Unit
8
Green
Living-Lesson
1
Roots
and
shoots
语法归纳&针对训练
【语法归纳--现在/过去分词作定状补】
一、动词-ing形式和-ed形式作状语
动词-ing形式作状语时表示的动作就是句子主语的动作,它们之间的关系是主动关系。
动词-ed形式作状语时表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作,它们之间的关系是被动关系。
Not
knowing
what
to
do,he
went
to
his
parents
for
help.(he和know之间是主动关系)
由于不知如何是好,他去找父母帮忙。
Given
more
attention,the
trees
could
have
grown
better.(give和the
trees之间是被动关系)
如果对这些树多关心一些,它们本可以长得更好。
1.动词-ing形式作状语
动词-ing形式作状语,表示原因、时间、方式、伴随情况、结果或条件等,其逻辑主语是句子的主语,二者之间是主动关系。
(1)作时间状语,相当于时间状语从句,有时可以在v.-ing形式前加一个表时间的连词,如when,while等。
Hearing
the
news,they
immediately
set
off
for
Shanghai.
=When
they
heard
the
news,they
immediately
set
off
for
Shanghai.
听到这个消息,他们立即动身去上海。
(2)作原因状语,相当于原因状语从句。
Being
poor,he
couldn’t
afford
a
computer.
=As
he
was
poor,he
couldn’t
afford
a
computer.
因为穷,他买不起电脑。
(3)作伴随状语,相当于and连接的并列句。
He
walked
down
the
river,singing
softly
to
himself.
=He
walked
down
the
river
and
sang
softly
to
himself.
他沿着河流一边走,一边轻轻地唱。
(4)作方式状语,相当于and连接的并列句。
He
came
running
all
the
way.
=He
came
and
was
running
all
the
way.
他一路跑着来的。
(5)作条件状语,相当于条件状语从句。
Driving
too
fast,you
will
damage
the
car.
=If
you
drive
too
fast,you
will
damage
the
car.
如果开车太快,你会把车子弄坏的。
(6)作结果状语。
European
football
is
played
in
80
countries,making
it
the
most
popular
sport
in
the
world.
=European
football
is
played
in
80
countries;as
a
result,it
becomes
the
most
popular
sport
in
the
world.
欧式足球运动在80多个国家开展,这使它成为世界上最受欢迎的体育运动。
【语法拓展】
①动词-ing形式作结果状语,是随着谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果,其逻辑主语往往是前面整个句子所描述的情况,前面有时候可以加thus。
而不定式作结果状语时常表示出乎意料的结果,前面经常加only。
试比较:
He
was
caught
in
the
rain,thus
making
himself
catch
a
cold.
被雨淋后他感冒了。
I
hurried
to
school,only
to
find
it
was
Sunday.
我匆忙赶到学校,结果发现是星期天。
②having
done作状语,强调动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。
Having
lived
in
Beijing
for
many
years,he
knows
the
city
well.
因为在北京住了很多年,他对这个城市很熟悉。
2.动词-ed形式作状语
动词-ed形式作状语,常表时间、让步、条件、方式等,相当于一个状语从句。其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语,与主语关系是动宾关系,即被动关系。
(1)作时间状语相当于一个时间状语从句。
Asked
(When
he
was
asked)
what
had
happened,he
lowered
his
head.
当他被提问的时候,他低下了头。
(2)作原因状语相当于一个原因状语从句。
Frightened
(=Because/As
she
was
frightened)
by
the
tiger,the
girl
didn’t
dare
to
sleep
alone.
因为害怕老虎,这个女孩不敢独自睡觉。
(3)作条件状语相当于一个条件状语从句。
Grown
(If
these
seeds
are
grown)
in
rich
soil,these
seeds
can
grow
fast.
如果种在肥沃的土壤里,
这些种子能长得很快。
Given
(If
we
were
given)
more
time,we
could
do
it
better.
如果给我们更多时间的话,我们可以做得更好。
(4)作让步状语相当于一个让步状语从句。
Left
(Although
he
was
left)
alone
at
home,John
didn’t
feel
frightened
at
all.
虽然约翰被单独留在房间里,他一点都不害怕。
(5)作状语表示伴随动作或状态。
The
teacher
entered
the
classroom,(and
he
was)
followed
by
a
group
of
students.
