / little / not much difficulty / trouble (in) doing sth / with sth
4)My sister is having some difficulty with her work this year.
5)Because of your coming, I think there’s no difficulty (in) finishing the task on time.
6)You can’t imagine what difficulty we had ___ home in the snowstorm. A. walked B. walk C. to walk D. walking
lead to 引起；通向;导致；(result in ;contribute to)
But it has also led to lots of America words and structures passing into British English, so that some people now believe that British English will disappear. (P3)
lead sb to do sth 领着或领导某人做某事
lead sb to sp 领某人去某处
lead/live a …… life 过着……的生活
in the lead 带头，领先，处于领先地位
take the lead 带头
1)The picture led me to think of my childhood.
2)Could you do me a favour and lead me to the bus station
3)The guide led us through the forest.
4)The one in the second lane is in the lead now.
add vt. 增加
Now add some more ideas in favour of your chosen variety. (P8)
add to 增加，增添
add … to … 往……加……
add up 加起来，合计
add up to 总计达
add that … 补充说…..
1)Will you add more sugar to your coffee
2)The news added to his anxiety.
3)Please add these figures up and tell me how much they add up to.
4)Only then ___ realize I had said the words ___ the feeling of disappointment. A. did I; added to B. I; adding to C. I did; added D. did I; adding to
in favour of 支持，同意，赞同
in sb’s favour 对某人有利
in favour 赞同的，流行的，得宠的
do sb a favor 帮某人忙
=do a favor for sb 给某人恩惠，帮某人的忙，为某人尽力
1)Not everyone was in favour of this bill.
2)Could you do me a favor to hand me that pencil, please
3)The majority of the local people got benefit from the medical reform which they are in _____ of. A. honor B. danger C. favor D. memory
4)My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was _____ it. A. in favour of B. in memory of C. in honour of D. in search of
present vt. 陈述；提出（观点、计划）；介绍，引荐
present sb with sth = present sth to sb 把某物赠送某人
Present sb to sb = introduce sb to sb 把某人介绍给某人
1)Present your ideas to the rest of the class. (P8)
2)May I present a suggestion
3)Allow me to present Mr Brown to you.
4)We learn from the past, experience the present and hope for success in the future.
5)He was presented with an award. = An award was presented to him.
n. 礼物； 目前
at present = at the present time 在目前，在现在
for the present 就目前来说，暂时
up to the present 直到现在
At present Libya’s situation is extremely terrible.
adj. (前置定语) 目前的，现在的 （后置定语） 出席的，到场的
We have no choice in the present case. 在目前情况下，我们别无选择。
1)The chairman presented a present to all the people present and presented his opinions on the present situation.
大会主席给所有在场的人颁发了礼物并就目前的形势陈述了他的看法。
2)（2009北京）All of them try to use the power of the workstation ___ information in a more effective way. A. presenting B. presented C. being presented D. to present
refer to … as … 称……为……
refer to 参考，查询；提到，涉及
The Chinese refer to their language as Han, as it became popular among the people during the Han Dynasty.; (P8)
treat … as… 把某人或某物当作……对待
regard… as… 把……当作……
look on … as 把……视为 ……
1)The American Indians referred to salt as “magic white sand”.
2)Professor Watson referred me to an article she had written on the subject.
沃森教授要我去查阅她写的一篇关于这个主题的文章。
3)We agreed never to refer to the matter again.
4)The hospital now ___ patients by name, not case number. A. refers B. refers to C. refer to D. refers to as
attempt n. & v. 努力；尝试
Can you see any similarities between Webster’s work and attempts to simplify Chinese
(P9)
He didn’t pass the exam, but it was a good attempt.
attempt to do / doing sth 试图做某事
in one’s attempt to 力图，试图
make an attempt to do 打算，试图
make an attempt at doing sth 尝试做某事
at one’s first attempt 第一次尝试
1）The doctors are making an attempt to prevent cancer cells spreading.
2）Not many people can answer this question at the first attempt.
New words:
have … in common with sb / sth 与…..有共同之处
We have really everything in common with American nowadays , except of course ,language. (P1)
have something / a lot / nothing / not much / little in common with
与……有一些/ 很多/ 没有/ 没多少/ 几乎没有共同之处
in common 共有的、共同的
in common with 与……一样
1)To my surprise, I found I had a lot in common with this stranger.
2）In common with other earthquakes, the earthquake in Japan caused great damage.
3）他们是双胞胎，但毫无共同之处。They are twins, but they have nothing in common.
4）英语是一种不同于汉语的语言，但它们有一些共同之处。
English is a different language from Chinese, but they have something in common
5）Generally speaking, the music of one country has quite a lot ___ her culture. A. in common B. in common with C. with common in D. in common of
make a difference 有影响，起作用；使不相同
It doesn’t make much of a difference whether a teacher speaks British or American English. (P1)
make some / much difference to … 对……有些/ 有很大关系
make all the difference to 对……关系重大；使大不相同
make no difference to 与……没有关系
1)It’s what you do today that will make a difference in your life tomorrow.
