Unit 10 I've had this bike for three years. Section A Grammar Focus-4 c 课件（20张PPT；无音视频）

Unit 10
I’ve had this bike for three years.
Section A
Grammar Focus-4c
Learning goals
1.在语境中认读、理解运用下列词汇: hometown。
2.通过观察例句,能够用现在完成时讨论拥有的物品和周围的事物。
3.通过体会延续性动词和短暂性动词的区别,能够正确使用现在完成时询问并表达持续性动作或状态。
4.通过4a和4b练习,进一步现固知识。
New words
hometown
n.家乡；故乡
合成词 n.+ n.
home + town
Lead in
since ﹠ for in present perfect tense
观察:
I have lived in France for 20 years.
I have taught English for a long time.
I have spoken French since 1995.
I have been a dad since my daughter was born.
for+ 表示一段时间的词组
since+ 过去某一时间点的词组
一般过去时的句子.
现在完成时 The Present Perfect Tense
How long have you had that bike
over there?
I’ve had it for three years.
How long has his son owned the
train and railway set?
He’s owned it since his fourth birthday.
Have you ever played football?
Yes, I did when I was little, but I haven’t played for a while now.
Grammar Focus
你拥有那边那辆自行车多久了？
我已经拥有它三年了。
他的儿子拥有那套火车和铁路
铁轨的玩具多长时间了？
自从他的4岁生日起，他就拥有它了。
你曾经踢过足球吗？
是的，我小的时候踢过，
但是现在我已经有一段时间不踢了。
现在完成时表示从过去开始一直持续到现在还有可能继续持续下去的动作或状态。常与for, since引导的时间短语或从向连用。
探究1. present perfect tense with since & for
for+ 表示一段时间的词组
since+ 过去某一时间点的词组
一般过去时的句子.
for表示“持续了…”
+时间段
since含义“自从”
+时间点
Eg： She has learned English for 5 years.(她已经学习五年英语了)
解释：一直在学,持续了五年,并且还可能持续学下去
He has lived in Beijing since he was born.
(自从他出生以后就居住在北京)
解释:从出生后就一直住在北京,持续到现在,还有可能一直住下去Have you stayed here since 3 o'clock?
(自从3点后你就一直呆在这儿吗?)
We haven't seen each other _______a long time.
His father has been in the factory _____10 years ago.
The film has been on _____20 minutes.
Mr. Green has worked here ______ he came to China
His grandparents have been dead ______ several years.
It's been five years ______ we met last time.
【即学即练】 Fill in the blanks with since or for.
for
since
for
since
for
since
探究2.延续性动词与非延续性动词
动词按其动作发生的方式，发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。
1)延续性动词:表示能够延续的动作,也可以表示经验与经历。
Eg: learn, work, stand, lie, walk, sleep, keep, wait, watch, sing, read, stay, live …
延续性动可以与or和 since引导的时间状语连用:
Eg: He has lived here for 6 years
(他在这儿住了六年了,一直住在这儿,live是延续性动词，并且很有可能继续居住)
I have known her since then.
(自从那时起我就认识她了,一直都
认识,know是延续性动词)
2)非延续性动词:也称终止性动词或瞬间动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。
Eg: open, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy, die …
非延线性动词不能与for和since引导的时间状语连用。
He has died for two years. (X)
He has been dead for two years. (√)
I have bought the bike for 2 months. (X)
I have had/owned the bike for 2 months. (√)
非延续性动词与延续性动词之间的转换(常用)
(1)转化为相应的延续性动词,用于现在完成时态
Eg: borrow-keep buy-have\own put on- wear get \go to sleep- sleep catch a cold- have a cold get to know-know
(2)转化为“be+形容词\副词\介词\名词”
Eg: begin start -be on go out - be out die - be dead open- be open get to/ arrive in(at)\ reach-be in+地点 leave - be away(from)
finish- be over fall ill- be ill get up- be up fall asleep- be asleep
join- be in+活动\组织 go to school - be in school become-be
make friends -be friends close- be closed go to bed- be in bed
come\go- be+相应的介词短语
例:下面是句子的同义句转换,将原句一般过去时改成现在完成时
He went to school two hours ago.(一般过去时)
I borrowed the book five days ago.
get to/ arrive in(at)\ reach-be in+地点
He has been in school for two hours.
(现在完成时，将go to school变为be in school, for+时间段)
He has been in school since two hours ago.
(现在完成时，since跟过去的时间点)
borrow借(短暂)-keep保存(延续)
I have kept the book for five days.
I have kept the book since five days ago.
He bought the bike three years ago.
2. She fell asleep one hour ago.
3. My sister became a nurse one year ago.
He has had the bike for three years.
buy买(短暂)—have\own拥有(延续)
He has had the bike since three years ago.
fall asleep入睡(短暂)—be asleep睡着的(状态)
She has been asleep for one hour.