老师进入教室,后面跟着一群学生。
二、动词的-ing形式和-ed形式作定语
动词-ing作定语多表示动作的进行或主动,也可指事物的用途,与它所修饰的词往往构成逻辑上的主动关系;
动词-ed形式作定语多表示被动或完成,单个的词作定语往往前置,词组往往后置,与它所修饰的词往往构成逻辑上的被动关系。
The
boy
playing
football
on
the
playground
is
my
younger
brother.(进行和主动)
在操场上踢足球的那个男孩是我的弟弟。
No
one
is
allowed
to
speak
aloud
in
the
reading
room.(用途)
阅览室里不准大声说话。
China
is
a
developing
country.(表示动作的进行)
中国是一个发展中国家。
The
retired
man
was
very
interested
in
painting.(完成)
那位退休的人对绘画非常感兴趣。
We
must
adapt
our
thinking
to
the
changed
conditions.(完成)
我们必须调整思路来适应改变了的情况。
Who
were
the
so-called
guests
invited
to
your
party
last
night?(被动)
昨晚被邀请参加你的晚会的那些所谓的客人是谁呀?
The
injured
workers
are
now
being
taken
good
care
of
in
the
hospital.(被动)
受伤的工人现在在医院接受良好的照料。
三、动词-ing形式和-ed形式作宾语补足语
动词-ing形式和-ed形式都可用于动词的复合结构,在其中作宾语补足语。
动词-ing形式往往和宾语构成主谓关系,也就是主动关系;
动词-ed形式作宾语补足语往往和宾语构成动宾关系,也就是被动关系。
1.用于with复合结构中。
I
couldn’t
do
my
homework
with
the
noise
going
on.
由于噪音不断,我没法做家庭作业。
With
so
many
people
looking
at
her,she
felt
nervous.
这么多人看着她,她感到很紧张。
With
all
the
problems
settled,he
felt
relieved.
所有问题都解决了,他感到如释重负。
2.用于表示“指使”等意义的动词之后,如have,set,keep,leave,get等。
Don’t
have
the
students
studying
all
day.
不要让学生整天学习。
She
got
us
waiting
here
for
an
hour.
她让我们在这儿等了一个小时了。
I’ll
have
my
hair
cut
tomorrow.
明天我要理发。
He
will
keep
you
informed
of
what
is
going
on.
他会让你了解正在发生的事情的。
3.位于感官动词后,如see,hear,feel,smell,watch,find,notice等。
We
saw
the
teacher
doing
the
experiment.
我们看到老师在做实验。
I
heard
someone
knocking
at
the
door.
我听到有人在敲门。
He
heard
his
named
called.
他听到有人叫他的名字。
We
saw
the
thief
caught
by
the
police.
我们看见小偷被警察抓住了。
【针对训练】
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.She
wants
her
paintings
(display)
in
the
gallery,but
we
don’t
think
they
would
be
very
popular.?
2.John
received
an
invitation
to
dinner,and
with
his
work
(finish),he
gladly
accepted
it.?
3.—Come
on.Please
give
me
some
ideas
about
the
project.
—Sorry.With
so
much
work
(fill)
my
mind,I
almost
break
down.?
4.He
was
just
about
to
sit
down
when
he
felt
something
(move)
near
his
feet.?
5.There
was
a
terrible
noise
(follow)
the
sudden
burst
of
light.?
6.We
found
the
police
(surround)
the
house.?
7.I
must
have
my
homework
(do)
before
going
out
to
play.?
8.Last
week
we
had
all
our
windows
(break)
by
the
naughty
boy.?
9.Jenny
hopes
that
Mr.Smith
will
suggest
a
good
way
to
have
her
written
English
(improve)
in
a
short
period.?
10.They
use
computers
to
keep
the
traffic
(run)
smoothly.?
11.
(bring)
up
in
the
countryside,he
had
difficulty
in
getting
used
to
the
city
life.?
12.
(grow)
up
in
the
countryside,he
had
difficulty
in
getting
used
to
the
city
life.?
13.The
company
(make)
these
computers
is
a
famous
one.?
14.The
computers
(make)
in
this
company
are
of
good
quality.?
15.We
found
the
village
(surround)
by
trees.?
16.
(dress)
in
a
white
uniform,he
looks
more
like
a
cook
than
a
doctor.?
17.
(attract)
by
the
beauty
of
nature,the
girl
decided
to
spend
another
two
weeks
on
the
farm.?