是你今天的所作所为使你的明天与众不同。
2)我们所能做的事情会对我们的社会产生很大的影响。
What we can do will make much difference to our society.
3)在适当的时候只言片语的鼓励足以令人改观。
Just a word or two at the right moment can make all the difference to someone.
4)无论你做什么决定，对他都一样。 It will make no difference to him, whatever you may decide.
get around / round / about 四处走动（旅行）；传开(spread)
1)The old lady gets around with the help of a stick.
2) The news that he was elected president soon got around.
get up 起来
get away from 离开；摆脱；回避；否认
get (sth) across (to sb) （某事）（为某人） 理解
get down to (sth / doing sth) 开始做…
get through 做完，通过；接通
get over 克服，战胜，掌握；恢复常态
It’s time that you got down to study (n.) or the other students will leave behind.
He didn’t come because he couldn’t get away from his work.
I spoke slowly, but my meaning didn’t get across.
My secretary does everything very quickly; she can get through a lot of work in a morning.
The news, ___ quickly through the country that he got a gold medal at Guangzhou Asian Games. A. was got around B. got around C. got over D. was got over
onfusing adj. 混乱的；混淆的；令人困惑的，难懂的
Sometimes the same word has a slightly different meaning, which can be confusing. (P2)
1）The instructions on the box are very confusing.
2）It is a confusing problem.
3）It was confusing that he should give up the chance.
confuse vt. 使困惑，混淆；搞乱
confuse A with / and B 把 A和B混淆了
confused adj. （常指人）困惑的，烦恼的；杂乱的
get / be confused by …对…感到困惑的
confusion n. 困惑；混乱；混淆
in confusion 困惑地；迷惑地；在混乱中
They confused me by asking so many confusing questions. I was totally confused, standing there in confusion, not knowing what to do.
他们提了一大堆令人费解的问题，把我难住了。我稀里糊涂，迷茫地站在那儿，全然不知所措。
The teacher didn’t explain the problem clearly, so many students were ______. A. confusing B. confused C. to confuse D. confusion
compare vt. 比较，对照；把……比作 vi. 相比，比得上 n. 比较
Prepositions, too, can be different: compare on the team, on the weekend (American) with in the team, at the weekend (British). (P2)
compare A with B 与……比较，相比
compare A to B 把…… 比作
Eg: In the 19th century, Charles Dickens compared the two cities, London and Paris, in A Tale of Two Cities.
在19世纪，查尔斯*狄更斯在 双城记 中把伦敦和巴黎两座城市作了对比。
Compared with / to + n / pron 与……相比（过去分词短语作状语）
1)We often compare children to flowers of our country.
2)If you compare this car with that one, you’ll find this one is better.
3)His spoken English doesn’t compare with yours.
4)Compared to / with the laid-off workers, we’re indeed very lucky.
5)(09 重庆) Michael’s new house is like a huge palace, ___ with his old one. A. comparing B. compares C. to compare D. compared
differ vi 不同，有区别；意见分歧或相左
The other two areas in which the two varieties differ are spelling and pronuciation. (P2) differ with sb on / about sth 在…上与某人意见/观点不同
= disagree with sb on / about sth
differ from sb / sth 与某人/某事物不同
differ in sth 在某方面不同
1)They differ widely in their opinions. People differ individually. 人各有别。
2)As we know, they differ with you on this subject.
3)English differs greatly from Spanish in pronuciation.
4)Thoughts of westerners differ much ___ easterners in amny ways. A. between B. between those C. fom what D. from those of
5)(07上海) Leaves are found on all kinds of trees, but they differ greatly _____ size and shape. A. on B. from C. by D. in
6)The way Xiao Li did it differed ___ we were used to. A. in which B. in what C. from what D. from which
be similar to 与……相似
The accent, which is most similar to British English, can be heard on the East Coast of the US. (P2)
be similar in …
similarity n.
similarly adv.
1)What you said is similar to what the teacher said.
2)The two sentences are similar in structure.
3)My new dress is similar in style to the one you have.
4)The result showed that the method could reflect the similarity and difference among samples well.
结果表明：用这种方法能很好地反映样品间的相似性和差异性。
5)Everyone is familiar with eggs. All eggs look similar, but no two eggs are quite the same. 人人都熟悉鸡蛋。所有鸡蛋看上去相似，但没有两个鸡蛋是完全相同的。
6)Cats are similar _____ tigers ______ several ways. A. with; to B. to; in C. in; to D. on; with
remark n. 言辞；评论；讲话 v. 评论，谈论；谈到；说
When the Irish writer George Bernard Shaw made the famous remark that the British and the Americans are two nations divided by a common language, he was obviously thinking about the differences. (P2)
remark that ……说……, 评论……
remark on / upon sth / sb 谈论某事或某人
make a remark / remarks on / about … 对……发表评论
remarkable adj. 引人注目的；异常的，非凡的
1)He remarked that he would be absent the next day.
