英语：Unit3《Understanding each other》课件（译林牛津版选修6）

(共44张PPT)
Unit 3
Understanding each other
Grammar and usage
戴新民 顾爱红(江苏省黄桥中学)
Translate the following
sentences into English!
Revision & Lead-in
If you had joined the chat room ten minutes ago, you would have known what we were talking about.
要是你在10分钟前进入聊天室的话,你就知道我们在谈些什么了.
If I got married in the UK, I would expect a present.
如果我在英国结婚,我会得到客人的礼物.
Should you come to Brunei, you would have to take off your shoes before going into someone’s house.
如果你来到了文莱,你进别人家门之前得脱鞋.
If you had joined the chat room ten minutes ago, you would have known what we were talking about.
If I got married in the UK, I would expect a present.
在英语中随着说话人意图的不同，动词需用不同的形式，称为语气。英语语气有三种：
语气(mood)是一种动词形式，用以表示说话者的意图或态度。
是说话人为表达一种假设,或一种主观愿望,即认为动词所表示的动作或状态并非真实或仅是主观设想时所用的动词形式.
1. 陈述语气
用来叙述事实或提出疑问.广泛用于陈述句,疑问句,感叹句
E.g. : I will come tomorrow.
2.祈使语气
是说话人用来向对方下达命令,指示提出要求,劝告等所用的动词形式.主要用于祈使句.
E.g. ; Don’t write in your book.
3.虚拟语气
虚拟语气，作为日常交际应用中常常会出现的一种语言现象，一直是高考题几乎年年都要考到的一个热点。但对于中国学生来说，它又是一个难点。无怪乎许多学生学习虚拟语气时，常常会叹道：
If there were no subjunctive mood, English
______ much easier.
A. will be B. would have been
C. could have been D. would be
虚拟语气是说话人为表达一种假设,或一种主观愿望,即认为动词所表示的动作或状态并非真实或仅是主观设想时所用的动词形式.
虚拟语气的定义
关键是什么
与事实相反！
1.一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法
2.名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法
3.几种特殊结构中虚拟语气用法
4.一般条件句中虚拟语气的倒装
5. 与含蓄条件句
6.虚拟语气与陈述语气的判定
考点
难点
错综时间条件句
Unreal conditionals state a condition or situation that is not real or is imaginary.
Unreal conditionals
一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法
We use unreal conditionals to state a
present condition or situation that is
not real or is imaginary.
E.g.
If I got married in the UK,
I would expect a present.
一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法
We form unreal present conditionals like this:
If… was/were/did … ,
…would/could/might do …
1. 假如我有更多的时间，我就会学习德语。
If I had more time，I would study German.
2. 要是我象你一样年轻,我就会找时间锻炼.
If I were/was young as you, I would find time
to exercise.
Practice:
一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法
If I weren’t addicted to QQ games,
I would make greater progress in his studies.
What would happen if you were not addicted to QQ game
一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法
What would you do if you won the lottery
If I won the lottery, I would…
a villa
一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法
We also use unreal conditionals to
refer to an imaginary past action.
E.g.
If you had joined the chat room ten
minutes ago, you would have known
what we were talking about.
一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法
We form unreal past conditionals like this:
If … had been/done…,
…would/could/might have done…
1) 如果他抓紧时间，他本来能赶上那趟火车。
If he had hurried, he could have caught
the train.
2) 如果你昨天告诉他，他也许会提些建议了。
If you had told him yesterday, he might
have made some suggestions.
一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法
If I ___________busy last night,
I _____________ to see the
film with you.
had not been
would have gone
一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法
If he more carefully,
he the car
accident yesterday.
would not have had
had driven
一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法
We use unreal future conditionals to talk
about imaginary future situations.
1) If I had time tomorrow, I would certainly
help you.
2) If I were to fail my Maths test, I would
have to take it again at the end of the term.
3) If he should come tomorrow, I would
talk to him about it.
E.g.
一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法
We form unreal future conditionals like this:
If…was/were/did/should/were to…,
…would/should/might do…
Practice:
1) 假如我要出国，我就会去法国。
If I were to go abroad, I would go to France.
2) 万一明天下雨，我们的运动会就推迟。
If it should rain tomorrow,
our sports meeting would be put off.