18.
(look)
out
of
the
window,I
saw
some
children
playing
hide-and-seek.?
19.He
had
an
accident
(drive)
to
work
yesterday.?
20.
(found)
in
the
early
20th
century,the
school
keeps
on
inspiring
children’s
love
of
art.?
答案displayed
答案finished
答案filling
答案moving
答案following
答案surrounding
答案done
答案broken
答案improved
答案running
答案Brought
答案Growing
答案making
答案made
答案surrounded
答案Dressed
答案Attracted
答案Looking
答案driving
答案Founded
课文语篇填空
To
inspire
young
people____________
(take)
action
for
the
environment,animals
and
their
community,Roots
&
Shoots
_______________
(establish)
in
the
early
1990s
by
Dr.Jane
Goodall,____________
scientist
who’s
the
world’s
____________
(well-known)
expert
on
wild
chimpanzees.The
whole
purpose
of
Roots
&
Shoots
is
to
educate
young
people,so
they
can
help
to
build
a
future
____________
is
secure
and
live
together
in
peace
with
nature.?
The
organisation
is
called
Roots
&
Shoots
because
roots
move
slowly
under
the
ground
to
make
a
firm
foundation,and
shoots
seem
small
and
weak,but
they
can
break
open
brick
walls
to
reach
the
light.The
roots
and
shoots
____________
(be)
you,your
friends
and
young
people
all
around
the
world.Hundreds
and
thousands
____________
roots
and
shoots
can
solve
the
problems,change
the
world
and
make
it
a
better
place
to
live
in.Roots
&
Shoots
____________
(attach)
importance
to
the
value
and
importance
of
each
individual
—
human,animal
or
plant.Dr.Jane
Goodall
believes
that
the
most
important
thing
is
that:“Every
individual
matters.Every
individual
has
a
role
to
play.Every
individual
makes
a
difference.”
You
get
to
choose:Do
you
want
to
use
your
life
to
make
the
world
a
better
place
for
people,animals
and
the
environment?Do
you
want
to
make
Roots
&
Shoots
rooted
in
everyone’s
heart?Do
you
want
to
be
a
part
of
a
community
for
a
____________
(share)
future?You
cannot
be
____________
(absence).?
答案：
To
take;
Was
established;
A;
Best-known;
That/which;
Are;
Of;
Attaches;
Shared;
Absent
同义句转换
1.When
people
asked
the
man
what
the
trip
meant
to
him,he
said
it
was
“an
experience
of
a
lifetime”.
what
the
trip
meant
to
him,the
man
said
it
was
“an
experience
of
a
lifetime”.?
2.The
garden
was
transformed
from
a
quarry.It
has
now
become
a
famous
destination
for
travelers.
from
a
quarry,the
garden
has
now
become
a
famous
destination
for
travelers.?
3.If
you
compare
Quebec
City
with
other
cities
in
Canada,it
seems
more
like
a
charming
European
village.
other
cities
in
Canada,Quebec
City
seems
more
like
a
charming
European
village.?
4.They
did
not
know
where
to
start
their
sightseeing
in
Luoyang,so
they
went
to
the
Tourist
Information
Centre.
where
to
start
their
sightseeing
in
Luoyang,they
went
to
the
Tourist
Information
Centre.?
5.When
they
heard
that
the
Sea-to-Sky
Highway
was
Canada’s
most
scenic
drive,they
made
West
Vancouver
their
first
destination.
that
the
Sea-to-Sky
Highway
was
Canada’s
most
scenic
drive,they
made
West
Vancouver
their
first
destination.?