2)He was remarking upon the subject when I came into the room.
3)Please make a remark on “Better City, Better Life”, the theme of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo. 请你说说自己对上海世博会主题“城市，让生活更美好”的认识。
have difficulty (in) doing sth 费力做某事；做某事有困难
have difficulty with sth
A Londoner has more difficulty understanding a Scotman from Glasgow than understanding a New Yorker.
1)Japan had great difficulty controlling the explosion of nuclear power station.
2)When I came to America, I had a lot of difficulty making myself understood.
3)There is some / much / a lot of / no / little / not much difficulty / trouble (in) doing sth / with sth
4)My sister is having some difficulty with her work this year.
5)Because of your coming, I think there’s no difficulty (in) finishing the task on time.
6)You can’t imagine what difficulty we had ___ home in the snowstorm. A. walked B. walk C. to walk D. walking
lead to 引起；通向;导致；(result in ;contribute to)
But it has also led to lots of America words and structures passing into British English, so that some people now believe that British English will disappear. (P3)
lead sb to do sth 领着或领导某人做某事
lead sb to sp 领某人去某处
lead/live a …… life 过着……的生活
in the lead 带头，领先，处于领先地位
take the lead 带头
1)The picture led me to think of my childhood.
2)Could you do me a favour and lead me to the bus station
3)The guide led us through the forest.
4)The one in the second lane is in the lead now.
add vt. 增加
Now add some more ideas in favour of your chosen variety. (P8)
add to 增加，增添
add … to … 往……加……
add up 加起来，合计
add up to 总计达
add that … 补充说…..
1)Will you add more sugar to your coffee
2)The news added to his anxiety.
3)Please add these figures up and tell me how much they add up to.
4)Only then ___ realize I had said the words ___ the feeling of disappointment. A. did I; added to B. I; adding to C. I did; added D. did I; adding to
in favour of 支持，同意，赞同
in sb’s favour 对某人有利
in favour 赞同的，流行的，得宠的
do sb a favor 帮某人忙
=do a favor for sb 给某人恩惠，帮某人的忙，为某人尽力
1)Not everyone was in favour of this bill.
2)Could you do me a favor to hand me that pencil, please
3)The majority of the local people got benefit from the medical reform which they are in _____ of. A. honor B. danger C. favor D. memory
4)My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was _____ it. A. in favour of B. in memory of C. in honour of D. in search of
present vt. 陈述；提出（观点、计划）；介绍，引荐
present sb with sth = present sth to sb 把某物赠送某人
Present sb to sb = introduce sb to sb 把某人介绍给某人
1)Present your ideas to the rest of the class. (P8)
2)May I present a suggestion
3)Allow me to present Mr Brown to you.
4)We learn from the past, experience the present and hope for success in the future.
5)He was presented with an award. = An award was presented to him.
n. 礼物； 目前
at present = at the present time 在目前，在现在
for the present 就目前来说，暂时
up to the present 直到现在
At present Libya’s situation is extremely terrible.
adj. (前置定语) 目前的，现在的 （后置定语） 出席的，到场的
We have no choice in the present case. 在目前情况下，我们别无选择。
1)The chairman presented a present to all the people present and presented his opinions on the present situation.
大会主席给所有在场的人颁发了礼物并就目前的形势陈述了他的看法。
2)（2009北京）All of them try to use the power of the workstation ___ information in a more effective way. A. presenting B. presented C. being presented D. to present
refer to … as … 称……为……
refer to 参考，查询；提到，涉及
The Chinese refer to their language as Han, as it became popular among the people during the Han Dynasty.; (P8)
treat … as… 把某人或某物当作……对待
regard… as… 把……当作……
look on … as 把……视为 ……
1)The American Indians referred to salt as “magic white sand”.
2)Professor Watson referred me to an article she had written on the subject.
沃森教授要我去查阅她写的一篇关于这个主题的文章。
3)We agreed never to refer to the matter again.
4)The hospital now ___ patients by name, not case number. A. refers B. refers to C. refer to D. refers to as
attempt n. & v. 努力；尝试
Can you see any similarities between Webster’s work and attempts to simplify Chinese
(P9)
He didn’t pass the exam, but it was a good attempt.
attempt to do / doing sth 试图做某事
in one’s attempt to 力图，试图
make an attempt to do 打算，试图
make an attempt at doing sth 尝试做某事
at one’s first attempt 第一次尝试
1）The doctors are making an attempt to prevent cancer cells spreading.
2）Not many people can answer this question at the first attempt.