一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法
Mark: 100
If you got /were to get /should get a full
mark next time, I would treat you to a
wonderful performance.
一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法
条件从句
If 从句的谓语形式
主句的谓语形式
现在
过去
将来
did（were）
had done
would/could/should
/might +do
would/could/should
/might +have done
1.did
2.should+do
3. were to do
would/could/should/
might +do
一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法
1)Would, could and might are
often interchangeable, but with
some differences in meaning.
would → intention; plan
could → ability; possibility
might → probability
2) In written English or in formal situation,
we usually use were in If-clauses in place
of was. However, in everyday conversation,
was is often used.
TIPS
一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法
We can also put should, were and had
at the beginning of an unreal conditional
sentence. In this case, if is not needed
any more. Please rewrite the sentences:
E.g.
If you should make a mistake,
you should not be embarrassed.
→Should you make a mistake,
you should not be embarrassed.
条件句中虚拟语气的倒装
2 ) If you had told me earlier, I would
not have this problem now.
→Had you told me earlier, I would
not have this problem now.
3) If you were to take the train, you
would be there much sooner.
→Were you to take the train,
you would be there much sooner.
条件句中虚拟语气的倒装
条件句中虚拟语气的倒装
TIPS
注意: 如果省略的条件句中的谓语动词是否定形式时,不能用动词的缩略形式.
我们可以说: Were it not for the expense, I would go abroad now. 但是不能说: Weren’t it for …
E.g.
____ she ____ yesterday, she would
meet the famous singer today.
Hadn’t; left B. Had; not left
C.If; didn’t leave D. Didn’t; leave
当条件状语从句所表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,被称为“错综时间条件句”。在这种情况下，我们切不可照搬某种形式，而应该按照句中所表述的时间关系，再选择相应的虚拟形式。
错综时间条件句
1. If the flower had been watered,
it ______ now.
A. wouldn’t die B. is dead
C. had been dead D. will not die
2. If his television set had not been stolen
yesterday, he ______ TV now.
A. would watch
B. would have watched
C. would be watching
D. is watching
错综时间条件句
If you ________(study) hard before, you _______(be) a college student now and you __________(graduate) from a college in fours’ time.
had studied
would be
would graduate
So far we have finished learning all the tasks of this period and you have done a good job. So now I will reward you a video. Just watch it and try to get a better understanding of what you have learned in this class!
(Flash动画见文件夹内虚拟语气)
Now here are more exercises for you to check whether you have mastered what you have learned in this class.
Please choose the correct answers to the following multiple choices.
Everything if Albert hadn’t called the fire brigade.
A. will be destroyed
B. will have been destroyed
C. would be destroyed
D. would have been destroyed
2. The business is risky. But
______, we would be rich.
A. should we succeed
B. we should succeed
C. might we succeed
D. would we succeed
3. What would have happened,
________, as far as the river bank
A. Bob had walked farther
B. if Bob should walk farther
C. had Bob walked farther
D. if Bob walked farther
4. I _____ you some money, but I
hadn’t any on me then.
A. would lend B. would have lent
C. could lend D. may have lent
5. ______ today, he would get there
by Friday.
A. Was he leaving B. If he leaves
C. Were he to leave D. If he is leaving
6. Supposing this ship ,do you
think there would be enough life
jackets for all the passengers
were to sink B. has sunk
C. was sinking D. sunk
were, would B. is, would
C. is, will D. were, will
7. ----You can ask your brother for help.
----He isn’t at home. If he ____, I ___.
8. —— Are you thinking about going to
Dalian for the vacation
—— No, but if I _____ time, I ————— very
glad to go there.
A. have, will be
B. had had, would have been
C. had, would be
D. had had, would be
Magic Lantern
Magic Brush
Magic Stick
Time Machine
Discussion:
What would you do if you had a…
Summary of this class(本节小结)
一. 英语中语气包括三种:陈述语气,祈使语
气,虚拟语气.
二.虚拟语气用在if 引导的与现在事实,将来
事实,过去事实相反的非真实条件状语从
句中.
三.一般条件句中虚拟语气的倒装
四.错综时间条件句
Homework
Finish Parts C1 and C2
on Page 118 in Workbook.