答案When
asked
答案Transformed
答案Compared
with
答案Not
knowing
答案Hearing
概要写作
根据pp.31-32课文内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
参考范文:
“Just-me-ism”
is
harmful
to
the
environment.So,Roots
&
Shoots,whose
purpose
is
to
educate
young
people
about
environmental
protection,was
established
in
the
early
1990s
by
Dr.Jane
Goodall.The
roots
and
shoots
mainly
refer
to
young
people
all
around
the
world.Together,young
individuals
can
make
the
world
a
better
place.Unit
8
Green
Living-Lesson
3
“White
bikes”on
the
road
写作指导&随堂练习
【写作指导--调查报告】
近几年来,很多大城市都投放了共享单车(shared
bikes)。
由于方便停放,绿色环保,且能锻炼身体,它们作为代步工具很受大家欢迎。
但是,也有人对此持质疑的态度。
请根据以下调查的结果,写一则有关共享单车的调查报告。
一、审题定调
1.确定体裁:
本单元的写作任务是调查报告,内容是共享单车的使用情况。
调查报告是针对某一现象、某一事件或某一问题进行深入细致地调查,对获得的材料进行认真分析研究,发现其本质特征和基本规律之后写成的书面报告。
在英语书面表达训练中,我们经常会遇到这一类写作题,要求同学们根据调查结果,对某种现象进行分析、得出结论并谈谈自己的看法。
2.确定人称:
本文的主要人称为第三人称,兼用第一人称。
3.确定时态:
由于本文是调查报告,针对现在的事情,所以用一般现在时,但是调查已经完成,兼有过去时态。
二、谋篇布局
调查报告通常包括以下三个方面:
首先,弄清调查结果反映出的信息、问题或现象,对其做一些客观的介绍;
其次,分析这些数据或事实反映出的问题,得出结论;
最后,通常在文章的最后一段阐述作者个人的看法和建议。
三、组织语言
1.核心词汇
conduct
a
survey
做一项调查
according
to
the
survey根据调查来看
give
a
positive
answer给出肯定的回答
as
for
the
reasons至于原因
for
convenience为了方便
consider...as...认为……是……
a
minority
of少数人
reduce
pollution减少污染
by
contrast相比之下
in
my
opinion在我看来
as
long
as只要
2.高级句式
(1)Recently
a
survey,whose
topic
is
“Do
you
use
shared
bikes”,has
been
conducted
among
the
local
people.(whose引导定语从句;被动语态)
最近在当地人中进行了一项调查,主题是“你使用共享单车吗”。
(2)According
to
the
survey,70%
of
those
asked
gave
a
positive
answer.(according
to;positive)
根据调查,70%的受访者给出了肯定的回答。
(3)As
for
the
reasons,as
high
as
96%
of
them
choose
to
use
shared
bikes
for
their
convenience.(as
for;for
one’s
convenience)
至于原因,多达96%的人选择使用共享单车是因为很方便。
(4)The
majority
think
riding
shared
bikes
is
cheap.(宾语从句;动词-ing形式作主语)
大部分人认为骑共享单车很便宜。
(5)Surprisingly,only
around
31%
consider
riding
as
good
exercise.(surprisingly;consider...
as)
令人惊讶的是,只有大约31%的人认为骑车是一种很好的运动。
(6)Sadly,only
a
minority
of
the
users,exactly
19%,turn
to
shared
bikes
as
a
way
to
reduce
pollution.(minority;turn
to;a
way
to
do
sth)
令人难过的是,只有少数用户,确切地说是19%,使用共享单车是为了减少污染。
(7)By
contrast,the
other
30%
said
“No”
to
shared
bikes.(by
contrast;say
“No”
to)
相比之下,另外30%的人对共享单车说“不”。
(8)70%
of
them
refuse
to
use
shared
bikes
for
safety
concern
while
the
other
30%
think
it
is
uncomfortable
to
ride
bikes
because
it
may
be
too
hot
in
summer
and
too
cold
in
winter.(while表示对比;because引导原因状语从句;it作形式主语)
70%的人出于安全考虑拒绝使用共享单车,而另外30%的人认为骑自行车不舒服,因为夏天太热,冬天太冷。
(9)In
my
opinion,shared
bikes
are
put
there
to
be
used.(in
one’s
opinion;被动语态;不定式的被动形式作目的状语)
在我看来,共享单车是放在那里供使用的。
(10)They
can
help
us
keep
healthy
and
make
the
environment
better
as
long
as
we
use
them
properly
and
carefully.(as
long
as引导条件状语从句)
只要我们正确使用,多加小心,共享单车可以帮助我们保持健康,使环境变得更好。
四、连句成文
Recently
a
survey,whose
topic
is
“Do
you
use
shared
bikes”,has
been
conducted
among
the
local
people.
According
to
the
survey,70%
of
those
asked
gave
a
positive
answer.As
for
the
reasons,as
high
as
96%
of
them
choose
to
use
shared
bikes
for
their
convenience.The
majority
think
riding
shared
bikes
is
cheap.Surprisingly,only
around
31%
consider
riding
as
good
exercise.Sadly,only
a
minority
of
the
users,exactly
19%,turn
to
shared
bikes
as
a
way
to
reduce
pollution.