She has been asleep since one hour ago.
become变成(短暂)—be+名词(延续)
My sister has been a nurse for one year.
My sister has been a nurse since one year ago.
Li Lei joined the Party three years ago._(同义句)
Li Lei ____ ____ ____the Party ______ three years.
Li Lei ____ ____ ____the Party _____ three years ago.
2. My father left Guizhou last week.(同义句)
My father ___ ____ ____ ____Guizhou ______a week.
My father ___ _____ ____ ____Guizhou ____ last week.
3. The factory opened in1996.(同义句)
The factory ____ ____ ____ _____ten years.
The factory ____ _____ _____ since 1996.
【即学即练】
join加入某个组织(短暂)—be in+组织(状态)
has been in
for
has been in
since
leave离开某地(短暂)
—be away from(状态)
has been away from
for
has been away from
since
open开业，营业(短暂)
—be open(状态)
has been open for
has been open
【即学即练】
4. Mr. Huang reached Beijing five days ago.(同义句)
Mr. Huang____ ____ ____Beijing ______ five days ago.
Mr. Huang ____ ____ ____Beijing_____ five days.
5. The film began ten minutes ago.(同义句)
The film ___ _____ _____for _____ _____.
The film ____ ____ ____since _____ ____ _____.
6. She bought the new car three years ago.(同义句)
She ____ ____ the new car _____three years.
She ____ ____ the new car ____ three years ago.
get to\arrive in(at)\reach+地点
—be in +地点
has been in
since
has been in
for
begin开始（短暂）
—be on (状态)
has been on
ten minutes
has been on
ten minutes ago
buy买（短暂）
—have\own拥有(状态)
has had
for
has had
since
Practice
4a. Rewrite the sentences using for or since.
Jim is in Japan. He arrived there three days ago.
__________________________________
2. They are very hungry. Their last meal was ten hours ago.
____________________________________
3. I have a camera. I bought it in 2009.
_______________________________
4. I know Anna. I first met her three years ago.
___________________________________
5. Linda is ill. She became ill on Monday.
____________________________________
get to\arrive in(at)\reach+地点—be in +地点
Jim has been in Japan for three days\since three days.
eat— have
They haven’t had anything for ten hours\since ten hours ago .
buy— have
I have had a camera since 2009.
meet— know
I have known Anna for three years\since three years ago.
become ill— be ill
Linda has been ill since Monday.
4b. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
1. I ______________ (never be) to the water park before. I want to ____ (go) next month before the weather gets too cold.
2.They__________________(never own) any pets, but they ______________________ (always want) to have a dog.
3. We_______ (have) a piano since last November. We _______ (buy) it from the Li family when they moved to the US last year.
4. Cathy and Amy _______________(not be) back to their hometown for two years. They ____ (miss) their hometown a lot and hope to visit the place next year.
5. This museum ________ (be) here for over 20 years. It _____ (be) one of the oldest buildings in this small town.
提示：根据句意和时间状语提示词，决定句子时态和动词形式
have never been
go
have never owned
have always wanted
have had
bought
haven’t been
miss
has been
is
4c. Fill in the questions and ask two students. Then complete the chart.
Things
How long
Tony
favorite book
for two years
basketball
since he was 10 years old
student 1
student 2
1. Do you have a (n)_________? How long have you had it?
2. Do you own a (n)__________? How long have you owned it?
For example: A: Do you have \own a toy bear?
B: Yes, I do.
A: How long have you had\owned it?
B: I have had \owned it for two years\ since two years ago.
For example:
My friend Jenny has a train set. She has owned it since she was two years old.
My classmate Tony has a football T-shirt. He has had it for three years.
……
The end-of-class test
一、将下列短暂性动词转化成对应的延续性形式
borrow- buy- put on-
begin\start- die- open-
get to \arrive in (at)\reach-
leave- finish- fall ill-
fall asleep- join-
go to school-
become- close-
keep
bought
wear
be on
be dead
be open
be in+地点
be away (from)
be over
be ill
be asleep
be in+活动\组织
be in school
be
be closed
二、翻译句子
自打五年前我就有这套火车和铁轨套装玩具了。
Tara离开家已经两个月了。
这本书我已经借了两周了。
这辆自行车我买了两年了。
那只猫已经死了两天了。
电影已经结束10分钟了。
有，拥有— have\own
I have had (owned) this train and railway set since five years ago.
leave— be away (from)
Tara has been away from home for two months.
borrow— keep
I have kept this book for two weeks.
buy— have
I have had this bike for two years.
die— be dead
The cat has been dead for two days.
finish— be over
The film has been over for ten minutes.