By
contrast,the
other
30%
said
“No”
to
shared
bikes.70%
of
them
refuse
to
use
shared
bikes
for
safety
concern
while
the
other
30%
think
it
is
uncomfortable
to
ride
bikes
because
it
may
be
too
hot
in
summer
and
too
cold
in
winter.
In
my
opinion,shared
bikes
are
put
there
to
be
used.They
can
help
us
keep
healthy
and
make
the
environment
better
as
long
as
we
use
them
properly
and
carefully.
【随堂练习】
课文语法填空
Air
pollution,global
warming
and
overflowing
landfills
are
the
most
serious
environmental
problems
we
are
currently
facing
today.
The
main
cause
of
air
pollution
is
the
burning
of
fossil
fuels.Other
human
activities,such
as
construction
and
the
burning
of
waste,also
contribute
to
air
pollution.The
effects
on
our
health
can
be
very
serious.You
can
easily
contribute
to
__________
(reduce)
air
pollution
by
using
public
transport.?
Global
warming
__________
(cause)
by
the
build-up
of
carbon
dioxide
and
other
pollutants
in
the
atmosphere.These
trap
the
sun’s
heat
and
warm
up
the
planet.Global
warming
has
already
caused
__________
wide
range
of
problems.?
Landfills
are
used
for
waste
disposal
in
many
countries
around
the
world.However,due
__________
the
amount
of
waste
our
lifestyles
produce,these
landfills
are
now
reaching
full
capacity.When
this
happens,the
chances
of
dangerous
__________
(chemical)
in
the
waste
entering
our
water
supply
increase.The
amount
of
waste
in
landfills
in
China
__________
(rise)
greatly
over
the
last
decade.The
government
is
now
trying
to
find
alternative
waste
disposal
methods.Apart
from
the
three
Rs
(Reduce,Reuse
and
Recycle),some
experts
have
begun
advocating
the
fourth
R
—
Responsibility.They
believe
__________,although
recycling
waste
is
effective,the
most
effective
way
of
solving
the
problem
of
overflowing
landfills
__________
(be)
to
encourage
people
__________
(take)
responsibility
for
reducing
the
waste
they
produce
__________
(they).?
答案：
Reducing；
is
caused；
A;
To;
Chemicals;
has
risen;
That;
Is;
to
take;
themselves
概要写作
根据pp.36-37课文内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
参考范文
Air
pollution,global
warming
and
overflowing
landfills
are
the
most
serious
environmental
problems
we
are
currently
facing
today.The
main
cause
of
air
pollution
is
the
burning
of
fossil
fuels,whose
effects
can
be
very
serious.Global
warming
is
caused
by
the
build-up
of
greenhouse
gases
in
the
atmosphere,which
has
already
caused
a
wide
range
of
problems.Landfills
in
many
countries
are
now
reaching
full
capacity.The
government
is
now
trying
to
find
alternative
waste
disposal
methods.Apart
from
the
three
Rs
(Reduce,Reuse
and
Recycle),the
fourth
R
—
Responsibility
is
the
most
important
in
reducing
waste.Unit
8
Green
Living-Lesson
2
Greening
and
desert
语法归纳&针对训练
【语法归纳-转化构词】
单词
动词
名词
aim
瞄准;旨在
目标;目的
question
询问;质疑
问题
answer
回答
回答;答案
talk
谈话
谈话;谈论
walk
步行;散步
步行;散步
paint
用油漆刷;用颜料画
油漆;颜料
place
放置
地方
record
记录
记录
smile
微笑
微笑
sleep
睡觉
睡觉;睡眠
kiss
亲;亲吻
亲;亲吻
dream
做梦
梦想
cook
做饭;烹饪
厨师
drink
喝;饮;喝酒
饮料;饮品
watch
观看
手表
book
预定
书
cover
覆盖
封面
scream
高声喊出
尖叫
cause
导致;引起;使发生
原因;事业
master
掌握;精通
大师;主人
design
设计
设计;装饰图案
struggle
奋斗;拼搏
奋斗
signal
标志着;预示
标识
transport
运输;运送
交通运输系统;运输方式
shoot
射中;射击
芽;苗;嫩枝
pedal
骑
踏板
attack
攻击;袭击
攻击;袭击
base
以……为基础
地基;基础
flood
淹没
洪水
【针对训练】
阅读下列句子,体会句意,注明黑体词表达的含义是a还是b
a.the
name
of
sth/sth b.an
action/to
do
things
1.If
the
pipe
bursts
it
could
flood
the
whole
house.( )
The
heavy
rain
has
caused
floods
in
many
parts
of
the
country.( )
2.The
hunter
aimed
at
the
animal
but
did
not
shoot.( )
Two
weeks
after
we’d
planted
the
seeds,little
green
shoots
started
to
appear.( )
3.A
helicopter
was
used
to
transport
the
wounded.( )
More
people
are
encouraged
to
take
public
transport.( )
4.She
was
no
longer
master
of
her
own
future.( )
French
was
a
language
he
had
never
mastered.( )
5.I
struggled
up
the
hill
with
the
heavy
bags.( )
After
a
long
struggle,she
gained
control
of
the
business.( )
6.The
bad
weather
is
causing
problems
for
many
farmers.( )
Drinking
and
driving
is
one
of
the
most
common
causes
of
traffic
accidents.( )
7.He
gave
me
no
chance
to
reply
to
his
question.( )
The
students
were
questioned
on
the
books
they
had
been
studying.( )
8.She
went
to
London
with
the
aim
of
finding
a
job.( )
They’re
aiming
at
training
everybody
by
the
end
of
the
year.( )
9.I
hope
you
were
pleased
with
the
book
I
sent
you.( )
You’ll
have
to
book
early
if
you
want
to
see
that
fashion
show.( )
10.I
personally
think
we
should
paint
the
wall
yellow.( )
Some
paint
will
keep
the
wood
from
damage
by
water.( )
答案b;a
答案b;a
答案b;a
答案a;b
答案b;a
答案b;a
答案a;b
答案a;b
答案a;b
答案b;a
课文语篇填空
Amsterdam
is
a
good
city
for
cycling
and
people
in
Amsterdam
have
been
enjoying
the
__________
(benefit)
of
cycling
for
years.The
idea
began
about
50
years
ago,and
was
first
known
__________
“white
bikes”.Some
people
even
call
Amsterdam
“the
City
of
Bicycles”.?
In
the
1960s,a
group
of
cycling
fans
came
up
with
__________
idea.The
group
painted
hundreds
of
bicycles
white
and
placed
them
in
many
areas
around
Amsterdam
for
people
to
use.Soon
after,however,problems
came
up
and
the
“white
bikes”
all
disappeared
—
thieves
__________
(steal)
them
all
in
a
matter
of
weeks!?
In
1999,the
“white
bikes”
returned
to
Amsterdam
—
this
time
with
a
computer
tracking
system
to
record
their
every
move!To
take
a
bicycle,you
had
to
put
in
a
special
card.The
new
“white
bikes”
were
not
actually
white
but
painted
in
bright
colours.The
bikes
__________
(park)
at
special
parking
places.Thanks
to
the
ideas
and
efforts
of
many
people,you
can
now
enjoy
clean
air
and
easy
transport
in
__________
(centre)
Amsterdam.?
Nowadays,the
idea
of
“white
bikes”___________
(pedal)
its
way
around
the
world,including
China
__________
more
and
more
cities
have
their
own
“white
bike”
programmes.Both
the
locals
and
tourists
like
to
use
__________
(share)
bikes
because
bike-sharing
is
a
cheap
and
easy
way
__________
(save)
energy,reduce
air
and
noise
pollution,and
enjoy
the
benefits
of
exercise
in
cities.?
答案：
Benefits；
As;
An;
Stole;
were
parked;
Central;
has
pedaled;
Where;
Shared;
To
save
概要写作
根据pp.36-37课文内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
参考范文:
Amsterdam
is
a
good
city
for
cycling
and
is
known
as
“the
City
of
Bicycles”.Although
the
idea
of
“white
bikes”
in
the
1960s
failed,it
returned
and
succeeded
in
1999
with
improved
new
“white
bikes”,bringing
clean
air
and
easy
transport
in
central
Amsterdam.Nowadays,the
idea
of
“white
bikes”
has
pedalled
its
way
around
the
world,including
China
where
more
and
more
cities
have
their
own
“white
bike”
programmes.
